CSTCR4M19G53Z-R0

Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Ceramic Resonator (CERALOCK®) Application Manual Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Cat.No.P17E-16 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Introduction Ceramic resonators (CERALOCK®) are made of high stability piezoelectric ceramics that function as a mechanical resonator. This device has been developed to function as a reference signal generator and the frequency is primarily adjusted by the size and thickness of the ceramic element. With the advance of the IC technology, various equipment may be controlled by a single LSI integrated circuit, such as the one-chip microprocessor. CERALOCK® can be used as the timing element in most microprocessor based equipment. In the future, more and more applications will use CERALOCK® because of its high stability nonadjustment performance, miniature size and cost savings. Typical applications include TVs, VCRs, automotive electronic devices, telephones, copiers, cameras, voice synthesizers, communication equipment, remote controls and toys. This manual describes CERALOCK® and will assist you in applying it effectively. * CERALOCK® is the brand name of these MURATA products. P17E.pdf 10.8.3 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 1 Characteristics and Types of CERALOCK® — 02 CONTENTS 1. General Characteristics of CERALOCK® ................................... 02 2. Types of CERALOCK® ................................................................. 03 kHz Band CERALOCK® (CSBLA Series) ...................................... 03 MHz Band CERALOCK® with Built-in Load Capacitance (CSTLS Series) ............................................................................. 04 Reflow Solderable kHz Band CERALOCK® (CSBFB Series) ........ 05 MHz Band Chip CERALOCK® (CSACW/CSTCC/ CSTCR/CSTCE/CSTCW Series) .................... 06 2 Principles of CERALOCK® ————————————— 8 1. Equivalent Circuit Constants........................................................ 8 2. Basic Oscillation Circuits ........................................................... 11 3 Specifications of CERALOCK ® —————————— 14 1. Electrical Specifications ............................................................. 14 Electrical Specifications of kHz Band CSBLA Series .................... 14 Electrical Specifications of MHz Band Lead CERALOCK® (CSTLS Series) ............................................................................. 15 Electrical Specifications of MHz Band Chip CERALOCK® (CSACW Series) (CSTCC/CSTCR/CSTCE/CSTCW Series) ........ 16 2. Mechanical and Environmental Specifications of CERALOCK® ................................................... 17 4 Applications of Typical Oscillation Circuits — 19 1. Cautions for Designing Oscillation Circuits ............................. 19 2. Application to Various Oscillation Circuits ............................... 20 Application to C-MOS Inverter ....................................................... 20 Application to H-CMOS Inverter .................................................... 21 5 Characteristics of CERALOCK® Oscillation Circuits ———————— 22 1. Stability of Oscillation Frequency .............................................. 22 2. Characteristics of the Oscillation Level .................................... 23 3. Characteristics of Oscillation Rise Time ................................... 24 4. Starting Voltage ........................................................................... 25 6 Application Circuits to Various ICs/LSIs —— 26 1. Application to Microcomputers .................................................. 26 2. Application to Remote Control ICs ............................................ 29 3. Application to ICs for Office Equipment .................................... 29 4. Other Kinds of Applications to Various ICs .............................. 29 7 Notice 8 Appendix ———————————————————————————— 30 Equivalent Circuit Constants of CERALOCK® ————————————————— 31 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 1 Characteristics and Types of CERALOCK® 2 Principles of CERALOCK® 3 Specifications of CERALOCK® 4 Applications of Typical Oscillation Circuits 5 Characteristics of CERALOCK® Oscillation Circuits 6 Application Circuits to Various ICs/LSIs 7 Notice 8 Appendix Equivalent Circuit Constants of CERALOCK® Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our P17E.pdf 10.8.3 sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 1 Characteristics and Types of CERALOCK® 1. General Characteristics of CERALOCK® 1 Ceramic resonators use the mechanical resonance of piezoelectric ceramics. (Generally, lead zirconium titanate: PZT.) The oscillation mode varies with resonant frequency. The table on the right shows this relationship. As a resonator device, quartz crystal is well-known. RC oscillation circuits and LC oscillation circuits are also used to produce electrical resonance. The following are the characteristics of CERALOCK®. ① High stability of oscillation frequency Oscillation frequency stability is between that of the quartz crystal and LC or RC oscillation circuits. The temperature coefficient of quartz crystal is 10–6/°C maximum and approximately 10–3 to 10–4/°C for LC or RC oscillation circuits. Compared with these, it is 10–5/°C at –20 to +80°C for ceramic resonators. ② Small configuration and light weight The ceramic resonator is half the size of popular quartz crystals. ③ Low price, non-adjustment CERALOCK® is mass produced, resulting in low cost and high stability. Unlike RC or LC circuits, ceramic resonators use mechanical resonance. This means it is not basically affected by external circuits or by the fluctuation of the supply voltage. Highly stable oscillation circuits can therefore be made without the need of adjustment. The table briefly describes the characteristics of various oscillator elements. ■ Vibration Mode and Frequency Range Frequency (Hz) Vibration Mode 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G 1 Flexural mode 2 Length mode 3 Area expansion mode 4 Radius vibration 5 Shear thickness mode 6 Thickness expander mode 7 Surface acoustic wave [Note] : ←—→ show the direction of vibration ■ Characteristics of Various Oscillator Elements Price Size Oscillation Adjust- Frequency Long-term Initial Stability ment Tolerance LC Inexpensive Big Required ±2.0% Fair CR Inexpensive Small Required ±2.0% Fair Name Quartz Crystal Ceramic Resonator 2 1k Symbol Expensive Inexpensive Big Small Not ±0.001% required Excellent Not required Excellent ±0.5% Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Characteristics and Types of CERALOCK® P17E.pdf 10.8.3 1 2. Types of CERALOCK® CERALOCK® (CSBLA Series) (Standard Products) Part Number 7.9 6 9.3 4.3 375–429 5.0 Numbering 7.0 5 LA 455K E C 8 ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ -B0 ❽ Non-Washable 3. 