LTC1535CSWPBF

LTC1535 Isolated RS485 Transceiver FEATURES n n n n n n n n n n n n DESCRIPTION ® UL Rated Isolated RS485: 2500VRMS UL Recognized File #E151738 Eliminates Ground Loops 250kBd Maximum Data Rate Self-Powered with 420kHz Converter Half- or Full-Duplex Fail-Safe Output High for Open or Shorted Receiver Inputs Short-Circuit Current Limit Slow Slew Rate Control 68kΩ Input Impedance Allows Up to 128 Nodes Thermal Shutdown 8kV ESD Protection On Driver Outputs and Receiver Inputs Available in 28-Lead SW Package The LTC®1535 is an isolated RS485 full-duplex differential line transceiver. Isolated RS485 is ideal for systems where the ground loop is broken to allow for much larger common mode voltage ranges. An internal capacitive isolation barrier provides 2500VRMS of isolation between the line transceiver and the logic level interface. The powered side contains a 420kHz push-pull converter to power the isolated RS485 transceiver. Internal full-duplex communication occurs through the capacitive isolation barrier. The transceiver meets RS485 and RS422 requirements. The driver and receiver feature three-state outputs, with the driver maintaining high impedance over the entire common mode range. The drivers have short-circuit current limits in both directions and a slow slew rate select to minimize EMI or reflections. The 68kΩ receiver input allows up to 128 node connections. A fail-safe feature defaults to a high output state when the receiver inputs are open or shorted. L, LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. APPLICATIONS n n n n Isolated RS485 Receiver/Driver RS485 with Large Common Mode Voltage Breaking RS485 Ground Loops Multiple Unterminated Line Taps TYPICAL APPLICATION ** CTX02-14659 1/2 BAT54C + 10μF 2 1/2 BAT54C 2 VCC 10μF 1 LOGIC COMMON 1 FLOATING RS485 COMMON 2 ** COOPER (888) 414-2645 DE DI 26 25 4 1 DE DI GND RE 27 RE RO 28 RO 3 ST2 420kHz 1 VCC ST1 2 11 GND2 14 VCC2 + A R B RO2 16 15 17 TWISTED-PAIR CABLE Y D Z SLO 13 12 18 1535 TA01 1535fb 1 LTC1535 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) PIN CONFIGURATION TOP VIEW VCC 1 ST1 2 ST2 3 GND 4 28 RO 27 RE 26 DE 25 DI VCC to GND .................................................................6V VCC2 to GND2..............................................................8V Control Input Voltage to GND....... – 0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Driver Input Voltage to GND..........–0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Driver Output Voltage (Driver Disabled) to GND2 .............. (VCC2 – 13V) to 13V Driver Output Voltage (Driver Enabled) to GND2................ (VCC2 – 13V) to 10V Receiver Input Voltage to GND2.............................. ±14V Receiver Output Voltage ...............–0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Operating Temperature Range LTC1535C ..........................................0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C LTC1535I ...................................... –40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C Storage Temperature Range ..................– 65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)................... 