MPM3684
18V 15A Step-Down Power Module
in 12x15x4mm QFN
DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
The MPM3684 is an easy-to-use fully integrated
15A step-down DC/DC power module. It
integrates the DC/DC converter, power inductor,
input/output capacitors and the necessary
resistors/capacitors in a compact QFN
12mmX15mmX4mm package. This total power
solution needs as few as two external
components (one resistor and one capacitor) to
work. MPM3684 can deliver 15A output current
over a wide input supply voltage range with
excellent load and line regulation.
The MPM3684 uses Constant-On-Time (COT)
control to provide fast transient response and
ease the loop stabilization.
The default under voltage lockout threshold is
internally set around 4.1V, but a resistor
network on the enable pin can increase this
threshold. The MPM3684 has an internal LDO
to power the control circuits and the integrated
power devices. This LDO can be disabled by an
external 5V to boost the efficiency.
The MPM3684 has an internal about 3ms soft
start (SS) timer. It can be increased with an
extra SS capacitor. An open drain power good
signal indicates that the output voltage is within
nominal voltage range.
The MPM3684 has fully integrated protection
features that include over-current protection,
over-voltage protection and thermal shutdown.
Complete 15A DC-to-DC Solution
Wide Input Voltage Range from 2.5V:
-- 2.5V to 18V with External 5V Bias
-- 4.5V to 18V with Internal Bias
1% Reference Voltage Over 0˚C to 70˚C
Junction Temperature Range
Adaptive COT Control for Ultrafast
Transient Response
Programmable Switching Frequency from
200kHz to 1MHz
Support Pre-Bias Start Up
Programmable Soft-Start Time with Default
3ms
Non-latch OCP, OVP and Thermal
Shutdown
Output Adjustable from 0.65V to 5V
QFN-65 (12mmx15mmx4mm) Package
APPLICATIONS
Telecom and Networking Systems
Base Stations
Servers
Personal Video Recorders
Flat Panel Television and Monitors
Distributed Power Systems
All MPS parts are lead-free, halogen-free, and adhere to the RoHS directive.
For MPS green status, please visit the MPS website under Quality
Assurance.
“MPS” and “The Future of Analog IC Technology” are registered trademarks of
Monolithic Power Systems, Inc.
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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11/30/2016
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1
MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
TYPICAL APPLICATION
VIN
GND
MPM3684
IN
FREQ>
VOUT
VOUT
>FREQ
Ctrim
EN
Rtrim
EN
ACtrim
PGOOD
PG
GND
DCtrim
AGND GND
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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2
MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part Number*
MPM3684GRU
Package
QFN-65 (12mmx15mmx4mm)
Top Marking
See Below
TOP MARKING
MPS: MPS prefix:
YY: year code;
WW: week code:
MP3684: product code of MPM3684GRU;
M: module
LLLLLLLLL: lot number;
PACKAGE REFERENCE
AGND
SS
DC_trim>
56
55
54
53
52
51
VIN
PG
57
>FERQ
VCC
58
N/C
AGND
59
FREQ>
BST
60
EN
AGND
TOP VIEW
50
49
48
AGND
1
47
VIN
AGND
2
46
VIN
>DC_trim
3
N/C
4
AC_trim
5
SW
N/C
6
61
SW
VIN
45
VIN
44
N/C
GND
43
GND
64
42
GND
7
41
GND
SW
8
40
GND
SW
9
39
GND
SW
10
38
GND
SW
11
37
GND
SW
12
VOUT
36
GND
SW
13
63
35
GND
SW
14
34
GND
SW
15
33
GND
SW
16
32
N/C
SW
17
31
VOUT
65
SW
62
22
23
24
25
26
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
N/C
VOUT
VOUT
VOUT
27
28
29
30
VOUT
21
VOUT
20
VOUT
19
VOUT
18
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MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1)
Recommended Operating Conditions
Supply Voltage VIN to GND............. -0.3V to 21V
VSW(DC) to GND .......................... –1V to VIN+0.3V
VSW5 (30ns) to GND............. –3 V to VIN+3V or 24V
VBST ......................................... –0.3 V to VIN+6V
All Other Pins to AGND................. –0.3V to +6V
Continuous Output Current ......................... 17A
Junction Temperature .............................. 150C
Lead Temperature ................................... 260C
Storage Temperature .............. –55C to +150C
MSL ................................................... Level 3(5)
ESD (HBM) ................................................. 2kV
ESD (CDM) ............................................... 500V
Supply Voltage VIN .......................... 4.5V to 18V
Output Voltage VOUT ........................ 0.65V to 5V
Enable Current IEN……………………..…....1mA
Ambient Temperature................ -40°C to +85°C
Operating Junction Temp. (TJ)..-40°C to +125°C
Thermal Resistance
(4)
θJB
(3)
θJA
QFN-65(12mmx15mmx4mm)
.......................... ……………2.5……14.0 C/W
Notes:
1) Exceeding these ratings may damage the device.