430–509 9.0 B E 5.0 ❾ ❶ Product ID ❷ Frequency/No capacitance built-in ❸ Structure/Size ❹ Nominal Center Frequency ❺ Type E : Area Expansion mode, J : Area Expansion mode (Closed Type) ❻ Frequency Tolerance 2 : ±0.2%, 3 : ±0.3%, 5 : ±0.5%, B : 1kHz, C : ±2kHz, Z : Others ❼ Load Capacitance Value ❽ Individual Specification With standard products, " ❽ individual Specification" is omitted, and " ❾ Package Specification Code" is carried up. ❾ Packaging –B0 : Bulk 3.5 CS 1 Dimensions (in mm) 3. CSBLA (Ex.) Frequency (kHz) 7.0 5 3. 510–699 9.0 ■ Part ■ Part Numbers and Dimensions of kHz Band 3.5 The CSBLA series uses are a vibration mode of the piezoelectric ceramic element. The dimensions of this element vary with frequency. The ceramic element is sealed in a plastic case and the size of the case also varies with the frequency band. Washable products are available in all the frequencies ; however, three standard products (375 to 699kHz) are also made in less expensive non-washable models. 5.0 CSBLA Washable* (Closed Type) 5.0 2 2. J 700–1250 2.5 3.5 6.0 kHz Band CERALOCK® (CSBLA Series) ∗Please consult Murata regarding ultrasonic cleaning conditions to avoid possible damage during ultrasonic cleaning. 3 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 1 Characteristics and Types of CERALOCK® MHz Band CERALOCK® with Built-in Load Capacitance (CSTLS Series) Built-in Load Capacitance (CSTLS Series) ■ Part Part Number Frequency Dimensions (in mm) 8.0 3.0 G 3.40–10.00MHz 5.5 CSTLS 3.5 As CSTLS series does not require externally mounted capacitors, the number of components can be reduced, allowing circuits to be made more compact. The table shows the frequency range and appearance of the three terminal CERALOCK® with built-in load capacitance. 2.5 2 .5 Numbering 5.5 CS T LS 4M00 G 5 3 ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ -A0 ❽ ❾ ❶ Product ID ❷ Frequency/Built-in Capacitance ❸ Structure/Size LS : Round Lead Type ❹ Nominal Center Frequency ❺ Type G : Thickness Shear vibration, X : Thickness Longitudinal Vibration (3rd overtone) ❻ Frequency Tolerance 1 : ±0.1%, 2 : ±0.2%, 3 : ±0.3%, 5 : ±0.5%, D : DTMF, Z : Others ❼ Built-in Load capacitance 1 : 5pF, 3 :15pF, 4 : 22pF, 5 : 30pF, 6 : 47pF ❽ Individual Specification With standard products, " ❽ individual Specification" is omitted, and " ❾ Package Specification Code" is carried up. ❾ Packaging –B0 : Bulk, –A0 : Radial Taping H0=18mm Ammo Pack (Standard) 4 CSTLS X 16.00–70.00MHz 3.5 (Ex.) 6.5 3.0 1 ■ Part Numbers and Dimensions of CERALOCK® with 2.5 2.5 ∗ 16.00−32.99MHz : 3.5 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Characteristics and Types of CERALOCK® Reflow Solderable kHz Band CERALOCK® (CSBFB Series) (CSBFB Series) Part Number *1 8 ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ ❽ 3.3 5.0 –R1 ❾ ❶ Product ID ❷ Frequency/No capacitance built-in ❸ Structure/Size ❹ Nominal Center Frequency ❺ Type J : Area Expansion mode (Closed type) ❻ Frequency Tolerance 2 : ±0.2%, 3 : ±0.3%, 5 : ±0.5%, B : ±1kHz, C : ±2kHz, Z : Others ❼ Load Capacitance Value ❽ Individual Specification With standard products, " ❽ individual Specification" is omitted, and " ❾ Package Specification Code" is carried up. ❾ Packaging –B0 : Bulk, –R1 : Plastic Taping φ330mm Reel Package 0 6. CSBFB 5.0 700–1250*2 J 2.3 5 0 J 2. 500K 2.5 0 FB 430–519 J 1 7.5 5 CSBFB B Dimensions (in mm) 8. Numbering CS Frequency (kHz) 2. (Ex.) 1 ■ Dimensions of Reflow Solderable CERALOCK® Reflow solderable kHz band CERALOCK® (CSBFB series) have been developed to meet down sizing and S.M.T. (Surface Mount Technology) requirements. ■ Part P17E.pdf 10.8.3 ∗1 Please consult Murata regarding ultrasonic cleaning conditions to avoid possible damage during Ultrasonic cleaning. ∗2 Not available for certain frequencies ■Dimensions of Carrier Tape for CSBFB Series (430 to 519kHz Type) 16.0±0.3 11.4±0.1 (3˚) (4.6 max.) 8.05±0.1 3.5±0.1 12.0±0.1 t0.3 The cover film peel strength force 0.1 to 0.7N The cover film peel speed 300mm/min. Cover Film 10˚ 7.5±0.1 ø1.5±0.1 13.3±0.1 2.0±0.1 1.75±0.1 4.0±0.1 Direction of Feed (in mm) • Different Dimensions of carrier tape in 700 to 1250kHz. 5 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 1 Characteristics and Types of CERALOCK® ■ Part (Ex.) Numbering CS T CR 4M00 G 5 3 ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ -R0 ❽ ❾ ❶ Product ID ❷ Frequency/No capacitance built-in A : No Capacitance Built-in, T : Built-in Capacitance ❸ Structure/Size CC/CR/CE : Cap Chip Type, CW : Monolithic Chip Type ❹ Nominal Center Frequency ❺ Type G : Thickness Shear Vibration, V : Thickness Longitudinal Vibration, X : Thickness Longitudinal Vibration (3rd overtone) ❻ Frequency Tolerance 1 : ±0.1%, 2 : ±0.2%, 3 : ±0.3%, 5 : ±0.5%, Z : Others ❼ Load Capacitance Value (In case of CSACW, value is for external capacitance of standard circuit) 1 : 5pF or 6pF, 2 : 10pF, 3 : 15pF, 5 : 33pF or 39pF, 6 : 47pF ❽ Individual Specification With standard products, " ❽ individual Specification" is omitted, and " ❾ Package Specification Code" is carried up. ❾ Packaging –B0 : Bulk, –R0 : Plastic Taping φ180mm Reel Package 6 CERALOCK® (CSACW Series) Frequency (MHz) Dimensions Standard Land Pattern (in mm) 2.5 1.0 2. 0 Part Number 0.5 X 20.01–70.00 0.5 2.0±0.2 CSACW 0.8 0.3 The MHz band Chip CERALOCK® has a wide frequency range and small footprint to meet further down sizing and high-density mounting requirements. The table shows the dimensions and two terminals standard land patterns of the CERALOCK® CSACW series. The second table shows the dimensions and three terminals standard land patterns of CSTCC/CSTCR/ CSTCE/CSTCW series chip resonator (built-in load capacitance type). And the carrier tape dimensions of CSTCR series are shown on the next page. ■ Dimensions and Standard Land Pattern of Chip 0.8 0.3 MHz Band Chip CERALOCK® (CSACW/CSTCC/ CSTCR/CSTCE/CSTCW Series) 1 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 ∗1 Thickness varies with frequency. 2.0 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 1 Characteristics and Types of CERALOCK® ■Dimensions of Carrier Tape for Chip CERALOCK® 4.0±0.1 2.5 The cover film peel strength force 0.1 to 0.7N The cover film peel speed 300mm/min. Cover Film 10˚ 2.5 (3˚) 0 12.0±0.2 4.5 1.2 2. G*2 W0.1 ø1.5Y0 2.2±0.1 1 Direction of Feed (in mm) 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 4.00–7.99 2.6 1.6 CSTCR 4.7±0.