300°C GND2 11 Z 12 Y 13 VCC2 14 18 SLO 17 RO2 16 A 15 B SW PACKAGE 28-LEAD PLASTIC SO TJMAX = 125°C, θJA = 125°C/W ORDER INFORMATION LEAD FREE FINISH LTC1535CSW#PBF LTC1535ISW#PBF TAPE AND REEL LTC1535CSW#TRPBF LTC1535ISW#TRPBF PART MARKING* 1535 1535 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION 28-Lead Plastic SO 28-Lead Plastic SO TEMPERATURE RANGE 0°C to 70°C –40°C to 85°C Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. *The temperature grade is identified by a label on the shipping container. For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/ 1535fb 2 LTC1535 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL PARAMETER VCC VCC2 ICC ICC2 VOD1 VOD2 VOC IOSD1 VCC Supply Range VCC2 Supply Range VCC Supply Current VCC2 Supply Current Differential Driver Output Differential Driver Output Driver Output Common Mode Voltage Driver Short-Circuit Current VOUT = HIGH VOUT = LOW Logic Input High Voltage Logic Input Low Voltage Input Current (A, B) Receiver Input Threshold Receiver Input Hysteresis Receiver Input Impedance Receiver Input Open Circuit Voltage RO Output High Voltage RO Output Low Voltage Driver Output Leakage RO2 Output High Voltage RO2 Output Low Voltage DC Converter Frequency DC Converter Impedance High DC Converter Impedance Low RE Output Low Current RE Output High Current Undervoltage Low Threshold Undervoltage High Threshold Isolation Voltage RE Sink Current, Fault = 0 RE Source Current, Fault = 1 RE Fault = 1, (Note 5) RE Fault = 0, (Note 5) 1 Minute, (Note 6) 1 Second IRO = – 4mA, VCC = 4.5V IRO = 4mA, VCC = 4.5V Driver Disabled (DE = 0) IRO2 = – 4mA, VCC = 4.5V IRO2 = 4mA, VCC = 4.5V l l l l l l l l l l l The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VCC = 5V, VCC2 = 5V unless otherwise noted. CONDITIONS l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l MIN 4.5 4.5 TYP MAX 5.5 7.5 UNITS V V mA mA mA V V V Transformer Not Driven (Note 10) R = 27Ω, Figure 2 No Load No Load R = 50Ω (RS422) (Note 2), VCC2 = 4.5V R = 27Ω(RS485), Figure 2, VCC2 = 4.5V DC Level, R = 50Ω, Figure 2 Driver Enabled (DE = 1) –7V ≤ VCM ≤ 10V –7V ≤ VCM ≤ 10V DE, DI, RE SLO DE, DI, RE SLO (Note 3) –7V ≤ VCM ≤ 12V, (Note 4) –7V ≤ VCM ≤ 12V 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C – 40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C VIN = 12V VIN = –7V 13 63 7 2 1.5 2.0 60 60 2 4 28 73 12 5 2 2.5 100 100 1.7 2.2 1.7 1.8 0.8 1 0.25 –0.20 3.0 150 150 V mA mA V V V V mA mA mV mV mV kΩ V V VIH VIL IIN VTH ΔVTH RIN VIOC VOH VOL IOZ VOH2 VOL2 fSW RSWH RSWL IREL IREH VUVL VUVH VISO l l l l l l –200 10 5 50 3.7 –90 30 30 68 3.4 4.0 0.4 1 –10 70 70 100 0.8 V μA V 3.7 290 3.9 0.4 420 4 2.5 0.8 590 6 5 –80 130 4.25 4.40 V kHz Ω Ω μA μA V V VRMS VRMS –40 80 3.70 4.05 2500 3000 –50 100 4.00 4.20 1535fb 3 LTC1535 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL PARAMETER tSJ fMAX tPLH tPHL tr, tf tZH tZL tLZ tHZ tPLH tPHL tPLH tPHL tr, tf tLZ tHZ tSTART tTOF Data Sample Jitter Max Baud Rate Driver Input to Output Driver Input to Output Driver Rise or Fall Time Driver Enable to Output Driver Enable to Output Driver Disable to Output Driver Disable to Output Receiver Input to RO Receiver Input to RO Receiver Input to RO2 Receiver Input to RO2 Receiver Rise or Fall Time Receiver Disable to Output Receiver Disable to Output Initial Start-Up Time Data Time-Out Fault ST1, ST2 Duty Cycle The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VCC = 5V, VCC2 = 5V, R = 27Ω (RS485) unless otherwise noted. CONDITIONS Figure 8, (Note 7) Jitter = 10% Max, SLO = 1, (Note 8) DE = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 4, Figure 6 DE = 1, SLO = 0, Figure 4, Figure 6 DE = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 4, Figure 6 DE = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 4, Figure 6 DE = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 4, Figure 6 DE = 1, SLO = 0, VCC = VCC2 = 4.5V DI = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 5, Figure 7 DI = 0, SLO = 1, Figure 5, Figure 7 DI = 0, SLO = 1, Figure 5, Figure 7 DI = 1, SLO = 1, Figure 5, Figure 7 RE = 0, Figure 3, Figure 8 RE = 0, Figure 3, Figure 8 RE = 0, Figure 3, Figure 8 RE = 0, Figure 3, Figure 8 RE = 0, Figure 3, Figure 8 Figure 3, Figure 9 Figure 3, Figure 9 (Note 9) (Note 9) 0°C ≤ TA ≤ 70°C –40°C ≤ TA ≤ 85°C l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l MIN 250 TYP 250 410 600 1300 600 1300 MAX 285 855 1560 855 1560 100 1000 1400 1400 1300 1300 855 855 UNITS ns kBd ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns 150 20 500 1000 1000 700 700 600 600 30 30 20 30 30 1200 1200 56 57 % % Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. Note 2: RS422 50Ω specification based on RS485 27Ω test. Note 3: IIN is tested at VCC2 = 5V, guaranteed by design from GND2 ≤ VCC2 ≤ 5.25V. Note 4: Input fault conditions on the RS485 receiver are detected with a fixed receiver offset. The offset is such that an input short or open will result in a high data output. Note 5: The low voltage detect faults when VCC2 or VCC drops below VUVL and reenables when greater than VUVH . The fault can be monitored through the weak driver output on RE. Note 6: Value derived from 1 second test. Note 7: The input signals are internally sampled and encoded. The internal sample rate determines the data output jitter since the internal sampling is asynchronous with respect to the external data. Nominally, a 4MHz internal sample rate gives 250ns of sampling uncertainty in the input signals. Note 8: The maximum baud rate is 250kBd with 10% sampling jitter. Lower baud rates have lower jitter. Note 9: Start-up time is the time for communication to recover after a fault condition. Data time-out is the time a fault is indicated on RE after data communication has stopped. Note 10: ICC measured with no load, ST1 and ST2 floating. 1535fb 4 LTC1535 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VCC Supply Current vs Temperature 130 VCC = 5V 120 110 VCC CURRENT (mA) RL = 54Ω 100 90 80 70 60 50 –50 –25 RL = OPEN RL = 120Ω COOPER CTX02-14659 TRANSFORMER VCC2 CURRENT (mA) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 fDI = fMAX SLO = 0V RL = 54Ω 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1535 G02 VCC2 Supply Current vs Temperature 6.5 VCC2 = 6V 6.0 VCC2 = 5V VCC2 VOLTAGE (V) VCC2 Supply Voltage vs Temperature fDI = 250kHz SLO = 0V RL = OPEN, VCC = 5V RL = 54Ω, VCC = 5V 5.5 RL = 54Ω, VCC = 4.5V 5.0 COOPER CTX02-14659 TRANSFORMER 4.5 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1535 G03 VCC2 = 4.5V 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1535 G01 10 –50 –25 Maximum Baud Rate vs Temperature 500 65 60 400 fMAX (kHz) TIME (ns) 55 50 45 40 200 VCC = VCC2 = 4.5V SLO = VCC2 RL = 54Ω 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1535 G04 Driver Differential Output Rise/Fall Time vs Temperature 800 VCC2 = 5V, 4.5V SLO = VCC2 RL = 54Ω 700 600 TIME (ns) 500 400 300 Driver Differential Output Rise/Fall Time vs Temperature SLO = 0V RL = 54Ω VCC2 = 5V 300 VCC2 = 4.5V 35 30 25 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1535 G05 100 –50 –25 200 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1535 G06 Switcher Frequency vs Temperature 600 VCC = 5V 4 Driver Differential Output Voltage vs Temperature 1.0 0.9 VCC2 = 6V OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3 VCC2 = 5V 2 VCC2 = 4.5V 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 Receiver Output Low Voltage vs Temperature I = 8mA VCC = 4.5V 500 FREQUENCY (kHz) VCC = 5V 400 300 1 SLO = VCC2 RL = 54Ω 200 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1535 G07 0 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1535 G08 0 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1535 G09 1535fb 5 LTC1535 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Receiver Output High Voltage vs Temperature 4.5 VCC = 5V OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) I = 8mA 4 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.0 VCC = 4.5V 3.5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) VCC = 5V 3 5 VCC = 5.5V TA = 25°C 4 Driver Differential Output Voltage vs Output Current 5 Driver Output High Voltage vs Output Current TA = 25°C 3 VCC = 4.5V 2 VCC = 5V VCC = 5.5V 2 VCC = 4.5V 1 1 3.0 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1535 G10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 80 90 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 1535 G12 1535 G11 Driver Output Low Voltage vs Output Current 5 TA = 25°C 4 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) VCC = 6V 3 VCC = 5V VCC = 4.5V 4 5 Driver Differential Output Voltage vs VCC2 Supply Voltage 5.0 TA = 25°C RL = 60Ω OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) Receiver Output Voltage vs Load Current TA = 25°C VCC = 5V OUTPUT HIGH, SOURCING 4.0 4.5 3 2 1.0 OUTPUT LOW, SINKING 0.5 1 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 1535 G13 1 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 VCC2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 7.5 1535 G14 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 8 9 1535 G15 1535fb 6 LTC1535 PIN FUNCTIONS POWER SIDE VCC (Pin 1): 5V Supply. Bypass to GND with 10μF capacitor. ST1 (Pin 2): DC Converter Output 1 to DC Transformer. ST2 (Pin 3): DC Converter Output 2 to DC Transformer. GND (Pin 4): Ground. DI (Pin 25): Transmit Data TTL Input to the Isolated Side RS485 Driver. Do not float. DE (Pin 26): Transmit Enable TTL Input to the Isolated Side RS485 Driver. A high level enables the driver. Do not float. RE (Pin 27): Receive Data Output Enable TTL Input. A low level enables the receiver. This pin also provides a fault output signal. (See Figure 11.) RO (Pin 28): Receive Data TTL Output. ISOLATED SIDE GND2 (Pin 11): Isolated Side Power Ground. Z (Pin 12): Differential Driver Inverting Output. Y (Pin 13): Differential Driver Noninverting Output. VCC2 (Pin 14): 5V to 7.5V Supply from DC Transformer. Bypass to GND2 with 10μF capacitor. B (Pin 15): Differential Receiver Inverting Input. A (Pin 16): Differential Receiver Noninverting Input. RO2 (Pin 17): Isolated Side Receiver TTL Output. This output is always enabled and is unaffected by RE. SLO (Pin 18): Slow Slew Rate Control of RS485 Driver. A low level forces the driver outputs into slow slew rate mode. BLOCK DIAGRAM POWER SIDE ISOLATED SIDE 1.3 1 1.3 + 2 ST1 3 ST2 420kHz 11 GND2 14 VCC2 12.75k 63.5k A 27.25k 16 1 28 VCC RO DECODE ENCODE R 12.75k B 27.25k 63.5k RO2 Y 17 13 12 18 15 27 RE FAULT ENCODE 26 25 DE DI EN DECODE D Z SLO 100k VCC2 1535 BD EN FAULT 4 GND 1535fb 7 LTC1535 TEST CIRCUIT ILOAD ** CTX02-14659 1/2 BAT54C IEXT VCC2 + 10μF 2 IVCC2 1/2 BAT54C 2 VCC 10μF 1 RO fRO = MAX BAUD RATE 27 26 25 4 1 LOGIC COMMON 1 FLOATING RS485 COMMON 2 RE DE DI GND 28 RO 3 ST2 420kHz 2 