A1974

Universal Streak Camera C5680 Series Measurements Ranging From X-Ray to Near Infrared With a Temporal Resolution of 2 ps The streak camera is an ultra high-speed detector which captures light emission phenomena occurring in extremely short time periods. Not only can the streak camera measure intensity variations with superb temporal resolution, but it can also be used for simultaneous measurement of the spatial (or spectral) distribution. The C5680 Streak Camera Series is a universal streak camera which incorporates all of the specialized technology and expertise HAMAMATSU has acquired in over 20 years of research. The streak tubes are manufactured on a regular production schedule at Hamamatsu to provide consistency and reliability. Special requests and custom designs are also available. APPLICATIONS • Measurement of electron bunch for • Research involving X-ray lasers, free • • • • electron lasers, and various other types of pulsed lasers Plasma light emission, radiation, laser ablasion, combustion and explosions Fluorescence lifetime measurement, transient absorption measurement, time-resolved raman spectroscopy Optical soliton communications, response measurement with quantum devices Lidar Thomson scattering, laser distance measurement synchrotron and LINAC applications FEATURES • Temporal resolution of within 2 ps A temporal resolution of 2 ps is achieved for both synchroscan and single shot. OPERATING PRINCIPLE The light pulse to be measured is projected onto the slit and is focused by the lens into an optical image on the photocathode of the streak tube. Changing the temporal and spatial offset slightly each time, four light pulses, each with a different light itensity, are introduced through the slit and conducted to the photocathode. Here, the photons are converted into a number of electrons proportional to the intensity of the incident light. The four light pulses are converted sequentially to electrons which are then accelerated and conducted towards the photocathode. As the group of electrons created from the four light pulses passes between a pair of sweep electrodes, a high voltage is applied (see above), resulting in a high-speed sweep (the electrons are swept in the direction from top to bottom). The electrons are deflected at different times, and at slightly different angles in the perpendicular direction, and are then conducted to the MCP (micro-channel plate). As the electrons pass the MCP, they are multiplied several thousands of times and are then bombarded against the phosphorscreen, where they are converted back into light. The fluorescence image corresponding to the first incident light pulse is positioned at the top of the phosphor screen, followedby the others, with images proceeding in descending order; inother words, the axis in the perpendicular direction on the phosphor screen serves as the temporal axis. The brightnesses ofthe various fluorescence images are proportional to theintensities of the corresponding incident light pulses. The positions in the horizontal direction on the phosphor screen correspond to the positions of the incident light in the horizontal direction. • Several plug-in module, operating mode. • Accommodates a diverse range of experimental setups from single light emitting phenomena to high-speed repeated phenomena in the GHz. • Can be used in X-ray to near infrared fields By selecting the appropriate streak tube (light sensor), the C5680 can be used in a wide range of measurement applications, from X-rays to near infrared light. • Simultaneous measurement of light intensity on temporal and spatial (wavelength) axes Spectrograph can be placed in front of the streak camera, to convert the spatial axis to a wavelength axis. This enables changes in the light intensity to be measured over various wavelength (time-resolved spectroscopy). • Ultra-high sensitivity (detection of single photons) The streak tube converts light into electrons which are then multiplied by an electron multiplier. This enables detection of extremely faint light (at the single-photon level). (See photon counting integration principle) THE PRINCIPLE OF PHOTON COUNTING INTEGRATION Photoelectrons given off from the photocathode of the streak tube are multiplied at a high integration rate by the MCP, and one photoelectron is counted as one intensity point on the phosphor screen. A threshold value is then used with this photoelectron image to clearly separate out noise. Separation of Photoelectron Image and Noise Photon Counting Integration • IEEE-488 (GP-IB) control Computer control enables remote control and advanced measurements to be performed out using very simple operation. • Diverse selection of peripheral equipment A full lineup of peripheral devices is available, including spectroscopes, optical trigger heads, and expansion units. A/D conversion value Photoelectron image Threshold value The operating principle of the streak camera Signal output from CCD camera Noise Time (wavelength) 0ps 200ps 400ps 600ps 800ps 1ns 1.2ns 1.4ns 1.6ns 1.8ns Trigger signal Sweep circuit Sweep