MP2935
4-Phase PWM
Controller for VR12.5 Applications
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
MP2935 is a high-efficiency, 4-phase,
synchronous, buck-switching PWM controller
with an SVID interface for high-performance
Intel processors. The multi-phase PWM output
signals can be configured for up to 4-phase
operation with interleaved switching.
MP2935 adopts three-logic-level PWM outputs
for enhanced noise immunity and flexible fault
management. Depending on the power states
set by SVID command, the multi-phase channel
can switch between multiphase and singlephase operation. In addition, MP2935 supports
programmable load-line resistance. As a result,
the output voltage is always optimally
positioned for a load transient.
The chip also provides accurate and reliable
short-circuit protection with adjustable current
limit threshold and a delayed VR_RDY output
that is masked during on-the-fly output voltage
changes to eliminate false triggering. MP2935
performance is specified over the junction
temperature range of -10°C to 125°C. The chip
is available in 40-lead QFN package.
VR12.5 compliant
Multi-Phase Operation at up to 2MHz per
Phase
Tri-State PWM Outputs for Driving MPS
Intelli-PhaseTM Devices
Power-Saving Modes Maximize Efficiency
During Light Load and Deeper-Sleep
Operation
Active Current Balancing between Output
Phases
Independent Current Limit and Load Line
Setting Inputs for Additional Design
Flexibility
8-bit Digitally Programmable 0V to 3.04V
Output through Serial VID Interface
Overload and Short-Circuit Protection with
Latch-Off Delay
Output Current Monitor
Fault Latch Output
Regulator Temperature Monitor
Available in a 6mmx6mm 40-lead QFN
package
APPLICATIONS
Power supplies for next-generation Intel®
processors
All MPS parts are lead-free, halogen free, and adhere to the RoHS
directive. For MPS green status, please visit MPS website under Quality
Assurance.
“MPS” and “The Future of Analog IC Technology” are Registered
Trademarks of Monolithic Power Systems, Inc.
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
1
SDIO
EN
FAULT#
RICCMAX
EN
ICC
MAX
FAULT#
VRHOT#
ADDR
IMON
ALERT#
SDIO
VRHOT#
RADDR
VRRDY
RIMON
VRRDY
ALERT#
SCLK
OTPG
COMP
RFS
FSET
RBOOT
RTMAX
MP2935
4-Phase VR12.5
PWM Controller
VBOOT
FB
SCLK
TMAX
IDROOP
CPU
VIDFF
VDD
RSLOPE
VOSEN
GND (PAD)
SLOPE
CCM
VCC
RAAM
VOUT
VTT
5V
IREF
AAM
GNDSEN
PGND
VIN
VCM
CS4
CS3
CS2
CS1
PWM1
PWM2
PWM3
PWM4
AAMB
VCLAMP
TEMP
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
OCPSET
AGND
SYNC
TEMP
CS
PWM
EN
MOSFE
T
Driver
with
I-Sense
&
T-Sense
VDD
VIN
AGND
SYNC
TEMP
CS
MOSFE
T
Driver
with
I-Sense
&
T-Sense
VDD
PWM
EN
VIN
AGND
SYNC
TEMP
CS
MOSFE
T
Driver
with
I-Sense
&
T-Sense
VDD
PWM
EN
VIN
AGND
SYNC
TEMP
CS
PWM
EN
MOSFE
T
Driver
with
I-Sense
&
T-Sense
VDD
VIN
IntelliPhase
5V
IntelliPhase
5V
IntelliPhase
5V
IntelliPhase
5V
PGND
SW
BST
PGND
SW
BST
PGND
SW
BST
PGND
SW
BST
VIN
VIN
VIN
VIN
PGND
VOUT
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
2
OTPD
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part Number*
MP2935DQK
MP2935ADQK
Package
6x6mm QFN40
6x6mm QFN40
Top Marking
Junction Temperature (TJ)
MP2935
MP2935A
-40°C to +125°C
-40°C to +125°C
* For Tape & Reel, add suffix –Z (e.g. MP2935DQK–Z).
For RoHS compliant packaging, add suffix –LF (e.g. MP2935DQK–LF–Z)
PACKAGE REFERENCE
TOP VIEW
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1)
Recommended Operating Conditions (3)
VCC .............................................. 0.3V to +6.5V
VDD..................................................................... –0.3V to +4.0V
GNDSEN .................................... –0.3V to +0.3V
SLOPE ........................................ –0.3V to +26V
All Other Pins .................... –0.3V to (VCC+0.3V)
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +25°C) (2)
................................................................... 3.9W
Junction Temperature ...............................150°C
Lead Temperature ...................................260°C
Storage Temperature .............. –65°C to +150°C
VCC ........................................................................... 4.5V to 5.5V
Operating Junction Temp. ....... –40°C to +125°C
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
Thermal Resistance (4)
θJA
θJC
6x6 QFN40 ............................ 32 ....... 8
°C/W
Notes:
1) Exceeding these ratings may damage the device.
