Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Technical Data
MC44BC373/374
Rev. 3.5, 7/2003
MC44BC373/374
MC44BC373/374
Multi-Standard or PAL/
NTSC Modulator with
integrated antenna
booster/splitter ICs
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
TSSOP 24 Package
Ordering Information
Device
Temp Range
Package
MC44BC373DTB,R2
MC44BC374DTB,R2
–10oC to +80oC
TSSOP24
NOTE: For tape and reel, add R2 suffix.
Contents
These modulator ICs are for use in VCRs, games, set-top boxes, and similar devices.
1
2
3
4
5
Figure 1 shows the pin connections.
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Device Overview . . . . . . 3
Maximum Ratings . . . . . 5
Electrostatic Discharge 5
Electrical
Characteristics
5
6 I2C Bit Mapping . . . . . . . 6
7 I2C Programming . . . . . 7
8 Modulator High
Frequency
Characteristics
9
9 Video Characteristics . 10
10 Audio Characteristics . 11
11 Antenna Booster/Splitter
Characteristics
12
12 Modulator Operation . 14
13 High-Speed I2C
Compatible Bus
18
14 Application and
Case Diagrams
21
GNDD
SCL
1
24
SDA
2
23
VCCD
LOP
XTAL
3
22
PLLFLT
4
21
TVOVCC
GND
5
20
TVOUT
ANT1
6
19
GND
ANT2
7
18
GND
VCRTU
GND
8
17
PREEM
9
16
VCRVCC
AUDIO
10
15
VCCA
SPLFLT
11
14
VIDEO
AUXIN
12
13
VCCI
Figure 1. MC44BC373/374 Pin Connections
This document contains information on a product under development. Motorola reserves the right to change or
discontinue this product without notice. © Motorola, Inc., 2003. All rights reserved.
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Features
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
1 Features
MC44BC373: Multi-Standard PAL/SECAM/NTSC with integrated booster splitter
MC44BC374: PAL/NTSC with integrated booster splitter
The channel is set by an on-chip high-speed I2C compatible bus receiver. A Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) tunes
the modulator over the full UHF range. The modulator incorporates a sound subcarrier oscillator and uses
a second PLL to derive 4.5, 5.5, 6.0, and 6.5MHz subcarrier frequencies. These frequencies are selected
using the bus.
The picture-to-sound ratio is adjusted using the bus. In addition, an on-chip video test pattern generator can
be switched ON using a 1kHz audio test signal.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Along with the modulator functions, an Antenna Booster/Splitter function is included.
These modulator versions are completely pin-to-pin and software compatible and all versions have the
following features.
•
No external varicaps diodes/inductors or tuned components
•
Channel 21–69 UHF operation
•
VHF range possible by internal dividers (30MHz to 450MHz)
•
Integrated on-chip programmable UHF oscillator
•
Extremely low external component count
•
High-speed read and write I2C-bus compatible (800kHz)
•
Fixed video modulation depth (80% in PAL and 90% in SECAM)
•
Peak White Clip disabled using the bus
•
Programmable picture/sound carrier ratio (12dB and 16dB)
•
Integrated on-chip programmable sound subcarrier oscillator
(4.5MHz to 6.5MHz)—No external varicaps
•
On-chip video test pattern generator with sound test signal (1kHz)
•
Low-power programmable modulator standby mode
(booster active)
•
Transient output inhibit during PLL Lock-up at Power-ON
•
Logical Output Port controlled by bus
•
Integrated Antenna Booster/Splitter (40MHz to 860MHz)
•
Custom masked versions with unique start-up settings possible
(no I2C bus programming required)
•
Extremely robust ESD protection, minimum 4kV, typical 6kV
MC44BC373/374 Technical Data
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Device Overview
2 Device Overview
Figure 2 shows a simplified block diagram of the MC44BC373/4 device.
The MC44BC373/374 device contains four main sections:
1. A high-speed I2C-compatible bus section.
2. A PLL section — Synthesizes the UHF/VHF output channel frequency (from an integrated
UHF oscillator, divided for VHF output).
3. A modulator section — Accepts audio and video inputs and then uses those inputs to
modulate the UHF/VHF carrier.
4. An Antenna Booster/Splitter — Amplifies and splits the antenna signal into two signals:
a) The modulated signal is added to the amplified antenna signal on the TVOUT pin.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
a)
The following items are programmable using the high-speed I2C compatible bus:
•
Channel frequency
•
Sound frequency
•
Sound/picture carrier ratio
An on-chip video test pattern generator with an audio test signal is included.
