HT83C51

High Temperature 83C51 Microcontroller HT83C51 The HT83C51 is a monolithic 8-bit microcontroller that is pin equivalent to the Intel 8XC51FC microcontroller. Fabricated with Honeywell’s HTMOS™ dielectrically isolated high temperature process, the HT83C51 is designed specifically for severe high temperature applications such as downhole oil well, aerospace, turbine engine and industrial control. The HT83C51 uses the standard MCS-51 instruction set which is optimized for control applications. Pin-for-pin equivalent to the MCS-51 series product, it is compatible with all known development environments. Key features include the programmable counter array, watch dog timer, enhanced serial port for multi-processor communication and a hierarchical interrupt structure. Software selectable idle is included for reduced power. The HT83C51 varies from the standard 83C51FC, in that it supports half-duplex serial communication, and has 8k Bytes of Mask programmable ROM. The device is available in a standard pinout DIP, with optional packages considered. These microcontrollers provide guaranteed performance supporting operating frequencies in excess of 16 MHz over the full -55 to +225ºC temperature range. Typically, parts will operate up to +300ºC for a year, with derated performance. APPLICATIONS Downhole Oil Well, Avionics, Turbine Engine Control, Industrial Process Control, Nuclear Reactor, Electric Power Conversion, and Heavy Duty Internal Combustion Engine FEATURES  Specified Over -55 to +225°C  On-Chip Oscillator  8-bit CPU Optimized for 5 Volt Control Applications Structure with Seven Sources and Four Priority  Interrupt Levels  Four 8-bit Bidirectional Parallel Ports Duplex Programmable Serial Port with Framing Error  Half Detection and Automatic Address Recognition  Three 16-bit Timer/Counters with One Up/Down Timer/Counter and Clock Out  256 Bytes Internal Data Memory  64K External Data Memory Address Space  Hermetic 40-pin Ceramic Dip  MCS-51 Compatible Instructions Set  Parts burned in at 250ºC  Programmable Counter Array with: Capture/Compare, Software Timer with Watchdog Capability, High Speed Output, and Pulse Width Modulator HT83C51 FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM 2 www.hightempsolutions.com HT83C51 PIN DESCRIPTIONS VDD: +5V Supply Voltage VSS: Circuit Ground Port 0 (P0.0 – P0.7): Port 0 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port. If external Program and/or Data memory are used, port 0 cannot be used for general purpose I/O. During accesses to external Program and Data memory Port 0 is used as the low-order multiplexed address and data bus. In this mode, Port 0 pins use strong internal pullups when emitting 1’s, and are TTL compatible. IF external Program and Data memory are not used, Port 0 pins can be used as general purpose I/O. When the Port pins have 1’s written to them in I/O mode, the pins are floating and can be driven as inputs. An external pullup is required to generate logic high output in I/O mode. Port 1 (P1.0-P1.7): Port 1 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. The output buffers can drive TTL loads. When the Port 1 pins have 1’s written to them, they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs in this state. As inputs, any pins that are externally pulled low will source current because of the pullups. In addition, Port 1 pins have the alternate uses shown in the table below: Port Pin Name Alternate Function P3.0 RXD Serial port input P3.1 TXD Serial port output P3.2 INT0n External interrupt 0 P3.3 INT1n External interrupt 1 P3.4 T0 External clock input for Timer 0 P3.5 T1 External clock input for Timer 1 P3.6 WRn External Data Memory write strobe P3.7 RDn External Data Memory read strobe Port 2 (P2.0-P2.7): Port 2 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. The output buffers can drive TTL loads. When the Port 2 pins have 1’s written to them, they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs in this state. As inputs, any pins that are externally pulled low will source current because of the pullups. Port 2 is used as the high-order address byte during accesses to external Porgram Memory and during accesses to external Data Memeory that use www.hightempsolutions.com 16-bit