MP2639B
1S Cell Li-ion or Li-polymer Switching Charger
Compatible with Wide Input Range and
Integrated Programmable OTG
DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
The MP2639B is a highly integrated, flexible
switch-mode battery charging management
device for a single-cell Li-ion and Li-Polymer
battery used in a wide range of portable
applications.
•
•
The MP2639B works in three modes: charge
mode, discharge mode, and sleep mode. (See
Table 1)
When the input power supply is available, the
MP2639B operates as a switching charger to
charge a 1S battery from a wide input power
range of 5V to 16V, which can cover a USB PD
voltage level. The MP2639B automatically
detects the battery voltage and charges the
battery in three phases: pre-charge, constant
charge, and constant voltage charge. Other
features include charge termination and autorecharge.
When the input is absent, the MP2639B can
provide a wide boost voltage to IN by adjusting
the feedback voltage at FB. When working with
the PD controller, the MP2639B can support a
USB PD standard output voltage level.
To guarantee safe operation, the MP2639B
limits the die temperature to a preset value of
120ºC. Other safety features include input overvoltage
protection,
battery
over-voltage
protection,
thermal
shutdown,
battery
temperature monitoring, and a programmable
timer to prevent prolonged charging of a dead
battery.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
4.5V to 16V Input Voltage Range
Integrated Both Input-Current-Based and
Input-Voltage-Based Power Management
Functions
Up to 5A Programmable Charge Current
4.35V Charge Voltage with 0.5% Accuracy
Up to 3A Programmable Boost Output
Current
Up to 16V Programmable Boost Output
Voltage
Negative Temperature Coefficient Pin for
Temperature Monitoring
Programmable Timer Back-Up Protection
Discharge Mode Load Trace Compensation
Thermal Regulation and Thermal Shutdown
Internal Battery Reverse Leakage Blocking
Integrated Short-Circuit Protection for Boost
Mode
4 LEDs Battery Level and Status Indication
4mmx4mm QFN-26 Package
APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
Power Station Applications
USB PD Power Banks
Mobile Internet Devices
All MPS parts are lead-free, halogen free, and adhere to the RoHS
directive. For MPS green status, please visit MPS website under Quality
Assurance.
“MPS” and “The Future of Analog IC Technology” are Registered
Trademarks of Monolithic Power Systems, Inc.
ADAM (Analog Digital Adaptive Modulation), AAM (….) are Trademarks of
Monolithic Power Systems, Inc.
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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11/14/2019
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1
MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
TYPICAL APPLICATION
Table 1: Operation Mode Table
MODE
Pin
Operation Mode
Active
SW
Topology
High
Discharge Mode(1)
Q2
Step-up
Low
Charge Mode
Q1
Step-down
--------
Note: (1) MODE=high and pushing PB to start the discharge.
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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2
MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part Number*
Package
Top Marking
MP2639BGR
EV2639B-R-00A
QFN-26 (4mmx4mm)
Evaluation Kit
See Below
* For Tape & Reel, add suffix –Z (e.g. MP2639BGR–Z).
TOP MARKING
MPS: MPS prefix
Y: Year code
WW: Week code
M2639B: Part number
LLLLLL: Lot number
PACKAGE REFERENCE
TOP VIEW
QFN-26 (4mmX4mm)
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
PIN FUNCTIONS
Package
Pin #
Name
Description
1
BATT
Battery terminal.
2
LX
Connection node between inductor and the internal block switch.
3
IN
Input power pin.
4
SW
Switching node.
5
PGND
6
BST
Power ground. Connect the exposed pad and PGND to the same ground plane.
Bootstrap. Connect a BST capacitor between BST and SW node.
----------
Push button input. Connect a push button from P B to AGND, internally pulled up
----- -----
7
----------
8
MODE
9
VCC
10
AGND
11
TMR
12
NC
13
LED1
14
LED2
15
LED3
16
LED4
17
18
19
20
FB
VLIM
VNTC
NTC
21
IB
22
OLIM
23
ISET
24
ILIM
25
----------------
ACOK
26
----------------------
PB
by a resistor. When P B is pushed for less than 2.5s, the discharge function is
enabled and latched when MODE is high. If discharging is enabled, pushing the
button for longer than 2.5s can disable the discharge. Otherwise, discharging
remains and LED1-4 are enabled for 5s.
