LT1498CN8

LT1498/LT1499 10MHz, 6V/µ s, Dual/Quad Rail-to-Rail Input and Output Precision C-Load Op Amps FEATURES s s s s s s s s s s s s s s DESCRIPTION The LT ®1498/LT1499 are dual/quad, rail-to-rail input and output precision C-LoadTM op amps with a 10MHz gainbandwidth product and a 6V/µs slew rate. The LT1498/LT1499 are designed to maximize input dynamic range by delivering precision performance over the full supply voltage. Using a patented technique, both input stages of the LT1498/LT1499 are trimmed, one at the negative supply and the other at the positive supply. The resulting guaranteed common mode rejection is much better than other rail-to-rail input op amps. When used as a unity-gain buffer in front of single supply 12-bit A-to-D converters, the LT1498/LT1499 are guaranteed to add less than 1LSB of error even in single 3V supply systems. With 110dB of supply rejection, the LT1498/LT1499 maintain their performance over a supply range of 2.2V to 36V and are specified for 3V, 5V and ± 15V supplies. The inputs can be driven beyond the supplies without damage or phase reversal of the output. These op amps remain stable while driving capacitive loads up to 10,000pF. The LT1498 is available with the standard dual op amp configuration in 8-pin PDIP and SO packaging. The LT1499 features the standard quad op amp configuration and is available in a 14-pin plastic SO package. These devices can be used as plug-in replacements for many standard op amps to improve input/output range and precision. Frequency Response 10 0 –10 – 20 – 30 GAIN (dB) 6.81k 100pF 5.23k 47pF V+ Rail-to-Rail Input and Output 475µV Max VOS from V + to V – Gain-Bandwidth Product: 10MHz Slew Rate: 6V/µs Low Supply Current per Amplifier: 1.7mA Input Offset Current: 50nA Max Input Bias Current: 500nA Max Open-Loop Gain: 1000V/mV Min Low Input Noise Voltage: 12nV/√Hz Typ Wide Supply Range: 2.2V to ± 15V Large Output Drive Current: 30mA Stable for Capacitive Loads Up to 10,000pF Dual in 8-Pin PDIP and SO Package Quad in Narrow 14-Pin SO APPLICATIONS s s s s s Driving A-to-D Converters Active Filters Rail-to-Rail Buffer Amplifiers Low Voltage Signal Processing Battery-Powered Systems , LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. C-Load is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation. TYPICAL APPLICATION Single Supply 100kHz 4th Order Butterworth Filter VIN 330pF 1/2 LT1498 1000pF V +/2 + – + – 6.81k 11.3k 5.23k 10.2k 1/2 LT1498 VOUT –100 1498 TA01 –110 100 U U U VIN = 2.7VP-P V + = 3V – 40 – 50 – 60 –70 – 80 – 90 1k 100k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M 1498 TA02 1 LT1498/LT1499 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Total Supply Voltage (V + to V –) ............................. 36V Input Current ..................................................... ±10mA Output Short-Circuit Duration (Note 1) ........ Continuous Operating Temperature Range ............... – 40°C to 85°C Specified Temperature Range (Note 3) .... – 40°C to 85°C Junction Temperature .......................................... 150°C Storage Temperature Range ................. – 65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec).................. 300°C PACKAGE/ORDER INFORMATION TOP VIEW OUT A 1 – IN A 2 + IN A 3 V– 4 N8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PDIP A B ORDER PART NUMBER 8 7 6 5 V+ OUT B – IN B + IN B LT1498CN8 LT1498CS8 S8 PART MARKING 1498 S8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PLASTIC SO TJMAX = 150° C, θJA = 130°C/ W (N8) TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 190°C/ W (S8) Consult factory for Military and Industrial grade parts. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25°C, VS = 5V,0V; VS = 3V,0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER VOS ∆VOS IB ∆IB Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Shift Input Bias Current Input Bias Current Shift Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) IOS ∆IOS en in CIN AVOL Input Offset Current Input Offset Current Shift Input Noise Voltage Input Noise Voltage Density Input Noise Current Density Input Capacitance Large-Signal Voltage Gain VS = 5V, VO = 75mV to 4.8V, RL = 10k VS = 3V, VO = 75mV to 2.8V, RL = 10k 600 500 CONDITIONS VCM = V + VCM = V – VCM = V – to V + VCM = VCM = V – VCM = V – to V + VCM = VCM = V – (Note 4) VCM = V + VCM = V – VCM = V – to V + 0.1Hz to 10Hz f = 1kHz f = 1kHz V + (Note 4) 0 – 100 V+ 0 – 500 MIN TYP 150 150 150 200 250 – 250 500 10 – 10 5 5 10 400 12 0.3 5 3800 2000 MAX 475 475 425 750 500 0 1000 100 0 50 50 100 UNITS µV µV µV µV nA nA nA nA nA nA nA nA nVP-P nV/√Hz pA/√Hz pF V/mV V/mV Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = V +, V – (Note 4) 2 U U W WW U W TOP VIEW OUTA 1 – IN A 2 + IN A 3 V+ 4 + IN B 5 – IN B 6 OUT B 7 B C A D 14 OUT D 13 – IN D 12 + IN D 11 V – 10 + IN C 9 8 – IN C OUT C ORDER PART NUMBER LT1499CS S PACKAGE 14-LEAD PLASTIC SO TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 150°C/ W LT1498/LT1499 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TA = 25°C, VS = 5V,0V; VS = 3V,0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) PSRR VOL Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 5) CONDITIONS VS = 5V, VCM = V – to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – to V + VS = 5V, VCM = V – to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – to V + VS = 2.2V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V VS = 2.2V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 2.5mA No Load ISOURCE = 0.5mA ISOURCE = 2.5mA VS = 5V VS = 3V ± 12.5 ± 12.0 6.8 VS = 5V, AV = – 1, RL = Open, VO = 4V VS = 3V, AV = – 1, RL = Open 2.6 2.3 MIN 81 76 75 70 88 82 TYP 90 86 91 86 105 103 14 35 90 2.5 50 140 ± 24 ± 19 1.7 10.5 4.5 4.0 2.2 30 70 200 10 100 250 MAX UNITS dB dB dB dB dB dB mV mV mV mV mV mV mA mA mA MHz V/µs V/µs VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 5) ISC IS GBW SR Short-Circuit Current Supply Current per Amplifier Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 6) Slew Rate (Note 7) 0°C < TA < 70°C, VS = 5V, 0V; VS = 3V, 0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER VOS VOS TC ∆VOS IB ∆ IB Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift (Note 2) VCM = V + Input Offset Voltage Shift Input Bias Current Input Bias Current Shift Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) IOS ∆IOS AVOL CMRR Input Offset Current Input Offset Current Shift Large-Signal Voltage Gain Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + V – + 0.1V, V + (Note 4) VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VCM = VCM = V – + 0.1V (Note 4) VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 5V, VO = 75mV to 4.8V, RL = 10k VS = 3V, VO = 75mV to 2.8V, RL = 10k VS = 5V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 5V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 2.3V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V VS = 2.3V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V V + (Note 4) Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = CONDITIONS VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q MIN TYP 175 175 0.5 1.5 170 200 MAX 650 650 2.5 4.0 600 900 600 0 1200 170 0 85 85 170 UNITS µV µV µV/°C µV/°C µV µV nA nA nA nA nA nA nA nA V/mV V/mV dB dB dB dB dB dB 0 – 600 0 – 170 275 – 275 550 15 – 15 10 10 20 500 400 78 73 74 69 86 80 2500 2000 89 85 90 86 102 102 3 LT1498/LT1499 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 0°C < TA < 70°C, VS = 5V, 0V; VS = 3V, 0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER VOL Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 5) CONDITIONS No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 2.5mA No Load ISOURCE = 0.5mA ISOURCE = 2.5mA VS = 5V VS = 3V q q q q q q q q q q MIN TYP 17 40 110 3.5 55 160 MAX 35 80 220 15 120 300 UNITS mV mV mV mV mV mV mA mA VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 5) ISC IS GBW SR Short-Circuit Current Supply Current per Amplifier Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 6) Slew Rate (Note 7) ± 12 ± 10 6.1 2.5 2.2 ± 23 ± 20 1.9 9 4.0 3.5 2.6 mA MHz V/µs V/µs VS = 5V, AV = –1, RL = Open, VO = 4V VS = 3V, AV = –1, RL = Open q q – 40°C < TA < 85°C, VS = 5V, 0V; VS = 3V, 0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. (Note 3) SYMBOL PARAMETER VOS VOS TC ∆VOS IB ∆IB Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift (Note 2) VCM = V + Input Offset Voltage Shift Input Bias Current Input Bias Current Shift Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) IOS ∆IOS AVOL CMRR Input Offset Current Input Offset