addressess (i.e. MOVX @DPTR). It uses strong internal pullups when emitting 1’s in this mode. During accesses to external Data Memory that use 8 bit addresses, Port 2 emits the contents of the P2 SFR. Port 3 (P3.0-P3.7): Port 3 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. The output buffers can drive TTL loads. When the Port 3 pins have 1’s written to them, they are pulled high by the internal pullpus and canb euses as iputs in this state. As inputs, any pins that are externally pulled low will source current because of the pullups. In addition, Port 3 pins have the alternate uses shown in the table below: Port Pin Name Alternate Function P1.0 T2 External clock input to timer/clock out P1.1 T2EX Timer/Counter 2 Capture/Reload trigger and direction control P1.2 ECI External count input to PCA P1.3 CEX0 External I/O for PCA capture/compare Module 0 P1.4 CEX1 External I/O for PCA capture/compare Module 1 P1.5 CEX2 External I/O for PCA capture/compare Module 2 P1.6 CEX3 External I/O for PCA capture/compare Module 3 P1.7 CEX4 External I/O for PCA capture/compare Module 4 RST: Reset input. A high on this input for 2 or more oscillator periods while the oscillatoris running resets the device. All ports and Special Function Registers will be reset to their default conditions. Internal data memory is undefined after reset. Program execution will begin within 12 oscillator periods (one machine cycle) after the RST signal is brought low. RST contains an internal pulldown resistor to allow implementing power-up reset with only an external capacitor. ALE: Address Latch Enable. The ALE output is a pulse for latching the low byte of the address during th accesses to output every 6 oscillator cycle and may be used for external timing or clocking. However, during each access to external Data Memory (MOVX instruction), one ALE pulse is skipped. If desired, ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of SFR 8EH. When this bit is set, ALE is active only during a MOVX instruction. Otherwise, the pin is held low. When ALE is disabled, program execution must be limited to the internal 8K program ROM. 3 HT83C51 PSENn: Program Store Enable. This active low signal is the read strobe to the external program th memory. PSENn is activated every 6 oscillator cycle except that 2 PSENn activiations are skipped during external data memory accesses. EAn: External Access Enable. The EAn pin must be strapped to VSS for the HT51 to fetch code from external Program Memory locations 0000H to 1FFFH. The HT83C51 does not contain on-chip program memory. If the EAn pin is held high then code fetched from mrmory locations 0000H to 1FFFH will return all zeroes. IDLE MODE An instruction that sets the PCON. 0-bit causes that to be the last instruction executed prior to going into Idle mode. In the Idle mode, the internal clock to the CPU is gated off but not to the Interrupt, Timer, and Serial Port functions. The PCA can be programmed to either pause or continue operating during Idle Mode. The CPU status is completely preserved and all registers maintain their previous values during Idle Mode. The port pins hold the logical vlaues that they had at the time the Idel mode was activated. ALE and PSENn hold at logic high levels. XTAL 1: Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier. XTAL2: Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier. OSCILLATOR CHARACTERISTICS The input is XTAL1 and the output is XTAL2 for an inverting amplifier which can be used as an on-chip oscillator as shown in Figure 1. Make sure to qualify the crystal or alternate timing source over the temperature range of the intended application. If an external clock source such as the HTOSC is used , XTAL1 should be driven whil XTAL2 floats as shown in Figure 2. There are no duty cycle requirements on the external clock signal, but minimum and maximum high and low times must be observed Idle mode can be terminated in two ways. Activiation of any enabled interrupt will cause te PCON. 0-bit to be cleared by hardware, terminating Idle mode. The interrupt will be serviced, and following the RETI instruction execution, the instruction after the one that caused Idle mode will be executed. Recovery from Idle mode is 3 oscillator