Charge or discharge mode selection. Pull logic LOW to make the MP2639B to
work in charge mode; pull logic HIGH to make it work in discharge mode.
Internal circuit power supply. Bypass to AGND with a 1μF ceramic capacitor.
VCC CANNOT float or carry a load higher than 20mA.
Analog ground.
Oscillator period timer. Connect a timing capacitor between TMR and AGND to
set the oscillator period. Short TMR to AGND to disable the timer function.
Connecting NC to AGND is recommended.
Fuel gauge. LED1 works with LED2, LED3, LED4 to achieve the voltage-based
fuel gauge indication.
Fuel gauge. LED2 works with LED1, LED3, LED4 to achieve the voltage-based
fuel gauge indication.
Fuel gauge. LED3 works with LED1, LED2, LED4 to achieve the voltage-based
fuel gauge indication.
Fuel gauge. LED4 works with LED1, LED2, LED3 to achieve the voltage-based
fuel gauge indication.
Voltage feedback input in discharge mode.
Input voltage limit setting in charge mode.
Pull-up bias voltage of the NTC resistive divider.
Battery temperature sense input.
Current output for the battery current monitor. Using IB for a light-load monitor
in discharge mode is recommended.
Discharge output current limit setting. Connect an external resistor to AGND to
program the system current.
Charge current set. Connect an external resistor to AGND to program the charge
current.
Input current limit set. Connect an external resistor to AGND to program the input
current .
----------------
CHGOK
Valid input supply indicator. an open-drain output. ACOK is pulled LOW when
the input voltage is recognized as a good source. (see details in the description)
Charging completion indicator. Logic LOW indicates charge mode. The pin
becomes an open drain once the charging has completed or is suspended.
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (2)
IN ................................................... -0.3V to +20V
SW..........................-0.3V (-2V for 50ns) to +20V
BATT ............................................ -0.3V to +5.5V
BST to SW………….. ................... -0.3V to +5.5V
All Other Pins to AGND ............... -0.3V to +5.5V
Continuous Power Dissipation...... (TA=+25°C)(3)
................................................................... 2.97W
Junction Temperature ............................... 150°C
Lead Temperature (Solder) ...................... 260°C
Storage Temperature…. ..........-65°C to +150°C
Recommended Operating Conditions (4)
Thermal Resistance (5)
θJA
θJC
QFN-26 (4mmx4mm) .............. 42 ........ 9 .... °C/W
Notes:
2) Exceeding these ratings may damage the device.
3) The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the
maximum junction temperature TJ (MAX), the junction-toambient thermal resistance θJA, and the ambient temperature
TA. The maximum allowable continuous power dissipation at
any ambient temperature is calculated by PD (MAX) = (TJ
(MAX)-TA)/θJA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power
dissipation will cause excessive die temperature, and the
regulator will go into thermal shutdown. Internal thermal
shutdown circuitry protects the device from permanent
damage.
4) The device is not guaranteed to function outside of its
operating conditions.
5) Measured on JESD51-7, 4-layer PCB.
IN to PGND………………………… .... 4V to 16V
BATT to PGND .................................. 3V to 4.5V
Operating Junction Temp. (TJ) .-40°C to +125°C
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VIN = 5V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Input Power Characteristics
Input under-voltage threshold
VIN_UVLO
UVLO threshold hysteresis
Input over-voltage threshold
VIN_OVLO
Input over-voltage threshold
hysteresis
VIN falling
3.8
V
VIN rising
300
mV
VIN rising
19.5
V
VIN falling
640
mV
DC/DC Converter
Input quiescent current
IIN_Q
MODE = Low, charge
termination
2.5
mA
2.5
mA
4.6
V
----------
USB suspend mode current
VCC LDO output
High side N-FET on
resistance
Low side N-FET on
resistance
Reverse blocking N-FET on
resistance
IIN_SUSP
VVCC
4.4
4.5
3.5
V
RON_Q1
TA=25ºC
17
35
mΩ
RON_Q2
TA=25ºC
25
35
mΩ
RON_RB
TA=25ºC
12
15
mΩ
CC mode
6.7
8
A
Pre mode
2.2
4
A
Discharge mode
7.6
9.2
A
FSW
1150
1300
1450
kHz
VBATT_PRE
2.8
3.0
3.2
V
Peak current limit for highside N-FET
IHS_PK
Peak current limit for low-side
N-FET
ILS_PK
Operating frequency
MODE = High, P B is not
enabled.