2) The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the
maximum junction temperature TJ (MAX), the junction-toambient thermal resistance θJA, and the ambient temperature
TA. The maximum allowable continuous power dissipation at
any ambient temperature is calculated by PD (MAX) = (TJ
(MAX)-TA)/θJA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power
dissipation will cause excessive die temperature.
3) The device is not guaranteed to function outside of its
operating conditions.
4) Measured on JESD51-7, 4-layer PCB.
5) Need to get some test data from 1st sample for calibration and
evaluation for MSL Level 2.
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VIN = 12V, VOUT = 1.2V, Rtrim =10kΩ, Ctrim =560pF, TJ = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameters
Input Voltage Range
Symbol
Input Voltage Range
VIN
Condition
Min
5V External VCC
Typ
Max
Units
2.5
4.5
18
18
V
V
0.65
5
V
Output Voltage
Output Voltage Range 6)
Output Voltage Accuracy (Load
Regulation) 6)
Output Voltage Accuracy (Line
Regulation) 6)
Quiescent Current
VOUT_RANGE
VOUT_DC_Load
VOUT_DC_Line
Quiescent Current
Current Limit
IIN
Output Current Limit
Switching Frequency 6)
ILIM
Switching Frequency
fSW
Over-voltage and Under-voltage Protection
OVP Non-latch Threshold 7)
VOVP_NON-
COUT =5X47μF Ceramic,
IOUT =0A to 15A
COUT =5X47μF Ceramic,
VIN =4.5V to 18V, IOUT =5A
VEN =2V, VFB=0.65V
±0.5
%Vout
±0.4
%Vout
700
860
1000
uA
15
20
25
A
400
500
600
kHz
With negative current limit
117%
120%
123%
VFB
No negative current limit
127%
47%
130%
50%
133%
53%
VFB
VFB
TJ = 0C to +70C
608
611
614
mV
TJ = 0C to +120C
605
611
617
mV
TJ = -40C to +125C
IOUT=5A
LATCH
OVP Threshold 6)
UVP Threshold 6)
Reference And Soft Start
Reference Voltage 8)
Soft Start Time
Timer 6)
Minimum ON Time
Minimum OFF Time
VOVP_TH
VUVP
VREF
602
611
620
mV
tSS
2
2.8
3.6
ms
TON_MIN
TOFF_MIN
20
200
30
360
40
420
ns
ns
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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5
MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VIN = 12V, VOUT = 1.2V, Rtrim =10kΩ, Ctrim =560pF, TJ = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameters
Power Good
Power Good Rising Threshold
7)
Power Good Falling Threshold
7)
Power Good Low to High Delay
7)
Power Good Sink Current
Capability 7)
Power Good Leakage Current
7)
Symbol
Condition
PGVth-Hi
Min
Typ
Max
Units
87%
91%
94%
VFB
PGVth-Lo
80%
VFB
PGTd
2.5
ms
IOL
VOL=600mV
12
IPG_LEAK
VPG=3.3V
VOL_100
VIN=0V, Pull PGood up to
3.3V through a 100KΩ
resistor.
500
550
600
mV
VOL_10
VIN=0V, Pull PGood up to
3.3V through a 10KΩ
resistor.
