MAX9830

19-4806; Rev 1; 4/10 KIT ATION EVALU BLE AVAILA Mono 2W Class D Amplifier General Description Features o Industry-Leading Quiescent Current: 1.6mA at 5V, 1.2mA at 3.6V o Spread Spectrum and Active Emissions Limiting o Passes EMI Limit Unfiltered with Up to 24in (61cm) of Speaker Cable o Click-and-Pop Suppression o Thermal and Overcurrent Protection o Low 0.5µA Current Shutdown Mode o Space-Saving, 2mm x 2mm x 0.8mm, 8-Pin TDFN Package MAX9830 The MAX9830 mono 2W Class D amplifier provides Class AB audio performance with Class D efficiency. Active emissions limiting edge rate and overshoot control circuitry greatly reduces EMI. A patented filterless spread-spectrum modulation scheme eliminates the need for output filtering found in traditional Class D devices. These features reduce application component count. The MAX9830’s industry-leading 1.6mA at 5V, 1.2mA at 3.6V, quiescent current extends battery life in portable applications. The MAX9830 is available in an 8-pin TDFN (2mm x 2mm x 0.8mm) and is specified over the extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range. Applications Notebook and Netbook Computers Cellular Phones MP3 Players Portable Audio Players VoIP Phones PART MAX9830AETA+ Ordering Information TEMP RANGE -40°C to +85°C PIN-PACKAGE 8 TDFN-EP* +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. *EP = Exposed pad. Pin Configuration TOP VIEW PVDD OUT+ OUT- PGND 8 7 6 5 Typical Operating Circuit +2.6V TO +5.5V 0.47µF IN+ PVDD 0.1µF IN0.47µF MAX9830 *EP 1 IN+ 2 IN3 4 MAX9830 OUT+ + SHDN OUTN.C. PGND SHDN N.C. TDFN 2mm x 2mm x 0.8mm *EP = EXPOSED PAD. CONNECT THE EP TO PGND TO ENHANCE THERMAL DISSIPATION. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. Mono 2W Class D Amplifier MAX9830 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Voltage PVDD, IN+, IN-, SHDN, to PGND .........................-0.3V to +6V OUT+, OUT- to PGND...........................-0.3V to VPVDD + 0.3V Current Continuous Current Into/Out of PVDD, PGND, OUT+, OUT- ..............................................................±600mA Continuous Input Current (all other pins) .....................±20mA Duration of Short Circuit Between OUT+, OUT-, and PVDD, PGND ............................Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation for a Multilayer Board (TA = +70°C) 8-Pin TDFN-EP (derate 11.9mW/°C) .........................953.5mW Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Soldering Temperature (reflow) .......................................+260°C Rate of Voltage Rise at PVDD .............................................1V/µs Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VPVDD = VSHDN = 5V, VPGND = 0V, RL = ∞, unless otherwise specified. RL connected between OUT+ and OUT-, AC measurement bandwidth 20Hz to 22kHz, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER SPEAKER AMPLIFIER Voltage Range Quiescent Supply Current Shutdown Supply Current Turn-On Time Bias Voltage Maximum AC Input Voltage Input Resistance in Shutdown Input Resistance Voltage Gain Common-Mode Rejection Ratio Power-Supply Rejection Ratio PVDD IDD ISHDN tON VBIAS VIN RINSD RIN AV CMRR PSRR fIN = 1kHz, input referred VPVDD = 2.6V to 5.5V, TA = +25°C PVDDRIPPLE = 200mVP-P (Note 3) THD+N = 10%, fIN = 1kHz fIN = 1kHz TA = +25°C Peak voltage, A-weighted, 32 samples/sec (Notes 3, 4) Into shutdown Out of shutdown fRIPPLE = 217Hz fRIPPLE = 20kHz RL = 8Ω RL = 4Ω RL = 8Ω, POUT = 0.5W RL = 4Ω, POUT = 1W VOS 54 Single ended Differential Between inputs From inputs to PGND 12 Inferred from PSRR test VPVDD = 5.0V VPVDD = 3.6V VSHDN = 0V, TA = +25°C 2.6 1.6 1.2 0.5 1.9 1.31 1 2 85.6 43 20 12 48 64.3 72 64 1.5 2.25 0.04 0.04 ±3 -56 dBV -56 ±30 mV W dB 10 4 5.5 2.5 V mA µA ms V VRMS kΩ kΩ dB dB SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Output Power Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise Output Offset Voltage POUT THD+N % Click-and-Pop Level KCP 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Mono 2W Class D Amplifier ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VPVDD = VSHDN = 5V, VPGND = 0V, RL = ∞, unless otherwise specified. RL connected between OUT+ and OUT-, AC measurement bandwidth 20Hz to 22kHz, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2) PARAMETER Oscillator Frequency Spread-Spectrum Bandwidth Noise Signal-to-Noise Ratio Output Current Limit Thermal Shutdown Level Thermal Shutdown Hysterysis Efficiency DIGITAL INPUT (SHDN) Input Voltage High Input Voltage Low Input Leakage Current VIH VIL TA = +25°C 1.4 0.4 ±10 V V µA η RL = 8Ω, POUT = 1.5W VN SNR ILIM A-weighted (Note 3) POUT = POUT at 1% THD+N, A-weighted RL = 8Ω TA = +25°C SYMBOL fOSC CONDITIONS MIN TYP 600 ±10 39 98 3 +180 30 85 MAX UNITS kHz kHz µVRMS dB A °C °C % MAX9830 Note 1: All devices are 100% production tested at TA = +25°C. All temperature limits are guaranteed by design. Note 2: Testing performed with a resistive load in series with an inductor to simulate an actual speaker load. For RL = 4Ω, L = 33µH. For RL = 8Ω, L = 68µH. Note 3: Amplifier inputs AC-coupled to PGND with CIN = 0.47µF. Note 4: Specified at room temperature with an 8Ω resistive load in series with a 68µH inductive load connected across BTL outputs. Mode transitions are controlled by SHDN. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier MAX9830 Typical Operating Characteristics (VPVDD = VSHDN = 5.0V, VPGND = 0V, RL = ∞, unless otherwise specified. RL connected between OUT+ and OUT-, AC measurement bandwidth 20Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX9830 toc01 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX9830 toc02 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY VPVDD = 5.0V RLOAD = 8I MAX9830 toc03 10 VPVDD = 5.0V RLOAD = 4I 10 VPVDD = 3.6V RLOAD = 4I 10 1 THD+N (%) THD+N (%) POUT = 400mW 1 THD+N (%) POUT = 100mW 1 POUT = 100mW 0.1 0.1 0.1 POUT = 1.4W 0.01 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k 0.01 10 100 POUT = 600mW 0.01 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k 10 100 POUT = 1W 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX9830 toc04 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX9830 toc05 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER VPVDD = 3.6V RLOAD = 4I MAX9830 toc06 10 VPVDD = 3.6V RLOAD = 8I 10 VPVDD = 5.0V RLOAD = 4I 10 1 THD+N (%) THD+N (%) POUT = 100mW 1 f = 6kHz THD+N (%) f = 1kHz 1 f = 1kHz f = 6kHz 0.1 0.1 0.1 POUT = 500mW 0.01 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k 0.01 0 0.5 f = 100Hz 0.01 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 0.2 f = 100Hz 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 OUTPUT POWER (W) OUTPUT POWER (W) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX9830 toc07 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX9830 toc08 OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE VPVDD = 5.0V 2.0 OUTPUT POWER (W) MAX9830 toc09 10 VPVDD = 5.0V RLOAD = 8I 10 VPVDD = 3.6V RLOAD = 8I 2.5 1 THD+N (%) THD+N (%) f = 6kHz f = 1kHz 1 f = 6kHz 0.1 f = 1kHz 1.5 THD+N = 10% 1.0 0.1 0.5 f = 100Hz 0.01 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 OUTPUT POWER (W) 0.01 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 OUTPUT POWER (W) f = 100Hz 0 1 THD+N = 1% 10 LOAD RESISTANCE (I) 100 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Mono 2W Class D Amplifier Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPVDD = VSHDN = 5.0V, VPGND = 0V, RL = ∞, unless otherwise specified. RL connected between OUT+ and OUT-, AC measurement bandwidth 20Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE MAX9830 toc10 MAX9830 OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE MAX9830 toc10a OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE fIN = 1kHz RL = 4I MAX9830 toc10b 1.2 1.0 OUTPUT POWER (W) 0.8 VPVDD = 3.6V 2.0 1.8 1.6 OUTPUT POWER (W) 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 fIN = 1kHz RL = 8I 3.0 2.5 OUTPUT POWER (W) 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 THD+N = 10% 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1 10 LOAD RESISTANCE (I) 100 THD+N = 1% 10% THD+N 10% THD+N 1% THD+N 1% THD+N 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX9830 toc11 EFFICIENCY vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX9830 toc12 POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY -10 -20 -30 VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P MAX9830 toc13 100 VPVDD = 5.0V 80 EFFICIENCY (%) RLOAD = 8I 100 VPVDD = 3.6V 80 EFFICIENCY (%) RLOAD = 8I 0 RLOAD = 4I RLOAD = 4I 40 PSRR (dB) 60 60 -40 -50 -60 -70 40 20 20 -80 -90 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 OUTPUT POWER (W) 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 OUTPUT POWER (W) -100 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY INPUT REFERRED -10 -20 CMRR (dB) -30 -40 -50 -60 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k MAX9830 toc14 AMPLITUDE vs. FREQUENCY MAX9830 toc15 STARTUP WAVEFORM MAX9830 toc16 0 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k SHDN 2V/div AMPLITUDE (dB) OUTPUT 500mA/div 100k 400Fs/div _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier MAX9830 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPVDD = VSHDN = 5.0V, VPGND = 0V, RL = ∞, unless otherwise