MC9S12A256

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 9S12A256DGV1/D 4/2002 MC9S12A256 Device Guide V01.01 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Original Release Date: 8 March 2002 Revised: 12 April 2002 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Revision History Version Revision Effective Number Date Date V01.00 8 MAR 2002 8 MAR 2002 Author Initial release Description of Changes Replaced document order number with version except for cover sheet Table A-4 Operating Conditions — Changed minimum values for VDD and V DDPLL to 2.35 V Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... V01.01 12 APRIL 2002 12 APRIL 2002 Table A-6 5V I/O Characteristics — Changed input capacitance for standard I/O pin to 6 pF Table A-9 ATD Electrical Characteristics — Changed maximum value for CINS to 22 pF Table A-15 Oscillator Characteristics — Removed oscillator start-up time from POR or STOP For additional information, refer to the MC9S12A256 8-Bit Microcontroller Unit Mask Set Errata (Motorola document order number, 9S12A256MSE1). The errata can be found on the World Wide Web at: http://www.motorola.com/semiconductors/ For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Table of Contents Section 1 Introduction 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Modes of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Device Memory Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Part ID Assignments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Section 2 Signal Description 2.1 Device Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.2 Signal Properties Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.3 Detailed Signal Descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.3.1 EXTAL, XTAL — Oscillator Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.3.2 RESET — External Reset Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.3.3 TEST — Test Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 2.3.4 VREGEN — Voltage Regulator Enable Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 2.3.5 XFC — PLL Loop Filter Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.3.6 BKGD / TAGHI / MODC — Background Debug, Tag High, and Mode Pin . . . . . . . . 29 2.3.7 PAD15 / AN15 / ETRIG1 — Port AD Input Pin of ATD1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.3.8 PAD[14:08] / AN[14:08] — Port AD Input Pins of ATD1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.3.9 PAD7 / AN07 / ETRIG0 — Port AD Input Pin of ATD0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.3.10 PAD[06:00] / AN[06:00] — Port AD Input Pins of ATD0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.3.11 PA[7:0] / ADDR[15:8] / DATA[15:8] — Port A I/O Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.3.12 PB[7:0] / ADDR[7:0] / DATA[7:0] — Port B I/O Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.3.13 PE7 / NOACC / XCLKS — Port E I/O Pin 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.3.14 PE6 / MODB / IPIPE1 — Port E I/O Pin 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 2.3.15 PE5 / MODA / IPIPE0 — Port E I/O Pin 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 2.3.16 PE4 / ECLK — Port E I/O Pin 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.3.17 PE3 / LSTRB / TAGLO — Port E I/O Pin 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.3.18 PE2 / R/W — Port E I/O Pin 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.3.19 PE1 / IRQ — Port E Input Pin 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.3.20 PE0 / XIRQ — Port E Input Pin 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.3.21 PH7 / KWH7 / SS2 — Port H I/O Pin 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. 2.3.22 2.3.23 2.3.24 2.3.25 2.3.26 2.3.27 2.3.28 2.3.29 2.3.30 2.3.31 2.3.32 2.3.33 2.3.34 2.3.35 2.3.36 2.3.37 2.3.38 2.3.39 2.3.40 2.3.41 2.3.42 2.3.43 2.3.44 2.3.45 2.3.46 2.3.47 2.3.48 2.3.49 2.3.50 2.3.51 2.3.52 2.3.53 2.3.54 2.3.55 2.3.56 PH6 / KWH6 / SCK2 — Port H I/O Pin 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 PH5 / KWH5 / MOSI2 — Port H I/O Pin 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 PH4 / KWH4 / MISO2 — Port H I/O Pin 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 PH3 / KWH3 / SS1 — Port H I/O Pin 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 PH2 / KWH2 / SCK1 — Port H I/O Pin 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 PH1 / KWH1 / MOSI1 — Port H I/O Pin 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 PH0 / KWH0 / MISO1 — Port H I/O Pin 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 PJ7 / KWJ7 / SCL — PORT J I/O Pin 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 PJ6 / KWJ6 / SDA — PORT J I/O Pin 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 PJ[1:0] / KWJ[1:0] — Port J I/O Pins [1:0] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 PK7 / ECS / ROMONE — Port K I/O Pin 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 PK[5:0] / XADDR[19:14] — Port K I/O Pins [5:0] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 PM7 — Port M I/O Pin 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 PM6 — Port M I/O Pin 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 PM5 / SCK0 — Port M I/O Pin 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 PM4 / MOSI0 — Port M I/O Pin 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 PM3 / SS0 — Port M I/O Pin 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 PM2 / MISO0 — Port M I/O Pin 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 PM1 — Port M I/O Pin 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 PM0 — Port M I/O Pin 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 PP7 / KWP7 / PWM7 / SCK2 — Port P I/O Pin 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 PP6 / KWP6 / PWM6 / SS2 — Port P I/O Pin 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 PP5 / KWP5 / PWM5 / MOSI2 — Port P I/O Pin 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 PP4 / KWP4 / PWM4 / MISO2 — Port P I/O Pin 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 PP3 / KWP3 / PWM3 / SS1 — Port P I/O Pin 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 PP2 / KWP2 / PWM2 / SCK1 — Port P I/O Pin 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 PP1 / KWP1 / PWM1 / MOSI1 — Port P I/O Pin 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 PP0 / KWP0 / PWM0 / MISO1 — Port P I/O Pin 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 PS7 / SS0 — Port S I/O Pin 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 PS6 / SCK0 — Port S I/O Pin 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 PS5 / MOSI0 — Port S I/O Pin 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 PS4 / MISO0 — Port S I/O Pin 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 PS3 / TXD1 — Port S I/O Pin 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 PS2 / RXD1 — Port S I/O Pin 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 PS1 / TXD0 — Port S I/O Pin 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 2.3.57 PS0 / RXD0 — Port S I/O Pin 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.3.58 PT[7:0] / IOC[7:0] — Port T I/O Pins [7:0] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 2.4 Power Supply Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.4.1 VDDX, VSSX — Power & Ground Pins for I/O Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 2.4.2 VDDR, VSSR — Power & Ground Pins for I/O Drivers & for Internal Voltage Regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 2.4.3 VDD1, VDD2, VSS1, VSS2 — Core Power Pins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 2.4.4 VDDA, VSSA — Power Supply Pins for ATD and VREG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 2.4.5 VRH, VRL — ATD Reference Voltage Input Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 2.4.6 VDDPLL, VSSPLL — Power Supply Pins for PLL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 2.4.7 VREGEN — On Chip Voltage Regulator Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Section 3 System Clock Description 3.1 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Section 4 Modes of Operation 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.4 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Modes of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Normal Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Special Operating Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Test Operating Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Securing the Microcontroller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Operation of the Secured Microcontroller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Unsecuring the Microcontroller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Low Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Section 5 Resets and Interrupts 5.1 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 5.2 Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 5.2.1 Vector Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 5.3 Effects of Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 5.3.1 I/O Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 5.3.2 Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Section 6 HCS12 Core Block Description For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Section 7 Clock and Reset Generator (CRG) Block Description 7.1 Device-Specific Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 7.1.1 XCLKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Section 8 Enhanced Capture Timer (ECT) Block Description Section 9 Analog to Digital Converter (ATD) Block Description Section 10 Inter-IC Bus (IIC) Block Description Section 11 Serial Communications Interface (SCI) Block Description Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Section 12 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Block Description Section 13 Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) Block Description Section 14 Flash EEPROM 256K Block Description Section 15 EEPROM 4K Block Description Section 16 RAM Block Description Section 17 Port Integration Module (PIM) Block Description Section 18 Voltage Regulator (VREG) Block Description Appendix A Electrical Characteristics A.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 A.1.1 Parameter Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 A.1.2 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 A.1.3 Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 A.1.4 Current Injection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 A.1.5 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 A.1.6 ESD Protection and Latch-up Immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 A.1.7 Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 A.1.8 Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 A.1.9 I/O Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 A.1.10 Supply Currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 A.2 A.2.1 A.2.2 A.2.3 A.3 A.3.1 A.3.2 A.4 A.5 A.5.1 A.5.2 A.5.3 A.6 A.6.1 A.6.2 A.7 A.7.1 ATD Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67 ATD Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Factors Influencing Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 ATD Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 NVM, Flash, and EEPROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 NVM Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 NVM Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Voltage Regulator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Reset, Oscillator and PLL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Phase Locked Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 SPI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Master Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Slave Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 External Bus Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86 General Muxed Bus Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Appendix B Package Information B.1 B.2 B.3 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 112-Pin LQFP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 80-Pin QFP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 List of Figures Figure 1-1 Figure 1-2 Figure 2-1 Figure 2-2 Figure 2-3 Figure 3-1 Figure 18-1 Figure 18-2 Figure A-1 Figure A-2 Figure A-3 Figure A-4 Figure A-5 Figure A-6 Figure A-7 Figure A-8 Figure A-9 Figure B-1 Figure B-2 MC9S12A256 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 MC9S12A256 Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Pin Assignments in 112-Pin LQFP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Pin Assignments in 80-Pin QFP for MC9S12A256 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 PLL Loop Filter Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Clock Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Recommended PCB Layout 112 LQFP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Recommended PCB Layout for 80 QFP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 ATD Accuracy Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Basic PLL Functional Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Jitter Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Maximum Bus Clock Jitter Approximation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 SPI Master Timing (CPHA = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 SPI Master Timing (CPHA =1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 SPI Slave Timing (CPHA = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 SPI Slave Timing (CPHA =1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 General External Bus Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 112-Pin LQFP Mechanical Dimensions (Case no. 987) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 80-Pin QFP Mechanical Dimensions (Case no. 841B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 List of Tables Table 0-1 Table 1-1 Table 1-2 Table 1-3 Table 2-1 Table 2-2 Table 4-1 Table 5-1 Table A-1 Table A-2 Table A-3 Table A-4 Table A-5 Table A-6 Table A-7 Table A-8 Table A-9 Table A-10 Table A-11 Table A-12 Table A-13 Table A-14 Table A-15 Table A-16 Table A-17 Table A-18 Table A-19 Document References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Device Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Assigned Part ID Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Memory Size Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Signal Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 MC9S12A256 Power and Ground Connection Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Mode Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Interrupt Vector Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 ESD and Latch-up Test Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 ESD and Latch-Up Protection Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Thermal Package Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 5V I/O Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Supply Current Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ATD Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 ATD Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 ATD Conversion Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 NVM Timing Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 NVM Reliability Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Voltage Regulator Recommended Load Capacitances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Startup Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Oscillator Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 PLL Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81 SPI Master Mode Timing Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 SPI Slave Mode Timing Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Expanded Bus Timing Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Preface The Device User Guide provides information about the MC9S12A256 device made up of standard HCS12 blocks and the HCS12 processor core. This document is part of the customer documentation. A complete set of device manuals also includes the CPU12 Reference Manual (Motorola order number, CPU12RM/AD) and all the individual Block User Guides of the implemented modules. In a effort to reduce redundancy all module specific information is located only in the respective Block User Guide. If applicable, special implementation details of the module are given in the block description sections of this document. See Table 0-1 for names and versions of the referenced documents throughout the Device User Guide. