LM9011

LM9011 Electronic Ignition Interface February 2000 LM9011 Electronic Ignition Interface General Description The LM9011 is an interface circuit which integrates the timing detection and logic control functions required for an automotive electronic ignition system into one device. A VRS interface is provided for crankshaft position information via a toothed-wheel. Four voltage comparators are provided for hardware diagnostics. An electronic timing interface with output fault diagnostics is provided to enable a micro-processor to drive an external four channel ignition spark circuit. The LM9011 is fully specified over the automotive temperature range of -40˚C to +125˚C, and is available in a 28 pin Small Outline surface mount package. Key Specifications Features n Single 5V supply operation n VR Sensor Interface with dynamic hysteresis n Four Channel Electronic Timing spark driver with output diagnostics n Electronic Timing Interface spark driver output voltage from 5V to 16V n One Non-Inverting voltage comparator with hysteresis n Three Inverting voltage comparators with hysteresis Connection Diagram Top View DS101264-1 Ordering Information LM9011M See NS Package M28B © 2000 National Semiconductor Corporation DS101264 www.national.com LM9011 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Voltage S_HI Voltage VR_HI and VR_LO Inputs Comparator Inputs Timing Interface Inputs ESD Susceptibility (Note 3) Maximum Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Lead Soldering Information: Vapor Phase (60 Seconds) Infrared (15 Seconds) 215˚C 220˚C -0.3V to +7.0V -0.3V to 26.5V +/-3mA -0.3V to +7.0V -0.3V to +7.0V +/-2000V 150˚C -65˚C to +150˚C Operating Ratings (Note 3) VCC Voltage S_HI Voltage Sx Outputs Comparator Inputs VR_HI and VR_LO Inputs Timing Interface Inputs Thermal Resistances (M28B): Junction to Case (θJ-C) Junction to Ambient (θJ-C) 15˚C/W 69˚C/W 4.75V to 5.25V VCC to 26V -0.3V to S_HI +0.3V -0.3V to VCC +0.3V +/-2.75mA -0.3V to VCC +0.3V DC Electrical Characteristics Symbol Parameter The following specifications apply for VCC = 5V, VRESET = VCC, VS_HI = VCC, -40˚C ≤ TA ≤ +125˚C, Application Circuit Figure 16, unless otherwise specified. Conditions RESET, IN_4 = VCC I CC Minimum Maximum Units Supply Current ENB, D0, D1, IN_1, IN_2, IN_3 = 0V VR_HI = +12.5µA VR_LO = -12.5µA 25 mA Comparators VTH1 VTH2 VTH3 VTH4 VHYST IBIAS VOH VOL VOH VOL IDIFF(MIN) Input Threshold Input Threshold Input Threshold Input Threshold Input Hysteresis Input Bias Current Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage Output High Voltage Output Low Voltage Minimum Detect Differential Input Current (Note 4) Input Hysteresis (Note 4) Input Hysteresis (Note 4) Input Logic 1 D0, D1, ENB, RESET Input Logic 0 D0, D1, ENB, RESET Input High Current Inputs D0, D1, RESET Input High Current Input ENB VIN = VCC VIN = VCC 2 VIN _1 Decreasing from VCC to 0V until VOUT_1 > VCC/2 VIN_2 Decreasing from VCC to 0V until VOUT_2 > VCC/2 VIN_3 Decreasing from VCC to 0V until VOUT_3 > VCC/2 VIN_4 Decreasing from VCC to 0V until VOUT_4 < VCC/2 All Comparators IN_1, IN_2, IN_3 = 0V ≤ VIN≤VCC IN_4 = 0V ≤ VIN_4 ≤ VCC-1V ILOAD = -100µAV ILOAD = +100µAV ILOAD = -15µA VR_HI= -1mA, VR_LO = +1mA Load = +15µA VR_HI=+1mA, VR_LO = -1mA -40˚C ≤ TA≤ +25˚C TA = +85˚C (Note 7) TA = +125˚C IDIFF = 1mA pk-pk IDIFF = 2.5mA pk-pk VCC X 0.435 VCC X 0.435 VCC X 0.40 VCC X 0.45 150 VCC X 0.485 VCC X 0.485 VCC X 0.45 VCC X 0.50 400 750 V V V V mV µA V VCC -1 750 VCC -1 750 0.5 0.6 1.0 75 185 VCC X 0.7 VCC X 0.3 10 125 3.0 3.5 5.0 250 625 mV V mV uA Pk-Pk uA Pk-Pk uA Pk-Pk uA Pk uA Pk V V µA µA VR Sensor Interface IHYS1 IHYS2 VIH VIL IIH IIH Electronic Timing Interface www.national.com LM9011 DC Electrical Characteristics Symbol IIL IIL VOH VOL VOH VOL VOH VOL VOH VOL VFAULT IFOL Parameter Input Low Current Inputs D0, D1, ENB Input Low Current Input RESET Output High Voltage Outputs S1, S2, S3, S4 Output Low Voltage Outputs S1, S2, S3, S4 Output High Voltage Outputs S1, S2, S3, S4 Output Low Voltage Outputs