11 GND2 14 VCC2 + 1 VCC ST1 A R B RO2 16 15 17 Y Z C1 50pF 18 2 SLOW SLEW RATE JUMPER 2 2 RL C2 50pF Y D Z SLO 13 12 1535 F01 ** COOPER (888) 414-2645 Figure 1. Self-Oscillation at Maximum Data Rate (Test Configuration for the First Six Typical Performance Characteristics Curves) Y R VOD R Z 1535 F02 RECEIVER OUTPUT VOC TEST POINT S1 1k VCC CRL 1k S2 1535 F03 Figure 2. Driver DC Test Load 3V DE Y DI Z R 1535 F04 Figure 3. Receiver Timing Test Load S1 R CL1 OUTPUT UNDER TEST 500Ω S2 CL 1535 F05 VCC CL2 Figure 4. Driver Timing Test Circuit Figure 5. Driver Timing Test Load 1535fb 8 LTC1535 SWITCHING TIME WAVEFORMS 3V DI 0V tPLH Z VO Y VO 0V –VO 80% 20% tr tSJ 80% 20% tSJ tf 1535 F06 1.5V tr ≤ 10ns, tf ≤ 10ns tPHL 1.5V VDIFF = V(Y) – V(Z) Figure 6. Driver Propagation Delays 3V DE 0V 5V Y, Z VOL VOH Y, Z 0V tZH tSJ tHZ tSJ 1535 F07 1.5V tZL 2.3V tr ≤ 10ns, tf ≤ 10ns tLZ OUTPUT NORMALLY LOW 1.5V 0.5V 2.3V OUTPUT NORMALLY HIGH 0.5V Figure 7. Driver Enable and Disable Times tSJ VOH RO VOL tPHL VOD2 A–B –VOD2 0V 1.5V OUTPUT tr ≤ 10ns, tf ≤ 10ns INPUT tPLH 0V 1535 F08 tSJ 1.5V Figure 8. Receiver Propagation Delays 3V RE 0V 5V RO 1.5V tSJ RO 0V tZH tSJ tHZ tSJ 1535 F09 1.5V tr ≤ 10ns, tf ≤ 10ns tZL tLZ OUTPUT NORMALLY LOW 1.5V 0.5V tSJ 1.5V OUTPUT NORMALLY HIGH 0.5V Figure 9. Receiver Enable and Disable Times 1535fb 9 LTC1535 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Isolation Barrier and Sampled Communication The LTC1535 uses the SW-28 isolated lead frame package to provide capacitive isolation barrier between the logic interface and the RS485 driver/receiver pair. The barrier provides 2500VRMS of isolation. Communication between the two sides uses the isolation capacitors in a multiplexed way to communicate full-duplex data across this barrier (see Figure 20 and Block Diagram). The data is sampled and encoded before transmitting across the isolation barrier, which will add sampling jitter and delay to the signals (see Figures 13 and 14). The sampling jitter is approximately 250ns with a nominal delay of 600ns. At 250kBd rate, this represents 6.2% total jitter. The nominal DE signal to the driver output delay is 875ns ±125ns, which is longer due to the encoding. Communication start-up time is approximately 1μs to 2μs. A time-out fault will occur if communication from the isolated side fails. Faults can be monitored on the RE pin. The maximum baud rate can be determined by connecting in self-oscillation mode as shown in Figure 1. In this configuration, with SLO = VCC2 , the oscillation frequency is set by the internal sample rate. With SLO = 0V, the frequency is reduced by the slower output rise and fall times. ILOAD ** CTX02-14659 1/2 BAT54C IEXT 8 Push-Pull DC/DC Converter The powered side contains a full-bridge open-loop driver, optimized for use with a single primary and center-tapped secondary transformer. Figure 10 shows the DC/DC converter in a configuration that can deliver up to 100mA of current to the isolated side using a Cooper CTX02-14659 transformer. Because the DC/DC converter is open-loop, care in choosing low impedance parts is important for good regulation. Care must also be taken to not exceed the VCC2 recommended maximum voltage of 7.5V when there is very light loading. The isolated side contains a low voltage detect circuit to ensure that communication across the barrier will only occur when there is sufficient isolated supply voltage. If the output of the DC/DC converter is overloaded, the supply voltage will