electrode (where electrons are swept in the direction from top to bottom) Light source: PLP (λ = 800 nm) Integration time: 1 min. Streak image on phosphor screen Optical intensity Lens Time Incident light Space Slit Photocathode (light → electrons) Accelerating electrode (where electrons are accelerated) Phosphor screen (electrons → light) Time Space Positions in the photoelectron image which are above the threshold value are detected and are integrated in the memory, enabling noise to be eliminated completely. This makes it possible to achieve data measurements with a high dynamic range and high S/N. MCP (which multiplies electrons) The intensity of the incident light can be read from the brightness of the phosphor screen, and the time and space from the position of the phosphor screen. 2 FUNCTION CONFIGURATION 1 C5680 Main Unit (with power supply and camera controller) £Function expansion unit Selection of C5680 main unit Selection of input optics system Selection of streak tube Selection of output format Selection of sweep unit ™Sweep unit Selection of function expansion unit SPECIFICATIONS 1 C5680 Main Unit [Suffix (Model No.)] One of the following suffixes is appended to the model number of the C5680, depending on the type of streak tube and output format used. C5680– 1Input optics system .......... 1 Accommodates 200 nm to 850 nm, 1 MCP 2 3 2 Lens output type 4 3 Video output type 5 Accommodates 300 nm to 1600 nm, 1 MCP Accommodates 115 nm to 850 nm, 1 MCP Accommodates 200 nm to 900 nm, 1 MCP Accommodates 200 nm to 850 nm, 2 MCPs 2 Streak tube 3 Output format 1 Input Optics System Model Name Spectral Transmission Image Effective F Value Multiplication Ratio 5.0 1.2 1.2 3.5 1:1 1:1 0 to 5 mm A1974-01 400 nm to 1600 nm A1976-04 200 nm to 1600 nm 1:1 1:1 5 µm Slit Width Slit Width Overall Reading Length Precision 98.2 mm 159 mm 159 mm 98.2 mm 2 Streak Tube Model Name N5716 Spectral Response Characteristic 200 nm to 850 nm Effective Photocathode Size MCP Gain Phosphor Screen Spatial Resolution 25 lp/mm or more centered on photocathode A1976-01 200 nm to 1600 nm A1974 400 nm to 900 nm .... N5716-02 300 nm to 1600 nm N5716-01 N5716-03 N5864 115 nm to 850 nm 200 nm to 900 nm 200 nm to 850 nm The A1974 and A1974-01 are optional units. • Photocathode • 0.15 × 5.3 mm c h a ra c t e r i s t i c Lens output P-43 type 3 • 0.15 × 4.8 mm 3 × 10 • Fiber-optic output • Effective photoVideo output type cathode size 5 6 × 10 • 18 mm X-ray streak cameras designed for use with 10 eV to 10 keV can also be selected. Spectral transmittance of input optics system 100 80 Transmittance (%) 10 5 Spectral response of the streak tube N5716-01 N5716-03 A1974 A1976-01 A1974-01 10 4 N5716, N5864 60 103 Radiant sensitivity (µA/W) 40 20 0 N5716-02 102 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Wavelength (nm) 101 100 10-1 10-2 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Wavelength (nm) 3 3 Output Formats • M5676 Fast Single Sweep Unit 1 : 0.7 (50 mm : 35 mm) F/2.0 Temporal resolution........................ Better than 2 ps at 800 nm (1.5 ps typ.) Sweep time Video output type ....... 0.15, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 ns/full screen Lens output type ........ 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 ns/full screen Trigger jitter ................................ Better than 20 ps Trigger delay ................................ Approx. 13 ns (fastest range) Maximum sweep repetition frequency (max.) ... 10 kHz Trigger signal input ....................... ± 5 V/50 Ω • Lens output ..... Magnification Effective F value F-mount • Video output ... Signal format CCIR or RS-170 Coupling method Fiber optics Resolution 768 × 493 or 756 × 581 pixels 4 Other 5680 Specifications • Gate Gating Method MCP + horizontal blanking MCP + horizontal blanking + photocathode Gate Extinction Ratio 6 Gate Time 1 : 10 min. 50 ns to continuous 1 : 108 min. 50 ns to continuous • • • • • Gate trigger input ....................................... 3.5 V to 5.0 V/50 Ω Gate trigger delay time ...................................... 120 ns max. Max. horizontal blanking repetition frequency ............ 2 MHz Max. MCP gate repetition frequency ......................... 10 kHz Max. photocathode gate repetition frequency ........... 10 kHz • M5677 Slow Single Sweep Unit Temporal resolution....................... Sweep time ................................... Trigger jitter ................................... Trigger delay ................................. Maximum sweep repetition frequency (max.) .. Trigger signal input ....................... Better than 50 ps 50 ns to 1 ms/full screen Better than temporal resolution Approx. 45 ns (fastest range) 2 MHz (fastest range) ± 5 V/50 Ω • Monitor out signal ................ 3.5 Vp-p (typ.) • Interface ............................... IEEE-488 (GP-IB) • Status output ....................... D sub-connector DB-25S, 16-bit • Line voltage ......................... AC110/117/220/240 V, 50/60 Hz • Power consumption ............. Approx. 