S1, S2, S3, S4 Output High Voltage Outputs S1, S2, S3, S4 Output Low Voltage Outputs S1, S2, S3, S4 FAULT Pin Output High Voltage FAULT Pin Output Low Voltage Fault Treshold Voltage Outputs S1, S2, S3, S4 TRI-STATE Output Current Outputs S1, S2, S3, S4 The following specifications apply for VCC = 5V, VRESET = VCC, VS_HI = VCC, -40˚C ≤ TA ≤ +125˚C, Application Circuit Figure 16, unless otherwise specified. (Continued) Conditions VIN = 0V VIN = 0V ILOAD = -10mA, VS_HI = 5V ILOAD = 1mA, VS_ HI Minimum Maximum -10 -125 Units µA µA V Electronic Timing Interface 3.75 300 14 450 22 600 VCC -1 750 VCC X 0.2 -12 VCC X 0.5 -50 = 5V mV V mV V mV V mV V µA ILOAD = -10mA, VS_HI = 16V ILOAD = 1mA, VS_HI =16V ILOAD = -10mA, VS_HI =26V ILOAD = 1mA, VS_HI =26V IFAULT = -100µA, no fault IFAULT = 100µA, any fault Sx Output Short Fault VRESET = 0V, VS _HI = 5V RLOAD = 10KΩ AC Electrical Characteristics The following specifications apply for VCC = 5V, VS_HI = VCC, VRESET = VCC, -40˚C≤TA≤+125˚C. The AC Timing Characteristics are not production tested. Minimum and Maximum limits are guaranteed by device characterization. Symbol Comparators TRISE TFALL TRISE TFALL TDELAY Output Rise Time Output Fall Time Output Rise Time Output Fall Time Zero Crossing Delay Time (Note 6) Maximum VRS Frequency 10% to 90%, CLOAD = 25pF 90% to10%, CLOAD = 25pF 10% to 90%, CLOAD = 100pF, RLOAD = 100KΩ 90% to10%, CLOAD = 100pF, RLOAD = 100kΩ IDIFF = 5µA pk-pk, FVRS = 200Hz IDIFF = 50µA pk-pk, FVRS = 2.5KHz CLOAD = 100pF, RLOAD = 100KΩ IDIFF = 5µA pk-pk Sx Rises10% to 90% CLOAD = 6.8nF, RLOAD = 10KΩ CLOAD = 12.7nF, RLOAD = 10KΩ TFALL1 Sx Output Fall Time Sx Falls 90% to 10% CLOAD = 6.8nF, RLOAD = 10KΩ CLOAD = 12.7nF, RLOAD = 10KΩ TSETUP THOLD SetupTime (Notes 7, 8 and 9) Hold Time 1 0.5 15 25 µs µs µs µs 5 8 µs µs 5 5 10 5 1 10 50 µs µs µs ms ms ms KHz Parameter Conditions Minimum Maximum Units VR Sensor Interface (Note 4) FMAX Electronic Timing Interface TRISE1 Sx Output Rise Time 3 www.national.com LM9011 AC Electrical Characteristics Symbol TDF1 Parameter Fault Delay Time (Continued) The following specifications apply for VCC = 5V, VS_HI = VCC, VRESET = VCC, -40˚C≤TA≤+125˚C. The AC Timing Characteristics are not production tested. Minimum and Maximum limits are guaranteed by device characterization. Conditions Sx Output Short to Ground Fault From ENB = 1 to FAULT ≤ 10% CFAULT = 25pF TDF2 Fault Delay Time Sx Output Short to Battery Fault From ENB = 0 to FAULT ≤ 10% CFAULT = 25pF TTRI TRISE 2 TFF(OFF) TRI-STATE Delay Time Fault Pin Rise Time False Fault Time From RESET = 0 to All Sx Outputs Off 10% to 90%, CFAULT = 25pF From ENB = 0 to FAULT ≥ 90% CFAULT = 25pF CLOAD = 6.8nF, RLOAD = 10KΩ CLOAD = 12.7nF, RLOAD = 10KΩ TFF(ON) False Fault Time From ENB = 1 to FAULT ≥ 90% CFAULT = 25pF CLOAD = 6.8nF, RLOAD = 10KΩ CLOAD = 12.7, RLOAD = 10KΩ TUDF Undefined Fault Time From ENB = 0 for 8uSec, to Valid FAULT CLOAD = 6.8nF, RLOAD = 10KΩ CLOAD = 12.7nF, RLOAD = 10KΩ Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate the limits beyond which damage may occur. Note 2: ESD Ratings is with Human Body Model: 100pF discharged through a 1500Ω resistor. Note 3: Operating ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but may not meet the guaranteed specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. Note 4: Tested per VR Sensor Interface test circuit. See figures 8 and 9. Note 5: Minimum Detect Current is not production tested at +85C. Specifications is guaranteed through device characterization and Test Limits at 25˚C and 125˚C. Note 6: VR Sensor Interface Tdelay, measured from VR input sine wave zero-crossing to VR_OUT going high. See figure 9. Note 7: Electronic Timing Interface Tsetup, minimum time between Vcc Minimum Maximum Units Electronic Timing Interface 2 µs 2 2 5 µs µs µs 25 30 µs µs 8 10 µs µs 20 25 µs µs > 4.75V and RESET = 1. Note 8: Electronic Timing Interface Tsetup, minimum time between RESET = 1 and D0 = 1. Note 9: Electronic Timing Interface Tsetup, minimum time between D0 / D1 = valid and