2) The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the
maximum junction temperature TJ(MAX), the junction-toambient thermal resistance θJA, and the ambient temperature
TA. The maximum allowable continuous power dissipation at
any ambient temperature is calculated by PD(MAX) =
(TJ(MAX)-TA)/θJA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power
dissipation will cause excessive die temperature.
3) The device is not guaranteed to function outside of its
operating conditions.
4) Measured on JESD51-7, 4-layer PCB.
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
3
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VCC = 5 V, GNDSEN = GND, EN = VCC, VID = 0.50 V to 3.04 V, Current going into pin is positive.
TA = -10°C to +100°C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
VOLTAGE ERROR AMPLIFIER
Error Amplifier Output
VCOMP
Voltage Range(5)
DC output Accuracy
VOUT
ΔVFB
Line Regulation
tA = 25°C. No load, closed-loop, measured
at VOSEN pin to GNDSEN pin. Active
mode range. VID=1.50V to 3.04V
No load, closed-loop, measured at VOSEN
pin to GNDSEN pin. Active mode range.
VID=1.50V to 3.04V
tA = 25°C. No load, closed-loop, measured
at VOSEN pin to GNDSEN pin. Active
mode range. VID=1.00V to 1.50V
No load, closed-loop, measured at VOSEN
pin to GNDSEN pin. Active mode range.
VID=1.00V to 1.50V
tA = 25°C. No load, closed-loop, measured
at VOSEN pin to GNDSEN pin. Active
mode range. VID=0.500V to 1.000V
No load, closed-loop, measured at VOSEN
pin to GNDSEN pin. Active mode range.
VID=0.500V to 1.000V
Max
Units
0.75
4.6
V
-0.5
+0.5
%
-1
+1
%
-8
+8
mV
-15
+15
mV
-10
+10
mV
-15
+15
mV
VCC = 4.75 V to 5.25 V
Typ
0.3
−1
IFB
Input Bias Current
Min
%
+1
μA
Output Source Current
ICOMP
FB forced to (VVID − 3%), no droop
-3
mA
Output Sink Current
ICOMP
FB forced to (VVID + 3%), no droop
+3
mA
80
dB
COMP = FB
20
MHz
CCOMP = 10 pF
25
V/μs
20
MHz
Open Loop Gain
(5)
Unity Gain Bandwidth
Slew Rate
(5)
GBW(ERR)
(5)
REMOTE SENSE AMPLIFIER
Bandwidth(5)
GBW(RSA)
IGNDSEN
GNDSEN Current
GNDSEN=0.3V
10
400
μA
VOSEN Current
IVOSEN
VOSEN=1V
15
50
μA
OSCILLATOR
FSET Voltage
VFSET
RFSET = 64.9kΩ to GND
0.9
1.0
1.1
V
540
600
660
kHz
800
+1
μA
μA
Frequency Setting
fSW
SLOPE Input Current
Range (5)
ISLP
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
tA = 25°C, RFSET = 64.9kΩ, 4-phase
configuration
In normal mode
In shutdown, or in UVLO, SLOPE = 12 V
0
−1
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
4
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, GNDSEN = GND, EN = VCC, VID = 0.50 V to 3.04 V, Current going into pin is positive.
TA = -10°C to +100°C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
CURRENT-SENSE AND OVERCURRENT PROTRECTION
ROCPSET=80.6kΩ, sink current
Current Limit Level
IVCM_OC
from VCM pin
IVCM= -400µA
Droop Current
IDRP
IVCM= +400µA
CURRENT BALANCE AMPLIFIER
VCS_CM
Common Mode Range(5)
Input Current
(5)
ICS
tOFFMSKD
Masked Off-Time
SYSTEM INTERFACE CONTROL INPUTS
EN
EN Low Threshold Voltage
EN High Threshold Voltage
EN High Threshold Hysteresis
Voltage
Enable High Leakage
Min
-24
24
T3
-25
25
1.0
Measured from PWM turn-off
-26
26
μA
μA
3.5
V
1
μA
ns
0.4
0.8
100
EN=1.1V
VCC≥UVLO, Vboot is not 0V,
EN high to Vout ramping (see
Figure 13)
2
Units
mA
350
VIH(EN)
Enable Delay
Max
1.27
CSx=4V
VIL(EN)
VIH(EN)
IIH(EN)
Typ
V
V
mV
2
µA
5
ms
THERMAL THROTTLING CONTROL
VTEMP ADC
VRHOT# Low Output
Impedance
VRHOT# High Leakage Current
IMON OUTPUT
IMON Current
IMON Clamp Voltage
IMON ADC
IMON ADC
VRRDY COMPARATOR
Register 17h=64h (100°C)
IVRHOT# = 20mA, TA=25oC
8
-1
IMON
VIMONMAX
Under-Voltage Threshold
VDIFF
(UV)
Over Voltage Threshold
VDIFF
(OV)
Output Low Voltage
Output High Leakage
VVRRDY (L)
IVRRDY
Reverse Voltage Detection
Threshold(5)
VOSEN (RV)
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
0.9
IVCM= +400µA
IMON = Float, IVCM = 400μA
Register 15h=C8h
Register 15h=64h
Relative to nominal DAC
voltage
Relative to nominal DAC
voltage
Absolute voltage
IVRRDY(SINK) = 4mA
VVRRDY = 3.3V
Relative to GNDSEN, VDIFF
falling
Relative to GNDSEN, VDIFF
rising
24
25
1.3
1
0.5
V
10
Ω
1
µA
26
μA
V
V
V
−300
mV
400
mV
3.30
60
250
1
V
mV
μA
−300
mV
−100
mV
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
5
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, GNDSEN = GND, EN = VCC, VID = 0.50 V to 3.04 V, Current going into pin is positive.
