LP2992IM5-1.5

LP2992 Micropower 250 mA Low-Noise Ultra Low-Dropout Regulator in SOT-23 and LLP Packages June 2002 LP2992 Micropower 250 mA Low-Noise Ultra Low-Dropout Regulator in SOT-23 and LLP Packages Designed for Use with Very Low ESR Output Capacitors General Description The LP2992 is a 250 mA, fixed-output voltage regulator designed to provide ultra low-dropout and low noise in battery powered applications. Using an optimized VIP™ (Vertically Integrated PNP) process, the LP2992 delivers unequalled performance in all specifications critical to battery-powered designs: Dropout Voltage: Typically 450 mV @ 250 mA load, and 5 mV @ 1 mA load. Ground Pin Current: Typically 1500 µA @ 250 mA load, and 75 µA @ 1 mA load. Enhanced Stability: The LP2992 is stable with output capacitor ESR as low as 5 mΩ, which allows the use of ceramic capacitors on the output. Sleep Mode: Less than 1 µA quiescent current when ON/OFF pin is pulled low. Smallest Possible Size: SOT-23 and LLP packages use absolute minimum board space. Precision Output: 1% tolerance output voltages available (A grade). Low Noise: By adding a 10 nF bypass capacitor, output noise can be reduced to 30 µV (typical). Multiple voltage options, from 1.5V to 5.0V, are available as standard products. Consult factory for custom voltages. Features n n n n n n n n n n n n n n Ultra low dropout voltage Guaranteed 250 mA output current Smallest possible size (SOT-23, LLP package) Requires minimum external components Stable with low-ESR output capacitor < 1 µA quiescent current when shut down Low ground pin current at all loads Output voltage accuracy 1% (A Grade) High peak current capability Wide supply voltage range (16V max) Low ZOUT: 0.3Ω typical (10 Hz to 1 MHz) Overtemperature/overcurrent protection −40˚C to +125˚C junction temperature range Custom voltages available Applications n n n n Cellular Phone Palmtop/Laptop Computer Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) Camcorder, Personal Stereo, Camera Block Diagram 20029401 VIP™ is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation. © 2002 National Semiconductor Corporation DS200294 www.national.com LP2992 Basic Application Circuit 20029402 *ON/OFF input must be actively terminated. Tie to VIN if this function is not to be used. **Minimum capacitance is shown to ensure stability (may be increased without limit). Ceramic capacitor required for output (see Application Hints). ***Reduces output noise (may be omitted if application is not noise critical). Use ceramic or film type with very low leakage current (see Application Hints). Connection Diagrams 5-Lead Small Outline Package (M5) 6-Lead LLP Package (LD) 20029403 20029446 Top View See NS Package Number MF05A For ordering information see Table 1 Top View See NS Package Number NLDBA006 Outline Drawing LDE06A www.national.com 2 LP2992 Ordering Information TABLE 1. Package Marking and Ordering Information Output Voltage (V) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Grade Order Information Package Marking LFBA LFBA LFBB LFBB LFCA LFCA LFCB LFCB LFDA LFDA LFDB LFDB LF8A LF8A LF8B LF8B LFEA LFEA LFEB LFEB LFFA LFFA LFFB LFFB L011A L011A L011AB L011AB L012A L012A L012AB L012AB L013A L013A L013AB L013AB L014A L014A L014AB L014AB L015A L015A L015AB L015AB Supplied as: 5-Lead Small Outline Package (M5) A A STD STD A A STD STD A A STD STD A A STD STD A A STD STD A A STD STD A A STD STD A A STD STD A A STD STD A A STD STD A A STD STD LP2992AIM5X-1.5 LP2992AIM5-1.5 LP2992IM5X-1.5 LP2992IM5-1.5 LP2992AIM5X-1.8 LP2992AIM5-1.8 LP2992IM5X-1.8 LP2992IM5-1.8 LP2992AIM5X-2.5 LP2992AIM5-2.5 LP2992IM5X-2.5 LP2992IM5-2.5 LP2992AIM5X-3.0 LP2992AIM5-3.0 LP2992IM5X-3.0 LP2992IM5-3.0 LP2992AIM5X-3.3 LP2992AIM5-3.3 LP2992IM5X-3.3 LP2992IM5-3.3 LP2992AIM5X-5.0 LP2992AIM5-5.0 LP2992IM5X-5.0 LP2992IM5-5.0 LP2992AILDX-1.5 LP2992AILD-1.5 LP2992ILDX-1.5 LP2992ILD-1.5 LP2992AILDX-1.8 LP2992AILD-1.8 LP2992ILDX-1.8 LP2992ILD-1.8 LP2992AILDX-2.5 LP2992AILD-2.5 LP2992ILDX-2.5 LP2992ILD-2.5 LP2992AILDX-3.3 LP2992AILD-3.3 LP2992ILDX-3.3 LP2992ILD-3.3 LP2992AILDX-5.0 