CA555

Semiconductor PO UCT UCT D ROD TE P TE PRO E SOL STITU OB UB 5 LE S ICM755 SSIB CA555, CA555C, LM555C December 1999 File Number 834.6 Timers for Timing Delays and Oscillator Applications in Commercial, Industrial and Military Equipment [ /Title The CA555 and CA555C are highly stable timers for use in (CA55 precision timing and oscillator applications. As timers, these 5, monolithic integrated circuits are capable of producing CA555 accurate time delays for periods ranging from microseconds through hours. These devices are also useful for astable C, LM555 oscillator operation and can maintain an accurately controlled free running frequency and duty cycle with only C) two external resistors and one capacitor. /SubThe circuits of the CA555 and CA555C may be triggered by ject the falling edge of the waveform signal, and the output of (Tim- these circuits can source or sink up to a 200mA current or ers for drive TTL circuits. Timing These types are direct replacements for industry types in Delays packages with similar terminal arrangements e.g. SE555 and and NE555, MC1555 and MC1455, respectively. The CA555 Oscilla- type circuits are intended for applications requiring premium electrical performance. The CA555C type circuits are tor Appli- intended for applications requiring less stringent electrical cations characteristics. in Part Number Information ComPART NUMBER TEMP. PKG. mer(BRAND) RANGE (oC) PACKAGE NO. cial, CA0555E -55 to 125 8 Ld PDIP E8.3 IndusCA0555CE 0 to 70 8 Ld PDIP E8.3 trial LM555CN 0 to 70 8 Ld PDIP E8.3 and MiliPinout tary CA555, CA555C, LM555C, (PDIP) EquipTOP VIEW ment) 8 V+ GND 1 /Author 7 DISCHARGE TRIGGER 2 () OUTPUT 3 6 THRESHOLD /Key5 CONTROL RESET 4 words VOLTAGE (Harris Semiconductor, single, timer, Features • Accurate Timing From Microseconds Through Hours • Astable and Monostable Operation • Adjustable Duty Cycle • Output Capable of Sourcing or Sinking up to 200mA • Output Capable of Driving TTL Devices • Normally ON and OFF Outputs • High Temperature Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.005%/oC • Directly Interchangeable with SE555, NE555, MC1555, and MC1455 Applications • Precision Timing • Sequential Timing • Time Delay Generation • Pulse Generation • Pulse Detector • Pulse Width and Position Modulation Functional Block Diagram V+ TRIGGER CONTROL 8 VOLTAGE 5 2 THRESHOLD TRIGGER COMPAR 6 OUTPUT THRESHOLD COMPAR FLIP-FLOP 3 7 RESET 4 1 GND 1 CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. Copyright © Harris Corporation 1999 DISCHARGE OUTPUT CA555, CA555C, LM555C Absolute Maximum Ratings DC Supply Voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18V Thermal Information Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 1) θJA (oC/W) θJC (oC/W) PDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 N/A Maximum Junction Temperature (Plastic Package) . . . . . . . 150oC Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . -65oC to 150oC Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . 300oC Operating Conditions Temperature Range CA555 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55oC to 125oC CA555C, LM555C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0oC to 70oC CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. NOTE: 1. θJA is measured with the component mounted on an evaluation PC board in free air. Electrical Specifications PARAMETER DC Supply Voltage DC Supply Current (Low State) (Note 2) Threshold Voltage Trigger Voltage TA = 25oC, V+ = 5V to 15V Unless Otherwise Specified CA555 SYMBOL V+ I+ V+ = 5V, RL = ∞ V+ = 15V, RL = ∞ VTH V+ = 5V V+ = 15V TEST CONDITIONS MIN 4.5 1.45 4.8 ITH 0.4 V+ = 5V V+ = 15V 2.9 9.6 3.0 13.0 tR tF TYP 3 10 (2/3)V+ 1.67 5 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.1 3.33 10 0.1 0.1 0.4 2.0 2.5 3.3 13.3 12.5 0.5 30 0.05 100 100 MAX 18 5 12 1.9 5.2 0.25 1.0 3.8 10.4 0.25 0.15 0.5 2.2 2 100 0.2 CA555C, LM555C MIN 4.5 0.4 2.6 9 2.75 12.75 TYP 3 10 (2/3)V+ 1.67 5 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.1 3.33 10 0.25 0.1 0.4 2.0 2.5 3.3 13.3 12.5 1 50 0.1 100 100 MAX 16 6 15 0.25 1.0 4 11 0.35 0.25 0.75 2.5 UNITS V mA mA V V V µA µA V mA V V V V V V V V V V V % ppm/oC %/V ns ns Trigger Current Threshold Current (Note 3) Reset Voltage Reset Current Control Voltage Level Output Voltage Low State VOL V+ = 5V, ISINK = 5mA ISINK = 8mA V+ = 15V, ISINK = 10mA ISINK = 50mA ISINK = 100mA ISINK = 200mA Output Voltage High State VOH V+ = 5V, ISOURCE = 100mA V+ = 15V, ISOURCE = 100mA ISOURCE = 200mA Timing Error (Monostable) Frequency Drift with Temperature Drift with Supply Voltage Output Rise Time Output Fall Time NOTES: R1, R2 = 1kΩ to 100kΩ, C = 0.1µF Tested at V+ = 5V, V+ = 15V 2. When the output is in a high state, the DC supply current is typically 1mA less than the low state value. 3. The threshold current will determine the sum of the values of R1 and R2 to be used in Figure 4 (astable operation); the maximum total R1 + R2 = 20MΩ. 2 CA555, CA555C, LM555C Schematic Diagram V+ 8 4.7K 830 D1 4.7K D2 Q10 Q3 Q4 1K 5K 6.8K THRESHOLD COMPARATOR TRIGGER COMPARATOR FLIP-FLOP OUTPUT Q16 Q19 Q20 3.9K OUTPUT 3 THRESHOLD 6 Q1 Q2 Q5 5K 10K CONTROL VOLTAGE 5 2 TRIGGER RESET 4 RESET 7 DISCHARGE 1 VQ6 DISCHARGE 100 Q8 100K Q9 Q11 Q12 Q13 5K Q14 Q7 4.7K 7K D3 D4 Q18 220 Q17 Q15 4.7K Q21 NOTE: Resistance values are in ohms. Typical Applications Reset Timer (Monostable Operation) Figure 1 shows the CA555 connected as a reset timer. In this mode of operation capacitor CT is initially held discharged by a transistor on the integrated circuit. Upon closing the “start” switch, or applying a negative trigger pulse to terminal 2, the integral timer flip-flop is “set” and releases the short circuit across CT which drives the output voltage “high” (relay energized). The action allows the voltage across the capacitor to increase exponentially with the constant t = R1CT. When the voltage across the capacitor equals 2/3 V+, the comparator resets the flip-flop which in turn discharges the capacitor rapidly and drives the output to its low state. Since the charge rate and threshold level of the comparator are both directly proportional to V+, the timing interval is relatively independent of supply voltage variations. Typically, the timing varies only 0.05% for a 1V change in V+. Applying a negative pulse simultaneously to the reset terminal (4) and the trigger terminal (2) during the timing cycle discharges CT and causes the timing cycle to restart. Momentarily closing only the reset switch during the timing interval discharges CT, but the timing cycle does not restart. R1 7 CA555 6 1 2 CT 4.7K S1 START 5 10K RELAY COIL RESET 680 4 8 EO 3 1N4001 V+ 5V 0.01µF 680 NOTE: All resistance values are in ohms. FIGURE 1. RESET TIMER (MONOSTABLE OPERATION) 3 CA555, CA555C, LM555C Figure 2 shows the typical waveforms generated during this mode of operation, and Figure 3 gives the family of time delay curves with variations in R1 and CT. SWITCH S1 “OPEN” 3V INPUT VOLTAGE (TERMINAL 