MB88155-112

FUJITSU MICROELECTRONICS DATA SHEET DS04-29119-2Ea Spread Spectrum Clock Generator MB88155 ■ DESCRIPTION MB88155 is a clock generator for EMI (Electro Magnetic Interference) reduction. The peak of unnecessary radiation noise (EMI) can be attenuated by making the oscillation frequency slightly modulate periodically with the internal modulator. For modulation, the MB88155 supports both center-spreading and down-spreading. It has a non-modulated clock output pin (REFOUT) as well as a modulated clock output pin (CKOUT) . ■ FEATURES • Input frequency : • • • • • 12.5 MHz to 50 MHz (Multiplied by 1) 12.5 MHz to 20 MHz (Multiplied by 4) Output frequency : CKOUT 12.5 MHz to 80 MHz REFOUT The same as input frequency (not multiplied) Modulation rate : ± 0.5%, ± 1.0% (center spread) , − 1.0%, − 2.0% (Down spread) Equipped with oscillation circuit : range of oscillation 12.5 MHz to 40 MHz (Fundamental oscillation) 40 MHz to 48 MHz (3rd overtone) Modulation clock output Duty : 40% to 60% Modulation clock cycle − cycle jitter : MB88155-1xx 12.5 MHz to 20 MHz less than 150 ps MB88155-1xx 20 MHz to 50 MHz less than 100 ps MB88155-4xx less than 200 ps Low current consumption by CMOS process : 5 mA (24 MHz : Typ-sample, no load) Power supply voltage : 3.3 V ± 0.3 V Operating temperature : − 40 °C to + 85 °C Package : 8-pin plastic TSSOP • • • • Copyright©2005-2008 FUJITSU MICROELECTRONICS LIMITED All rights reserved 2006.11 MB88155 ■ PRODUCT LINEUP The MB88155 is available in different models : 2 models different in multiplier ( × 1 and × 4) , 2 in modulation type (center-spreading and down-spreading) , 2 in input frequency range at a multiplier of 1 (12.5 MHz to 25 MHz and 25 MHz to 50 MHz) , and 1 in input frequency range at a multiplier of 4 (12.5 MHz to 20 MHz) . The MB88155 is also available in two versions : modulation-on/off selectable version (with ENS pin) and powerdown function built-in version (with XPD pin) . MB88155-M T F Input frequency range, With/without ENS/XPD Multiplied 0 : 12.5 MHz to 25.0 MHz, With ENS, Without XPD by 1 1 : 25.0 MHz to 50.0 MHz, With ENS, Without XPD 2 : 12.5 MHz to 25.0 MHz, Without ENS, With XPD 3 : 25.0 MHz to 50.0 MHz, Without ENS, With XPD Multiplied 0 : 12.5 MHz to 20.0 MHz, With ENS, Without XPD by 4 2 : 12.5 MHz to 20.0 MHz, Without ENS, With XPD → 0 : Down spread, 1 : Center spread → 1 : Multiplied by 1, 4 : Multiplied by 4 → Spread type Multiplication rate setting Line-up of MB88155 Product MB88155-100 MB88155-101 MB88155-102 MB88155-103 MB88155-110 MB88155-111 MB88155-112 MB88155-113 MB88155-400 MB88155-402 MB88155-410 MB88155-412 Input frequency 12.5 MHz to 25 MHz 25 MHz to 50 MHz 12.5 MHz to 25 MHz 25 MHz to 50 MHz Multiplication rate Output frequency Modulation Modulation Power type enable pin down pin Yes Down spread No Yes Center spread No Down spread Center spread Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No The same as Multiplied by 1 input frequency 12.5 MHz to 25 MHz 25 MHz to 50 MHz 12.5 MHz to 25 MHz 25 MHz to 50 MHz 12.5 MHz to 20 MHz Multiplied by 4 50 MHz to 80 MHz 2 MB88155 ■ PIN ASSIGNMENT XIN 1 XOUT 2 ENS 3 SEL 4 8 VDD XIN 1 XOUT 2 XPD 3 SEL 4 8 VDD MB88155 -xx0 -xx1 7 CKOUT 6 VSS 5 REFOUT MB88155 -xx2 -xx3 7 CKOUT 6 VSS 5 REFOUT FPT-8P-M07 ■ PIN DESCRIPTION Pin name XIN XOUT ENS/XPD I/O I O I Pin no. 1 2 3 Description Connection pin of resonator/clock input pin Connection pin of resonator Modulation enable pin/power down pin Modulation rate setting pin Down spread, SEL = “L” : Modulation rate − 1.0% Down