The MC44BC373 operates as a multi-standard modulator and can handle the following systems using the
same external circuit components:
•
B/G
•
I
•
D/K
•
H
•
L
•
M/N
The high frequency BiCMOS technology permits integration of the following functions:
•
Antenna Booster/Splitter
•
UHF tank circuit and certain filtering
MC44BC373/374 Technical Data
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8
6
7
1
GND
ANT2
ANT1
SCL
4dB
I2C BUS
Figure 2. Simplified Block Diagram—MC44BC373/374
MC44BC373/374 Technical Data
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Prescaler/8
Ref Divider
/128
4
XTAL
PLLFLT
GNDD
VCCD
4MHz
XCO
VCO and PLL SECTION
31.25kHz
Phase
Comp
PLL
ALC
Audio
Amplifier
MODULATOR
SECTION
AM Modulator
LPF
Sound
Oscillator
and FM
Modulator
SPLLFLT
11
22
Prog
Divider
UHF OSC
L/BG
Prog
Divider
Sound
PFD
31.25
kHz
Clamp
VIDEO
14
24
I2C BUS
23
I2C BUS
AM
FM
VHF Dividers
Sound
Modulator
LPF
LPF
Peak
White
L/BG
I2C BUS
High-Speed
I2C Bus
Receiver
BUS SECTION
75Ω
75Ω
Video
Modulator
I C BUS
2
L/BG
SDA 2
5
GND
VCRTU 17
16
VCCI 13
TVOUT 20
TVOVCC 21
GND 18
GND 19
BST
SECTION
LOP
3
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
PREEM
12 AUX IN
15 VCCA
9
10 AUDIO
Device Overview
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Maximum Ratings
3 Maximum Ratings
Sym
Parameter
Value Unit
Vcc1
Supply Voltage
Tamin
Minimum Operating Ambient Temperature
Tamax
6
Maximum Operating Ambient Temperature
Tstgmin Minimum Storage Temperature
Tstgmax Maximum Storage Temperature
V
–10
o
C
oC
75
–65
o
150
oC
C
This device contains protection circuitry to
guard against damage due to high static
voltage or electric fields. However, precautions
must be taken to avoid applications of any
voltage higher than maximum rated voltages to
this high impedance circuit. For proper
operation, input and output voltages should be
constrained to the ranges indicated in the
Recommended Operating Conditions.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. For functional
operation, voltage should be restricted to the Recommended Operating Condition.
4 Electrostatic Discharge
Sym
ESD
Parameter
HBM (Human Body Model)—MIL-STD-883C, Method 3015-7
Min
Typ
Unit
4000
6000
V
5 Electrical Characteristics
•
A = 100% Tested
•
B = 100% Correlation tested
•
C = Characterized on samples
•
D = Design parameter
5.1 Specification Conditions
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc = 5.0 V, Ambient Temperature = 25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step
grayscale. RF inputs/outputs into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS ONLY VALID FOR ENVELOPE
DEMODULATION.
Parameter
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Notes
Type
Operating supply voltage range
4.5
5.0
5.5
V
Total supply current
65
75
88
All sections active
A
OSC, SO, ATT=1
Bus Section active
A
B
Total standby mode supply current
26
34
40
mA
Test pattern sync pulse width
3
4.7
6.5
µS
B
Sound comparator charge pump current
During locking
When locked
7
0.7
10
1
12
1.5
µA
µA
A
A
RF comparator charge pump current
60
100
150
µA
A
Crystal oscillator stability-negative resistance
1
—
—
KΩ
D
Logic Output Port
Saturation voltage at I=2mA
Leakage current
—
—
160
—
300
1
mV
µA
A
A
MC44BC373/374 Technical Data
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I2C Bit Mapping
6 I2C Bit Mapping
WRITE MODE
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ACK
CA-CHIP ADDRESS
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
ACK
C1-High Order Bits
1
AUX
SO
LOP
PS
X3
X2
SYSL
ACK
C0-Low Order Bits
PWC
OSC
ATT
SFD1
SFD0
TB1
X5
X4
ACK
FM-High Order Bits
0
TPEN
N11
N10
N9
N8
N7
N6
ACK
FL-Low Order Bits
N5
N4
N3
N2
N1
N0
X1
X0
ACK
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ACK
CHIP ADDRESS
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
ACK
R-Status Byte
—
—
—
—
—
Y2
Y1
OOR
—
READ MODE
Bit Name
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Bit 4
Description
PWC
Peak White Clip enable/disable.
OSC
UHF oscillator ON/OFF.
ATT
Modulator output attenuated-sound and video modulators ON/OFF.
SFD0, 1
TB1
AUX
Sound subcarrier frequency control bits.
Test mode bit—bus format compatible with MC44353.
Auxiliary sound input enable/disable.
SO
Sound Oscillator ON/OFF.
LOP
Logic Output Port.
PS
Picture-to-Sound carrier ratio.
SYSL
System L enable—selects AM sound and positive video modulation (MC44BC373/ only).
TPEN
Test pattern enable—picture and sound.
X5…X0
N0…N11
OOR
Y1, Y2
Test mode bits—All bits are 0 for normal operation (see Test Mode tables, page 7 & page 8).