Current Shift Large-Signal Voltage Gain Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) PSRR VOL Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 5) VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + V – + 0.1V, V + (Note 4) VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VCM = V + (Note 4) VCM = V – + 0.1V (Note 4) VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 5V, VO = 75mV to 4.8V, RL = 10k VS = 3V, VO = 75mV to 2.8V, RL = 10k VS = 5V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 5V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 3V, VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VS = 2.5V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V VS = 2.5V to 12V, VCM = VO = 0.5V No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 2.5mA No Load ISOURCE = 0.5mA ISOURCE = 2.5mA Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = CONDITIONS VCM = VCM = V+ V – + 0.1V q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q MIN TYP 250 250 0.5 1.5 250 300 MAX 750 750 2.5 4.0 650 1500 750 0 1500 180 0 90 90 180 UNITS µV µV µV/°C µV/°C µV µV nA nA nA nA nA nA nA nA V/mV V/mV dB dB dB dB dB dB 0 – 750 0 – 180 350 – 350 700 30 – 30 15 15 30 400 300 77 73 72 69 86 80 2500 2000 86 81 86 83 100 100 18 45 110 3.5 60 170 40 80 220 15 120 300 mV mV mV mV mV mV VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 5) 4 LT1498/LT1499 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS – 40°C < TA < 85°C, VS = 5V, 0V; VS = 3V, 0V; VCM = VOUT = half supply, unless otherwise noted. (Note 3) SYMBOL PARAMETER ISC IS GBW SR Short-Circuit Current Supply Current per Amplifier Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 6) Slew Rate (Note 7) VS = 5V, AV = –1, RL = Open, VO = 4V VS = 3V, AV = –1, RL = Open CONDITIONS VS = 5V VS = 3V q q q q q q MIN ± 7.5 ± 7.5 5.8 2.2 1.9 TYP ± 15 ± 15 2.0 8.5 3.6 3.2 MAX UNITS mA mA 2.7 mA MHz V/µs V/µs TA = 25°C, VS = ± 15V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = 0V, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER VOS ∆VOS IB ∆IB Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Shift Input Bias Current Input Bias Current Shift Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) IOS ∆IOS en in AVOL Input Offset Current Input Offset Current Shift Input Noise Voltage Input Noise Voltage Density Input Noise Current Density Large-Signal Voltage Gain Channel Separation CMRR PSRR VOL Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 5) CONDITIONS VCM = VCM = V – VCM = V – to V + V +, V – (Note 4) 0 – 550 0 – 120 VCM = V + VCM = V – VCM = V – to V + VCM = VCM = V – (Note 4) VCM = V + VCM = V – VCM = V – to V + 0.1Hz to 10Hz f = 1kHz f = 1kHz VO = – 14.5V to 14.5V, RL = 10k VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k VCM = VCM = V – to V + V – to V + 1000 500 116 93 87 89 83 V + (Note 4) V+ MIN TYP 200 200 150 250 250 – 250 500 12 – 12 6 6 12 400 12 0.3 5200 2300 130 106 103 110 105 18 40 230 2.5 55 420 ± 15 6.8 AV = – 1, RL = Open, VO = ± 10V Measure at VO = ± 5V 3.5 ± 30 1.8 10.5 6 2.5 30 80 500 10 120 800 MAX 800 800 650 1400 550 0 1100 120 0 60 60 120 UNITS µV µV µV µV nA nA nA nA nA nA nA nA nVP-P nV/√Hz pA/√Hz V/mV V/mV dB dB dB dB dB mV mV mV mV mV mV mA mA MHz V/µs Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = VS = ± 5V to ± 15V VS = ± 5V to ± 15V No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 10mA No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 10mA VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 5) ISC IS GBW SR Short-Circuit Current Supply Current per Amplifier Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 6) Slew Rate 5 LT1498/LT1499 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 0°C < TA < 70°C, VS = ± 15V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = 0V, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL PARAMETER VOS VOS TC ∆VOS IB ∆IB Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift (Note 2) VCM = V + Input Offset Voltage Shift Input Bias Current Input Bias Current Shift Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) IOS ∆IOS AVOL Input Offset Current Input Offset Current Shift Large-Signal Voltage Gain Channel Separation CMRR PSRR VOL Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 5) VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + V – + 0.1V, V + (Note 4) VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VCM = VCM = V – + 0.1V (Note 4) VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VO = – 14.5V to 14.5V, RL = 10k VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k VCM = VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + V – + 0.1V to V + V + (Note 4) Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = CONDITIONS VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q MIN TYP 200 200 1.0 2.0 200 350 MAX 900 900 3.5 5.0 750 1500 675 0 1350 180 0 90 90 180 UNITS µV µV µV/°C µV/°C µV µV nA nA nA nA nA nA nA nA V/mV V/mV dB dB dB dB dB 0 – 675 0 – 180 300 – 300 600 20 – 20 15 15 30 900 400 112 92 86 88 82 5000 2000 125 103 103 103 103 18 45 270 3.5 60 480 40 90 520 15 120 1000 2.8 VS = ± 5V to ± 15V VS = ± 5V to ± 15V No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 10mA No Load ISOURCE = 0.5mA ISOURCE = 10mA mV mV mV mV mV mV mA mA MHz V/µs VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 5) ISC IS GBW SR Short-Circuit Current Supply Current per Amplifier Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 6) Slew Rate AV = – 1, RL = Open, VO = ± 10V Measured at VO = ± 5V ± 12 6.1 3.4 ± 28 1.9 9 5.3 q 6 LT1498/LT1499 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS – 40°C < TA < 85°C, VS = ± 15V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = 0V, unless otherwise noted. (Note 3) SYMBOL PARAMETER VOS VOS TC ∆VOS IB ∆IB Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift (Note 2) VCM = V + Input Offset Voltage Shift Input Bias Current Input Bias Current Shift Input Bias Current Match (Channel-to-Channel) IOS ∆IOS AVOL Input Offset Current Input Offset Current Shift Large-Signal Voltage Gain Channel Separation CMRR PSRR VOL Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR Match (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 4) Output Voltage Swing (Low) (Note 5) VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + V – + 0.1V, V + (Note 4) VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VCM = VCM = V – + 0.1V (Note 4) VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + VO = – 14.5V to 14.5V, RL = 10k VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k VO = – 10V to 10V, RL = 2k VCM = VCM = V – + 0.1V to V + V – + 0.1V to V + V + (Note 4) Input Offset Voltage Match (Channel-to-Channel) VCM = CONDITIONS VCM = V + VCM = V – + 0.1V q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q MIN TYP 300 300 1.0 2.0 250 350 MAX 950 950 3.5 5.0 850 1800 800 0 1600 200 0 100 100 200 UNITS µV µV µV/°C µV/°C µV µV nA nA nA nA nA nA nA nA V/mV V/mV dB dB dB dB dB 0 – 800 0 – 200 350 – 350 700 20 – 20 15 15 30 800 350 110 90 86 88 82 5000 2000 120 101 100 100 100 25 50 275 3.5 65 500 50 100 520 15 120 1000 3.0 VS = ± 5V to ± 15V VS = ± 5V to ± 15V No Load ISINK = 0.5mA ISINK = 10mA No Load ISOURCE = 0.5mA ISOURCE = 10mA mV mV mV mV mV mV mA mA MHz V/µs VOH Output Voltage Swing (High) (Note 5) ISC IS GBW SR Short-Circuit Current Supply Current per Amplifier Gain-Bandwidth Product (Note 6) Slew Rate AV = – 1, RL = Open, VO = ±10V, Measure at VO = ± 5V ± 10 5.8 3 ± 18 2.0 8.5 4.75 q The q denotes specifications that apply over the full operating temperature range. Note 1: A heat sink may be required to keep the junction temperature below the absolute maximum rating when the output is shorted indefinitely. Note 2: This parameter is not 100% tested. Note 3: The LT1498/LT1499 are designed, characterized and expected to meet these extended temperature limits, but are not tested at – 40°C and 85°C. Guaranteed I grade parts are available, consult factory. Note 4: Matching parameters are the difference between amplifiers A and D and between B and C on the LT1499; between the two amplifiers on the LT1498. Note 5: Output voltage swings are measured between the output and power supply rails. Note 6: VS = 3V, VS = ± 15V GBW limit guaranteed by correlation to 5V tests. Note 7: VS = 3V, VS = 5V slew rate limit guaranteed by correlation to ± 15V tests. 