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Table 0-1 Document References User Guide HCS12 Core User Guide CRG Block Guide ECT_16B8C Block Guide ATD_10B8C Block Guide IIC Block Guide SCI Block Guide SPI Block Guide PWM_8B8C Block Guide FTS256K Block Guide EETS4K Block Guide VREG Block Guide PIM_9A256 Block Guide Version V01 V02 V01 V02 V02 V02 V02 V01 V02 V02 V01 V01 Document Order Number HCS12COREUG/D S12CRGV3/D S12ECT16B8CV1/D S12ATD10B8CV2/D S12IICV2/D S12SCIV2/D S12SPIV2/D S12PWM8B8CV1/D S12FTS256KV2/D S12EETS4KV2/D S12VREGV1/D S12A256PIMV1/D For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Section 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview The MC9S12A256 microcontroller unit (MCU) is a 16-bit device composed of standard on-chip peripherals including a 16-bit central processing unit (HCS12 CPU), 256K bytes of Flash EEPROM, 12K bytes of RAM, 4K bytes of EEPROM, two asynchronous serial communications interfaces (SCI), three serial peripheral interfaces (SPI), an 8-channel IC/OC enhanced capture timer, two 8-channel, 10-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADC), an 8-channel pulse-width modulator (PWM), 29 discrete digital I/O channels (Port A, Port B, Port K and Port E), 20 discrete digital I/O lines with interrupt and wakeup capability and an Inter-IC Bus. System resource mapping, clock generation, interrupt control and bus interfacing are managed by the System Integration Module (SIM). The MC9S12A256 has full 16-bit data paths throughout. However, the external bus can operate in an 8-bit narrow mode so single 8-bit wide memory can be interfaced for lower cost systems. The inclusion of a PLL circuit allows power consumption and performance to be adjusted to suit operational requirements. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 1.2 Features • HCS12 Core – 16-bit HCS12 CPU i. Upward compatible with M68HC11 instruction set ii. Interrupt stacking and programmer’s model identical to M68HC11 iii. Instruction queue iv. Enhanced indexed addressing – MEBI (Multiplexed External Bus Interface) – MMC (Module Mapping Control) – INT (Interrupt control) – BKP (Breakpoints) – BDM (Background Debug Mode) • • CRG (low current oscillator, PLL, reset, clocks, COP watchdog, real time interrupt, clock monitor) 8-bit and 4-bit ports with interrupt functionality – • Digital filtering – Programmable rising or falling edge trigger Memory – – 256K Flash EEPROM 4K byte EEPROM – 12K byte RAM For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. • Two 8-channel Analog-to-Digital Converters – – 10-bit resolution External conversion trigger capability 16-bit main counter with 7-bit prescaler 8 programmable input capture or output compare channels Two 8-bit or one 16-bit pulse accumulators Programmable period and duty cycle 8-bit 8-channel or 16-bit 4-channel Separate control for each pulse width and duty cycle Center-aligned or left-aligned outputs Programmable clock select logic with a wide range of frequencies Fast emergency shutdown input Usable as interrupt inputs Two asynchronous Serial Communications Interfaces (SCI) Three Synchronous Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Compatible with I2C Bus standard Multi-master operation Software programmable for one of 256 different serial clock frequencies I/O lines with 5V input and drive capability 5V A/D converter inputs Operation at 50MHz equivalent to 25MHz Bus Speed Development support Single-wire background debug™ mode (BDM) On-chip hardware breakpoints • Enhanced Capture Timer – – – • 8 PWM channels – – – – – – – Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... • Serial interfaces – – • Inter-IC Bus (IIC) – – – • 112-Pin LQFP and 80-pin QFP packages – – – – – – For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 1.3 Modes of Operation User modes • Normal and Emulation Operating Modes – – – – – • Normal Single-Chip Mode Normal Expanded Wide Mode Normal Expanded Narrow Mode Emulation Expanded Wide Mode Emulation Expanded Narrow Mode Special Single-Chip Mode with active Background Debug Mode Special Test Mode (Motorola use only) Special Peripheral Mode (Motorola use only) Special Operating Modes – – – Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Low power modes • • • Stop Mode Pseudo Stop Mode Wait Mode For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. 1.4 Block Diagram Figure 1-1 shows a block diagram of the MC9S12A256 device. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Figure 1-1 MC9S12A256 Block Diagram 256K Byte Flash EEPROM 12K Byte RAM 4K Byte EEPROM VDDR VSSR VREGEN VDD1,2 VSS1,2 BKGD XFC VDDPLL VSSPLL EXTAL XTAL RESET PE0 PE1 PE2 PE3 PE4 PE5 PE6 PE7 TEST AN0 AN1 AN2 AN3 AN4 AN5 AN6 AN7 ATD0 VRH VRL VDDA VSSA PAD00 PAD01 PAD02 PAD03 PAD04 PAD05 PAD06 PAD07 ATD1 VRH VRL VDDA VSSA VRH VRL VDDA VSSA PAD08 PAD09 PAD10 PAD11 PAD12 PAD13 PAD14 PAD15 PK0 PK1 PK2 PK3 PK4 PK5 PK7 PT0 PT1 PT2 PT3 PT4 PT5 PT6 PT7 PS0 PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 PS5 PS6 PS7 PM0 PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4 PM5 PM6 PM7 XADDR14 XADDR15 XADDR16 XADDR17 XADDR18 XADDR19 Voltage Regulator AN0 AN1 AN2 AN3 AN4 AN5 AN6 AN7 PIX0 PIX1 PIX2 PIX3 P IX4 PIX5 ECS IOC0 IOC1 IOC2 IOC3 IOC4 IOC5 IOC6 IOC7 RXD TXD RXD TXD AD0 Single-wire Background Debug Module Clock and Reset Generation Module CPU12 DDRK PPAGE PLL Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Periodic Interrupt COP Watchdog Clock Monitor Breakpoints PTK AD1 ECS XIRQ IRQ System R/W Integration LSTRB Module ECLK (SIM) MODA MODB NOACC/XCLKS DDRE PTE Enhanced Capture Timer DDRT DDRS SCI0 SCI1 PTS PTT Multiplexed Address/Data Bus SPI0 DDRA PTA PA7 PA6 PA5 PA4 PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 MISO MOSI SCK SS DDRB Module to Port Routing PTB PB7 PB6 PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0 Multiplexed Wide Bus IIC SDA SCL PWM0 PWM1 PWM2 PWM3 PWM4 PWM5 PWM6 PWM7 MISO MOSI SCK SS MISO MOSI SCK SS Internal Logic 2.5V VDD1,2 VSS1,2 I/O Driver 5V VDDX VSSX PTJ Multiplexed Narrow Bus KWJ0 KWJ1 KWJ6 KWJ7 KWP0 KWP1 KWP2 KWP3 KWP4 KWP5 KWP6 KWP7 KWH0 KWH1 KWH2 KWH3 KWH4 KWH5 KWH6 KWH7 PJ0 PJ1 PJ6 PJ7 PP0 PP1 PP2 PP3 PP4 PP5 PP6 PP7 PH0 PH1 DATA7 DATA6 DATA5 DATA4 DATA3 DATA2 DATA1 DATA0 DDRP DDRJ PLL 2.5V VDDPLL VSSPLL A/D Converter 5V & Voltage Regulator Reference VDDA VSSA PWM Voltage Regulator 5V & I/O VDDR VSSR SPI1 PTP DDRH PH2 PTH PH3 PH4 PH5 PH6 PH7 SPI2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Signals shown in Bold are not available on the 80 Pin Package DDRM ADDR15 ADDR14 ADDR13 ADDR12 ADDR11 ADDR10 ADDR9 ADDR8 DATA15 DATA14 DATA13 DATA12 DATA11 DATA10 DATA9 DATA8 DATA7 DATA6 DATA5 DATA4 DATA3 DATA2 DATA1 DATA0 ADDR7 ADDR6 ADDR5 ADDR4 ADDR3 ADDR2 ADDR1 ADDR0 PTM MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. 1.5 Device Memory Map Table 1-1 and Figure 1-2 show the device memory map of the MC9S12A256 after reset. Note that after reset the bottom 1K of the EEPROM ($0000 - $03FF) are hidden by the register space. Table 1-1 Device Memory Map Address $0000 - $0017 $0018 - $0019 $001A - $001B $001C - $001F $0020 - $0027 $0028 - $002F $0030 - $0033 $0034 - $003F $0040 - $007F $0080 - $009F Module CORE (Ports A, B, E, Modes, Inits, Test) Reserved Device ID register (PARTID) CORE (MEMSIZ, IRQ, HPRIO) Reserved CORE (Background Debug Mode) CORE (PPAGE, Port K) Clock and Reset Generator (PLL, RTI, COP) Enhanced Capture Timer 16-bit 8 channels Analog to Digital Converter 10-bit 8 channels (ATD0) Size (Bytes) 24 2 2 4 8 8 4 12 64 32 40 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 16 12 4 32 256 64 384 4096 12288 16384 16384 16384 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... $00A0 - $00C7 Pulse Width Modulator 8-bit 8 channels (PWM) $00C8 - $00CF Serial Communications Interface 0 (SCI0) $00D0 - $00D7 Serial Communications Interface 0 (SCI1) $00D8 - $00DF Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI0) $00E0 - $00E7 $00F0 - $00F7 $00F8 - $00FF $0100- $010F $0110 - $011B $011C - $011F $0120 - $013F $0140 - $023F $0240 - $027F $0280 - $03FF $0000 - $0FFF $1000 - $3FFF $4000 - $7FFF $8000 - $BFFF Inter IC Bus Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI1) Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI2) Flash Control Register EEPROM Control Register Reserved Analog to Digital Converter 10-bit 8 channels (ATD1) Reserved Port Integration Module (PIM) Reserved EEPROM array RAM array Fixed Flash EEPROM array incl. 0.5K, 1K, 2K or 4K Protected Sector at start Flash EEPROM Page Window $00E8 - $00EF Reserved Fixed Flash EEPROM array $C000 - $FFFF incl. 0.5K, 1K, 2K or 4K Protected Sector at end and 256 bytes of Vector Space at $FF80 - $FFFF For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Figure 1-2 MC9S12A256 Memory Map $0000 $0400 $03FF $0000 $0000 REGISTERS (Mappable to any 2k Block within the first 32K) $1000 $0FFF $1000 4K Bytes EEPROM (Mappable to any 4K Block) 12K Bytes RAM (Mappable to any 16K and alignable to top or bottom) $4000 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... $3FFF $4000 16K Fixed Flash Page $3E = 62 (This is dependant on the state of the ROMHM bit) $7FFF $8000 $8000 EXTERN $BFFF 16K Page Window 16 x 16K Flash EEPROM pages $C000 $C000 16K Fixed Flash Page $3F = 63 $FFFF $FF00 $FF00 VECTORS $FFFF EXPANDED* NORMAL SINGLE CHIP SPECIAL SINGLE CHIP VECTORS VECTORS $FFFF BDM (if active) * Assuming that a ‘0’ was driven onto port K bit 7 during MCU reset is reset into normal expanded wide or narrow mode. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. 1.6 Part ID Assignments The part ID is located in two 8-bit registers PARTIDH and PARTIDL (addresses $001A and $001B after reset). The read-only value is a unique part ID for each revision of the chip. Table 1-2 shows the assigned part ID number. Table 1-2 Assigned Part ID Numbers Device MC9S12A256 MC9S12A256 NOTES: 1. The coding is as follows: Bit 15-12: Major family identifier Bit 11-8: Minor family identifier Bit 7-4: Major mask set revision number including FAB transfers Bit 3-0: Minor - non full - mask set revision Mask Set Number Part ID1 $0010 $0011 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The device memory sizes are located in two 8-bit registers MEMSIZ0 and MEMSIZ1 (addresses $001C and $001D after reset). Table 1-3 shows the read-only values of these registers. Refer to the HCS12 Core User Guide (Motorola order number, HCS12COREUG/D) for further details. Table 1-3 Memory Size Registers Register name MEMSIZ0 MEMSIZ1 Value $25 $81 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Section 2 Signal Description This section describes signals that connect off-chip. It includes a pinout diagram, a table of signal properties, and detailed discussion of signals. It is built from the signal description sections of the Block User Guides of the individual IP blocks on the device. 2.1 Device Pinout The MC9S12A256 is available in a 112-pin low profile quad flat pack (LQFP) and is also available in a 80-pin quad flat pack (QFP). Most pins perform two or more functions, as described in the Signal Descriptions. Figure 2-1 and Figure 2-2 show the pin assignments. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... ADDR5/DATA5/PB5 ADDR6/DATA6/PB6 ADDR7/DATA7/PB7 SS2/KWH7/PH7 SCK2/KWH6/PH6 MOSI2/KWH5/PH5 MISO2/KWH4/PH4 XCLKS/NOACC/PE7 MODB/IPIPE1/PE6 MODA/IPIPE0/PE5 ECLK/PE4 VSSR VDDR RESET VDDPLL XFC VSSPLL EXTAL XTAL TEST SS1/KWH3/PH3 SCK1/KWH2/PH2 MOSI1/KWH1/PH1 MISO1/KWH0/PH0 LSTRB/TAGLO/PE3 R/W/PE2 IRQ/PE1 XIRQ/PE0 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 SS1/PWM3/KWP3/PP3 SCK1/PWM2/KWP2/PP2 MOSI1/PWM1/KWP1/PP1 MISO1/PWM0/KWP0/PP0 XADDR17/PK3 XADDR16/PK2 XADDR15/PK1 XADDR14/PK0 IOC0/PT0 IOC1/PT1 IOC2/PT2 IOC3/PT3 VDD1 VSS1 IOC4/PT4 IOC5/PT5 IOC6/PT6 IOC7/PT7 XADDR19/PK5 XADDR18/PK4 KWJ1/PJ1 KWJ0/PJ0 MODC/TAGHI/BKGD ADDR0/DATA0/PB0 ADDR1/DATA1/PB1 ADDR2/DATA2/PB2 ADDR3/DATA3/PB3 ADDR4/DATA4/PB4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 112 111 110 109 108 107 106 105 104 103 102 101 100 99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 PP4/KWP4/PWM4/MISO2 PP5/KPW5/PWM5/MOSI2 PP6/KWP6/PWM6/SS2 PP7/KWP7/PWM7/SCK2 PK7/ECS VDDX VSSX PM0 PM1 PM2/MISO0 PM3/SS0 PM4/MOSI PM5/SCK0 PJ6/KWJ6/SDA PJ7/KWJ7/SCL VREGEN PS7/SS0 PS6/SCK0 PS5/MOSI0 PS4/MISO0 PS3/TXD1 PS2/RXD1 PS1/TXD0 PS0/RXD0 PM6 PM7 VSSA VRL 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 MC9S12A256 VRH VDDA PAD15/AN15/ETRIG1 PAD07/AN07/ETRIG0 PAD14/AN14 PAD06/AN06 PAD13/AN13 PAD05/AN05 PAD12/AN12 PAD04/AN04 PAD11/AN11 PAD03/AN03 PAD10/AN10 PAD02/AN02 PAD09/AN09 PAD01/AN01 PAD08/AN08 PAD00/AN00 VSS2 VDD2 PA7/ADDR15/DATA15 PA6/ADDR14/DATA14 PA5/ADDR13/DATA13 PA4/ADDR12/DATA12 PA3/ADDR11/DATA11 PA2/ADDR10/DATA10 PA1/ADDR9/DATA9 PA0/ADDR8/DATA8 Signals shown in Bold are not available on the 80 Pin Package Figure 2-1 Pin Assignments in 112-Pin LQFP For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 PP4/KWP4/PWM4/MISO2 PP5/KWP5/PWM5/MOSI2 PP7/KWP7/PWM7/SCK2 VDDX VSSX PM0 PM1 PM2/MISO0 PM3/SS0 PM4/MOSI0 PM5/SCK0 PJ6/KWJ6/SDA PJ7/KWJ7/SCL VREGEN PS3/TXD1 PS2/RXD1 PS1/TXD0 PS0/RXD0 VSSA VRL SS1/PWM3/KWP3/PP3 SCK1/PWM2/KWP2/PP2 MOSI1/PWM1/KWP1/PP1 MISO1/PWM0/KWP0/PP0 IOC0/PT0 IOC1/PT1 IOC2/PT2 IOC3/PT3 VDD1 VSS1 IOC4/PT4 IOC5/PT5 IOC6/PT6 IOC7/PT7 MODC/TAGHI/BKGD ADDR0/DATA0/PB0 ADDR1/DATA1/PB1 ADDR2/DATA2/PB2 ADDR3/DATA3/PB3 ADDR4/DATA4/PB4 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC9S12A256 VRH VDDA PAD07/AN07/ETRIG0 PAD06/AN06 PAD05/AN05 PAD04/AN04 PAD03/AN03 PAD02/AN02 PAD01/AN01 PAD00/AN00 VSS2 VDD2 PA7/ADDR15/DATA15 PA6/ADDR14/DATA14 PA5/ADDR13/DATA13 PA4/ADDR12/DATA12 PA3/ADDR11/DATA11 PA2/ADDR10/DATA10 PA1/ADDR9/DATA9 PA0/ADDR8/DATA8 Figure 2-2 Pin Assignments in 80-Pin QFP for MC9S12A256 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ADDR5/DATA5/PB5 ADDR6/DATA6/PB6 ADDR7/DATA7/PB7 XCLKS/NOACC/PE7 MODB/IPIPE1/PE6 MODA/IPIPE0/PE5 ECLK/PE4 VSSR VDDR RESET VDDPLL XFC VSSPLL EXTAL XTAL TEST LSTRB/TAGLO/PE3 R/W/PE2 IRQ/PE1 XIRQ/PE0 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. 