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.3±0.05 2.00–3.99 (3) (2) (1) 1.8 G*2 W0.1 ø1.5 Y0 2.0±0.05 7.2 3.8~4.4 CSTCC 4.0±0.1 (1.85 max.) 0 3. CSTCR Series 1.75±0.1 Dimensions Standard Land Pattern (in mm) (9.5) Frequency (MHz) 5.5±0.05 CERALOCK® (CSTCC/CSTCR/CSTCE/CSTCW Series) 1.25±0.05 ■ Dimensions and Standard Land Pattern of Chip Part Number P17E.pdf 10.8.3 0.4 1.5 3 0.4 3.2 0.8 1. 0.4 1.5 G*2 8.00–13.99 0.4 1.90 ~ 2.10 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.8 CSTCE 1.2 1.2 3 3.2 1.0 1. V*2 0.3 0.65 0.3 0.65 0.3 14.00–20.00 1.6 CSTCE 0.95 2.5 1.0 2. 0 0.95 20.01–70.00 2.00±0.2 X*2 0.8 0.3 CSTCW 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 ∗1 Thickness varies with frequency ∗2 Conformal coating or washing of the components is not acceptable because they are not hermetically sealed. 7 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. P17E.pdf 10.8.3 2 Principles of CERALOCK® 1. Equivalent Circuit Constants 2 Fig. 2-1 shows the symbol for a ceramic resonator. The impedance and phase characteristics measured between the terminals are shown in Fig. 2-2. This illustrates that the resonator becomes inductive in the frequency zone between the frequency Fr (resonant frequency), which provides the minimum impedance, and the frequency Fa (anti-resonant frequency), which provides the maximum impedance. It becomes capacitive in other frequency zones. This means that the mechanical vibration of a two terminal resonator can be replaced equivalently with a combination of series and parallel resonant circuits consisting of an inductor : L, a capacitor : C, and a resistor : R. In the vicinity of the specific frequency (Refer to Note 1 on page 10.), the equivalent circuit can be expressed as shown in Fig. 2-3. Fr and Fa frequencies are determined by the piezoelectric ceramic material and the physical parameters. The equivalent circuit constants can be determined from the following formulas. (Refer to Note 2 on page 10.) Fr=1/2� L1C1 Fa=1/2� L1C1C0/(C1+C0)=Fr 1+C1/C0 Qm=1/2�FrC1R1 (2-1) (2-2) Symbol Impedance between Two Terminals Z=R+jx (R : Real Component, X : Impedance Component) Phase φ =tan-1X/R Fig. 2-1 Symbol of the Two Terminal CERALOCK® 105 104 103 102 10 Fr Fa Frequency (kHz) 90 0 (2-3) (Qm : Mechanical Q) Considering the limited frequency range of Fr≦F≦Fa, the impedance is given as Z=Re+jω Le (Le≧0) as shown in Fig. 2-4, and CERALOCK® should work as an inductance Le (H) having the loss Re (Ω). -90 Fig. 2-2 Impedance and Phase Characteristics of CERALOCK® L1 C1 R1 C0 R1 : Equivalent Resistance L1 : Equivalent Inductance C1 : Equivalent Capacitance C0 : Parallel Equivalent Capacitance Fig. 2-3 Electrical Equivalent Circuit of CERALOCK® Re Le Re : Effective Resistance Le : Effective Inductance Fig. 2-4 Equivalent Circuit of CERALOCK® in the Frequency Band Fr≦F≦Fa 8 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our P17E.pdf 10.8.3 sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Principles of CERALOCK® The table on this page shows comparison for the equivalent constants between CERALOCK® and quartz crystal oscillator. In comparison, there is a large difference in capacitance and Qm, which results in the difference of oscillating conditions, when actually operated. The table in the appendix shows the standard values of equivalent circuit constant for each type of CERALOCK®. Furthermore, other higher harmonic modes exist, other than the desired oscillation mode. These other oscillation modes exist because the ceramic resonator uses mechanical resonance. Fig. 2-5 shows those characteristics. 2 CSBLA455KC8–B0 1M 100k Main Vibration 10k Thickness Vibration 2 1k 100 10 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Frequency (MHz) CSTLS4M00G53–B0 1M Main Vibration 100k 10k 3rd Vibration 1k 100 10 1 0 10 20 30 40 Frequency (MHz) Fig. 2-5 Spurious Characteristics of CERALOCK® ■ Comparison of Equivalent Circuits of CERALOCK® and Crystal Oscillator Resonator Oscillation Frequency C1 (pF) C0 (pF) R1 (Ω) Qm 7.68×103 16.7 272.8 10.1 2136 13 2.00MHz 1.71×10 3 4.0 20.8 43.9 475 177.2 4.00MHz 0.46×103 3.8 19.8 9.0 1220 350.9 3.5 19.9 775 641.6 23000 0.6 455kHz CERALOCK® Crystal L1 (μH) dF (kHz) 8.00MHz 0.13×10 453.5kHz 8.60×106 0.015 5.15 2.457MHz 7.20×10 5 0.005 2.39 37.0 298869 3 4.00MHz 2.10×10 5 0.007 2.39 22.1 240986 6 8.00MHz 1.40×10 4 0.027 5.57 8.0 88677 19 3 8.0 1060 9 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 2 Principles of CERALOCK® 2 Notes (Note 1) The relationship between the size of the resonator and the resonant frequency is described as follows. For example, the frequency doubles if the thickness doubles, when thickness vibration is used. The following relationship is obtained when the length of the resonators is ℓ, the resonance frequency is Fr, the speed of sound waves travelling through piezoelectric ceramics, and the wavelength is λ. Fr. ℓ = Const. (frequency constant, Fr.t for the thickness) λ=2ℓ C = Fr.λ = 2Fr. ℓ As seen in the above formula, the frequency constant determines the size of the resonator. (Note 2) In Fig. 2-3, when resistance R1 is omitted for simplification, the impedance Z (ω) between two terminals is expressed by the following formula. 1 ( jωL1+ 1 ) jωC0 jωC1 Z (ω) = 1 + ( jωL1+ 1 ) jωC0 jωC1 = j ( ωL1 – 1 + C0 – ω2 C0L1 C1 When ω = 1 = ωr, Z (ωr) =0 L1C1 When ω = 1 = ωa, Z (ωa) = ∞ C0C1L1/(C0+C1) Therefore from ω =2�F, Fr = ωr/2� = 2� Fa = ωa/2� = Amplitude Range of Standing Wave (Min.Amplitude) (Max.Amplitude) Fig. Ⅰ 10 1 ) ωC1 2� 1 L 1C 1 1 = Fr C0C1L1/(C0+C1) L1 C1 C0 Fig. Ⅱ 1+ C1 C0 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Principles of CERALOCK® P17E.pdf 10.8.3 2 2. Basic Oscillation Circuits Generally, basic oscillation circuits can be grouped into the following 3 categories. ① Use of positive feedback ② Use of negative resistance element ③ Use of delay in transfer time or phase In the case of ceramic resonators, quarts crystal oscillators, and LC oscillators, positive feedback is the circuit of choice. Among the positive feedback oscillation circuit using an LC, the tuning type anti-coupling oscillation circuit, Colpitts and Hartley circuits are typically used. See Fig. 2-6. In Fig. 2-6, a transistor, which is the most basic amplifier, is used. The oscillation frequencies are approximately the same as the resonance frequency of the circuit consisting of L, CL1 and CL2 in the Colpitts circuit or consisting of L1 and L2 in the Hartley circuit. These frequencies can be represented by the following formulas. (Refer to Note 3 on page 