TA = -10°C to +100°C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
CCM OUTPUT
Output Low Voltage
Output High Voltage
PWM OUTPUTS
Output Low Voltage
Output High Voltage(5)
Symbol
VOL
VOH
VOL
(PWM)
VOH
(PWM)
PWM Tri-State Leakage
SUPPLY
VCC UVLO Threshold
Voltage
UVLO Hysteresis
Supply Current
VCCUVLO
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
ISINK = 400µA
ISOURCE = 400µA
10
5
200
4.8
mV
V
10
200
mV
IPWM(SINK) = 400µA
IPWM(SOURCE) = 400µA
4.8
PWM = 2.5V
-1
VCC is rising
4.1
V
1
µA
4.45
V
200
IVCC
EN=high. Both SVID bus and
internal ID bus are idle. No load
condition. 4-phase configuration.
PWMs not switching.
EN = 0V
VDD REGULATOR
VDD Regulator Output
VDD
Voltage
SVID Interface (SCLK, SDIO, ALERT#)(5)
Leakage current
IL
Pull-up voltage: 0V to 1.1V
Pin Capacitance(5)
CPIN
Buffer ON Resistance(5)
RON
VR Clock to Data Delay(5)
Setup Time(5)
Hold Time(5)
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
5
mV
8
16
mA
50
250
μA
3.2
-10
4
4
8
7
14
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
V
10
5
13
8.3
μA
pF
Ω
ns
ns
ns
6
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VCC = 5 V, GNDSEN = GND, EN = VCC, VID = 0.50 V to 3.04 V, Current going into pin is positive.
TA = -10°C to +100°C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter
ADC
Voltage Range
ADC Resolution
ADC Sampling Rate(5)
DNL(5)
Conversion Time(5)
DAC Slew rate (MP2935)
Soft-Start Slew Rate
SetVID_Slow Slew Rate
SetVID_Fast Slew Rate
DAC Slew rate (MP2935A)
Soft-Start Slew Rate
SetVID_Slow Slew Rate
SetVID_Fast Slew Rate
DAC
DAC resolution
LSB
DNL
INL
Tolerance
1/2/3/4 Phase Detection
PWM Sink Current
PWM Detection Threshold
Voltage
Phase Detect Timer(5)
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Reads FF.
Typ
Max
1.28
5
3000
30
V
mV
Hz
LSB
µs
2.5
2.5
10
mV/µs
mV/µs
mV/µs
5
5
20
mV/µs
mV/µs
mV/µs
8
10
±1
±1
Bits
mV
LSB
LSB
mV
1
-1
1
100
2
Units
2.5
50
µA
3.2
V
µs
Notes:
5) Guaranteed by design or characterization data, not tested in production.
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
7
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
PIN DEFINITION
Pin #
1
2
3
4
5
6
Name
OTPD
OTPG
SDIO
ALERT#
SCLK
VRRDY
I/O
I
I
I/O
O
I
O
7
VRHOT#
O
8
9
ADDR
TEMP
I
I/O
10
IMON
O
11
AAM
I
12
FSET
I
13
14
15
16
17
VBOOT
FAULT#
PWM4
PWM3
PWM2
I/O
O
O
O
O
18
PWM1
O
19
CCM
O
20
TMAX
I
21
22
23
24
25
26
CS4
CS3
CS2
CS1
VCM
ICCMAX
I
I
I
I
O
I
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
Description
Factory OTP programming only. Connect to VCC for normal operation.
Factory OTP programming only. Connect to GND for normal operation.
Data Signal between CPU and Serial VID Controller.
Alert Signal from VID Controller to CPU.
Source Synchronous Clock from CPU.
VR Ready Output. Open drain output signal.
Voltage Regulator Thermal Throttling Logic Output. Actively pulls low if
temperature at the monitoring point connected to TEMP exceeds the
programmed VRHOT# temperature threshold.
SVID Address setting pin. Refer to Table 6 for address assignment.
Analog Temperature Signal Input.
Analog Total Load Current Signal. Sources a current proportional to the
sensed total load current. Connect a resistor from IMON to GND to
program the gain.
Advanced Asynchronous Mode (AAM) Timing Control Input. A resistor
between this pin to ground sets the AAM mode turn-on threshold voltage.
Multiphase Frequency-Setting Input. A resistor connected between FSET
and GND sets the oscillator frequency. The phase switching frequency will
be divided by number of the operating phase.
VBOOT Voltage Set. Refer to Table 3 for VBOOT voltage assignment.
VR Fault#. Asserts low to notify the platform of a VR fault condition.