600
650
700
mV
1.1
1.3
250
0
1.5
V
mV
μA
PG Low-Level Output Voltage
0.01
mA
uA
Enable 7)
Enable Input Low Voltage
Enable Hysteresis
Enable Input Current
VILEN
VEN-HYS
IEN
VEN = 2V
VCC Regulator 7)
VCC Under Voltage Lockout
Threshold Rising
VCCVth
3.8
V
VCC Under Voltage Lockout
Threshold Hysteresis
VCCHYS
500
mV
VCC
4.8
0.5
V
%
25
°C
°C
VCC Regulator
VCC Load Regulation
Icc=5mA
Thermal Protection 6)
Thermal Shutdown
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis
TSD
150
Notes:
6) Guaranteed by design
7) 100% tested for internal IC prior to module assembly
8) Guaranteed by production test and/or characterization for internal IC prior to module assembly
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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6
MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
PIN FUNCTIONS
Pin #
Name
Description
1, 2, 55, 58,
60
AGND
Analog/Signal Ground. It needs to be connected to GND on PCB layout.
3
4,6,23, 32,
44, 49
5
7- 22, 61, 62
24-31, 63
33- 43, 64
45-48, 65
50
51
52
53
54
56
57
59
Output Voltage DC Trimming. Connect this pin to pin DC_trim> first, and then to the
>DC_trim output voltage sense point through a resistor. The resistor value can be chosen
based on equation 1.
N/C
Not connected. Keep these pins floating.
Output Voltage AC Trimming. Connect these pins to the output through a capacitor.
The capacitor value can be chosen based on equation 2.
SW
Switch Output. Keep them floating.
VOUT
Module voltage output node.
System Power Ground. Reference ground of the regulated output voltage. PCB
GND
layout requires extra care. Connect using wide PCB traces.
Supply Voltage. Supply power to the internal MOSFET and regulator. The MPM3684
operates from a +2.5V to +18V input rail with 5V external bias and from a +4.5V to
VIN
+18V input rail with internal bias. It requires input decoupling capacitors. Connect
using wide PCB traces and multiple vias.
Frequency Set In. An internal 430K frequency set resistor is used if connecting this
>FREQ
pin to Pin FREQ pin to Pin FREQ>. If values other than 430K are needed, connect the resistor
between this pin and pin VIN.
Output Voltage DC Trimming. Connect this pin to pin >DC_trim first, and then to the
DC_trim> output voltage sense point through a resistor. The resistor value can be chosen
based on equation 1.
Soft Start. Floating this pin has the default 3ms SS time. The SS time can be
SS
extended by connecting an external capacitor between SS and AGND pins.
Power Good. The output is an open drain signal. Require a pull-up resistor to a DC
PG
voltage to indicate high if the output voltage exceeds 91% of the nominal voltage.
There is a 2.5ms delay from FB ≥ 91% to PG goes high.
Internal 4.8V LDO Output. Power the driver and control circuits. Keep this pin floating.
VCC
Applying a 5V external bias can disable the internal LDO to boost the efficiency.
BST
Bootstrap. Keep this pin floating.
AC_trim
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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7
MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
VIN=12V, VOUT=1.2V, TA=25˚C, unless otherwise noted.
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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11/30/2016
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MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VIN=12V, VOUT=1.2V, TA=25˚C, unless otherwise noted.
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
BLOCK DIAGRAM
>FREQ
IN
430K
5.7uF
FREQ>
VCC
LDO
VCC
1uF
EN
BST
BST BIAS
Minimum
OFF Timer
REFERENCE
ON Timer
HS Driver
HS-FET
LOGIC
SS
VOUT
30uF
SOFT START/STOP
VCC
300K
AC_trim
DC_trim>
LS Driver
FB Comparator
ZCD Current
Modulator
PG
LS-FET
1K
>DC_trim
10K
AGND
UV
PGND
PGOOD Comparator
UV Detect
Comparator
LS Current Limit
OV
OV Detect
Comparator
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
OPERATION
Power Module Operation
The MPM3684 is a high performance single
output synchronous switching mode DC-to-DC
power supply. It can deliver 15A continuous
output current. The MPM3684 can provide an
output voltage from 0.65V to 5V over a 4.5V to
18V (or 2.5V to 18V with 5V external VCC bias)
wide input voltage range.