VIN=5V
MODE=LOW, VIN=0, ,
VBATT=3.5V
Battery Charger
Pre-charge threshold
Pre-charge threshold
hysteresis
Pre-charge current
Constant charge current
220
IPRE
ICC
Termination charge voltage
VBATT_REG
Termination charge current
ITERM
As the percentage of ICC
mV
12.5%
If ICC < 1.7A
240
mA
RISET = 215kΩ
0.94
1.04
1.14
A
RISET = 86.6kΩ
2.28
2.43
2.55
A
RISET = 47.5kΩ
4.1
4.35
4.6
A
4.33
4.35
4.37
V
5
10
17.5
%
As the percentage of ICC
If ICC 7V
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VIN = 5V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Battery shutdown current
Programmable output current
limit
Battery UV threshold
IB voltage output
Symbol
Condition
IBATT_SHDN
MODE=high,
disabled.
IIN_DSCHG
VBATT_UVLO
VIBATT
Min
switching
Typ
Max
Units
20
μA
is
ROLIM = 374kΩ
0.5
0.57
0.65
A
ROLIM = 133kΩ
1.5
1.6
1.7
A
ROLIM = 68.1kΩ
3
3.12
3.3
A
VBATT
falling
discharging
VBATT
rising
discharging start
when
before
IDIS=80mA, RIB = 80kΩ, in
boost mode
65
3
V
2.7
V
80
95
mV
400
mV
1
uA
0.4
V
V
Logic I/O Pin Characteristics
----------------
----------------------
ACOK, CHGOK, pin output
low voltage
----------------
Sinking 1.5mA
----------------------
ACOK, CHGOK, pin leakage
current
MODE input logic low voltage
MODE input high voltage
Timing Characteristics
LED blinking frequency(6)
Pre-charge time
Total charge time
Threshold between long and
short touch
LED auto-off timer delay
Connected to 5V
1.4
tTMR_PRE
tTMR
ICHG = 1A
CTMR=0.1µF, Stay in precharge Mode, ICHG= 1A
CTMR=0.1µF, ICHG= 1A
1
Hz
32.5
Mins
370
Mins
2.5
s
5
s
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VIN = 5V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Voltage Based Fuel Gauge Threshold
Charge Mode
First level of battery voltage
threshold
Hysteresis
Second level of battery
voltage threshold
Hysteresis
Third level of battery voltage
threshold
Hysteresis
Battery voltage rising
Battery voltage rising
Battery voltage rising
3.83
V
306
mV
4.04
V
300
mV
4.25
V
295
mV
4.14
V
298
mV
3.93
V
305
mV
3.73
V
305
mV
3.11
V
305
mV
Discharge Mode
Fourth level of battery voltage
threshold
Hysteresis
Third level of battery voltage
threshold
Hysteresis
Second level of battery
voltage threshold
Hysteresis
First level of battery voltage
threshold
Hysteresis
Battery voltage falling
Battery voltage falling
Battery voltage falling
Battery voltage falling
Notes:
6) Guaranteed by design.
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
VIN = 5V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Constant Current Charge Efficiency
Constant Voltage Charge Efficiency
ICHG=5A with RISET= 42.2kΩ,
IINLIM=3A with RILIMIT= 71.2kΩ
VBATT=4.35V, RILIMIT= 71.2kΩ, RISET= 42.2kΩ
92.0%
0.95
EFFICIENCY
1
EFFICIENCY
96.0%
88.0%
5V CC efficiency
9V CC efficiency
12V CC efficiency
15V CC efficiency
84.0%
80.0%
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
0.9
VIN=5V
VIN=9V
VIN=12V
VIN=15V
0.85
0.8
4.2
1
VBATT (V)
BOOST Efficiency
6
CONSTANT CHARGE
CURRENT (A)
100.0%
95.0%
EFFICIENCY
5
Programmable Charge Current,
Charge Mode
VBATT= 3.7V
90.0%
85.0%
80.0%
VOUT=5V
VOUT=9V
VOUT=12V
VOUT=15V
75.0%
0
0.5
1
1.5
ILOAD (A)
2
2.5
5
4
3
2
1
0
70.0%
0
3
3.5
3
3
2.5
2.5
IOLIMIT (A)
3.5
2
1.5
200
400
RISET (kΩ）
600
Programmable Output Current Limit,
BOOST Mode
Programmable Input Current Limit,
Charge Mode
INPUT CURRENT LIMIT (A)
1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6 3 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6
IBATT (A)
2
1.5
1
1
0.5
0.5
0
0
0
200
400
RILIMIT (kΩ ）
600
0
200
400
ROLIMIT (KΩ)
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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600
10
MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VIN = 5V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
IOLIMIT vs. Temperature
BATT_REG Voltage vs. Temperature
5
BATT_REG VOLTAGE (V)
3
2.5
IOLIMIT (A)
2
1.5
1
0.5
4
3
2
1
0
0
-40
-10
20
50
80
110
-40
140
-10
50
80
110
140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
IINLIMIT vs. Temperature
Shutdown Current vs. Temperature
50
SHUTDOWN CURRENT (μA)
3
2.5
IINLIMIT (A)
20
2
1.5
1
0.5
40
30
20
10
0
0
-40
-10
20
50
80
110
140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-40
-10
20
50
80
110
140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
ICC vs. Temperature
3
2.5
ICC (A)
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-40
-10
20
50
80
110
140
TEMPERATURE (°C)
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VIN = 5V, TA = 25°C, VBATT_REG=4.35V, unless otherwise noted.
