LM299

LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference May 1999 LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference General Description The LM199 series are precision, temperature-stabilized monolithic zeners offering temperature coefficients a factor of ten better than high quality reference zeners. Constructed on a single monolithic chip is a temperature stabilizer circuit and an active reference zener. The active circuitry reduces the dynamic impedance of the zener to about 0.5Ω and allows the zener to operate over 0.5 mA to 10 mA current range with essentially no change in voltage or temperature coefficient. Further, a new subsurface zener structure gives low noise and excellent long term stability compared to ordinary monolithic zeners. The package is supplied with a thermal shield to minimize heater power and improve temperature regulation. The LM199 series references are exceptionally easy to use and free of the problems that are often experienced with ordinary zeners. There is virtually no hysteresis in reference voltage with temperature cycling. Also, the LM199 is free of voltage shifts due to stress on the leads. Finally, since the unit is temperature stabilized, warm up time is fast. The LM199 can be used in almost any application in place of ordinary zeners with improved performance. Some ideal applications are analog to digital converters, calibration standards, precision voltage or current sources or precision power supplies. Further in many cases the LM199 can replace references in existing equipment with a minimum of wiring changes. The LM199 series devices are packaged in a standard hermetic TO-46 package inside a thermal shield. The LM199 is rated for operation from −55˚C to +125˚C while the LM299 is rated for operation from −25˚C to +85˚C and the LM399 is rated from 0˚C to +70˚C. The LM3999 is packaged in a standard TO-92 package and is rated from 0˚C to +70˚C Features n n n n n n n n n n Guaranteed 0.0001%/˚C temperature coefficient Low dynamic impedance — 0.5Ω Initial tolerance on breakdown voltage — 2% Sharp breakdown at 400 µA Wide operating current — 500 µA to 10 mA Wide supply range for temperature stabilizer Guaranteed low noise Low power for stabilization — 300 mW at 25˚C Long term stability — 20 ppm Proven reliability, low-stress packaging in TO-46 integrated-circuit hermetic package, for low hysteresis after thermal cycling. 33 million hours MTBF at TA = +25˚C (TJ = +86˚C) n Certified long term stability available n MIL-STD-883 compliant Connection Diagrams Metal Can Package (TO-46) Plastic Package TO-92 DS005717-10 DS005717-14 Top View LM199/LM299/LM399 (See Table on fourth page) NS Package Number H04D Bottom View LM3999 (See Table on fourth page) NS Package Number Z03A © 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation DS005717 www.national.com Functional Block Diagrams LM199/LM299/LM399 LM3999 DS005717-15 DS005717-11 www.national.com 2 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Specifications for Military/Aerospace products are not contained in this datasheet. Refer to the following Reliability Electrical Test Specifications documents: RETS199X for LM199, RETS199AX for LM199A. Temperature Stabilizer Voltage LM199/LM299/LM399 LM3999 Reverse Breakdown Current Forward Current LM199/LM299/LM399 LM3999 40V 36V 20 mA 1 mA −0.1 mA Reference to Substrate Voltage V(RS) (Note 2) Operating Temperature Range LM199 LM299 LM399/LM3999 Storage Temperature Range Soldering Information TO-92 package (10 sec.) TO-46 package (10 sec.) 40V −0.1V −55˚C to +125˚C −25˚C to +85˚C −0˚C to +70˚C −55˚C to +150˚C +260˚C +300˚C Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6) Parameter Reverse Breakdown Voltage Reverse Breakdown Voltage Change with Current Reverse Dynamic Impedance Reverse