LP2992AILD-5.0 LP2992ILDX-5.0 LP2992ILD-5.0 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 3000 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 4500 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 4500 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 4500 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 4500 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 4500 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 4500 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 4500 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 4500 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 4500 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 4500 Units on Tape and Reel 1000 Units on Tape and Reel 6-Lead LLP Package (LDE06A) 3 www.national.com LP2992 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Input Supply Voltage (Survival) Input Supply Voltage (Operating) Shutdown Input Voltage (Survival) Output Voltage (Survival, (Note 4)) IOUT (Survival) Input-Output Voltage (Survival, (Note 5)) −0.3V to +16V 2.2V to +16V −0.3V to +16V −0.3V to +9V Short Circuit Protected −0.3V to +16V If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Storage Temperature Range Operating Junction Temperature Range Lead Temp. (Soldering, 5 sec.) ESD Rating (Note 2) Power Dissipation (Note 3) −65˚C to +150˚C −40˚C to +125˚C 260˚C 2 kV Internally Limited Electrical Characteristics Limits in standard typeface are for TJ = 25˚C. and limits in boldface type apply over the full operating temperature range. Unless otherwise specified: VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, IL = 1 mA, CIN = 1 µF, COUT = 4.7 µF, VON/OFF = 2V. LP2992AI-X.X Symbol ∆VO Parameter Output Voltage Tolerance Conditions IL = 1 mA 1 mA ≤ IL ≤ 50 mA 1 mA ≤ IL ≤ 250 mA Output Voltage Line Regulation VIN(min) Minimum input voltage required to maintain outpout regulation Dropout Voltage (Note 7) IL = 0 IL = 1 mA IL = 50 mA IL = 150 mA IL = 250 mA IGND Ground Pin Current IL = 0 IL = 1 mA IL = 50 mA IL = 150 mA IL = 250 mA VON/OFF < 0.3V VON/OFF < 0.15V VON/OFF ON/OFF Input Voltage (Note 8) High = O/P ON Low = O/P OFF 2.05 VO(NOM)+1V ≤ VIN ≤ 16V 0.007 Typ (Note 6) Min −1.0 −1.5 −2.5 −3.5 −4.5 Max 1.0 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 0.014 0.032 2.20 LP2992I-X.X (Note 6) Min −1.5 −2.5 −3.5 −4.0 −5.0 Max 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.0 5.0 0.014 %/V 0.032 2.20 V %VNOM Units VIN–VO 0.5 5 100 260 450 65 75 350 850 1500 0.01 0.05 1.4 0.55 1.6 2.5 4 9 12 125 180 325 470 575 850 95 125 110 170 600 1000 1500 2500 2300 4000 0.8 2 1.6 0.15 2.5 4 9 12 125 180 325 470 575 850 95 125 110 170 600 1000 1500 2500 2300 4000 0.8 2 0.15 V µA mV www.national.com 4 LP2992 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Limits in standard typeface are for TJ = 25˚C. and limits in boldface type apply over the full operating temperature range. Unless otherwise specified: VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, IL = 1 mA, CIN = 1 µF, COUT = 4.7 µF, VON/OFF = 2V. LP2992AI-X.X Symbol Parameter ON/OFF Input Current Output Noise Voltage (RMS) Ripple Rejection Conditions VON/OFF = 0 VON/OFF = 5V BW = 300 Hz to 50 kHz, COUT = 10 µF CBYPASS = 10 nF f = 1 kHz, CBYPASS = 10 nF COUT = 10 µF 45 dB 30 µV Typ 0.01 5 (Note 6) Min Max −2 15 LP2992I-X.X (Note 6) Min Max −2 15 µA Units ION/OFF en IO(SC) IO(PK) Short Circuit Current Peak Output Current RL = 0 (Steady State) (Note 9) VOUT ≥ Vo(NOM) −5% 400 350 mA mA Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage to the component may occur. Electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device outside of its rated operating conditions. Note 2: The ESD rating of pins 3 and 4 for the SOT-23 package, or pins 1 and 3 for the LLP package, is 1 kV. Note 3: The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the maximum junction temperature, TJ(MAX), the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance, θJ-A, and the ambient temperature, TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperture is calculated using: Where