LM61_05

LM61 2.7V, SOT-23 or TO-92 Temperature Sensor August 2005 LM61 2.7V, SOT-23 or TO-92 Temperature Sensor General Description The LM61 is a precision integrated-circuit temperature sensor that can sense a −30˚C to +100˚C temperature range while operating from a single +2.7V supply. The LM61’s output voltage is linearly proportional to Celsius (Centigrade) temperature (+10 mV/˚C) and has a DC offset of +600 mV. The offset allows reading negative temperatures without the need for a negative supply. The nominal output voltage of the LM61 ranges from +300 mV to +1600 mV for a −30˚C to +100˚C temperature range. The LM61 is calibrated to provide accuracies of ± 2.0˚C at room temperature and ± 3˚C over the full −25˚C to +85˚C temperature range. The LM61’s linear output, +600 mV offset, and factory calibration simplify external circuitry required in a single supply environment where reading negative temperatures is required. Because the LM61’s quiescent current is less than 125 µA, self-heating is limited to a very low 0.2˚C in still air. Shutdown capability for the LM61 is intrinsic because its inherent low power consumption allows it to be powered directly from the output of many logic gates. Applications n n n n n n n n n Cellular Phones Computers Power Supply Modules Battery Management FAX Machines Printers HVAC Disk Drives Appliances Key Specifications j Accuracy at 25˚C j Accuracy for −30˚C to +100˚C j Accuracy for −25˚C to +85˚C j Temperature Slope j Power Supply Voltage Range j Current Drain @ 25˚C j Nonlinearity j Output Impedance ± 2.0 or ± 3.0˚C (max) ± 4.0˚C (max) ± 3.0˚C (max) +10 mV/˚C +2.7V to +10V 125 µA (max) Features n n n n Calibrated linear scale factor of +10 mV/˚C Rated for full −30˚ to +100˚C range Suitable for remote applications UL Recognized Component ± 0.8˚C (max) 800 Ω (max) Typical Application 01289702 VO = (+10 mV/˚C x T ˚C) + 600 mV Temperature (T) +100˚C +85˚C +25˚C 0˚C −25˚C −30˚C Typical VO +1600 mV +1450 mV +850 mV +600 mV +350 mV +300 mV FIGURE 1. Full-Range Centigrade Temperature Sensor (−30˚C to +100˚C) Operating from a Single Li-Ion Battery Cell © 2005 National Semiconductor Corporation DS012897 www.national.com LM61 Connection Diagrams SOT-23 TO-92 01289701 Top View See NS Package Number mf03a 01289725 See NS Package Number Z03A Ordering Information Order Number Device Top Mark Supplied In Accuracy Over Specified Temperature Range (˚C) Specified Temperature Range Package Type LM61BIM3 LM61BIM3X LM61CIM3 LM61CIM3X LM61BIZ LM61CIZ T1B T1B T1C T1C LM61BIZ LM61CIZ 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel Bulk Bulk ±3 ±4 ±3 ±4 −25˚C to +85˚C SOT-23 −30˚C to +100˚C −25˚C to +85˚C −30˚C to +100˚C TO-92 www.national.com 2 LM61 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Supply Voltage Output Voltage Output Current Input Current at any pin (Note 2) Storage Temperature Maximum Junction Temperature (TJMAX) ESD Susceptibility (Note 3) : Human Body Model Machine Model 2500V 250V +12V to −0.2V (+VS + 0.6V) to −0.6V 10 mA 5 mA −65˚C to +150˚C +125˚C Operating Ratings(Note 1) Specified Temperature Range: LM61C LM61B Supply Voltage Range (+VS) Thermal Resistance, θJA(Note 5) SOT-23 TO-92 TMIN ≤ TA ≤ TMAX −30˚C ≤ TA ≤ +100˚C −25˚C ≤ TA ≤ +85˚C +2.7V to +10V 450˚C/W 180˚C/W Soldering process must comply with National Semiconductor’s Reflow Temperature Profile specifications. Refer to www.national.com/packaging. (Note 4) Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise noted, these specifications apply for +VS = +3.0 VDC. Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX ; all other limits TA = TJ = 25˚C. Parameter Conditions Typical (Note 6) LM61B Limits (Note 7) Accuracy (Note 8) Output Voltage at 0˚C Nonlinearity (Note 9) Sensor Gain (Average Slope) Output Impedance +3.0V ≤ +VS ≤ +10V −30˚C ≤ TA ≤ +85˚C, +VS= +2.7V +85˚C ≤ TA ≤ +100˚C, +VS= +2.7V +3.0V ≤ +VS ≤ +10V +2.7V ≤ +VS ≤ +3.3V Quiescent Current Change of Quiescent Current Temperature Coefficient of Quiescent Current Long Term Stability (Note 11) TJ=TMAX=+100˚C, for 1000 hours +2.7V ≤ +VS ≤ +10V +2.7V ≤ +VS ≤ +10V 82 +10 +600 LM61C Limits (Note 7) Units (Limit) ˚C (max) ˚C (max) mV ˚C (max) mV/˚C (min) mV/˚C (max) kΩ (max) kΩ (max) kΩ (max) mV/V (max) mV (max) µA (max) µA (max) µA µA/˚C ± 2.0 ± 3.0 ± 0.6 +9.7 +10.3 0.8 2.3 5 ± 3.0 ± 4.0 ± 0.8 +9.6 +10.4 0.8 2.3 5 Line Regulation (Note 10) ± 0.7 ± 5.7 125 155 ± 0.7 ± 5.7 125 155 ±5 0.2 ± 0.2 ˚C Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test conditions. Note 2: When the input voltage (VI) at any pin exceeds power supplies (VI < GND or VI > +VS), the current at that pin should be limited to 5 mA. Note 3: The human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor into each pin. The machine model is a 200 pF capacitor discharged directly into each pin. Note 4: Reflow temperature profiles are different for lead-free and non-lead-free packages. Note 5: The junction to ambient thermal resistance (θJA) is specified without a heat sink in still air. Note 6: Typicals are at TJ = TA = 25˚C and represent most likely parametric norm. Note 7: Limits are guaranteed to National’s AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level). Note 8: Accuracy is defined as the error between the output voltage and +10 mV/˚C times the device’s case temperature plus 600 mV, at specified conditions of voltage, current, and temperature (expressed in ˚C). Note 9: Nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of the output-voltage-versus-temperature curve from the best-fit straight line, over the device’s rated temperature range. Note 10: Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output due to heating effects can be computed by multiplying the internal dissipation by the thermal resistance. Note 11: For best long-term stability, any precision circuit will give best results if the unit is aged at a warm temperature, and/or temperature cycled for at least 46 hours before long-term life test begins. This is especially true when a small (Surface-Mount) part is wave-soldered; allow time for stress relaxation to occur. The majority of the drift will occur in the first 1000 hours at elevated temperatures. The drift after 1000 hours will not continue at the first 1000 hour rate. 3 www.national.com LM61 Typical Performance Characteristics The LM61 in the SOT-23 package mounted to a printed circuit board as shown in Figure 2 was used to generate the following thermal curves. Thermal Resistance Junction to Air Thermal Time Constant 01289703 01289704 Thermal Response in Still Air with Heat Sink Thermal Response in Stirred Oil Bath with Heat Sink 01289705 01289706 Thermal Response in Still Air without a Heat Sink Quiescent Current vs. Temperature 01289708 01289709 www.national.com 4 LM61 Typical Performance Characteristics The LM61 in the SOT-23 package mounted to a printed circuit board as shown in Figure 2 was used to generate the following thermal curves. (Continued) Accuracy vs Temperature Noise Voltage 01289710 01289711 Supply Voltage vs Supply Current Start-Up Response 01289722 01289712 01289714 FIGURE 2. Printed Circuit Board Used for Heat Sink to Generate All Curves. 1⁄2" Square Printed Circuit Board with 2 oz. Copper Foil or Similar. 5 www.national.com LM61 1.0 Mounting The LM61 can be applied easily in the same way as other integrated-circuit temperature sensors. It can be glued or cemented to a surface. The temperature that the LM61 is sensing will be within about +0.2˚C of the surface temperature that LM61’s leads are attached to. This presumes that the ambient air temperature is almost the same as the surface temperature; if the air temperature were much higher or lower than the surface temperature, the actual temperature measured would be at an intermediate temperature between the surface temperature and the air temperature. To ensure good thermal conductivity the