MP150GJ-Z

MP150 Offline Primary-Side Regulator For Low Power Applications The Future of Analog IC Technology DESCRIPTION FEATURES  MP150 is a primary-side regulator that provides accurate constant voltage (CV) regulation without the opto-coupler, and supports Buck, Buck-boost, Boost and Flyback topologies. It has an integrated 500V MOSFET that simplifies the structure and reduces costs. These features help to make it a competitive candidate for offline low power applications, such as home appliances and standby power.  MP150 is a green-mode operation regulator. Both the peak current and switching frequency decrease as the load decreases to provide excellent efficiency performance at light load, thus improving the overall average efficiency.     The MP150 features various protections, including thermal shutdown (TSD), VCC undervoltage lockout (UVLO), over-load protection (OLP), short-circuit protection (SCP), and open loop protection. MP150 is available in the TSOT23-5 and SOIC8 packages.     Primary-side constant voltage (CV) control, supporting Buck, Buck-boost, Boost and Flyback topologies Integrated 500V/30Ω MOSFET < 150mW No-load power consumption Up to 2W output power Maximum DCM output current less than 120mA Maximum CCM output current less than 200mA Frequency foldback Maximum frequency limitation Peak current compression Internal high-voltage current source APPLICATIONS    Home Appliance, White Goods and Consumer Electronics Industrial Controls Standby Power All MPS parts are lead-free, halogen free, and adhere to the RoHS directive. For MPS green status, please visit MPS website under Quality Assurance. “MPS” and “The Future of Analog IC Technology” are Registered Trademarks of Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. TYPICAL APPLICATION MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 1 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number* Package Top Marking MP150GJ MP150GS TSOT23-5 SOIC8 ADG MP150 * For Tape & Reel, add suffix –Z (e.g. MP150GJ–Z); * For Tape & Reel, add suffix –Z (e.g. MP150GS–Z); PACKAGE REFERENCE TOP VIEW VCC 1 FB 2 SOURCE TOP VIEW 5 3 4 DRAIN SOURCE TSOT23-5 VCC 1 8 N/C FB 2 7 DRAIN SOURCE 3 6 N/C SOURCE 4 5 N/C SOIC8 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) Thermal Resistance (4) Drain to SOURCE ......................... -0.7V to 500V All Other Pins ................................. -0.7V to 6.5V Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +25°C) (2) TSOT23-5 ...................................................... 1W SOIC8............................................................. 1W Junction Temperature ............................... 150°C Lead Temperature .................................... 260°C Storage Temperature ................-60°C to +150°C ESD Capability Human Body Mode .......... 4.0kV ESD Capability Machine Mode ................... 200V TSOT23-5 .............................. 100 ...... 55 ... °C/W SOIC8...................................... 96 ....... 45 ... °C/W Recommended Operating Conditions (3) Operating Junction Temp. (TJ) .-40°C to +125°C Operating VCC range ..................... 5.3V to 5.6V MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 θJA θJC Notes: 1) Exceeding these ratings may damage the device. 2) The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the maximum junction temperature TJ(MAX), the junction-toambient thermal resistance θJA, and the ambient temperature TA. The maximum allowance continuous power dissipation at any ambient temperature is calculated by PD(MAX)=(TJ(MAX)-TA)/θJA. Exceeding the maximum allowance power dissipation will cause excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. Internal thermal shutdown circuit protects the device from permanent damage. 3) The device is not guaranteed to function outside of its operating conditions. 4) Measured on JESD51-7, 4-layer PCB. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 2 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VCC = 5.8V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Parameter Symbol Start-up Current Source (Drain Pin) Internal regulator supply current Iregulator Drain pin leakage current ILeak Breakdown voltage V(BR)DSS Supply Voltage Management (VCC Pin) VCC level (increasing) where the VCCOFF internal regulator stops VCC level (decreasing) where the VCCON internal regulator turns on VCC regulator on and off hysteresis VCC level (decreasing) where the IC VCCstop stops working VCC level (decreasing) where the VCCpro protection phase ends Internal IC consumption Internal IC consumption (no switching) Internal IC Consumption, Latch off Phase Internal MOSFET (Drain Pin) Breakdown voltage ON resistance ICC Condition Min Typ Max Units VCC=4V;VDrain=100V VCC=5.8V;VDarin=400V 2.5 3.5 10 4.5 12 mA μA V 5.4 5.6 5.8 V 5.1 5.3 5.6 V 500 VCC=5.8V, D= 40% 250 mV 3.4 V 2.4 V fs=37kHz, ICC ICCLATCH VCC=5.3V VBRDSS 430 μA 300 μA 16 μA 500 Ron V 30 Ω Internal Current Sense Peak current limit ILimit 260 290 345 mA Leading-edge blanking τLEB1 350 ns SCP point ISCP 450 mA Leading-edge blanking for SCP τLEB2 180 ns Feedback input (FB Pin) Minimum off time Primary MOSFET feedback turn-on threshold OLP feedback trigger threshold τminoff 15 18 21 μs VFB 2.45 2.55 2.65 V VFB_OLP OLP delay time τOLP Open-loop detection Thermal Shutdown VOLD Thermal shutdown threshold MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 fs=37kHz 1.7 V 170 ms 60 mV 150 ºC www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 3 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Breakdown Voltage vs. Junction Temperature 640 620 2 On-State Resistance vs. Junction Temperature Feedback Voltage vs. Junction Temperature 2.8 2.7 1.6 2.6 1.2 580 560 VFB(V) VBRDSS(V) 600 0.8 540 2.4 2.3 2.2 0.4 520 2.5 2.1 500 -40 -20 0 25 85 105 125 0 -40 -20 0 25 85 105 125 2 -40 -20 0 25 85 105 125 Minimum Off Time vs. Junction Temperature 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 -40 -20 MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 0 25 85 105 125 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 4 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 265VAC, VOUT = 5V, IOUT = 200mA, L = 1mH, COUT = 100μF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 5 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued) VIN = 230VAC, VOUT = 5V, IOUT = 200mA, L = 1mH, COUT = 100μF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Input Power Start Up Input Power Shut Down SCP Entry VDS 100V/div. VDS 100V/div. IL 200mA/div. IL 200mA/div. SCP recovery VDS 100V/div. IL 200mA/div. Open Loop Entry Open Loop Recovery VDS 100V/div. VDS 100V/div. VDS 100V/div. IL 200mA/div. IL 200mA/div. IL 200mA/div. Output Voltage Ripple VRIPPLE 50mV/div. Load Transient VRIPPLE 50mV/div. IOUT 200mA/div. MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 6 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR PIN FUNCTIONS Pin # Pin # Name TSOT23-5 SOIC8 1 1 VCC 2 2 FB 3,4 3,4 SOURCE 5 7 DRAIN 5,6,8 N/C MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 Description Control Circuit Power Supply. Regulator Feedback. Internal Power MOSFET Source. Ground reference for VCC and FB pins. Internal Power MOSFET Drain. High voltage current source input. Not connected. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 7 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Vcc Start up unit Power Management Drain Driving Signal Management Feedback control Peak current Limitation FB Protection Unit Source Figure 1: Functional Block Diagram MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 8 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR OPERATION The MP150 is a green-mode-operation regulator. The peak current and the switching frequency both decrease as the load decreases to provide excellent efficiency at light load, and thus improve the overall average efficiency. The typical application diagram shows that the regulator operates using a minimal number of external components. It incorporates the following features: Start-up and Under Voltage Lock-out The internal high-voltage regulator supplies the IC from the Drain pin. The IC starts switching and the internal high voltage regulator turns off when the voltage on VCC reaches 5.6V. When the VCC voltage drops below 5.3V, the internal high voltage regulator turns on again to charge the external VCC capacitor. Use a capacitor in the several µF range stabilize the VCC voltage and this can lower the cost by decreasing the value of the