7 LT1498/LT1499 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VOS Distribution, VCM = 0V (PNP Stage) 25 LT1498: N8, S8 PACKAGES LT1499: S14 PACKAGE VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 0V 20 PERCENT OF UNITS (%) PERCENT OF UNITS (%) 15 15 PERCENT OF UNITS (%) 10 5 0 – 500 –300 100 300 –100 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) Supply Current vs Supply Voltage 2.0 2.0 SUPPLY CURRENT PER AMPLIFIER (mA) SUPPLY CURRENT PER AMPLIFIER (mA) TA = 125°C TA = 25°C 1.5 TA = – 55°C 1.0 1.5 INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA) 0.5 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Input Bias Current vs Temperature 400 300 VS = ± 15V VCM = 15V SATURATION VOLTAGE (mV) 200 NPN ACTIVE 100 0 –100 PNP ACTIVE – 200 – 300 VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 5V 100 SATURATION VOLTAGE (mV) INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA) VS = ± 15V VCM = – 15V VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 0V – 400 – 50 – 35 – 20 – 5 10 25 40 55 70 85 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1498/99 G07 8 UW 1498/99 G01 VOS Distribution VCM = 5V (NPN Stage) 25 LT1498: N8, S8 PACKAGES LT1499: S14 PACKAGE VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 5V 25 ∆VOS Shift for VCM = 0V to 5V LT1498: N8, S8 PACKAGES LT1499: S14 PACKAGE VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 0V TO 5V 20 20 15 10 10 5 5 500 0 – 500 –300 100 300 –100 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) 500 1498/99 G02 0 – 500 –300 100 300 –100 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) 500 1498/99 G02 Supply Current vs Temperature 400 VS = ±15V VS = 5V, 0V Input Bias Current vs Common Mode Voltage VS = 5V, 0V 300 200 100 0 –100 TA = 125°C TA = 25°C TA = – 55°C 1.0 0.5 – 200 – 300 0 – 50 –25 0 50 75 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 36 – 400 –2 –1 0 2 3 4 5 1 COMMON MODE VOLTAGE (V) 6 1498/99 G04 1498/99 G05 1498/99 G06 Output Saturation Voltage vs Load Current (Output High) 1000 1000 Output Saturation Voltage vs Load Current (Output Low) 100 TA = 25°C TA = 125°C 10 TA = – 55°C 10 TA = – 55°C TA = 125°C TA = 25°C 1 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 10 1498/99 G08 1 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 10 1498/99 G09 LT1498/LT1499 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Minimum Supply Voltage 300 CHANGE IN OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (200nV/DIV) 250 200 150 100 TA = 85°C 50 0 1 TA = 25°C TA = 70°C NONFUNCTIONAL TA = – 55°C 5 1498/99 G10 NOISE VOLTAGE (nV/√Hz) 4 2 3 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Noise Current Spectrum 10 9 CURRENT NOISE (pA/√Hz) 8 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 –10 GAIN 144 108 72 PHASE SHIFT (DEG) COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIO (dB) VS = 5V, 0V 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 VCM = 2.5V PNP ACTIVE 10 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 1000 1498/99 G13 VCM = 4V NPN ACTIVE PSRR vs Frequency 90 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO (dB) 80 70 VS = ± 2.5V GAIN BANDWIDTH (MHz) 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 GAIN BANDWIDTH PHASE MARGIN 80 PHASE MARGIN (DEG) CHANNEL SEPARATION (dB) 60 POSITIVE SUPPLY 50 40 30 20 10 0 – 10 1 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10000 1498/99 G16 NEGATIVE SUPPLY UW 0.1Hz to 10Hz Output Voltage Noise VS = ± 2.5V VCM = 0V 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Noise Voltage Spectrum VS = 5V, 0V VCM = 2.5V PNP ACTIVE VCM = 4V NPN ACTIVE 0 TIME (1s/DIV) 10 1498/99 G11 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 1000 1498/99 G12 Gain and Phase vs Frequency 70 RL = 10k VS = ± 1.5V VS = ± 15V PHASE 180 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 CMRR vs Frequency 36 0 – 36 – 72 VS = ± 15V VS = ± 2.5V –108 –144 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) –180 100 1498/99 G14 – 20 – 30 0.01 1 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (kHz) 10000 1498/99 G15 Gain Bandwidth and Phase Margin vs Supply Voltage 20 18 100 90 – 50 – 60 – 70 – 80 – 90 –100 –110 –120 –130 –140 Channel Separation vs Frequency VS = ± 15V VOUT = ± 1VP-P RL = 2k 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 25 15 20 10 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 0 30 –150 0.01 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 1000 1498/99 G17 1498/99 G18 9 LT1498/LT1499 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Capacitive