MAX9984ETP

19-3648; Rev 0; 4/05 KIT ATION EVALU ILABLE AVA SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch General Description The MAX9984 high-linearity downconversion mixer provides 8.1dB gain, +25dBm IIP3, and 9.3dB NF for 400MHz to 1000MHz base-station receiver applications*. With an optimized 570MHz to 850MHz LO frequency range, this particular mixer is ideal for low-side LO injection receiver architectures in the cellular band. High-side LO injection is supported by the MAX9986, which is pin-for-pin and functionally compatible with the MAX9984. In addition to offering excellent linearity and noise performance, the MAX9984 also yields a high level of component integration. This device includes a double-balanced passive mixer core, an IF amplifier, a dual-input LO selectable switch, and an LO buffer. On-chip baluns are also integrated to allow for single-ended RF and LO inputs. The MAX9984 requires a nominal LO drive of 0dBm, and supply current is guaranteed to be below 265mA. The MAX9984/MAX9986 are pin compatible with the MAX9994/MAX9996 1700MHz to 2200MHz mixers, making this entire family of downconverters ideal for applications where a common PC board layout is used for both frequency bands. The MAX9984 is also functionally compatible with the MAX9993. The MAX9984 is available in a compact, 20-pin, thin QFN package (5mm x 5mm) with an exposed paddle. Electrical performance is guaranteed over the extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range. Features ♦ 400MHz to 1000MHz RF Frequency Range* ♦ 325MHz to 850MHz LO Frequency Range* (MAX9984) ♦ 960MHz to 1180MHz LO Frequency Range (MAX9986) ♦ 50MHz to 250MHz IF Frequency Range ♦ 8.1dB Conversion Gain ♦ +25dBm Input IP3 ♦ +13dBm Input 1dB Compression Point ♦ 9.3dB Noise Figure ♦ 71dBc 2RF-2LO Spurious Rejection at PRF = -10dBm ♦ Integrated LO Buffer ♦ Integrated RF and LO Baluns for Single-Ended Inputs ♦ Low -3dBm to +3dBm LO Drive ♦ Built-In SPDT LO Switch with 54dB LO1 to LO2 Isolation and 50ns Switching Time ♦ Pin Compatible with MAX9994/MAX9996 1700MHz to 2200MHz Mixers ♦ Functionally Compatible with MAX9993 ♦ External Current-Setting Resistors Provide Option for Operating Mixer in Reduced Power/Reduced Performance Mode ♦ Lead-Free Package Available MAX9984 Applications 850MHz W-CDMA Base Stations GSM 850/GSM 900 2G and 2.5G EDGE Base Stations cdmaOne™ and cdma2000® Base Stations iDEN® Base Stations 400MHz to 700MHz OFDM/WiMAX CPE and Base-Station Equipment Predistortion Receivers Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Wireless Local Loop Private Mobile Radios Military Systems Microwave Links Digital and Spread-Spectrum Communication Systems cdma2000 is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association. cdmaOne is a trademark of CDMA Development Group. iDEN is a registered trademark of Motorola, Inc. Ordering Information PART MAX9984ETP MAX9984ETP-T MAX9984ETP+D TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C PKG CODE 20 Thin QFN-EP** T2055-3 5mm × 5mm 20 Thin QFN-EP** T2055-3 5mm × 5mm 20 Thin QFN-EP** T2055-3 5mm × 5mm 20 Thin QFN-EP** T2055-3 5mm × 5mm MAX9984ETP+TD -40°C to +85°C *For an RF frequency range below 815MHz (LO frequency below 570MHz), appropriate tuning is required. See Table 2 for details. **EP = Exposed paddle. + = Lead free. D = Dry pack. T = Tape-and-reel. Pin Configuration/Functional Diagram and Typical Application Circuit appear at end of data sheet. 1 ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9984 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +5.5V IF+, IF-, LOBIAS, LOSEL, IFBIAS to GND...-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) TAP ........................................................................-0.3V to +1.4V LO1, LO2, LEXT to GND........................................-0.3V to +0.3V RF, LO1, LO2 Input Power .............................................+12dBm RF (RF is DC shorted to GND through a balun) .................50mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 20-Pin Thin QFN-EP (derate 26.3mW/°C above +70°C)...........2.1W Note A: TC is the temperature on the exposed paddle of the package. Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. θJA .................................................................................+38°C/W θJC .................................................................................