The MPM3684 is a complete power solution. It
integrates a constant-on-time (COT) control DCto-DC regulator, power devices, an inductor,
input/output capacitors and some other
supporting resistors and small capacitors. It only
needs as few as one external resistor and one
external small capacitor to operate.
The MPM3684 is controlled by both the VCC
voltage and the EN signal. It can only be turned
on when both voltages are higher than the
thresholds.
The switching frequency is determined by a
frequency set resistor. The default switching
frequency with the integrated resistor is shown in
table 1. The default switching frequency
increases with the output voltage. The switching
frequency can also be programmed externally in
the range of 200KHz to 1000KHz. The details
can be found in the section of “SWITCHING
FREQUENCY SETTING” on Page 12.
The MPM3684 utilizes constant-on-time control.
It has sufficient stability margin with simple loop
compensation. And it provides very good
transient response with a wide range of output
capacitors, even with all ceramic output
capacitors.
The MPM3684 has a variable soft start timer to
smooth-out the output voltage during start-up.
The default (with SS pin floating) soft start timer
is about 3ms. The soft-start time can be
extended by adding a capacitor between SS pin
and AGND pin.
PWM Operation
The MPM3684 uses Constant-on-time (COT)
control to provide a fast transient response and
ease loop stabilization.
At the beginning of each cycle, the high-side
MOSFET (HS-FET) turns ON when the feedback
voltage (VFB) drops below the reference voltage
(VREF), which indicates an insufficient output
voltage. The input voltage and the frequency-set
resistor determine the ON period as follows:
TON (ns)
6.1 RFREQ (k)
VIN (V) 0.4
(1)
After the ON period elapses, the HS-FET turns
off. It turns ON again when VFB drops below VREF.
By repeating this operation, the converter
regulates the output voltage to the desired level.
The integrated low-side MOSFET (LS-FET) turns
on when the HS-FET is OFF to minimize the
conduction loss. There is a dead short (or shootthrough) between input and GND if both HS-FET
and LS-FET turn on at the same time. A deadtime (DT) internally generated between HS-FET
OFF and LS-FETON, or LS-FET OFF and HSFET ON avoids shoot-through.
Heavy-Load Operation
Figure 2—Heavy Load Operation
When the output current is high and the inductor
current is always above zero amps, it is called
continuous-conduction-mode (CCM). Figure 2
shows the CCM operation. When VFB is below
VREF, HS-FET turns on for a fixed interval
determined by the one-shot on-timer as per
equation 1. When the HS-FET turns off, the LSFET turns on until the next period.
In CCM operation, the switching frequency is
fairly constant and is also called PWM mode.
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MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
Light-Load Operation
As the load decreases, the inductor current
decreases too. When the inductor current
touches zero, the operation is transited from
continuous-conduction-mode
(CCM)
to
discontinuous-conduction-mode (DCM).
Figure 3 shows the light load operation. When
VFB drops below VREF, HS-FET turns on for a
fixed interval determined by the one- shot ontimer as per equation 1. When the HS-FET turns
off, the LS-FET turns on until the inductor current
reaches zero. In DCM operation, the VFB does
not reach VREF when the inductor current is
approaching zero. The LS-FET driver turns into
tri-state (high Z) whenever the inductor current
reaches zero. A current modulator takes over the
control of LS-FET and limits the inductor current
less than -1mA. Hence, the output capacitors
discharge slowly to GND through LS-FET. As a
result, this mode improves the efficiency greatly
at light load condition. At this condition, the HSFET does not turns ON as frequently as at heavy
load condition. This is called pulse skip mode.
At light load or no load condition, the output
drops very slowly and the MPM3684 reduces the
switching frequency naturally and then achieves
high efficiency at light load.
The IC turns into PWM mode once the output
current exceeds the critical level. After that, the
switching frequency stays fairly constant over the
output current range.
Switching Frequency
Selecting the switching frequency requires
trading off between efficiency and component
size. Low frequency operation increases
efficiency by reducing MOSFET switching losses,
but requires larger inductor and capacitor values
to minimize the output voltage ripple.