Breakdown Temperature Coefficient IR = 1 mA −55˚C≤TA≤+85˚C +85˚C≤TA≤+125˚C −25˚C≤TA≤85˚C 0˚C≤TA≤+70˚C RMS Noise Long Term Stability Temperature Stabilizer Supply Current Temperature Stabilizer Supply Voltage Warm-Up Time to 0.05% Initial Turn-on Current VS = 30V, TA = 25˚C 9≤VS≤40, TA = +25˚C, (Note 4) 3 140 200 3 140 200 sec. mA 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz Stabilized, 22˚C≤TA≤28˚C, 1000 Hours, IR = 1 mA ± 0.1% TA = 25˚C, Still Air, VS = 30V TA = − 55˚C 9 LM199 LM299 LM399 7 20 8.5 22 14 28 40 9 40 V 20 0.5 0.00003 0.0005 0.00003 1 0.0001 0.0015 0.0001 0.00003 7 20 8.5 15 0.0002 50 0.5 1.5 Ω %/˚C %/˚C %/˚C %/˚C µV ppm mA Conditions 0.5 mA ≤ IR ≤ 10 mA 0.5 mA ≤ IR ≤ 10 mA 6.8 LM199H/LM299H Min Typ 6.95 6 Max 7.1 9 Min 6.6 LM399H Typ 6.95 6 Max 7.3 12 V mV Units Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. Electrical Characteristics (Note 3) Parameter Reverse Breakdown Voltage Reverse Breakdown Voltage Change with Current Reverse Dynamic Impedance Reverse Breakdown Temperature Coefficient RMS Noise Long Term Stability Temperature Stabilizer Temperature Stabilizer Supply Voltage Warm-Up Time to 0.05% VS = 30V, TA = 25˚C 3 Conditions Min 0.6 mA ≤ IR ≤ 10 mA 0.6 mA ≤ IR ≤ 10 mA IR = 1 mA 0˚C ≤ TA ≤ 70˚C 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz Stabilized, 22˚C ≤ TA ≤ 28˚C, 1000 Hours, IR = 1 mA ± 0.1% TA = 25˚C, Still Air, VS = 30V 6.6 LM3999Z Typ 6.95 6 0.6 0.0002 7 20 12 18 36 5 Max 7.3 20 2.2 0.0005 Units V mV Ω %/˚C µV ppm mA V sec. www.national.com Electrical Characteristics (Note 3) Parameter Initial Turn-On Current (Continued) LM3999Z Min Typ 140 Max 200 mA Units Conditions 9 ≤ VS ≤ 40, TA = 25˚C Electrical Characteristics (Notes 3, 6) Parameter Reverse Breakdown Voltage Reverse Breakdown Voltage Change with Current Reverse Dynamic Impedance Reverse Breakdown Temperature Coefficient IR = 1 mA −55˚C≤TA≤+85˚C +85˚C≤TA≤+125˚C −25˚C≤TA≤85˚C 0˚C≤TA≤+70˚C RMS Noise Long Term Stability Temperature Stabilizer Supply Current Temperature Stabilizer Supply Voltage Warm-Up Time to 0.05% Initial Turn-on Current VS = 30V, TA = 25˚C 9≤VS≤40, TA = +25˚C, (Note 4) 3 140 200 3 140 200 sec. mA 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz Stabilized, 22˚C≤TA≤28˚C, 1000 Hours, IR = 1 mA ± 0.1% TA = 25˚C, Still Air, VS = 30V TA = − 55˚C 9 LM199A LM299A LM399A 7 20 8.5 22 14 28 40 9 40 V 20 0.5 0.00002 0.0005 0.00002 1 0.00005 0.0010 0.00005 0.00003 7 20 8.5 15 0.0001 50 0.5 1.5 Ω %/˚C %/˚C %/˚C %/˚C µV ppm mA Conditions 0.5 mA ≤ IR ≤ 10 mA 0.5 mA ≤ IR ≤ 10 mA LM199AH, LM299AH Min 6.8 Typ 6.95 6 Max 7.1 9 Min 6.6 LM399AH Typ 6.95 6 Max 7.3 12 V mV Units Note 2: The substrate is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the temperature stabilizer. The voltage that can be applied to either terminal of the reference is 40V more positive or 0.1V more negative than the substrate. Note 3: These specifications apply for 30V applied to the temperature stabilizer and −55˚C≤TA≤+125˚C for the LM199; −25˚C≤TA≤+85˚C for the LM299 and 0˚C≤TA≤+70˚C for the LM399 and LM3999. Note 4: This initial current can be reduced by adding an appropriate resistor and capacitor to the heater circuit. See the performance characteristic graphs to determine values. Note 5: Do not wash the LM199 with its polysulfone thermal shield in TCE. Note 6: A military RETS electrical test specification is available for the LM199H/883, LM199AH/883, and LM199AH-20/883 on request. Ordering Information Initial Tolerance 2% 5% 5% LM399H LM399AH LM3999Z Z03A and saturated standard cells, so that the deviation of any one group will not cause false indications. Indeed, this comparison process has recently been automated using a specially prepared computer program which is custom-designed to reject noisy data (and require a repeat reading) and