the value of θJ-A for the SOT-23 package is 220˚C/W in a typical PC board mounting and the LLP package is 65˚C/W. Exceeding the maximum allowable dissipation will cause excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. Note 4: If used in a dual-supply system where the regulator load is returned to a negative supply, the LP2992 output must be diode-clamped to ground. Note 5: The output PNP structure contains a diode between the VIN to VOUT terminals that is normally reverse-biased. Reversing the polarity from VIN to VOUT will turn on this diode. Note 6: Limits are 100% production tested at 25˚C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlation using Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. The limits are used to calculate National’s Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL). Note 7: VIN must be the greater of 2.2V or VOUT(nom) + Dropout Voltage to maintain output regulation. Dropout voltage is defined as the input to output differential at which the output voltage drops 2% below the value measured with a 1V differential. Note 8: The ON/OFF input must be properly driven to prevent possible misoperation. For details, refer to Application Hints. Note 9: The LP2992 has foldback current limiting which allows a high peak current when VOUT > 0.5V, and then reduces the maximum output current as VOUT is forced to ground (see Typical Performance Characteristics curves). 5 www.national.com LP2992 Typical Performance Characteristics VOUT(NOM) +1, TA = 25˚C, ON/OFF pin is tied to VIN. VOUT vs Temperature Unless otherwise specified: CIN = 1µF, COUT = 4.7µF, VIN = Short-Circuit Current 20029409 20029408 Short-Circuit Current Short Circuit Current vs Output Voltage 20029410 20029411 Ripple Rejection Ripple Rejection 20029413 20029414 www.national.com 6 LP2992 Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: CIN = 1µF, COUT = 4.7µF, VIN = VOUT(NOM) +1, TA = 25˚C, ON/OFF pin is tied to VIN. Ripple Rejection (Continued) Ripple Rejection 20029415 20029416 Ripple Rejection Ripple Rejection 20029417 20029418 Ripple Rejection Ripple Rejection 20029419 20029423 7 www.national.com LP2992 Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: CIN = 1µF, COUT = 4.7µF, VIN = VOUT(NOM) +1, TA = 25˚C, ON/OFF pin is tied to VIN. Ripple Rejection (Continued) Output Impedance vs Frequency 20029422 20029420 Output Impedance vs Frequency Output Noise Density 20029421 20029424 Output Noise Density GND Pin vs Load Current 20029425 20029426 www.national.com 8 LP2992 Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: CIN = 1µF, COUT = 4.7µF, VIN = VOUT(NOM) +1, TA = 25˚C, ON/OFF pin is tied to VIN. (Continued) Dropout Voltage vs Temperature Input Current vs Pin 20029427 20029429 Ignd vs Load and Temperature Instantaneous Short Circuit Current 20029430 20029431 Load Transient Response Load Transient Response 20029433 20029434 9 www.national.com LP2992 Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: CIN = 1µF, COUT = 4.7µF, VIN = VOUT(NOM) +1, TA = 25˚C, ON/OFF pin is tied to VIN. (Continued) Load Transient Response Line Transient Response 20029447 20029435 Line Transient Response Line Transient Response 20029436 20029437 Line Transient Response Turn-On Time 20029438 20029439 www.national.com 10 LP2992 Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: CIN = 1µF, COUT = 4.7µF, VIN = VOUT(NOM) +1, TA = 25˚C, ON/OFF pin is tied to VIN. Turn-On Time (Continued) Turn-On Time 20029440 20029441 Turn-On Time 20029442 11 www.national.com LP2992 Application Hints EXTERNAL CAPACITORS Like any low-dropout regulator, the LP2992 requires external capacitors for regulator stability. These capacitors must be correctly selected for good performance. Input Capacitor An input capacitor whose capacitance is ≥ 1 µF is required between the LP2992 input and ground (the amount of capacitance may be increased without limit). This capacitor must be located a distance of not more than 1 cm from the input pin and returned to a clean analog ground. Any good quality ceramic, tantalum, or film capacitor may be used