The MPM3684 uses adaptive constant-on-time
(COT) control to generate a fairly constant
frequency at CCM condition, though the IC lacks
a dedicated oscillator. The ON time of HSFET
can be set by connecting a resistor between IN
pin and FREQ pin. It’s input voltage adaptive. So
for a fixed output voltage, the switching
frequency stays fairly constant. The switching
frequency can be set internally and externally.
Figure 4 shows that the switching frequency is
determined by the internal 430K resistor. The
430K resistor is connected to IN pin so that the
input voltage is feed-forwarded to the one-shot
ON-time timer. When operating in steady state at
CCM, the duty ratio stays at VOUT/VIN, so the
switching frequency is fairly constant over the
input voltage range. The switching frequency can
be determined by equation 3:
IN
MPM3684
430K
402
>FREQ
Figure 3—Light Load Operation
As the output current increases from the light
load condition, the current modulator regulates
the operating period that becomes shorter. The
HS-FET turns ON more frequently. Hence, the
switching frequency increases correspondingly.
The output current reaches the critical level when
the current modulator time decreases to zero.
The critical output current level can be
determined as follows:
IOUT
(VIN VOUT ) VOUT
2 L FSW VIN
Where FSW is the switching frequency.
(2)
FREQ>
ON
Timer
Figure 4
FSW (kHz)
106
6.1 430(k) VIN (V)
T
(ns)
VIN (V) 0.4 VOUT (V) DELAY
(3)
Where TDELAY is the comparator delay of about
5ns.
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MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
Table 1 shows the switching frequency with
different common output voltages:
Vo (V)
1
1.2
1.5
1.8
VINSTART 1.5
fs(KHz)
400
500
600
700
IN
MPM3684
ON
Timer
If using a resistive voltage divider and VIN
exceeds 6V, then the minimum resistance for the
pull-up resistor RUP should meet:
Figure 5
The switching frequency can be estimated
through equation (4) as follows:
FSW (kHz)
106
6.1 RFREQ (k) VIN (V)
TDELAY (ns)
VIN (V) 0.4
VOUT (V)
An internal zener diode on the EN pin clamps the
EN pin voltage to prevent running away. The
maximum pull up current (assuming the worst
case 6V for the internal zener clamp) should be
limited to 1mA or less.
Therefore, when driving EN with an external logic
signal, the driving voltage should be less than 6V.
When connecting EN to IN through a pull-up
resistor or a resistive voltage divider, select a
resistance that ensures a maximum pull-up
current of 1mA.
>FREQ
FREQ>
(5)
To reduce noise, add a 10nF ceramic capacitor
from EN to GND.
If a switching frequency other than those listed in
Table 1 is desired, an external frequency set
resistor can be connected as shown in figure 5:
430K
402
(RUP RDOWN )
(V)
RDOWN
For example, for RUP=100kΩ and RDOWN=51kΩ,
the VIN-START is set at 4.44V.
Table 1
RFREQ
resistor (RDOWN from the EN pin to GND) to
determine the automatic start-up voltage:
(4)
Where TDELAY is the comparator delay of about
5ns.
Typically, the MPM3684 is set to 200kHz to
1MHz applications. Thanks to its monolithic
structure, the MPM3684 is optimized to operate
at high switching frequencies at high efficiency.
High switching frequencies allow for physically
smaller LC filter components to reduce the PCB
footprint.
Configuring the EN Control
The power module turns on when EN goes high;
conversely it turns off when EN goes low. Do not
float the pin.
For automatic start-up, pull the EN pin up to input
voltage through a resistive voltage divider.
Choose the values of the pull-up resistor (RUP
from the IN pin to the EN pin) and the pull-down
VIN 6V
6V
1mA
RUP
RDOWN
(6)
With only RUP (the pull-down resistor, RDOWN, is
not connected), then the VCC UVLO threshold
determines VIN-START, so the minimum resistor
value is:
RUP
VIN 6V
( )
1mA
(7)
A typical pull-up resistor is 100kΩ.