trip the low voltage detection at 4.2V. For higher voltage stand-off, the Cooper CTX02-14608 transformer may be used. VCC2 vs ILOAD + 10μF 2 IVCC2 6 VCC2 (V) VCC = 5.5V 4 VCC = 5V VCC = 4.5V 2 1/2 BAT54C 2 VCC 10μF 1 4 1 LOGIC COMMON 1 FLOATING RS485 COMMON 2 GND 3 ST2 420kHz 2 11 GND2 14 VCC2 + 1 VCC ST1 0 0 50 100 TOTAL LOAD CURRENT, ILOAD (mA) 150 1535 F10 1535 F10a ** COOPER (888) 414-2645 Figure 10 1535fb 10 LTC1535 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Driver Output and Slow Slew Rate Control The LTC1535 uses a proprietary driver output stage that allows a common mode voltage range that extends beyond the power supplies. Thus, the high impedance state is maintained over the full RS485 common mode range. The output stage provides 100mA of short-circuit current limiting in both the positive and negative directions. Thus, even under short-circuit conditions, the supply voltage from the open-loop DC converter will remain high enough for proper communication across the isolation barrier. The driver output will be disabled in the event of a thermal shutdown and a fault condition will be indicated through the RE weak output. The CMOS level SLO pin selects slow or fast slew rates on the RS485 driver output (see Figures 15, 16, 17, 18 for typical waveforms). The SLO input has an internal 100k pull-up resistor. When SLO is low, the driver outputs are slew rate limited to reduce high frequency edges. Left open or tied high, SLO defaults to fast edges. The part draws more current during slow slew rate edges. Monitoring Faults on RE The RE pin can be used to monitor the following fault conditions: low supply voltages, thermal shutdown or a time-out fault when there is no data communication across the barrier. During a fault, the receiver output, RO, defaults to a high state (see Table 2). Open circuit or short-circuit conditions on the twisted pair do not cause a fault indication. However, the RS485 receiver defaults to a high output state when the receiver input is open or short-circuited. The RE pin has a weak current drive output mode for indicating fault conditions. This fault state can be polled using a bidirectional microcontroller I/O line or by using the circuit in Figure 11, where the control to RE is threestated and the fault condition read back from the RE pin. The weak drive has 100μA pull-up current to indicate a fault and 50μA pull-down current for no fault. This allows the RE pin to be polled without disabling RE on nonfault conditions. Both sides contain a low voltage detect circuit. A voltage less than 4.2V on the isolated side disables communication. VCC VCC RO RE RE LTC1535 DI POLL DE FAULT BUFFER FAULT GND POLL FAULT FAULT INDICATED WHEN RE IS THREE-STATED 1535 F11 Figure 11. Detecting Fault Conditions 1535fb 11 LTC1535 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Table 1. List of Transformers Designed for LTC1535 DC ISOLATION VOLTAGE (1 SECOND) 500V 3.75kVAC 500V 1.25kV 3kVAC 500V 100V 500V MANUFACTURER Cooper Cooper Epcos AG (Germany) (USA) Midcom Minntronix Pulse FEE (France) Sumida (Japan) Transpower PART NUMBER CTX02-14659 CTX02-14608 B78304-A1477-A3 31160R 4810796R P1597 S-167-5779 TTI7780-SM PHONE NUMBER (888) 414-2645 (888) 414-2645 (0 89) 636-2 80 00 (800) 888-7724 (605) 886-4385 (605) 884-0195 (33) 3 84 35 04 04 03-3667-3320 (775) 852-0140 Table 2. Fault Mode Behavior FUNCTION (PINS) DC/DC Converter (2, 3) RO (28) RE = 0V RE = VCC RE = Floating RO2 (17) Driver Outputs Y and Z (13, 