PHC1405250KS

PHC • MKP • axial terminals • high current • high frequency • switching applications Main applications Switching capacitor for industrial and motor speed controls, high frequency electronic ballasts, switching mode power supplies, resonant circuits, induction heaters, high-end audio applications Dielectric Polypropylene Electrodes Vacuum deposited metal layers Coating UL 510 / CSA TIL I-26 polyester tape wrapping; UL 94 V-0 resin end fill. Flame retardant execution Construction Extended metallized film, internal series connection for Ur≥ 850Vdc (refer to General Technical Information) Terminals Tinned copper wire (lead free) Dissipation factor (DF), max. tgδ x10-4, measured at 25 ±5°C, 1 kHz Damp heat test (steady state) List of admitted high humidity and temperature tests (please refer to paragraph C10 of the GTI); Biased tests applicable from 03/2019 production codes only Test ID a Capacitance temperature coefficient Refer to General Technical Information Long term stability (at 1kHz) Capacitance variation ≤ ±1% after a period of 2 years at standard environmental conditions Rated voltage (Ur) (Vdc) at 85°C 250, 330, 400, 600, 700, 850 Vdc Non recurrent surge voltage (Upk) at 85°C 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1200 Vdc Self inductance ≤ 1nH/mm of capacitor and leads length used for connection Reference Damp heat test (steady state) not biased - IEC60068 b Damp heat test (steady state) biased - AEC Q-200 cockpit c Robustness under high humidity, Grade II - IEC 60384-17:2019 d e Climatic category 40/85/56 (IEC 60068/1), GPD (DIN40040) Please refer also to paragraph C10 (humid ambient) of the General Technical Information Capacitance tolerance (at 1kHz) ±10% (code=K), ±5% (code=J) and ±20% (code=M). Other tolerances upon request 15 Test voltage between terminals and case (Utc) 3kV 50÷60Hz applied for 60s at 25 ±5°C Reference standard IEC 61071, IEC 60068, RoHS compliant Nominal Capacitance (Cn) µF 0,1µF to 60µF. Refer to article table Cn > 30 μF 10 Test voltage between terminals (Ut) 1,6xUr (DC) applied for 10s / 2xUr (DC) applied for 2s, at 25±5°C Installation Whatever position assuring correct heat dissipation. Arrangement of many components with surfaces in contact not admitted; suggested minimum distance between side by side elements ≥1/12 of the diameter size Max. permissible ambient temperature +70°C (operation at rated power, current, voltage and natural cooling) 5 μF < Cn ≤ 30 μF 6 Insulation resistance (RINS) ≥ 30000s but need not exceed 30GΩ (typical value), after 1 minute of electrification at 100Vdc (25 ± 5°C) Degree of protection IP00 Operating temperature range (case) -40...+85°C Cn ≤ 5 μF f g High robustness under high humidity, Grade III - IEC 60384-17:2019 Damp heat test (steady state) biased - 70/70/1000 Humidity load test, Test Cy, Severity II - IEC 60068-2-67 Humidity load test, Test Cy, Severity III - IEC 60068-2-67 and 85/85/1000 Level 1 - AEC Q-200 Permissible YES YES (Ur = 850Vdc ONLY) YES (Ur = 850Vdc ONLY) NO NO NO NO Rated Ur (DC ONLY) applied for biased tests Performance: Capacitance change ≤ ±2% (for test “a”) Capacitance change ≤ ±10% (for test “b” and “c”) DF change ≤ 0.0010 at 1kHz (for test “a”) DF change ≤ 2 x initial limit at 1kHz (for test “b” and “c”) RINS ≥ 50% of initial limit value Typical capacitance change versus operating time -5% after 30000 hours at Urms or after 100000 hours at Ur Life expectancy ≥ 100000 hours (Ur) Failure quota 300/109 component hours Resistance to soldering heat test Test conditions: Solder bath temperature= +260±5°C Dipping time (with heat screen)= 10±1s Performance: Capacitance change ≤ ±1% DF change ≤ 0.0010 at 1kHz RINS≥ 50% of initial limit value Maximum pulse rise time V/µs Refer to article table Maximum peak current (Ipeak) Refer to article table. Max. non repetitive Ipk = 1,5 x Ipeak Ed. 04 Rev. 01 13.1 10.2021 PHC • MKP • axial terminals • high current • high frequency • switching applications PHC article table (different values available upon request) Voltage at +85°C Ur (Vdc) Urms (Vac) Cn Dimensions (mm) du/dt Ipeak Irms(2) ESR(3) ICEL CODE(1) Upk (Vdc) µF D L d V/µs A A mΩ - 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 1 1,5 2 2 2,2 2,2 2,5 2,5 3 3 3,3 4 4,7 5 6,8 10 10 15 20 22 25 30 30 33 33 40 40 50 50 60 9 11 12,5 10,5 13 11 13,5 12 15 13 13,5 15 16 16,5 19 22 19,5 23,5 27 28,5 30 29 27,5 30,5 29 34 31,5 38 35 38 27 27 27 32 27 32 27 32 27 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 44 44 44 44 44 53 57 53 57 53 57 53 57 57 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 50 50 50 40 50 40 50 40 50 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 25 25 25 25 25 20 15 20 15 20 15 20 15 15 50 75 100 80 110 88 125 100 150 120 132 160 188 200 272 400 250 375 500 550 625 600 450 660 495 800 600 1000 750 900 4,5 5,5 6 5,5 6,5 6 7 7 7,5 7 8 9 10 10 10,5 10,5 10,5 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 7,6 6,1 5,1 6 5 5,7 4,8 5,4 4,4 4,8 4,4 3,8 3,5 3,4 3,1 2,5 3,3 2,7 5 4,7 4,4 4,5 5,3 4,3 5 3,9 4,5 3,5 3,9 3,5 PHC1254100*G PHC1254150*G PHC1254200*G PHC1254200*J PHC1254220*G PHC1254220*J PHC1254250*G PHC1254250*J PHC1254300*G PHC1254300*J PHC1254330*J PHC1254400*J PHC1254470*J PHC1254500*J PHC1254680*J PHC1255100*J PHC1255100*N PHC1255150*N PHC1255200*N PHC1255220*N PHC1255250*N PHC1255300*R PHC1255300*S PHC1255330*R PHC1255330*S PHC1255400*R PHC1255400*S PHC1255500*R PHC1255500*S PHC1255600*S 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 0,68 1 1,5 1,5 2 2 2,2 2,2 9 10,5 13 11,5 14,5 13 15,5 13,5 27 27 27 32 27 32 27 32 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 60 60 60 45 60 45 60 45 40,8 60 90 67,5 120 90 132 99 4,5 5,5 6,5 6 7,5 7 8 7,5 9,1 6,9 5,5 6,3 4,7 5,7 4,3 5,3 PHC1333680*G PHC1334100*G PHC1334150*G PHC1334150*J PHC1334200*G PHC1334200*J PHC1334220*G PHC1334220*J (4) Change the * symbol with the needed capacitance tolerance code: J=±5%, K=±10%, M=±20% Maximum values at 100kHz, +70°C, C tol. ≤ ±10% (3) Typical values at 100kHz (for operating frequencies far from the reference, ESR variation and related different power dissipation must be taken in consideration) (4) Not suitable for across the line application (1) (2) Ed. 04 Rev. 01 13.2 10.2021 PHC • MKP • axial terminals • high current • high frequency • switching applications Voltage at +85°C Ur (Vdc) Urms (Vac) (4) Cn Dimensions (mm) du/dt Ipeak Irms(2) ESR(3) ICEL CODE(1) Upk (Vdc) µF D L d V/µs A A mΩ - 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 2,5 3 3,3 4 4,7 4,7 5 5 6,8 10 15 15 15 20 20 22 22 25 25 30 30 33 33 35 35 40 14,5 16,5 17 18,5 20 17 20,5 17,5 20 24 29 26 24,5 29,5 28 31 29 33 31 36 34 37,5 35,5 39 36,5 39 32 32 32 32 32 44 32 44 44 44 44 53 57 53 57 53 57 53 57 53 57 53 57 53 57 57 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 45 45 45 45 45 30 45 30 30 30 30 25 20 25 20 25 20 25 20 25 20 25 20 25 20 20 112,5 135 148,5 180 211,5 141 225 150 204 300 450 375 300 500 400 550 440 625 500 750 600 825 660 875 700 800 8 9 9 10,5 10,5 10,5 10,5 10,5 10,5 11 13 12,5 12 14 13,5 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 5 4,4 4,3 3,8 3,3 4,2 3,2 4,1 3,6 6,7 5,4 6 6,8 5,1 5,8 4,8 5,4 4,5 5 4,1 4,5 3,9 4,3 3,8 4,2 3,9 PHC1334250*J PHC1334300*J PHC1334330*J PHC1334400*J PHC1334470*J PHC1334470*N PHC1334500*J PHC1334500*N PHC1334680*N PHC1335100*N PHC1335150*N PHC1335150*R PHC1335150*S PHC1335200*R PHC1335200*S PHC1335220*R PHC1335220*S PHC1335250*R PHC1335250*S PHC1335300*R PHC1335300*S PHC1335330*R PHC1335330*S PHC1335350*R PHC1335350*S PHC1355400*S 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 0,47 0,68 0,68 1 1 1,5 1,5 2 2,2 2,5 3 3,3 3,3 4 4 4,7 5 6,8 10 10 10 15 15 9 11 10 13 11 15,5 13,5 15,5 16,5 17 19 20 17 22 18,5 20 20,5 24 29 25 24 31 29 27 27 32 27 32 27 32 32 32 32 32 32 44 32 44 44 44 44 44 53 57 53 57 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 75 75 55 75 55 75 55 55 55 55 55 55 40 55 40 40 40 40 40 30 25 30 25 35,2 51 37,4 75 55 112,5 82,5 110 121 137 165 181 132 220 160 188 200 272 400 300 250 450 375 4 5,5 5 6,5 6 7,5 7 9 9 9,5 10,5 10,5 10,5 10,5 10,5 9,5 10 11 13 12 11 14 14 8,6 7,1 8,9 5,8 6,7 4,7 5,6 4,6 4,4 4,2 3,8 3,7 4,3 3,3 3,9 7,6 7,4 6,4 5,4 6,3 7,1 5 5,6 PHC1403470*G PHC1403680*G PHC1403680*J PHC1404100*G PHC1404100*J PHC1404150*G PHC1404150*J PHC1404200*J PHC1404220*J PHC1404250*J PHC1404300*J PHC1404330*J PHC1404330*N PHC1404400*J PHC1404400*N PHC1404470*N PHC1404500*N PHC1404680*N PHC1405100*N PHC1405100*R PHC1405100*S PHC1405150*R PHC1405150*S Change the * symbol with the needed capacitance tolerance code: J=±5%, K=±10%, M=±20% Maximum values at 100kHz, +70°C, C tol. ≤ ±10% (3) Typical values at 100kHz (for operating frequencies far from the reference, ESR variation and related different power dissipation must be taken in consideration) (4) Not suitable for across the line application (1) (2) Ed. 04 Rev. 01 13.3 10.2021 PHC • MKP • axial terminals • high current • high frequency • switching applications Voltage at +85°C Ur (Vdc) Urms (Vac) (4) Cn Dimensions (mm) du/dt Ipeak Irms(2) ESR(3) ICEL CODE(1) Upk (Vdc) µF D L d V/µs A A mΩ - 400 400 400 400 400 400 250 250 250 250 250 250 600 600 600 600 600 600 20 20 22 22 25 25 35 33 37 35 39,5 37 53 57 53 57 53 57 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 30 25 30 25 30 25 600 500 660 550 750 625 14 14 14 14 14 14 4,3 4,7 4,1 4,5 3,8 4,2 PHC1405200*R PHC1405200*S PHC1405220*R PHC1405220*S PHC1405250*R PHC1405250*S 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 330 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 0,33 0,47 0,47 0,68 0,68 1 1,5 2 2 2,2 2,2 2,5 3 3,3 4 4,7 4,7 4,7 5 5 5 6,8 6,8 10 10 12,5 12,5 15 10 11,5 10,5 14 12 15,5 18 21 18 22 19 20 22 23 25 27 24,5 22,5 27,5 25 23 28 26,5 33 31,5 38,5 35,5 39 27 27 32 27 32 32 32 32 44 32 44 44 44 44 44 44 53 57 44 53 57 53 57 53 57 53 57 57 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 95 95 75 95 75 75 75 75 55 75 55 55 55 55 55 55 50 40 55 50 40 50 40 50 40 50 40 40 31,3 44,6 35,2 64,6 51 75 112 150 110 165 121 137 165 181 220 258 235 188 275 250 200 340 272 500 400 625 500 600 4 5 5 6 6 8 9 10,5 10 10,5 10 10,5 10,5 10,5 13,5 12 11,5 11 12,5 12 11,5 12,5 12 14 14 14 