Tri-State Logic-Level PWM Outputs. Connecting the PWM2 and/or PWM3
and/or PWM4 outputs to VCC turns off that phase, allowing MP2935 to
change the number of operating phases. The operating phase number is
decided when the part is enable. The number of operating phase cannot be
changed on-the-fly.
Forced CCM Operation Enable. CCM stays high in Power States 00 and
01. Actively pulls low when in Power States 02 and 03 to enable DCM
operation of the power stage. Connect it to the SYNC pin of IntelliPhasesTM.
Max. Temp. Set. Connect a resistor from TMAX to GND to set the
maximum temperature.
Current Balance Inputs. Measures the current level in each phase. Float
CS pins of unused phases.
Buffered 2.5V reference.
ICCMAX setting. Set the pin voltage to program the desired ICCMAX level.
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
8
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
PIN DEFINITION (continued)
Pin #
Name
I/O
27
SLOPE
I
28
29
30
31
32
OCPSET
AAMB
VCLAMP
COMP
FB
I
I
I
I/O
I
33
IDROOP
O
34
VDIFF
O
35
VOSEN
I
36
37
38
39
GNDSEN
IREF
EN
VCC
I
I
I
I
40
VDD
O
PAD
GND
I/O
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
Description
PWM Slope Current Input. Connect a 100KΩ resistor from VIN (system’s
12V input voltage) to this pin to set the internal slope for PWM comparator.
Total Current Limit Setting.
Combine with AAM pin, this pin sets the AAM mode threshold voltage.
Connect a resistor to ground to set the per phase current limit.
Error Amplifier Output.
Inverting Input of Error Amplifier.
Droop Current Output. Sources current that is proportional to the sensed
output current.
Differential Amplifier Output.
Remote Core Voltage Sense Input. Connect to VCCSENSE at
microprocessor die.
Remote Voltage Sensing Return. Connect to ground at microprocessor die.
Internal Bias Current Set. Connect an 80.6kΩ resistor from IREF to GND.
Chip Enable.
5V supply voltage for the controller. Need a 1μF capacitor for decoupling.
3.3V LDO output for internal digital circuit only. Need a 1μF capacitor for
decoupling. Do not connect to any other load.
Ground.
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
9
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Performance waveforms are tested on the evaluation board of the Design Example section.
VIN = 12V, VCC = 5V, VOUT = 1.85V, IOUT = 0A, 600kHz, unless otherwise noted.
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
10
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
11
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
OPERATION
MP2935 is a 4-phase VR12.5-compliant
controller for Intel microprocessors. It is a
multiphase controller for up to 4-phase operation
and is capable for multi-mode PWM/advanced
asynchronous mode (AAM) operation to
maximize the efficiency over the load range. It
includes blocks for a precision DAC, remote
voltage-sense amplifiers, an error amplifier, a
ramp generator with input voltage feed-forward, a
PWM comparator, AAM control, load-line set, a
VR-ready (VRRDY) monitor, a temperature
monitor and serial VID (SVID) registers. It also
includes dynamic-phase current balancing and
phase shedding. Protection features include
under-voltage lockout (UVLO), over-current
protection (OCP), over-voltage protection (OVP),
under-voltage protection (UVP) and reverse
voltage protection (RVP).
PWM Operation
MP2935 uses constant-switching–frequency
current mode control and trailing-edge PWM
operation with injected valley current signals. The
PWM ramp of each phase combines with the
sensed valley current to determine phase-current
balance. Figure 1 shows the operation principles.
The phase clock turns the PWM on. When the
combined ramp voltage hits VCOMP voltage the
PWM turns off. The phase shift is applied
between operating phases to minimize the input
and output current ripple.
In general, the controller needs to wait for the
next clock during a load step transient to turn on
the PWM to support the load current. The waiting
time causes the extra output voltage to drop. To
maximize the current support to reduce the
output voltage drop during the transient load,
MP2935 employs FAST-PWMTM mode to
respond immediately. During the load-step
transient, the output voltage drop causes VCOMP
to rise. When VCOMP rise fast enough to trigger
the FAST-PWM threshold, the controller
overrides the phase clock and turns on all PWMs
without phase shifts. The PWM OFF of each
phase is the same as for normal operation when
the combined ramp hits VCOMP voltage. This
FAST-PWM mode maximizes the regulator’s di/dt
slew rate to support the output load transient step
and minimize the VOUT drop.
When the power state is not PS0, the chip
operates in single phase with AAM mode to
maximize the efficiency in light load condition. A
detailed description of AAM mode operation is
described in “AAM Control Operation and Diode
Emulation.”
Figure 1: Block Diagram of PWM Operation
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
12
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
PWM Operation and Power States
The user can select the total number of operating
phases for MP2935, as described in “Switching
Frequency and the Number of Operating
Phases.” Based on the power states, the actual
operating phase dynamically switches between
full phases or single phase to optimize the power
conversion efficiency at heavy and light CPU
loads.
•
In PS0, MP2935 runs in full-phase PWM mode.
While in light-load mode, PS1 to PS3, only Phase
1 is in operation to maximize power conversion
efficiency. During the dynamic VID transition
issued by SVID commands of either SetVID_Fast
or SetVID_Slow, the power state changes to PS0
by default and runs in full-phase PWM mode.