Battery Charge Curve
Auto Recharge
VIN=5V, RILIM=71.5kΩ, RISET=42.2kΩ
CH1: VIN
2V/div.
VIN=5V, RILIM=71.5kΩ, RISET=42.2kΩ
CH1: VIN
1V/div.
CH2: VBATT
1V/div.
CH2: VBATT
1V/div.
CH4: IBATT
1A/div.
CH4: IBATT
1A/div.
CH3:
CH3:
CHGOK
2V/div.
CHGOK
2V/div.
4s/div.
4s/div.
Battery Charge Curve
Auto Recharge
VIN=15V, RILIM=71.5kΩ, RISET=42.2kΩ
VIN=15V, RILIM=71.5kΩ, RISET=42.2kΩ
CH1: VIN
5V/div.
CH1: VIN
5V/div.
CH2: VBATT
1V/div.
CH2: VBATT
1V/div.
CH4: IBATT
1A/div.
CH4: IBATT
1A/div.
CH3:
CH3:
CHGOK
2V/div.
CHGOK
2V/div.
4s/div.
4s/div.
TC Charge Steady State
VIN=15V,
VBATT=2.6V,
RISET=42.2kΩ
CH1: VIN
5V/div.
CC Charge Steady State
RILIM=71.5kΩ,
VIN=15V,
VBATT=3.7V,
RISET=42.2kΩ
RILIM=71.5kΩ,
CH1: VIN
5V/div.
CH2: VBATT
1V/div.
CH2: VBATT
1V/div.
CH4: IL
2A/div.
CH4: IL
1A/div.
CH3: VSW
10V/div.
CH3: VSW
5V/div.
1μs/div.
1μs/div.
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VIN = 5V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
Power On, Charge Mode
VIN=15V,
VBATT=3.7V,
RISET=42.2kΩ
Power Off, Charge Mode
RILIM=71.5kΩ,
VIN=15V,
VBATT=3.7V,
RISET=42.2kΩ
RILIM=71.5kΩ,
CH1: VIN
5V/div.
CH2: VBATT
1V/div.
CH2: VBATT
1V/div.
CH1: VIN
5V/div.
CH4: IBATT
2A/div.
CH4: IBATT
2A/div.
CH3: VSW
5V/div.
CH3: VSW
5V/div.
1ms/div.
40ms/div.
Fuel Gauge
Charging
NTC Protection in Charge Mode
VIN=5V, VBATT=4.1V, RILIM=14.7kΩ
Indication
VIN=5V,
VBATT=3.7V,
RISET=71.5kΩ, VBATT offset 3.7V
CH2: VBATT
1V/div.
During
RILIM=71.5kΩ,
CH1: LED1
2V/div.
CH2: LED2
2V/div.
CH1: NTC
1V/div.
CH3: LED3
2V/div.
CH4: IBATT
1A/div.
CH4: LED4
2V/div.
R1: VBATT
100mV/div.
CH3: VSW
5V/div.
4ms/div.
4s/div.
NTC Fault Indication, Charge Mode
VIN=5V,
VBATT=3.7V,
RISET=71.5kΩ
CH1: NTC
1V/div.