14 14 9,5 8,3 9,4 6,8 7,8 6,1 4,9 4,1 5,3 3,8 4,8 4,6 4,2 4 3,6 6,4 7,7 8,6 6,3 7,4 8,3 6,5 7,3 5,4 6,1 4,9 5,5 5,1 PHC1603330*G PHC1603470*G PHC1603470*J PHC1603680*G PHC1603680*J PHC1604100*J PHC1604150*J PHC1604200*J PHC1604200*N PHC1604220*J PHC1604220*N PHC1604250*N PHC1604300*N PHC1604330*N PHC1604400*N PHC1604470*N PHC1604470*R PHC1604470*S PHC1604500*N PHC1604500*R PHC1604500*S PHC1604680*R PHC1604680*S PHC1605100*R PHC1605100*S PHC1605125*R PHC1605125*S PHC1605150*S 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 0,22 0,22 0,33 0,33 0,47 0,47 0,68 1 1 1,2 1,2 1,5 2 2,2 2,5 10,5 9,5 13 11,5 15 13,5 15,5 19,5 16 22 18 19,5 22,5 23,5 25 27 32 27 32 27 32 32 32 44 32 44 44 44 44 44 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1,2 1,2 1,2 135 105 135 105 135 105 105 105 70 105 70 70 70 70 70 29,7 23,1 44,5 34,6 63,4 49,3 71,4 105 70 126 84 105 140 154 175 4 3,5 5 5 6,5 6,5 8 10 9 10,5 9 10,5 12 12,5 13,5 10,7 11,6 8,5 9,4 6,9 7,7 6 4,5 6,6 3,9 6,3 5,6 4,8 4,5 4,2 PHC1703220*G PHC1703220*J PHC1703330*G PHC1703330*J PHC1703470*G PHC1703470*J PHC1703680*J PHC1704100*J PHC1704100*N PHC1704120*J PHC1704120*N PHC1704150*N PHC1704200*N PHC1704220*N PHC1704250*N Change the * symbol with the needed capacitance tolerance code: J=±5%, K=±10%, M=±20% Maximum values at 100kHz, +70°C, C tol. ≤ ±10% (3) Typical values at 100kHz (for operating frequencies far from the reference, ESR variation and related different power dissipation must be taken in consideration) (4) Not suitable for across the line application (1) (2) Ed. 04 Rev. 01 13.4 10.2021 PHC • MKP • axial terminals • high current • high frequency • switching applications Voltage at +85°C Ur (Vdc) Urms (Vac) (4) Cn Dimensions (mm) du/dt Ipeak Irms(2) ESR(3) ICEL CODE(1) Upk (Vdc) µF D L d V/µs A A mΩ - 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 3 3,3 4 4 4 4,7 4,7 5 5 6,8 6,8 8,2 8,2 10 27 28,5 31,5 27 25,5 29 27,5 30 28,5 35 33 39 36 39,5 44 44 44 53 57 53 57 53 57 53 57 53 57 57 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 70 70 70 60 45 60 45 60 45 60 45 60 45 45 210 231 280 240 180 282 211,5 300 225 408 306 492 369 450 12 12 13,5 12,5 12 13 12 13,5 12,5 14 14 14 14 14 6,1 5,9 5,4 6,7 7,7 6,1 7 5,8 6,6 5,1 5,8 4,6 5,3 4,9 PHC1704300*N PHC1704330*N PHC1704400*N PHC1704400*R PHC1704400*S PHC1704470*R PHC1704470*S PHC1704500*R PHC1704500*S PHC1704680*R PHC1704680*S PHC1704820*R PHC1704820*S PHC1705100*S 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 850 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 0,1 0,15 0,15 0,22 0,22 0,33 0,33 0,47 0,68 0,68 1 1 1,5 2 2,2 2,2 2,2 2,5 2,5 2,5 3 3 3 3,3 3,3 4 4 4,7 4,7 5 5 6,8 9,5 11 10 13 11,5 15,5 14 16,5 19,5 16 24 19,5 23,5 27 28 24,5 23 30 26 24,5 32,5 28,5 27 30 28 33 31 35 33,5 36 34,5 39,5 27 27 32 27 32 27 32 32 32 44 32 44 44 44 44 53 57 44 53 57 44 53 57 53 57 53 57 53 57 53 57 57 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 0,8 1 1 1 1,2 1 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 375 375 300 375 300 375 300 300 300 200 300 200 200 200 200 125 110 200 125 110 200 125 110 125 110 125 110 125 110 125 110 110 37,5 56,2 45 82,5 65 123,7 99 141 204 136 300 200 300 400 440 275 242 500 312 275 600 375 330 412 363 500 440 587 517 625 550 748 3,5 4,5 4,5 5,5 5,5 7 7 9 10 9 13 10,5 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 12,9 9,8 10,8 7,7 8,4 5,9 6,6 5,4 4,3 5,4 3,2 4,3 3,5 2,9 2,9 3,8 4,3 2,7 3,6 4,1 2,4 3,2 3,6 3,1 3,5 2,8 3,1 2,5 2,8 2,4 2,7 2,3 PHC1853100*G PHC1853150*G PHC1853150*J PHC1853220*G PHC1853220*J PHC1853330*G PHC1853330*J PHC1853470*J PHC1853680*J PHC1853680*N PHC1854100*J PHC1854100*N PHC1854150*N PHC1854200*N PHC1854220*N PHC1854220*R PHC1854220*S PHC1854250*N PHC1854250*R PHC1854250*S PHC1854300*N PHC1854300*R PHC1854300*S PHC1854330*R PHC1854330*S PHC1854400*R PHC1854400*S PHC1854470*R PHC1854470*S PHC1854500*R PHC1854500*S PHC1854680*S Change the * symbol with the needed capacitance tolerance code: J=±5%, K=±10%, M=±20% Maximum values at 100kHz, +70°C, C tol. ≤ ±10% (3) Typical values at 100kHz (for operating frequencies far from the reference, ESR variation and related different power dissipation must be taken in consideration) (4) Not suitable for across the line application (1) (2) Warning: this specification must be completed with the data given in the “General technical information” chapter Ed. 04 Rev. 01 13.5 10.2021 General technical information INDEX A-Capacitor design and construction A1-Film-foil capacitors A2-Metallized film capacitors / Segmented metallization design A3-Self-healing A4-Mixed film-foil and metallized film capacitor technology A5-Dielectrics A6-Capacitors winding A7-Capacitors assembling and testing B-Technical Terms (reference standards: EN, IEC, CECC and DIN normative) and general technical data B1-Nominal Capacitance (CN or Cn) B2-Capacitance Tolerance B3-Temperature Coefficient of Capacitance (α) B4-Long Term Stability B5-Rated Voltage (UR or Ur; Urms; UN; UNDC) B6-Category Voltage (UC) B7-Temperature De-rated Voltage B8-Superimposed AC Voltage B9-Permissible AC Voltage up to 60Hz B10-Test Voltage between terminals (Ut) B11-Test Voltage between terminals and case (Utc) B12-Non Recurrent Surge Voltage (Upk) and Recurrent Peak Voltage (Upkr) B13-Rated Ripple Current (Ir) B14-Rated r.m.s. Current (Irms) B15-Max. Repetitive Peak Current (Ipeak) B16-Max. Non Repetitive Peak Current (Ipk) B17-Category Temperature Range B18-Lower Category Temperature (TA ) and Upper Category Temperature (TB ) B19-Rated Temperature (TR ) B20-Ambient Temperature (θamb or Tamb) B21-Rated Pulse Load, Pulse Rise Time (du/dt) and Waveform Energy Content (KO ) B22-Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) B23-Dissipation Factor (tgδ or DF) B24-Impedance (Z) B25-Power Dissipation and Thermal Resistance (Rth) B26-Self Inductance (L) and Resonant Frequency (fr ) B27-Insulation Resistance (RINS ) and Time Constant (τ) B28-Test Categories (reference: IEC60068-1) B29-Permitted Temperature and Humidity (reference: DIN40040) B30-Solder conditions for capacitors on printed circuit boards; terminals RoHS compliance B31-Dimensions, tolerances, terminals position and centering, lugs screws fixing torque and connection modes B32-Standard Environmental Conditions for Test B33-Typical curves B34-Reference Reliability and Failure Rate (λ) B35-Life Expectancy (Le) B36-EN60252-1 normative Life Expectancy Classes B37-Taping specification for axial capacitors B38-E series according to DIN41426 and IEC60063 (preferred capacitance values) C-Application notes, operation and safety conditions C1-Voltage applied and ionization effects C2-Pulse applications C3-Noises produced by capacitors Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.1 10.2021 General technical information C4-Permissible current C5-Operating temperature (TOP ) C6-Components fitting on PCBs and arrangement in equipment layout C7-Vibrations and mechanical shocks C8-Connections C9-Across the line and interference suppression applications (class X and Y caps.) C10-Special working conditions: - Humid ambient (high temperature and high humidity operation) - Sealing resins - Immersion in oils-liquids - Adhesive curing - Rapid mould growth, corrosive atmosphere and ambient with a high degree of pollution - Operating altitude - Other unusual service conditions C11-Materials flame retardancy, RoHS, REACH, Conflicts Free Minerals normative and regulations compliance C12-Safety warnings for capacitors usage in power equipment D-Storage conditions and Standard environmental conditions E-Printing and production date codes; resistance to solvents F-General Warning (general rules and indications for problems and failures management or rejections) G-Updating and validity of product specifications; general data and information H-Application Data Questionnaire I-Capacitors selection guide; application matrix IMPORTANT: information and data contained in the chapter “General technical information”, are a completing part of the single series specifications. The series specifications are completed with the data given in the “General Technical Information” chapter. Data and characteristics shown in this catalogue are subjected to modifications without notice. Always refer to ICEL S.r.l. web site, www.icel.it for products updated characteristics, last revision specifications, general data and information, products certifications and news. Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.2 10.2021 General technical information A-Capacitor design and construction Plastic film capacitors can be subdivided into two main groups on the base of their construction: film-foil capacitors and metallized film capacitors. The combination of these two technologies brings to a third group of capacitors, which gets the advantages of both the above groups. A1- Film-foil capacitors Typical film-foil capacitor consists of two metal foil electrodes with a plastic film between them, used as dielectric. Metal foils thickness is typically 5 to 9μm and the plastic film must be thick enough to guarantee the necessary capacitor reliability in terms of voltage withstanding and long-term performances and reliability. Film-foil capacitors, being not able to self-heal (refer to related paragraph A-3) usually need a dielectric thickness higher than the one of metallized film capacitors, having the same voltage ratings. It means that, considering the same dielectric type, capacitance and voltage rating, the typical dimensions of the film-foil capacitors are larger than metallized film capacitors ones. The presence of metal foil electrodes ensures high insulation resistance, very good capacitance stability, low losses even at high frequency, excellent pulse handling capability and high current withstanding. Film-foil capacitors don’t have self-healing properties. A2- Metallized film capacitors / Segmented metallization design In metallized film capacitors, the metal electrodes are vacuum deposited directly onto the dielectric film surface. The different metal alloys, their shape and the thickness of the metal layer influence in a relevant way the characteristics, behavior, performances, energy density and typical usage