LPV321

LPV321 Single/ LPV358 Dual/ LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifiers August 1999 LPV321 Single/ LPV358 Dual/ LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifiers General Description The LPV321/358/324 are low power (9µA per channel at 5.0V) versions of the LMV321/358/324 op amps. This is another addition to the LMV321/358/324 family of commodity op amps. The LPV321/358/324 are the most cost effective solutions for the applications where low voltage, low power operation, space saving and low price are needed. The LPV321/358/324 have rail-to-rail output swing capability and the input common-mode voltage range includes ground. They all exhibit excellent speed-power ratio, achieving 152 KHz of bandwidth with a supply current of only 9µA. The LPV321 is available in space saving SC70-5, which is approximately half the size of SOT23-5. The small package saves space on pc boards, and enables the design of small portable electronic devices. It also allows the designer to place the device closer to the signal source to reduce noise pickup and increase signal integrity. The chips are built with National’s advanced submicron silicon-gate BiCMOS process. The LPV321/358/324 have bipolar input and output stages for improved noise performance and higher output current drive. Features (For V+ = 5V and V− = 0V, Typical Unless Otherwise Noted) j Guaranteed 2.7V and 5V Performance j No Crossover Distortion j Space Saving Package j Industrial Temp.Range j Gain-Bandwidth Product j Low Supply Current SC70-5 2.0x2.1x1.0mm −40˚C to +85˚C 152KHz 9µA 15µA 28µA V+−3.5mV V−+90mV −0.2V to V+ −0.8V LPV321 LPV358 LPV324 j Rail-to-Rail Output Swing @ 100kΩ Load j VCM Applications n Active Filters n General Purpose Low Voltage Applications n General Purpose Portable Devices Connection Diagrams 5-Pin SC70-5/SOT23-5 14-Pin SO/TSSOP DS100920-3 DS100920-1 Top View 8-Pin SO/MSOP Top View DS100920-2 Top View © 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation DS100920 www.national.com Ordering Information Temperature Range Package 5-Pin SC70-5 5-Pin SOT23-5 8-Pin Small Outline 8-Pin MSOP 14-Pin Small Outline 14-Pin TSSOP Industrial −40˚C to +85˚C LPV321M7 LPV321M7X LPV321M5 LPV321M5X LPV358M LPV358MX LPV358MM LPV358MMX LPV324M LPV324MX LPV324MT LPV324MTX A19 A19 A27A A27A LPV358M LPV358M P358 P358 LPV324M LPV324M LPV324MT LPV324MT 1k Units Tape and Reel 3k Units Tape and Reel 1k Units Tape and Reel 3k Units Tape and Reel Rails 2.5k Units Tape and Reel 1k Units Tape and Reel 3.5k Units Tape and Reel Rails 2.5k Units Tape and Reel Rails 2.5k Units Tape and Reel M08A MUA08A M14A MTC14 MA05B MAA05 Packaging Marking Transport Media NSC Drawing www.national.com 2 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. ESD Tolerance (Note 2) Machine Model Human Body Model Differential Input Voltage Supply Voltage (V+–V −) Output Short Circuit to V Output Short Circuit to V Soldering Information Infrared or Convection (20 sec) Storage Temp. Range 235˚C −65˚C to 150˚C + − Junction Temp. (Tj, max) (Note 5) 150˚C Operating Ratings (Note 1) Supply Voltage Temperature Range Thermal Resistance (θ 5-pin SC70-5 5-pin SOT23-5 8-Pin SOIC 8-Pin MSOP 14-Pin SOIC 14-Pin TSSOP JA)(Note 2.7V to 5V −40˚C≤T J≤85˚C 10) 478˚C/W 265˚C/W 190˚C/W 235˚C/W 145˚C/W 155˚C/W 100V 2000V ± Supply Voltage 5.5V (Note 3) (Note 4) 2.7V DC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T Symbol VOS TCVOS IB IOS CMRR PSRR VCM Parameter Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Average Drift Input Bias Current Input Offset Current Common Mode Rejection Ratio Power Supply Rejection Ratio Input Common-Mode Voltage Range 0V ≤ VCM ≤ 1.7V 2.7V ≤ V+ ≤ 5V VO = 1V, VCM = 1V For CMRR ≥ 50dB J = 25˚C, V+ = 2.7V, V− = 0V, VCM = 1.0V, VO = V+/2 and R Typ (Note 6) 1.2 2 1.7 0.6 70 65 −0.2 1.9 50 40 50 50 0 1.7 V+ -100 180 8 16 24 Limit (Note 7) 7 L > 1 MΩ. Units mV max µV/˚C nA max nA max dB min dB min V min V max mV min mV max µA max µA max