Table 1: Phase Number and Operation Modes
In addition to changing the number of phases,
the operation mode can change dynamically. In
PS0 mode, MP2935 runs in multiphase PWM
mode with switching frequency controlled by the
master clock. In other power states, MP2935
switches to AAM mode where the switching
frequency is no longer controlled by the master
clock, but by the ripple voltage on the COMP pin.
Thus, the switch frequency varies with the load
current, resulting in maximum power conversion
efficiency in low power states.
AAM Control Operation and Diode Emulation
With the exception of PS0, all other power states
enable AAM mode and run in single phase
operation. Figure 2 shows typical AAM mode
operation where switching frequency is no longer
controlled by the master clock, but by the ripple
voltage on the COMP pin.
In PS2 and PS3, diode emulation mode is
enabled to maximize the efficiency at light load
condition.
The VR will switch back to AAM mode if the over
current alarm is clear before latch-off.
Table 1 summarizes the dynamically changes to
phase number and operation modes based on
the power state register set through SVID
commands.
The power states are listed in order of power
savings:
• PS0 represents full power or Active mode
• PS1 is used in Active Mode or Idle Mode and
represents a low current state, similar to PSI#
definition in VR11.1 or IMVP6.5; it typically
has a load < 20A. MP2935 runs in single
phase (PWM1 only) AAM/continuous current
modulation (CCM) mode.
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
•
PS2 is used in Sleep Mode and it represents
a lower current state than PS1; it typically has
a load < 5A. MP2935 runs in single phase
(PWM1 only) AAM with diode emulation
enabled.
PS3 (Mode[1,0]= “11”) is ultra-low current
mode, lower than PS2; it typically has a load
< 1A. MP2935 runs in single phase (PWM1
only) AAM with diode emulation enabled.
Power
State
0
1
2
3
Operating
Phases
Full phases
1
1
1
CCM
PWM/AAM
1
1
0
0
PWM
AAM
AAM
AAM
PWM1 is set high when VCOMP reaches the AAM
threshold voltage which is set by two resistors,
from AAM pin to GND and from AAMB pin to
GND.
AAM Threshold Voltage
15400 VOUT
IMON R AAMB VCOMMON
R AAM
R AAMB
RAAM
16 RCS
N
15400 VOUT
VAAM _ Fraction
VAAM_Fraction
VOUT
0.5 IL _ PK PK RCS 10 106
FSW 3.424 106
VCOMMON is about 1V. VAAM_Fraction is part of the
AAM threshold voltage. N is the number of
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
13
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
active phase during PS0. IL_PK-PK is the peak to
peak inductor current.
IL_PK-PK
VOUT (VIN VOUT )
VIN L FSW
Whenever PWM is high, VRAMP ramps up from 1V
with a slew rate programmed by the current
flowing into the SLOPE pin. When VRAMP reaches
VCOMP, PWM resets to low.
The CCM pin is tied to the SYNC pin of the
Intelli-PhaseTM. When the CCM pin is low, it
enables diode emulation mode. In diode
AAM Threshold
Voltage
emulation mode the low side MOSFET turns OFF
once the inductor current reverses to keep the
inductor current at 0A until the next PWM ON
pulse.
In both PS0 and PS1, the CCM pin is high so the
controller operates in CCM mode, which allows
for negative inductor current.
In PS2 and PS3, the CCM pin is low to enable
diode emulation mode on the Intelli-PhaseTM,
allowing Diode Emulation mode operation.
+
S
+
R
PWM1
Q
VCOMP
RAMP
AAM
Threshold
Voltage
VCOMP
VRAMP
1V
PWM1
Figure 2: Block Diagram of AAM Operation and Typical Waveforms
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
14
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
Switching Frequency and the Number of
Operating Phases
In normal operation in the PS0 power state, an
external resistor connected from the FSET pin to
ground determines the clock frequency. To
determine the switching frequency per phase,
divide the clock by N, the number of phases, in
use. If phase 4 is disabled by pulling up PWM4 to
VCC, then divide the master clock by 3 for the
frequency of the remaining phases. If both
PWM3 and PWM4 are pulled up to VCC, then
divide the master clock by 2 for the frequency of
the remaining phases. If PWM2, PWM3 and
PWM4 are pulled up to VCC, then the switching
frequency of phase 1 equals the master clock
frequency. If all phases are in use, then divide
the master clock by 4.
RFSET 340000 FSW N
Current Sensing and IMON
MP2935’s works seamlessly with the IntelliPhaseTM family to accurately sense output
current to monitor the total output current to
support Adaptive Voltage Positioning (AVP) and
current limit detection. Simply direct the total
sensed phase current from all of the IntelliPhases’sTM CS pins to VCM pin. When utilizing
the Intelli-Phase’sTM accurate current sense
output, it eliminates sensing error due to inductor
DCR variation and removes design effort on DCR
thermal compensation. This simple configuration
is
shown
in
Figure
3.
1.106
In single-phase AAM mode, the switching
frequency is almost constant, until it enters DCM
mode then the frequency decrease proportionally
with load current.