destination of the capacitors. The outstanding advantage of metallized film capacitor technology is the self-healing property. The extremely thin metal layer obtainable (typical thickness from 0.02 to 0.05μm for “flat” metallization) and the availability of low thickness dielectric films allow the production of capacitors with smaller dimensions than film-foil ones, having the same voltage rating. The contacting of metallized film capacitors is made by spraying metal alloys onto the windings face ends and then welding the terminals on those metal sprayed areas. This ensures a low inductance and low loss characteristics. Metallized film capacitors do not typically guarantee high pulse withstanding capability. Nevertheless, a medium-high pulse handling capability can be reached with metallized film technology, using special films having metallization with reinforced contact edges and particular metal alloys, or adopting inner series connection design. Special metallization design, like slope profile (variable R, metallization thickness and metal alloy combination along the film width) can be used to obtain high energy density, high performances and special characteristics, focused on particular application needs. The segmented metallization design of the metal layer over the dielectric, is shaped in a way to allow small part of it to be isolated in case of local short circuit or breakdown. The aim is to obtain the restoring of the full functionality of the unit with a negligible loss of capacitance, restraining the propagation of the energy involved in the clearing to other sections of the winding. This prevents the possibility of dangerous failures which may cause the destruction of the components and of the equipment where they are used, with smoke, fire and explosion danger. This might be especially critical when several units are connected in parallel to obtain high-energy and high-capacitance banks. In case of particularly stressing operating conditions or overstresses, it may results in clearings taking place with the energy of the full capacitors’ bank discharging through the clearing point (localized overload risk). For this reason, in such layout conditions, the segmented executions versions should be taken in consideration. However this theoretically higher safety level implies a lower volumetric efficiency, a possible increase of the Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) and of the related Dissipation Factor (DF), with respect to a comparable not segmented metallization (see the related picture). Also the Irms max. ratings are correspondingly slightly decreased. The latter considerations depend also on the design of the segmented pattern, which is typically related to the foreseen application. A3- Self-healing Self-healing (or clearing) process consists in the removal of imperfections, pin holes and dielectric film flaws which can cause permanent voltage breakdowns when voltage is applied to t he capacitor. The electric arc which takes place with breakdown, evaporates and changes the characteristics of the surface metallized area around the fault, insulating the defect: the capacitor almost instantaneously regains its full operation ability. The time necessary for self-healing process is usually less than a few μs and the electric arc occurs only if the necessary energy is available either as charge energy or as external energy. Self-healing occurs only occasionally, thanks to the capacitor design (film metallization characteristics, dielectric film thickness and films disposal and combination in the winding) even when the maximum voltage allowed is continuously applied to the capacitor up to the higher temperature limit. Moreover, only fractions of the total energy stored in the capacitor are dissipated during the self-healing process, therefore the related voltage drop remains low, unless potentially critical operative and layout conditions are present. Please refer to point A2. When prescribed by approval normative, capacitors having self-healing characteristic are printed with “SH” or “#” symbol. For segmented metallization design, please refer to paragraph A2. Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.3 10.2021 General technical information Clearing Area Breakdown channel Interrupted gates a and b: not segmented metallization; c and d: examples of segmented metallization. Effects of clearing on the two different film metallization designs. A4- Mixed film-foil and metallized film capacitor technology The combination of film-foil and metallized film technology typically offers the advantages of the two above described types, obtaining selfhealing property, high current and pulse capability and low losses with extended frequency ranges. On the base of the foreseen application and needed capacitors characteristics, metal foils electrodes can be replaced by double side metallized films and some types also cover high voltage ranges thanks to a particular inner structure design. Since these kinds of capacitors maintain the self-healing capability, they are conventionally classified among metallized film capacitors. A5- Dielectrics Many different materials and plastic films may be used as a dielectric. The main dielectrics used in ICEL S.r.l. products are: Polyester Polypropylene (Polycarbonate is no more available / in use: EXPIRED SERIES - NOT FOR NEW DESIGN) The use of different dielectrics gives different characteristics, performances and behavior to the capacitors: different dielectric types are adopted as a function of the design needs and foreseen application characteristics. Different types of the same general film type are available, having different characteristics and allowing different performance levels (for example different temperature grade polypropylene films). A comparison of the main, average characteristics of the above plastic film dielectrics is shown in the following table: Comparative table of plastic film dielectric main characteristics (typical values) Characteristic Polyester Polycarbonate Polypropylene Polystyrene 3.3 2.8 2.2 2.5 Relative dielectric constant (25°C, 1kHz) Max. working temperature (°C) 125 125 105 (+115)* 70 50; 180 10; 100 2; 3 2; 3 ≥ 30 ≥ 50 ≥ 300 ≥ 300 Temperature coefficient (ppm/°C) - +150 -200 -150 Dielectric strength (V/µm), typical 250 180 350÷400 150 Water absorption (% in weight), typical 0.2 0.3 42.5 ±1.0 Radial terminals position (wire terminals): the terminals off-set To from the capacitors body longitudinal center-line is To≤ d (d= terminals diameter) but need not to be lower than 0,8mm; for 4 or 6 x terminals versions, the maximum terminals off-set To from the symmetrical position from the capacitors body center-lines is To= 1,5 x d (d= terminals diameter) Axial terminals capacitors: Axial terminals position and centering (99,7% of the pieces): the centering error from the capacitors body axis is Ce ≤ (Y/X)+d where d is the terminals diameter and Y is the nominal diameter or thickness. Y = D or B (mm) ≤ 16 > 16 and ≤ 34 > 34 X 9 11 10 In any case, Ce need not to be lower than 2 x d (d= terminals diameter). 0,3% of the pieces may show terminals centering error up to 1,2 x the above limits. Important: the vertical mounting of axials on PCBs is generally not allowed. Only exceptionally this can be considered after evaluation and discussion with ICEL Technical Office, needing special capacitors execution and mounting care. Box capacitors with lug terminals: Lugs position: within drawings quotes and tolerances specified for each type and lug style, the lateral shifting of lugs position referred to the box center-line must be ≤ 2.5mm, unless differently specified. A little lugs inclination, lacking of parallelism or lugs fixing surfaces laying on slight offset planes is admitted, if not affecting the fixing pitch and the correct mounting and fixing. Lugs screws fixing torque: 5Nm max. The fixing force must be enough to ensure the electrical connection and a stable positioning and contact against vibrations and mechanical stresses (it is necessary and enough that the connection is not loose, not allowing the capacitor body free moving; excess torque is almost useless). Lugs material: lugs are normally made with (lead free tinned) massive copper (brass as a possible alternative, upon specification) WARNING: lugs bent, torsion, inclination or any change of the original design, shape, geometry and position for mounting and fixing of the capacitors onto equipment contacts is not admitted, since potentially causing contacts irreversible damage, mechanical weakening or even sealing cracking. Box capacitors with cable terminals: Cables position: within drawings quotes and tolerances specified for each type, the cables exit point position from the sealing is not ruled and standardized, even if typically located near the box head walls, almost at the centerline of the sealing, unless differently indicated in specifications upon agreement with customers. Cables sealing: at the exit point from sealing, cables are not required to be exactly perpendicular to the sealing surface, unless differently indicated in specifications upon agreement with customers. In any case the cable sheath must be completely and permanently fixed and surrounded by the sealing, without showing unprotected or unsealed cables conductors. Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.14 10.2021 General technical information B32- Standard Environmental Conditions for Test Unless otherwise specified, all the electrical data stated in the specifications are referred to a temperature of +15÷35°C, an atmospheric pressure of 86÷106 kPa and a relative humidity of 25÷75% (reference: IEC 384-1). Preferred references: 23±1°C; 48÷52% RH; 86÷106 kPa B33- Typical curves Main electrical parameters variation in function of temperature and frequency. General data for comparison aims only, based on typical estimations. The real behavior of each single capacitor and its parameters variations versus temperature and frequency may be quite different from the following typical curves, depending on capacitance value, execution, shape, design-construction and several other interacting factors. MKT= metallized polyester KP= film-foil polypropylene MKP= metallized polypropylene KC= film-foil polycarbonate MKC= metallized polycarbonate Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.15 10.2021 General technical information B34- Reference Reliability and Failure Rate (λ) The reference reliability states a component type fraction failure under a defined load or operating condition. This fraction failure will not be exceeded within a specified operating time. The reference operating condition to which the reliability and failure rate are referred is typically +40°C with 0.5 x Ur (DC) continuously applied to the capacitor (no humidity considered); for capacitors for power applications the maximum ratings are taken as a reference (without de-ratings applied and no humidity considered). Unless differently specified at types specifications. Failure rate λ is the fraction failure divided by a specified operating time and it is expressed in fit (failure in time), as follows: 1 FIT= 1 x 109 / h (1 failure per 109 component hours) Failure rate, when available, is referred to failure rate criteria like short or open circuit, main electrical parameters variation limits and so on, declared in each series specification. Typical failure criteria: - short or open circuit - capacitance variation >±10% - Dissipation Factor variation > 2 x initial limits - possible additional criteria to be indicated in the type specification - excessive body distorsion (refer to size tolerances) In order to estimate the typical expected failure rate as a function of load or operation characteristics different from the one taken as a reference for nominal failure rate, following conversion factors (CF) may be used: Working Voltage (Uw/Ur) CF Working Temperature(°C) CF 1 x 20 ≤ +40 x1 0,75 x4 +55 x 2,5 0,5 x1 +70 x6 0,25 x 0,4 +85 x 15 0,1 x 0,2 (+ 100) (x 45) The estimations shall be made within the allowed operating limits. Typical components failure rate curve in function of time, shows three characteristic periods in the components life: - a first period (I), when early failures occur - a second period (II) during which the failure rate can be considered approximatively constant - a third period (III) when failures increase due to aging wear: Failure rates data at specifications are typically referred to the second period (II) only. WARNING: figures stated about expected life and failure rates are mainly based on application experience and accelerated ageing tests; they are referred to average production conditions and must be considered as mean values, based on statistical expectations for a large number of lots of identical capacitors. The above information and data must be considered as general indications. Always refer to the data listed in the specifications for each type of capacitor. The above information are referred to the typical behaviour of the single component, net the possible layout of several units connected in series/parallel, which may increase the global risk upon critical operating conditions. Please refer to the related paragraphs. Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.16 10.2021 General technical information B35- Life expectancy (Le) The Life Expectancy of the power capacitors series is typically referred to a reference nominal voltage Un and to the hot spot temperature of the capacitor case (the typical reference temperature is stated at type specifications). The Life Expectancy may be improved derating the operating voltage and/ or the operating temperature. Important: capacitors used in power applications are typically exposed to relevant stresses level and possible failure may result in very serious consequences. For this reason, the keeping of a wide safety margin (about 25÷30%) compared to ratings is a wise and long term profitable approach. Life Expectancy as a function of operating voltage can be approximately estimated with the following formula: Lw= Le (Un / Uw)E Lw (h)= life expectancy at the operating voltage Uw Le (h)= life expectancy at the voltage Un (given in specifications) Un (V)= reference voltage to which Le is referred Uw (V) = operating voltage (Uw ≤ Un) E = 7÷8 (typical value; depending on capacitor design and construction) WARNING: a good approximation of the capacitor behavior can be obtained at Uw values reasonably close to Un reference. If Uw> Un the life expectancy drops very fast with a big uncertainty of the estimation, that becomes the more unpredictable and unreliable the higher is Uw/ Un. Do not operate capacitors over the allowed voltage. Life Expectancy as a function of the hot spot temperature of the capacitor case can be approximately obtained with the following formula: Lw= Le x 2 (T-Ths) / Ac) Lw (h)= life expectancy at the operating temperature Le (h)= life expectancy at the reference temperature T (given at specification) T (°C)= reference temperature Ths (°C)= hot spot case temperature at stationary working conditions (≤ max. rated Operating temperature) Ac (Arrhenius coefficient expressed in °C)= 7÷8 (typical; depending on capacitor design and construction) WARNING: the above formula is derived from Arrhenius equation which describes the ageing of organic dielectrics as a function of the temperature. It gives an acceptable approximation of the capacitor behavior only if the temperature range taken in consideration is not too large and too far from the reference one. If Ths> T the life expectancy drops very fast with a big uncertainty of the estimation, that becomes the more unpredictable and unreliable the higher is Ths/ T. Do not operate capacitors over the allowed temperature. Important: obtained estimations are based just on voltage and temperature parameters, NOT considering any other possible stress source, in particular the humidity level. Whichever is the obtained estimation, orders of magnitude higher than the reference value do not represent realistic data: keep a rational approach interpreting the result. The failure rate estimation anyway prevails as a primary criteria to evaluate the reliability of the component The above formulas shall not be used for estimations outside the specification rating limits.. ICEL Technical Office shall be contacted in order to estimate life expectancy data, to ensure the use of the correct type of capacitor for the application and to evaluate the adequate reliability level for the life time target reference. To obtain long life and low failures incidence always consider large enough safety margins on ratings compared to application operating conditions, when choosing capacitors. The above information are referred to the typical behaviour of the single component, net the possible layout of several units connected in series/parallel, which may increase the global risk upon critical operating conditions. Please refer to the related paragraphs. B36- EN60252-1 normative Life Expectancy Classes The following Life Expectancy Classes are used to rate the capacitors types approved in conformity with EN60252-1 normative: Class A: 30000 hours Class B: 10000 hours Class C: 3000 hours Class D: 1000 hours The Life Expectancy Class is referred to an operating - voltage - frequency - temperature - possible duty cycle Related to the EN60252-1 approval class obtained. The Life Expectancy Class code is printed in EN60252-1 approved capacitors markings. Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.17 10.2021 General technical information B37- Taping specification for axial capacitors Description Symbol Dimensions (mm) Capacitor diameter D 4,5 ÷ 19,5 Capacitor length L 10,5 ÷ 32,0 Component pitch A* See table I Reel core diameter E 60 Arbor core diameter M 16 Reel diameter ø 340+5 Marking F See table II Tape width H 6±0,5 Body location (lateral deviation) G ≤ 0,8 Body locatio n (longitudinal location) N ≤ 1,2 Tape spacing B See table III Lead length from the capacitor body to the adhesive tape I ≥ 20 Distance between reel flanges C See table III * Cumulative pitch tolerance does not exceed 1.5mm over six consecutive components. Table I Table II (reel marking) D (mm) A (mm) 22.5mm 3 x 2 hours with 0.75mm amplitude (below 57.6Hz) or 98m/s2 (above 57.6Hz), applied in three orthogonal axis No visible damage, no open or short circuit admitted. Do not exceed the tested ability to withstand mechanical stresses and vibrations. Anyway, in case of possible particularly stressing vibration or mechanical shocks operating conditions, an adequate test and behavior evaluation under real working conditions must be made. C8- Connections The current carrier contacts into the capacitors (especially when they are high section lugs, blades and so on) can dissipate heat from the unit but they may also transfer heat generated in outer connections into the capacitor. For this reason, it is necessary to keep the connections leading to the capacitors cooler than the capacitor itself. Important: special care is necessary when designing circuits with capacitors connected in parallel or in series. In parallel connections, the current splitting depends on slight differences of resistances and inductances in the current paths, then one of the capacitors may be easily overloaded. Moreover, when one capacitor fails by short-circuit or simply self-heal, the complete energy of the bank will be rapidly dissipated at the breakdown - clearing point with possible destruction of the unit; the global voltage withstanding capability of a bank of several capacitors connected in parallel is typically (slightly) lower than the performance of a single unit. For this reason, wider safety margins compared to the operating condition shall be considered, and with such layouts, the segmented executions versions should be taken in consideration. In series connections, because of variations in the circulation resistances of units, the correct voltage division between capacitors should be ensured by resistive voltage dividers. The insulation voltage of the single units shall be appropriate for the series arrangement. The above must be taken in consideration when submitting equipment to over-voltage or over-load tests and evaluating potential equipment malfunctions or failure modes and