UHF frequency programming bits, in steps of 250kHz.
RF oscillator out-of-frequency range information.
RF oscillator operating range information.
MC44BC373/374 Technical Data
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I2C Programming
7 I2C Programming
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Sound
UHF
SFD1
SFD0
Sound Subcarrier Freq (MHz)
OSC
UHF Oscillator
0
0
4.5
0
Normal operation.
0
1
5.5
1
1
0
6.0
UHF oscillator disabled (oscillator and PLL
sections bias turned OFF).
1
1
6.5
ATT
Modulator Output Attenuation
PS
Picture-to-Sound Ratio (dB)
0
Normal operation.
0
12
1
1
16
Modulator output attenuation (sound and
video modulators sections bias turned OFF).
SO
Sound Oscillator
0
Sound oscillator ON (normal mode).
1
Sound oscillation disabled (oscillator and PLL
section bias turned OFF).
AUX
Auxiliary Audio Input
0
AUX input disabled (normal mode).
1
AUX input enabled.
Standby Mode
OSC
1
SO
1
ATT
Combination of 3-bits
1
Modulator standby mode (sound
and UHF oscillator, sound and
video modulator section bias
turned OFF, and I2C bus section
standby mode)—BST is active.
MC44353/4/5 Compatibility
Video
TB1
System L and B/G Selection
MC44BC373 only
SYSL
0
System B/G enabled, System L disabled
(FM sound and negative video modulation).
1
System L enabled, System B/G disabled
(AM sound and positive video modulation).
Description
0
Normal mode (fully programmable).
1
Limited programmability and compatibility with
MC44353.
Logic Output Port
LOP
PWC
Peak White Clip
0
Peak White Clip ON (System B/G).
1
Peak White Clip OFF (System L).
TPEN
0
Description
0
Pin 3 is low voltage.
1
Pin 3 is high impedance.
Test Pattern Signal
Test pattern signal OFF (normal operation).
WRITE MODE: Test Mode 1 and VHF Range
X2
X1
X0
State
Description
0
0
0
1.a
Normal operation.
0
0
1
1.b
RF frequency divided for low frequency testing or VHF range: RF/2
0
1
0
1.c
RF/4
0
1
1
1.d
RF/8
1
0
0
1.e
RF/16
1
0
1
1.f
DC drive applied to modulators: non-inverted video at TVOUT.
1
1
0
1.g
DC drive applied to modulators: inverted video at TVOUT.
1
1
1
1.h
Transient output inhibit disabled.
MC44BC373/374 Technical Data
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I2C Programming
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WRITE MODE: Test Mode 2
X5
X4
X3
State
Description
0
0
0
2.a
0
0
1
2.b
Test pattern generator DC verification (Test pattern DC test mode available).
Normal operation.
0
1
0
2.c
Programmable divider test (UHF programmable divider on PLLFILT pin and
sound programmable divider on SPLLFIL pin).
0
1
1
2.d
Reference divider test (UHF reference divider on PLLFILT pin).
1
0
0
2.e
UHF phase comparator, upper source on PLLFILT pin.
Sound phase comparator 10µA upper source on SPLLFIL
(only valid during Transient Output Inhibit).
1
0
1
2.f
UHF phase comparator, lower source on PLLFILT pin.
Sound phase comparator 10µA lower source on SPLLFIL
(only valid during Transient Output Inhibit).
1
1
0
2.g
Sound phase comparator 1µA upper source on SPLLFIL
(not valid during Transient Output Inhibit).
1
1
1
2.h
Sound phase comparator 1µA lower source on SPLLFIL
(not valid during Transient Output Inhibit).
READ MODE
OOR
Description
0
Normal operation, VCO in range.
1
VCO out-of-range.
Y1
Description
0
VCO out-of-range, frequency too low, only valid if OOR=1.
1
VCO out-of-range, frequency too high, only valid if OOR=1.
Y2
Description
0
High VCO is active.
1
Low VCO is active.
MC44BC373/374 Technical Data
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Inc.
Modulator High Frequency Characteristics
8 Modulator High Frequency Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc=5.0 V, Ambient Temperature =25o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step grayscale.
RF inputs/outputs into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS VALID ONLY FOR ENVELOPE
DEMODULATION.
Parameter
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
TVOUT output level
Output signal from modulator section.
See Figure 3.
73
74.5
77
dBµV
B
UHF oscillator frequency
—
460
—
880
MHz
A
VHF range
From UHF oscillator internally divided.
45
—
460
MHz
B
TVOUT output attenuation
During transient output inhibit, or
when ATT bit is set to 1. See Figure 3.
50
60
—
dBc
B
—
–63
–58
dBc
C
Second harmonic of chroma subcarrier
Using red EBU bar.
–65
—
—
dBc
C
Chroma/Sound intermodulation:
Fp + (Fsnd – Fchr)
Using red EBU bar.