specified. RL connected between OUT+ and OUT-, AC measurement bandwidth 20Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) SHUTDOWN WAVEFORM MAX9830 toc17 WIDEBAND OUTPUT SPECTRUM RBW = 100Hz OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (dBV) SHDN 2V/div -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 MAX9830 toc18 0 OUTPUT 500mA/div 400Fs/div 1 10 100 1000 FREQUENCY (MHz) OUTPUT FREQUENCY SPECTRUM MAX9830 toc19 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE MAX9830 toc20 0 -20 OUTPUT MAGNITUDE (dBV) -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 -140 0 2 4 6 8 2.0 1.6 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 1.2 0.8 0.4 0 10 12 14 16 18 20 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 FREQUENCY (kHz) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE MAX9830 toc21 RF IMMUNITY vs. FREQUENCY -10 RF IMMUNITY (dBV) -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 MAX9830 toc22 0.6 0.5 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (FA) 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 0 -70 -80 5.5 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) FREQUENCY (MHz) 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Mono 2W Class D Amplifier Pin Description PIN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 — NAME IN+ INSHDN N.C. PGND OUTOUT+ PVDD EP Noninverting Audio Input Inverting Audio Input Active-Low Shutdown Input. Drive SHDN low to place the device in shutdown mode. No Connection. Leave unconnected. Ground Negative Speaker Output Positive Speaker Output Power Supply. Bypass PVDD to PGND with a 0.1µF capacitor. Exposed Pad. Connect exposed pad to a solid ground plane. FUNCTION MAX9830 Detailed Description The MAX9830 features industry-leading quiescent current, low-power shutdown mode, comprehensive clickand-pop suppression, and excellent RF immunity. The MAX9830 offers Class AB audio performance with Class D efficiency in a minimal board-space solution. The Class D amplifier features spread-spectrum modulation combined with edge rate and overshoot control circuitry that offers significant improvements to switchmode amplifier radiated emissions. The MAX9830 includes thermal overload and short-circuit protection. 40 AMPLITUDE (dBuV/m) 30 20 10 0 -10 30 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 FREQUENCY (MHz) EN55022B LIMIT Figure 1. EMI with 24in of Speaker Cable Class D Speaker Amplifier The MAX9830 filterless Class D amplifier offers much higher efficiency than Class AB amplifiers. The high efficiency of a Class D amplifier is due to the switching operation of the output stage transistors. Any power loss associated with the Class D output stage is mostly due to the I2R loss of the MOSFET on-resistance and quiescent current overhead. frequency by ±10kHz around the center frequency (600kHz). Above 10MHz, the wideband spectrum looks like noise for EMI purposes (Figure 1). Ultra-Low EMI Filterless Output Stage Traditional Class D amplifiers require the use of external LC filters, or shielding, to meet EN55022B electromagnetic-interference (EMI) regulation standards. Maxim’s patented active emissions limiting edge-rate control circuitry and spread-spectrum modulation reduces EMI emissions, while maintaining up to 85% efficiency. Maxim’s patented spread-spectrum modulation mode flattens wideband spectral components, while proprietary techniques ensure that the cycle-to-cycle variation of the switching period does not degrade audio reproduction or efficiency. The MAX9830’s spreadspectrum modulator randomly varies the switching Speaker Current Limit If the output current of the speaker amplifier exceeds the current limit (1.8A typ), the MAX9830 disables the outputs for approximately 400µs. At the end of 400µs, the outputs are re-enabled. If the fault condition still exists, the MAX9830 continues to disable and re-enable the outputs until the fault condition is removed. Shutdown The MAX9830 features a low-power shutdown mode, drawing 0.5µA of supply current. Drive SHDN low to put the MAX9830 into shutdown. Click-and-Pop Suppression The MAX9830 speaker amplifier features Maxim’s comprehensive click-and-pop suppression. During startup, the click-and-pop suppression circuitry reduces any audible transient sources internal to the device. When entering shutdown, the differential speaker outputs ramp down to PGND quickly and simultaneously. 