VCC Power Supply
The MPM3684 has an internal VCC LDO to
supply the power to the internal circuits and
drives the power devices. This VCC LDO is
derived from the input supply. To ensure proper
operation, the minimum input voltage should be
4.5V.
An external 5V VCC bias can disable the internal
LDO. In this case, Vin can be as low as 2.5V.
The efficiency can be higher with external 5V
VCC bias. Figure 6 shows the comparison.
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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13
MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
on the soft-start capacitor exceeds the sensed
output voltage at the FB pin.
MPM3684 Efficiency (12V to 1.2V 500KHz)
95
93
91
89
Effi. (%)
87
85
External VCC
83
Internal VCC
81
79
77
75
0
3
6
9
Output Current (A)
12
15
Figure 6
Soft Start
The MPM3684 employs a soft start (SS)
mechanism to ensure a smooth output during
power-up. When the EN pin goes high, an
internal current source (20μA) charges the SS
capacitor. The SS capacitor voltage takes over
the REF voltage to the PWM comparator. The
output voltage smoothly ramps up with the SS
voltage. Once the SS voltage reaches the REF
voltage, it continues ramping up while VREF takes
over the PWM comparator. At this point, soft start
finishes and the device enters steady state
operation.
An internal 100nF SS capacitor is used. So the
default (with SS pin floating) SS time can be
estimated as:
TSS (ms)
100(nF) VREF (V)
ISS (uA)
(8)
So the default SS time is about 3ms.
If longer SS time is needed, an external SS
capacitor can be added between SS pin and
AGND pin. The external capacitor value can be
determined as follows:
CSS (nF)
TSS (ms) ISS (uA)
100(nF)
VREF (V)
(9)
Pre-Bias Startup
The MPM3684 has been designed for monotonic
startup into pre-biased loads. If the output is prebiased to a certain voltage during startup, the IC
will disable switching for both high-side and lowside switches until the voltage
Power Good (PG)
The MPM3684 has a power-good (PG) output.
The PG pin is the open drain of a MOSFET.
Connect it to VCC or some other voltage source
that measures less than 5.5V through a pull-up
resistor (typically 100kΩ). After applying the input
voltage, the MOSFET turns on so that the PG pin
is pulled to GND before the SS is ready. After the
FB voltage reaches 91% of the REF voltage, the
PG pin is pulled high after a 2.5ms delay.
When the FB voltage drops to 80% of the REF
voltage or exceeds 120% of the nominal REF
voltage, the PG pin is pulled low.
If the input supply fails to power the MPM3684,
the PG pin is also pulled low even though this pin
is tied to an external DC source through a pull-up
resistor.
Over-Current Protection (OCP)
The MPM3684 features two current limit levels
for over-current conditions: low-side valley
current limit and low-side negative current limit.
Low-Side Valley Current Limit: The device
monitors the inductor current during the LS-FET
ON state. If the LS-FET sourcing current is
higher than the internal positive-valley-current
limit, the HS-FET remains OFF and the LS-FET
remains ON for the next ON time. When the LSFET sourcing current drops below the valley
current limit, then the LS-FET turns off and the
HS-FET turns on again.
The MPM3684 enters OCP non-latch protection
mode if the LS-FET sourcing valley current keeps
exceeding the valley current limit for a certain
period of time. During OCP, the device tries to
recover from the over-current fault with hiccup
mode: the chip disables the output power stage,
discharges the soft-start capacitor and then
automatically retries soft-start. The device
repeats this operation cycle as long as the overcurrent condition still exists. When the overcurrent condition disappears, the MPM3684
initiates a new SS to rise back to regulation level.
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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14
MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
Low-Side Negative Current Limit: If the sensed
LS-FET negative current exceeds the negative
current limit, the LS-FET turns off immediately
and stays OFF for the remainder of the OFF
period. In this situation, both MOSFETs are OFF
until the end of a fixed interval. The HS-FET body
diode conducts the inductor current for the fixed
time.
Over -Voltage Protection (OVP)
The MPM3684 monitors the output voltage using
the FB pin connected to the tap of a resistor
divider to detect over-voltage. It provides nonlatch OVP mode.