+13°C/W Operating Temperature Range (Note A) ....TC = -40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, no RF signal applied, IF+ and IF- outputs pulled up to VCC through inductive chokes, R1 = 953Ω, R2 = 619Ω, TC = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, TC = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER Supply Voltage Supply Current LO_SEL Input-Logic Low LO_SEL Input-Logic High SYMBOL VCC ICC VIL VIH 2 CONDITIONS MIN 4.75 TYP 5.00 222 MAX 5.25 265 0.8 UNITS V mA V V AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, RF and LO ports are driven from 50Ω sources, PLO = -3dBm to +3dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF = 815MHz to 1000MHz, fLO = 570MHz to 850MHz, fIF = 160MHz, fRF > fLO, TC = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, fRF = 910MHz, fLO = 750MHz, fIF = 160MHz, TC = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER RF Frequency Range SYMBOL fRF (Note 2) (Notes 2, 3) (Note 2) LO Frequency Range IF Frequency Range Conversion Gain Gain Variation Over Temperature fLO fIF GC (Notes 2, 3) MAX9986 (Note 2) fRF = 910MHz, fLO = 750MHz, TC = +25°C TC = -40°C to +85°C Flatness over any one of three frequency bands: fRF = 824MHz to 849MHz fRF = 869MHz to 894MHz fRF = 880MHz to 915MHz P1dB (Note 4) fLO = 570MHz to 850MHz, fIF = 160MHz, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C (Note 5) Input Third-Order Intercept Point IIP3 Two tones: fRF1 = 910MHz, fRF2 = 911MHz, PRF = -5dBm/tone, fLO = 750MHz, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C 19 dBm 22 25 CONDITIONS MIN 815 400 570 325 960 50 7.2 8.1 -0.0079 1180 250 9.2 MHz dB dB/°C 850 MHz TYP MAX 1000 UNITS MHz Conversion Gain Flatness ±0.25 dB Input Compression Point 13 dBm 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, RF and LO ports are driven from 50Ω sources, PLO = -3dBm to +3dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF = 815MHz to 1000MHz, fLO = 570MHz to 850MHz, fIF = 160MHz, fRF > fLO, TC = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = 0dBm, fRF = 910MHz, fLO = 750MHz, fIF = 160MHz, TC = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Input IP3 Variation Over Temperature Noise Figure NF SYMBOL CONDITIONS TC = +25°C to -40°C TC = +25°C to +85°C Single sideband, fIF = 190MHz fRF = 900MHz (no signal) fLO = 1090MHz fBLOCKER = 981MHz fIF = 190MHz (Note 6) PBLOCKER = +8dBm PBLOCKER = +11dBm MIN TYP -1.5 +0.8 9.3 19 dB 24 MAX UNITS dB dB MAX9984 Noise Figure Under-Blocking Small-Signal Compression Under-Blocking Condition LO Drive 2x2 Spurious Response at IF 3x3 LO1 to LO2 Isolation LO Leakage at RF Port LO Leakage at IF Port RF-to-IF Isolation LO Switching Time RF Port Return Loss PBLOCKER = PFUNDAMENTAL = -5dBm +8dBm fFUNDAMENTAL = 910MHz PBLOCKER = fBLOCKER = 911MHz +11dBm -3 2RF-2LO 3RF-3LO PLO = +3dBm TC = +25°C (Note 5) PLO = +3dBm PLO = +3dBm PLO = +3dBm 50% of LOSEL to IF settled to within 2° LO1/2 port selected, LO2/1 and IF terminated PRF = -10dBm PRF = -5dBm PRF = -10dBm PRF = -5dBm LO2 selected LO1 selected 47 47 0.25 dB 0.6 +3 71 66 87 82 54 60 -32 -23 54 50 14 23 dB 20 16 dB dB dBm dBm dB ns dB dBc dBm LO Port Return Loss LO1/2 port unselected, LO2/1 and IF terminated IF Port Return Loss LO driven at 0dBm, RF terminated into 50Ω, differential 200Ω Note 1: All limits include external component losses. Output measurements taken at IF output of the Typical Application Circuit. Note 2: Operation outside this range is possible, but with degraded performance of some parameters. Note 3: See Table 2 for component list required for 400MHz to 500MHz operation. For operation from 500MHz to 800MHz, appropriate tuning is required; please contact the factory for support. Note 4: Compression point characterized. It is advisable not to operate continuously the mixer RF input above +12dBm. Note 5: Guaranteed by design and characterization. Note 6: Measured with external LO source noise filtered so the noise floor is -174dBm/Hz. This specification reflects the effects of all SNR degradations in the mixer, including the LO noise as defined in Maxim Application Note 2021. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9984 Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF > fLO, fIF = 160MHz, unless otherwise noted.) CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc01 CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc02 CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc03 11 11 11 10 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) CONVERSION GAIN (dB) 9 9 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) TC = -25°C TC = -40°C 10 10 9 8 TC = +25°C 8 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 7 8 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 7 TC = +85°C 7 6 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 6 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 6 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc04 INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc05 INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY VCC = 4.75V VCC = 5.25V MAX9984 toc06 27 26 25 INPUT IP3 (dBm) TC = +85°C 27 26 25 INPUT IP3 (dBm) 24 23 22 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 26 25 24 INPUT IP3 (dBm) 23 22 21 20 19 VCC = 5.0V 24 23 22 21 20 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) TC = -40°C TC = -25°C TC = +25°C 21 20 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY TC = +25°C MAX9984 toc07 NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc08 NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc09 12 11 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 10 9 8 7 6 5 700 800 900 TC = -25°C TC = -40°C TC = +85°C 12 11 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 10 9 8 7 6 5 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 12 11 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 10 9 8 7 6 5 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 1000 700 800 900 1000 700 800 900 1000 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF > fLO, fIF = 160MHz, unless otherwise noted.) 2RF-2LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc10 MAX9984 2RF-2LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc11 2RF-2LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY PRF = -5dBm VCC = 4.75V VCC = 5.0V MAX9984 toc12 75 70 2RF-2LO RESPONSE (dBc) 65 60 PRF = -5dBm TC = +85°C 75 70 2RF-2LO RESPONSE (dBc) 65 60 PRF = -5dBm 80 75 2RF-2LO RESPONSE (dBc) 70 65 60 55 50 45 PLO = -3dBm TC = +25°C 55 50 45 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) TC = -25°C, -40°C PLO = +3dBm 55 50 45 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) PLO = 0dBm VCC = 5.25V 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 3RF-3LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc13 3RF-3LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc14 3RF-3LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY PRF = -5dBm VCC = 5.25V MAX9984 toc15 95 PRF = -5dBm TC = +85°C 95 PRF = -5dBm 95 3RF-3LO RESPONSE (dBc) 3RF-3LO RESPONSE (dBc) 85 85 3RF-3LO RESPONSE (dBc) 85 75 TC = -40°C TC = -25°C 75 75 VCC = 4.75V VCC = 5.0V 65 TC = +25°C 65 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 65 55 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 55 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 55 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc16 INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc17 INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc18 15 TC = -25°C 14 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 13 12 11 TC = -40°C 10 9 700 800 900 1000 TC = +85°C TC = +25°C 15 14 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 13 12 11 10 9 15 14 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 13 12 11 10 9 VCC = 4.75V VCC = 5.0V VCC = 5.25V PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 1100 700 800 900 1000 1100 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9984 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF > fLO, fIF = 160MHz, unless otherwise noted.) LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc19 LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc20 LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc21 60 TC = -25°C, -40°C LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) 55 60 60 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) 55 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) 55 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 50 50 TC = +85°C TC = +25°C 50 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 45 45 45 40 540 640 740 840 940 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 40 540 640 740 840 940 