Timer Out Fault Indication, Charge
Mode
RILIM=71.5kΩ,
VIN=5V, VBATT=3.7V, CTMR=150pF
CH1: VTMR
1V/div.
CH3:
CH3:
CHGOK
2V/div.
CHGOK
2V/div.
CH4: IBATT
1A/div.
CH4: IBATT
1A/div.
CH2: ACOK
1V/div.
CH2:
ACOK
1V/div.
1s/div.
400ms/div.
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VIN = 5V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
BOOST Mode Steady State
VBATT=3.7V,
ILOAD=3A
VOUT=5V,
BOOST Mode Steady State
ROLIMIT=71.5kΩ,
VBATT=3.7V,
ILOAD=1A
VOUT=15V,
ROLIMIT=71.5kΩ,
CH1: VBATT
1V/div.
CH1: VBATT
1V/div.
CH2: VOUT
2V/div.
CH2: VPB
5V/div.
CH4: IL
2A/div.
CH4: IL
2A/div.
CH3: VSW
2V/div.
CH3: VSYS
10V/div.
1µs/div.
1µs/div.
--------
--------
Power On by PB Pin, BOOST Mode
Power On by PB Pin, BOOST Mode
VBATT=3.7V,
ILOAD=3A
VBATT=3.7V,
ILOAD=1A
VOUT=5V,
ROLIMIT=71.5kΩ,
CH1: VPB
2V/div.
CH2: VOUT
2V/div.
VOUT=15V,
ROLIMIT=71.5kΩ,
CH1: VPB
2V/div.
CH2: VOUT
5V/div.
CH4: IL
2A/div.
CH4: IL
2A/div.
CH3: VSW
5V/div.
CH3: VSW
10V/div.
100ms/div.
100ms/div.
--------
--------
Power Off by PB Pin, BOOST Mode
Power Off by PB Pin, BOOST Mode
VBATT=3.7V,
ILOAD=3A
VBATT=3.7V,
ILOAD=1A
VOUT=5V,
ROLIMIT=71.5kΩ,
VOUT=15V,
ROLIMIT=71.5kΩ,
CH1: VPB
2V/div.
CH2: VOUT
5V/div.
CH1: VPB
2V/div.
CH2: VOUT
2V/div.
CH4: IL
2A/div.
CH4: IL
2A/div.
CH3: VSW
5V/div.
CH3: VSW
10V/div.
1s/div.
1s/div.
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
www.MonolithicPower.com
11/14/2019
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14
MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VIN = 5V, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.
SYS Short-Circuit Entry
VBATT=3.7V,
ILOAD=3A
VOUT=5V,
SYS Short-Circuit Recovery
ROLIMIT=71.5kΩ,
CH1: VBATT
2V/div.
CH2: VOUT
2V/div.
VBATT=3.7V, VOUT=5V, ROLIMIT=71.5kΩ, ILOAD=3A
CH1: VBATT
2V/div.
CH4: IL
2A/div.
CH2: VOUT
2V/div.
CH4: IL
2A/div.
CH3: VSW
5V/div.
CH3: VSW
5V/div.
2ms/div.
2ms/div.
Load Transient
LED Indication, BOOST Mode
VBATT=4V,
VOUT=5V,
VOUT
offset
5V,
ILOAD=0.2A-2.5A, transient rate=1600mA/μs
VBATT ramping down, VOUT=5V, ILOAD=0A,VBATT
offset 3V
R1: VBATT
200mV/div.
CH1: VBATT
1V/div.
CH2: VOUT
1V/div.
CH4: LED4
2V/div.
CH2: LED2
2V/div.
CH4: ILOAD
1A/div.
CH3: LED3
2V/div.
CH1: LED1
2V/div.
CH3: VSW
5V/div.
2ms/div.
4s/div.