–65
—
—
dBc
C
Fo (picture carrier) harmonics
2nd harmonic: CH21
3rd harmonic: CH21
Other channels: See Figure 3.
See NOTE 1.
30
20
35
26
—
—
dBc
C
Out band (picture carrier) spurious
1/2∗Fo–1/4∗Fo–3/2∗Fo–3/4∗Fo
From 40MHz to 1GHz.
—
0
10
dBµV
C
In band spurious (Fo 5MHz)
No video sound modulation.
—
—
60
dBc
C
NOTE 1: Picture carrier harmonics are highly dependant on printed circuit board layout and decoupling capacitors.
3Fo Har m onics
40
45
35
40
Typical
25
30
25
20
15
471
20
Minimum specification
521 571 621 671 721 771
Fre que ncy (M hz )
15
471
821 871
521 571
621 671
721 771
821 871
T V O u t p u t A t t e n u at io n
75
Maximum specification
77
70
76
65
dBc
Typical
75
74
Typical
60
55
73
72
471
Minimum specification
Fre que ncy (M hz )
TV Output Le ve l
78
Typical
35
30
dBc
dBc
2Fo Har m onics
dBuV
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Sound subcarrier harmonics (Fp+n∗Fs) Reference picture carrier.
50
Minimum specification
521
571 621 671 721 771 821
Fre que ncy (M hz)
Minimum specification
871
45
47 1 52 1 5 71 62 1 67 1 7 21 7 71 8 2 1 8 71
Fr e q u e n c y ( M h z )
Figure 3. Typical Performance—Modulator High Frequency
MC44BC373/374 Technical Data
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Video Characteristics
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
9 Video Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc = 5.0 V, Ambient Temperature = 25 o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step
grayscale. RF inputs/outputs into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS VALID ONLY FOR ENVELOPE
DEMODULATION.
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
Video bandwidth
Reference 0dB at 100kHz,
measured at 5MHz.
–1.5
–0.8
—
dB
C
Video input level
75Ohm load.
—
—
1.5
Vcvbs
D
Video input current
—
—
0.2
1
µA
A
Video input impedance
—
500
—
—
KΩ
A
Peak White Clip
PWC bit set to 1, see PWC section.
110
114
118
%
A
Video S/N
See Figure 4.
50
53
—
dB
C
Differential Phase
See Figure 4.
–5
—
5
deg
C
Differential Gain
On line CCIR 310, worst of first 4 out
of 5 steps. See Figure 4.
–5
—
5
%
C
Luma/Sync ratio
Input ratio 7.0 : 3.0
6.8/3.2
—
7.2/2.8
—
B
PAL video modulation depth
—
75
81
88
%
B
SECAM video modulation depth
—
88
93
99
%
B
V ide o Signal to Nois e
58
56
Typical
dB
54
52
50
Minimum specification
48
471 521 571 621 671 721 771
Fre que ncy (M hz)
90
100
88
98
86
84
94
Typical
80
Maximum specification
96
Maximum specification
%
82
821 871
SEC A M V id e o M o d u latio n De p th
PA L V id e o M o d u latio n De p th
%
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Parameter
Typical
92
78
76
90
74
Minimum specification
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e q u e n cy (M h z )
86
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Fr e q u e n cy (M h z )
88
Minimum specification
Figure 4. Typical Performance—Video
MC44BC373/374 Technical Data
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Audio Characteristics
10 Audio Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc = 5.0 V, Ambient Temperature = 25 o C, Video Input 1Vp-p, 10-step
grayscale. RF inputs/outputs into 75Ohm load. SPECIFICATIONS VALID ONLY FOR ENVELOPE
DEMODULATION.
Parameter
Picture-to-Sound ratio
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
13
9
16
12
19
15
dB
B
PS bit set to 0.
PS bit set to 1.
Using specific pre-emphasis circuit,
audio input level=205mVrms–audio frequency=1kHz
AM modulation: SECAM Fs=6.5MHz
65
80
95
%
B
FM modulation: Fs=5.5, 6 or 6.5MHz
100% modulation=±50kHz FM deviation
65
80
95
%
B
FM modulation: NTSC Fs=4.5MHz
100% modulation=±25kHz FM deviation
65
80
95
%
B
Audio input resistance
—
45
53
61
KΩ
A
Audio Frequency response
Reference 0dB at 1kHz,
using specified pre-emphasis circuit,
measure from 50Hz to 15kHz.
–2.5
—
+2
dB
C
Audio Distortion FM (THD only)
At 1kHz, 100% modulation (±50kHz).
No video.
—
0.4
2
%
C
Audio Distortion AM (THD only)
At 1kHz, 100% modulation.
No video.
—
1.5
2.5
%
D
Audio S/N with Sync Buzz FM
Video input EBU color bar 75%.
Weighting filter CCIR 468-2.