Vin
IMON
DROOP
Intelli-Phase Current Sense
Vin
ICS1
...
Vin
MP2935 INTERNAL CIRCUIT
C OUT
PWM(n)
IL1(S)
IntelliPhase
Vin
ICSn
VCM
VOUT
L
SW
...
CSn
CURRENT
MIRROR
...
...
...
IMON
CS
GND
PWM
CS1
IDRP
ILn(S)
IntelliPhase
CS
L
SW
GND
PWM
PWM(1)
Figure 3: Intelli-PhaseTM Current Sensing Circuit
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
15
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
The IMON current is a current proportional to
VCM pin current, IMON
I
VCM . A resistor, RIMON,
16
from IMON pin to GND sets the gain from
average sensed inductor current to IMON
voltage. A 1nF capacitor added in parallel with
RIMON filters the voltage ripple reflected from the
inductor ripple current.
RIMON
2048000
ICCMAX
If the desire ICCMAX is 100A, then select
20.5KΩ for RIMON.
The voltage on the IMON pin is clamped to
prevent it from going above 1.3V. An 8-bit ADC
converts the IMON voltage to the IOUT register. An
IMON voltage of 1.28V indicates the current has
reached the value represented in the ICC_MAX
register.
VDD
RTOP
ICCMAX Pin
RBOTTOM
from VDD voltage. VDD is a 3.3V output voltage
from the controller. Using a smaller resistance
for RBOTTOM will reduce variation. Let’s say we
choose RBOTTOM to be 499Ω and the desired
maximum current is 100A (ICCMAX=100A), then
RTOP is calculated to be 2851Ω. To get the best
possible accuracy, use two resistors to match the
calculated resistance.
Phase Current Sensing
MP2935 has individual inputs to monitor the
current in each phase. The phase current
information is combined with an internal ramp to
create a current-balancing feedback system that
is optimized for initial current accuracy and
dynamic thermal balance. The current balance
information is independent of the total inductor
current information used for voltage positioning.
The magnitude of the internal ramp can be
programmed to optimize the transient response
of the system. MP2935 also monitors the supply
voltage to achieve feed-forward control whenever
the supply voltage changes. A resistor connected
from the power input voltage rail to
SLOPE pin determines the slope of the internal
PWM ramp.
Slope
VIN
1
1
(V/s)
8 RSLOPE 7000 CSLOPE
CSLOPE 4pF
R TOP
(VDD 0.005xICCMAX )RBOTTOM
0.005xICCMAX 2x10 5 xRBOTTOM
Figure 4 shows the block diagram of the phase
current sense and the ramp generator, and the
idealized waveforms.
Set the ICCMAX register with a resistor divider
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
16
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
VIN
VIN
R SLOPE
ICSx
SLOPE
+
PWM
+
R
VCM
CS
L
SW
GND
PWM
CSx
CSLOPE
IntelliPhase
Vin
PWM
PWM Comp.
Ramp
COMP
MP2935 Internal Circuit
CLK
PWM
Inductor
Current
0A
VCOMP
VRAMP
0V
Figure 4: Block Diagram of Phase Current Sense and Ramp Generator
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
17
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
External resistors, R, from the CSx pin to the
VCM reference pin can convert the ICS current to
a related voltage. To increase the current in any
given phase, reduce the R for that phase. Upon
reaching the current limit, MP2935 switches to
full phase PWM mode regardless of power state
status to avoid inrush current stress to the phase
1 power stage.
Voltage Regulation
Output voltage remote sensing is available.
Remote sensing allows the voltage regulator to
compensate for various resistive drops in the
power path and ensure that the voltage seen at
the CPU die is the correct level independent of
the load current. The VOSEN and GNDSEN pins
connect to the Kelvin sense leads at the die of
the processor through the processor socket as
the signals VCC_SENSE and VSS_SENSE,
respectively. This allows the voltage regulator to
tightly control the processor voltage at the die,
independent of layout inconsistencies and drops.
This Kelvin sense technique provides extremely
tight load line regulation. Treat these traces as
noise-sensitive. For optimal load-line regulation
performance, lay out the traces connecting these
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
two pins to the Kelvin sense leads of the
processor in parallel and away from rapidly-rising
voltage nodes (switching nodes) and other noisy
traces. To achieve optimal performance, place
common mode and differential mode RC filters to
analog ground on VOSEN and GNDSEN. Keep
the filter resistors on the order of 10Ω so that
they do not interact with the 50kΩ input
resistance of the differential amplifier.
The voltage-mode control loop consists of a highgain–bandwidth error amplifier. The 8-bit VID
DAC sets the non-inverting input voltage. The
VID codes are listed in Table 2. The output of the
error amplifier goes to the COMP pin, which sets
the termination voltage for the internal PWM
ramps. The inverting input, FB, connects to the
output of the remote sense amplifier through a
resistor, RFB, to sense and control the output
voltage at the remote sense point. RFB generates
the droop voltage as a function of the load
current—commonly known as active voltage
positioning —by injecting the droop current, IDRP,
into the FB pin. The main loop compensation is
incorporated into the feedback network
connected between the FB and COMP pins.