spread, SEL = “H” : Modulation rate − 2.0% Down spread, SEL = “L” : Modulation rate ± 0.5% Down spread, SEL = “H” : Modulation rate ± 1.0% Non-modulated clock output pin This pin becomes to“L” at power-down. GND Pin Modulated clock output pin This pin becomes to“L” at power-down. Power supply voltage pin SEL I 4 REFOUT VSS CKOUT VDD O  O  5 6 7 8 3 MB88155 ■ I/O CIRCUIT TYPE Pin Circuit type Remarks CMOS hysteresis input SEL, XPD CMOS hysteresis input with pull-up resistor of 50 kΩ (Typ) 50 kΩ ENS • CMOS output • IOL = 3 mA • “L” output at power-down REFOUT (Continued) 4 MB88155 (Continued) Pin Circuit type Remarks • CMOS output • IOL = 4 mA • “L” output at power-down CKOUT Note: For XIN pin and XOUT pin, refer to “■ OSCILLATION CIRCUIT”. 5 MB88155 ■ HANDLING DEVICES Preventing Latch-up A latch-up can occur if, on this device, (a) a voltage higher than VDD or a voltage lower than VSS is applied to an input or output pin or (b) a voltage higher than the rating is applied between VDD and VSS. The latch-up, if it occurs, significantly increases the power supply current and may cause thermal destruction of an element. When you use this device, be very careful not to exceed the maximum rating. Handling unused pins Do not leave an unused input pin open, since it may cause a malfunction. Handle by, using a pull-up or pulldown resistor. Unused output pin should be opened. The attention when the external clock is used Input the clock to XIN pin, and XOUT pin should be opened when you use the external clock. Please pay attention so that an overshoot and an undershoot do not occur to an input clock of XIN pin. Power supply pins Please design connecting the power supply pin of this device by as low impedance as possible from the current supply source. We recommend connecting electrolytic capacitor (about 10 µF) and the ceramic capacitor (about 0.01 µF) in parallel between VSS and VDD near the device, as a bypass capacitor. Oscillation circuit Noise near the XIN and XOUT pins may cause the device to malfunction. Design printed circuit boards so that electric wiring of XIN or XOUT pin and the resonator do not intersect other wiring. Design the printed circuit board that surrounds the XIN and XOUT pins with ground. 6 MB88155 ■ BLOCK DIAGRAM VDD Modulation enable/ power down setting ENS/XPD SEL Modulation rate setting Reference clock PLL block Clock output CKOUT XOUT Reference clock output XIN Rf = 1 MΩ REFOUT Power down signal VSS 1 − M Phase compare Charge pump V/I conversion IDAC ICO Reference clock 1 − N Loop filter Modulation clock output 1 − L Modulation logic MB88155 PLL block Modulation rate setting/ Modulation enable setting A glitchless IDAC (current output D/A converter) provides precise modulation, thereby dramatically reducing EMI. 7 MB88155 ■ PIN SETTING The modulation clock requires stabilization wait time after the PIN setting is changed. For the modulation clock stabilization wait time, assure the maximum value for “Lock-up time” in the AC Characteristics list in “■ ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS”. ENS modulation enable setting ENS L H No modulation Modulation Modulation MB88155-xx0, xx1 Note : Spectrum does not diffuse when “L” is set to ENS pin. MB88155-xx2, xx3 do not have ENS pin. XPD power down XPD L H Power down status Operating status Status MB88155-xx2, xx3 Note : When setting “L” to XPD pin, it becomes power down mode (low power consumption mode) . Both CKOUT and REFOUT of output pins are fixed to “L” output during power down. MB88155-xx0, xx1 do