µA max Conditions VO Output Swing RL = 100kΩ to 1.35V V+ -3 80 IS Supply Current LPV321 LPV358 Both amplifiers LPV324 All four amplifiers 4 8 16 3 www.national.com 2.7V AC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T Symbol GBWP Φm Gm en in Parameter Gain-Bandwidth Product Phase Margin Gain Margin Input-Referred Voltage Noise Input-Referred Current Noise f = 1 kHz f = 1 kHz J = 25˚C, V+ = 2.7V, V− = 0V, VCM = 1.0V, VO = V+/2 and R Typ (Note 6) 112 97 35 178 0.50 Limit (Note 7) L > 1 MΩ. Units KHz Deg dB Conditions CL = 22 pF 5V DC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. Symbol VOS TCVOS IB IOS CMRR PSRR VCM Parameter Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Average Drift Input Bias Current Input Offset Current Common Mode Rejection Ratio Power Supply Rejection Ratio Input Common-Mode Voltage Range 0V ≤ VCM ≤ 4V 2.7V ≤ V+ ≤ 5V VO = 1V, VCM = 1V For CMRR ≥ 50dB J = 25˚C, V+ = 5V, V− = 0V, VCM = 2.0V, VO = V+/2 and R Typ (Note 6) 1.5 2 2 0.6 71 65 −0.2 4.2 50 60 40 50 50 50 0 4 15 10 V+ −100 V+ −200 180 220 2 20 12 15 20 24 42 46 Limit (Note 7) 7 10 L > 1 MΩ. Units mV max µV/˚C nA max nA max dB min dB min V min V max V/mV min mV min mV max mA min mA min µA max µA max µA max Conditions AV VO Large Signal Voltage Gain (Note 8) Output Swing RL = 100kΩ RL = 100kΩ to 2.5V 100 V+ −3.5 90 IO Output Short Circuit Current Sourcing, VO = 0V Sinking, VO = 5V 17 72 9 15 28 IS Supply Current LPV321 LPV358 Both amplifiers LPV324 All four amplifiers www.national.com 4 5V AC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. Symbol SR GBWP Φm Gm en in Slew Rate Gain-Bandwidth Product Phase Margin Gain Margin Input-Referred Voltage Noise Input-Referred Current Noise f = 1 kHz, f = 1 kHz Parameter (Note 9) CL = 22 pF J = 25˚C, V+ = 5V, V− = 0V, VCM = 2.0V, VO = V+/2 and R Typ (Note 6) 0.1 152 87 19 146 0.30 Limit (Note 7) L > 1 MΩ. Units V/µs KHz Deg dB Conditions Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. Note 2: Human body model, 1.5 kΩ in series with 100 pF. Machine model, 0Ω in series with 200 pF. Note 3: Shorting output to V+ will adversely affect reliability. Note 4: Shorting output to V- will adversely affect reliability. Note 5: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is P D = (TJ(max)–TA)/θJA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly into a PC board. Note 6: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm. Note 7: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis. Note 8: RL is connected to V -. The output voltage is 0.5V ≤ VO ≤ 4.5V. Note 9: Connected as voltage follower with 3V step input. Number specified is the slower of the positive and negative slew rates. Note 10: All numbers are typical, and apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC board in still air. 5 www.national.com Typical Performance Characteristics Supply Current vs Supply Voltage (LPV321) Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, TA = 25˚C. Sourcing Current vs Output Voltage Input Current vs Temperature DS100920-B4 DS100920-B5 DS100920-41 Sourcing Current vs Output Voltage Sinking Current vs Output Voltage Sinking Current vs Output Voltage DS100920-42 DS100920-43 DS100920-44 Output Voltage Swing vs Supply Voltage Input Voltage Noise vs Frequency Input Current Noise vs Frequency DS100920-B6 DS100920-56 DS100920-70 www.national.com 6 Typical Performance Characteristics TA = 25˚C. (Continued) Input Current Noise vs Frequency Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, Crosstalk Rejection vs Frequency PSRR vs Frequency DS100920-68 DS100920-73 DS100920-72 CMRR vs Frequency CMRR vs Input Common Mode Voltage CMRR vs Input Common Mode Voltage DS100920-63 DS100920-64 DS100920-65 ∆VOS vs CMR ∆VOS vs CMR Input Voltage vs Output Voltage DS100920-45 DS100920-46 DS100920-69 7 www.national.com Typical Performance Characteristics TA = 25˚C. (Continued) Input Voltage vs Output Voltage Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, Open Loop