180 V A • parallel output, open collector 2 Sweep units (Plug-in: built into main unit) • M5675 Synchroscan Unit Temporal resolution................... Better than 2 ps at 800 nm (N5716-01) Better than 3 ps at 800 nm (N5716-02) Sweep range Video output type . 150 ps to 1/6 fs (fs:synchroscan frequency) Lens output type ... 200 ps to 1/6 fs Sweep range ........................... 4 selectable range Synchroscan frequency ............ Factory set within a range of 75 MHz to 165 MHz Synchronous frequency range .. fs ± 0.2 MHz (fs = synchroscan frequency) Trigger jitter ........................... Better than temporal resolution Trigger signal input .................... –3 dBm to 17 dBm / 50 Ω 3 Function Expansion Units (connected to • M5678 Synchronous Blanking Unit (designed for use in conjunction with M5675 Synchroscan) Synchroscan frequency ........ Factory set within a range of 75 MHz to 165 MHz Horizontal shift width ............. 2.5 mm or 11 mm (at phosphor screen) top of main unit) • M5679 Dual Time Base Extender Unit (Can be used in conjunction with all sweep units) Sweep time ...................................... 10 ns to 100 ms/full screen Maximum sweep repetition frequency (max.) ... 10 Hz Trigger signal input .......................... ± 5 V/50 Ω 4 READOUT SYSTEM (HPD-TA) Frame Grabber 1 Input optics 2 Output format Video output (Video CCD Camera) Streak Image Analysis Software Streak Image Analysis Systems for IBM® PC/AT 3 Readout system (HPD-TA) Cooled digital camera C4742-95 Series (ORCA) Control unit Camera head Lens output Personal computer (IBM PC/AT Compatible) Femtosecond Streak Camera Mount Table A1471-12 GP-IB board 4 General Outline The HPD-TA (Temporal Analyzer) is a high-performance digital data acquisition and control system specifically designed to read out images from the Hamamatsu streak camera’s phosphor screen. It enables precise, quantitative acquisition and pre-analysis of two dimensional streak data that includes photon counting plus a full range of data correction and calibration possibilities. It possible to select the best camera for a given streak configuration and application. The camera is connected to an IBM-compatible PC/AT via a frame grabber board that can support real-time data transfer. The HPD-TA allows the remote control of the C5680 via GPIB interface. The entire system is controlled through a powerful but userfriendly software application that runs on a Microsoft Windows platform. * A read out system based on the Macintosh® computer is also available. Please consult with our sales office for more details. •Functions & Specifications Items Camera model Coupling method Resolution (pixels) Dynamic range Single frame Integration Cooled CCD version C4742-95 Series (ORCA) Relay lens 1280 × 1024 10 or 12 bits 16 bits 9 Hz (normal) / 18 Hz (super pixel) • • 132 µs to 10 s on chip / into memory • • • • linear / nonlinear, both ax up to 10 Binary,TIFF, ASCII ASCII GPIB or StatusPort GPIB Video version Video CCD Fiber optics 756 × 581 8 bits 16 bits 30 Hz – – 40 ms or 33 ms into memory • • • • linear / nonlinear, both axes up to 10 Binary, TIFF, ASCII ASCII GPIB or StatusPort GPIB Frame rate Superpixel mode Subarray scan mode Single exposure time Analog integration Photon counting Dark correction Shading correction Curvature correction Calibration Multiple profiles Data export (images) Data export (profiles) Streak camera interface Other devices interf 5 Computer Environment The HPD-TA requires an industry-standard Pentium-class (or compatible) PC with a 32-bit Microsoft Windows version. A fast, highresolution graphics configuration is recommended. Depending on the streak camera system configuration, a number of PCI and/or ISA slots as well as a serial interface port may be occupied. (Please consult Hamamatsu for a detailed specification for a given case.) 5 PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT Light-emitting phenomenon ¶Input section Streak camera •Trigger unit §Optical trigger 6 Optical Trigger (PIN diode head) • PIN Diode Head C1083-01 (for Low Repetition) 7 Input Section • Spectroscopes C5094 and C5095 Spectral response 400 nm to 1100 nm Rise time 0.8 ns Dimensions/weight Head: 100 (W) × 160 to 235 (H) × 50 (D) mm/400 g Power supply unit: 100 (W) × 83(H) × 100 (D) mm/400 g Power supply +22.5 V (battery) Optical layout Focal distance F value Incident light slit width Grating Reciprocal dispersion Wavelength resolution • PIN Diode Head C1808-03 (for High Repetition) C5094 C5095 Czerny-Turner model (with toroidal mirror for aberration correction) 250 mm 500 mm 4 8 Variable between 10 µm to 2,000 µm Up to 3 can be installed simultaneously 2.5 nm/mm 1.5 nm/mm (when using 1200 gr/mm) (when using 1200 gr/mm) < reciprocal dispersion × 0.06 The following are needed in order to connect these units to the C5680: • A spectroscope mounting table • A spectroscope adaptor • A light source for wavelength axis calibration (mercury lamp, etc.) • Fiber-optic Input Optics System (FC Connector) A6368 Minimum input level Saturation output level Frequency band Power supply 1 mW (f=80 MHz, λ=800 mm, FWHM