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
www.MonolithicPower.com
11/14/2019
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© 2019 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
15
MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
BLOCK DIAGRAM
BST
5V-16V Input
IN
LX
SW
QRB
Q1
A1
Q2
Charge
Pump
iHS
LDO
PGND
A2
VCC
BATT
IN
BATT
iLS
VNTC
VCC
PB
Mode
Mode Selection
Logic
Low
Mode
Control
VCOLD
PWM Controller
VCOOL
MODE
Thermal
Shutdown
VHOT
NTCFT
TJ_fb
IB
AGND
TimerFT
EA1
TJ_ref
FB
NTC
VWARM
TMR
VBATT_fb
Control Logic
EA2
OLIM
ISET
Charge
Parameter
Setting
&
Feedback
ACOK
VBATT_ref
IQRB_fb
CHGOK
EA3
VBATT_fb
IISET_ref
DQ1*IQRB_fb
LED1
EA4
IN
ILIM
IILIM_ref
VIN_fb
VLIM
Vref (1.2V)
EA5
Fuel Gauge
&
Indication
LED2
LED3
LED4
Figure 1: Block Diagram for Charge Mode
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
www.MonolithicPower.com
11/14/2019
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© 2019 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
16
MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
BLOCK DIAGRAM (continued)
BST
5V-16V Output
IN
LX
SW
QRB
Q1
A1
Q2
Charge
Pump
iHS
LDO
PGND
A2
VCC
BATT
IN
BATT
iLS
VNTC
VCC
PB
Mode
Mode Selection
Logic
HIgh
Mode
Control
VCOLD
VCOOL
PWM Controller
MODE
Thermal
Shutdown
VWARM
VHOT
NTCFT
TJ_fb
IB
FB
OLIM
ISET
Charge
Parameter
Setting
&
Feedback
AGND
TimerFT
EA1
TJ_ref
VIN_fb
NTC
TMR
Control Logic
EA2
ACOK
Vref (1.2V)
-DQ1xIQRB_fb
CHGOK
EA3
IOLIM_ref
VBATT_fb
LED1
ILIM
VLIM
Fuel Gauge
&
Indication
LED2
LED3
LED4
Figure 2: Block Diagram for Discharge Mode
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
www.MonolithicPower.com
11/14/2019
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17
MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
OPERATION
Introduction
The MP2639B is a highly integrated switch-mode
battery charger with a sophisticated control
strategy to charge 1- cell Lithium-ion or Lithiumpolymer batteries from a wide input voltage range.
Also, the MP2639B can be discharged to the
input by boosting up the battery voltage from 5V
to 16V.
MODE Control
When mode is low, the MP2639B operates in
charging mode to charge a 1- cell battery from
5V to 16V, while operating in step-down mode;
Q1 operates as the active switch; Q2 operates as
the synchronous switch.
When mode is high, the MP2639B is configured
to discharge mode. Once the push-button block
determines the discharge is enabled, the
MP2639B operates in reverse to get a 5V to 16V
output from a 1- cell battery via step-up mode.
Table 1 on page 2 shows the control logic of
operation mode.
Internal Power Supply
The VCC output is used to power the internal
circuit and the MOSFET driver. VCC is supplied
by the higher terminal voltage between VBATT and
VIN. Connect an external capacitor from VCC to
AGND. The VCC output is not able to carry an
external load.
CHARGE MODE
Input Power Start-up
Once the VCC voltage exceeds the UVLO
threshold, the MP2639B qualifies both the BATT
and IN voltage according to the MODE status.
In charging mode, once VOVLO> VIN > VUVLO, VIN >
VBATT+400mV and no fault occurs, the MP2639B
is ready for charging.
The MP2639B provides three main charging
phases: pre-charge, constant-current charge,
and constant-voltage charge (see Figure 3).
Figure 3 Charging Profile
Phase 1 (Pre-Charge)
When the battery voltage is lower than VBATT_PRE,
the MP2639B applies a safe pre-charge current
(IPRE) to the depleted battery until the battery
voltage reaches the pre-charge to fast charge
threshold (VBATT_PRE). If VBATT_PRE is not reached
before the pre-charge timer expires (1hr), the
charge cycle is ceased and a corresponding
timeout fault signal is asserted.
Phase 2 (Constant-Current Charge)
When the battery voltage exceeds VBATT_PRE, the
MP2639B stops the pre-charge phase and enters
constant-current charge (fast charge) phase with
soft start. The fast charge current can be
programmed by ISET.
Phase 3 (Constant-Voltage Charge)
When the battery voltage rises to the
programmable charge termination voltage
VBATT_REG, the charge current begins to taper off.
The charge cycle is considered complete when
the CV loop is dominated and the charge current
reaches the battery full termination threshold.
Also, a 500μs force charge time is designed for
each charge cycle; after the 500μs force charge
time expires, the charge full signal is asserted.