48
53
—
dB
C
Audio S/N with Sync Buzz AM
Reference 1kHz, 85% modulation.
Video input EBU color bar 75%.
Audio BW from 40Hz to 15kHz.
Weighting filter CCIR 468-2.
45
50
—
dB
D
Audio Signal to Noise
58
56
54
dB
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Audio modulation depth
Typical
52
50
48
Minimum specification
46
471 521 571 621 671 721 771 821 871
Frequency (Mhz)
Figure 5. Typical performance—Audio
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Antenna Booster/Splitter Characteristics
11 Antenna Booster /Splitter Characteristics
Unless otherwise stated: Vcc = 5.0 V, Ambient Temperature = 25 o C, RF inputs / outputs into 75 Ohm load.
All specifications use a BALUN at ANT1 & 2 inputs, assuming 0.8dB losses MAX from 40MHz to
860MHz.
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
Frequency range
—
40
—
860
MHz
C
Gain
ANT1, 2 to VCRTU.
ANT1, 2 to TVOUT.
—
4
4
—
dB
dB
B
B
Gain flatness
40 to 860MHz.
+1.5
dB
C
Noise figure
ANT1, 2 to VCRTU and TVOUT.
Modulator in standby mode.
5.5
7.5
9.5
dB
C
Noise figure
ANT1, 2 to VCRTU and TVOUT.
Modulator in normal mode (ON).
6.5
8.5
10.5
dB
C
All pins, BST bias ON.
At TVout and VCRTU pins, BST bias OFF.
—
1.5
2.5
—
B
At TVin pins, BST bias OFF.
—
2.5
3
—
B
Intermodulation
(IMD)
Input level=90dBuV. See IMD measurement section.
F1+F2 IMD
2F1–F2, 2F2+F1, F1–F2 IMD
—
—
55
60
47
50
dBc
dBc
C
C
Isolations
From TVOUT or VCR to ANT1, 2
TVOUT/VCRTU
48
30
60
45
—
—
dBc
dBc
C
C
VSWR
–1.5
11.1 Typical Performance—Gain and Isolation
Gain ANT1,2 to VCRTU and TVOUT
7
Maximum specification
6
dB
5
4
Typical
3
2
TV OUT
Minimum specification
V CRTU
1
0
150
300
450
600
750
900
Fre que ncy (M hz)
Is o latio n Ou tp u t to Ou tp u t
Is ola tion Output to Input
-10
-30
-40
-20
Minimum specification
Minimum specification
-30
dBc
-50
dBc
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Parameter
-60
-40
Typical
-50
-70
Typical
-80
-60
-70
-90
0
150
300
450
600
Fr e q u e n cy (M h z )
750
900
0
150
300
450
600
Fr e q u e n cy (M h z )
Figure 6. Typical Performance—Gain and Isolation
MC44BC373/374 Technical Data
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750
900
Freescale Semiconductor,
Inc.
Antenna Booster/Splitter Characteristics
11.2 Typical Performance—Noise Figure
Noise Figure @ Modulator OFF
Noise Figure @ M odulator ON
11
12
Maximum specification
10
10
dB
dB
9
8
Typical
7
9
Typical
8
6
7
5
6
0
150
300 450
600
Fr e que ncy (M hz )
750
900
0
150
300 450
600
Fr e que ncy (M hz )
750
900
Figure 7. Typical Performance—Noise Figure
11.3 Intermodulation ( IMD ) Measurement
BALUN
F1
TVOUT
Pin 20
Spectrum Analyzer
50/75
Pin 17
VCRTU
F2
75/50
75/50
MC44BC373/4
F1
F2
2F2–F1
2F1–F2
F1 F2
F1+F2
IMD (dBc)
90dBuV
F2–F1
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Maximum specification
11
Figure 8. Intermodulation (IMD) Measurement
Intermodulation (IMD) frequencies are all frequency combinations coming from the two input carriers F1
and F2: F2–F1, 2∗F1–F2, 2∗F2–F1 and F1+F2, fall in the 40MHz–900MHz range.
F1 and F2 input levels are set to 90dBuV at the input of the BALUN. F1 and F2 frequency generator levels
(50W internal load) take into account a 50 to 75Ohm load difference (1.8dB), plus losses in the 3dB
coupler and the 50 to 75Ohm transformer.
Intermodulation measurement is the difference (in dBc) between the F1 or F2 level at the Output (VCRTU
or TVOUT) and the frequency combinations level, for the following cases:
F1=50MHz and F2=60MHz
F1=100MHz and F2=110MHz
F1=200MHz and F2=210MHz
F1=300MHz and F2=310MHz
F1=400MHz and F2=410MHz
F1=500MHz and F2=510MHz
F1=600MHz and F2=610MHz
F1=700MHz and F2=710MHz
F1=800MHz and F2=810MHz
Intermodulation specification is the IMD measurement’s worst case.