to record the average of the best 5 of 7 readings, just as a sagacious standards engineer will reject unbelievable readings. The typical characteristic for the LM199AH-20 is shown below. This computerized print-out form of each reference’s stability is shipped with the unit. LM299AH LM299H LM199AH, LM199AH/883 0˚C to +70˚C −25˚C to +85˚C −55˚C to +125˚C NS Package H04D H04D Certified Long Term Drift The National Semiconductor LM199AH-20, LM299AH-20, and LM399AH-50 are ultra-stable Zener references specially selected from the production runs of LM199AH, LM299AH, LM399AH and tested to confirm a long-term stability of 20, 20, or 50 ppm per 1000 hours, respectively. The devices are measured every 168 hours and the voltage of each device is logged and compared in such a way as to show the deviation from its initial value. Each measurement is taken with a probable-worst-case deviation of ± 2 ppm, compared to the Reference Voltage, which is derived from several groups of NBS-traceable references such as LM199AH-20’s, 1N827’s, www.national.com 4 Typical Characteristics National Semiconductor Certified Long Term Drift Hrs 168 336 504 672 840 1008 Drift −20 −24 −36 −34 −40 −36 Testing Conditions Heater Voltage: 30V Zener Current: 1 mA Ambient Temp.: 25˚C DS005717-12 Typical Performance Characteristics Reverse Characteristics Reverse Voltage Change Dynamic Impedance DS005717-20 DS005717-19 DS005717-21 Zener Noise Voltage Stabilization Time Heater Current DS005717-22 DS005717-23 DS005717-24 5 www.national.com Typical Performance Characteristics Initial Heater Current (Continued) Heater Surge Limit Resistor vs Minimum Supply Voltage at Various Minimum Temperatures Heater Current (To Limit This Surge, See Next Graph) DS005717-25 DS005717-26 DS005717-27 *Heater must be bypassed with a 2 µF or larger tantalum capacitor if resistors are used. Low Frequency Noise Voltage Response Time DS005717-3 DS005717-7 Typical Applications Single Supply Operation Split Supply Operation DS005717-28 DS005717-29 www.national.com 6 Typical Applications (Continued) Negative Heater Supply with Positive Reference Buffered Reference With Single Sypply DS005717-30 DS005717-31 Positive Current Source DS005717-32 Standard Cell Replacement DS005717-33 7 www.national.com Typical Applications (Continued) Negative Current Source DS005717-34 Square Wave Voltage Reference Portable Calibrator* DS005717-35 DS005717-36 *Warm-up time 10 seconds; intermittent operation does not degrade long term stability. 14V Reference Precision Clamp* DS005717-37 DS005717-38 *Clamp will sink 5 mA when input goes more positive than reference www.national.com 8 Typical Applications (Continued) 0V to 20V Power Reference DS005717-39 Bipolar Output Reference DS005717-40 Voltage Reference DS005717-9 9 www.national.com Schematic Diagrams Temperature Stabilizer DS005717-1 Reference DS005717-13 www.national.com 10 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted Order Number LM299H, LM399H, LM199AH, LM199AH/883 LM299AH or LM399AH NS Package H04D Plastic Package Order Number LM3999Z NS Package Z03A 11 www.national.com LM199/LM299/LM399/LM3999 Precision Reference Notes LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. National Semiconductor Corporation Americas Tel: 1-800-272-9959 Fax: 1-800-737-7018 Email: support@nsc.com www.national.com National Semiconductor Europe Fax: +49 (0) 1 80-530 85 86 Email: europe.support@nsc.com Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-530 85 85 English Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-532 78 32 Français Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-532 93 58 Italiano Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-534 16 80 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. 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