conditions. The modification of the original lug (and “rigid” in general) terminals shape and geometry to fix capacitors on the circuit is not admitted. C9- Across the line and interference suppression applications (class X and Y caps.) This type of capacitors is permanently submitted to mains voltage and additional surge or high pulse stress typical of this kind of application. The capacitor must have a high safety margin and must be approved in conformity with related reference standards (EN134200, IEC60384-14 etc.). Do not use capacitors not approved in interference suppressors applications. For safety reasons, the use of approved components in conformity with the above mentioned standards is mandatory. In case of across the line application with pulses or anomalous spikes the use of additional surge suppressors in parallel to the capacitor is strongly suggested. C10- Special working conditions Following special working conditions must be carefully evaluated before using a capacitor in the application: - humid ambient: a capacitor operating in moist ambient might absorb humidity. The humidity may enter from the leads-sealing and/or boxsealing contact surfaces and gradually reaches the winding. This can cause gradual electrodes oxidation leading in medium - long term to the capacitor damage or failure. Humidity can cause also electrochemical corrosion, depending on capacitors design and materials, destroying the metallization leading to capacitance drop, overheating, swelling of the capacitors body and potentially ending up to short circuit and relevant damage up to explosion and burning. The potential related ageing effect due to electrochemical corrosion strongly depends on the amplitude of the applied voltage. Capacitors eventually modify their characteristics according to environmental conditions. The magnitude and speed of these modifications depend on dielectric, design and protecting material. With special design and insulation materials the speed of this process can be slowed, but not completely eliminated. Moreover, a certain capacitance variation takes place as a consequence of air humidity. The combination of high operation temperature and high humidity levels, even more with AC voltage operation and with high energy density design, is a particularly dangerous and critical condition, potentially causing a fast ageing of the capacitor (re.: DIN40040 temperature-humidity graphs), with related relevant main parameters variations, body distortion, decrease of the expected life and rapid increase of the failure probability. This should be taken in account, in particular if units are supposed to be used in tropical countries or at critical environmental and climatic conditions. Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.22 10.2021 General technical information Important: special attention shall be paid when choosing capacitors to harsh environmental and climatic conditions. For this kind of application, special execution capacitors having THB ratings shall be designed and adopted (THB: Temperature Humidity Biased). List of tests potentially adoptable to evaluate high humidity - temperature performances for harsh environment. Please refer to each type specification for the actually adoptable ones Test conditions Test ID Working Voltage (Uw/Ur) Voltage applied (DC or AC Relative huTemperature midity upon type specification) Test duration a Damp heat test (steady state) not biased - IEC60068 No voltage applied +40 ±2°C 93 ±2% 56 days (1344h) b Damp heat test (steady state) biased - AEC Q-200 cockpit Rated voltage (Ur) +40 ±2°C 93 ±2% 1000h c Robustness under high humidity, Grade II - IEC 60384-17:2019 Rated voltage (Ur) +40 ±2°C 93 ±2% 56 days (1344h) d High robustness under high humidity, Grade III - IEC 60384-17:2019 Rated voltage (Ur) +60 ±2°C 93 ±2% 56 days (1344h) e Damp heat test (steady state) biased - 70/70/1000 Rated voltage (Ur) +70 ±2°C 70 ±2% 1000h f Humidity load test, Test Cy, Severity II - IEC 60068-2-67 +85 ±2°C 85 ±2% 21 days (504h) g Humidity load test, Test Cy, Severity III - IEC 60068-2-67 and 85/85/1000 Level 1 - AEC Q-200 Rated voltage (Ur) Rated voltage (or de-rated voltage, as indicated at type specification) +85 ±2°C 85 ±2% 1000h Always refer to type specification for admitted tests type and severity level. The component tests upon not admitted ratings and severity levels, lead to unpredictable damages and results. Note: testing capacitors upon most severe test classes, a typical effect could be the box bulging, even if with electrical parameter still within admitted variations and not corresponding to real electrical damages (please refer to type specifications). Always refer to type specifications for suitable usage allowed and possible application under harsh environment conditions. Operative Temperature, Top [°C] Temperature and Humidity Operating Reference 120 100 80 Special environment test condition Harsh environment condition 60 40 Standard condition 20 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Relative Humidity, RH [%] - sealing resins: chemical and thermal effects due to capacitors embedding in resins and curing process must be taken in account. Solvents contained in the resin might cause capacitor characteristics deterioration and physical damage to protection materials. The heat generated in the resin mass during polymerization process may bring to high temperatures and the resin shrinking during hardening may also cause leads breaks or other physical damage of the capacitor. - immersion in oils-liquids: oils or other insulating-protecting liquids may cause the damage of the capacitors protecting materials and or units destruction. In particular, they may attack the tape adhesive, causing the rapid flagging and de-touch of the insulating tape from the axial capacitors body. Depending on the substances, a possible relevant and fast penetration inside the capacitors may take place, typically at terminals-sealing contact and at sealing-case or tape contact surfaces. In general, immersion in any kind of liquids is not admitted: any need of immersion of the units in oils or other kind of insulating-protecting liquids must be communicated to ICEL S.r.l. for preventive evaluation. In any case, enough long time and exhaustive evaluation tests shall be performed. - adhesive curing: the resin used to glue SMD components might cause damage to capacitors dielectric (in particular to polypropylene film) if they are cured in the same oven, especially when long curing time is combined with the heat necessary for the curing process. When polypropylene capacitors are used with SMD components, they must be fit after the SMD gluing process. - rapid mould growth, corrosive atmosphere and ambient with a high degree of pollution (also a very long permanence at stock before usage if not at controlled conditions): carefully evaluate operating conditions which may cause capacitors damage or accelerated aging. Very long term permanence at stock before usage may cause oxidation or other chemical phenomena taking place on the terminals surface, in particular in ambient having high humidity levels, relevant temperature oscillations or presence of contaminating or reacting chemical substances. Unusual storage or transport temperatures or conditions may cause damages too. - dust in the cooling air: particularly if conductive. - operating altitude: capacitors used at big altitudes are subjected to special operating conditions, in particular they are submitted to reduced heat dissipation efficiency related to the air density and characteristics variation. The maximum allowable altitude above sea level is typically 2200 meters, 1000 meters for capacitors for power applications. - following further unusual service conditions and misapplications may cause failures: superimposed radiofrequency voltages (units not suitable for radio interference suppression), unusual vibrations, bumps of mechanical shocks, abrasive particles, corrosive substances, explosive or conducting dust in cooling air and oil or water vapors, explosive gas or substances, radioactivity, rapid or excessive humidity or temperature changes of working ambient, unusual transportation or storage temperature and environmental conditions. Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.23 10.2021 General technical information C11- Materials flame retardancy, RoHS, REACH, Conflicts Free Minerals normative and regulations compliance Unless differently specified, ICEL S.r.l. products are protected with flame retardant materials. Please refer to the series specifications for detailed information. ICEL S.r.l. products are manufactured in compliance with RoHS and REACH normative requirements, Conflicts Free Materials regulation. Related statements, data and additional information are available at the web site www.icel.it. C12-Safety warnings for capacitors usage in power equipment A deep and detailed study of the suitability of the capacitors for the application and their correct usage in the equipment is extremely important. Adequate qualification and reliability tests made on an enough high number of samples for an enough long time are necessary as well. A discussion of the operating conditions and the evaluation of tests results shall be made in cooperation with ICEL Technical Office. Since potential consequences of malfunctions, problems or failures upon power applications may be extremely serious, the equipment must be designed with adequate safety systems for detection, monitoring and problems prevention, devices for main electric parameters monitoring, temperature sensors, smoke – fire sensors etc. As soon as an anomalous behavior of the system appears, the circuit supply prompt stop shall take place to prevent the progression to irreversible capacitors damage levels. The equipment design and circuit layout shall be made in order to contain and minimize the possible effect of a failure, avoiding damage propagation to surrounding areas. Important: a wide safety margin of capacitors ratings compared to the operating conditions must be kept (25-30% suggested). Periodic checking plans of the equipment state and components conditions