13.) (Colpitts Circuit) 1 fosc. = CL1 · CL2 CL1 + CL2 (Hartley Circuit) 1 fosc. = (2-4) CL1 L2 L1 CL2 L 2 C Colpitts Circuit Hartley Circuit Fig. 2-6 Basic Configuration of LC Oscillation Circuit Amplifier 1 Feedback Circuit Feedback Ratio : Phase Shift : 2 Oscillation Conditions Loop Gain G=α · β ≧ 1 Phase Shift θ = θ 1+ θ 2=360°×n Fig. 2-7 Principle of Oscillation (2-5) In an LC network, the inductor is replaced by a ceramic resonator, taking advantage of the fact that the resonator becomes inductive between resonant and antiresonant frequencies. This is most commonly used in the Colpitts circuit. The operating principle of these oscillation circuits can be seen in Fig. 2-7. Oscillation occurs when the following conditions are satisfied. Loop Gain G = α・β ≧ 1 Phase Amount (2-6) θ = θ 1 + θ 2 = 360°×n (n = 1, 2,…) In Colpitts circuit, an inverter of θ 1 = 180° is used, and it is inverted more than θ 2 = 180° with L and C in the feedback circuit. The operation with a ceramic resonator can be considered the same. 11 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 2 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 Principles of CERALOCK® It is general and simple to utilize inverter for Colpitts circuit with CERALOCK®. Fig. 2-8 shows the basic oscillation circuit with inverter. In open loop circuit by cutting at Ⓐ point, it is possible to measure loop gain G and phase shift θ . Fig. 2-9 shows the actual measuring circuit, and the example of measuring result is shown in Fig. 2-10. Rf A CERALOCK® CL1 2 CL2 Fig. 2-8 Basic Oscillation Circuit with inverters IC CERALOCK® Rf Vector Volt Meter C2 C1 Vin S.S.G Loop Gain : G= α · β Phase Shift : θ 1+ θ 2 Fig. 2-9 Measuring Circuit Network of Loop Gain and Phase Shift 40 180 30 Phase (Oscillation) 90 Gain 10 0 0 -10 -20 Phase (deg.) Loop Gain (dB) 20 -90 -30 -40 3.80 3.90 4.00 Frequency (MHz) 4.10 4.20 40 -180 CERALOCK® CSTLS4M00G53–B0 VDD=+5V CL1=CL2=15pF IC : TC4069UBP　　 　　(TOSHIBA) 180 Phase (No Oscillation) 0 0 Phase (deg.) Loop Gain (dB) 90 Gain -90 -40 3.80 3.90 4.00 Frequency (MHz) 4.10 4.20 -180 CERALOCK® CSTLS4M00G53–B0 VDD=+2V CL1=CL2=15pF IC : TC4069UBP　　 　　(TOSHIBA) Fig. 2-10 Measured Results of Loop Gain and Phase Shift 12 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Principles of CERALOCK® P17E.pdf 10.8.3 2 2 Notes (Note 3) Fig. Ⅲ shows the equivalent circuit of an emitter grounding type transistor circuit. In the figure, Ri stands for input impedance, R0 stands for output impedance and ß stands for current amplification rate. When the oscillation circuit in Fig. 2-6 is expressed by using the equivalent circuit in Fig. Ⅲ , it becomes like Fig. Ⅳ . Z1, Z2 and Z are as shown in the table for each Hartley type and Colpitts type circuit. The following 3 formulas are obtained based on Fig. Ⅳ. R + R0 1 Z R0 R + R0 1 Then, as Z1, Z2 and Z are all imaginary numbers, the following conditional formula is obtained by dividing the formula (4) into the real number part and the imaginary number part. Formula (5) represents the phase condition and formula (6) represents the power condition. Oscillation frequency can be obtained by applying the elements shown in the aforementioned table to Z1 Z2 and Z solving it for angular frequency ω . (Hartley Type) 1 L1 · L2 (L1L2) C{1+ } (L1 + L2) CR R0 Fig. Ⅲ 1 2 βR0Z1Z2=(Z1+Ri)Z2 –{Z1(Z2+Z)+ R0Z1Z2=(Z2+Z+Z1)Ri}(Z2+R0) 　　 ………… (4) (Imaginary number part) Z1Z2Z+(Z1+Z2+Z)RiR0=0 　　 ………… (5) (Real number part) βR0Z1Z2+Z1(Z+Z2)R0+ Z2(Z+Z1)Ri=0　　　　 ………………… (6) R0 1 As i1 ≠ 0, i2 ≠ 0, i3 ≠ 0 are required for continuous oscillation, the following conditional formula can be performed by solving the formulas of (1), (2) and (3) on the current. 2 3 Z2 1 Z1 Hartley Type Colpitts Type Z1 jωL1 1 / jωCL1 Z2 jωL2 1 / jωCL2 Z 1 / jωC jωL Fig. Ⅳ Hartley/Colpitts Type LC Oscillation Circuits β R0i1+(R0+Z2) i2–Z2i3=0 …………………… (1) Z1i1+Z2i2–(Z2+Z+Z1) i3=0 …………………… (2) (Z1+Ri) i1–Z1i3=0 …………………………… (3) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ………… (7) (Colpitts Type) 1 L · {1+ } (CL1+CL2) R R0 L1·CL2 C L CL1+CL2 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ………… (8) In either circuit, the term in brackets will be 1 as long as Ri and R0 is large enough. Therefore oscillation frequency can be obtained by the following formula. 1 (Hartley Type) fosc. = 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 …… (9) 1 (Colpitts Type) fosc. = C L1· CL2 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　… (10) CL1+CL2 13 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. P17E.pdf 10.8.3 3 Specifications of CERALOCK® 1. Electrical Specifications 3 The frequency stability of CERALOCK® is between that of crystal and LC or RC oscillators. Temperature stability is ±0.3 to ±0.5% against initial values within -20 to +80°C. The initial frequency precision is ±0.5% for standard products. The frequency of the standard CERALOCK® is adjusted by the standard measuring circuit, but the oscillation frequency may shift when used in the actual IC circuit. Usually, if the frequency precision needed for clock signal of a 1 chip microcomputer is approximately ±2 to 3% under working conditions, CERALOCK® standard type can be used in most cases. If exact oscillation frequency is required for a special purpose, Murata can manufacture the ceramic resonator for the desired frequency. The following are the general electrical specifications of CERALOCK®. (As for the standard measuring circuit of oscillation frequency, please refer to the next chapter “Application to Typical Oscillation Circuits”.) ■Resonant Impedance Specifications of CSBLA Series Electrical Specifications of kHz Band CSBLA Series Electrical specifications of CSBLA series are shown in the tables. The value of load capacitance (CL1, CL2) and damping resistance (Rd) depend on the frequency. (The initial frequency tolerance of standard CSBLA□ J type is ±0.5% max.) Frequency Range (kHz) Resonant Impedance (Ω max.) 0375–0450 120 0451–0504 130 0505–0799 140 0800–0899 160 0900–1099 100 1100–1250 120 ■Frequency Specifications of CSBLA Series Item Frequency (kHz) Part Number Initial Tolerance of Oscillation Frequency Temperature Stability of Oscillation Frequency (-20 to +80°C) Oscillating Frequency Aging Standard Circuit for Oscillation Frequency VDD CSBLA Series 375–699 ±2kHz ±0.3% (with MOS IC/ H–CMOS IC) 14 IC 700–1250 ±0.5% IC ±0.3% Rd CL1 X CL2 IC : CD4069UBE(RCA) IC : (MOS) IC : TC74HCU04(TOSHIBA) IC : (H-CMOS) VDD : +5V X : CERALOCK® CL1, CL2, Rd : Depends on frequency :(cf. Fig. 4-2, 4-3) Output Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Specifications of