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
18
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
Table 2: SVID Code Table
DEC
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
VID7 VID6 VID5 VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 HEX
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0A
0B
0C
0D
0E
0F
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
1A
1B
1C
1D
1E
1F
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
2A
2B
2C
2D
2E
2F
30
VOUT
OFF
0.500
0.510
0.520
0.530
0.540
0.550
0.560
0.570
0.580
0.590
0.600
0.610
0.620
0.630
0.640
0.650
0.660
0.670
0.680
0.690
0.700
0.710
0.720
0.730
0.740
0.750
0.760
0.770
0.780
0.790
0.800
0.810
0.820
0.830
0.840
0.850
0.860
0.870
0.880
0.890
0.900
0.910
0.920
0.930
0.940
0.950
0.960
0.970
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
DAC Set
Accuracy
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±8 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
±5 mV
19
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
DEC
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
VID7 VID6 VID5 VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 HEX
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
3F
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
4A
4B
4C
4D
4E
4F
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
5A
5B
5C
5D
5E
5F
60
VOUT
0.980
0.990
1.000
1.010
1.020
1.030
1.040
1.050
1.060
1.070
1.080
1.090
1.100
1.110
1.120
1.130
1.140
1.150
1.160
1.170
1.180
1.190
1.200
1.210
1.220
1.230
1.240
1.250
1.260
1.270
1.280
1.290
1.300
1.310
1.320
1.330
1.340
1.350
1.360
1.370
1.380
1.390
1.400
1.410
1.420
1.430
1.440
1.450
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
DAC Set
Accuracy
±5 mV
±5 mV
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
20
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
DEC
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
VID7 VID6 VID5 VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 HEX
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
6A
6B
6C
6D
6E
6F
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
7F
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
8A
8B
8C
8D
8E
8F
90
VOUT
1.460
1.470
1.480
1.490
1.500
1.510
1.520
1.530
1.540
1.550
1.560
1.570
1.580
1.590
1.600
1.610
1.620
1.630
1.640
1.650
1.660
1.670
1.680
1.690
1.700
1.710
1.720
1.730
1.740
1.750
1.760
1.770
1.780
1.790
1.800
1.810
1.820
1.830
1.840
1.850
1.860
1.870
1.880
1.890
1.900
1.910
1.920
1.930
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
DAC Set
Accuracy
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
21
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
DEC
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
VID7 VID6 VID5 VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 HEX
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
9A
9B
9C
9D
9E
9F
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
AA
AB
AC
AD
AE
AF
B0
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
BA
BB
BC
BD
BE
BF
C0
VOUT
1.940
1.950
1.960
1.970
1.980
1.990
2.000
2.010
2.020
2.030
2.040
2.050
2.060
2.070
2.080
2.090
2.100
2.110
2.120
2.130
2.140
2.150
2.160
2.170
2.180
2.190
2.200
2.210
2.220
2.230
2.240
2.250
2.260
2.270
2.280
2.290
2.300
2.310
2.320
2.330
2.340
2.350
2.360
2.370
2.380
2.390
2.400
2.410
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
DAC Set
Accuracy
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
22
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
DEC
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
VID7 VID6 VID5 VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 HEX
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
CA
CB
CC
CD
CE
CF
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
DA
DB
DC
DD
DE
DF
E0
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
E6
E7
E8
E9
EA
EB
EC
ED
EE
EF
F0
VOUT
2.420
2.430
2.440
2.450
2.460
2.470
2.480
2.490
2.500
2.510
2.520
2.530
2.540
2.550
2.560
2.570
2.580
2.590
2.600
2.610
2.620
2.630
2.640
2.650
2.660
2.670
2.680
2.690
2.700
2.710
2.720
2.730
2.740
2.750
2.760
2.770
2.780
2.790
2.800
2.810
2.820
2.830
2.840
2.850
2.860
2.870
2.880
2.890
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
DAC Set
Accuracy
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
23
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
DEC
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
VID7 VID6 VID5 VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0 HEX
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Load-line Regulation
The droop, known as Adaptive Voltage
Positioning (AVP), on MP2935 can be generated
by injecting the IDRP current to the feedback
resistor.
The current output on the IDROOP pin is
the IVCM current, which is proportional to the
1
of
16
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5
F6
F7
F8
F9
FA
FB
FC
FD
FE
FF
VOUT
2.900
2.910
2.920
2.930
2.940
2.950
2.960
2.970
2.980
2.990
3.000
3.010
3.020
3.030
3.040
DAC Set
Accuracy
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
±0.5% VID
total output current. Selecting the proper RFB1
value can achieve the desired load-line. In the
case of zero droop, floats the IDROOP pin.
Figure 5 shows the block diagram of droop
generation.
RFB1 16 105 Droop
For 1mΩ droop, RFB1=1.6KΩ.
VCM
1:16
Figure 5: Block Diagram of Droop Generator
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
24
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
Output Voltage Offset Programming
After receiving the SVID command for setting the
offset (33h), the SVID controller compares the
VID plus the proposed offset with the maximum
VID of FFh (3.04V), and rejects the SVID
command if this value exceeds FFh. If the VID
plus proposed offset is less than FFh, the SVID
updates the register 33h and the DAC ramps
up/down to the new value of VID+Offset with
slow slew rate defined in register 25h. During
ramp up/down to the new DAC value, the SVID
rejects all SVID commands, which is the same
behavior as SetVID_Fast/Slow.