not have XPD pin. SEL modulation rate setting SEL L H ± 0.5% − 1.0% ± 1.0% − 2.0% Frequency MB88155-x1x MB88155-x0x MB88155-x1x MB88155-x0x Note : The modulation rate can be changed at the level of the pin. 8 MB88155 • Center spread Spectrum is spread (modulated) by centering on the non-spread frequency. Modulation width 2.0% Radiation level −1.0% +1.0% Frequency Non-spread frequency Example of center spread at modulation rate ± 1.0% • Down spread Spectrum is spread (modulated) below the non-spread frequency. Modulation width 2.0% Radiation level −2.0% Frequency Non-spread frequency Example of down spread at modulation rate − 2.0% 9 MB88155 ■ ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Parameter Power supply voltage* Input voltage* Output voltage* Storage temperature Operation junction temperature Output current Overshoot Undershoot Symbol VDD VI VO TST TJ IO VIOVER VIUNDER Rating Min − 0.5 VSS − 0.5 VSS − 0.5 − 55 − 40 − 14  VSS − 1.0 (tUNDER ≤ 50 ns) Max + 4.0 VDD + 0.5 VDD + 0.5 + 125 + 125 + 14 VDD + 1.0 (tOVER ≤ 50 ns)  Unit V V V °C °C mA V V * : The parameter is based on VSS = 0.0 V. WARNING: Semiconductor devices can be permanently damaged by application of stress (voltage, current, temperature, etc.) in excess of absolute maximum ratings. Do not exceed these ratings. Overshoot/Undershoot tUNDER ≤ 50 ns VIOVER ≤ VDD + 1.0 V VDD Input pin tOVER ≤ 50 ns VIUNDER ≤ VSS − 1.0 V VSS 10 MB88155 ■ RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (VSS = 0.0 V) Parameter Power supply voltage “H” level input voltage “L” level input voltage Input clock duty cycle Operating temperature Symbol VDD VIH VIL tDCI Ta Pin VDD XIN, SEL, ENS, XPD XIN, SEL, ENS, XPD XIN  Conditions    12.5 MHz to 50 MHz  Value Min 3.0 VDD × 0.8 VSS 40 − 40 Typ 3.3   50  Max 3.6 VDD + 0.3 VDD × 0.2 60 + 85 Unit V V V % °C WARNING: The recommended operating conditions are required in order to ensure the normal operation of the semiconductor device. All of the device’s electrical characteristics are warranted when the device is operated within these ranges. Always use semiconductor devices within their recommended operating condition ranges. Operation outside these ranges may adversely affect reliability and could result in device failure. No warranty is made with respect to uses, operating conditions, or combinations not represented on the data sheet. Users considering application outside the listed conditions are advised to contact their representatives beforehand. Input clock duty cycle (tDCI = tb/ta) ta tb XIN 1.5 V 11 MB88155 ■ ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS • DC Characteristics (Ta = − 40 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V, VSS = 0.0 V) Symbol Pin Conditions 24 MHz output No load capacitance At power-down VOHC VOHR Output voltage VOLC VOLR Output impedance ZOC ZOR CIN RPU CL CKOUT “H” level output IOH = − 4 mA Value Min   Typ 5.0 10 Max 7.0  Unit mA µA Parameter Power supply current ICC VDD “H” level output REFOUT IOH = − 3 mA CKOUT REFOUT CKOUT “L” level output IOL = 4 mA “L” level output IOL = 3 mA 12.5 MHz to 80 MHz VDD − 0.5  VDD V VSS  0.4 V    25    45 70  50      16 200 15 15 7 REFOUT 12.5 MHz to 50 MHz Ta = + 25 °C XIN, SEL, VDD = VI = 0.0 V ENS/XPD f = 1 MHz ENS VIL = 0.0 V 12.5 MHz to 50 MHz 50 MHz to 80 MHz REFOUT 12.5 MHz to 50 MHz Ω Input capacitance Input pull-up resistor Load capacitance pF kΩ pF CKOUT 12 MB88155 • AC Characteristics Parameter Oscillation frequency Input frequency Symbol fx Pin XIN, XOUT XIN (Ta = − 40 