2.2 Signal Properties Summary Table 2-1 summarizes the pin functionality. Signals shown in bold are not available in the 80 pin package. Table 2-1 Signal Properties Pin Name Function 1 EXTAL XTAL RESET TEST VREGEN XFC BKGD PAD15 PAD[14:8] PAD07 PAD[06:00] PA[7:0] PB[7:0] PE7 PE6 PE5 PE4 PE3 PE2 PE1 PE0 PH7 PH6 PH5 PH4 PH3 PH2 PH1 PH0 Pin Name Function 2 — — — — — — TAGHI AN15 AN[14:08] AN07 AN[06:00] ADDR[15:8]/ DATA[15:8] ADDR[7:0]/ DATA[7:0] NOACC IPIPE1 IPIPE0 ECLK LSTRB R/W IRQ XIRQ KWH7 KWH6 KWH5 KWH4 KWH3 KWH2 KWH1 KWH0 Pin Name Function 3 — — — — — — MODC ETRIG1 — ETRIG0 — — — XCLKS MODB MODA — TAGLO — — — SS2 SCK2 MOSI2 MISO2 SS1 SCK1 MOSI1 MISO1 Pin Name Function 4 — — — — — — — — — Powered by VDDPLL VDDR N.A. VDDX VDDPLL VDDR Oscillator Pins Description External Reset Test Input Voltage Regulator Enable Input PLL Loop Filter Background Debug, Tag High, Mode Input Port AD Input, Analog Input AN7 of ATD1, External Trigger Input of ATD1 Port AD Inputs, Analog Inputs AN[6:0] of ATD1 Port AD Input, Analog Input AN7 of ATD0, External Trigger Input of ATD0 Port AD Inputs, Analog Inputs AN[6:0] of ATD0 Port A I/O, Multiplexed Address/Data Port B I/O, Multiplexed Address/Data Port E I/O, Access, Clock Select Port E I/O, Pipe Status, Mode Input Port E I/O, Pipe Status, Mode Input Port E I/O, Bus Clock Output Port E I/O, Byte Strobe, Tag Low Port E I/O, R/W in expanded modes Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... VDDA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — VDDR Port E Input, Maskable Interrupt Port E Input, Non Maskable Interrupt Port H I/O, Interrupt, SS of SPI2 Port H I/O, Interrupt, SCK of SPI2 Port H I/O, Interrupt, MOSI of SPI2 Port H I/O, Interrupt, MISO of SPI2 Port H I/O, Interrupt, SS of SPI1 Port H I/O, Interrupt, SCK of SPI1 Port H I/O, Interrupt, MOSI of SPI1 Port H I/O, Interrupt, MISO of SPI1 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Pin Name Function 1 PJ7 PJ6 PJ[1:0] PK7 PK[5:0] PM7 PM6 PM5 PM4 PM3 PM2 Pin Name Function 2 KWJ7 KWJ6 KWJ[1:0] ECS XADDR[19:14] — — SCK0 MOSI0 SS0 MISO0 — — KWP7 KWP6 KWP5 KWP4 KWP3 KWP2 KWP1 KWP0 SS0 SCK0 MOSI0 MISO0 TXD1 RXD1 TXD0 RXD0 IOC[7:0] Pin Name Function 3 SCL SDA — ROMONE Pin Name Function 4 Powered by Description Port J I/O, Interrupt, SCL of IIC Port J I/O, Interrupt, SDA of IIC — — — Port J I/O, Interrupts Port K I/O, Emulation Chip Select, ROM On Enable Port K I/O, Extended Addresses Port M I/O Port M I/O Port M I/O, SCK of SPI0 Port M I/O, MOSI of SPI0 Port M I/O, SS of SPI0 Port M I/O, MISO of SPI0 Port M I/O Port M I/O Port P I/O, Interrupt, Channel 7 of PWM, SCK of SPI2 Port P I/O, Interrupt, Channel 6 of PWM, SS of SPI2 VDDX Port P I/O, Interrupt, Channel 5 of PWM, MOSI of SPI2 Port P I/O, Interrupt, Channel 4 of PWM, MISO2 of SPI2 Port P I/O, Interrupt, Channel 3 of PWM, SS of SPI1 Port P I/O, Interrupt, Channel 2 of PWM, SCK of SPI1 Port P I/O, Interrupt, Channel 1 of PWM, MOSI of SPI1 Port P I/O, Interrupt, Channel 0 of PWM, MISO2 of SPI1 Port S I/O, SS of SPI0 Port S I/O, SCK of SPI0 Port S I/O, MOSI of SPI0 Port S I/O, MISO of SPI0 Port S I/O, TXD of SCI1 Port S I/O, RXD of SCI1 Port S I/O, TXD of SCI0 Port S I/O, RXD of SCI0 Port T I/O, Timer channels — — — — — — — — PWM7 PWM6 PWM5 PWM4 PWM3 PWM2 PWM1 PWM0 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — SCK2 SS2 MOSI2 MISO2 SS1 SCK1 MOSI1 MISO1 — — — — — — — — — Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... PM1 PM0 PP7 PP6 PP5 PP4 PP3 PP2 PP1 PP0 PS7 PS6 PS5 PS4 PS3 PS2 PS1 PS0 PT[7:0] For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. 2.3 Detailed Signal Descriptions 2.3.1 EXTAL, XTAL — Oscillator Pins EXTAL and XTAL are the crystal driver and external clock pins. On reset all the device clocks are derived from the EXTAL input frequency. XTAL is the crystal output. 2.3.2 RESET — External Reset Pin An active low bidirectional control signal, it acts as an input to initialize the MCU to a known start-up state, and an output when an internal MCU function causes a reset. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 2.3.3 TEST — Test Pin This input only pin is reserved for test. NOTE: The TEST pin must be tied to VSS in all applications. 2.3.4 VREGEN — Voltage Regulator Enable Pin This input only pin enables or disables the on-chip voltage regulator. 2.3.5 XFC — PLL Loop Filter Pin PLL loop filter, see A.5.3 Phase Locked Loop. If needed, contact your Motorola representative for the interactive application note to compute PLL loop filter elements. Any current leakage on this pin must be avoided. XFC R0 MCU CS VDDPLL VDDPLL CP Figure 2-3 PLL Loop Filter Connections For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 2.3.6 BKGD / TAGHI / MODC — Background Debug, Tag High, and Mode Pin The BKGD/TAGHI/MODC pin is used as a pseudo-open-drain pin for the background debug communication. In MCU expanded modes of operation when instruction tagging is on, an input low on this pin during the falling edge of E-clock tags the high half of the instruction word being read into the instruction queue. It is used as a MCU operating mode select pin during reset. The state of this pin is latched to the MODC bit at the rising edge of RESET. 2.3.7 PAD15 / AN15 / ETRIG1 — Port AD Input Pin of ATD1 PAD15 is a general purpose input pin and analog input AN7 of the analog to digital converter ATD1. It can act as an external trigger input for the ATD1. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 2.3.8 PAD[14:08] / AN[14:08] — Port AD Input Pins of ATD1 PAD14 - PAD08 are general purpose input pins and analog inputs AN[6:0] of the analog to digital converter ATD1. 2.3.9 PAD7 / AN07 / ETRIG0 — Port AD Input Pin of ATD0 PAD7 is a general purpose input pin and analog input AN7 of the analog to digital converter ATD0. It can act as an external trigger input for the ATD0. 2.3.10 PAD[06:00] / AN[06:00] — Port AD Input Pins of ATD0 PAD06 - PAD00 are general purpose input pins and analog inputs AN[6:0] of the analog to digital converter ATD0. 2.3.11 PA[7:0] / ADDR[15:8] / DATA[15:8] — Port A I/O Pins PA7-PA0 are general purpose input or output pins. In MCU expanded modes of operation, these pins are used for the multiplexed external address and data bus. 2.3.12 PB[7:0] / ADDR[7:0] / DATA[7:0] — Port B I/O Pins PB7-PB0 are general purpose input or output pins. In MCU expanded modes of operation, these pins are used for the multiplexed external address and data bus. 2.3.13 PE7 / NOACC / XCLKS — Port E I/O Pin 7 PE7 is a general purpose input or output pin. During MCU expanded modes of operation, the NOACC signal, when enabled, is used to indicate that the current bus cycle is an unused or “free” cycle. This signal will assert when the CPU is not using the bus. The XCLKS input selects between an external clock or oscillator configuration. The state of this pin is latched at the rising edge of RESET. If the input is a logic low the EXTAL pin is configured for an external For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. clock drive. If input is a logic high an oscillator circuit is configured on EXTAL and XTAL. Since this pin is an input with a pull-up device, if the pin is left floating, the default configuration is an oscillator circuit on EXTAL and XTAL. 2.3.14 PE6 / MODB / IPIPE1 — Port E I/O Pin 6 PE6 is a general purpose input or output pin. It is used as a MCU operating mode select pin during reset. The state of this pin is latched to the MODB bit at the rising edge of RESET. This pin is shared with the instruction queue tracking signal IPIPE1. This pin is an input with a pull-down device which is only active when RESET is low. 2.3.15 PE5 / MODA / IPIPE0 — Port E I/O Pin 5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... PE5 is a general purpose input or output pin. It is used as a MCU operating mode select pin during reset. The state of this pin is latched to the MODA bit at the rising edge of RESET. This pin is shared with the instruction queue tracking signal IPIPE0. This pin is an input with a pull-down device which is only active when RESET is low. 2.3.16 PE4 / ECLK — Port E I/O Pin 4 PE4 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to drive the internal bus clock ECLK. ECLK can be used as a timing reference. 2.3.17 PE3 / LSTRB / TAGLO — Port E I/O Pin 3 PE3 is a general purpose input or output pin. In MCU expanded modes of operation, LSTRB can be used for the low-byte strobe function to indicate the type of bus access and when instruction tagging is on, TAGLO is used to tag the low half of the instruction word being read into the instruction queue. 2.3.18 PE2 / R/W — Port E I/O Pin 2 PE2 is a general purpose input or output pin. In MCU expanded modes of operations, this pin drives the read/write output signal for the external bus. It indicates the direction of data on the external bus. 2.3.19 PE1 / IRQ — Port E Input Pin 1 PE1 is a general purpose input pin and the maskable interrupt request input that provides a means of applying asynchronous interrupt requests. This will wake up the MCU from STOP or WAIT mode. 2.3.20 PE0 / XIRQ — Port E Input Pin 0 PE0 is a general purpose input pin and the non-maskable interrupt request input that provides a means of applying asynchronous interrupt requests. This will wake up the MCU from STOP or WAIT mode. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 2.3.21 PH7 / KWH7 / SS2 — Port H I/O Pin 7 PH7 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as slave select pin SS of the Serial Peripheral Interface 2 (SPI2). 2.3.22 PH6 / KWH6 / SCK2 — Port H I/O Pin 6 PH6 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as serial clock pin SCK of the Serial Peripheral Interface 2 (SPI2). 2.3.23 PH5 / KWH5 / MOSI2 — Port H I/O Pin 5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... PH5 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as master output (during master mode) or slave input pin (during slave mode) MOSI of the Serial Peripheral Interface 2 (SPI2). 2.3.24 PH4 / KWH4 / MISO2 — Port H I/O Pin 4 PH4 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as master input (during master mode) or slave output (during slave mode) pin MISO of the Serial Peripheral Interface 2 (SPI2). 2.3.25 PH3 / KWH3 / SS1 — Port H I/O Pin 3 PH3 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as slave select pin SS of the Serial Peripheral Interface 1 (SPI1). 2.3.26 PH2 / KWH2 / SCK1 — Port H I/O Pin 2 PH2 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as serial clock pin SCK of the Serial Peripheral Interface 1 (SPI1). 2.3.27 PH1 / KWH1 / MOSI1 — Port H I/O Pin 1 PH1 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as master output (during master mode) or slave input pin (during slave mode) MOSI of the Serial Peripheral Interface 1 (SPI1). For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. 2.3.28 PH0 / KWH0 / MISO1 — Port H I/O Pin 0 PH0 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as master input (during master mode) or slave output (during slave mode) pin MISO of the Serial Peripheral Interface 1 (SPI1). 2.3.29 PJ7 / KWJ7 / SCL — PORT J I/O Pin 7 PJ7 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as the serial clock pin SCL of the IIC module. 2.3.30 PJ6 / KWJ6 / SDA — PORT J I/O Pin 6 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... PJ6 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as the serial data pin SDA of the IIC module. 2.3.31 PJ[1:0] / KWJ[1:0] — Port J I/O Pins [1:0] PJ1 and PJ0 are general purpose input or output pins. They can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. 2.3.32 PK7 / ECS / ROMONE — Port K I/O Pin 7 PK7 is a general purpose input or output pin. During MCU expanded modes of operation, this pin is used as the emulation chip select output (ECS). During MCU normal expanded modes of operation, this pin is used to enable the Flash EEPROM memory in the memory map (ROMONE). At the rising edge of RESET, the state of this pin is latched to the ROMON bit. 2.3.33 PK[5:0] / XADDR[19:14] — Port K I/O Pins [5:0] PK5-PK0 are general purpose input or output pins. In MCU expanded modes of operation, these pins provide the expanded address XADDR[19:14] for the external bus. 2.3.34 PM7 — Port M I/O Pin 7 PM7 is a general purpose input or output pin. 2.3.35 PM6 — Port M I/O Pin 6 PM6 is a general purpose input or output pin. 2.3.36 PM5 / SCK0 — Port M I/O Pin 5 PM5 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as the serial clock pin SCK of the Serial Peripheral Interface 0 (SPI0). For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 2.3.37 PM4 / MOSI0 — Port M I/O Pin 4 PM4 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as the master output (during master mode) or slave input pin (during slave mode) MOSI for the Serial Peripheral Interface 0 (SPI0). 2.3.38 PM3 / SS0 — Port M I/O Pin 3 PM3 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as the slave select pin SS of the Serial Peripheral Interface 0 (SPI0). 2.3.39 PM2 / MISO0 — Port M I/O Pin 2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... PM2 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as the master input (during master mode) or slave output pin (during slave mode) MISO for the Serial Peripheral Interface 0 (SPI0). 2.3.40 PM1 — Port M I/O Pin 1 PM1 is a general purpose input or output pin. 2.3.41 PM0 — Port M I/O Pin 0 PM0 is a general purpose input or output pin. 2.3.42 PP7 / KWP7 / PWM7 / SCK2 — Port P I/O Pin 7 PP7 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) channel 7 output. It can be configured as serial clock pin SCK of the Serial Peripheral Interface 2 (SPI2). 2.3.43 PP6 / KWP6 / PWM6 / SS2 — Port P I/O Pin 6 PP6 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) channel 6 output. It can be configured as slave select pin SS of the Serial Peripheral Interface 2 (SPI2). 2.3.44 PP5 / KWP5 / PWM5 / MOSI2 — Port P I/O Pin 5 PP5 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) channel 5 output. It can be configured as master output (during master mode) or slave input pin (during slave mode) MOSI of the Serial Peripheral Interface 2 (SPI2). For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. 2.3.45 PP4 / KWP4 / PWM4 / MISO2 — Port P I/O Pin 4 PP4 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) channel 4 output. It can be configured as master input (during master mode) or slave output (during slave mode) pin MISO of the Serial Peripheral Interface 2 (SPI2). 2.3.46 PP3 / KWP3 / PWM3 / SS1 — Port P I/O Pin 3 PP3 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) channel 3 output. It can be configured as slave select pin SS of the Serial Peripheral Interface 1 (SPI1). Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 2.3.47 PP2 / KWP2 / PWM2 / SCK1 — Port P I/O Pin 2 PP2 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) channel 2 output. It can be configured as serial clock pin SCK of the Serial Peripheral Interface 1 (SPI1). 2.3.48 PP1 / KWP1 / PWM1 / MOSI1 — Port P I/O Pin 1 PP1 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) channel 1 output. It can be configured as master output (during master mode) or slave input pin (during slave mode) MOSI of the Serial Peripheral Interface 1 (SPI1). 2.3.49 PP0 / KWP0 / PWM0 / MISO1 — Port P I/O Pin 0 PP0 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured to generate an interrupt causing the MCU to exit STOP or WAIT mode. It can be configured as Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) channel 0 output. It can be configured as master input (during master mode) or slave output (during slave mode) pin MISO of the Serial Peripheral Interface 1 (SPI1). 2.3.50 PS7 / SS0 — Port S I/O Pin 7 PS6 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as the slave select pin SS of the Serial Peripheral Interface 0 (SPI0). 