If the FB voltage exceeds the nominal REF
voltage but remains lower than 120% of the REF
voltage (0.611V), both MOSFETs are off.
If the FB voltage exceeds 120% of the REF
voltage but remains below 130%, the LS-FET
turns on while the HS-FET remains off. The LSFET remains on until the FB voltage drops below
110% of the REF voltage or the low-side
negative current limit is hit.
If the FB voltage exceeds 130% of the REF
voltage, it enters a non-latch mode. The LS-FET
remains on until the FB voltage drops below
110% of the REF voltage, and the MPM3684
initiates a new SS to rise back to regulation level
and operates normally again.
IN
RUP
RDOWN
EN Comparator
EN
Figure 7—Adjustable UVLO Threshold
Thermal Shutdown
The MPM3684 has thermal shutdown. The IC
internally monitors the junction temperature. If
the junction temperature exceeds the threshold
value (minimum 150ºC), the converter shuts off.
This is a non-latch protection. There is about
25ºC hysteresis. Once the junction temperature
drops to about 125ºC, it initiates a soft startup.
UVLO protection
The MPM3684 has under-voltage lock-out
protection (UVLO). When the VCC voltage
exceeds the UVLO rising threshold, the
MPM3684 powers up. It shuts off when the VCC
voltage falls below the UVLO falling threshold
voltage. This is non-latch protection. The
MPM3684 is disabled when the VCC voltage falls
below 3.3 V. If an application requires a higher
UVLO threshold, use the two external resistors
connected to the EN pin as shown in Figure 9 to
adjust the startup input voltage. For best results,
use the enable resistors to set the input voltage
falling threshold (VSTOP) above 3.6 V. Set the
rising threshold (VSTART) to provide enough
hysteresis to account for any input supply
variations.
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Setting the Output Voltage-Small ESR
Capacitors
When the output capacitors are all ceramic
capacitors or capacitors with small ESR, external
RAMP is injected through the R/C network
across the inductor. The circuit connection is as
follows:
system. A value between 100pF and 2.2nF is
recommended. The circuit connection can be
made as the following:
MPM3684
L
SW
Rtrim
Cout
AC_trim
FB
L
DC_trim>
VOUT
SW
R3
300K
402
Ctrim
R2
1K
402
R1
10K
402
Rtrim
AC_trim
R1
10K
402
Figure 9
The Rtrim can be determined as follows to obtain
the desired output voltage:
>DC_trim
AGND
Figure 8
RTRIM (K)
Here is the procedure to find the values for Ctrim
and Rtrim:
5.3 RFREQ (K)
VIN (V) 0.4
(12)
The capacitance can vary significantly with
temperature. Use capacitors with X5R or X7R
ceramic dielectrics because they are fairly stable
over a wide temperature range.
c) Find the average feedback voltage VFB
VFB _ AVG (V) VREF (V)
VRAMP (V)
2
d) Calculate Rtrim to get the desired output
voltage:
Ro (K) (
VOUT ( V )
1) 10(K)
VFB _ AVG( V )
R (K) 300(K)
RTRIM (K) O
300(K) RO (K)
Output
Voltage-Large
(15)
(11)
(10)
b) Determine Ctrim. Choose a VRAMP around
10mV-30mV for most of the applications.
VIN ( V ) VOUT ( V )
TON (ns)
R3 (K) VRAMP ( V )
VOUT VREF
10
VREF
Input Capacitor
The input current to the step-down power module
is discontinuous, and therefore, it requires a
capacitor to supply the AC current to the stepdown power module while maintaining the DC
input voltage. Use ceramic capacitors for best
performance. During layout, Place the input
capacitors as close to the IN and GND pins as
possible.
a) Determine the Ton
TON (ns)
>DC_trim
AGND
Cout
DC_trim>
FB
Setting the
Capacitors
Ctrim
R2
1K
402
MPM3684
CTRIM(pF)
VOUT
R3
300K
402
(13)
The capacitors must also have a ripple current
rating that exceeds the converter’s maximum
input ripple current. Estimate the input ripple
current as follows:
ICIN IOUT
(14)
ESR
VOUT
V
(1 OUT )
VIN
VIN
(16)
The worst-case condition occurs at VIN = 2VOUT,
where:
I
ICIN OUT
(17)
2
If one or more piece of the output capacitors
have large ESR, then there is no need of external
RAMP. Otherwise, it’ll generate group pulses at
light load conditions. The Ctrim is still
recommended to boost the phase margin of the
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
PCB Layout Recommendations
For simplification, choose an input capacitor with
an RMS current rating that exceeds half the
maximum load current.