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 3.3 V ± 0.3 V, VSS = 0.0 V) Value Conditions Unit Min Typ Max Fundamental oscillation 3 overtone MB88155 − 1x0, 1x2 fin MB88155 − 1x1, 1x3 MB88155 − 4xx MB88155 − 1x0, 1x2 REFOUT MB88155 − 1x1, 1x3 Output frequency fOUT MB88155 − 4xx MB88155 − 1x0, 1x2 CKOUT MB88155 − 1x1, 1x3 MB88155 − 4xx SRc Output slew rate SRR Output clock duty cycle Modulation frequency Lock-up time*2 tDCC tDCR fMOD tLK CKOUT Load capacitance 15 pF, 0.4 V to 2.4 V rd 12.5 40 12.5 25 12.5 12.5 25 12.5 12.5 25 50 0.4 0.3 40 tDCI − 10*   1                32.4 2 40 48 25 50 20 25 50 20 25 50 80 4.0 MHz MHz MHz Load capacitance 15 pF, REFOUT 0.4 V to 2.4 V CKOUT 1.5 V reference level REFOUT 1.5 V reference level CKOUT Input frequency at 24 MHz CKOUT  MB88155 − 1xx Input frequency 12.5 MHz to 20 MHz, No load capacitance, Ta = + 25 °C, VDD = 3.3 V, Standard deviation σ V/ns 2.0 60 tDCI + 10*1  5 % kHz ms   150 ps Cycle-cycle jitter tJC MB88155 − 1xx Input frequency CKOUT 20 MHz to 50 MHz, No load capacitance, Ta = + 25 °C, VDD = 3.3 V, Standard deviation σ MB88155 − 4xx No load capacitance, Ta = + 25 °C, VDD = 3.3 V, Standard deviation σ   100 ps   200 ps *1 : Duty of the REFOUT output is guaranteed only for the following A and B because it depends on tDCI of input clock duty. A. Resonator input : When resonator is connected with XIN pin and XOUT pin, and oscillates normally. B. External clock input : The input level is Full-swing (VSS − VDD). *2 : The modulation clock requires stabilization wait time after the IC is turned on or released from power-down mode, or after SEL (modulation factor) or ENS (modulation enable) setting is changed. For the modulation clock stabilization wait time, assure the maximum value for the lock-up time. 13 MB88155 ■ OUTPUT CLOCK DUTY CYCLE (tDCC, tDCR = tb/ta) ta tb 1.5 V CKOUT, REFOUT ■ INPUT FREQUENCY (fin = 1/tin) tin 0.8 VDD XIN ■ OUTPUT SLEW RATE (SRC, SRR) 2.4 V CKOUT, REFOUT 0.4 V tr tf Note : SRC = (2.4 − 0.4) /tr, SRC = (2.4 − 0.4) /tf SRR = (2.4 − 0.4) /tr, SRR = (2.4 − 0.4) /tf ■ CYCLE-CYCLE JITTER (tJC = |tn − tn + 1| ) CKOUT tn tn+1 Note : Cycle-cycle jitter indicates the difference between a certain cycle and the immediately succeeding (or preceding) cycle. 14 MB88155 ■ MODULATION WAVEFORM • Modulation rate ± 1.0%, example of center spread CKOUT output frequency + 1.0 % Frequency at modulation off Time − 1.0 % fMOD (Typ) = 32.4 kHz (fin = 24 MHz) • Modulation rate − 1.0%, example of down spread CKOUT output frequency Frequency at modulation off Time − 0.5 % − 1.0 % fMOD (Typ) = 32.4 kHz (fin = 24 MHz) 15 MB88155 ■ LOCK-UP TIME 3.0 V VDD External clock stabilization waiting time XIN XPD VIH SEL ENS VIH tLK (Lock-up time) CKOUT If the XPD pin is fixed at the “H” level, the maximum time after the power is turned on until the set clock signal is output from CKOUT pin is (the stabilization wait time of input clock to XIN pin) + (the lock-up time “tLK”). For the input clock stabilization time, check the characteristics of the resonator or oscillator used. VDD 3.0 V External clock stabilization waiting time XIN XPD VIH VIH SEL ENS CKOUT tLK (Lock-up time) If the XPD pin is used for power-down control, the set clock signal is output from the CKOUT pin at most the lockup time “tLK” after the XPD pin goes “H” level. (Continued) 16 MB88155 (Continued) XIN ENS VIH VIL tLK (Lock-up time) CKOUT tLK (Lock-up time) If the ENS pin is used for modulation enable control during normal operation, the set clock signal is output from the CKOUT pin at