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Modulator Operation
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
12 Modulator Operation
12.1 Power-ON Settings
At power-ON, the MC44BC373 and MC44BC374 configuration is as follows:
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
WRITE MODE
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ACK
C1—High Order Bits
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ACK
C0—Low Order Bits
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
ACK
FM—High Order Bits
0
0
N11
N10
N9
N8
N7
N6
ACK
FL—Low Order Bits
N5
N4
N3
N2
N1
N0
0
0
ACK
Note:
1. N0 to N11 are set to have the UHF oscillator on channel 36 (591.25MHz).
Note:
2. Peak White Clip is ON.
Note:
3. Sound frequency is 5.5MHz.
Note:
4. Sound auxiliary input is disabled.
Note:
5. Logic Output Port is low voltage.
Note:
6. Picture-to-sound ratio is 12dB.
The settings indicated can be customized in the special masked version.
12.2 Power Supply
The five device Vcc pins (13, 15, 16, 21, 23) must be applied at the same time to ensure all internal blocks
are correctly biased. All other pins must not be biased before Vcc is applied to the device. The printed
circuit board layout of the Vcc supplies must be designed to ensure maximum isolation of the I/P to O/P
and also between the two O/Ps.
12.3 Standby Mode
During standby mode, the modulator is switched to low power consumption; the sound oscillator, UHF
oscillator, video and sound modulator sections bias are internally turned OFF.
The I2C bus and booster sections remain active.
The modulator can be programmed in standby mode using a combination of three bits:
1. OSC=1
2. SO=1
3. ATT=1
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Modulator Operation
12.4 Test Bit TB1
This test bit allows an initial evaluation of MC44BC373 and MC44BC374 using software developed for
MC443535:
•
TB1= 0 — All MC44BC373/374 functions available—normal mode.
•
TB1= 1 — Limited software compatibility with MC44353; MC44BC373/374 functions not
available.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
WRITE MODE 1
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ACK
CA-CHIP ADDRESS
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
ACK
C1-High Order Bits
1
—
—
PS
—
—
SYSL
ACK
C0-Low Order Bits
—
—
—
SFD1
SFD0
1
0
0
ACK
FM-High Order Bits
0
TPEN
N11
N10
N9
N8
N7
N6
ACK
FL-Low Order Bits
N5
N4
N3
N2
N1
N0
—
—
ACK
Note:
1. Case TB1=1, compatible with MC44353
Note:
2. All “—” are don’t care bits.
Note: 3. PS bit replaces PSD2 bit in MC44353 bus format:
PS = 0 is for picture-to-sound ratio = 12dB,
PS = 1 is for picture-to-sound ratio = 16dB
Note: 4. SFD1 and SFD0 bits have the same definition for both bus formats (MC44353 and MC44BC373/374) and
lets a sound frequency between 4.5MHz, 5MHz, 5.5MHz, and 6.5MHz be selected.
Note: 5. SYSL bit has same definition for bus formats MC44353 and MC44BC373/374; either system L or B/G is
selectable.
Note:
6. All MC44BC373/374 functions are set to their default values.
12.5 System L or B / G Selection
SYSL bit internally switches the following functions:
•
SYSL = 0; enables B/G system
— Video modulation polarity—Negative
— Video modulation depth—80% Typical (See Video Characteristics on page 10.)
— Sound modulation type—FM
•
SYSL = 1; enables L system
— Video modulation polarity—Positive
— Video modulation depth—90% Typical (See Video Characteristics on page 10.)
— Sound modulation type—AM
12.6 Transient Output Inhibit
To minimize the risk of interference to other channels while the UHF PLL is acquiring a lock on the
desired frequency, the Sound and Video modulators are turned OFF for each of the following two cases:
1. Power-ON from zero (i.e., all Vcc is switched from 0V to 5V).
2. UHF oscillator power-ON from OFF state (i.e., OSC bit is switched from 1 to 0)
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Modulator Operation
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
There is a time-out of 263ms until the output is enabled. This allows the UHF PLL settle to its
programmed frequency. During the 263ms time-out, the sound PLL current source is set to 10µA typical,
to speed up the locking time. After the 263ms time-out, the current source is switched to 1µA.
CAUTION:
Use care when selecting loop filter components, to ensure the loop
transient does not exceed the specified delay.
For test purposes, it is possible to disable the 263ms delay using Test Mode1–State1.h.
12.7 Logic Output Port (LOP)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The LOP pin controls any logic function. The primary applications are to control an external attenuator or
an external switch between the antenna input and TV output. When an external switch is controlled, the
Booster function is not used.
The following figure shows a typical attenuator application with PIN diode. The LOP pin switches the
PIN attenuator depending on the signal strength of the Antenna Input, thereby reducing the risks of
Intermodulation in certain areas. The LOP may also be used as an OFF position bypass switch or for other
logic functions in the application.