Frequency Response Open Loop Frequency Response DS100920-71 DS100920-52 DS100920-51 Gain and Phase vs Capacitive Load Gain and Phase vs Capacitive Load Slew Rate vs Supply Voltage DS100920-54 DS100920-53 DS100920-55 Non-Inverting Large Signal Pulse Response Non-Inverting Small Signal Pulse Response Inverting Large Signal Pulse Response DS100920-50 DS100920-49 DS100920-47 www.national.com 8 Typical Performance Characteristics TA = 25˚C. (Continued) Inverting Small Signal Pulse Response Unless otherwise specified, VS = +5V, single supply, Stability vs Capacitive Load Stability vs Capacitive Load DS100920-48 DS100920-61 DS100920-60 Stability vs Capacitive Load Stability vs Capacitive Load THD vs Frequency DS100920-59 DS100920-58 DS100920-62 Open Loop Output Impedance vs Frequency Short Circuit Current vs Temperature (Sinking) Short Circuit Current vs Temperature (Sourcing) DS100920-74 DS100920-B7 DS100920-B8 Application Notes 1.0 Benefits of the LPV321/358/324 Size. The small footprints of the LPV321/358/324 packages save space on printed circuit boards, and enable the design of smaller electronic products, such as cellular phones, pagers, or other portable systems. The low profile of the LPV321/358/324 make them possible to use in PCMCIA type III cards. Signal Integrity. Signals can pick up noise between the signal source and the amplifier. By using a physically smaller amplifier package, the LPV321/358/324 can be placed closer to the signal source, reducing noise pickup and increasing signal integrity. Simplified Board Layout. These products help you to avoid using long pc traces in your pc board layout. This means that no additional components, such as capacitors and resistors, are needed to filter out the unwanted signals due to the interference between the long pc traces. Low Supply Current. These devices will help you to maximize battery life. They are ideal for battery powered systems. 9 www.national.com Application Notes (Continued) Low Supply Voltage. National provides guaranteed performance at 2.7V and 5V. These guarantees ensure operation throughout the battery lifetime. Rail-to-Rail Output. Rail-to-rail output swing provides maximum possible dynamic range at the output. This is particularly important when operating on low supply voltages. Input Includes Ground. Allows direct sensing near GND in single supply operation. The differential input voltage may be larger than V + without damaging the device. Protection should be provided to prevent the input voltages from going negative more than −0.3V (at 25˚C). An input clamp diode with a resistor to the IC input terminal can be used. 2.0 Capacitive Load Tolerance The LPV321/358/324 can directly drive 200 pF in unity-gain without oscillation. The unity-gain follower is the most sensitive configuration to capacitive loading. Direct capacitive loading reduces the phase margin of amplifiers. The combination of the amplifier’s output impedance and the capacitive load induces phase lag. This results in either an underdamped pulse response or oscillation. To drive a heavier capacitive load, circuit in Figure 1 can be used. ing the value of R F due to the input bias current of the LPV321/358/324. C F and RISO serve to counteract the loss of phase margin by feeding the high frequency component of the output signal back to the amplifier’s inverting input, thereby preserving phase margin in the overall feedback loop. Increased capacitive drive is possible by increasing the value of CF . This in turn will slow down the pulse response. DS100920-5 FIGURE 3. Indirectly Driving A Capacitive Load with DC Accuracy 3.0 Input Bias Current Cancellation The LPV321/358/324 family has a bipolar input stage. The typical input bias current of LPV321/358/324 is 1.5nA with 5V supply. Thus a 100kΩ input resistor will cause 0.15mV of error voltage. By balancing the resistor values at both inverting and non-inverting inputs, the error caused by the amplifier’s input bias current will