If ITERM is not reached before the safety charge
timer expires (see Safety Timer section), the
charge cycle is ceased and the corresponding
timeout fault signal is asserted.
A new charge cycle starts when the following
conditions are valid:
The input power is re-plugged.
The MODE pin is toggled from HIGH to
LOW.
The auto-recharge signal is launched
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
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11/14/2019
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18
MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
In pre-charge mode, the pre-charge time tTMR_PRE
is set using equation (2):
No thermistor fault at NTC pin.
No safety timer fault
No battery over-voltage fault
Automatic Recharge
When the battery is fully charged and the
charging is terminated, the battery may be
discharged for the system consumption or selfdischarge. The MP2639B automatically starts a
new charging cycle without the requirement of
manually re-starting a charging cycle.
Charge Current Setting
ISET is used to program the fast constant-charge
current. See equation (1) for the charge current
setting formula:
ICC =
640k
3 × RISET (k)
(1)
Battery Over-Voltage Protection
The MP2639B is designed with a built-in battery
over-voltage limit of 4.59V, typically. When the
battery over-voltage event occurs, the MP2639B
suspends the charging immediately.
Safety Timer
The MP2639B uses an internal timer to terminate
the charging. The timer remains active during the
charging process. An external capacitor between
TMR and AGND programs the charge cycle
duration. There is an internal current source
which charges and discharges the external
capacitor alternatively. When the voltage across
the CTMR is lower than 0.7V, the internal current
source charges the CTMR. Once the voltage
exceeds 1.5V, the internal current source begins
to discharge the CTMR. As a result the voltage
across the CTMR oscillates periodically between
0.7V and 1.5V like a triangle wave (see Figure 4).
Figure 4: Voltage Profile at TMR Pin
There are two counter limits for the pre-charge
and total charge process: 45056 for pre-charge
and 3407872 for CC and CV charge. Once the
counter reaches the corresponding limit, the
timer expires, and the charging is suspended.
t TMR _ PRE = 33.7 min s ×
C TMR
0.1uF
(2)
In CC and CV mode, the internal IOSC is
proportional to the reference of the charge
current set by ISET, and it is independent of the
real charge current or input current. The total
charge time tTMR is set using equation (3):
t TMR = 6.05hours ×
C TMR
1A
×
0.1uF ICHG + 0.08
(3)
In the event of a NTC hot and cold fault, the
charging timer is suspended. Once the NTC fault
is removed, the timer continues to count from the
value before the NTC fault.
NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient)
Thermistor
“Thermistor” is the generic name given to
thermally sensitive resistors. A negative
temperature coefficient thermistor is called a
thermistor, generally. Depending on the
manufacturing method and the structure, there
are many shapes and characteristics available
for various applications. The thermistor
resistance values, unless otherwise specified,
are classified at a standard temperature of 25ºC.
The resistance of a temperature is solely a
function of its absolute temperature.
Refer to the thermistor datasheet. The
mathematic expression which relates the
resistance and the absolute temperature of a
thermistor is shown in equation (4):
β⋅(
1 1
− )
T1 T2
(4)
R t1 = R t 2 × e
Where: Rt1 is the resistance at absolute
temperature (t1), Rt2 is the resistance at absolute
temperature (t2) and β is a constant, which
depends on the material of the thermistor.
The MP2639B monitors the battery’s temperature
continuously by measuring the voltage at NTC
during charge mode. This voltage is determined
by the resistive divider whose ratio is produced
by the different resistances of the NTC thermistor
under different ambient temperatures of the
battery.
MP2639B Rev. 1.01
www.MonolithicPower.com
11/14/2019
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© 2019 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
19
MP2639B – SWITCH MODE BATTERY CHARGER W/ BIDIRECTIONAL OPERATION
Figure 5: JEITA Compatible NTC Window
The MP2639B internally sets a pre-determined
upper and lower range. If the voltage at NTC
goes out of this range, it means the temperature
is outside the safe operating limit. At this time,
the charging stops unless the operating
temperature returns to a safe range.
To satisfy the JEITA requirement, the MP2639B
monitors four temperature thresholds (see Figure
5): cold battery threshold T1, cool battery
threshold T2, warm battery threshold T3, and hot
battery threshold T4. For a given NTC thermistor,
these temperatures correspond to VCOLD, VCOOL,
VWARM, and VHOT. When VNTCVCOLD,
the charging is suspended and the timers are
suspended. When VHOT
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