Vcc
Antenna
Input
TV Out
LOP pin
Figure 9. Attenuator Application with PIN Diode
12.8 Video Section—Peak White Clip
The modulator requires the following:
•
A composite video input with “negative going” sync pulses
•
A nominal level of 1Vp-p
This signal is AC-coupled to the video input where the sync tip level is clamped. The video signal is then
passed to a Peak White Clip (PWC) circuit. The PWC circuit function sets to soft-clip the top of the video
waveform, if the “sync tip amplitude” to “peak white clip” goes too high. This method avoids carrier overmodulation by the video. Clipping can be disabled by software.
12.9 Sound Section
The multivibrator oscillator is fully integrated and does not require external components. An internal low
pass filter and matched structure provide a very low harmonics level.
The sound modulator system consists of an FM modulator incorporating the sound subcarrier oscillator,
and an AM modulator. The audio input signal is AC coupled into the amplifier which then drives the two
types of modulators.
The audio pre-emphasis circuit is a high-pass filter with an external capacitor and an internal resistor
(100kOhms). The recommended capacitor value (470pF) is for BG standard. (50µS time constant.)
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Modulator Operation
The auxiliary audio input adds a sound subcarrier to the main carrier. The input can be a modulated
NICAM carrier or a second sound subcarrier for a stereo system. Pin 12 is directly connected to the sound
modulator input and the picture-to-sound ratio (P/S Ratio) depends on the auxiliary audio input level. (P/S
ratio is 20dB for 35mVrms typical.)
12.10 Test Pattern Generator
A simple test pattern is generated on the IC which can be switched in under bus control to permit a TV
receiver to easily tune in to the modulator output. The pattern consists of two white vertical bars on a black
background and a 976Hz audio test signal.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
TE2
7/10
3/10
TE1
0
10
20 24 2830
40 44
50
60 64
TIME IN µS.
Figure 10. Test Pattern Generator—(Time in Seconds)
12.11 PLL Section
The reference divider is a fixed divide-by-128, resulting in a reference frequency of 31.25KHz with a
4.0MHz crystal. The 31.25KHz reference frequency is used for both UHF and Sound PLLs.
The prescaler is a fixed divide by 8 and is permanently engaged.
The programmable divider’s division ratio is controlled by the state of control bits N0 to N11. The divider
ratio N for a desired frequency F (in MHz) is provided by the following formulas:
F 128
N = --- × --------8
4
with:
N = 2048 × N11 + 1024 × N10 + …… + 4 × N2 + 2 × N1 + N0
12.12 UHF Oscillator—VHF Range
The UHF oscillator is fully integrated and does not require any external components. For low frequency
testing or VHF range operation (test mode 1, states 1.b to 1.c), the UHF oscillator can be internally divided
by 2, 4, 8, or 16.
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High-Speed I2C Compatible Bus
13 High-Speed I 2C Compatible Bus
13.1 Specification Conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the Vcc1=5.0V and the ambient temperature (TA) =25 o C.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Electrical Characteristics
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
SDA/SCL output current at 0 V
—
—
10
µA
A
SDA/SCL low input level
—
—
1.5
V
B
SDA/SCL high input level
3.0
—
—
V
B
SDA/SCL input current for input level from 0.4V to 0.3Vcc
–5
—
5
µA
C
SDA/SCL input level
0
—
Vcc+0,3
V
D
SDA/SCL capacitance
—
—
10
pF
C
ACK low output level (sinking 3mA)
—
0,3
1
V
A
ACK low output level (sinking 15mA)
—
—
1.5
V
C
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Type
0
—
800
kHz
C
200
—
—
ns
C
Timing Characteristics
Bus clock frequency
Bus free time between stop and start
Setup time for start condition
500
—
—
ns
C
Hold time for start condition
500
—
—
ns
C
Data setup time
0
—
—
ns
C
Data hold time
0
—
—
ns
C
Setup time for stop condition
500
—
—
ns
C
Hold time for stop condition
500
—
—
ns
C
Acknowledge propagation delay
—
—
300
ns
C
SDA fall time at 3ma sink I and 130pF load
—
—
50
ns
C
SDA fall time at 3ma sink I and 400pF load
—
—
80
ns
C
SDA rise time
SCL fall/rise time
—
—
—
—
300
300
ns
ns
C
C
Pulse width of spikes suppressed by the input filter
—
—
50
ns
C
Start
Stop
13.2 Timing Definitions
Tbuf
Stop
ACK
Start
Chip Address
SSDA
SSCL
Tsu;sto Thd;sta
...
...
Tsu;dat
Thd;dat
SDA
SDA
SCL
SCL
Tack:low
Tsu;sta
Figure 11. SSDA/SSCL Timing
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Thd;sto
Freescale Semiconductor,High-Speed
Inc. I2C Compatible Bus
13.3 Levels Definition
SDA
...