capacitor. When the voltage on VCC drops blow 3.4V, the IC stops, then the internal high-voltage regulator charges the VCC capacitor. When faults occur, such as overload, short circuit, and over-heating, the IC stops working and an internal current source (16µA) discharges the VCC capacitor. Before the VCC voltage drops below 2.4V, the internal high-voltage regulator remains off and the VCC capacitor remains discharged. Estimate the restart time after a fault as: t restart  C VCC  VCC  2.4V 5.6V  2.4V  CVCC  16uA 3.5mA Figure 2 shows the typical waveform with VCC under-voltage lockout. MP150 Rev. 1.14 9/25/2018 VCC VCCH=5.6V VCCL=5.3V VCCStop=3.4V ON Internal Current Source OFF Driving Signal Figure 2: VCC Under-Voltage Lockout Constant Voltage Operation The MP150 is a fully-integrated regulator when used in a Buck solution as shown in the typical application on page 1. The integrated MOSFET turns ON at the beginning of each cycle when the feedback voltage is below the reference voltage (2.5V), which indicates insufficient output voltage. The peak current limit determines the ON period. After the ON period elapses, the integrated MOSFET turns OFF. The freewheeling diode (D1) remains OFF until the inductor current charges the sampling capacitor (C3) voltage to the output voltage level. Then the sampling capacitor voltage changes with the output voltage. The sampling capacitor can sample and hold the output voltage to regulate the output voltage. The sampling capacitor voltage decreases after the inductor current drops below the output current. When the feedback voltage falls below the reference voltage (2.5V), a new switching cycle begins. Figure 3 shows the detailed operation timing diagram under CCM. www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 9 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR Minimum OFF Time Limit The MP150 implements a minimum OFF time limit. During the normal operation, the minimum OFF time limit is 18µs; during start up, the minimum OFF time limit gradually drops from 72µs, to 36µs, then to 18 µs (see Figure 4). Each minimum OFF time has 128 switching cycles. This soft-start function allows for safe start-up.  72us  18us  36us Figure 3: VFB vs VOUT Monitoring the sampling capacitor regulates the output voltage, as per the following equation: Vo  2.5V  R1  R2 R2 Frequency Foldback Under light load or no load conditions, the output drops very slowly, which increases the time for the MOSFET to turn ON again; i.e., frequency decreases as the load decreases. So the MP150 can maintain a high efficiency under light load condition by reducing the switching frequency automatically. The switching frequency can be obtained as: (Vin  Vo ) Vo , for CCM fs   2L(Ipeak  Io ) Vin 2(Vin  VO ) Io Vo , for DCM fs   LI2peak Vin At the same time, the peak current limit decreases from 290mA as the OFF time increases. In standby mode, the frequency and the peak current are both minimized, allowing for a small dummy load. As a result, the peakcurrent-compression function helps to reduce noload consumption. Determine the peak current limitation from the following equation where τoff is the power module OFF time: IPeak  290mA  (1mA / s)  ( off  18s) MP150 Rev. 1.14 9/25/2018 Figure 4: tminoff at Start-Up EA Compensation FB Comparator + EA VFB + + Vramp + + - Vramp Vref 2.5V Ipeak Figure 5: EA and Ramp Compensation To improve load regulation, the MP150 implements an error amplifier (EA) compensation function (Figure 5). The MP150 samples the feedback voltage 6µs after the MOSFET turns off. EA compensation regulates the 2.5V reference voltage with the load, thus improving the power module regulation. RAMP Compensation An internal ramp compensation circuit precisely maintains the output voltage. An additional exponential voltage sinking source pulls down the feedback comparator’s reference voltage as shown in Figure 5. The ramp compensation is relative to the load conditions: Under full-load conditions, the compensation is ~1mV/µs; With a www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 10 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR decreasing load, the compensation increases exponentially. Over Load Protection (OLP) As the load increases, the peak current and