Load Handling 70 60 50 VS = 5V, 0V AV = 1 RL = 1k 9 8 SLEW RATE (V/µs) OVERSHOOT (%) 7 6 5 4 3 0 4 OUTPUT STEP (V) 40 30 20 10 0 10 100 1000 10000 CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF) 100000 1498/99 G19 Open-Loop Gain 20 15 VS = ±15V 4 3 INPUT VOLTAGE (µV) 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 15 20 –4 CHANGE IN OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) INPUT VOLTAGE (µV) 10 5 0 –5 –10 –15 – 20 0 5 –20 –15 –10 – 5 10 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) RL = 2k RL = 10k Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise vs Peak-to-Peak Voltage 1 f = 1kHz RL = 10k AV = 1 VS = ±1.5V 0.01 AV = – 1 VS = ±1.5V AV = 1 VS = ± 2.5V AV = – 1 VS = ± 2.5V 1 0.1 THD + NOISE (%) THD + NOISE (%) 0.001 0.0001 0 1 2 3 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (VP-P) 5 1498/99 G25 10 UW Slew Rate vs Supply Voltage 10 VOUT = 80% OF VS AV = –1 RISING EDGE 8 6 4 2 0 –2 –4 –6 –8 –10 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 36 Output Step vs Settling Time to 0.01% VS = ±15V NONINVERTING INVERTING FALLING EDGE INVERTING NONINVERTING 1.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 SETTLING TIME (µs) 3.5 1498/99 G21 1498/99 G20 Open-Loop Gain VS = 5V, 0V 10 Warm-Up Drift vs Time S8 PACKAGE, VS = ± 2.5V 0 N8 PACKAGE, VS = ± 2.5V LT1499CS, VS = ± 2.5V S8 PACKAGE, VS = ±15V –20 N8 PACKAGE, VS = ±15V –30 LT1499CS, VS = ±15V – 40 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 TIME AFTER POWER-UP (SEC) 1498/99 G24 RL = 2k RL = 10k –10 0 1 4 3 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2 5 6 1498/99 G22 1498/99 G23 Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise vs Frequency VS = ±1.5V VIN = 2VP-P RL = 10k AV = 1 0.1 0.01 AV = –1 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 1498/99 G26 LT1498/LT1499 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 5V Small-Signal Response 5V Large-Signal Response 5mV/DIV VS = 5V 200ns/DIV AV = 1 VIN = 20mVP-P AT 50kHz RL = 1k 1498/99 G27 1V/DIV ± 15V Small-Signal Response 5mV/DIV VS = ±15V 200ns/DIV AV = 1 VIN = 20mVP-P AT 50kHz RL = 1k 1498/99 G29 5V/DIV APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Rail-to-Rail Input and Output The LT1498/LT1499 are fully functional for an input and output signal range from the negative supply to the positive supply. Figure 1 shows a simplified schematic of the amplifier. The input stage consists of two differential amplifiers, a PNP stage (Q1/Q2) and an NPN stage (Q3/ Q4) which are active over different ranges of input common mode voltage. A complementary common emitter output stage (Q14/Q15) is employed allowing the output to swing from rail-to-rail. The devices are fabricated on Linear Technology’s proprietary complementary bipolar process to ensure very similar DC and AC characteristics for the output devices (Q14/Q15). The PNP differential input pair is active for input common mode voltages, VCM, between the negative supply to approximately 1.3V below the positive supply. As VCM moves further toward the positive supply, the transistor Q5 will steer the tail current, I1, to the current mirror Q6/ Q7 activating the NPN differential pair, and the PNP differential pair becomes inactive for the rest of the input common mode range up to the positive supply. The output is configured with a pair of complementary common emitter stages that enables the output to swing from rail to rail. Capacitors C1 and C2 form local feedback loops that lower the output impedance at high frequencies. U W UW VS = 5V AV = 1 VIN = 4VP-P AT 10kHz RL = 1k 2µs/DIV 1498/99 G28 ± 15V Large-Signal Response VS = ±15V AV = 1 VIN = 20VP-P AT 10kHz RL = 1k 2µs/DIV 1498/99 G30 U U 11 LT1498/LT1499 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION V+ R3 R4 R5 Q15 D1 + IN R6 Q5 D5 – IN R7 Q4 Q3 Q1 D3 D6 D2 VBIAS Q7 V – Q6 R1 R2 Q14 1498/99 F01 Figure 1. LT1498 Simplified Schematic Diagram Input Offset Voltage The offset voltage changes depending upon which input stage is active. The input offsets are random, but are trimmed to less than 475µV. To maintain the precision characteristics of the amplifier, the change of VOS over the entire input common mode range (CMRR) is guaranteed to be less than 425µV on a single 5V supply. Input