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 40 540 640 740 840 940 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc22 LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc23 LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY VCC = 5.0V VCC = 5.25V LO LEAKAGE (dBm) -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 MAX9984 toc24 -10 TC = -25°C, -40°C -15 LO LEAKAGE (dBm) -20 TC = +85°C -25 -30 -35 -40 540 640 740 840 TC = +25°C -10 -15 PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm LO LEAKAGE (dBm) -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 PLO = -3dBm -10 -15 VCC = 4.75V 940 540 640 740 840 940 540 640 740 840 940 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc25 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc26 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc27 -10 -10 -10 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) -20 TC = -25°C, -40°C -30 -20 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) -20 -30 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm -40 -30 -40 TC = +25°C TC = +85°C -40 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V -50 540 640 740 840 940 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) -50 540 640 740 840 940 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) -50 540 640 740 840 940 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 1, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fRF > fLO, fIF = 160MHz, unless otherwise noted.) RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc28 MAX9984 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc29 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc30 60 TC = -40°C 55 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 50 45 40 TC = +25°C 35 30 700 800 900 1000 TC = +85°C TC = -25°C 60 55 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 50 45 40 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 35 30 60 55 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 50 45 40 35 30 VCC = 5.25V VCC = 4.75V VCC = 5.0V 1100 700 800 900 1000 1100 700 800 900 1000 1100 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc31 IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc32 LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc33 0 5 RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 10 15 20 25 30 700 800 900 1000 0 5 IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 15 20 25 30 0 LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 PLO = +3dBm PLO = 0dBm VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 20 30 PLO = -3dBm 40 50 1100 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 540 640 740 840 940 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) IF FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY MAX9984 toc34 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE (TC) VCC = 5.25V SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 230 MAX9984 toc35 0 LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) 5 10 15 20 25 30 540 640 740 840 240 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 220 210 VCC = 4.75V VCC = 5.0V 200 940 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) TEMPERATURE (°C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9984 Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 2, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fIF = 75MHz, unless otherwise noted.) CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) MAX9984 toc36 INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO TC = +85°C TC = -25°C MAX9984 toc37 2RF-2LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO PRF = -5dBm TC = +85°C TC = +25°C MAX9984 toc38 10 LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO TC = -40°C 26 25 24 INPUT IP3 (dBm) 23 22 21 20 70 9 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) 65 2RF-2LO RESPONSE (dBc) 8 60 7 TC = -25°C 6 TC = +85°C 5 400 420 440 460 480 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) TC = +25°C 55 TC = +25°C TC = -40°C 50 TC = -25°C, -40°C 19 400 420 440 460 480 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 45 400 420 440 460 480 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 3RF-3LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) MAX9984 toc39 RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) MAX9984 toc40 IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO MAX9984 toc41 75 RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 3RF-3LO RESPONSE (dBc) 65 LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO PRF = -5dBm TC = +25°C TC = +85°C 0 5 10 15 20 25 VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO 0 10 55 TC = -25°C, -40°C 20 45 30 35 400 420 440 460 480 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 30 400 420 440 460 480 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 40 50 100 150 200 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) MAX9984 toc42 LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO MAX9984 toc43 CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF TC = -40°C MAX9984 toc44 0 LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) 5 10 15 20 25 30 LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C LOW-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 10 9 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) 8 TC = -25°C TC = +25°C TC = +85°C 7 6 5 325 345 365 385 405 425 400 420 440 460 480 500 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 325 345 365 385 405 425 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9984 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit, using component values in Table 2, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = -5dBm, fIF = 75MHz, unless otherwise noted.) INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF TC = +85°C 23 INPUT IP3 (dBm) 22 21 20 19 18 400 420 440 460 480 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) TC = -40°C TC = +25°C TC = -25°C MAX9984 toc45 2LO-2RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) MAX9984 toc46 3LO-3RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF PRF = -5dBm TC = -25°C TC = +25°C TC = +85°C MAX9984 toc47 25 24 80 75 2LO-2RF RESPONSE (dBc) 70 65 60 HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF PRF = -5dBm TC = -25°C TC = +25°C, +85°C 75 3LO-3RF RESPONSE (dBc) 65 55 TC = -40°C 45 TC = -40°C 55 50 400 420 440 460 480 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 35 400 420 440 460 480 500 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) MAX9984 toc48 IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) MAX9984 toc49 LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF MAX9984 toc50 0 5 RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 15 20 25 30 VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fRF > fLO 0 VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF 0 LO SELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) 5 10 15 20 25 30 IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 20 30 40 400 420 440 460 480 500 50 100 150 200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) IF FREQUENCY (MHz) 475 495 515 535 555 575 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (TUNED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY) VCC = 5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25°C HIGH-SIDE INJECTION, fLO > fRF MAX9984 toc51 0 LO UNSELECTED RETURN LOSS (dB) 5 10 15 20 25 30 475 495 515 535 555 575 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9984 Pin Description PIN 1, 6, 8, 14 2 3 4, 5, 10, 12, 13, 17 7 9 11 15 16 18, 19 20 EP NAME VCC RF TAP GND LOBIAS LOSEL LO1 LO2 LEXT IF-, IF+ IFBIAS GND FUNCTION Power-Supply Connection. Bypass each VCC pin to GND with capacitors as shown in the Typical Application Circuit. Single-Ended 50Ω RF Input. This port is internally matched and DC shorted to GND through a balun. Requires an external DC-blocking capacitor. Center Tap of the Internal RF Balun. Bypass to GND with capacitors close to the IC, as shown in the Typical Application Circuit. Ground Bias Resistor for Internal LO Buffer. Connect a 619Ω ±1% resistor from LOBIAS to the power supply. Local Oscillator Select. Logic control input for selecting LO1 or LO2. Local Oscillator Input 1. Drive LOSEL low to select LO1. Local Oscillator Input 2. Drive LOSEL high to select LO2. External Inductor Connection. Connect a low-ESR, 47nH inductor from LEXT to GND. This inductor carries approximately 140mA DC current. Differential IF Outputs. Each output requires external bias to VCC through an RF choke (see the Typical Application Circuit). IF Bias Resistor Connection for IF Amplifier. Connect a 953Ω ±1% resistor from IFBIAS to GND. Exposed Ground Paddle. Solder the