2) SWITCH S1 “CLOSED” 0 3.3V CAPACITOR VOLTAGE (TERMINALS 6, 7) 0 tD 5V OUTPUT VOLTAGE (TERMINAL 3) 0 CT Repeat Cycle Timer (Astable Operation) Figure 4 shows the CA555 connected as a repeat cycle timer. In this mode of operation, the total period is a function of both R1 and R2. V+ 5V R1 7 R2 6 1 2 CA555 5 4 8 EO 3 RELAY COIL 0.01µF FIGURE 4. REPEAT CYCLE TIMER (ASTABLE OPERATION) FIGURE 2. TYPICAL WAVEFORMS FOR RESET TIMER T = 0.693 (R1 + 2R2) CT = t1 + t2 100 TA = 25oC V+ = 5V where t1 = 0.693 (R1 + R2) CT and t2 = 0.693 (R2) CT the duty cycle is: R1 = 1kΩ 10kΩ 100kΩ 1MΩ 10MΩ 10 CAPACITANCE (µF) 1 t1 R1 + R2 --------------- = ----------------------t 1 + t 2 R 1 + 2R 2 0.1 0.01 0.001 10-5 Typical waveforms generated during this mode of operation are shown in Figure 5. Figure 6 gives the family of curves of free running frequency with variations in the value of (R1 + 2R2) and CT. 1 10 10-4 10-3 10-2 TIME DELAY(s) 10-1 FIGURE 3. TIME DELAY vs RESISTANCE AND CAPACITANCE 4 CA555, CA555C, LM555C t1 5V 10 CAPACITANCE (µF) R1 + 2R2 = 1kΩ t2 100 TA = 25oC, V+ = 5V 1 1MΩ 0.1 10MΩ 0 3.3V 100kΩ 10kΩ 0.01 1.7V 0.001 10-1 1 10 102 103 104 105 0 FREQUENCY (Hz) Top Trace: Output voltage (2V/Div. and 0.5ms/Div.) Bottom Trace: Capacitor voltage (1V/Div. and 0.5ms/Div.) FIGURE 5. TYPICAL WAVEFORMS FOR REPEAT CYCLE TIMER FIGURE 6. FREE RUNNING FREQUENCY OF REPEAT CYCLE TIMER WITH VARIATION IN CAPACITANCE AND RESISTANCE Typical Performance Curves MINIMUM PULSE WIDTH (ns) 150 10 TA = -55oC 0oC 25oC 70oC 125oC SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0 2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) MINIMUM TRIGGER (PULSE) VOLTAGE (x V+) (NOTE) 50oC 25oC TA = 125oC 100 50 NOTE: Where x is the decimal multiplier of the supply voltage. FIGURE 7. MINIMUM PULSE WIDTH vs MINIMUM TRIGGER VOLTAGE SUPPLY VOLTAGE - OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2.0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE - LOW STATE (V) TA = -55oC 1.6 25oC FIGURE 8. SUPPLY CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 10.0 V+ = 5V TA = -55oC 1.0 25oC 125oC 1.2 125oC 0.8 0.1 0.4 5V ≤ V+ ≤ 15V 0 1 10 SOURCE CURRENT (mA) 100 0.01 1 10 SINK CURRENT (mA) 100 FIGURE 9. OUTPUT VOLTAGE DROP (HIGH STATE) vs SOURCE CURRENT FIGURE 10. OUTPUT VOLTAGE LOW STATE vs SINK CURRENT 5 CA555, CA555C, LM555C Typical Performance Curves 10.0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE - LOW STATE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE - LOW STATE (V) V+ = 10V TA = -55oC 1.0 125oC 25oC 0.1 25oC (Continued) 10.0 V+ = 15V -55oC 1.0 125oC 25oC 0.1 TA = -55oC 125oC 0.01 1 10 SINK CURRENT (mA) 100 0.01 1 10 SINK CURRENT (mA) 100 FIGURE 11. OUTPUT VOLTAGE LOW STATE vs SINK CURRENT FIGURE 12. OUTPUT VOLTAGE LOW STATE vs SINK CURRENT 1.100 TA = 25oC NORMALIZED DELAY TIME 1.000 NORMALIZED DELAY TIME 1.005 0.990 0.995 0.980 0 2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 17.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 0.985 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE (oC) FIGURE 13. DELAY TIME vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE FIGURE 14. DELAY TIME vs TEMPERATURE PROPAGATION DELAY TIME (ns) 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 oC 25oC 70oC 125oC 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 MINIMUM TRIGGER (PULSE) VOLTAGE (x V+) (NOTE) TA = -55oC NOTE: Where x is the decimal multiplier of the supply voltage. FIGURE 15. PROPAGATION DELAY TIME vs TRIGGER VOLTAGE 6