be reduced. The circuit in Figure 4 shows how to cancel the error caused by input bias current. DS100920-4 FIGURE 1. Indirectly Driving A Capacitive Load Using Resistive Isolation In Figure 1, the isolation resistor RISO and the load capacitor CL form a pole to increase stability by adding more phase margin to the overall system. The desired performance depends on the value of RISO. The bigger the RISO resistor value, the more stable VOUT will be. Figure 2 is an output waveform of Figure 1 using 100kΩ for RISO and 1000pF for C L. DS100920-6 FIGURE 4. Cancelling the Error Caused by Input Bias Current 4.0 Typical Single-Supply Application Circuits 4.1 Difference Amplifier The difference amplifier allows the subtraction of two voltages or, as a special case, the cancellation of a signal common to two inputs. It is useful as a computational amplifier, in making a differential to single-ended conversion or in rejecting a common mode signal. DS100920-75 FIGURE 2. Pulse Response of the LPV324 Circuit in Figure 1 The circuit in Figure 3 is an improvement to the one in Figure 1 because it provides DC accuracy as well as AC stability. If there were a load resistor in Figure 1, the output would be voltage divided by RISO and the load resistor. Instead, in Figure 3, RF provides the DC accuracy by using feed-forward techniques to connect VIN to RL. Caution is needed in chooswww.national.com 10 Application Notes (Continued) 4.2.2 Two-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier A two-op-amp instrumentation amplifier can also be used to make a high-input-impedance DC differential amplifier (Figure 7). As in the three-op-amp circuit, this instrumentation amplifier requires precise resistor matching for good CMRR. R4 should equal to R1 and R3 should equal R2. DS100920-7 DS100920-11 FIGURE 5. Difference Amplifier 4.2 Instrumentation Circuits The input impedance of the previous difference amplifier is set by the resistor R1, R2, R3, and R 4. To eliminate the problems of low input impedance, one way is to use a voltage follower ahead of each input as shown in the following two instrumentation amplifiers. 4.2.1Three-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier The quad LPV324 can be used to build a three-op-amp instrumentation amplifier as shown in Figure 6 FIGURE 7. Two-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier 4.3 Single-Supply Inverting Amplifier There may be cases where the input signal going into the amplifier is negative. Because the amplifier is operating in single supply voltage, a voltage divider using R3 and R4 is implemented to bias the amplifier so the input signal is within the input common-common voltage range of the amplifier. The capacitor C1 is placed between the inverting input and resistor R1 to block the DC signal going into the AC signal source, VIN. The values of R1 and C1 affect the cutoff frequency, fc = 1/2π R 1C1. As a result, the ouptut signal is centered around mid-supply (if the voltage divider provides V+/2 at the non-inverting input). The output can swing to both rails, maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio in a low voltage system. DS100920-85 FIGURE 6. Three-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier The first stage of this instrumentation amplifier is a differential-input, differential-output amplifier, with two voltage followers. These two voltage followers assure that the input impedance is over 100MΩ. The gain of this instrumentation amplifier is set by the ratio of R2/R 1. R3 should equal R1 and R4 equal R2. Matching of R3 to R1 and R4 to R2 affects the CMRR. For good CMRR over temperature, low drift resistors should be used. Making R4 Slightly smaller than R 2 and adding a trim pot equal to twice the difference between R 2 and R4 will allow the CMRR to be adjusted for optimum. DS100920-13 FIGURE 8. Single-Supply Inverting Amplifier 4.4 Active Filter 4.4.1 Simple Low-Pass Active Filter The simple low-pass filter is