12) Communiactions Across Isolation Barrier Fault Indicator on RE (27) VCC > VUVH VCC2 > VUVH On Active Hi-Z Active Active Active Active Low VCC < VUVL VCC2 > VUVH On Forced-High Hi-Z Hi-Z Active Hi-Z Disabled High VCC > VUVH VCC2 < VUVL On Forced-High Hi-Z Hi-Z Active Hi-Z Disabled High VCC < VUVL VCC2 > VUVL On Forced High Hi-Z Hi-Z Active Hi-Z Disabled High THERMAL SHUTDOWN Off Forced-High Hi-Z Hi-Z Active Hi-Z Disabled High Table 3. Driver Function Table INPUTS RE X X X DE 1 1 0 DI 1 0 X Y 1 0 Z OUTPUTS Z 0 1 2 Table 4. Receiver Function Table INPUTS RE 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 DE X X X X X X X X A-B ≥ VTH(MAX ≤ VTH(MIN) Inputs Open Inputs Shorted ≥ VTH(MAX) ≤ VTH(MIN) Inputs Open Inputs Shorted RO 1 0 1 1 Z Z Z Z OUTPUTS R02 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 Note: Z = high impedance, X = don’t care Note: Z = high impedance, X = don’t care 1535fb 12 LTC1535 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION High Voltage Considerations The LTC1535 eliminates ground loops on data communication lines. However, such isolation can bring potentially dangerous voltages onto the circuit board. An example would be accidental faulting to 117V AC at some point on the cable which is then conducted to the PC board. Figure 12 shows how to detect and warn the user or installer that a voltage fault condition exists on the twisted pair or its shield. A small (3.2mm) glow lamp is connected between GND2 (the isolated ground) and the equipment’s safety “earth” ground. If a potential of more than 75V AC is present on the twisted pair or shield, B1 will light, indicating a wiring fault. Resistors R3 and R4 are used to ballast the current in B1. Two resistors are necessary because they can only stand off 200V each, as well as for power dissipation. As shown, the circuit can withstand a direct fault to a 440V 3-phase system. Other problems introduced by floating the twisted pair include the collection of static charge on the twisted pair, its shield and the attached circuitry. Resistors R1 and R2 provide a path to shunt static charge safely to ground. Again, two resisitors are necessary to withstand high voltage faults. Electrostatic spikes, electromagnetically induced transients and radio frequency pickup are shunted by addition capacitor C1. Receiver Inputs Fail-Safe The LTC1535 features an input common mode range covering the entire RS485 specified range of –7V to 12V. Differential signals of greater than ± 200mV within the specified input common mode range will be converted to TTL compatible signals at the receiver outputs, RO and RO2. A small amount of input hyteresis is included to minimize the effects of noise on the line signals. If the receiver inputs are floating or shorted, a designed-in receiver offset guarantees a fail-safe logic high at the receiver outputs. If a fail-safe logic low is desired, connect as shown in Figure 19. A Y LTC1535 B GND2 2 Z 2 TWISTED-PAIR NETWORK 2 R1* 470k R2* 470k C1*** 10nF R3** 100k R4** 100k B1 CN2R (JKL) EQUIPMENT SAFETY GROUND EARTH GROUND FLOATING RS485 COMMON 2 * IRC WCR1206 ** IRC WCR1210 *** PANASONIC ECQ-U2A103MV 1535 F12 Figure 12. Detecting Fault Conditions 1535fb 13 LTC1535 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION DI DI Y-Z Y-Z 1535 F13 1535 F14 Figure 13. Driver Propagation Delay with Sample Jitter. SLO = VCC2 Figure 14. Driver Propagation Delay with Sample Jitter. SLO = 0V Z Z Y Y 1535 F15 1535 F16 Figure 15. Driver Output. R = 27Ω, VCC2 = 5V, SLO = VCC2 Figure 16. Driver Output. R = 27Ω, VCC2 = 5V, SLO = 0V Y-Z Y-Z 1535 F17 1535 F18 Figure 17. Driver Differential Output. R = 27Ω, VCC2 = 5V, SLO = VCC2 Figure 18. Driver Differential Output. R = 27Ω, VCC2 = 5V, SLO = 0V 1535fb 14 LTC1535 TYPICAL APPLICATION 3V DE Y DI Z R 1535 TA02 R CL1 CL2 Figure 19. Fail-Safe Logic “0” RO RE DE DI LTC1535 A B Y Z TTL INPUT 30k RO RE DE DI LTC1535 A B Y Z TTL INPUT 30k 1535 TA02b (20a) Noninverting (20b) Inverting Figure 20. Configuring Receiver for TTL Level Input. Y and Z Outputs Are TTL Compatible with No Modification Full-Duplex Connection ** CTX02-14659 1/2 BAT54C + 10μF 2 1/2 BAT54C 2 VCC 10μF 1 RO 28 RO 3 ST2 420kHz 2 11 GND2 14 VCC2 + 1 VCC ST1 A R B RO2 16 120Ω 15 17 RE 1 VCC DI 27 26 25 4 1 RE DE DI GND D Y Z SLO 13 120Ω 12 18 1535 TA02c LOGIC COMMON 1 FLOATING RS485 COMMON 2 ** COOPER (888) 414-2645 1535fb 15 LTC1535 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION SW Package 28-Lead Plastic Small Outline Isolation Barrier (Wide .300 Inch) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1690) .697 – .712* (17.70 – 18.08) 28 27 26 25 18 17 16 15 NOTE 2 .394 – .419 (10.007 – 10.643) 1 .291 – .299** (7.391 – 7.595) .010 – .029 (0.254 – 0.737) 45° .093 – .104 (2.362 – 2.642) 2 3 4 11 12 13 14 0° – 8° TYP .050 (1.270) BSC .009 – .013 (0.229 – 0.330) NOTE 2 .016 – .050 (0.406 – 1.270) INCHES (MILLIMETERS) 2. PIN 1 IDENT, NOTCH ON TOP AND CAVITIES ON THE BOTTOM OF PACKAGES ARE THE MANUFACTURING OPTIONS THE PART MAY BE SUPPLIED WITH OR WITHOUT ANY OF THE OPTIONS. *DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED .006" (0.152mm) PER SIDE **DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH. INTERLEAD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED .010" (0.254mm) PER SIDE NOTE: 1. DIMENSIONS IN .014 – .019 (0.356 – 0.482) TYP .004 – 0.012 (0.102 – 0.305) SW28 (ISO) 1103 1535fb 16 LTC1535 REVISION HISTORY REV B DATE 12/09 DESCRIPTION Update Manufacturer’s Information on Typical Application and Figure 10 Revise Receiver Input Hysteresis Conditions Revise Block Diagram Revise Figure 1. Update Tables 1 and 3 (Revision history begins at Rev B) PAGE NUMBER 1, 10 3 7 8 12 1535fb Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 17 LTC1535 TYPICAL APPLICATION Complete, Isolated 24-Bit Data Acquisition System 1/2 BAT54C LT1761-5 IN SHDN GND OUT 10μF BYP + T1 10μF 16V TANT 1μF + 10μF 10V TANT 2 1/2 BAT54C “SDO” RO ST1 RE DE DI VCC1 10μF 10V TANT ST2 LTC1535 G1 G2 VCC2 A B Y Z + 2 10μF 10V TANT LTC2402 FO SCK SDO CS GND VCC FSSET CH1 CH0 ZSSET 10μF CERAMIC 2 “SCK” LOGIC 5V 1k + 1 1 1 2 1 2 = LOGIC COMMON = FLOATING COMMON 2 2 1535 TA05 ISOLATION BARRIER T1 = COOPER CTX02-14659 (888) 414-2645 RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER LT1424-5 LTC1485 LTC1531 LT1785/LT1791 LTC1690 DESCRIPTION Isolated Flyback Switching Regulator High Speed RS485 Transceiver Self-Powered Isolated Comparator ±60V Fault Protected RS485 Transceiver, Half/Full-Duplex Full-Duplex RS485 Transceiver COMMENTS ± 5% Accurate with No Optoisolator Required 10Mbps, Pin Compatible with LTC485 2.5V Isolated Reference, 3000VRMS Isolation ±15kV ESD Protection, Industry Standard Pinout ±15kV ESD Protection, Fail-Safe Receiver 1535fb 18 Linear Technology Corporation (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● LT 1209 REV B • PRINTED IN USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 www.linear.com © LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2009