2.3.51 PS6 / SCK0 — Port S I/O Pin 6 PS6 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as the serial clock pin SCK of the Serial Peripheral Interface 0 (SPI0). For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 2.3.52 PS5 / MOSI0 — Port S I/O Pin 5 PS5 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as master output (during master mode) or slave input pin (during slave mode) MOSI of the Serial Peripheral Interface 0 (SPI0). 2.3.53 PS4 / MISO0 — Port S I/O Pin 4 PS4 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as master input (during master mode) or slave output pin (during slave mode) MOSI of the Serial Peripheral Interface 0 (SPI0). 2.3.54 PS3 / TXD1 — Port S I/O Pin 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... PS3 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as the transmit pin TXD of Serial Communication Interface 1 (SCI1). 2.3.55 PS2 / RXD1 — Port S I/O Pin 2 PS2 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as the receive pin RXD of Serial Communication Interface 1 (SCI1). 2.3.56 PS1 / TXD0 — Port S I/O Pin 1 PS1 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as the transmit pin TXD of Serial Communication Interface 0 (SCI0). 2.3.57 PS0 / RXD0 — Port S I/O Pin 0 PS0 is a general purpose input or output pin. It can be configured as the receive pin RXD of Serial Communication Interface 0 (SCI0). 2.3.58 PT[7:0] / IOC[7:0] — Port T I/O Pins [7:0] PT7-PT0 are general purpose input or output pins. They can be configured as input capture or output compare pins IOC7-IOC0 of the Enhanced Capture Timer (ECT). 2.4 Power Supply Pins MC9S12A256 power and ground pins are described below. NOTE: All VSS pins must be connected together in the application. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. 2.4.1 VDDX, VSSX — Power & Ground Pins for I/O Drivers External power and ground for I/O drivers. Because fast signal transitions place high, short-duration current demands on the power supply, use bypass capacitors with high-frequency characteristics and place them as close to the MCU as possible. Bypass requirements depend on how heavily the MCU pins are loaded. 2.4.2 VDDR, VSSR — Power & Ground Pins for I/O Drivers & for Internal Voltage Regulator External power and ground for I/O drivers and input to the internal voltage regulator. Because fast signal transitions place high, short-duration current demands on the power supply, use bypass capacitors with high-frequency characteristics and place them as close to the MCU as possible. Bypass requirements depend on how heavily the MCU pins are loaded. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 2.4.3 VDD1, VDD2, VSS1, VSS2 — Core Power Pins Power is supplied to the MCU through VDD and VSS. Because fast signal transitions place high, short-duration current demands on the power supply, use bypass capacitors with high-frequency characteristics and place them as close to the MCU as possible. This 2.5V supply is derived from the internal voltage regulator. There is no static load on those pins allowed. The internal voltage regulator is turned off, if VREGEN is tied to ground. NOTE: No load allowed except for bypass capacitors. 2.4.4 VDDA, VSSA — Power Supply Pins for ATD and VREG VDDA, VSSA are the power supply and ground input pins for the voltage regulator and the analog to digital converter. It also provides the reference for the internal voltage regulator. This allows the supply voltage to the ATD and the reference voltage to be bypassed independently. 2.4.5 VRH, VRL — ATD Reference Voltage Input Pins VRH and VRL are the reference voltage input pins for the analog to digital converter. 2.4.6 VDDPLL, VSSPLL — Power Supply Pins for PLL Provides operating voltage and ground for the Oscillator and the Phased-Locked Loop. This allows the supply voltage to the Oscillator and PLL to be bypassed independently.This 2.5V voltage is generated by the internal voltage regulator. NOTE: No load allowed except for bypass capacitors. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 2.4.7 VREGEN — On Chip Voltage Regulator Enable Enables the internal 5V to 2.5V voltage regulator. If this pin is tied low, VDD1,2 and VDDPLL must be supplied externally. Table 2-2 MC9S12A256 Power and Ground Connection Summary Mnemonic VDD1, 2 VSS1, 2 VDDR VSSR VDDX VSSX VDDA VSSA VRL VRH VDDPLL VSSPLL VREGEN Pin Number 112-pin QFP 13, 65 14, 66 41 40 107 106 83 86 85 84 43 45 97 Nominal Voltage 2.5 V 0V 5.0 V 0V 5.0 V 0V 5.0 V 0V 0V 5.0 V 2.5 V 0V 5V Description Internal power and ground generated by internal regulator External power and ground, supply to pin drivers and internal voltage regulator. External power and ground, supply to pin drivers. Operating voltage and ground for the analog-to-digital converters and the reference for the internal voltage regulator, allows the supply voltage to the A/D to be bypassed independently. Reference voltages for the analog-to-digital converter. Provides operating voltage and ground for the Phased-Locked Loop. This allows the supply voltage to the PLL to be bypassed independently. Internal power and ground generated by internal regulator. Internal Voltage Regulator enable/disable Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Section 3 System Clock Description 3.1 Overview The Clock and Reset Generator provides the internal clock signals for the core and all peripheral modules. Figure 3-1 shows the clock connections from the CRG to all modules. Consult the HCS12 Clock and Reset Generator (CRG) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12CRGV3/D) for details on clock generation. 1/2 BDM Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... S12_CORE core clock Flash RAM EEPROM EXTAL ECT ATD0, 1 CRG bus clock oscillator clock XTAL PWM SCI0, SCI1 SPI0, 1, 2 IIC PIM Figure 3-1 Clock Connections For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Section 4 Modes of Operation 4.1 Overview Eight possible modes determine the operating configuration of the MC9S12A256. Each mode has an associated default memory map and external bus configuration. Three low power modes exist for the device. 4.2 Modes of Operation Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The operating mode out of reset is determined by the states of the MODC, MODB, and MODA pins during reset (Table 4-1). The MODC, MODB, and MODA bits in the MODE register show the current operating mode and provide limited mode switching during operation. The states of the MODC, MODB, and MODA pins are latched into these bits on the rising edge of the reset signal. Table 4-1 Mode Selection MODC 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 MODB 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 MODA 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Mode Description Special Single Chip, BDM allowed and ACTIVE. BDM is allowed in all other modes but a serial command is required to make BDM active. Emulation Expanded Narrow, BDM allowed Special Test (Expanded Wide), BDM allowed Emulation Expanded Wide, BDM allowed Normal Single Chip, BDM allowed Normal Expanded Narrow, BDM allowed Peripheral; BDM allowed but bus operations would cause bus conflicts (must not be used) Normal Expanded Wide, BDM allowed There are two basic types of operating modes: 1. Normal modes: Some registers and bits are protected against accidental changes. 2. Special modes: Allow greater access to protected control registers and bits for special purposes such as testing. A system development and debug feature, background debug mode (BDM), is available in all modes. In special single-chip mode, BDM is active immediately after reset. Some aspects of Port E are not mode dependent. Bit 1 of Port E is a general purpose input or the IRQ interrupt input. IRQ can be enabled by bits in the CPU’s condition codes register but it is inhibited at reset so this pin is initially configured as a simple input with a pull-up. Bit 0 of Port E is a general purpose input or the XIRQ interrupt input. XIRQ can be enabled by bits in the CPU’s condition codes register but it is inhibited at reset so this pin is initially configured as a simple input with a pull-up. The ESTR bit in the EBICTL register is set to one by reset in any user mode.This assures that the reset vector can be fetched For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. even if it is located in an external slow memory device. The PE6/MODB/IPIPE1 and PE5/MODA/IPIPE0 pins act as high-impedance mode select inputs during reset. The following paragraphs discuss the default bus setup and describe which aspects of the bus can be changed after reset on a per mode basis. 4.2.1 Normal Operating Modes These modes provide three operating configurations. Background debug is available in all three modes, but must first be enabled for some operations by means of a BDM background command, then activated. 4.2.1.1 Normal Single-Chip Mode Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... There is no external expansion bus in this mode. All pins of Ports A, B and E are configured as general purpose I/O pins Port E bits 1 and 0 are available as general purpose input only pins with internal pull-ups enabled. All other pins of Port E are bidirectional I/O pins that are initially configured as high-impedance inputs with internal pull-ups enabled. Ports A and B are configured as high-impedance inputs with their internal pull-ups disabled. The pins associated with Port E bits 6, 5, 3, and 2 cannot be configured for their alternate functions IPIPE1, IPIPE0, LSTRB, and R/W while the MCU is in single chip modes. In single chip modes, the associated control bits PIPOE, LSTRE, and RDWE are reset to zero. Writing the opposite state into them in single chip mode does not change the operation of the associated Port E pins. In normal single chip mode, the MODE register is writable one time. This allows a user program to change the bus mode to narrow or wide expanded mode and/or turn on visibility of internal accesses. Port E, bit 4 can be configured for a free-running E clock output by clearing NECLK=0. Typically the only use for an E clock output while the MCU is in single chip modes would be to get a constant speed clock for use in the external application system. 4.2.1.2 Normal Expanded Wide Mode In expanded wide modes, Ports A and B are configured as a 16-bit multiplexed address and data bus and Port E bit 4 is configured as the E clock output signal. These signals allow external memory and peripheral devices to be interfaced to the MCU. Port E pins other than PE4/ECLK are configured as general purpose I/O pins (initially high-impedance inputs with internal pull-up resistors enabled). Control bits PIPOE, NECLK, LSTRE, and RDWE in the PEAR register can be used to configure Port E pins to act as bus control outputs instead of general purpose I/O pins. It is possible to enable the pipe status signals on Port E bits 6 and 5 by setting the PIPOE bit in PEAR, but it would be unusual to do so in this mode. Development systems where pipe status signals are monitored would typically use the special variation of this mode. The Port E bit 2 pin can be reconfigured as the R/W bus control signal by writing “1” to the RDWE bit in PEAR. If the expanded system includes external devices that can be written, such as RAM, the RDWE bit For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 would need to be set before any attempt to write to an external location. If there are no writable resources in the external system, PE2 can be left as a general purpose I/O pin. The Port E bit 3 pin can be reconfigured as the LSTRB bus control signal by writing “1” to the LSTRE bit in PEAR. The default condition of this pin is a general purpose input because the LSTRB function is not needed in all expanded wide applications. The Port E bit 4 pin is initially configured as ECLK output with stretch. The E clock output function depends upon the settings of the NECLK bit in the PEAR register, the IVIS bit in the MODE register and the ESTR bit in the EBICTL register. The E clock is available for use in external select decode logic or as a constant speed clock for use in the external application system. 4.2.1.3 Normal Expanded Narrow Mode Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... This mode is used for lower cost production systems that use 8-bit wide external EPROMs or RAMs. Such systems take extra bus cycles to access 16-bit locations but this may be preferred over the extra cost of additional external memory devices. Ports A and B are configured as a 16-bit address bus and Port A is multiplexed with data. Internal visibility is not available in this mode because the internal cycles would need to be split into two 8-bit cycles. Since the PEAR register can only be written one time in this mode, use care to set all bits to the desired states during the single allowed write. The PE3/LSTRB pin is always a general purpose I/O pin in normal expanded narrow mode. Although it is possible to write the LSTRE bit in PEAR to “1” in this mode, the state of LSTRE is overridden and Port E bit 3 cannot be reconfigured as the LSTRB output. It is possible to enable the pipe status signals on Port E bits 6 and 5 by setting the PIPOE bit in PEAR, but it would be unusual to do so in this mode. LSTRB would also be needed to fully understand system activity. Development systems where pipe status signals are monitored would typically use special expanded wide mode or occasionally special expanded narrow mode. The PE4/ECLK pin is initially configured as ECLK output with stretch. The E clock output function depends upon the settings of the NECLK bit in the PEAR register, the IVIS bit in the MODE register and the ESTR bit in the EBICTL register. In normal expanded narrow mode, the E clock is available for use in external select decode logic or as a constant speed clock for use in the external application system. The PE2/R/W pin is initially configured as a general purpose input with a pull-up but this pin can be reconfigured as the R/W bus control signal by writing “1” to the RDWE bit in PEAR. If the expanded narrow system includes external devices that can be written such as RAM, the RDWE bit would need to be set before any attempt to write to an external location. If there are no writable resources in the external system, PE2 can be left as a general purpose I/O pin. 4.2.1.4 Internal Visibility Internal visibility is available when the MCU is operating in expanded wide modes or emulation narrow mode. It is not available in single-chip, peripheral or normal expanded narrow modes. Internal visibility is enabled by setting the IVIS bit in the MODE register. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. If an internal access is made while E, R/W, and LSTRB are configured as bus control outputs and internal visibility is off (IVIS=0), E will remain low for the cycle, R/W will remain high, and address, data and the LSTRB pins will remain at their previous state. When internal visibility is enabled (IVIS=1), certain internal cycles will be blocked from going external. During cycles when the BDM is selected, R/W will remain high, data will maintain its previous state, and address and LSTRB pins will be updated with the internal value. During CPU no access cycles when the BDM is not driving, R/W will remain high, and address, data and the LSTRB pins will remain at their previous state. 