the switching frequency increase with the load. When the switching frequency and peak current reaches their maximums, the output voltage will decrease if the load continues to increase. Then the FB voltage will drop below OLP threshold. By continuously monitoring the FB voltage, the timer starts when the FB voltage drops below the 1.7V error flag threshold. Removing the error flag resets the timer. If the timer continues to completion at 170ms (fa =37kHz), OLP occurs. This timer duration avoids triggering OLP when the power supply starts up or enters a load transition phase, and therefore requires that the power supply start up in less than 170ms. A different switching frequency (fs) changes the over-load protection delay time, as shown below: Delay  170ms  Open Loop Detection If the VFB drops below 60mV, the IC will stop working and begins a re-start cycle. The openloop detection is blanked for 128 switching cycles during start-up. Leading-Edge Blanking An internal leading-edge blanking (LEB) unit between the current sense resistor inside the IC and the current comparator input avoids prematurely switching pulse termination due to the parasitic capacitance. During the blanking period, the current comparator is disabled and cannot turn off the external MOSFET. Figure 6 shows leading edge blanking. 37kHz fs Short-Circuit Protection (SCP) The MP150 shuts down when the peak current rises above 450mA as its short-circuit protection threshold. The power supply resumes operation after removing the fault. Figure 6: Leading-Edge Blanking Thermal shutdown (TSD) To prevent from any lethal thermal damage, the MP150 shuts down switching when the inner temperature exceeds 150°C. During thermal shutdown (TSD), the VCC drops to 2.4V, and then the internal high voltage regulator recharges VCC. MP150 Rev. 1.14 9/25/2018 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 11 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR APPLICATION INFORMATION Table 1. Common Topologies Using MP150 Topology High-Side Buck High-Side Buck-Boost Boost Circuit Schematic Features 1. 2. 3. 4. No-isolation, Positive output Low cost Direct feedback 1. 2. 3. 4. No-isolation, Negative output Low cost Direct feedback 1. 2. 3. 4. No-isolation, Positive output Low cost Direct feedback 1. Isolation, 2. Positive output 3. Low cost 4. Indirect feedback Flyback MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 12 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR MP150 can be used in common topologies, such as Buck, Buck-Boost, Boost and Flyback. Please find the Table.1 for more information. Component Selection Input Capacitor The input capacitor supplies the converter’s DC input voltage. Figure 7 shows the typical halfwave rectifier’s DC bus voltage waveform. MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER(W) 1.2 Topology Options 1.1 1 0.9 PMIN 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.6 2.1 2.6 INDUCTOR(mH) Figure 7: Input Voltage Waveform When using the half-wave rectifier, set the input capacitor 3µF/W for the universal input condition. When using the full-wave rectifier, choose a smaller capacitor, but avoid a minimum DC voltage below 70V to avoid thermal shutdown. MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER(W) Figure 8: Pmin vs. L at 5V 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 PMIN 0.5 0 0.6 1.1 Inductor MP150 has a minimum OFF time limit that determines the maximum power output. The maximum power increases with the inductor value. Using a smaller inductor may cause the output to fail at full load, but a larger inductor results in a higher OLP load. The optimal inductor value is the smallest that can supply the rated power. The maximum power is: Po max  Vo (Ipeak  Po max  Vo min off ) , for CCM 2L 1 2 1 LIpeak  , for DCM min off 2 To account for converter parameters—such as peak current limit and minimum OFF time— estimate the minimum inductor power (Pmin) for the maximum power, and selecting an inductor with a Pmin value that exceeds the rated power. 