ENB = 1. www.national.com 4 LM9011 Typical Performance Characteristics Supply Current vs Temperature Ifol Source Current vs Temperature DS101264-3 DS101264-4 VFault Threshold vs Temperature Sx Source Current vs S_HI Voltage DS101264-5 DS101264-6 Sx Sink Current vs S_HI Voltage Sx Vol vs Sx Sink Current DS101264-7 DS101264-8 5 www.national.com LM9011 Typical Performance Characteristics Sx Voh vs Sx Source Current (Continued) VRS Interface Minimum Detect vs Temperature DS101264-9 DS101264-10 VRS Interface Minimum Detect vs VR_BIAS DS101264-11 www.national.com 6 LM9011 Timing Diagrams DS101264-12 FIGURE 1. Electronic Timing Interface Timing Diagram DS101264-13 FIGURE 2. Fault Pin Timing During Sx Shorted to Ground DS101264-14 FIGURE 3. Fault Pin Timing During Sx Shorted to Battery 7 www.national.com LM9011 Timing Diagrams (Continued) DS101264-15 FIGURE 4. False FAULT Time for Disabled Sx Output DS101264-16 FIGURE 5. False FAULT Time for Enabled Sx Output www.national.com 8 LM9011 Timing Diagrams (Continued) DS101264-17 FIGURE 6. Time for Valid Fault Detection DS101264-18 FIGURE 7. Electronic Timing Interface Typical Waveforms 9 www.national.com LM9011 Timing Diagrams (Continued) DS101264-19 FIGURE 8. VR Interface Test Circuit DS101264-20 FIGURE 9. VR Interface Timing Diagram www.national.com 10 LM9011 Circuit Description VR Sensor Interface The differential inputs, VR_HI and VR_LO are low impedance inputs with a DC voltage bias of one half of Vcc, Both inputs require equal value series resistance on their respective pins to convert the VR sensor voltage to a differential input current. The differential input current range is typically 2.5µA peak-to-peak to 2.5mA peak-to-peak. Each input has active current limiting that will clamp the current at typically +/-5mA. This is intended for short circuit protection and not for input signal limiting. tively derive the hysteresis level. The active hysteresis will typically be 30% of the peak input signal. As the input level falls below typically 10µA peak-to-peak the hysteresis level will begin to rise as the static hysteresis level takes effect. The static hysteresis level is set by the current out of the VR_BIAS pin and is a constant level of typically 1µA peak with a VR_BIAS resistor of 150KΩ. This static hysteresis level acts as the minimum detect threshold as there will be no output if the input signal is not greater than the static hysteresis level. The VR_BIAS resistor can be scaled from typically 50KΩ to 500KΩ, but the practical range is typically 75KΩ to 300KΩ. Increasing the resistance (i.e. reducing the current) will lower the minimum hysteresis level. Conversely, reducing the resistance will raise the minimum hysteresis level. Since the VR_BIAS current is modified by the same square root circuit used for the input signal, the relationship between the VR_BIAS resistor value and the minimum detect level is not linear. For VR_BIAS values greater than 500KΩ, the minimum detect level is typically determined more by the internal device offsets, and thermal effects. DS101264-21 FIGURE 10. VR Sensor Interface Block Diagram Differential voltages of 500mV peak-to-peak to 500V peakto-peak can be processed with the specified 100KΩ series resistor on each input. Numerous variables will determine the output voltage signal from a VR sensor across a frequency range. The input resistors can be scaled from typically 50KΩ to 200KΩ to keep the differential input current with-in the recommended range for a given VR Sensor output voltage. Bypass capacitors can be added to form a low pass filter to limit the differential input signal at the higher frequencies. The VR Sensor interface utilizes a dynamic hysteresis which will increase the hysteresis level as the input signal from the VR Sensor increases. The circuit requires two external components to fully implement the hysteresis function: a capacitor on VR_FC to filter and store the peak detector signals; and a 150KΩ resistor on VR_BIAS to set a reference current for the hysteresis