backside of the LM61 die is directly attached to the GND pin. The lands and traces to the LM61 will, of course, be part of the printed circuit board, which is the object whose temperature is being measured. Alternatively, the LM61 can be mounted inside a sealed-end metal tube, and can then be dipped into a bath or screwed into a threaded hole in a tank. As with any IC, the LM61 and accompanying wiring and circuits must be kept insulated and dry, to avoid leakage and corrosion. This is especially true if the circuit may operate at cold temperatures where condensation can occur. Printed-circuit coatings and varnishes such as Humiseal and epoxy paints or dips are often used to ensure that moisture cannot corrode the LM61 or its connections. The thermal resistance junction to ambient (θJA) is the parameter used to calculate the rise of a device junction temperature due to its power dissipation. For the LM61 the equation used to calculate the rise in the die temperature is as follows: TJ = TA + θJA [(+VS IQ) + (+VS − VO) IL] where IQ is the quiescent current and ILis the load current on the output. Since the LM61’s junction temperature is the actual temperature being measured care should be taken to minimize the load current that the LM61 is required to drive. The table shown in Figure 3 summarizes the rise in die temperature of the LM61 without any loading with a 3.3V supply, and the thermal resistance for different conditions. SOT-23* no heat sink θJA (˚C/W) Still air Moving air 450 TJ − T A (˚C) 0.26 SOT-23** small heat fin θJA (˚C/W) 260 180 TJ − T A (˚C) 0.13 0.09 θJA TO-92* no heat sink TJ − T A (˚C) 0.09 0.05 (˚C/W) 180 90 TO-92*** small heat fin θJA (˚C/W) 140 70 T J − TA (˚C) 0.07 0.03 *Part soldered to 30 gauge wire. **Heat sink used is 1⁄2" square printed circuit board with 2 oz. foil with part attached as shown in Figure 2. ***Part glued and leads soldered to 1" square of 1/16" printed circuit board with 2oz. foil or similar. FIGURE 3. Temperature Rise of LM61 Due to Self-Heating and Thermal Resistance (θJA) 2.0 Capacitive Loads The LM61 handles capacitive loading well. Without any special precautions, the LM61 can drive any capacitive load as shown in Figure 4. Over the specified temperature range the LM61 has a maximum output impedance of 5 kΩ. In an extremely noisy environment it may be necessary to add some filtering to minimize noise pickup. It is recommended that 0.1 µF be added from +VS to GND to bypass the power supply voltage, as shown in Figure 5. In a noisy environment it may be necessary to add a capacitor from the output to ground. A 1 µF output capacitor with the 5 kΩ maximum output impedance will form a 32 Hz lowpass filter. Since the thermal time constant of the LM61 is much slower than the 5 ms time constant formed by the RC, the overall response time of the LM61 will not be significantly affected. For much larger capacitors this additional time lag will increase the overall response time of the LM61. 01289716 FIGURE 5. LM61 with Filter for Noisy Environment 01289715 FIGURE 4. LM61 No Decoupling Required for Capacitive Load www.national.com 6 LM61 2.0 Capacitive Loads (Continued) 01289717 FIGURE 6. Simplified Schematic 7 www.national.com LM61 3.0 Applications Circuits 01289718 FIGURE 7. Centigrade Thermostat 01289719 FIGURE 8. Conserving Power Dissipation with Shutdown 4.0 Recommended Solder Pads for SOT-23 Package 01289720 www.national.com 8 LM61 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted SOT-23 Molded Small Outline Transistor Package (M3) Order Number LM61BIM3, LM61BIM3X, LM61CIM3 or LM61CIM3X NS Package Number mf03a 9 www.national.com LM61 2.7V, SOT-23 or TO-92 Temperature Sensor Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) TO-92 Plastic Package (Z) Order Number LM61BIZ or LM61CIZ NS Package Number Z03A National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com. 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