shall be adopted, including replacement plans for ageing prevention. D-Storage conditions and Standard environmental conditions In order to minimize the units ageing and electrical parameters variation before the units real use in the application, it is suggested to avoid capacitors storage where environmental conditions are different from the following (standard environmental conditions): - Temperature: +15°C ÷ +35°C (ideal), up to +5°C ÷ +50°C admitted. - Humidity (+25°C): average per year ≤ 60%, 30 days random distributed throughout the year ≤ 80%, other days ≤ 70%, dew not admitted. These humidity levels should be reduced at ambient temperatures ≥ +25°C, of about 15% for every 5°C of ambient temperature increase, up to +50°C max. Important: very long term storage may be related to surface oxidation phenomena or other chemical reactions on the copper exposed parts of the terminals (cutted sections); very long term storage, particularly in presence of humidity, may also reduce the terminals solderability. Moreover,service life must be considered as the sum of operating hours, operating breaks, storage and testing time at users - customers facility and transport times. E-Printing and production date code; resistance to solvents If not otherwise stated by reference normative, by approvals related to capacitors series or agreed with customers, the typical printing data shown on capacitor body are: - - - - - - ICEL trade mark or name Series or type Rated capacitance and measuring unit Tolerance on capacitance (shown in % or with correspondent letter code) Rated voltage Manufacturing date codes according to DIN41314 and IEC60062 + 2 characters corresponding to the week code (total 4 characters): Year Code Year Code Month Code 2007 V 2019 L January 1 2008 W 2020 M February 2 2009 X 2021 N March 3 2010 A 2022 P April 4 2011 B 2023 R May 5 2012 C 2024 S June 6 2013 D 2025 T July 7 2014 E 2026 U August 8 2015 F 2027 V September 9 2016 H 2028 W October O (letter) 2017 J 2029 X November N 2018 K 2030 A December D (codes sequence repeating every 20 years) Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.24 10.2021 General technical information Example: capacitors manufactured 20 February 2015 code= F208; capacitors manufactured 8 October 2017 code= JO41. If necessary, special production data code printing may be used or adopted upon request in order to ensure an extra-detailed products traceability; for example, if several repeated productions and shipments are made in the same week the std. code could be followed by a further character, obtaining a 5 characters code. Other special identification codes could be managed, upon agreement. In addition to above listed data, following additional printing are typically shown on approved series: - - - - - - Operating temperature range or climatic class Self-healing property Protection class Expected life class Operating frequency Approval references and approval Marks Some of the above mentioned data may be lacking when capacitors shape, dimensions or available printing surfaces do not allow a complete data marking. Printing resistance to solvents (laser printing excluded): the printing is usually made on capacitors body with dark ink, resistant to the main common solvents (like alcohol, fluorhydro-carbons and their mixtures) used for PCBs washing and flux residues removal. Particularly aggressive solvents and cleaning agents based on chloroydro-carbons or ketones must not be used since they may damage the capacitors and their coating materials. In particular, any substance containing ketones will probably cause printing melting. Moreover, also some kind of protecting and tropicalizing varnishes having the same chemical base may cause printing melting and potential capacitors damage. Important: before applying any varnish or protecting liquid or solvent onto capacitors surface, do test its effect on markings and coating materials. It is recommended to carefully dry the components after the cleaning. F-General Warning (general rules and indications for problems and failures management or rejections) Not respecting specifications and parameters limits, improper installation, use or application of ICEL S.r.l. products might cause damage to the components, induce their characteristics modification and a decrease of their reliability and expected life. This could bring to dangerous failures which may cause the destruction of the components and of the equipment where they are used, smoke, fire and explosion danger. Note that the adoption of segmented metallized film design does not directly imply that the capacitors are not subjected to potentially dangerous failures. Before using ICEL S.r.l. products in any application, please read carefully the related specifications and all the information included in this catalogue. Information and data contained in the chapter “General technical information”, must be considered as a completing part of the single series specifications. Overstressing and overheating shorten the life of a capacitor, therefore the operating conditions (like temperature, voltage, installation, operation and so on) should be strictly controlled. Be sure that the component is proper for your application, that the application parameters do not overcome the limits stated at related specification and that all the warnings and instructions for use are correctly followed. Do check in the intended application and operating conditions of the component before using it in any product or equipment, to ensure that the component is proper for your application. In case of doubt about service conditions and correspondent capacitors characteristics and performances, or in case of application not foreseen or working parameters not stated at capacitors specifications, ICEL Technical Office must be consulted (please refer to the “Application data questionnaire”; paragraph H). ICEL S.r.l. is not responsible for problems caused by critical usage and application, not preventively discussed and acknowledged by ICEL Technical Office. Products manufactured by ICEL S.r.l. are made with maximum attention to quality, in order to be free from defects in design, materials and workmanship, following related series specifications and applicable national and international normative, regulations and approvals obtained requirements. A fundamental aim of the ICEL S.r.l. Quality Assurance system is the prevention of defects occurring. The cooperation between ICEL S.r.l. and customers is fundamental to solve possible problem, prevent and reduce the consequences of failures. In particular, the prompt and exhaustive communication at least of following main information is necessary to allow a quick and effective response to the complaints you may have: - detailed description of the failure - problem - when and how the failure - problem was detected - operating conditions, environmental conditions and application description - operating time before the failure - problem occurred - number of damaged and their percentage on total quantity used or supplied - original supplied lots data and references (production date code, delivery date, quantity etc.) - first time usage in a new application or long term, consolidated application (other lots previously supplied?) - problems detected during tests (which one? Under which conditions?) or controls or during normal working on field - any additional information about special conditions which may have been associated with the failure - problem occurred - possible similar problems occurred in the same application- conditions on other capacitors types (or from competitors) Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.25 10.2021 General technical information ICEL S.r.l. is not responsible for possible delays in the Non-Conformities management in absence of prompt, complete and detailed information provided by the customer. Samples of damaged, if available, should be sent to ICEL S.r.l. for analysis upon agreement and indications from ICEL S.r.l. They must be clearly identified and possibly separated by other “good” units or units damaged for other reasons. They must be adequately packed and protected to prevent any additional damage than the one claimed. Important: the customer is required to have an adequate and effective traceability system to keep finite and focused the problem management (and related costs) on involved pieces or lots only. ICEL S.r.l. is not responsible for any additional cost or undue management need related to a not precise and not reliable customer traceability and products identification system. ICEL S.r.l. liability shall be limited to replacement or repair free of charge of the ascertained defectives, provided that notification of failures or defects is given to ICEL S.r.l. immediately when the same becomes apparent. These actions are possible only after that the returning conditions have been agreed with the customer or buyer and ICEL S.r.l. has analyzed the defectives and authorized the returning of goods. Any components rejection of samples delivery must be packed and adequately protected in order to prevent any additional damage different from the originally detected failure or problem, anyway ensuring the material integrity and protection against environmental conditions. ICEL S.r.l. is not responsible for any possible damages to persons or things, of any kind, derived from improper installation, wrong usage or incorrect application of ICEL S.r.l. products. ICEL S.r.l. shall not be liable for any defect which is due to accident, fair wear and tear, negligent use, tampering, improper handling, improper use, operation or storage or any other default on the parts of any person other than ICEL S.r.l. In case of defective goods, ICEL S.r.l. shall not be liable, under no circumstances, for any consequential loss or damage arising from the goods sold. The above limitations to ICEL S.r.l. liability for defective goods apply also to product liability: ICEL S.r.l. shall have no responsibility for injury to persons or damage to goods or property of any kind. In case of any product liability claim from third parties against ICEL S.r.l., not falling within ICEL S.r.l. liability in accordance with above statements, customer or buyer shall hold ICEL S.r.l. harmless. G-Updating and validity of product specifications - General data and information All drawings, descriptions, characteristics, materials and performance data given by ICEL S.r.l. are as accurate as possible but must be considered as a general information, so they are not binding on ICEL S.r.l., unless specifically agreed in writing. Unless otherwise stated, dimensions and materials may be subjected to reasonable variations due to available raw materials or normal manufacturing process tolerances. The caracteristics of the components are subjected to improvements and upgradings related to norms evolutions and the continuous improvement approach adopted. The production lot code identifies a specific period and the related compliance with the applicable specifications reference. The data and information given in the General Technical Information chapter must be considered a part of the single types and capacitors families specifications contained in the general catalogue. Data and characteristics shown in this catalogue are subjected to modifications without notice. Always refer to ICEL S.r.l. web site, www.icel.it, for products updated characteristics, last revision specifications, general data and information, products certifications and news. Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.26 10.2021 General technical information H-Application Data Questionnaire In order to help ICEL Technical Office to correctly individuate the component suitable for your needs, please fill this questionnaire, giving us all the available information about the application and the working conditions. Capacitance (1kHz): Tolerance (%): Resistor value (Ω, for RC networks only): Resistor power (W, for RC networks only): Rated DC voltage (Vdc): Operating DC voltage (Vdc): Rated AC voltage (Vac): Operating AC voltage (Vac): Repetitive Peak voltage (Vdc): Non Repetitive Peak voltage (Vdc): Operating frequency (Hz): Irms max.(A): , at frequency= Hz, at temperature= °C Max. Pulse Rise Time (V/μs) : Max. Repetitive Peak Current (A): Max. Non Repetitive Peak Current (A): Pulse width (s): Pulse repetition frequency (Hz): Max. Dissipation Factor (x10-4): tgd= at frequency= Hz; tgd= at frequency= Max. E.S.R.( mΩ): at frequency= Hz; at frequency= Insulation Resistance at+25°C (MΩ): after 1 minute at Vdc Operation: continuous D Intermittent D with Cycle duration / Duty cycle: Test voltage between leads: Vdc D / Vac D, for s, notes: Test voltage between leads and case: Vdc D / Vac D, for s, notes: Max. rated operating temperature (°C): Min. rated operating temperature (°C): Max. ambient temperature (°C): Min. ambient temperature (°C): Cooling: natural D; forced D, notes: Climatic category (IEC60068-1 cold test / heat test / damp heat duration): / / Ambient operating humidity conditions: Hz Hz Other critical operating conditions: Expected life (h): Reference conditions: voltage applied= Failure modes: Preferred execution: Notes: axial cylindrical , axial flat Failure rate (x10-9 component hours): ; temperature= , radial dipped , radial in box ; others= , radial with lugs , other Diameter (mm): , tolerance± mm Thickness (mm): , tolerance± mm Height (mm): , tolerance± mm Length (mm): , tolerance± mm Leads type: Leads dim. (mm): , tolerance± mm Printing requirements: Approvals: Reference Normatives: Packing requirements: Reference / presently used components: Additional technical information (please enclose drawings, schematic circuit diagram, voltage and current waveforms and application description if available): Needed quantity: Delivery terms: Notes: List of enclosed documents: Foreseen order frequency: Target price: I - Capacitors selection guide (Main Applications and Products destination) PLEASE REFER TO ICEL S.R.L. WEB SITE WWW.ICEL.IT FOR PREFERREND USAGE AND SUITABILITY UPON APPLICATIONS. Ed. 04 Rev. 04 0.27 10.2021 MECCANOGRAFICO VA010069 Cod. Fiscale N. IT 00218230126 Partita I.V.A. N. IT 00218230126 s.r.l. 21053 CASTELLANZA (VA) VIA CARLO JUCKER, 16 INDUSTRIA COMPONENTI ELETTRONICI Sede legale: 21053 CASTELLANZA (VA) VIA SALVO D'ACQUISTO, 15 Tel. +39-0331-500.510 Fax +39-0331-503.035 E-mail icel@icel.it http://www.icel.it R.E.A. n. 111635 C.C.P. n. 19864214 Registro imprese: 7492 VA026 Capitale € 51.480 int. vers. 14/12/2018 – Rev.0 General Conditions and Terms of Sale Please refere to the following General Conditions and Terms of Sale, completing and being part of the order confirmation. Since we can accept your order and make a legally enforceable agreement without further reference to you, you must read these terms and conditions to make sure that they contain all that you want and accept and nothing that you are not happy with. If you need clarifications, please contact us at +39 0331 500510 or at icel@icel.it. This document contains the General Conditions and Terms of Sale ruling buying and selling between the companies: (the Seller) and its Customers (the Buyers), applicable to any type of product or service. Order: list of products and services requested and any special conditions governing the relationship. Order confirmation: our official acceptance of the customer order, including reference to the present document. General Conditions and Terms of Sale: these apply to all Supplies. They form an integral and substantial part of each offer and order acknowledgement. 1. General 1.1. These General Conditions and Terms of Sale are applicable together with the conditions included in our order confirmation. In case of contradiction what indicated in the order confirmation will prevail. 1.2. The supply is subordinate to acceptance of the present document “GENERAL CONDITIONS AND TERMS OF SALE”. Application of these General Conditions and Terms of Sale by the Seller is included and valid for all order acknowledgements sent to its customers. 1.3. Acceptance, either express or tacit, constitutes the Buyer’s waiver of the application of its own general and special Terms and Conditions of Purchase. Any condition in the Order that modifies, conflicts with or contradicts these General Conditions and Terms of Sale will be considered invalidated and not applicable, unless specified otherwise herein. The Seller will not accept any verbal agreements or commitments stipulated by its representatives and/or agents in contraddiction with the present document; any divergence from these terms and conditions must be agreed with the Seller (ICEL S.r.l.) and made in writing. 1.4. The Seller reserves the right, at its sole discretion, to modify these General Conditions and Terms of Sale at any time, but it is required to inform the Customer thereof. The order is an irrevocable proposal to buy, but it is deemed accepted by the Seller only following official order confirmation or execution of the order. 1.5. Any reference made to trade terms (such as EXW, CIP, etc.) is deemed to be made to Incoterms published by the International Chamber of Commerce and current at the date of conclusion of the contract. Pag.2 2. Characteristics of the Products – Modifications 2.1. Any information or data relating to technical features and/or specifications of the Products contained in dépliants, price lists, catalogues and similar documents shall be binding only to the extent they are expressly referred to in the Contract. 2.2. The Seller may make any change to the Products which, without affecting the specifications, appear to be necessary or suitable, without need of notice to customers. 3. Rescheduling – Order cancellation 3.1. The purchase order cancellation could be made by the Buyer no later than 6 weeks before scheduled delivery date by written notice, without prejudice to compensation of the duly documented costs incurred by the Seller in executing the Order. Upon receipt of the request to cancel the Order, the Seller must suspend all activities relating to such Order and take all steps to minimize the costs and losses resulting from cancellation. 4. Delivery Time 4.1. If the Seller expects that he will be unable to deliver the Products at the date agreed for delivery, he must inform the Buyer of such occurrence within the shortest delay, in writing o by phone. The Seller must also communicating the estimated new date of delivery. If the delay for which the Seller is responsible lasts more than 8 weeks, the Buyer will be entitled to terminate the Contract, with reference to the Products the delivery of which is delayed only, by giving a written, 10 days notice to the Seller. 4.2. Any delay caused by force majeure (as defined in art. 10) or by acts or omissions of the Buyer (e.g. the lack of indications which are necessary for the supply of the Products), shall not be considered as a delay for which the Seller is responsible. 5. Delivery and shipment – Complaints 5.1. Except as otherwise agreed, the supply of the goods will be Ex Works, even if it is agreed that the Seller will take care, in whole or in part, of the shipment. Any kind of assurance on the shipped goods shall be asked directly by the Buyer 5.2. In any case, whatever the delivery term agreed between the parties, the risks will pass to the Buyer, at the latest, upon delivery of the goods to the first carrier. 5.3. Any complaints relating to packing, quantity or exterior features of the Products (apparent defects), must be notified to the Seller, by registered letter with return receipt, within 6 months from receipt of the Products; failing such notification the Purchaser's right to claim the above defects will be forfeited. Any complaints relating to defects which could not be discovered on the basis of a careful inspection upon receipt (hidden defects) shall be notified to the Seller, by registered letter with return receipt, within 7 days from discovery of the defects and in any case not later than 6 months from delivery; failing such notification the Purchaser's right to claim the above defects will be forfeited. It’s also understood that minor qualities, colors, dimensions and quantities deviations within tolerances and normal fluctuations do not give cause for objections. 