most the lock-up time “tLK” after the level at the ENS pin is determined. Note : The wait time for the clock signal output from the CKOUT pin to become stable is required after the IC is released from power-down mode by the XPD pin or after another pin’s setting is changed. During the period until the output clock signal becomes stable, neither of the output frequency, output clock duty cycle, modulation period, and cycle-cycle jitter characteristic cannot be guaranteed. It is therefore advisable to take action, such as cancelling a device reset at the stage after the lock-up time has passed. 17 MB88155 ■ OSCILLATION CIRCUIT The following schematic on the left-hand side shows a sample connection of a general resonator. The oscillation circuit contains a feedback resistor (1 MΩ) . The values of capacitors (C1 and C2) must be adjusted to the optimum constant of the resonator used. The following schematic on the right-hand side shows a sample connection of a 3rd overtone resonator. The values of capacitors (C1, C2, and C3) and inductor (L1) must be adjusted to the optimum constant of the resonator used. The most suitable value is different by individual resonator. Please refer to the resonator manufacturer which you use for the most suitable value. To use an external clock signal (without using the resonator) , input the clock signal to the XIN pin with the XOUT pin connected to nothing . • When using the resonator LSI internal Rf (1 MΩ) Rf (1 MΩ) XIN pin XOUT pin XIN pin XOUT pin LSI external L1 C1 C2 C1 C2 C3 Fundamental resonator 3rd overtone resonator • When using the external clock LSI internal Rf (1 MΩ) XIN pin XOUT pin LSI external External clock OPEN Note : Note that the jitter characteristic of the input clock signal may affect the cycle-cycle jitter characteristic. 18 MB88155 ■ INTERCONNECTION CIRCUIT EXAMPLE 1 2 MB88155 3 C1 C2 4 8 R1 7 6 5 R2 C4 C3 C1, C2 C3 C4 R1, R2 : Oscillation stabilization capacitance (refer to “■ OSCILLATION CIRCUIT”) : Capacitor of 10 µF or higher : Capacitor of about 0.01 µF (connect a capacitor of good high frequency property (ex. laminated ceramic capacitor) to close to this device) : Impedance matching resistor for board pattern 19 MB88155 ■ SPECTRUM EXAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS The condition of the examples of the characteristic is shown as follows : Input frequency = 16 MHz (Output frequency = 64 MHz : Using MB88155-410 (Multiplied by 4) ) Power-supply voltage = 3.3 V, None load capacity. Modulation rate = ± 1.0% (center spread). Spectrum analyzer HP4396B is connected with CKOUT. The result of the measurement with RBW = 1 kHz (ATT use for −6 dB) . CH B Spectrum 10 dB /REF 0 dBm No modulation −5.64 dBm Avg 4 ±1.0% modulation −26.93 dBm RBW# 1 kHZ VBW 1 kHZ CENTER 64 MHZ ATT 6 dB SWP 8.005 s SPAN 12.8 MHZ 20 MB88155 ■ ORDERING INFORMATION Part number MB88155PFTG-100-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-101-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-102-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-103-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-110-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-111-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-112-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-113-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-400-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-402-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-410-JNE1 MB88155PFTG-412-JNE1 MB88155PFT- 12.5 MHz to G-100-JN-EFE1 25 MHz MB88155PFT- 