CERALOCK® P17E.pdf 10.8.3 3 ■Resonant Impedance Specifications of Electrical Specifications of MHz Band Lead CERALOCK® (CSTLS Series) CSTLS/ Series Electrical specifications of CSTLS series are shown in the tables. Please note that oscillation frequency measuring circuit constants of the CSTLS □G56 series (with H-CMOS IC) depends on frequency. Type Frequency Range (MHz) Resonant Impedance (Ω max.) CSTLS□G CSTLS □X MHz band three terminal CERALOCK® (CSTLS Series) is built-in load capacitance. Fig. 3-1 shows the electrical equivalent circuit. The table shows the general specifications of the CSTLS series. Input and output terminals of the three terminal CERALOCK® are shown in the table titled Dimensions of CERALOCK® CSTLS series in Chapter 1 on page 6. But connecting reverse, the oscillating characteristics are not affected except that the frequency has slight lag. 13.40 — 03.99 150 14.00 — 07.99 130 18.00 — 10.00 125 16.00 — 32.99 150 33.00 — 60.00 140 60.01 — 70.00 150 3 CSTLS Series Fig. 3-1 Symbol of the Three Terminal CERALOCK® ■ General Specifications CSTLS Series Item Part Number Frequency Range (MHz) Initial Tolerance Temperature Stability of Oscillation Of Oscillation Frequency Frequency (-20 to +80°C) Oscillating Frequency Aging Standard Circuit for Oscillation Frequency VDD CSTLS□G53/56 03.40—10.00 ±0.5% ±0.2%*1 ±0.2% IC IC X Rd (1) CSTLS□ X 16.00—70.00 ±0.5% ±0.2% ±0.2% (3) C1 Output C2 (2) IC : TC4069UBP*3 VDD : +5V X : CERALOCK® Rd : 680Ω*4 ∗1 This value varies for built-in Capacitance ∗2 If connected conversely, there may occur a little frequency lag. ∗3 G56/X series : TC74HCU04(TOSHIBA), CSTLS series (50.00–70.00MHz) : SN74AHCU04(TI) ∗4 This resistance value applies to the CSTLS□G56 series. 15 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 3 Specifications of CERALOCK® Electrical Specifications of MHz Band Chip CERALOCK® (CSACW Series) (CSTCC/CSTCR/ CSTCE/CSTCW Series) ■Resonant Impedance of CSTCC/CSTCR/CSTCE/ CST(A)CW Series Type General specifications of chip CERALOCK® (CSACW series) (CSTCC/CSTCR/CSTCE/CSTCW series) are shown in the tables respectively. CSTCC□G CSTCR□G CSTCE□G CSTCE□V 3 CSACW□X/CSTCW□X Frequency Range (MHz) Resonant Impedance (Ω max.) 02.00—02.99 80 03.00—03.99 50 04.00—05.99 60 06.00—07.99 50 08.00—10.00 40 10.01—13.99 30 14.00—20.00 40 20.01—24.99 80 25.00—29.99 60 30.00—60.00 50 60.01—70.00 60 ■General Specifications of CSACW Series Item Part Number Frequency Range (MHz) Initial Tolerance of Oscillation Frequency Temperature Stability of Oscillation Frequency (-20 to +80°C) Oscillating Frequency Aging Standard Circuit for Oscillation Frequency VDD IC IC ±0.5% 20.01—24.99 CSACW□ X53 ±0.1% ±0.2% Output X CL1 ±0.5% 25.00—70.00 CSACW□ X51 ±0.2% CL2 ±0.1% IC : TC74HCU04*(TOSHIBA) VDD : +5V X : Chip CERALOCK® CL1, CL2 : This value varies for frequency. Standard Circuit for Oscillation Frequency ∗ X51 Series (50.00—70.00MHz); SN74AHCU04 ■General Specifications of CSTCC/CSTCR/CSTCE/CSTCW Series Item Part Number CSTCC□G Frequency Range (MHz) 2.00—03.99 Initial Tolerance of Oscillation Frequency Temperature Stability of Oscillation Frequency (-20 to +80°C) Oscillating Frequency Aging ±0.5% ±0.3%*3 ±0.3% VDD IC CSTCR□G 4.00—07.99 ±0.5% ±0.2% IC ±0.1% CSTCE□G 8.00—13.99 ±0.5% ±0.2% ±0.1% (1) (3) C1 CSTCE□V CSTCW□X 14.00—20.00 20.01—70.00 ±0.5% ±0.5% ±0.3% ±0.2% ∗1 V, X Series;TC74HCU04(TOSHIBA), X Series (50.00—70.00MHz); SN74AHCU04(TI) ∗2 If connected with wrong direction, above specification may not be guaranteed. ∗3 This value varies for built-in Capacitance and Frequency. Output *2 X 16 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 C2 (2) ±0.3% ±0.1% IC : TC4069UBP*1(TOSHIBA) VDD : +5V X : Chip CERALOCK® Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Specifications of CERALOCK® P17E.pdf 10.8.3 3 2. Mechanical and Environmental Specifications of CERALOCK® The tables show the standard test conditions of mechanical strength and environmental specifications of CERALOCK®. Fig. 3-2 shows the changes of oscillation frequency in each test, the table on the next page shows the criteria after the tests, and Fig. 3-3 shows the reflow soldering profile. ■ Test Conditions for Standard Reliability of CERALOCK® Item Conditions a b 3 1. Shock Resistance Measure after dropping from a height of 2. Soldering Heat Resistance Lead terminals are immersed up to 2.0 mm from the resonator's body in solder bath of c , and then the resonator shall be measured after being placed in natural condition for 1 hour.*1 Reflow profile show in Fig. 3-5 of heat stress is applied to the resonator, then being placed in natural condition for 1 hour, the resonator shall be measured.*2 3. Vibration Resistance Measure after applying vibration of 10 to 55Hz amplitude of 2 mm to each of 3 directions, X, Y, Z. 4. Humidity Resistance Keep in a chamber with temperature of 5. Storage at High Temperature Keep in a chamber at 85±2°C for 6. Storage at Low Temperature Keep in a chamber at 7. Temperature Cycling Keep in a chamber at -55°C for 30 minutes. After leaving at room temperature for 15 minutes, keep in a chamber at +85°C for 30 minutes, and then room temperature for 15 minutes. After 10 cycles of above, measure at room temperature. 8. Terminal Strength Apply 1 kg of static load vertically to each terminal and measure. f °C for e d cm to floor surface 3 times. and humidity of 90 to 95% for e hours. Leave for 1 hour before measurement. hours. Leave for 1 hour before measurement. e hours. Leave for 1 hour before measurement. ∗1 Applies to CERALOCK Lead Type ∗2 Applies to MHz Band Chip CERALOCK® ® 1. CSBLA Series Type fosc. a b c d e f J 700—1250kHz 100 concrete 350±10°C 60±2°C 1000 −55±2°C E 375—0699kHz 075 concrete 350±10°C 40±2°C 0500 −25±2°C Type fosc. a b c d e f G 03.40—10.00MHz 100 concrete 350±10°C 60±2°C 1000 −55±2°C X 16.00—70.00MHz 100 concrete 350±10°C 60±2°C 1000 −55±2°C 2. CSTLS Series 3. CSACW Series Type fosc. a b c d e f X 20.01—70.00MHz 100 wooden plate — 60±2°C 1000 −55±2°C 4. CSTCC/CSTCR/CSTCE/CSTCW Series Type fosc. a b c d e f G 02.00—13.99MHz 100 wooden plate — 60±2°C 1000 −55±2°C V 14.00—20.00MHz 100 wooden plate — 60±2°C 1000 −55±2°C X 20.01—70.00MHz 100 wooden plate — 60±2°C 1000 −55±2°C 17 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 3 Specifications of CERALOCK® (%) 0.1 1. Shock Resistance (%) 0.1 0.05 fosc. 0 0.05 before test after test fosc. 0 (%) 0.1 3. Vibration Resistance (%) 0.1 0.05 before test after test fosc. 0 before test fosc. 0 after test 100 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 5. Storage at High Temperature 6. Storage at Low Temperature 0.05 