4.2.1.5 Emulation Expanded Wide Mode In expanded wide modes, Ports A and B are configured as a 16-bit multiplexed address and data bus and Port E provides bus control and status signals. These signals allow external memory and peripheral devices to be interfaced to the MCU. These signals can also be used by a logic analyzer to monitor the progress of application programs. The bus control related pins in Port E (PE7/NOACC, PE6/MODB/IPIPE1, PE5/MODA/IPIPE0, PE4/ECLK, PE3/LSTRB/TAGLO, and PE2/R/W) are all configured to serve their bus control output functions rather than general purpose I/O. Notice that writes to the bus control enable bits in the PEAR register in emulation mode are restricted. 4.2.1.6 Emulation Expanded Narrow Mode Expanded narrow modes are intended to allow connection of single 8-bit external memory devices for lower cost systems that do not need the performance of a full 16-bit external data bus. Accesses to internal resources that have been mapped external (i.e., PORTA, PORTB, DDRA, DDRB, PORTE, DDRE, PEAR, PUCR, RDRIV) will be accessed with a 16-bit data bus on Ports A and B. Accesses of 16-bit external words to addresses which are normally mapped external will be broken into two separate 8-bit accesses using Port A as an 8-bit data bus. Internal operations continue to use full 16-bit data paths. They are only visible externally as 16-bit information if IVIS=1. Ports A and B are configured as multiplexed address and data output ports. During external accesses, address A15, data D15 and D7 are associated with PA7, address A0 is associated with PB0 and data D8 and D0 are associated with PA0. During internal visible accesses and accesses to internal resources that have been mapped external, address A15 and data D15 is associated with PA7 and address A0 and data D0 is associated with PB0. The bus control related pins in Port E (PE7/NOACC, PE6/MODB/IPIPE1, PE5/MODA/IPIPE0, PE4/ECLK, PE3/LSTRB/TAGLO, and PE2/R/W) are all configured to serve their bus control output functions rather than general purpose I/O. Notice that writes to the bus control enable bits in the PEAR register in emulation mode are restricted. The main difference between special modes and normal modes is that some of the bus control and system control signals cannot be written in emulation modes. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 4.2.2 Special Operating Modes There are two special operating modes that correspond to normal operating modes. These operating modes are commonly used in factory testing and system development. 4.2.2.1 Special Single-Chip Mode When the MCU is reset in this mode, the background debug mode is enabled and active. The MCU does not fetch the reset vector and execute application code as it would in other modes. Instead the active background mode is in control of CPU execution and BDM firmware is waiting for additional serial commands through the BKGD pin. When a serial command instructs the MCU to return to normal execution, the system will be configured as described below unless the reset states of internal control registers have been changed through background commands after the MCU was reset. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... There is no external expansion bus after reset in this mode. Ports A and B are initially simple bidirectional I/O pins that are configured as high-impedance inputs with internal pull-ups disabled; however, writing to the mode select bits in the MODE register (which is allowed in special modes) can change this after reset. All of the Port E pins (except PE4/ECLK) are initially configured as general purpose high-impedance inputs with pull-ups enabled. PE4/ECLK is configured as the E clock output in this mode. The pins associated with Port E bits 6, 5, 3, and 2 cannot be configured for their alternate functions IPIPE1, IPIPE0, LSTRB, and R/W while the MCU is in single chip modes. In single chip modes, the associated control bits PIPOE, LSTRE and RDWE are reset to zero. Writing the opposite value into these bits in single chip mode does not change the operation of the associated Port E pins. Port E, bit 4 can be configured for a free-running E clock output by clearing NECLK=0. Typically the only use for an E clock output while the MCU is in single chip modes would be to get a constant speed clock for use in the external application system. 4.2.2.2 Special Test Mode In expanded wide modes, Ports A and B are configured as a 16-bit multiplexed address and data bus and Port E provides bus control and status signals. In special test mode, the write protection of many control bits is lifted so that they can be thoroughly tested without needing to go through reset. 4.2.3 Test Operating Mode There is a test operating mode in which an external master, such as an I.C. tester, can control the on-chip peripherals. 4.2.3.1 Peripheral Mode This mode is intended for Motorola factory testing of the MCU. In this mode, the CPU is inactive and an external (tester) bus master drives address, data and bus control signals in through Ports A, B and E. In effect, the whole MCU acts as if it was a peripheral under control of an external CPU. This allows faster testing of on-chip memory and peripherals than previous testing methods. Since the mode control register is not accessible in peripheral mode, the only way to change to another mode is to reset the MCU into a different mode. Background debugging should not be used while the MCU is in special peripheral mode For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. as internal bus conflicts between BDM and the external master can cause improper operation of both functions. 4.3 Security The device will make available a security feature preventing the unauthorized read and write of the memory contents. This feature allows: • • • • Protection of the contents of FLASH, Protection of the contents of EEPROM, Operation in single-chip mode, Operation from external memory with internal FLASH and EEPROM disabled. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The user must be reminded that part of the security must lie with the user’s code. An extreme example would be user’s code that dumps the contents of the internal program. This code would defeat the purpose of security. At the same time the user may also wish to put a back door in the user’s program. An example of this is the user downloads a key through the SCI which allows access to a programming routine that updates parameters stored in EEPROM. 4.3.1 Securing the Microcontroller Once the user has programmed the FLASH and EEPROM (if desired), the part can be secured by programming the security bits located in the FLASH module. These non-volatile bits will keep the part secured through resetting the part and through powering down the part. The security byte resides in a portion of the Flash array. Check the HCS12 256K FLASH Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12FTS256KV2/D) for more details on the security configuration. 4.3.2 Operation of the Secured Microcontroller 4.3.2.1 Normal Single Chip Mode This will be the most common usage of the secured part. Everything will appear the same as if the part was not secured with the exception of BDM operation. The BDM operation will be blocked. 4.3.2.2 Executing from External Memory The user may wish to execute from external space with a secured microcontroller. This is accomplished by resetting directly into expanded mode. The internal FLASH and EEPROM will be disabled. BDM operations will be blocked. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 4.3.3 Unsecuring the Microcontroller In order to unsecure the microcontroller, the internal FLASH and EEPROM must be erased. This can be done through an external program in expanded mode. Once the user has erased the FLASH and EEPROM, the part can be reset into special single chip mode. This invokes a program that verifies the erasure of the internal FLASH and EEPROM. Once this program completes, the user can erase and program the FLASH security bits to the unsecured state. This is generally done through the BDM, but the user could also change to expanded mode (by writing the mode bits through the BDM) and jumping to an external program (again through BDM commands). Note that if the part goes through a reset before the security bits are reprogrammed to the unsecure state, the part will be secured again. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 4.4 Low Power Modes Consult the respective Block User Guide for information on the module behavior in Stop, Pseudo Stop, and Wait Mode. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Section 5 Resets and Interrupts 5.1 Overview Consult the Exception Processing section of the HCS12 Core User Guide (Motorola order number, HCS12COREUG/D) for information on resets and interrupts. 5.2 Vectors 5.2.1 Vector Table Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Table 5-1 lists interrupt sources and vectors in default order of priority. Table 5-1 Interrupt Vector Locations Vector Address $FFFE, $FFFF $FFFC, $FFFD $FFFA, $FFFB $FFF8, $FFF9 $FFF6, $FFF7 $FFF4, $FFF5 $FFF2, $FFF3 $FFF0, $FFF1 $FFEE, $FFEF $FFEC, $FFED $FFEA, $FFEB $FFE8, $FFE9 $FFE6, $FFE7 $FFE4, $FFE5 $FFE2, $FFE3 $FFE0, $FFE1 $FFDE, $FFDF $FFDC, $FFDD $FFDA, $FFDB $FFD8, $FFD9 $FFD6, $FFD7 $FFD4, $FFD5 $FFD2, $FFD3 $FFD0, $FFD1 $FFCE, $FFCF $FFCC, $FFCD $FFCA, $FFCB Interrupt Source Reset Clock Monitor fail reset COP failure reset Unimplemented instruction trap SWI XIRQ IRQ Real Time Interrupt Enhanced Capture Timer channel 0 Enhanced Capture Timer channel 1 Enhanced Capture Timer channel 2 Enhanced Capture Timer channel 3 Enhanced Capture Timer channel 4 Enhanced Capture Timer channel 5 Enhanced Capture Timer channel 6 Enhanced Capture Timer channel 7 Enhanced Capture Timer overflow Pulse accumulator A overflow Pulse accumulator input edge SPI0 SCI0 SCI1 ATD0 ATD1 Port J Port H Modulus Down Counter underflow CCR Mask None None None None None X-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit Local Enable None PLLCTL (CME, SCME) COP rate select None None None IRQCR (IRQEN) CRGINT (RTIE) TIE (C0I) TIE (C1I) TIE (C2I) TIE (C3I) TIE (C4I) TIE (C5I) TIE (C6I) TIE (C7I) TSRC2 (TOF) PACTL (PAOVI) PACTL (PAI) SP0CR1 (SPIE, SPTIE) SC0CR2 (TIE, TCIE, RIE, ILIE) SC1CR2 (TIE, TCIE, RIE, ILIE) ATD0CTL2 (ASCIE) ATD1CTL2 (ASCIE) PTJIF (PTJIE) PTHIF(PTHIE) MCCTL(MCZI) HPRIO Value to Elevate – – – – – – $F2 $F0 $EE $EC $EA $E8 $E6 $E4 $E2 $E0 $DE $DC $DA $D8 $D6 $D4 $D2 $D0 $CE $CC $CA For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 $FFC8, $FFC9 $FFC6, $FFC7 $FFC4, $FFC5 $FFC2, $FFC3 $FFC0, $FFC1 $FFBE, $FFBF $FFBC, $FFBD $FFBA, $FFBB $FFB8, $FFB9 $FF90 to $FFB7 $FF8E, $FF8F $FF8C, $FF8D $FF80 to $FF8B Port P Interrupt IIC Bus SPI1 SPI2 EEPROM FLASH Semiconductor, Inc. I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit Reserved I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit I-Bit Reserved I-Bit I-Bit Reserved PTPIF (PTPIE) PWMSDN (PWMIE) $8E $8C IBCR (IBIE) SP1CR1 (SPIE, SPTIE) SP2CR1 (SPIE, SPTIE) EECTL(CCIE, CBEIE) FCTL(CCIE, CBEIE) $C0 $BE $BC $BA $B8 PBCTL(PBOVI) CRGINT(LOCKIE) CRGINT (SCMIE) $C8 $C6 $C4 Pulse Accumulator B Overflow CRG PLL lock CRG Self Clock Mode PWM Emergency Shutdown Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5.3 Effects of Reset When a reset occurs, MCU registers and control bits are changed to known start-up states. Refer to the respective module Block User Guides for register reset states. 5.3.1 I/O Pins Refer to the HCS12 Core User Guide (Motorola order number, HCS12COREUG/D) for mode dependent pin configuration of port A, B, E and K out of reset. Refer to the MC9S12A256 Port Integration Module (PIM) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12A256PIMV1/D) for reset configurations of all peripheral module ports. NOTE: For devices assembled in 80-pin QFP packages all non-bonded out pins should be configured as outputs after reset in order to avoid current drawn from floating inputs. Refer to Table 2-1 for affected pins. 5.3.2 Memory Refer to Table 1-1 for locations of the memories depending on the operating mode after reset. The RAM array is not automatically initialized out of reset. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Section 6 HCS12 Core Block Description Consult the HCS12 Core User Guide (Motorola order number, HCS12COREUG/D) for information about the HCS12 core modules, i.e., central processing unit (CPU), interrupt module (INT), module mapping control module (MMC), multiplexed external bus interface (MEBI), breakpoint module (BKP) and background debug mode module (BDM). Section 7 Clock and Reset Generator (CRG) Block Description Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Consult the HCS12 Clock and Reset Generator (CRG) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12CRGV3/D) for information about the Clock and Reset Generator module. 7.1 Device-Specific Information 7.1.1 XCLKS The XCLKS input signal is active low (see 2.3.13 PE7 / NOACC / XCLKS — Port E I/O Pin 7). Refer to Figure 2-3. Pierce Oscillator Connections (XCLKS=1) of the HCS12 Clock and Reset Generator (CRG) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12CRGV3/D). Section 8 Enhanced Capture Timer (ECT) Block Description Consult the HCS12 16-Bit, 8-Channel Enhanced Capture Timer (ECT) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12ECT16B8CV1/D) for information about the Enhanced Capture Timer module. Section 9 Analog to Digital Converter (ATD) Block Description There are two Analog to Digital Converters (ATD1 and ATD0) implemented on the MC9S12A256. Consult the HCS12 10-Bit, 8-Channel Analog-to-Digital Converter (ATD) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12ATD10B8CV2/D) for information about each Analog to Digital Converter module. Section 10 Inter-IC Bus (IIC) Block Description Consult the HCS12 Inter-Integrated Circuit (IIC) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12IICV2/D) for information about the Inter-IC Bus module. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Section 11 Serial Communications Interface (SCI) Block Description There are two Serial Communications Interfaces (SCI1 and SCI0) implemented on the MC9S12A256 device. Consult the HCS12 Serial Communications Interface (SCI) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12SCIV2/D) for information about each Serial Communications Interface module. Section 12 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Block Description Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... There are three Serial Peripheral Interfaces(SPI2, SPI1 and SPI0) implemented on MC9S12A256. Consult the HCS12 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12SPIV2/D) for information about each Serial Peripheral Interface module. Section 13 Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) Block Description Consult the HCS12 8-Bit, 8-Channel Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12PWM8B8CV1/D) for information about the Pulse Width Modulator module. Section 14 Flash EEPROM 256K Block Description Consult the HCS12 256K FLASH Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12FTS256KV1/D) for information about the flash module. Section 15 EEPROM 4K Block Description Consult the HCS12 4K EEPROM Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12EETS4KV1/D) for information about the EEPROM module. Section 16 RAM Block Description This module supports single-cycle misaligned word accesses. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Section 17 Port Integration Module (PIM) Block Description Consult the MC9S12A128 Port Integration Module (PIM) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12A128PIMV1/D) for information about the Port Integration Module. Section 18 Voltage Regulator (VREG) Block Description Consult the HCS12 Voltage Regulator Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12VREGV1/D) for information about the dual output linear voltage regulator. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Component C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 R1 Q1 Purpose VDD1 filter cap VDD2 filter cap VDDA filter cap VDDR filter cap VDDPLL filter cap VDDX filter cap OSC load cap OSC load cap PLL loop filter cap PLL loop filter cap Type ceramic X7R ceramic X7R ceramic X7R X7R/tantalum ceramic X7R X7R/tantalum Value 100 .. 220nF 100 .. 220nF 100nF >=100nF 100nF >=100nF See A.5.3 Phase Locked Loop DC cutoff cap PLL loop filter res Quartz For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. The PCB must be carefully laid out to ensure proper operation of the voltage regulator as well as of the MCU itself. The following rules must be observed: • • • • • • • Every supply pair must be decoupled by a ceramic capacitor connected as near as possible to the corresponding pins(C1 - C6). Central point of the ground star should be the VSSR pin. Use low ohmic low inductance connections between VSS1, VSS2, and VSSR. VSSPLL must be directly connected to VSSR. Keep traces of VSSPLL, EXTAL and XTAL as short as possible and occupied board area for C7, C8, C11 and Q1 as small as possible. Do not place other signals or supplies underneath area occupied by C7, C8, C10 and Q1 and the connection area to the MCU. Central power input should be fed in at the VDDA/VSSA pins. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Figure 18-1 Recommended PCB Layout 112 LQFP VREGEN VDDX C6 VSSX VSSA C3 VDDA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... VDD1 C1 VSS1 VSS2 C2 VDD2 VSSR C4 C5 VDDR C11 C8 Q1 C7 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com C9 R1 C10 VSSPLL VDDPLL MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Figure 18-2 Recommended PCB Layout for 80 QFP VDDX C6 VREGEN VSSX VSSA C3 VDDA VDD1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... C1 VSS2 C2 VSS1 VDD2 VSSR C4 C5 VDDR C11 C8 C7 Q1 C10 R1 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com C9 VSSPLL VDDPLL Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Appendix A Electrical Characteristics A.1 General NOTE: The electrical characteristics given in this section are preliminary and should be used as a guide only. Values cannot be guaranteed by Motorola and are subject to change without notice. This supplement contains the most accurate electrical information for the MC9S12A256 microcontroller available at the time of publication. The information should be considered PRELIMINARY and is subject to change. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... This introduction is intended to give an overview on several common topics like power supply, current injection etc. A.1.1 Parameter Classification The electrical parameters shown in this supplement are guaranteed by various methods. To give the customer a better understanding the following classification is used and the parameters are tagged accordingly in the tables where appropriate. NOTE: P: Those parameters are guaranteed during production testing on each individual device. C: Those parameters are achieved by the design characterization by measuring a statistically relevant sample size across process variations. T: Those parameters are achieved by design characterization on a small sample size from typical devices under typical conditions unless otherwise noted. All values shown in the typical column are within this category. D: Those parameters are derived mainly from simulations. This classification is shown in the column labeled “C” in the parameter tables where appropriate. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.1.2 Power Supply The MC9S12A256 utilizes several pins to supply power to the I/O ports, A/D converter, oscillator and PLL as well as the digital core. The VDDA, VSSA pair supplies the A/D converter and the resistor ladder of the internal voltage regulator. The VDDX, VSSX, VDDR, and VSSR pairs supply the I/O pins, VDDR supplies also the internal voltage regulator. VDD1, VSS1, VDD2, and VSS2 are the supply pins for the digital logic, VDDPLL, VSSPLL supply the oscillator and the PLL. VSS1 and VSS2 are internally connected by metal. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... VDDA, VDDX, VDDR as well as VSSA, VSSX, VSSR are connected by anti-parallel diodes for ESD protection. NOTE: In the following context VDD5 is used for either VDDA, VDDR, and VDDX; VSS5 is used for either VSSA, VSSR, and VSSX unless otherwise noted. IDD5 denotes the sum of the currents flowing into the VDDA, VDDX and VDDR pins. VDD is used for VDD1, VDD2, and VDDPLL, VSS is used for VSS1, VSS2, and VSSPLL. IDD is used for the sum of the currents flowing into VDD1 and VDD2. A.1.3 Pins There are four groups of functional pins. A.1.3.1 5V I/O pins Those I/O pins have a nominal level of 5V. This class of pins is comprised of all port I/O pins, the analog inputs, BKGD and the RESET pins.The internal structure of all those pins is identical, however some of the functionality may be disabled. E.g. for the analog inputs the output drivers, pull-up and pull-down resistors are disabled permanently. A.1.3.2 Analog Reference This group is made up by the VRH and VRL pins. A.1.3.3 Oscillator The pins XFC, EXTAL, XTAL dedicated to the oscillator have a nominal 2.5V level. They are supplied by VDDPLL. A.1.3.4 TEST This pin is used for production testing only. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 A.1.3.5 VREGEN This pin is used to enable the on chip voltage regulator. A.1.4 Current Injection Power supply must maintain regulation within operating VDD5 or VDD range during instantaneous and operating maximum current conditions. If positive injection current (Vin > VDD5) is greater than IDD5, the injection current may flow out of VDD5 and could result in external power supply going out of regulation. Ensure external VDD5 load will shunt current greater than maximum injection current. This will be the greatest risk when the MCU is not consuming power; e.g., if no system clock is present, or if clock rate is very low which would reduce overall power consumption. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... A.1.5 Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. A functional operation under or outside those maxima is not guaranteed. Stress beyond those limits may affect the reliability or cause permanent damage of the device. This device contains circuitry protecting against damage due to high static voltage or electrical fields; however, it is advised that normal precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltages higher than maximum-rated voltages to this high-impedance circuit. Reliability of operation is enhanced if unused inputs are tied to an appropriate logic voltage level (e.g., either VSS5 or VDD5). For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Table A-1 Absolute Maximum Ratings1 Num 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Rating I/O, Regulator and Analog Supply Voltage Digital Logic Supply Voltage 2 PLL Supply Voltage 2 Voltage difference V DDX to VDDR and VDDA Voltage difference V SSX to VSSR and VSSA Digital I/O Input Voltage Analog Reference XFC, EXTAL, XTAL inputs TEST input Instantaneous Maximum Current Single pin limit for all digital I/O pins 3 Instantaneous Maximum Current Single pin limit for XFC, EXTAL, XTAL4 Instantaneous Maximum Current Single pin limit for TEST 5 Storage Temperature Range Symbol VDD5 VDD VDDPLL ∆VDDX ∆VSSX VIN VRH, VRL VILV VTEST ID I Min -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -25 -25 Max 6.0 3.0 3.0 0.3 0.3 6.0 6.0 3.0 10.0 +25 +25 Unit V V V V V V V V V mA mA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 9 10 11 DL 12 13 I DT -0.25 – 65 0 155 mA °C T stg NOTES: 1. Beyond absolute maximum ratings device might be damaged. 2. The device contains an internal voltage regulator to generate the logic and PLL supply out of the I/O supply. The absolute maximum ratings apply when the device is powered from an external source. 3. All digital I/O pins are internally clamped to VSSX and V DDX, V SSR and VDDR or VSSA and V DDA. 4. Those pins are internally clamped to VSSPLL and VDDPLL. 5. This pin is clamped low to VSSPLL, but not clamped high. This pin must be tied low in applications. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 A.1.6 ESD Protection and Latch-up Immunity All ESD testing is in conformity with CDF-AEC-Q100 Stress test qualification for Automotive Grade Integrated Circuits. During the device qualification ESD stresses were performed for the Human Body Model (HBM), the Machine Model (MM) and the Charge Device Model. A device will be defined as a failure if after exposure to ESD pulses the device no longer meets the device specification. Complete DC parametric and functional testing is performed per the applicable device specification at room temperature followed by hot temperature, unless specified otherwise in the device specification. Table A-2 ESD and Latch-up Test Conditions Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Model Series Resistance Description Symbol R1 C R1 C - Value 1500 100 3 3 0 200 3 3 -2.5 7.5 Unit Ohm pF Storage Capacitance Human Body Number of Pulse per pin positive negative Series Resistance Storage Capacitance Machine Number of Pulse per pin positive negative Minimum input voltage limit Latch-up Maximum input voltage limit Ohm pF V V Table A-3 ESD and Latch-Up Protection Characteristics Num C 1 2 3 4 Rating Symbol VHBM VMM VCDM ILAT Min 2000 200 500 +100 -100 +200 -200 Max - Unit V V V mA C Human Body Model (HBM) C Machine Model (MM) C Charge Device Model (CDM) Latch-up Current at TA = 125°C C positive negative Latch-up Current at TA = 27°C C positive negative 5 ILAT - mA For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.1.7 Operating Conditions This chapter describes the operating conditions of the device. Unless otherwise noted those conditions apply to all the following data. NOTE: Please refer to the temperature rating of the device (C) with regards to the ambient temperature TA and the junction temperature TJ. For power dissipation calculations refer to A.1.8 Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics. Table A-4 Operating Conditions Rating I/O, Regulator and Analog Supply Voltage Symbol VDD5 VDD VDDPLL ∆VDDX ∆VSSX fosc fbus Min 4.5 2.35 2.35 -0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.5 Typ 5 2.5 2.5 0 0 - Max 5.25 2.75 2.75 0.1 0.1 16 25 Unit V V V V V MHz MHz Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Digital Logic Supply Voltage 1 PLL Supply Voltage 2 Voltage Difference VDDX to VDDR and VDDA Voltage Difference VSSX to VSSR and VSSA Oscillator Bus Frequency MC9S12A256C Operating Junction Temperature Range Operating Ambient Temperature Range 2 T T J -40 -40 27 100 85 °C °C A NOTES: 1. The device contains an internal voltage regulator to generate the logic and PLL supply out of the I/O supply. The absolute maximum ratings apply when this regulator is disabled and the device is powered from an external source. 2. Please refer to A.1.8 Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics for more details about the relation between ambient temperature TA and device junction temperature TJ. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 A.1.8 Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics Power dissipation and thermal characteristics are closely related. The user must assure that the maximum operating junction temperature is not exceeded. The average chip-junction temperature (TJ) in °C can be obtained from: T J = T + (P • Θ ) A D JA T J = Junction Temperature, [ ° C ] T A = Ambient Temperature, [ ° C ] P D = Total Chip Power Dissipation, [W] Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Θ JA = Package Thermal Resistance, [ ° C/W] The total power dissipation can be calculated from: P D =P INT +P IO P INT = Chip Internal Power Dissipation, [W] Two cases with internal voltage regulator enabled and disabled must be considered: 1. Internal Voltage Regulator disabled P INT =I DD ⋅V DD IO +I = DDPLL ⋅V DDPLL +I DDA ⋅V DDA P ∑ RDSON ⋅ IIOi i 2 PIO is the sum of all output currents on I/O ports associated with VDDX and VDDR. For RDSON is valid: R V OL = ----------- ;for outputs driven low DSON I OL respectively R V –V DD5 OH = ----------------------------------- ;for outputs driven high DSON I OH ⋅V ⋅V 2. Internal voltage regulator enabled P INT =I DDR DDR +I DDA DDA For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. IDDR is the current shown in Table A-7 and not the overall current flowing into VDDR, which additionally contains the current flowing into the external loads with output high. P IO = ∑ RDSON ⋅ IIOi i 2 PIO is the sum of all output currents on I/O ports associated with VDDX and VDDR. Table A-5 Thermal Package Characteristics1 Num C 1 Rating Symbol θJA θJA θJA θJA Min - Typ - Max 54 41 51 41 Unit o T Thermal Resistance LQFP112, single sided PCB2 T Thermal Resistance LQFP112, double sided PCB with 2 internal planes3 C/W C/W C/W C/W Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 2 3 4 o T Thermal Resistance LQFP 80, single sided PCB T Thermal Resistance LQFP 80, double sided PCB with 2 internal planes o o NOTES: 1. The values for thermal resistance are achieved by package simulations 2. PC Board according to EIA/JEDEC Standard 51-2 3. PC Board according to EIA/JEDEC Standard 51-7 A.1.9 I/O Characteristics This section describes the characteristics of all 5V I/O pins. All parameters are not always applicable, e.g., not all pins feature pull up/down resistances. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Table A-6 5V I/O Characteristics Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted Num C 1 P Input High Voltage T Input High Voltage 2 P Input Low Voltage T Input Low Voltage 3 C Input Hysteresis Rating Symbol VIH VIH V IL Min 0.65*VDD5 VSS5 - 0.3 Typ 250 Max VDD5 + 0.3 0.35*VDD5 - Unit V V V V mV VIL V HYS Input Leakage Current (pins in high impedance input Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 4 P mode)1 V =V in I or V SS5 in –2.5 - 2.5 µA DD5 5 Output High Voltage (pins in output mode) P Partial Drive IOH = +2mA Full Drive IOH = +10mA Output Low Voltage (pins in output mode) P Partial Drive IOL = +2mA Full Drive IOL = +10mA Internal Pull Up Device Current, P tested at V M ax. IL Internal Pull Up Device Current, P tested at V M in. IH Internal Pull Down Device Current, P tested at V M in. IH Internal Pull Down Device Current, P tested at V M ax. IL D Input Capacitance Injection current2 T Single Pin limit Total Device Limit. Sum of all injected currents P Port H, J, P Interrupt Input Pulse filtered3 P Port H, J, P Interrupt Input Pulse passed3 V OH VDD5 – 0.8 - - V 6 V OL - - 0.8 V 7 IPUL IPUH IPDH IPDL Cin IICS IICP tPULSE tPULSE - - -130 µA µA µA µA pF 8 -10 - - 9 - - 130 10 11 10 6 - 12 -2.5 -25 - 2.5 25 3 mA µs µs 13 14 10 NOTES: 1. Maximum leakage current occurs at maximum operating temperature. Current decreases by approximately one-half for each 8°C to 12°C in the temperature range from 50°C to 125°C. 2. Refer to A.1.4 Current Injection, for more details 3. Parameter only applies in STOP or Pseudo STOP mode. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.1.10 Supply Currents This section describes the current consumption characteristics of the device as well as the conditions for the measurements. A.1.10.1 Measurement Conditions All measurements are without output loads. Unless otherwise noted the currents are measured in single chip mode, internal voltage regulator enabled and at 25MHz bus frequency using a 4MHz oscillator in Colpitts mode. Production testing is performed using a square wave signal at the EXTAL input. A.1.10.2 Additional Remarks Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... In expanded modes the currents flowing in the system are highly dependent on the load at the address, data and control signals as well as on the duty cycle of those signals. No generally applicable numbers can be given. A very good estimate is to take the single chip currents and add the currents due to the external loads. Table A-7 Supply Current Characteristics Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted Num C 1 P Rating Run supply currents Single Chip, Internal regulator enabled Wait Supply current All modules enabled, PLL on only RTI enabled 1 Pseudo Stop Current (RTI and COP disabled) 1, 2 -40°C 27°C 70°C 85°C “C” Temp Option 100°C 105°C Pseudo Stop Current (RTI and COP enabled) 1, 2 -40°C 27°C 70°C 85°C 105°C Stop Current 2 -40°C 27°C 70°C 85°C “C” Temp Option 100°C 105°C Symbol IDD5 IDDW Min Typ Max 65 40 5 Unit mA 2 P P C P C C P C C C C C C mA 3 IDDPS 370 400 450 550 600 650 570 600 650 750 850 500 µA 1600 4 IDDPS µA 5 C P C C P C IDDS 12 25 100 130 160 200 100 µA 1200 NOTES: 1. PLL off 2. At those low power dissipation levels TJ = TA can be assumed For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 A.2 ATD Characteristics This section describes the characteristics of the analog to digital converter. A.2.1 ATD Operating Characteristics The Table A-8 shows conditions under which the ATD operates. The following constraints exist to obtain full-scale, full range results: VSSA ≤ VRL ≤ VIN ≤ VRH ≤ VDDA. This constraint exists since the sample buffer amplifier can not drive beyond the power supply levels that it ties to. If the input level goes outside of this range it will effectively be clipped. Table A-8 ATD Operating Characteristics Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted Num C Reference Potential 1 D Rating Low High Symbol VRL VRH VRH-VRL fATDCLK Min VSSA VDDA/2 4.50 0.5 14 7 12 6 Typ Max VDDA/2 VDDA Unit V V V MHz Cycles µs Cycles µs µs mA mA 2 3 C Differential Reference Voltage1 D ATD Clock Frequency ATD 10-Bit Conversion Period 5.00 5.25 2.0 28 14 26 13 20 0.750 0.375 4 D Clock Cycles2 NCONV10 Conv, Time at 2.0MHz ATD Clock fATDCLK TCONV10 ATD 8-Bit Conversion Period Clock Cycles2 Conv, Time at 2.0MHz ATD Clock fATDCLK 5 D NCONV8 TCONV8 tREC IREF IREF 6 7 8 D Recovery Time (VDDA=5.0 Volts) P Reference Supply current 2 ATD blocks on P Reference Supply current 1 ATD block on NOTES: 1. Full accuracy is not guaranteed when differential voltage is less than 4.50V 2. The minimum time assumes a final sample period of 2 ATD clocks cycles while the maximum time assumes a final sample period of 16 ATD clocks. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.2.2 Factors Influencing Accuracy Three factors - source resistance, source capacitance and current injection - have an influence on the accuracy of the ATD. A.2.2.1 Source Resistance Due to the input pin leakage current as specified in Table A-6 in conjunction with the source resistance there will be a voltage drop from the signal source to the ATD input. The maximum source resistance RS specifies results in an error of less than 1/2 LSB (2.5mV) at the maximum leakage current. If device or operating conditions are less than worst case or leakage-induced error is acceptable, larger values of source resistance is allowed. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... A.2.2.2 Source Capacitance When sampling an additional internal capacitor is switched to the input. This can cause a voltage drop due to charge sharing with the external and the pin capacitance. For a maximum sampling error of the input voltage ≤ 1LSB, then the external filter capacitor, Cf ≥ 1024 * (CINS- CINN). A.2.2.3 Current Injection There are two cases to consider. 1. A current is injected into the channel being converted. The channel being stressed has conversion values of $3FF ($FF in 8-bit mode) for analog inputs greater than VRH and $000 for values less than VRL unless the current is higher than specified as disruptive condition. 2. Current is injected into pins in the neighborhood of the channel being converted. A portion of this current is picked up by the channel (coupling ratio K), This additional current impacts the accuracy of the conversion depending on the source resistance. The additional input voltage error on the converted channel can be calculated as VERR = K * RS * IINJ, with IINJ being the sum of the currents injected into the two pins adjacent to the converted channel. Table A-9 ATD Electrical Characteristics Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted Num C 1 Rating Symbol RS CINN CINS INA Kp Kn Min - Typ - Max 1 Unit KΩ pF C Max input Source Resistance Total Input Capacitance T Non Sampling Sampling C Disruptive Analog Input Current C Coupling Ratio positive current injection C Coupling Ratio negative current injection 2 10 22 -2.5 2.5 10-4 10-2 3 4 5 mA A/A A/A For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 A.2.3 ATD Accuracy Table A-10 specifies the ATD conversion performance excluding any errors due to current injection, input capacitance and source resistance. Table A-10 ATD Conversion Performance Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted VREF = V RH - VRL = 5.12V. Resulting to one 8 bit count = 20mV and one 10 bit count = 5mV fATDCLK = 2.0MHz Num C 1 2 P 10-Bit Resolution P 10-Bit Differential Nonlinearity P 10-Bit Integral Nonlinearity P 10-Bit Absolute Error1 P 8-Bit Resolution P 8-Bit Differential Nonlinearity P 8-Bit Integral Nonlinearity P 8-Bit Absolute Error1 Rating Symbol LSB DNL INL AE LSB DNL INL AE Min Typ 5 Max Unit mV –1 –2.5 -3 ±1.5 ±2.0 20 –0.5 –1.0 -1.5 ±0.5 ±1.0 1 2.5 3 Counts Counts Counts mV Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 3 4 5 6 7 8 0.5 1.0 1.5 Counts Counts Counts NOTES: 1. These values include the quantization error which is inherently 1/2 count for any A/D converter. For the following definitions see also Figure A-1. Differential Non-Linearity (DNL) is defined as the difference between two adjacent switching steps. V –V i i–1 DNL ( i ) = ------------------------- – 1 1LSB The Integral Non-Linearity (INL) is defined as the sum of all DNLs: n INL ( n ) = ∑ i=1 V –V n 0 DNL ( i ) = -------------------- – n 1LSB For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. DNL LSB Vi-1 $3FF $3FE $3FD $3FC 10-Bit Absolute Error Boundary Vi 8-Bit Absolute Error Boundary $FF Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... $3FB $3FA $3F9 $3F8 $3F7 $3F6 $3F5 $FE 10-Bit Resolution $3F4 $3F3 $FD 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Ideal Transfer Curve 2 10-Bit Transfer Curve 1 8-Bit Transfer Curve 5055 5060 5065 5070 5075 5080 5085 5090 5095 5100 5105 5110 5115 5120 Vin mV Figure A-1 ATD Accuracy Definitions NOTE: Figure A-1 shows only definitions, for specification values refer to Table A-10. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com 8-Bit Resolution Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 A.3 NVM, Flash, and EEPROM NOTE: Unless otherwise noted the abbreviation NVM (Non Volatile Memory) is used for both Flash and EEPROM. A.3.1 NVM Timing The time base for all NVM program or erase operations is derived from the oscillator. A minimum oscillator frequency fNVMOSC is required for performing program or erase operations. The NVM modules do not have any means to monitor the frequency and will not prevent program or erase operation at frequencies above or below the specified minimum. Attempting to program or erase the NVM modules at a lower frequency a full program or erase transition is not assured. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The Flash and EEPROM program and erase operations are timed using a clock derived from the oscillator using the FCLKDIV and ECLKDIV registers respectively. The frequency of this clock must be set within the limits specified as fNVMOP. The minimum program and erase times shown in Table A-11 are calculated for maximum fNVMOP and maximum fbus. The maximum times are calculated for minimum fNVMOP and a fbus of 2MHz. A.3.1.1 Single Word Programming The programming time for single word programming is dependant on the bus frequency as a well as on the frequency fNVMOP and can be calculated according to the following formula. t swpgm 1 1 = 9 ⋅ ------------------------ + 25 ⋅ ----------f f bus NVMOP A.3.1.2 Burst Programming This applies only to the Flash where up to 32 words in a row can be programmed consecutively using burst programming by keeping the command pipeline filled. The time to program a consecutive word can be calculated as: t bwpgm 1 1 = 4 ⋅ ------------------------ + 9 ⋅ ----------f f bus NVMOP The time to program a whole row is: t brpgm =t swpgm + 31 ⋅ t bwpgm Burst programming is more than 2 times faster than single word programming. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.3.1.3 Sector Erase Erasing a 512 byte Flash sector or a 4 byte EEPROM sector takes: t era 1 ≈ 4000 ⋅ -----------------------f NVMOP The setup time can be ignored for this operation. A.3.1.4 Mass Erase Erasing a NVM block takes: t mass 1 ≈ 20000 ⋅ -----------------------f NVMOP Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The setup time can be ignored for this operation. A.3.1.5 Blank Check The time it takes to perform a blank check on the Flash or EEPROM is dependant on the location of the first non-blank word starting at relative address zero. It takes one bus cycle per word to verify plus a setup of the command. t check ≈ location ⋅ t cyc + 10 ⋅ t cyc For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Table A-11 NVM Timing Characteristics Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted Num C 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rating Symbol fNVMOSC fNVMBUS fNVMOP tswpgm tbwpgm tbrpgm tera tmass tcheck tcheck Min 0.5 1 150 46 2 20.4 2 678.4 2 20 5 100 5 11 6 11 6 Typ Max 50 1 Unit MHz MHz D External Oscillator Clock D Bus frequency for Programming or Erase Operations D Operating Frequency P Single Word Programming Time D Flash Burst Programming consecutive word 4 D Flash Burst Programming Time for 32 Words 4 P Sector Erase Time P Mass Erase Time D Blank Check Time Flash per block D Blank Check Time EEPROM per block 200 74.5 3 31 3 1035.5 3 26.7 3 133 3 32778 7 20587 kHz µs µs µs ms ms tcyc tcyc Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 7 8 9 10 NOTES: 1. Restrictions for oscillator in crystal mode apply! 2. Minimum Programming times are achieved under maximum NVM operating frequency fNVMOP and maximum bus frequency fbus. 3. Maximum Erase and Programming times are achieved under particular combinations of fNVMOP and bus frequency fbus. Refer to formulae in A.3.1.1 Single Word Programming- A.3.1.4 Mass Erase for guidance. 4. urst Programming operations are not applicable to EEPROM 5. Minimum Erase times are achieved under maximum NVM operating frequency fNVMOP. 6. Minimum time, if first word in the array is not blank 7. Maximum time to complete check on an erased block For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.3.2 NVM Reliability The reliability of the NVM blocks is guaranteed by stress test during qualification, constant process monitors and burn-in to screen early life failures. The failure rates for data retention and program/erase cycling are specified at the operating conditions noted. The program/erase cycle count on the sector is incremented every time a sector or mass erase event is executed. NOTE: All values shown in Table A-12 are target values and subject to further extensive characterization. Table A-12 NVM Reliability Characteristics Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Num 1 2 C NVM Array Cycles 1000 10,000 Data Retention Lifetime 10 years 10 years C Flash/EEPROM (–40 to +85°C) C EEPROM (–40 to +85°C) NOTE: NOTE: NOTE: Flash cycling performance is 1000 cycles at –40 to + 85°C. Data Retention is specified for 10 years. EEPROM cycling performance is 10,000 cycles at –40 to +85°C. Data retention is specified for 10 years. These figures are provided for commercial quality levels not automotive. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 A.4 Voltage Regulator The on-chip voltage regulator is intended to supply the internal logic and oscillator circuits. No external DC load is allowed. Table A-13 Voltage Regulator Recommended Load Capacitances Rating Load Capacitance on VDD1, 2 Load Capacitance on VDDPLL Symbol CLVDD CLVDDPLL Min Typ 220 220 Max Unit nF nF Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.5 Reset, Oscillator, and PLL This section summarizes the electrical characteristics of the various startup scenarios for Oscillator and Phase-Locked-Loop (PLL). A.5.1 Startup Table A-14 summarizes several startup characteristics explained in this section. Detailed description of the startup behavior can be found in the HCS12 Clock and Reset Generator (CRG) Block Guide (Motorola document order number, S12CRGV3/D). Table A-14 Startup Characteristics Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted Num C 1 2 3 4 5 6 T POR release level T POR assert level Rating Symbol VPORR VPORA PWRSTL nRST PWIRQ tWRS Min Typ Max 2.07 Unit V V tosc 0.97 2 192 20 14 196 D Reset input pulse width, minimum input time D Startup from Reset D Interrupt pulse width, IRQ edge-sensitive mode D Wait recovery startup time nosc ns tcyc A.5.1.1 POR The release level VPORR and the assert level VPORA are derived from the VDD supply. They are also valid if the device is powered externally. After releasing the POR reset the oscillator and the clock quality check are started. If after a time tCQOUT no valid oscillation is detected, the MCU will start using the internal self clock. The fastest startup time possible is given by nuposc. A.5.1.2 SRAM Data Retention Provided an appropriate external reset signal is applied to the MCU, preventing the CPU from executing code when VDD5 is out of specification limits, the SRAM contents integrity is guaranteed if after the reset the PORF bit in the CRG Flags Register has not been set. A.5.1.3 External Reset When external reset is asserted for a time greater than PWRSTL the CRG module generates an internal reset, and the CPU starts fetching the reset vector without doing a clock quality check, if there was an oscillation before reset. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 A.5.1.4 Stop Recovery Out of STOP the controller can be woken up by an external interrupt. A clock quality check as after POR is performed before releasing the clocks to the system. A.5.1.5 Pseudo Stop and Wait Recovery The recovery from Pseudo STOP and Wait are essentially the same since the oscillator was not stopped in both modes. The controller can be woken up by internal or external interrupts. After twrs the CPU starts fetching the interrupt vector. A.5.2 Oscillator Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The device features an internal Colpitts oscillator. By asserting the XCLKS input during reset this oscillator can be bypassed allowing the input of a square wave. Before asserting the oscillator to the internal system clocks the quality of the oscillation is checked for each start from either power-on, STOP or oscillator fail. tCQOUT specifies the maximum time before switching to the internal self clock mode after POR or STOP if a proper oscillation is not detected. The quality check also determines the minimum oscillator start-up time tUPOSC. The device also features a clock monitor. A Clock Monitor Failure is asserted if the frequency of the incoming clock signal is below the Assert Frequency fCMFA. Table A-15 Oscillator Characteristics Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted Num C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Rating Symbol fOSC iOSC tUPOSC tCQOUT fCMFA fEXT tEXTL tEXTH tEXTR tEXTF CIN VDCBIAS Min 0.5 100 Typ Max 16 Unit MHz µA C Crystal oscillator range P Startup Current C Oscillator start-up time D Clock Quality check time-out P Clock Monitor Failure Assert Frequency P External square wave input frequency3 D External square wave pulse width low D External square wave pulse width high D External square wave rise time D External square wave fall time D Input Capacitance (EXTAL, XTAL pins) C DC Operating Bias in Colpitts Configuration on EXTAL Pin 81 0.45 50 0.5 9.5 9.5 100 1002 2.5 200 50 ms s KHz MHz ns ns 1 1 9 1.1 ns ns pF V NOTES: 1. fosc = 4MHz, C = 22pF. 2. Maximum value is for extreme cases using high Q, low frequency crystals 3. XCLKS =0 during reset For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.5.3 Phase Locked Loop The oscillator provides the reference clock for the PLL. The PLL´s Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) is also the system clock source in self clock mode. A.5.3.1 XFC Component Selection This section describes the selection of the XFC components to achieve a good filter characteristics. VDDPLL Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Cs R Phase fosc fref 1 refdv+1 ∆ fcmp KΦ Detector Loop Divider 1 synr+1 Cp VCO KV fvco 1 2 Figure A-2 Basic PLL Functional Diagram The following procedure can be used to calculate the resistance and capacitance values using typical values for K1, f1 and ich from Table A-16. The VCO Gain at the desired VCO output frequency is approximated by: (f – f ) 1 vco --------------------------K 1 ⋅ 1V K V = K ⋅e 1 The phase detector relationship is given by: K Φ = –i ch ⋅K V ich is the current in tracking mode. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 The loop bandwidth fC should be chosen to fulfill the Gardner’s stability criteria by at least a factor of 10, typical values are 50. ζ = 0.9 ensures a good transient response. 2⋅ζ⋅f f ref 1 ref < ------------------------------------------ ⋅ ----- → f < ------------- ;( ζ = 0.9 ) C C 4 ⋅ 50 2 50 π ⋅ ζ + 1 + ζ   f And finally the frequency relationship is defined as f VCO n = -------------- = 2 ⋅ ( synr + 1 ) f ref Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... With the above inputs the resistance can be calculated as: 2⋅π⋅n⋅f C R = ---------------------------K Φ The capacitance Cs can now be calculated as: 2 2⋅ζ 0.516 C = --------------------- ≈ -------------- ;( ζ = 0.9 ) s π⋅f ⋅R f ⋅R C C The capacitance Cp should be chosen in the range of: C ⁄ 20 ≤ C ≤ C ⁄ 10 s p s The stabilization delays shown in Table A-16 are dependant on PLL operational settings and external component selection (e.g. crystal, XFC filter). A.5.3.2 Jitter Information The basic functionality of the PLL is shown in Figure A-2. With each transition of the clock fcmp, the deviation from the reference clock fref is measured and input voltage to the VCO is adjusted accordingly.The adjustment is done continuously with no abrupt changes in the clock output frequency. Noise, voltage, temperature and other factors cause slight variations in the control loop resulting in a clock jitter. This jitter affects the real minimum and maximum clock periods as illustrated in Figure A-3. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. 0 1 2 3 N-1 N tmin1 tnom tmax1 tminN tmaxN Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Figure A-3 Jitter Definitions The relative deviation of tnom is at its maximum for one clock period, and decreases towards zero for larger number of clock periods (N). Defining the jitter as: t (N) t (N)   max min J ( N ) = max  1 – ---------------------- , 1 – ----------------------  N⋅t N⋅t  nom nom  For N < 100, the following equation is a good fit for the maximum jitter: j 1 J ( N ) = ------- + j N2 J(N) 1 5 10 20 N Figure A-4 Maximum Bus Clock Jitter Approximation This is very important to notice with respect to timers, serial modules where a pre-scaler will eliminate the effect of the jitter to a large extent. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Table A-16 PLL Characteristics Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted Num C 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rating Symbol fSCM fVCO |∆trk| |∆Lock| |∆unl| |∆unt| tstab tacq tal K1 f1 | ich | | ich | j1 j2 Min 1 8 3 0 0.5 6 Typ Max 5.5 50 4 1.5 2.5 8 Unit MHz MHz %1 %1 %1 %1 ms ms ms MHz/V MHz µA µA P Self Clock Mode frequency D VCO locking range D Lock Detector transition from Acquisition to Tracking mode D Lock Detection D Un-Lock Detection D Lock Detector transition from Tracking to Acquisition mode Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 C PLLON Total Stabilization delay (Auto Mode) 2 D PLLON Acquisition mode stabilization delay 2 D PLLON Tracking mode stabilization delay 2 D Fitting parameter VCO loop gain D Fitting parameter VCO loop frequency D Charge pump current acquisition mode D Charge pump current tracking mode C Jitter fit parameter 12 C Jitter fit parameter 22 0.5 0.3 0.2 -120 75 38.5 3.5 1.1 0.13 % % NOTES: 1. % deviation from target frequency 2. fREF = 4MHz, fBUS = 25MHz equivalent fVCO = 50MHz: REFDV = #$03, SYNR = #$018, Cs = 4.7nF, Cp = 470pF, Rs = 10KΩ. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.6 SPI A.6.1 Master Mode Figure A-5 and Figure A-6 illustrate the master mode timing. Timing values are shown in Table A-17. SS1 (OUTPUT) 2 SCK (CPOL = 0) (OUTPUT) 1 4 4 12 11 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... SCK (CPOL = 1) (OUTPUT) 5 MISO (INPUT) 9 MOSI (OUTPUT) 1. If configured as output. 2. LSBF = 0. For LSBF = 1, bit order is LSB, bit 1, ..., bit 6, MSB. 6 MSB IN2 BIT 6 . . . 1 9 MSB OUT2 BIT 6 . . . 1 LSB OUT LSB IN 10 Figure A-5 SPI Master Timing (CPHA = 0) For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 SS1 (OUTPUT) 1 2 SCK (CPOL = 0) (OUTPUT) 4 SCK (CPOL = 1) (OUTPUT) 5 MISO (INPUT) 9 MOSI (OUTPUT) PORT DATA 1. If configured as output 2. LSBF = 0. For LSBF = 1, bit order is LSB, bit 1, ..., bit 6, MSB. 12 11 3 4 11 12 6 MSB IN2 BIT 6 . . . 1 10 LSB IN Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MASTER MSB OUT2 BIT 6 . . . 1 MASTER LSB OUT PORT DATA Figure A-6 SPI Master Timing (CPHA =1) Table A-17 SPI Master Mode Timing Characteristics1 Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted, CLOAD = 200pF on all outputs Num C 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 P Operating Frequency Rating Symbol fop tsck tlead tlag twsck tsu thi tv tho tr tf Min DC 4 1/2 1/2 tbus − 30 25 0 Typ Max 1/4 2048 — Unit fbus tbus tsck tsck P SCK Period tsck = 1./fop D Enable Lead Time D Enable Lag Time D Clock (SCK) High or Low Time D Data Setup Time (Inputs) D Data Hold Time (Inputs) D Data Valid (after Enable Edge) D Data Hold Time (Outputs) D Rise Time Inputs and Outputs D Fall Time Inputs and Outputs 1024 tbus ns ns ns 25 0 25 25 ns ns ns ns NOTES: 1. The numbers 7, 8 in the column labeled “Num” are missing. This has been done on purpose to be consistent between the Master and the Slave timing shown in Table A-18. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.6.2 Slave Mode Figure A-7 and Figure A-8 illustrate the slave mode timing. Timing values are shown in Table A-18. SS (INPUT) 1 SCK (CPOL = 0) (INPUT) 2 4 4 SCK (CPOL = 1) (INPUT) 7 MISO (OUTPUT) SLAVE 5 MOSI (INPUT) MSB IN MSB OUT 6 BIT 6 . . . 1 LSB IN 9 BIT 6 . . . 1 11 12 8 10 10 12 11 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... SLAVE LSB OUT Figure A-7 SPI Slave Timing (CPHA = 0) SS (INPUT) 1 2 SCK (CPOL = 0) (INPUT) 4 SCK (CPOL = 1) (INPUT) 9 MISO (OUTPUT) 7 MOSI (INPUT) SLAVE 5 MSB IN MSB OUT 6 BIT 6 . . . 1 LSB IN 4 11 12 12 11 3 10 BIT 6 . . . 1 SLAVE LSB OUT 8 Figure A-8 SPI Slave Timing (CPHA =1) For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Table A-18 SPI Slave Mode Timing Characteristics Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted, CLOAD = 200pF on all outputs Num C 1 1 2 3 4 5 P Operating Frequency Rating Symbol fop tsck tlead tlag twsck tsu thi ta tdis tv tho tr tf Min DC 4 1 1 tcyc − 30 25 25 Typ Max 1/4 2048 Unit fbus tbus tcyc tcyc ns ns ns P SCK Period tsck = 1./fop D Enable Lead Time D Enable Lag Time D Clock (SCK) High or Low Time D Data Setup Time (Inputs) D Data Hold Time (Inputs) D Slave Access Time D Slave MISO Disable Time D Data Valid (after SCK Edge) D Data Hold Time (Outputs) D Rise Time Inputs and Outputs D Fall Time Inputs and Outputs Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 1 25 0 25 25 tcyc tcyc ns ns ns ns For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. A.7 External Bus Timing A timing diagram of the external multiplexed-bus is illustrated in Figure A-9 with the actual timing values shown on table Table A-19. All major bus signals are included in the diagram. While both a data write and data read cycle are shown, only one or the other would occur on a particular bus cycle. A.7.1 General Muxed Bus Timing The expanded bus timings are highly dependent on the load conditions. The timing parameters shown assume a balanced load across all outputs. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 1, 2 3 ECLK PE4 5 9 Addr/Data (read) PA, PB data 6 16 10 data 7 12 Addr/Data (write) PA, PB data addr 8 14 data 13 4 15 addr 11 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 17 Non-Multiplexed Addresses PK5:0 20 ECS PK7 18 19 21 22 23 24 R/W PE2 25 26 27 LSTRB PE3 28 29 30 NOACC PE7 31 32 33 IPIPO0 IPIPO1, PE6,5 34 35 36 Figure A-9 General External Bus Timing For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Table A-19 Expanded Bus Timing Characteristics Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted, CLOAD = 50pF Num C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Rating Symbol fo tcyc PWEL PWEH tAD tAV tMAH tAHDS tDHA tDSR tDHR tDDW tDHW tDSW tACCA tACCE tNAD tNAV tNAH tCSD tACCS tCSH tCSN tRWD tRWV tRWH tLSD tLSV tLSH tNOD tNOV Min 0 40 19 19 Typ Max 25.0 Unit MHz ns ns ns P Frequency of operation (E-clock) P Cycle time D Pulse width, E low D Pulse width, E high1 D Address delay time D Address valid time to E rise (PWEL–tAD) D Muxed address hold time D Address hold to data valid D Data hold to address D Read data setup time D Read data hold time D Write data delay time D Write data hold time D Write data setup time1 (PWEH–tDDW) D Address access time1 (tcyc–tAD–tDSR) D E high access time1 (PWEH–tDSR) D Non-multiplexed address delay time D Non-muxed address valid to E rise (PW EL–tNAD) D Non-multiplexed address hold time D Chip select delay time D Chip select access time1 (tcyc–tCSD–tDSR) D Chip select hold time D Chip select negated time D Read/write delay time D Read/write valid time to E rise (PWEL–tRWD) D Read/write hold time D Low strobe delay time D Low strobe valid time to E rise (PW EL–tLSD) D Low strobe hold time D NOACC strobe delay time D NOACC valid time to E rise (PWEL–tNOD) 8 11 2 7 2 13 0 7 2 12 19 6 6 15 2 16 11 2 8 7 14 2 7 14 2 7 14 ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Table A-19 Expanded Bus Timing Characteristics (Continued) Conditions are shown in Table A-4 unless otherwise noted, CLOAD = 50pF Num C 32 33 34 35 36 D NOACC hold time D IPIPO[1:0] delay time Rating Symbol tNOH tP0D tP0V tP1D tP1V Min 2 2 11 2 11 Typ Max Unit ns 7 ns ns D IPIPO[1:0] valid time to E rise (PWEL–tP0D) D IPIPO[1:0] delay time1 (PWEH-tP1V) D IPIPO[1:0] valid time to E fall 25 ns ns NOTES: 1. Affected by clock stretch: add N x tcyc where N=0,1, 2 or 3, depending on the number of clock stretches. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 Appendix B Package Information B.1 General This section provides the physical dimensions of the MC9S12A256 packages. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. B.2 112-Pin LQFP Package 4X PIN 1 IDENT 1 112 0.20 T L-M N 4X 28 TIPS 85 84 0.20 T L-M N J1 J1 C L 4X P VIEW Y 108X G X X=L, M OR N VIEW Y B L M B1 V1 V Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... J AA 28 57 F D 0.13 M BASE METAL 29 56 T L-M N N A1 S1 A S SECTION J1-J1 ROTATED 90° COUNTERCLOCKWISE NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. 2. DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS. 3. DATUMS L, M AND N TO BE DETERMINED AT SEATING PLANE, DATUM T. 4. DIMENSIONS S AND V TO BE DETERMINED AT SEATING PLANE, DATUM T. 5. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.25 PER SIDE. DIMENSIONS A AND B INCLUDE MOLD MISMATCH. 6. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 20.000 BSC 10.000 BSC 20.000 BSC 10.000 BSC --1.600 0.050 0.150 1.350 1.450 0.270 0.370 0.450 0.750 0.270 0.330 0.650 BSC 0.090 0.170 0.500 REF 0.325 BSC 0.100 0.200 0.100 0.200 22.000 BSC 11.000 BSC 22.000 BSC 11.000 BSC 0.250 REF 1.000 REF 0.090 0.160 8° 0° 7° 3° 13 ° 11 ° 11 ° 13 ° C2 C 0.050 θ2 VIEW AB 0.10 T 112X SEATING PLANE θ3 T θ R R2 0.25 GAGE PLANE R R1 C1 (Y) (Z) VIEW AB (K) E θ1 DIM A A1 B B1 C C1 C2 D E F G J K P R1 R2 S S1 V V1 Y Z AA θ θ1 θ2 θ3 Figure B-1 112-Pin LQFP Mechanical Dimensions (Case no. 987) For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 B.3 80-Pin QFP Package L 60 61 41 40 S S B B P D L H A-B B V 0.05 D M M C A-B -A- -B- S S D 0.20 0.20 -A-,-B-,-DDETAIL A DETAIL A Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 80 1 20 21 -D0.20 M F A H A-B S S D S 0.05 A-B J S N 0.20 E C -CSEATING PLANE M C A-B D S M DETAIL C -HH G DATUM PLANE D 0.20 M C A-B S D S SECTION B-B VIEW ROTATED 90 ° 0.10 M U T DATUM PLANE -H- R K W X DETAIL C Q NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DATUM PLANE -H- IS LOCATED AT BOTTOM OF LEAD AND IS COINCIDENT WITH THE LEAD WHERE THE LEAD EXITS THE PLASTIC BODY AT THE BOTTOM OF THE PARTING LINE. 4. DATUMS -A-, -B- AND -D- TO BE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE -H-. 5. DIMENSIONS S AND V TO BE DETERMINED AT SEATING PLANE -C-. 6. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.25 PER SIDE. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO INCLUDE MOLD MISMATCH AND ARE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE -H-. 7. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.08 TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON THE LOWER RADIUS OR THE FOOT. DIM A B C D E F G H J K L M N P Q R S T U V W X MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 13.90 14.10 13.90 14.10 2.15 2.45 0.22 0.38 2.00 2.40 0.22 0.33 0.65 BSC --0.25 0.13 0.23 0.65 0.95 12.35 REF 5° 10 ° 0.13 0.17 0.325 BSC 0° 7° 0.13 0.30 16.95 17.45 0.13 --0° --16.95 17.45 0.35 0.45 1.6 REF Figure B-2 80-Pin QFP Mechanical Dimensions (Case no. 841B) For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC9S12A256 Device Guide —Freescale V01.01 Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Device Guide — V01.01 MC9S12A256 User Guide End Sheet Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 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