Bias Current The input bias current polarity also depends on the input common mode voltage, as described in the previous section. When the PNP differential pair is active, the input bias currents flow out of the input pins; they flow in opposite direction when the NPN input stage is active. The offset error due to input bias current can be minimized by equalizing the noninverting and inverting input source impedances. This will reduce the error since the input offset currents are much less than the input bias currents. Overdrive Protection To prevent the output from reversing polarity when the input voltage exceeds the power supplies, two pair of crossing diodes D1 to D4 are employed. When the input 12 U W U U I1 Q11 Q12 Q13 C2 V– Q2 Q10 Q9 D4 Q8 CC OUT BUFFER AND OUTPUT BIAS C1 voltage exceeds either power supply by approximately 700mV, D1/D2 or D3/D4 will turn on, forcing the output to the proper polarity. For the phase reversal protection to work properly, the input current must be less than 5mA. If the amplifier is to be severely overdriven, an external resistor should be used to limit the overdrive current. Furthermore, the LT1498/LT1499’s input stages are protected by a pair of back-to-back diodes, D5/D6. When a differential voltage of more than 0.7V is applied to the inputs, these diodes will turn on, preventing the Zener breakdown of the input transistors. The current in D5/D6 should be limited to less than 10mA. Internal resistors R6 and R7 (700Ω total) limit the input current for differential input signals of 7V or less. For larger input levels, a resistor in series with either or both inputs should be used to limit the current. Worst-case differential input voltage usually occurs when the output is shorted to ground. In addition, the amplifier is protected against ESD strikes up to 3kV on all pins. Capacitive Load The LT1498/LT1499 are designed for ease of use. The amplifier can drive a capacitive load of more than 10nF LT1498/LT1499 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION without oscillation at unity gain. When driving a heavy capacitive load, the bandwidth is reduced to maintain stability. Figures 2a and 2b illustrate the stability of the device for small-signal and large-signal conditions with capacitive loads. Both the small-signal and large-signal transient response with a 10nF capacitive load are well behaved. Feedback Components To minimize the loading effect of feedback, it is possible to use the high value feedback resistors to set the gain. However, care must be taken to insure that the pole formed by the feedback resistors and the total input capacitance at the inverting input does not degrade the stability of the amplifier. For instance, the LT1498/LT1499 in a noninverting gain of 2, set with two 30k resistors, will probably oscillate with 10pF total input capacitance (5pF input capacitance + 5pF board capacitance). The amplifier has a 2.5MHz crossing frequency and a 60° phase margin at 6dB of gain. The feedback resistors and the total input capacitance create a pole at 1.06MHz that induces 67° of phase shift at 2.5MHz! The solution is simple, either lower the value of the resistors or add a feedback capacitor of 10pF of more. VS = 5V AV = 1 1498/99 F02a TYPICAL APPLICATIONS N 1A Voltage Controlled Current Source V+ 0.5Ω V+ 1k VIN 500pF – 1k VIN 1/2 LT1498 100Ω Si9430DY + IOUT = V + – VIN 0.5Ω tr < 1µs IOUT RL 1498/99 TA03 U W U U U CL = 0pF CL = 500pF CL = 10nF Figure 2a. LT1498 Small-Signal Response CL = 0pF CL = 500pF CL = 10nF VS = 5V AV = 1 1498/99 F02b Figure 2b. LT1498 Large-Signal Response 1A Voltage Controlled Current Sink V+ IOUT RL 1k + 1/2 LT1498 100Ω Si9410DY 500pF 1k 0.5Ω 1498/99 TA04 – IOUT = VIN 0.5Ω tr < 1µs 13 LT1498/LT1499 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS N Input Bias Current Cancellation RG RF SIGNAL AMP VOUT VIN 1M 22pF 1M 1498/99 TA05 INPUT BIAS CURRENT LESS THAN 50nA FOR 500mV ≤ VIN ≤ (V + – 500mV) PACKAGE DESCRIPTION Dimensions in inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted. N8 Package 8-Lead PDIP (Narrow 0.300) (LTC DWG # 05-08-1510) 0.400* (10.160) MAX 8 7 6 5 0.255 ± 0.015* (6.477 ± 0.381) 0.300 – 0.325 (7.620 – 8.255) 0.009 – 0.015 (0.229 – 0.381) 0.065 (1.651) TYP 0.005 (0.127) MIN 0.100 ± 0.010 (2.540 ± 0.254) 