exposed paddle to the ground plane using multiple vias. Detailed Description The MAX9984 high-linearity downconversion mixer provides 8.1dB of conversion gain and +25dBm of IIP3, with a typical 9.3dB noise figure. The integrated baluns and matching circuitry allow for 50Ω singleended interfaces to the RF and the two LO ports. A single-pole, double-throw (SPDT) switch provides 50ns switching time between the two LO inputs with 54dB of LO-to-LO isolation. Furthermore, the integrated LO buffer provides a high drive level to the mixer core, reducing the LO drive required at the MAX9984’s inputs to a -3dBm to +3dBm range. The IF port incorporates a differential output, which is ideal for providing enhanced IIP2 performance. Specifications are guaranteed over broad frequency ranges to allow for use in cellular band GSM, cdma2000, iDEN, and W-CDMA 2G/2.5G/3G base stations. The MAX9984 is optimized to operate over a 815MHz to 1000MHz RF frequency range, a 570MHz to 850MHz LO frequency range, and a 50MHz to 250MHz IF frequency range. Operation beyond these ranges is possible; see the Typical Operating Characteristics for additional details. For operation at a 400MHz to 500MHz RF frequency range, see the T ypical Operating Characteristics and Table 2 for details. The MAX9984 RF input is internally matched to 50Ω, requiring no external matching components. A DCblocking capacitor is required because the input is internally DC shorted to ground through the on-chip balun. RF Input and Balun LO Inputs, Buffer, and Balun The MAX9984 is ideally suited for low-side LO injection applications with an optimized 570MHz to 850MHz LO frequency range. Appropriate tuning allows for an LO frequency range below 570MHz (RF frequency below 815MHz). For a device with a 960MHz to 1180MHz LO frequency range, refer to the MAX9986 data sheet. As an added feature, the MAX9984 includes an internal LO SPDT switch that can be used for frequency-hopping applications. The switch selects one of the two singleended LO ports, allowing the external oscillator to settle on a particular frequency before it is switched in. LO switching time is typically less than 50ns, which is more than adequate for virtually all GSM applications. If frequency hopping is not employed, set the switch to either of the LO inputs. The switch is controlled by a digital input (LOSEL): logic-high selects LO2, logic-low selects LO1. To avoid damage to the part, voltage must be applied to VCC before digital logic is applied to LOSEL. LO1 and LO2 inputs are internally matched to 50Ω, requiring only a 82pF DC-blocking capacitor. 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch A two-stage internal LO buffer allows a wide input power range for the LO drive. All guaranteed specifications are for an LO signal power from -3dBm to +3dBm. The on-chip low-loss balun, along with an LO buffer, drives the double-balanced mixer. All interfacing and matching components from the LO inputs to the IF outputs are integrated on-chip. LEXT Inductor LEXT serves to improve the LO-to-IF and RF-to-IF leakage. The inductance value can be adjusted by the user to optimize the performance for a particular frequency band. Since approximately 140mA flows through this inductor, it is important to use a low-DCR wire-wound coil. If the LO-to-IF and RF-to-IF leakage are not critical parameters, the inductor can be replaced by a short circuit to ground. MAX9984 High-Linearity Mixer The core of the MAX9984 is a double-balanced, highperformance passive mixer. Exceptional linearity is provided by the large LO swing from the on-chip LO buffer. When combined with the integrated IF amplifiers, the cascaded IIP3, 2RF-2LO rejection, and NF performance is typically 25dBm, 71dBc, and 9.3dB, respectively. Layout Considerations A properly designed PC board is an essential part of any RF/microwave circuit. Keep RF signal lines as short as possible to reduce losses, radiation, and inductance. For the best performance, route the ground pin traces directly to the exposed pad under the package. The PC board exposed pad MUST be connected to the ground plane of the PC board. It is suggested that multiple vias be used to connect this pad to the lower-level ground planes. This method provides a good RF/thermal conduction path for the device. Solder the exposed pad on the bottom of the device package