at the input. Important: Tantalum capacitors can suffer catastrophic failure due to surge current when connected to a low-impedance source of power (like a battery or very large capacitor). If a Tantalum capacitor is used at the input, it must be guaranteed by the manufacturer to have a surge current rating sufficient for the application. There are no requirements for ESR on the input capacitor, but tolerance and temperature coefficient must be considered when selecting the capacitor to ensure the capacitance will be ≥ 1 µF over the entire operating temperature range. Output Capacitor: The LP2992 is designed specifically to work with ceramic output capacitors, utilizing circuitry which allows the regulator to be stable across the entire range of output current with an output capacitor whose ESR is as low as 5 mΩ. It may also be possible to use Tantalum or film capacitors at the output, but these are not as attractive for reasons of size and cost (see next section Capacitor Characteristics). The output capacitor must meet the requirement for minimum amount of capacitance and also have an ESR (equivalent series resistance) value which is within the stable range. Curves are provided which show the stable ESR range as a function of load current (see ESR graph below). ceramic capacitors can exhibit large changes in capacitance with temperature (see next section, Capacitor Characteristics). The output capacitor must be located not more than 1 cm from the output pin and returned to a clean analog ground. Noise Bypass Capacitor: Connecting a 10 nF capacitor to the Bypass pin significantly reduces noise on the regulator output. It should be noted that the capacitor is connected directly to a high-impedance circuit in the bandgap reference. Because this circuit has only a few microamperes flowing in it, any significant loading on this node will cause a change in the regulated output voltage. For this reason, DC leakage current through the noise bypass capacitor must never exceed 100 nA, and should be kept as low as possible for best output voltage accuracy. The types of capacitors best suited for the noise bypass capacitor are ceramic and film. High-quality ceramic capacitors with either NPO or COG dielectric typically have very low leakage. 10 nF polypropolene and polycarbonate film capacitors are available in small surface-mount packages and typically have extremely low leakage current. CAPACITOR CHARACTERISTICS The LP2992 was designed to work with ceramic capacitors on the output to take advantage of the benefits they offer: for capacitance values in the 2.2 µF to 10 µF range, ceramics are the least expensive and also have the lowest ESR values (which makes them best for eliminating high-frequency noise). The ESR of a typical 4.7 µF ceramic capacitor is in the range of 5 mΩ to 10 mΩ, which easily meets the ESR limits required for stability by the LP2992. One disadvantage of ceramic capacitors is that their capacitance can vary with temperature. Most large value ceramic capacitors (≥ 2.2 µF) are manufactured with the Z5U or Y5V temperature characteristic, which results in the capacitance dropping by more than 50% as the temperature goes from 25˚C to 85˚C. This could cause problems if a 4.7 µF capacitor were used on the output since it will drop down to approximately 2.3 µF at high ambient temperatures (which could cause the LP2992 to oscillate). If Z5U or Y5V capacitors are used on the output, a minimum capacitance value of 10 µF must be observed. A better choice for temperature coefficient in ceramic capacitors is X7R, which holds the capacitance within ± 15%. Unfortunately, the larger values of capacitance are not offered by all manufacturers in the X7R dielectric. Tantalum: Tantalum capacitors are less desirable than ceramics for use as output capacitors because they are more expensive when comparing equivalent capacitance and voltage ratings in the 1 µF to 4.7 µF range. Another important consideration is that Tantalum capacitors have higher ESR values than equivalent size ceramics. This means that while it may be possible to find a Tantalum capacitor with an ESR value within the stable range, it would have to be larger in capacitance (which means bigger and more costly) than a ceramic capacitor with the same ESR value. 