circuit. The typical value range for the peak detector storage capacitor is 0.1µF to 0.47µF. The peak detector has an internal 3KΩ (typical) current limiting resistor to Vcc for charging the storage capacitor. An external resistor in parallel with the peak detector storage capacitor is used to set the RC discharge rate of the peak detector capacitor. For input levels greater than typically 10µA peak-to-peak the voltage on the peak detector output pin VR_FC is used to ac- DS101264-22 FIGURE 11. Voltage Comparator Block Diagram Voltage Comparators The circuit includes four general purpose voltage comparators that use an internal reference voltage to set their voltage thresholds. Three of the comparators have their noninverting inputs tied to the internal reference voltage, and their inverting-inputs are brought out. The remaining one comparator has its inverting input tied to the internal voltage reference, and its non-inverting input is brought out. All four comparators include hysteresis to improve noise immunity. The comparator outputs are internally pulled up to VCC. Any un-used comparator should have its input connected to device ground. 11 www.national.com LM9011 Circuit Description (Continued) DS101264-23 FIGURE 12. Electronic Timing Interface Block Diagram DS101264-24 FIGURE 13. Output Fault Detection Block Diagram www.national.com 12 LM9011 Circuit Description (Continued) Electronic Timing Interface Inputs RESET 0 1 1 1 1 1 ENB X 0 1 1 1 1 D0 X X 0 1 0 1 D1 X X 0 0 1 1 S1 Tri L H L L L S2 Tri L L H L L Output S3 Tri L L L H L S4 Tri L L L L H FIGURE 14. Truth Table for Electronic Timing Interface The Electronic Timing Interface provide signals to the spark module from the micro-processor. The interface requires four input data signals, and provides four output control channels. The interface also provides one output channel for diagnostic information for any open or shorted loads on S1 to S4. The RESET pin has an internal pull-up resistor to VCC of typically 100KΩ, and the ENB pin has an internal pull-down resistor to ground of typically 100KΩ. To put the outputs into the TRI-STATE mode at power-on, the RESET pin should be held low until VCC is above 4.75V. This can be accomplished by micro-processor control, or by adding a capacitor from the RESET pin to ground. The RESET pin is used to disable the spark driver outputs by putting them in a TRI-STATE mode. While in the TRI-STATE mode the Open Output Fault detection circuitry is active. An open Output is detected by forcing a small current (IFOL) through the outputs to the loads, and monitoring the voltage on the output pins rises above the Output Fault Threshold Voltage (VFAULT) the FAULT pin will be forced low. The intent is to detect an open wire condition, and not necessarily to detect a local resistance threshold. Note that if any output has a Short to battery fault, the fault pin will go low during this TRI-STATE mode. The internal comparator is unable to discern why an output pin may be above the Fault Threshold Voltage, only that it is. In any case, a fault is reported, even if it is not the anticipated fault. The TRI-STATE mode is a latched condition. For the outputs to come out of the TRI-STATE mode, the RESET pin must be high, and then the data input pin D0 must toggle from a low state to a high state. The state of the outputs will now be set by the data inputs D0 and D1, and the ENB input. If ENB is low when the TRI-STATE mode is cleared, all of the outputs will go low. Pins D0 and D1 are used select an output, and ENB will enable the selected output. The outputs have have active pull up to S_HI, and the active pull down to Ground. The default not enabled output conditions is low, and the enabled output condition is high. Only one output can be enabled (high) at a time. The outputs are not latched in any state and will follow the input selected with D0 and D1 as long as ENB is high. The detection of an output shorted to ground, or battery, is dependent on the status of ENB. While ENB is logical 0, all