25 MHz to G-101-JN-EFE1 50 MHz The same Multiplied as input by 1 MB88155PFT- 12.5 MHz to frequency G-102-JN-EFE1 25 MHz MB88155PFT- 25 MHz to G-103-JN-EFE1 50 MHz Down spread No Yes 12.5 MHz to Multiplied 50 MHz to 20 MHz by 4 80 MHz Center spread Input Multiplica- Output Modulation Modulation Power enable down type frequency tion rate frequency pin pin 12.5 MHz to 25 MHz 25 MHz to 50 MHz 12.5 MHz to 25 MHz 25 MHz to 50 MHz The same Multiplied as input by 1 12.5 MHz to frequency 25 MHz 25 MHz to 50 MHz 12.5 MHz to 25 MHz 25 MHz to 50 MHz Down spread Center spread No Yes Down spread No Yes Package Remarks Yes No Yes No 8-pin plastic TSSOP (FPT-8P-M07) Yes No Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes No 8-pin plastic Emboss TSSOP taping (FPT-8P-M07) (EF type) 21 MB88155 Input Multiplica- Output Modulation Modulation Power enable down type frequency tion rate frequency pin pin Part number Package Remarks MB88155PFT- 12.5 MHz to G-110-JN-EFE1 25 MHz MB88155PFT- 25 MHz to G-111-JN-EFE1 50 MHz The same Multiplied as input by 1 MB88155PFT- 12.5 MHz to frequency G-112-JN-EFE1 25 MHz MB88155PFT- 25 MHz to G-113-JN-EFE1 50 MHz MB88155PFTG-400-JN-EFE1 MB88155PFTG-402-JN-EFE1 12.5 MHz to Multiplied 50 MHz to by 4 80 MHz MB88155PFT- 20 MHz G-410-JN-EFE1 MB88155PFTG-412-JN-EFE1 MB88155PFT- 12.5 MHz to G-100-JN-ERE1 25 MHz MB88155PFT- 25 MHz to G-101-JN-ERE1 50 MHz MB88155PFT- 12.5 MHz to G-102-JN-ERE1 25 MHz MB88155PFT- 25 MHz to G-103-JN-ERE1 50 MHz The same Multiplied as input by 1 MB88155PFT- 12.5 MHz to frequency G-110-JN-ERE1 25 MHz MB88155PFT- 25 MHz to G-111-JN-ERE1 50 MHz MB88155PFT- 12.5 MHz to G-112-JN-ERE1 25 MHz MB88155PFT- 25 MHz to G-113-JN-ERE1 50 MHz MB88155PFTG-400-JN-ERE1 MB88155PFTG-402-JN-ERE1 12.5 MHz to Multiplied 50 MHz to by 4 80 MHz MB88155PFT- 20 MHz G-410-JN-ERE1 MB88155PFTG-412-JN-ERE1 Down spread Center spread Down spread Down spread Center spread Yes No 8-pin plastic Emboss TSSOP taping (FPT-8P-M07) (EF type) No Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes No Yes 8-pin plastic Emboss TSSOP taping (FPT-8P-M07) (EF type) Center spread Yes No No Yes Yes No 8-pin plastic Emboss TSSOP taping (FPT-8P-M07) (ER type) No Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes No Yes Center spread 22 MB88155 ■ PACKAGE DIMENSIONS 8-pin plastic TSSOP Lead pitch Package width × package length Lead shape Sealing method Mounting height 0.65 mm 4.40 mm × 3.10 mm Gullwing Plastic mold 1.20 mm Max (FPT-8P-M07) 8-pin plastic TSSOP (FPT-8P-M07) 3.10±0.10(.122±.004) 8 5 Note) Pins width and pins thickness include plating thickness. 0.127±0.08 (.0050±.003) 4.40±0.10 6.40±0.20 (.173±.004) (.252±.008) INDEX Details of "A" part 1.20(.047)MAX 1 4 "A" 0~8˚ 0.10±0.05 (Stand off) (.004±.002) 0.65(.026) TYP 0.22±0.10 (.009±.004) 0.50(.020) NOM 0.60±0.10 (.024±.004) 0.25(.010) 0.10(.004) 1.95(.077) REF C 2006 FUJITSU LIMITED F08015Sc-1-1 Dimensions in mm (inches). Note: The values in parentheses are reference values Please confirm the latest Package dimension by following URL. http://edevice.fujitsu.com/package/en-search/ 23 FUJITSU MICROELECTRONICS LIMITED Shinjuku Dai-Ichi Seimei Bldg. 7-1, Nishishinjuku 2-chome, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-0722, Japan Tel: +81-3-5322-3347 Fax: +81-3-5322-3387 http://jp.fujitsu.com/fml/en/ For further information please contact: North and South America FUJITSU MICROELECTRONICS AMERICA, INC. 1250 E. Arques Avenue, M/S 333 Sunnyvale, CA 94085-5401, U.S.A. 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