shown in Figure 9. Its low-frequency gain(ω → o) is defined by −R3/R1. This allows low-frequency gains other than unity to be obtained. The filter has a −20dB/decade roll-off after its corner frequency fc. R2 should be chosen equal to the parallel combination of R1 and R3 to minimize errors due to bais current. The frequency response of the filter is shown in Figure 10 11 www.national.com Application Notes (Continued) DS100920-14 FIGURE 9. Simple Low-Pass Active Filter DS100920-15 FIGURE 10. Frequency Response of Simple Low-pass Active Filter in Figure 9 Note that the single-op-amp active filters are used in to the applications that require low quality factor, Q (≤ 10), low frequency (≤ 5KHz), and low gain (≤ 10), or a small value for the product of gain times Q (≤ 100). The op amp should have an open loop voltage gain at the highest frequency of interest at least 50 times larger than the gain of the filter at this frequency. In addition, the selected op amp should have a slew rate that meets the following requirement: SlewRate ≥ 0.5 x (ωHV OPP) X 10−6V/µsec Where ωH is the highest frequency of interest, and VOPP is the output peak-to-peak voltage. www.national.com 12 SC70-5 Tape and Reel Specification DS100920-B3 SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification TAPE FORMAT Tape Section Leader (Start End) Carrier Trailer (Hub End) # Cavities 0 (min) 75 (min) 3000 250 125 (min) 0 (min) Cavity Status Empty Empty Filled Filled Empty Empty Cover Tape Status Sealed Sealed Sealed Sealed Sealed Sealed 13 www.national.com SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification TAPE DIMENSIONS (Continued) DS100920-B1 8 mm Tape Size 0.130 (3.3) DIM A 0.124 (3.15) DIM Ao 0.130 (3.3) DIM B 0.126 (3.2) DIM Bo 0.138 ± 0.002 (3.5 ± 0.05) DIM F 0.055 ± 0.004 (1.4 ± 0.11) DIM Ko 0.157 (4) DIM P1 0.315 ± 0.012 (8 ± 0.3) DIM W www.national.com 14 SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification REEL DIMENSIONS (Continued) DS100920-B2 8 mm Tape Size 7.00 330.00 A 0.059 0.512 0.795 2.165 1.50 B 13.00 20.20 55.00 C D N 0.331 + 0.059/−0.000 8.40 + 1.50/−0.00 W1 0.567 14.40 W2 W1+ 0.078/−0.039 W1 + 2.00/−1.00 W3 15 www.national.com Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 5-Pin SC70-5 Tape and Reel Order Number LPV321M7 and LPV321M7X NS Package Number MAA05A www.national.com 16 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 5-Pin SOT23-5 Tape and Reel Order Number LPV321M5 and LPV321M5X NS Package Number MA05B 17 www.national.com Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 8-Pin Small Outline Order Number LPV358M and LPV358MX NS Package Number M08A www.national.com 18 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 8-Pin MSOP Order Number LPV358MM and LPV358MMX NS Package Number MUA08A 19 www.national.com Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 14-Pin Small Outline Order Number LPV324M and LPV324MX NS Package Number M14A www.national.com 20 LPV321 Single/ LPV358 Dual/ LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail Output Operational Amplifiers Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) 14-Pin TSSOP Order Number LPV324MT and LPV324MTX NS Package Number MTC14 LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. National Semiconductor Corporation Americas Tel: 1-800-272-9959 Fax: 1-800-737-7018 Email: support@nsc.com www.national.com National Semiconductor Europe Fax: +49 (0) 1 80-530 85 86 Email: europe.support@nsc.com Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-530 85 85 English Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-532 78 32 Français Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-532 93 58 Italiano Tel: +49 (0) 1 80-534 16 80 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Customer Response Group Tel: 65-2544466 Fax: 65-2504466 Email: sea.support@nsc.com National Semiconductor Japan Ltd. Tel: 81-3-5639-7560 Fax: 81-3-5639-7507 National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.