of the outputs are forced low and the Short to Battery fault detection circuitry is active. A Short to Battery is detected by monitoring the voltage on the output pins. If the voltage on any output pin is above the Fault Threshold Voltage (VFAULT) the FAULT pin will go low. The output current sink is limited to typically 8mA. The short to battery condition must be able to provide enough current to overcome the current limit and raise the output pin voltage above the VFAULT threshold. When ENB is logical 1, the selected output will be high and the Short to Ground detection circuitry is active. A Short to Ground is detected by monitoring the voltage on the output pins. If the voltage on the selected output pin is below the Fault Threshold Voltage (VFAULT) the FAULT pin will go low. The output current source is from S_HI limited to typically 25mA to 50mA across the S_HI voltage range. The short to ground condition must be allow enough resistance to allow the output pin voltage to fall below the VFAULT threshold with the output sourcing short circuit current. Typically, a short to ground which has 100 Ohms of resistance, or more, can not be reliably detected. Typically, a short to ground of 20 Ohms, or less, can be reliably detected across the entire S_HI voltage range and device operating temperature range. Note that if any output has a Short to Battery fault, a Short to 13 www.national.com LM9011 Circuit Description (Continued) DS101264-25 Figure 15. FAULT Pin Output During Normal Operation Ground cannot be detected. The internal logic is unable to discern which output pin is above the Fault Threshold Voltage, only that a pin is. Thus, the logical requirement of an Sx pin voltage above the Fault Threshold voltage is met and no fault is reported. The output rise and fall times are basically a function of the output current drive (source and sink) and the output load characteristics. Due to the scaling of the output stages, and variations in the value of S_HI, the fall time will typically be two to ten times longer than the rise time for a given capacitive load. Since the output fault detection mode changes immediately with the status of the ENB pin, and the voltage on the output pin cannot change instantly, the FAULT pin will go low during the output transition times. The FAULT pin will stay low until the output voltage rises above, or falls below, the active fault threshold. See Figure 15. When switching the outputs from the active mode to the TRISTATE mode the ENB should be taken low first. This will take all of the outputs low. Then the RESET pin can be taken low. This will eliminate false ’open’ faults that will be generated while waiting for the one output that was high, to discharge any capacitance below the VFAULT threshold. www.national.com 14 LM9011 Circuit Description (Continued) DS101264-26 Figure 16. Typical Application 15 www.national.com LM9011 Electronic Ignition Interface Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted Note: Unless otherwise specified. 1. 2. 3. STANDARD LEAD FINISH TO BE 200 MICROINCHES / 5.08 MICROMETERS MINIMUM LEAD / TIN (SOLDER) ON COPPER. DIMENSION DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. REFERENCE JEDEC REGISTRATION MS-013, VARIATION AE, DATED MAY 1990. 28-LEAD MOLDED PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE PACKAGE NS Package Number M28B LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. National Semiconductor Corporation Americas Tel: 1-800-272-9959 Fax: 1-800-737-7018 Email: support@nsc.com www.national.com National Semiconductor Europe Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86 Email: europe.support@nsc.com Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208 English Tel: +44 (0) 870 24 0 2171 Français Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Customer Response Group Tel: 65-2544466 Fax: 65-2504466 Email: ap.support@nsc.com National Semiconductor Japan Ltd. Tel: 81-3-5639-7560 Fax: 81-3-5639-7507 National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.