Vcc
Vih
dead band
Vil
0V
Figure 12. SDA Levels
13.4 High-Speed I2C Compatible Bus Format
SCL
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
1
STA
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Chip Address ($CA)
First Data Byte (C1 or FM)
ACK
44 45
Stop
Data
ACK
ACK
SDA
Figure 13. SCL and SDA Bus Timing
13.5 I2C Write Mode Format and Bus Receiver
The bus receiver operates the I2C compatible data format. The chip address (I2C bus) is:
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 (ACK) = $CA (hex) in write mode
In write mode, each ninth data bit (bits 9, 18, 27, 36, and 45) is an acknowledge bit (ACK) during which
the MCU sends a logic 1 and the Modulator circuit answers on the data line by pulling it low. Besides the
chip address, the circuit needs two or four data bytes for operation. The following data byte sequences are
the permitted incoming information:
Example 1
STA
CA
C1
C0
STO
Example 2
STA
CA
FM
FL
STO
Example 3
STA
CA
C1
C0
FM
FL
STO
Example 4
STA
CA
FM
FL
C1
C0
STO
With:
STA = Start condition
CA = Chip Address
FM = Frequency information, high order bits
FL = Frequency information, low order bits
C1 = Control information, high order bits
CO = Control information, low order bits
STO = Stop condition
After the chip address, two or four data bytes may be received.
•
If three (3) data bytes are received, the third one is ignored.
•
If five (5) or more data bytes are received, the fifth and following ones are ignored, and the last ACK
pulse is sent at the end of the fourth data byte.
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High-Speed I2C Compatible Bus
The first and third data bytes contain a function bit which lets the IC distinguish between frequency
information and control information. If the function bit is a logic 1, the two following bytes contain control
information. The first data byte after the chip address may be byte CO or byte FM. The two bytes of
frequency information are preceded by a logic 0.
13.6 I2C Read Mode Format
The chip address (I2C) is:
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 (ACK) = $CB (hex) in read mode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The incoming information consists of the read mode chip address byte. The device then answers with an
ACK followed by one byte containing three bits of status information. No acknowledge is answered by the
modulator after this byte.
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Freescale Semiconductor,Application
Inc. and Case Diagrams
14 Application and Case Diagrams
Proposed BiCMOS Modulator and Booster/Splitter Application
This document contains information on a new product under development. Motorola reserves the
right to change or discontinue this product without notice.
Vcc
SCL
O
O
SDA
O
Note 2
SCL
1
24
2
23
3
22
SDA
O
LOP
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
4MHz
Cx
Note 1
LOP
1nF
GND
ANTIN O
4
XTAL
5
1nF
Pre-em
470pF
17
9
16
1nF
GND
VCRTU
O VCRTU
10nF
VCRVCC
15
11
14
12
13
AUXIN
O TVOUT
1nF
GND
10
SPLLFLT
47nF
10nF
TVOUT
8
AUDIO
22nF
20
18
GND
220nF
21
TVOVCC
19
PREEM
100nF
VCCD
PLLFLT
7
ANT2
22nF
GNDD
6
ANT1
2.2k
10nF
VCCA
O Video
VIDEO
100nF
VCCI
75
1nF
15k
O
Audio
O
Auxin
O
Vcc
Note 1: Cx value depends on crystal characteristics; Cx = 27pF on Motorola application board.
Note 2: Loop filter components must be as close as possible to pins 22 and 23.
Figure 14. Proposed BiCMOS Modulator and Booster/Splitter Application
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Application and Case Diagrams
CASE 940H-02 ISSUE A
Millimeters
Inches
Dim
Min
Max
Min
Max
A
7.70
7.90
0.303
0.311
B
4.30
4.48
0.169
0.176
C
—
0.95
—
0.037
D
0.05
0.15
0.002
0.006
F
0.51
0.71
0.020
0.028
G
0.65 BSC
0.026 BSC
H
0.27
0.37
0.011
0.015
J
0.09
0.18
0.003
0.007
J1
0.09
0.13
0.003
0.005
K
0.19
0.30
0.007
0.012
K1
0.19
0.25
0.007
0.010
L
6.25
6.50
0.246
0.256
8o
0o
8o
M
0
o
Note: 1. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
Note:
2. Controlling dimension: Millimeters.
Note: 3. Dimensions A and B do not include mold flash
or protrusions and are measured at the parting line. Mold
flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.15 (0.006) per
side.
Note: 4. Dimension is the length of terminal for soldering
to a substrate.
Note:
only.
5. Terminal positions are shown for reference
Note: 6. The lead width dimension does not include
Dambar protrusion. Allowable Dambar protrusion shall be
0.08 (0.003) total in excess of the lead width dimension at
maximum material condition. Dambar can not be located
on the lower radius or the foot. Minimum space between
protrusions and adjacent lead to be 0.14 (0.006).
Figure 15. TSSOP24 Package
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
NOTES
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