0.125 (3.175) MIN 0.018 ± 0.003 (0.457 ± 0.076) 0.015 (0.380) MIN ( +0.025 0.325 –0.015 8.255 +0.635 –0.381 ) *THESE DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.010 INCH (0.254mm) 14 + – U U 1/2 LT1498 + 1/2 LT1498 CANCELLATION AMP – 1 2 3 4 0.130 ± 0.005 (3.302 ± 0.127) 0.045 – 0.065 (1.143 – 1.651) N8 0695 LT1498/LT1499 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION 0.010 – 0.020 × 45° (0.254 – 0.508) 0.008 – 0.010 (0.203 – 0.254) 0°– 8° TYP 0.016 – 0.050 0.406 – 1.270 *DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.006" (0.152mm) PER SIDE **DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH. INTERLEAD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.010" (0.254mm) PER SIDE 0.010 – 0.020 × 45° (0.254 – 0.508) 0.008 – 0.010 (0.203 – 0.254) 0° – 8° TYP 0.016 – 0.050 0.406 – 1.270 *DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.006" (0.152mm) PER SIDE **DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH. INTERLEAD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.010" (0.254mm) PER SIDE Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. U Dimensions in inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted. S8 Package 8-Lead Plastic Small Outline (Narrow 0.150) (LTC DWG # 05-08-1610) 0.189 – 0.197* (4.801 – 5.004) 8 7 6 5 0.228 – 0.244 (5.791 – 6.197) 0.150 – 0.157** (3.810 – 3.988) 1 2 3 4 0.053 – 0.069 (1.346 – 1.752) 0.004 – 0.010 (0.101 – 0.254) 0.014 – 0.019 (0.355 – 0.483) 0.050 (1.270) TYP SO8 0996 S Package 14-Lead Plastic Small Outline (Narrow 0.150) (LTC DWG # 05-08-1610) 0.337 – 0.344* (8.560 – 8.738) 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 0.228 – 0.244 (5.791 – 6.197) 0.150 – 0.157** (3.810 – 3.988) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0.053 – 0.069 (1.346 – 1.752) 0.004 – 0.010 (0.101 – 0.254) 0.014 – 0.019 (0.355 – 0.483) 0.050 (1.270) TYP S14 0695 15 LT1498/LT1499 TYPICAL APPLICATION Bidirectional Current Sensor A bidirectional current sensor for battery-powered systems is shown in Figure 3. Two outputs are provided: one proportional to charge current, the other proportional to discharge current. The circuit takes advantage of the LT1498’s rail-to-rail input range and its output phase reversal protection. During the charge cycle, the op amp A1 forces a voltage equal to (IL)(RSENSE) across RA. This IL CHARGE VBATTERY DISCHARGE RA RSENSE 0.1Ω VBATTERY RA RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER LTC 1152 LT1211/LT1212 LT1213/LT1214 LT1215/LT1216 LT1366/LT1367 LT1490/LT1491 ® DESCRIPTON Rail-to-Rail Input and Output, Zero-Drift Op Amp Dual/Quad 14MHz, 7V/µs, Single Supply Precision Op Amps Dual/Quad 28MHz, 12V/µs, Single Supply Precision Op Amps Dual/Quad 23MHz, 50V/µs, Single Supply Precision Op Amps Dual/Quad Precision, Rail-to-Rail Input and Output Op Amps Dual/Quad Micropower, Rail-to-Rail Input and Output Op Amps 16 Linear Technology Corporation 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 q (408) 432-1900 FAX: (408) 434-0507q TELEX: 499-3977 q www.linear-tech.com U voltage is then amplified at the Charge Out by the ratio of RB over RA. In this mode, the output of A2 remains high, keeping Q2 off and the Discharge Out low, even though the (+) input of A2 exceeds the positive power supply. During the discharge cycle, A2 and Q2 are active and the operation is similar to the charge cycle. + A2 1/2 LT1498 + A1 1/2 LT1498 – RA RA – Q2 MTP23P06 DISCHARGE OUT RB Q1 MTP23P06 CHARGE OUT RB VO = IL RB R RA SENSE FOR RA = 1k, RB = 10k VO = 1V/A 1498/99 F03 IL () Figure 3. Bidirectional Current Sensor COMMENTS High DC Accuracy, 10µV VOS(MAX), 100nV/°C Drift, 1MHz GBW, 1V/µs Slew Rate, Max Supply Current 2.2mA Input Common Mode Includes Ground, 275µV VOS(MAX), 6µV/°C Max Drift, Max Supply Current 1.8mA per Op Amp Input Common Mode Includes Ground, 275µV VOS(MAX), 6µV/°C Max Drift, Max Supply Current 3.5mA per Op Amp Input Common Mode Includes Ground, 450µV VOS(MAX), Max Supply Current 6.6mA per Op Amp 475µV VOS(MAX), 400kHz GBW, 0.13V/µs Slew Rate, Max Supply Current 520µA per Op Amp Max Supply Current 50µA per Op Amp, 200kHz GBW, 0.07V/µs Slew Rate, Operates with Inputs 44V Above V – Independent of V + 14989f LT/TP 0397 7K • PRINTED IN USA © LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 1996