7 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mono 2W Class D Amplifier MAX9830 Applications Information Filterless Class D Operation Traditional Class D amplifiers require an output filter. The filter adds cost, size, and decreases efficiency and THD+N performance. The MAX9830’s filterless modulation scheme does not require an output filter. Because the switching frequency of the MAX9830 is well beyond the bandwidth of most speakers, voice coil movement at the switching frequency is very small. Use a speaker with a series inductance > 10µH. Typical 8Ω speakers exhibit series inductances in the 20µH to 100µH range. Input Filtering The input-coupling capacitor (CIN), in conjunction with the amplifier’s internal input resistance (RIN), forms a highpass filter that removes the DC bias from the incoming signal. These capacitors allow the amplifier to bias the signal to an optimum DC level. Select 0.47µF capacitors for optimum click-and-pop performance and 17Hz f-3dB. If a different f -3dB is required, C IN, assuming zerosource-impedance, is: CIN = 8 [µF] f -3dB Component Selection Optional Ferrite Bead Filter Although not normally needed, in applications where speaker leads exceed 24in at VPVDD = 3V, use a filter constructed from an inexpensive ferrite bead and a small-value capacitor to ground (Figure 2) to provide additional EMI suppression. Use a ferrite bead with low DC resistance, high frequency (≥ 1MHz) impedance of 100Ω to 600Ω, and rated for at least 1A. The capacitor value varies based on the ferrite bead chosen and the actual speaker lead length. Select the capacitor value based on EMI performance. Speaker Amplifier Power Supply Input (PVDD) PVDD powers the speaker amplifier. PVDD ranges from 2.6V to 5.5V. Bypass PVDD with a 0.1µF capacitor to PGND. Apply additional bulk capacitance at the device if long input traces between PVDD and the power source are used. Ensure a rate of voltage rise at PVDD is limited to 1V/µs. Use capacitors with adequately low voltage-coefficient for best low-frequency THD performance. Layout and Grounding Proper layout and grounding are essential for optimum performance. Good grounding improves audio performance and prevents switching noise from coupling into the audio signal. Use wide, low-resistance output traces. As load impedance decreases, the current drawn from the device outputs increase. At higher current, the resistance of the output traces decrease the power delivered to the load. For example, if 2W is delivered from the speaker output to a 4Ω load through a 100mΩ trace, 49mW is consumed in the trace. If power is delivered through a 10mΩ trace, only 5mW is consumed in the trace. Wide output, supply and ground traces also improve the power dissipation of the device. The MAX9830 is inherently designed for excellent RF immunity. For best performance, add ground fills around all signal traces on top and bottom PCB planes. The MAX9830 TDFN package features an exposed thermal pad on its underside. This pad lowers the package’s thermal resistance by providing a heat conduction path from the die to the PCB. Connect the exposed thermal pad to the ground plane by using a large pad and multiple vias. OUT+ MAX9830 OUT- Chip Information PROCESS: CMOS Figure 2. Optional Ferrite Bead Filter 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Mono 2W Class D Amplifier Functional Diagram 2.6V TO 5.5V FERRITE BEAD MAX9830 10µF* 0.1µF 8 PVDD UVLO/POWER MANAGEMENT 3 SHDN CLICK-AND-POP SUPPRESSION PVDD LOW-EMI DRIVER 0.47µF 1 IN+ CLASS D MODULATOR PGND PVDD OUT+ OUT- 7 0.47µF 2 IN- 6 LOW-EMI DRIVER MAX9830 PGND 5 PGND *BULK CAPACITOR _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier MAX9830 Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE 8 TDFN-EP PACKAGE CODE T822+2 DOCUMENT NO. 21-0168 PACKAGE OUTLINE 8L TDFN EXPOSED PAD, 2x2x0.80mm 21-0168 E 1 2 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 8L TDFN EXPOSED PADS.EPS Mono 2W Class D Amplifier Package Information (continued) For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. MAX9830 COMMON DIMENSIONS SYMBOL A D E A1 L k A2 MIN. 0.70 1.90 1.90 0.00 0.20 MAX. 0.80 2.10 2.10 0.05 0.40 0.25 MIN. 0.20 REF. PACKAGE VARIATIONS PKG. CODE T822-1 T822-2 N 8 8 D2 0.70±0.10 0.80±0.10 E2 1.30±0.10 1.20±0.10 e 0.50 TYP. 0.50 TYP. b 0.25±0.05 0.25±0.05 r 0.125 0.125 [(N/2)-1] x e 1.50 REF 1.50 REF PACKAGE OUTLINE 8L TDFN EXPOSED PAD, 2x2x0.80mm 21-0168 E 2 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 Mono 2W Class D Amplifier MAX9830 Revision History REVISION NUMBER 0 1 REVISION DATE 8/09 4/10 Initial release Removed PSRR spec from the Features section, updated EC table specs, and added new TOCs DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED — 1, 2, 5 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2010 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.