to the PC board. The MAX9984 evaluation kit can be used as a reference for board layout. Gerber files are available upon request at www.maxim-ic.com. Differential IF Output Amplifier The MAX9984 mixer has a 50MHz to 250MHz IF frequency range. The differential, open-collector IF output ports require external pullup inductors to VCC. Note that these differential outputs are ideal for providing enhanced 2RF-2LO rejection performance. Singleended IF applications require a 4:1 balun to transform the 200Ω differential output impedance to a 50Ω singleended output. Applications Information The RF and LO inputs are internally matched to 50Ω. No matching components are required for an 815MHz to 1000MHz RF frequency range. RF and LO inputs require only DC-blocking capacitors for interfacing. The IF output impedance is 200 Ω (differential). For evaluation, an external low-loss 4:1 (impedance ratio) balun transforms this impedance down to a 50Ω singleended output (see the Typical Application Circuit). Capacitor CP is used at the RF input port to tune the mixer down to operate in the 400MHz to 500MHz RF frequency range (see Table 2). Operation between 500MHz to 815MHz would require a smaller capacitor CP. Contact the factory for details. Power-Supply Bypassing Proper voltage-supply bypassing is essential for highfrequency circuit stability. Bypass each VCC pin and TAP with the capacitors shown in the Typical Application Circuit; see Table 1. Place the TAP bypass capacitor to ground within 100 mils of the TAP pin. Input and Output Matching Exposed Pad RF/Thermal Considerations The exposed paddle (EP) of the MAX9984’s 20-pin thin QFN-EP package provides a low thermal-resistance path to the die. It is important that the PC board on which the MAX9984 is mounted be designed to conduct heat from the EP. In addition, provide the EP with a low-inductance path to electrical ground. The EP MUST be soldered to a ground plane on the PC board, either directly or through an array of plated via holes. Bias Resistors Bias currents for the LO buffer and the IF amplifier are optimized by fine tuning resistors R1 and R2. If reduced current is required at the expense of performance, contact the factory for details. If the ±1% bias resistor values are not readily available, substitute standard ±5% values. TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1017 PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS Chip Information ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9984 Table 1. Component List Referring to the Typical Application Circuit for 815MHz to 1000MHz RF Frequency Operation COMPONENT L1, L2 L3 C1 C2, C4, C7, C8, C10, C11, C12 C3, C5, C6, C9, C13, C14 C15 R1 R2 R3 T1 U1 VALUE 330nH 47nH 10pF 82pF 0.01µF 220pF 953Ω 619Ω 3.57Ω 4:1 balun MAX9984 DESCRIPTION Wire-wound high-Q inductors (0805) Wire-wound high-Q inductor (0603) Microwave capacitor (0603) Microwave capacitors (0603) Microwave capacitors (0603) Microwave capacitor (0402) ±1% resistor (0603) ±1% resistor (0603) ±1% resistor (1206) IF balun (TC4-1W-7A) Maxim IC Table 2. Component List Referring to the Typical Application Circuit for 400MHz to 995MHz RF Frequency Operation COMPONENT L1, L2 L3 CP C1 C2, C4, C7, C8, C10, C11, C12 C3, C5, C6, C9, C13, C14 C15 R1 R2 R3 T1 U1 VALUE 820nH 47nH 7pF 56pF 220pF 10nF 220pF 953Ω 619Ω 3.57Ω 4:1 balun MAX9984 DESCRIPTION Wire-wound high-Q inductors (0805) Wire-wound high-Q inductor (0603) Microwave capacitor (0603) Microwave capacitor (0603) Microwave capacitors (0603) Microwave capacitors (0603) Microwave capacitor (0402) ±1% resistor (0603) ±1% resistor (0603) ±1% resistor (1206) IF balun (TC4-1W-7A) Maxim IC 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________ SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9984 Pin Configuration/Functional Diagram IFBIAS LEXT 16 GND 17 IF+ 19 IF18 20 VCC 1 RF 2 TAP 3 GND 4 GND 5 MAX9984 15 LO2 14 VCC 13 GND 12 GND 11 LO1 6 VCC 7 LOBIAS 8 VCC 9 LOSEL 10 GND THIN QFN ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9984 Typical Application Circuit VCC T1 3 R3 L1 C13 C14 L2 R1 IFBIAS C15 1 L3 LEXT GND IF+ IF4 2 6 IF OUTPUT VCC 20 19 18 17 16 C3 C1 RF INPUT CP* C5 C2 VCC RF TAP C12 1 MAX9984 2 3 4 5 14 13 12 11 15 LO2 VCC GND GND C10 LO1 LO1 INPUT C11 LO2 INPUT VCC C4 GND GND 6 LOBIAS VCC 7 VCC 8 LOSEL 9 10 GND R2 VCC C6 C7 LOSEL INPUT C8 C9 VCC *CP NEEDED FOR 400MHz TO 500MHz RF FREQUENCY OPERATION. SEE TABLE 2. 