20029407 Important: The output capacitor must maintain its ESR within the stable region over the full operating temperature range of the application to assure stability. The LP2992 requires a minimum of 4.7 µF on the output (output capacitor size can be increased without limit). It is important to remember that capacitor tolerance and variation with temperature must be taken into consideration when selecting an output capacitor so that the minimum required amount of output capacitance is provided over the full operating temperature range. It should be noted that www.national.com 12 LP2992 Application Hints (Continued) It should also be noted that the ESR of a typical Tantalum will increase about 2:1 as the temperature goes from 25˚C down to −40˚C, so some guard band must be allowed. ON/OFF INPUT OPERATION The LP2992 is shut off by driving the ON/OFF input low, and turned on by pulling it high. If this feature is not to be used, the ON/OFF input should be tied to VIN to keep the regulator output on at all times. To assure proper operation, the signal source used to drive the ON/OFF input must be able to swing above and below the specified turn-on/turn-off voltage thresholds listed in the Electrical Characteristics section under VON/OFF. To prevent mis-operation, the turn-on (and turn-off) voltage signals applied to the ON/OFF input must have a slew rate which is ≥ 40 mV/µs. Caution: the regulator output voltage can not be guaranteed if a slow-moving AC (or DC) signal is applied that is in the range between the specified turn-on and turn-off voltages listed under the electrical specification VON/OFF (see Electrical Characteristics). REVERSE INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE The PNP power transistor used as the pass element in the LP2992 has an inherent diode connected between the regulator output and input. During normal operation (where the input voltage is higher than the output) this diode is reverse-biased. However, if the output is pulled above the input, this diode will turn ON and current will flow into the regulator output. In such cases, a parasitic SCR can latch which will allow a high current to flow into VIN (and out the ground pin), which can damage the part. In any application where the output may be pulled above the input, an external Schottky diode must be connected from VIN to VOUT (cathode on VIN, anode on VOUT), to limit the reverse voltage across the LP2992 to 0.3V (see Absolute Maximum Ratings). LLP Mounting The LLP package requires specific mounting techniques which are detailed in National Semiconductor Application Note # 1187. Referring to the section PCB Design Recommendations, it should be noted that the pad style which should be used with the LLP package is the NSMD (non-solder mask defined) type. 13 www.national.com LP2992 Physical Dimensions unless otherwise noted inches (millimeters) 5-Lead Small Outline Package (M5) NS Package Number MF05A For Order Numbers, refer to Table 1 in the “Ordering Information” section of this document. www.national.com 14 LP2992 Micropower 250 mA Low-Noise Ultra Low-Dropout Regulator in SOT-23 and LLP Packages Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 6-Lead LLP Package (LD) NS Package Number LDE06A LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. National Semiconductor Corporation Americas Email: support@nsc.com National Semiconductor Europe Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86 Email: europe.support@nsc.com Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208 English Tel: +44 (0) 870 24 0 2171 Français Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Customer Response Group Tel: 65-2544466 Fax: 65-2504466 Email: ap.support@nsc.com National Semiconductor Japan Ltd. Tel: 81-3-5639-7560 Fax: 81-3-5639-7507 www.national.com National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.