Dynamic VID
The SVID bus sends out new target voltage and
slew rate commands to the PWM IC. The VR
responds by slewing to the new voltage in a
controlled manner without falsely tripping
VRRDY, over-voltage, or over-current protection
circuits. To meet all market segment
requirements, there are three different slew rates:
fast, slow, and decay. During fast and slow VID
transitions, the SVID controller ramps up/down
the VID code step-by-step. There is a 4MHz ID
clock for VID change, with defined VID step of
10mV, the maximum slew rate is up to 20mV/μs.
During VID decay, the VR output voltage
converges to the new VID target, but does not
control the slew rate; the output voltage decays
at a rate proportional to the load current.
SetVID_Fast/Slow
If the VR is in a low-power state and receives a
new SetVID_Fast/Slow command, then the VR
exits the low-power state to normal mode (PS0),
operating in full-phase PWM mode to move the
voltage by the preset slew rate. The VR remains
in PS0, until it receives a new power state
command.
SetVID_Decay
In the case of a SetVID_Decay command, the
VR automatically goes to PS2 or remain at PS3.
SetVID_Decay command steps up the VID DAC
to the target VID at 10mV/step, with each step
triggered by VR_SETTLE assert. In the event of
a SetPS command during the VOUT decay,
MP2935 will enter into the requested power state
after VOUT reaches the requested VID value.
Whenever the VR exits decay mode whenever it
receives a SetVID_Fast/Slow, enters PS0 power
state, and ramps up/down to the new VID from its
current VID.
Figure 6 shows the detailed diagram of the
operation modes with the VID Transition taken
into consideration.
Figure 7(a) to 7(d) show the detailed signals of
Decay mode operation for different cases.
The VID change triggers a VR_RDY masking
timer to prevent a VR_RDY failure. Each VID
change resets and restarts the internal VR_RDY
masking timer. During the VID transition except
VID decay, MP2935 forces a full-phase PWM
operation and reset the power state to PS0 by
default.
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
25
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
Power State change
VID(Fast/Slow)
Transient
SetVID_
Slow
SetPS_
(01h)
S etP S_A(01H)
PKT
SVID Bus
S etV ID_S l
owA
Power State
change
SetPS_
(01h)
VID
Decay
SetVID_
Decay
S etP S_A (01H)
PKT
Power State change
SetPS_
(11h)
S etV ID_D
ecayA
S etP S_A (11H)
PKT
DVID
Note 5: During Decay mode, the VID is
changed step by step following the VR_SET
signal.
VID
Note4: If VR is slewing down with a
SetVID_Decay command and the next
command is a SetPS , then VR could enter that
power state with the decay rate.
Vout
VR_SETTLE
MODE0
0
1
0
1
0
1
MODE1
0
0
0
0
1
1
PS1
1Phase
AAM
CCM
PS0
4Phase
PWM
CCM
PWM1
PWM2
PWM3
CCM
PS0
4Phase
PWM
CCM
Note1: If VR is in a low power state and receive a
SetVID_Fast/Slow (up or down), then the VR exits
the low power state to normal mode and Set the PS
register to 00h
PS1
1Phase
AAM
CCM
PS2
1Phase
AAM
DCM
PS3
1Phase
AAM
DCM
Note3: With SetVID_Decay
command, the VR
automatically enters into PS2
mode.
Note2: the VR remain in PS0 until the CPU
commands it to re-enter to a low power state. If
VR is still slewing from previous SetVID_Fast/
Slow command, the VR should reject the SetPS
command.
Figure 6: Detailed Diagram of the Operation Modes
MP2935 Rev. 1.02
4/10/2019
www.MonolithicPower.com
MPS Proprietary Information. Patent Protected. Unauthorized Photocopy and Duplication Prohibited.
© 2021 MPS. All Rights Reserved.
26
MP2935 — 4-PHASE PWM CONTROLLER FOR VR12.5 APPLICATIONS
END OF LIFE, REFER TO MP2965
SetVID_Decay
(1.0V)
VOUT
1.8V
1.8V
SetVID_Slow/Fast
(1.8V or 0.8V)
1.8V
VID
0.5V
1.0V
Same dv/dt
Or to 0.8V
0.8V
MODE1
DECAY
DECAY changes 1 CLK later than DVID
250ns
(min)
DVID/
!Final_VID
VR_SETTLE
Decay_Settle
ALERT#
Case 1. CPU commands VID 1.8V decay to 1.0V. (SetVID_Decay 1.0V)
At the time of VOUT reaches 1.0V target, SetVID_Fast/Slow to either 1.8V or 0.8V.
Figure 7(a)
SetVID_Slow/Fast
(1.8V or 0.8V)
SetVID_Decay
(1.0V)
No pre-bias function during Decay mode exit.
1.8V
dV
工商网监
湘ICP备2023018690号