1.6 2.1 2.6 INDUCTOR(mH) Figure 9: Pmin vs. L at 12V When designing a 0.5W converter (5V, 0.1A), estimate the minimum inductor value at 0.6mH based on Figure 8. Similarly, for a 1.2W converter (12V, 0.1A), estimate the minimum inductor at 0.9mH based on Figure 9. Use a standard off-the-shelf inductor to reduce costs. Use a standard inductance that exceeds calculated inductance. Freewheeling Diode Choose a diode with a maximum reverse voltage rating that exceeds the maximum input voltage, and a current rating that exceeds the output current. The reverse recovery of the freewheeling diode can affect the efficiency and circuit operation. Select an ultra-fast diode, such as the EGC10JH for DCM and the UGC10JH for CCM. Using output voltages 5V and 12V as examples, Figure 8 shows the curve for Pmin at 5V, and Figure 9 shows the curve for Pmin at 12V. (Ipeak=0.29A, τminoff=18µs). MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 13 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR Output Capacitor Dummy Load The output capacitor maintains the DC output voltage. Estimate the output voltage ripple as: A dummy load maintains the load regulation. This ensures sufficient inductor energy to charge the sample-and-hold capacitor to detect the output voltage. Start with a 3mA dummy load and adjust as necessary. VCCM _ ripple  VDCM _ ripple I  o fsCo i  i  RESR for CCM 8fsCo 2 I I    pk o   Ipk  RESR for DCM  I   pk  Use ceramic, tantalum, or low-ESR electrolytic capacitors to lower the output voltage ripple. Feedback Resistors Surge Performance To obtain a good surge performance, select an appropriate input capacitor that meets different surge tests. Figure 10 shows the half-wave rectifier. Table 2 shows the required capacitance under normal conditions for different surge voltages. The resistor divider determines the output voltage. Choose appropriate R1 and R2 values to maintain the FB voltage at 2.5V. Avoid very large values for R2 (typical values between 5kΩ to10kΩ. Feedback Capacitor The feedback capacitor provides a sample-andhold function. Small capacitors result in poor regulation at light load condition, and large capacitors can impact circuit operation. Estimate the capacitor range as per the following equation: C Vo C 1 Vo  o  CFB   o 2 R1  R 2 Io R1  R 2 Io Choose an appropriate value given practical considerations. MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 Figure 10: Half-Wave Rectifier Table 2: Recommended Capacitor Values Surge 500V 1000V 2000V voltage 1μF 10μF 22μF C1 1μF 4.7μF 10μF C2 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 14 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR Layout Guide PCB layout is very important to achieve reliable operation, good EMI, and good thermal performance. Follow these guidelines to optimize performance. 1) Minimize the loop area formed by the input capacitor, IC part, freewheeling diode, inductor and output capacitor. 2) Place the power inductor far away from the input filter. 3) Add a capacitor in the several-hundred pF range between the FB and source pins, as close as to the IC as possible. 4) Connect the exposed pad with the Drain pin to a large copper area to improve thermal performance. Bottom Layer Design Example Below is a design example following the application guidelines given the following specifications: Table 3: Design Example 85 to 265Vac VIN 5V VOUT 200mA IOUT Figure 12 shows the detailed application schematic. The Typical Performance Characteristics section lists typical performance and circuit waveforms. For more device applications, refer to the related Evaluation Board Datasheets. Top MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 15 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS Figure 11 shows a typical application example of a 5V, 200mA non-isolated power supply using MP150. D1 1N4007 R1 4.99k C1 U1 5 Drain Vcc FB L1 RF1 L 10 D2 4 Source Source 1 2 220nF C2 C7 470pF R2 4 .99k 5V/200mA L2 Vout 3 1 mH 1mH 1N4007 MP150 C3 D3 C4 /400V /400V C5 WUGC10JH 100 /6.3V D4 N C6 R3 1 680 GND 1N 4007 GND Figure 11: Typical Application Example; 5V, 200mA MP150 Rev. 1.15 9/25/2018 www.MonolithicPower.com MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited. © 2018 MPS. All Rights Reserved. 16 MP150 – OFFLINE PRIMARY-SIDE REGULATOR FLOW CHART Start Vcc Decrease to 2.4 Internal High Voltage Regulator ON Shut Down Internal High Voltage Regulator Y Vcc>5.6V N Shut off the Switching Pulse Y Vcc