periods plus 3 instruction cycles. The other way that Idle mode can be terminated is through a hardware reset, which ca be accomplished by holding the RST pin high for 4 clock periods while the clock is running. Exiting Idle mode with a hardware reset will retain the contents of the on-chip RAM but the values in the SRFs will be lost and program execution will begin at address 0. MEMORY The HT51 has a separate address space for Program and Data Memory. Internally the HT51 contains 256 bytes of Data Memory. It can address up to 64 Kbytes of external Data Memory and 64 Kbytes of external Program Memory. All program memory is internal. The EAn pin must be tied to Vss (ground) to enable access to external program memory. When the EAn pin is tied to Vdd, program fetches to addresses 0000H and 1FFFH will return all zeroes. The EAn pin must be tied to Vss (ground) to enable access to external program memory locations 0000H through 1FFFH. 4 www.hightempsolutions.com HT83C51 The HT51 implements 256 bytes of internal data RAM. The upper 128 bytes of this RAM occupy a parallel address space to the Special Function Registers (SFR’s). The CPU determines if the internal access to an address above 7FH is to the upper 128 bytes of RAM or to the SFR space by the addressing mode of the instruction. If direct addressing is used, the access is to the SFR space. If indirect addressing is used, the acess is to the internal RAM. Stack operations are indirectly addressed so the upper portion of RAM can be used as stack space. INTERRUPTS TIMER/COUNTERS Serial port interrupt enable The HT51 contains three 16-bit timer/counters. Each of these are made up to two 8-bit registers (THx, TLx where x=0, 1, or 2). Each of these three can operate in either timer or counter mode. In the timer mode, the TLx register is incremented once every machine cycle (12 oscillator periods). The th count rate is 1/12 of the oscillator frequency. In counter mode, the register is incremented when a 1 to 0 transition is detected on the alternate function input corresponding to that timer (Tx where x=0, 1, or 2). The maximum rate of count in counter mode th that the HT51 can detect is 1/24 of the oscillator frequency. Timer 1 interrupt enable PCA COUNTER/TIMER The Programmable Counter Array (PCA) contains a single 16-bit counter/timer made up of the CL and CH registers. This timer is used by all 5 capture/compare modules. Its clock input can be programmed to be from one of four sources. These are the oscillator frequency divided by 12, the oscillator frequency divided by 4, Timer 0 overfllow, and an external clock input, ECI, on the alternate function of port pin P1.2. SERIAL PORT There are seven interrupt sources in the HT51. Two are external interrupts (INT0n, INT1n), three are timer interrupts (Timer 0, Timer 1, and Timer 2), one is a PCA interrupt, and one is a serial port interrupt as shown below. PCA interrupt enable Timer 2 interrupt enable External interrupt 1 enable Timer 0 interrupt enable External interrupt 0 enable RESET The reset input is the RST pin. A reset is accomplished by holding the RST pin high for a minimum of 4 clock periods while the clock is running. The CPU generates an internal reset from the external signal. The port pins are driven to the reset state 2 oscillator periods after a valid 1 is detected on the RST pin. While RST is high, PSENn is pulled high, ALE is pulled low, and the port pins are pulled weakly high. All SFRs are reset to their reset values. The internal Data Memory content is not affected by reset. In addition, if the HT51 is in Idle or Power Down mode prior to activation of RST, the HT51 will be taken out of Idle or Power Down mode by the reset. Mode Description Baud Rate 0 8-bit shift register 1/12 times oscillator freq. The processor will begin operation on the second machine cycle after the RST line is brought low. A memory access will be made immediately after the RST line is brought low, but the data is not brought into the processor. The memory access will be repeated on the next machine cycle and actual processing will begin at that time. 1 8-bit UART Variable INSTRUCTION SET 2 9-bit UART 1/64 or 1/32 times oscillator freq. 3 9-bit UART variable The serial port has physically separate