14 ______________________________________________________________________________________ SiGe High-Linearity, 400MHz to 1000MHz Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) QFN THIN.EPS MAX9984 D2 D D/2 MARKING k L E/2 E2/2 E (NE-1) X e C L C L b D2/2 0.10 M C A B XXXXX E2 PIN # 1 I.D. DETAIL A e (ND-1) X e e/2 PIN # 1 I.D. 0.35x45° DETAIL B e L1 L C L C L L L e 0.10 C A 0.08 C e C A1 A3 PACKAGE OUTLINE, 16, 20, 28, 32, 40L THIN QFN, 5x5x0.8mm -DRAWING NOT TO SCALE- 21-0140 H 1 2 COMMON DIMENSIONS PKG. 16L 5x5 20L 5x5 28L 5x5 32L 5x5 40L 5x5 SYMBOL MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. NOM. MAX. EXPOSED PAD VARIATIONS PKG. CODES T1655-1 T1655-2 T1655N-1 T2055-2 T2055-3 T2055-4 T2055-5 T2855-1 T2855-2 T2855-3 T2855-4 T2855-5 T2855-6 T2855-7 T2855-8 T2855N-1 T3255-2 T3255-3 T3255-4 T3255N-1 T4055-1 D2 MIN. NOM. MAX. MIN. E2 NOM. MAX. L ±0.15 A A1 A3 b D E e k L L1 N ND NE JEDEC NOTES: DOWN BONDS ALLOWED 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.70 0.75 0.80 0 0.02 0.05 0 0.02 0.05 0 0.02 0.05 0 0.02 0.05 0 0.02 0.05 0.20 REF. 0.25 0.30 0.35 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 0.80 BSC. 0.25 0.20 REF. 0.20 REF. 0.20 REF. 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.30 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 0.50 BSC. 0.65 BSC. 0.50 BSC. - 0.25 - 0.25 0.25 0.20 REF. 0.15 0.20 0.25 4.90 5.00 5.10 4.90 5.00 5.10 0.40 BSC. 0.25 0.35 0.45 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.15 3.15 2.60 3.15 2.60 2.60 3.15 2.60 3.15 3.15 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.20 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.00 3.25 3.25 2.70 3.25 2.70 2.70 3.25 2.70 3.25 3.25 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.35 3.35 2.80 3.35 2.80 2.80 3.35 2.80 3.35 3.35 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.15 3.15 2.60 3.15 2.60 2.60 3.15 2.60 3.15 3.15 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.25 3.25 2.70 3.25 2.70 2.70 3.25 2.70 3.25 3.25 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 3.30 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.35 3.35 2.80 3.35 2.80 2.80 3.35 2.80 3.35 3.35 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.40 ** ** ** ** ** ** 0.40 ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 0.40 ** ** ** ** ** ** NO YES NO NO YES NO YES NO NO YES YES NO NO YES YES NO NO YES NO NO YES 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.45 0.55 0.65 0.45 0.55 0.65 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.40 0.50 0.60 - 0.30 0.40 0.50 16 4 4 WHHB 20 5 5 WHHC 28 7 7 WHHD-1 32 8 8 WHHD-2 40 10 10 ----- 1. DIMENSIONING & TOLERANCING CONFORM TO ASME Y14.5M-1994. 2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. ANGLES ARE IN DEGREES. 3. N IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TERMINALS. 4. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER AND TERMINAL NUMBERING CONVENTION SHALL CONFORM TO JESD 95-1 SPP-012. DETAILS OF TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL, BUT MUST BE LOCATED WITHIN THE ZONE INDICATED. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR MARKED FEATURE. 5. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO METALLIZED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.25 mm AND 0.30 mm FROM TERMINAL TIP. 6. ND AND NE REFER TO THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS ON EACH D AND E SIDE RESPECTIVELY. 7. DEPOPULATION IS POSSIBLE IN A SYMMETRICAL FASHION. 8. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED HEAT SINK SLUG AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS. 9. DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO220, EXCEPT EXPOSED PAD DIMENSION FOR T2855-1, T2855-3, AND T2855-6. 10. WARPAGE SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.10 mm. 11. MARKING IS FOR PACKAGE ORIENTATION REFERENCE ONLY. 12. NUMBER OF LEADS SHOWN ARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY. 13. LEAD CENTERLINES TO BE AT TRUE POSITION AS DEFINED BY BASIC DIMENSION "e", ±0.05. 3.30 3.40 3.20 ** SEE COMMON DIMENSIONS TABLE PACKAGE OUTLINE, 16, 20, 28, 32, 40L THIN QFN, 5x5x0.8mm -DRAWING NOT TO SCALE- 21-0140 H 2 2 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 15 © 2005 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.