0.05 fosc. 0 (%) 0.1 100 1000 (time) fosc. 0 (%) 0.1 7. Temperature Cycling (%) 0.1 0.05 100 1000 (time) fosc. 0 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 4. Humidity Resistance 0.05 -0.05 (%) 0.1 3 2. Solder Heat Resistance 1000 (time) 8. Terminal Strength 0.05 25 50 100 fosc. 0 (cycle) before test after test -0.05 -0.1 Fig. 3-2 General Changes of Oscillation Frequency in Each Reliability Test (CSTLS4M00G53–B0) Item Type Oscillation Frequency Others within±0.2%* (from initial value) Meets the individual specification of each product. Every Series ∗ CSTCC Series : within±0.3% Temperature (°C) ■Deviation after Reliability Test Peak 260 245 220 180 150 Heating (220°C min.) Pre-heating (150 to 180°C) 60 to 120s Gradual Cooling 30 to 60s Fig. 3-3 Reflow Soldering Profile for MHz Band Chip CERALOCK® 18 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. P17E.pdf 10.8.3 4 Applications of Typical Oscillation Circuits As described in Chapter 2, the most common oscillation circuit with CERALOCK® is to replace L of a Colpitts circuit with CERALOCK®. The design of the circuit varies with the application and the IC being used, etc. Although the basic configuration of the circuit is the same as that of a quartz crystal, the difference in mechanical Q results in the difference of the circuit constant. This chapter briefly describes the characteristics of the oscillation circuit and gives some typical examples. 1. Cautions for Designing Oscillation Circuits It is becoming more common to configure the oscillation circuit with a digital IC, and the simplest way to use an inverter gate. Fig. 4-1 shows the configuration of a basic oscillation circuit with a C-MOS inverter. INV. 1 works as an inverter amplifier of the oscillation circuit. INV. 2 acts to shape the waveform and also acts as a buffer for the connection of a frequency counter. The feedback resistance Rf provides negative feedback around the inverter in order to put it in the linear region, so the oscillation will start, when power is applied. If the value of Rf is too large, and if the insulation resistance of the input inverter is accidentally decreased, oscillation will stop due to the loss of loop gain. Also, if Rf is too great, noise from other circuits can be introduced into the oscillation circuit. Obviously, if Rf is too small, loop gain will be low. An Rf of 1MΩ is generally used with a ceramic resonator. Damping resistor Rd provides loose coupling between the inverter and the feedback circuit and decreases the loading on the inverter, thus saving energy. In addition, the damping resistor stabilizes the phase of the feedback circuit and provides a means of reducing the gain in the high frequency area, thus preventing the possibility of spurious oscillation. Load capacitance CL1 and CL2 provide the phase lag of 180°. The proper selected value depends on the application, the IC used, and the frequency. If CL1 and CL2 values are too low, the loop gain in the high frequency is increased, which in turn increases the probability of spurious oscillation. This is particularly likely around 4 to 5 MHz, where the thickness vibration mode lies, as shown in Fig. 2-5 when using kHz band resonator. VDD INV.1 INV.2 IC IC 4 Output Rd CL1 X CL2 IC : 1/6CD4069UBE(RCA) X : CERALOCK® CL1, CL2 : External Capacitance Rd : Dumping Resistor Fig. 4-1 Basic Oscillation Circuit with C-MOS Inverter 19 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 4 Application to Typical Oscillation Circuit Oscillation frequency fosc. in this circuit is expressed approximately by the following equation. fosc.=Fr 4 C1 C0+CL 1+ (4-1) Where, Fr=Resonance frequency of CERALOCK® Where, C1 : Equivalent series capacitance of Where, C1 : CERALOCK® Where, C0 : Equivalent parallel capacitance of Where, C1 : CERALOCK® Where, CL1 CL2 CL= Where, = L= CL1+CL2 This clearly shows that the oscillation frequency is influenced by the loading capacitance. And caution should be paid in defining its value when a tight tolerance of oscillation frequency is required. 2. Application to Various Oscillation Circuits Application to C-MOS Inverter For the C-MOS inverting amplifier, the one-stage 4069 C-MOS group is best suited. The C-MOS 4049 type is not used, because the threestage buffer type has excessive gain, which causes RC oscillation and ringing. Murata employs the RCA (HARRIS) CD4069UBE as a C-MOS standard circuit. This circuit is shown in Fig. 4-2. The oscillation frequency of the standard CERALOCK® (C-MOS specifications) is adjusted by the circuit in Fig. 4-2. VDD Item 14 Part Number 1 2 3 4 CL1 CSBLA Series CL2 VDD 375—0429kHz 7 Rf CERALOCK® Rd Frequency Rage 430—0699kHz 1+5V 700—1250kHz Output CSTLS□G53 03.40—10.00MHz 1+5V ∗CSTLS□G53 series : TC4069UBP(TOSHIBA) Fig. 4-2 C-MOS Standard Circuit 20 Circuit Constant CL1 CL2 120pF 470pF 1MΩ Rf Rd 0 100pF 100pF 1MΩ 0 100pF 100pF 1MΩ 5.6kΩ (15pF) (15pF) 1MΩ 0 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Application to Typical Oscillation Circuit P17E.pdf 10.8.3 4 Application to H-MOS Inverter Recently, high speed C-MOS (H-CMOS) have been used more frequently for oscillation circuits allowing high speed and energy saving control for the microprocessor. There are two types of H-CMOS inverters: the unbuffered 74HCU series and the 74HC series with buffers. The 74HCU system is optimum for the CERALOCK® oscillation circuit. Fig. 4-3 shows our standard H-CMOS circuit. Since H-CMOS has high gain, especially in the high frequency area, greater loading capacitor (CL) and damping resistor (Rd) should be employed to stabilize oscillation performance. As a standard circuit, we recommend Toshiba's TC74CU04, but any 74HCU04 inverter from other manufacturers may be used. The oscillation frequency for H-CMOS specifications is adjusted by the circuit in Fig. 4-3. VDD (+5V) Item Part Number 14 1 2 3 4 7 CSBLA□E (J) Rf CERALOCK® Rd CL1 Output CL2 CSTLS□G56 4 Frequency Rage Circuit Constant CL1 CL2 Rf Rd 0375~0429kHz 330pF 330pF 1MΩ 5.6kΩ 0430~0699kHz 220pF 220pF 1MΩ 5.6kΩ 0700~0999kHz 150pF 150pF 1MΩ 5.6kΩ 1000~1250kHz 100pF 100pF 1MΩ 5.6kΩ 03.40~10.00MHz (47pF) (47pF) 1MΩ 680Ω ∗ 50.00—70.00MHz : SN74AHCU04(TI) Fig. 4-3 H-CMOS Standard Circuit 21 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. P17E.pdf 10.8.3 5 Characteristics of CERALOCK® Oscillation Circuit This chapter describes the general characteristics of the basic oscillation of Fig. 4-1 (page. 19). Contact Murata for detailed characteristics of oscillation with specific kinds of ICs and LSIs. 1. Stability of Oscillation Frequency Fig. 5-1 shows examples of actual measurements for stability of the oscillation frequency. The stability versus temperature change is ±0.1 to 0.5% within a range of -20 to +80°C, although varies slightly depending on the ceramic material. Influence of load capacitance (CL1, CL2) on the oscillation frequency is relatively high, as seen in formula (4-1) (P.20). It varies approximately ±0.05% for a capacitance deviation of ±10%. The stability versus supply voltage is normally within ±0.05% in the working voltage range, although it varies with the characteristics of the IC. Temperature Characteristics Oscillating Frequency Shift (%) +0.50 +0.25 Max. Min. 0 -40 0 40 80 120 Temperature (℃) -0.25 -0.50 CL2 (CL1 = Constant) Characteristics VDD = +5V CL1 = 6pF Const. 