receive and transmit buffers, automoatic address recognition and four modes of operation as shown below. www.hightempsolutions.com The instruction set for the HT51 is compatible to the Intel MCS-51 instruction set used on the 8XC51FC. 5 HT83C51 AC CHARACTERISTICS The AC characteristics for the HT51 are shown in the following tables. Each of the timing symbols has 5 characters. The first character is always a ‘T’ (Time). The other characters, depending on their positions, stand for the logical name of a signal or the logical status of that signal. The following is a list of the characters and what they stand for: A: Address Q: Output Data C: Clock R: RDn Signal D: Data T: Time H: Logic Level HIGH V: Valid I: Instruction (program memory contents) W: WRn Signal L: Logic level LOW, or ALE level X: No longer a valid logic P: PSENn Z: Float For example, TAVLL = Time from address valid to ALE low. The characteristics given are over the operating conditions TA=-55ºC to +225ºC, VDD=5V±10%, VSS = 0V. The load capacitance on Port 0, ALE and PSENn=100 pF. Load capacitance for all other outpus =50 pF. Inputs during AC testing are to be driven at VDD – 0.5V for logic 1 and 0.45 V for logic 0. Timing measurements are to be made at VIH min for logic 1 and VIL max for logic 0. For timing purposes, a port pin is no longer floating when a 100 mV change from load voltage occurs, and begins to float when a 100 mV change from the loaded VOL/VOH level occurs. Timing diagrams are shown to illustrate the signal relationships depicted in the tables. 6 www.hightempsolutions.com HT83C51 DC CHARACTERISTICS Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit Test Conditions VIL Input Low Voltage VSS-0.3 0.8 VIH Input High Voltage (except XTAL1, RST) 2.0 VDD+0.5 V VIH1 Input High Voltage (XTAL1, RST) 3.85 VDD+0.5 V VOL Output Low Voltage 0.3 V IOL=100µA 0.45 V IOL=1.6µA 1.0 V IOL=3.5µA 0.3 V IOL=200 µA 0.45 V IOL=3.2µA 1.0 V IOL=7.0µA 4.2 V IOH=-10 µA 3.8 V IOH=-30 µA 3.0 V IOH=-60 µA 4.2 V IOH=-200 µA 3.8 V IOH=-3.2 µA 3.0 V IOH=-7.0 µA VOL1 VOH VOH1 Output Low Voltage PSENn) (1,2) (1,2) (Ports 1,2, and 3) (Ports 0, ALE, Output High Voltage (Ports 1,2, and 3, ALE, PSENn) Output High Voltage (Ports 0) (3) IIL Logical 0 Input Current (Ports 1,2, and 3) -50 µA VIN = 0.45 V ILI Input Leakage Current (Port 0) ±10 µA 0.45 V < Vin < VDD ITL Logical 1 to 0 Transition Current (Ports 1,2, and 3) -650 µA VIN = 2V RRST RST Pulldown Resistor 225 KW CIO Pin Capacintance 10 typical pF @1 MHz, 25ºC IDD Power Supply Current: Operating 70 mA 16 MHz Idle 15 mA 16MHz 10 (1) Under steady state (non-transient conditions, IOL must be limited externally as follows: Maximum IOL per port pin 10mA Maximum IOL per 8-bit port -port 0 26mA -port 1,2,3 15mA Maximum total IOL for all output pins 71mA (2) If OIL exceeds the test conditions, VOL may exceed the related specifications. (3) Pins are not guaranteed to sink current greater than the listed test conditions. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) Input Voltage, VDD to VSS -0.5 to 7.0 V Voltage On Any Pin to VSS -.05 V to VDD + 0.3V Power Dissipation 750 mW Storage Temperature -65 to +325ºC IOL per Output Pin 15 mA www.hightempsolutions.com 7 HT83C51 EXTERNAL PROGRAM AND DATA MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS 8 Symbol Parameter Min TCLCL Clock Period 62.5 1/TCLCL Oscillator Frequency TLHLL ALE Pulse Width TAVLL Max Unit ns 16 MHz 2 TCLCL-40 ns Address Valid to ALE Low TCLCL-40 ns TLLAX Address hold after ALE Low TCLCL-30 ns TLLIV ALE low to Valid Instruction In TLLPL ALE Low to PSENn Low TPLPH PSENn Pulse Width TPLIV PSENn low to Valid Instruction In TPXIX Input Instruction hold after PSENn TPXIZ Input Instruction Float After PSENn TPVIV 4 TCLCL-100 ns TCLCL-30 ns 3 TCLCL-45 ns 3 TCLCL-105 0 ns ns TCLCL-25 ns Address to Valid Instruction In 5 TCLCL-105 ns TPLAZ PSENn Low to Address Float 10 ns TRLRH RDn Pulse Width 6 TCLCL-100 ns TWLWH WRn Pulse Width 6 TCLCL-100 ns TRLDV RDn Low to Valid Data In TRHDX Data Hold After RDn TRHDZ Data Float After RDn 2 TCLCL-60 ns TLLDV ALE Low to Valid Data In 8 TCLCL-150 ns TAVDV Address to Valid Data In 9 TCLCL-165 ns TLLWL ALE Low to RDn or WRn Low 3 TCLCL-50 3 TCLCL+50 ns TAVWL Address Valid to WRn Low 4 