5.4. It is agreed that any complaints or objections do not entitle the Buyer to suspend or to delay payment of the Products as well as payment of any other supplies. 5.5. Seller has the right to invoice to the buyer up to ±10% of the quantity ordered by the Buyer. Pag.3 6. Prices 6.1. Unless otherwise agreed, prices are to be considered in EURO / unit measure, taxes excluded, Ex Works, for Products packed according to the usages of the trade with respect to the agreed transport means. It is agreed that any other cost or charge shall be for the account of the Buyer. 7. Payment conditions 7.1. If the parties did not specified the payment conditions, payment must be made as indicated under article hereunder. 7.2. If the parties have agreed on payment on open account, payment must be made, unless specified otherwise, in advance before the shipment, by bank transfer. Payment is deemed to be made when the respective sum is at the Seller's disposal at its bank. If it is agreed that payment must be backed by a bank guarantee, the Buyer must put at the Seller's disposal, at least 30 days before the date of delivery, a first demand bank guarantee, issued in accordance with the ICC Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees by a primary Italian bank and payable against on simple declaration by the Seller that he has not received payment within the agreed term. 7.3. If the parties have agreed on payment in advance, without further indication, it will be assumed that such advance payment refers to the full price. Unless otherwise agreed, the advanced payment must be credited to the Seller's account at least 15 days before the agreed date of delivery. 7.4. If the parties have agreed on payment by documentary credit, the Buyer must, unless otherwise agreed, take the necessary steps in order to have an irrevocable documentary credit, to be issued in accordance with the ICC Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (Publication n. 500), notified to the Seller at least 30 days before the agreed date of delivery. Unless otherwise agreed, the documentary credit shall be confirmed by an Italian bank agreeable to the Seller and will be payable for sight. 7.5. If the parties have agreed on payment against documents (documentary collection) payment will be, unless otherwise agreed, Documents Against Payment. 7.6. Unless otherwise agreed, any expenses or bank commissions due with respect to the payment shall be for the Buyer's account. 8. Warranty and liabilities for defects 8.1. The Products shall be covered by Seller’s standard warranty and liabilities terms and provisions included in the web site www.icel.it 8.2. Seller warrants that goods sold to the Buyer are conform to Seller’s standard specifications for such Products or such other specification as are expressly agreed by the Seller and Buyer in writing. It’ s also understood that information and data contained in the section “General Technical Information” of the catalogues must be considered as a completing part of each family type of Product. Before using a Seller Products in any application, please read carefully the related specifications included in the catalogues. An improper installation or not respecting parameters limits and ratings might cause damage to the products, their characteristics modification and a decrease of their reliability and useful life. Products manufactured by Seller are made with maximum care, in order to result free of defects in design, materials and workmanship, according with adequate specifications. 8.3. Cooperation between Buyer and Seller is basically precious in order to solve problems or when a failure occurs. In case of Buyer complaint, please forward the following information along with an immediate communication of the failure. Only upon previous agreement with Seller, Buyer could send a detailed description of failure, indicating operative condition and type of application, number of defective pieces used on field or tested, eventually expressed in percent on whole quantity used, failure mode and description. It is mandatory the communication of the original batch of goods as printed on the Product or labeled on packing; please also let us know the delivery Pag.4 date and others relevant data from the billing documents. After agreement and upon Seller request, Samples of defective Products should be sent to Seller for analysis, packed in order to prevent additional damages different from the ones detected. Data sheets specifications are referred to a fairly large number of products and do not constitute a guarantee of characteristics or properties in the legal sense. However, agreement on these specifications does not mean that the Buyer may not claim for replacement of individual defective Products within the terms of delivery. Seller will not assume any further liability beyond the replacement of defective Products. This applies in particular to any further consequences of component failure as better specified further in this section. A single failure among a delivered batch of products should not be meaningful of poor reliability of the whole production batch, but should be considered as an early failure or understood to have reached incidentally the end of life within the failure rate defined for each series type. 8.4. The Seller does not warrant that the Products conform to special specifications or technical features or that they are suitable for particular usages except to the extent such characteristics have been expressly agreed upon in the Contract or in documents referred to for that purpose in the Contract or specifications. 8.5. All customer applications in which the malfunction or failure of a passive electronic component or a Product could endanger human life or health (e.g. in accident prevention of life-saving systems), it must therefore be ensured by means of suitable design of the customer application or other action taken by the customer (e.g. installation of protective circuity or redundancy) that no injury or damage is sustained by third parties in the event of malfunction or failure of a passive electronic component. Any warnings, cautions and product specific notes must be observed. 8.6. If claim will be accepted by the Seller and such defects have been timely notified in accordance with art. 5.3, Seller’s liability shall be limited to only replacement or repairing of goods, free of charge, after acknowledgement of received notification by customer. Seller is not responsible for any possible damage to persons or things, of any kind, derived from improper installation, use of application of its products. Seller shall not be liable for any defect due to accident, fair wear and tear, negligent use, tampering, improper handling and shipment, operation and storage or any other default on the parts of any person other than Seller. 8.7. To the maximum extent permitted by above statements, in no event shall Seller or its referred dealers be liable for any damages whatsoever (including without limitation, special, incidental, consequential, or indirect damages for personal injury, loss of business profits, business interruption or any pecuniary loss) arising out of the use or inability to use Seller’s products. In the case of any product liability claim from third parties against Seller, not falling within Seller liability, Customer or Buyer should hold Seller harmless. 8.8. Even in case of certain and agreed Non Conformity, the Seller is not responsible and cannot be required to pay for any cost related to lacking or not adeguate traceability system of the Customer. 8.9. Please also refer to what indicated about the matter in the “General Warning” present in Seller official web site at the link http://www.icel.it/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Generaltechnicalinformation.pdf 8.10. The Seller will evaluate and decide if repairing or replacing the Products which have shown to be defective. The Products repaired or replaced under the warranty will be submitted to the same guarantee of the standard products starting from the date of repair or replacement. Before to return shipments the Buyer has to receive the previous consent by the Seller. Seller will replace goods for which the claim will be accepted only. 9. Retention of title 9.1. It is agreed that, the Products delivered remain the Seller's property until complete payment is received by the Seller. The reservation of title is extended to the Products sold by the Buyer to third parties and to the price of such sales, within the maximum limits set forth by the laws of the country of the Buyer which regulate the present clause. Pag.5 10. Force majeure 10.1. Either party shall have the right to suspend performance of his contractual obligations when such performance becomes impossible or unduly burdensome because of unforeseeable events beyond his control, such as strikes, boycotts, lock-outs, fires, war (either declared or not), civil war, riots, revolutions, requisitions, embargo, energy black-out, events involving suppliers causing delivery stop or impossible raw materials delivery for unpredictable reasons. 10.2. The party wishing to make use of the present clause must promptly communicate in writing to the other party the occurrence and the end of such force majeure circumstances. 10.3. Should the suspension due to force majeure last more than 8 weeks, either party shall have the right to terminate the Contract by a 10 days written notice to the counterpart. 11. Jurisdiction – Arbitration 11.1. The competent law courts of the place where the Seller has his registered office shall have exclusive jurisdiction in any action arising out of or in connection with this contract. However, as an exception to the principle here above, the Seller is in any case entitled to bring his action before the competent court of the place where the Buyer has his registered office. Should the Buyer has his seat out of CEE, all dispute arising out of or in connection with the present General Conditions and Terms of Sale shall be finally settled under the Rules of Arbitration Chamber of Busto Arsizio by one or more arbitrators appointed in accordance with the said Rules.