0 0 1 2 CL (CL1 = CL2) Characteristics +0.50 4 VDD = +5V 6 8 VDD (V) -0.25 Starting Voltage CL1 (CL2 = Constant) Characteristics VDD = +5V CL2 = 6pF Const. 10 CL2/CL1 -0.50 Oscillating Frequency Shift (%) 0 +0.50 -0.25 +0.25 0 0 1 10 CL1/CL2 -0.25 -0.50 +0.25 0 +0.25 -0.50 +0.25 Oscillating Frequency Shift (%) Oscillating Frequency Shift (%) +0.50 Supply Voltage Characteristics +0.50 VDD = +5V Oscillating Frequency Shift (%) 5 0 1 10 100 CL (pF) -0.25 -0.50 Fig. 5-1 Examples of Actual Measurement for the Stability of Oscillation Frequency (IC: TC74HCU04(TOSHIBA), CERALOCK®: CSACW33M8X51–B0) 22 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our P17E.pdf 10.8.3 sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Characteristics of CERALOCK® Oscillation Circuit 5 2. Characteristics of the Oscillation Level Fig. 5-2 shows examples of actual measurements of the oscillation level versus temperature, supply voltage and load capacitance (CL1, CL2). The oscillating amplitude is required to be stable over a wide temperature range, and temperature characteristics should be as flat as possible. The graph titled Supply Voltage Characteristics in Fig. 5-2 shows that the amplitude varies linearly with supply voltage, unless the IC has an internal power supply voltage regulator. Temperature Characteristics of Oscillating Voltage V1H 4 3 2 1 V1L 0 -40 -1 0 40 80 +9.0 V2H +8.0 Oscillating Level (V) 5 Oscillating Level (V) Oscillating Voltage vs VDD Characteristics VDD = +5V V2H 6 +7.0 V1H +6.0 +5.0 +4.0 +3.0 +2.0 2 CL2 (CL1 = Constant) Characteristics +7.0 V1H V2H VDD = +5V CL2 = 6pF Const. +6.0 V2H +5.0 Oscillating Level (V) Oscillating Level (V) 6 V2L 8 VDD (V) CL1 (CL2 = Constant) Characteristics +5.0 +4.0 +3.0 +2.0 +1.0 0 4 +7.0 VDD = +5V CL1 = 6pF Const. +6.0 5 V1L +1.0 0 -1.0 120 V2L Temperature (℃) V1H +4.0 +3.0 +2.0 V1L +1.0 1 0 V2L V1L -1.0 0 10 CL2/CL1 0 1 V2L 10 CL1/CL2 -1.0 CL (CL1 = CL2) Characteristics +7.0 VDD = +5V +6.0 V2H V1H Oscillating Level (V) +5.0 +4.0 +3.0 +2.0 +1.0 0 0 1 10 V1L V2L 100 CL (pF) -1.0 Fig. 5-2 Examples of Actual Measurement of Oscillating Amplitude (IC: TC74HCU04(TOSHIBA), CERALOCK®: CSACW33M8X51–B0) 23 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our P17E.pdf 10.8.3 sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 5 Characteristics of CERALOCK® Oscillation Circuit 3. Characteristics of Oscillation Rise Time ON Supply Voltage Characteristics Rise Time (ms) 1.00 0.50 0 2 4 6 VDD (V) 8 CL (CL1 = CL2) Characteristics 1.00 VDD = +5V VDD Rise Time (ms) 5 Oscillation rise time means the time when oscillation develops from a transient area to a steady state condition, at the time the power of the IC is activated. With a CERALOCK®, this is defined as the time to reach 90% of the oscillation level under steady state conditions as shown in Fig. 5-3. Rise time is primarily a function of the oscillation circuit design. Generally, smaller loading capacitance, higher frequency of ceramic resonator, and lower mechanical Q of ceramic resonator cause a faster rise time. The effect of load capacitance becomes more apparent as the capacitance of the resonator decreases. Fig. 5-4 shows how the rise time increases as the load capacitance of the resonator increases. Also, Fig. 5-4 shows how the rise time varies with supply voltage. It is noteworthy that the rise time of the ceramic resistor is one or two decades faster than a quartz crystal. Fig. 5-5 shows comparison of rise time between the two. 0V 0.9ⅹVp-p 0.50 Vp-p t=0 Rise Time Time Fig. 5-3 Definition of Rise Time 0 0 1 10 CL (pF) 100 Fig. 5-4 Examples of Characteristics of Oscillation Rise Time (IC: TC74HCU04(TOSHIBA), CERALOCK®: CSACW33M8X51–B0) CRYSTAL (33.868MHz) CSACW33M8X51–B0 IC : TC74HCU04AP(TOSHIBA) VDD=+5V, CL1=CL2=6pF ↑ 2.0V/div. →0.1msec./div. Fig. 5-5 Comparison of the Rise Time of a Ceramic Resonator vs. a Quartz Crystal 24 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our P17E.pdf 10.8.3 sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Characteristics of CERALOCK® Oscillation Circuit 5 4. Starting Voltage 5.0 VDD = +5V 4.0 Starting Voltage (V) Starting voltage means the minimum supply voltage at which an oscillation circuit can operate. Starting voltage is affected by all the circuit elements, but it is determined mostly by the characteristics of the IC. Fig. 5-6 shows an example of an actual measurement for the starting voltage characteristics against the loading capacitance. 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 0 1 10 CL (pF) 100 Fig. 5-6 Starting Voltage Characteristics against CL (CL1=CL2) (IC: TC74HCU04(TOSHIBA), CERALOCK®: CSACW33M8X51–B0) 25 5 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. P17E.pdf 10.8.3 6 Application Circuits to Various ICs/LSIs CERALOCK®, by making good use of the above mentioned features, is used in a wide range of applications to various kinds of ICs. The following are a few examples of actual applications. 