1. Place the input/output capacitors on the same
side of the MPM3684, and as close to the
MPM3684 package as possible.
The input capacitance value determines the
converter input voltage ripple. Select a capacitor
value that meets any input voltage ripple
requirements.
2. A solid system ground layer is required to be
placed immediately below the surface layer with
the MPM3684.
Estimate the input voltage ripple as follows:
IOUT
V
V
(18)
VIN
OUT (1 OUT )
FSW CIN
VIN
VIN
3. Thermal VIAs (18 mil diameter and 8 mil hole
size) are required to be placed underneath the
GND, IN and VOUT pads, as well as the edges
of the MPM3684 and the input/output capacitors.
The worst-case condition occurs at VIN = 2VOUT,
where:
IOUT
1
(19)
VIN
4 FSW CIN
4. Keep the DC_trim traces as short as possible.
Ctrim
Rtrim
AGND
AGND
N/C
>DC_trim
AC_trim
N/C
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
AGND
SW
BST
AGND
SW
SW
SW
VCC
PG
SW
MPM3684
N/C
VOUT
AGND
SS
VOUT
DC_trim>
VOUT
FREQ>
VOUT
EN
VOUT
VOUT
GND
IN
>FERQ
VOUT
N/C
VOUT
VIN
COUT2
CIN2
COUT3
CIN3
VIN
CIN1
VIN
VIN
N/C
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
N/C
VOUT
COUT1
Figure 10
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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17
MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
Typical Design Parameter Table
The following table (Table 2) includes the recommended component values for typical designs.
Ref
Vin (V)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
33
34
35
36
39
40
41
42
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
Vout
(V)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
5
5
5
5
Rtrim (KΩ)
Ctrim (pF)
Rfreq (KΩ)
fs (KHz)
6.49
6.49
6.49
6.49
6.49
6.49
10
10
10
10
10
10
15
15
15
15
15.8
15.8
21
21
21
21
21
21
34
34
35.7
35.7
34
34
49.9
49.9
49.9
49.9
90.9
90.9
90.9
90.9
560
560
560
560
220
330
560
560
560
560
270
270
680
680
560
560
330
330
560
560
560
560
470
330
680
680
680
680
330
270
330
330
270
270
390
390
180
150
NS
NS
300
300
178
178
649
649
NS
NS
200
200
806
806
NS
NS
243
243
750
750
NS
NS
301
301
1000
1000
715
715
432
432
1000
1000
549
549
1500
1500
909
909
400
400
600
600
1000
1000
300
300
500
500
1000
1000
300
300
600
600
1000
1000
400
400
750
750
1000
1000
400
400
600
600
1000
1000
600
600
1000
1000
600
600
1000
1000
Cout
(uF)
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
3X47
5X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
7X47
5X47
3X47
5X47
7X47
5X47
3X47
Ripple (mV)
11.6
16.4
5.0
7.6
3.8
2.2
24.0
38.4
11.2
14.8
3.2
4.6
32.8
46.0
8.4
11.6
5.8
7.0
25.4
49.6
7.6
9.4
8.8
12.4
34.2
46.4
18.8
25.2
9.8
13.0
31.6
21.2
6.0
10.2
49.2
36.0
20.8
28.8
Table 2: Typical Design Examples
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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11/30/2016
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MPM3684 – 18V 15A STEP-DOWN POWER MODULE
PACKAGE INFORMATION
QFN-65 (12mmx15mmx4mm)
NOTICE: The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Users should warrant and guarantee that third
party Intellectual Property rights are not infringed upon when integrating MPS products into any application. MPS will not
assume any legal responsibility for any said applications.
MPM3684 Rev. 1.02
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11/30/2016
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