TCLCL-130 ns TQVWX Data Valid Before WRn TCLCL-50 ns TWHQX Data Hold After WRn TCLCL-50 ns TQVWH Data Valid to WRn High 7 TCLCL-150 ns TRLAZ RDn Low to Address Float TWHLH RDn or WRn High to ALE High 5 TCLCL-165 0 TCLCL-40 ns ns 0 ns TCLCL+40 ns www.hightempsolutions.com HT83C51 EXTERNAL PROGRAM MEMORY READ CYCLE EXTERNAL DATA MEMORY READ CYCLE EXTERNAL DATA MEMORY WRITE CYCLE www.hightempsolutions.com 9 HT83C51 SERIAL PORT TIMING CHARACTERISTICS – SHIFT REGISTER MODE (MODE 0) Symbol TXLXL TQVXH TXHQX TXHDX TXHDV Parameter Serial Port Clock Period Output Data Setup to Clock Rising Edge Output Data Hold after Clock Rising Edge Input Data Hold after Clock Rising Edge Clock Rising Edge to Input Data Valid 16 MHz Oscillator Min Max 750 492 8 0 492 Variable Oscillator Min 12 TCLCL 10 TCLCL-133 2 TCLCL-117 0 Unit Max 10 TCLCL-133 ns ns ns ns ns SERIAL PORT TIMING WAVEFORMS PERFORMANCE CURVES OVER TEMPERATURE 10 www.hightempsolutions.com HT83C51 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INTEL 8XC51FC AND HT83C51 There are a few areas in which the HT51 differs from the 8XC51FC. These differences will be covered in this appendix. In this discussion, 8XC51FC will be used generically to refer to all speed grades of the Intel 8XC51FC family, including the 16MHz 8XC51FC-1. 1. Reset The 8XC51FC requires the RST input to be held high for at least 24 oscillator periods to guarantee the reset is completed in the chip. Also, the port pins are reset asynchronously as soon as the RST pins is pulled high. On the HT51, all portions of the chip are reset synchronously when the RST pin has been high during 2 rising edges of the input clock. When coming out of reset, the 8XC51FC takes 1 to 2 machine cycles to begin driving ALE and PSENn. The HT51 will begin driving ALE and PSENn2 oscillator periods after the RST is removed but the access during the first machine cycle after reset is ignored by the processor. The second cycle will repeat the access and processing will begin. 5. DC Characteristics VIL min for the 8XC51FC is -0.5V for all inputs except EAn which has a VIL min of 0V. The HT51 has a VIL min for all inputs of Vss-0.3V. 6. Internal Program Memory The 8XC51FC contains 32 Kbytes of internal program ROM (8XC51FC) or EPROM (87C51FC). The HT51 contains 8 Kbytes of internal program ROM. 7. Serial Communications There is a chance the part will miss hardware interrupts when performing full-duplex (simultaneous send and receive) communication or when using the capture or compare modes in the Programmable Counter Array (PCA). As a result, the HT83C51 supports half-duplex operation. Full duplex operation is not supported without additional external hardware. Several acceptable work-around procedures have been identified for the problem associated with the PCA. PINOUT DIAGRAM 2. Power Off Flag The Power Off Flag in the PCON register has not been implemented in the HT51. 3. On Circuit Emulation The On Circuit Emulation mode of operation in the 8XC51FC has not been implemented in the HT51. 4. Operating Conditions The operating voltage range for the 8XC51FC is 5V ± 20%. The operating temperature range is 0º to 70ºC. On the HT51, the operating voltage range is 5V ± 10%. The full speed operating temperature rnage is -55ºC to +225ºC; typically, parts will operate up to +300ºC for a year, with derated performance. www.hightempsolutions.com 11 HT83C51 40-LEAD PACKAGE DETAIL THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Assumes Static Air Convection Θjc 0.9ºC/W Θjc 32.8ºC/W ORDERING INFORMATION H T Process T = Hi Temp SOI Source H = Honeywell 83C51 Part Type 83C51= Microcontroller C D Screening Level C= Commercial Package D = Standard DIP Find out more For more information on Honeywell’s High Temperature Electronics visit us online at www.hightempsolutions.com or contact us at 1-800-323-8295. Customer Service Email: ps.customer.support@honeywell.com. Honeywell reserves the right to make changes to improve reliability, function or design. Honeywell does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Honeywell International Inc. 12001 Highway 55 Plymouth, MN 55441 Tel: 800-323-8295 www.hightempsolutions.com 12 Form #900134 April 2011 ©2011 Honeywell International Inc. www.hightempsolutions.com