1. Application to Microcomputers CERALOCK® is optimum for a stable oscillation element for various kinds of microcomputers : 4-bit, 8-bit and 16-bit. With the general frequency tolerance required for the reference clock of microcomputers at ±2 to ±3%, standard CERALOCK® meets this requirement. Please consult with MURATA or LSI manufacturers about the circuit constants, because these constants vary with frequency and the LSI circuit being used. Fig. 6-1 to 6-5 show applications to various kinds of 4-bit microcomputers, Fig. 6-6 to 6-8 show application to 8-bit microcomputers, and Fig. 6-9 to 6-10 show application to 16bit and 32bit microcomputers. VDD (+5V) 4, 12 IC : MN15G1601 8 13 9 CSTLS4M00G56–B0 C1 C1=47pF C2=47pF C2 Fig. 6-1 Application to MN15G1601 (Panasonic) VDD (+5V) 6 28 IC : TMP47C443N 2 3-27 1 CSTCR4M00G53–R0 C1 C2 C1=15pF C2=15pF Fig. 6-2 Application to TMP47C443N (TOSHIBA) VDD (+5V) 25 IC : M34524MC–xxxFP 22 23 L CSTCR4M00G53–R0 C1 C2 C1=15pF C2=15pF L : 21, 24, 28, 29 Fig. 6-3 Application to M34524MC-xxxFP (Renesas Electronics) 26 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our P17E.pdf 10.8.3 sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Application Circuits to Various ICs/LSIs 6 VDD (+5V) VDD (+5V) 10, 24, 25 36 21, 24 IC : PD753108 22 23 41 L 40 CSTLS4M00G56–B0 C1 CSTCE8M00G52-R0 C1=47pF C2=47pF L : 2, 3, 4, 9, 18, 19 C2 Fig. 6-4 Application to µPD753108 (Renesas Electronics) VDD (+5V) 10 C1 C1=10pF C2=10pF C2 Fig. 6-7 Application to µPD780032A (Renesas Electronics) VDD (+5V) 57 27,28 IC : M38039MF-xxxFP IC : LC65F1156A 8 22 L 9 23 C1=47pF C2=47pF L : 1–7, 16–20, 25, 26, 29, 30 C2 Fig. 6-5 Application to LC65F1156A (SANYO) VDD (+5V) 10 C1 C2 C1=15pF C2=15pF 6 Fig. 6-8 Application to M38039MF-xxxFP (Renesas Electronics) VDD (+5V) H 27,28 IC : HD64F2268 IC : LC65F1156A 8 65 L 9 63 C2 L CSTCE12M0G52-R0 CSTLS4M00G56–B0 C1 18, 19, 24, 58, 59 CSTLS8M00G53–B0 CSTLS4M00G56–B0 C1 9, 25, 42 C1=47pF C2=47pF L : 1–7, 16–20, 25, 26, 29, 30 Fig. 6-6 Application to TMP87C809BN (TOSHIBA) C1 C2 C1=10pF C2=10pF H : 12, 54, 57, 61, 62 L : 14, 42, 60, 64 Fig. 6-9 Application to HD64F2268 (Renesas Electronics) 27 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 6 Application Circuits to Various ICs/LSIs VDD (+5V) H 16 54 56 IC : M30221M4-xxxFP 22 20 L CSTCE10M0G52-R0 C1 C2 C1=10pF C2=10pF H : 20, 51, 52, 76, 120 L : 13, 18, 49, 50, 53, 55, 78, 117 RESET : 16 Fig. 6-10 Application to M30221M4-xxxFP (Renesas Electronics) 6 28 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. Application Circuits to Various ICs/LSIs P17E.pdf 10.8.3 6 2. Application to Remote Control ICs Remote controllers have become an increasingly more popular feature in TVs, stereos, VCRs, and air conditioners. Fig. 6-11 shows example of CERALOCK® in remote control transmission ICs. Oscillation frequency is normally 3.2M to 4MHz, with 3.64MHz being the most popular. This 3.64MHz is divided by a carrier signal generator, so that a carrier of approximately 38kHz is generated. VDD (+3V) H 8 7 L CSTLS3M64G53–B0 C1 C1=15pF C2=15pF H : 6, 10 L : 3, 9, 12, 13, 14 C2 Fig. 6-11 Application to µPD65 (Renesas Electronics) 3. Application to ICs for Office Equipments With the applications of ICs in office machines, many CERALOCK®s are used for motor drivers/controllers/ digital signal processor (D.S.P.) in CD's ICs. Fig. 6-12 shows application example. It is believed that this type of application will increase in the future. VDD1 (+5V) VDD2 (+3.3V) H2 H1 6 IC : LC78646E 49 L 48 Rd CSTCE16M9V53–R0 C1 C2 Fig. 6-12 Application to LC78646E (SANYO) (CD Digital Signal Processor) 4. Other Kinds of Applications to Various ICs VDD (+5V) 8, 9 IC : MSM6650GS 8 GND 9 220pF Other than the above mentioned uses, CERALOCK® is widely used with ICs for voice synthesis. Fig. 6-13 shows example of voice synthesis. We can provide CERALOCK® application data for many ICs which are not mentioned in this manual. Please consult us for details. CSTLS4M09G53–B0 C1 C2 C1=15pF C2=15pF : 15, 29, 64 GND : 6, 7, 14, 16, 20 Fig. 6-13 Application to ICs for Voice Synthesis MSM6650GS (OKI) 29 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 7 Notice ■Notice (Soldering and Mounting) Please contact us regarding ultrasonic cleaning conditions to avoid possible damage during ultrasonic cleaning. ■Notice (Storage and Operating Conditions) ・Please do not apply excess mechanical stress to the component and lead terminals at soldering. ■Notice (Rating) The component may be damaged if excess mechanical stress is applied. ■Notice (Handling) ・Unstable oscillation or oscillation stoppage might happen when CERALOCK® is used in an improper way in conjunction with ICs. We are happy to evaluate the application circuit to avoid this for you. ・Oscillation frequency of our standard CERALOCK® is adjusted with our standard measuring circuit. There could be slight shift in frequency other types of IC are used. When you require exact oscillation frequency in your application, please contact us. 7 30 P17E.pdf 10.8.3 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. 8 Appendix P17E.pdf 10.8.3 Equivalent Circuit Constants of CERALOCK® (The equivalent circuit constants are not the guaranteed value but the standard value.) Equivalent Constant Fr (kHz) Fa (kHz) ∆F (kHz) R1 (Ω) L1 (mH) C1 (pF) C0 (pF) CSBLA400KECE-B0 388.5 402.4 13.9 6.2 6.7041 25.0462 344.3647 2650 CSBLA455KEC8-B0 443.9 457.3 13.4 10.1 7.6800 16.7421 272.7610 2136 CSBLA500KEC8-B0 487.2 503.2 16.0 8.5 7.1632 14.9069 222.8248 2619 CSBLA600KEC8-B0 586.5 604.2 17.7 11.8 6.1860 11.9121 194.2629 2140 CSBLA700KJ58-B0 683.5 706.5 23.0 11.1 5.3876 10.0678 146.8621 2158 CSBLA1M00J58-B0 978.5 1013.3 34.7 13.7 4.4407 5.9576 82.4807 2009 CSBLA1M20J58-B0 Part Number Qm 1179.6 1220.8 41.2 45.4 4.5330 4.0184 56.4891 780 CSBLA456KE2ZF11-B0 436.6 457.9 21.2 11.4 4.1631 31.9247 320.3785 1006 CSBLA456KE2ZF14-B0 435.9 457.4 21.5 11.0 3.9472 33.7848 333.5176 989 CSBLA500KECZF02-B0 506.1 549.8 43.7 8.5 1.3209 74.8959 415.5858 496 CSBLA500KECZF09-B0 489.0 543.9 55.0 27.9 0.9089 116.5686 490.9133 100 CSBLA503KECZF02-B0 509.5 554.0 44.6 8.5 1.2460 78.3331 429.0170 474 CSTLS4M00G53-B0 3784.4 4135.3 350.9 9.0 0.4611 3.8377 19.7730 1220 CSTLS6M00G53-B0 5710.9 6199.5 488.6 7.5 0.2381 3.2635 18.2899 1135 CSTLS8M00G53-B0 7604.7 8246.3 641.6 8.0 0.1251 3.5030 19.9175 775 CSTLS10M0G53-B0 9690.1 10399.1 709.0 7.0 0.0984 2.7448 18.0899 947 CSTLS16M0X55-B0 15972.9 16075.0 102.1 24.6 0.6572 0.1511 11.7835 2681 CSTLS20M0X53-B0 19959.2 20070.8 111.6 19.0 0.4858 0.1309 11.6716 3203 CSTLS24M0X53-B0 23955.8 24095.9 140.2 16.6 0.4205 0.1050 8.9440 3805 CSTLS27M0X51-B0 27024.3 27172.8 148.5 15.9 0.3638 0.0953 8.6486 3877 CSTLS32M0X51-B0 31918.4 32092.6 174.2 13.4 0.2481 0.1002 9.1542 3716 CSTLS33M8X51-B0 33777.8 33969.7 191.9 25.6 0.2561 0.0867 7.6093 2120 CSTLS36M0X51-B0 36033.6 36241.1 207.6 13.4 0.2260 0.0863 7.4700 3821 CSTLS40M0X51-B0 39997.7 40240.1 242.7 15.8 0.2301 0.0688 5.6544 3651 CSTLS50M0X51-B0 49946.3 50193.1 246.8 27.6 0.1856 0.0547 5.5234 2107 8 31 Note • This PDF catalog is downloaded from the website of Murata Manufacturing co., ltd. Therefore, it’s specifications are subject to change or our products in it may be discontinued without advance notice. Please check with our sales representatives or product engineers before ordering. • This PDF catalog has only typical specifications because there is no space for detailed specifications. Therefore, please approve our product specifications or transact the approval sheet for product specifications before ordering. P17E.pdf 10.8.3