P89V660/662/664
8-bit 80C51 5 V low power 16 kB/32 kB/64 kB flash
microcontroller with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Rev. 3.1 — 17 October 2011
Product data sheet
1. General description
The P89V660/662/664 are 80C51 microcontrollers with 16 kB/32 kB/64 kB flash and
512 B/1 kB/2 kB of data RAM. These devices are designed to be drop-in and software
compatible replacements for the P89C660/662/664 devices. Both the In-System
Programming (ISP) and In-Application Programming (IAP) boot codes are upward
compatible.
Additional features of the P89V660/662/664 devices when compared to the
P89C660/662/664 devices are the inclusion of a secondary 100 kHz byte-wide I2C-bus
interface, an SPI interface, four addition I/O pins (Port 4), and the ability to erase code
memory in 128-byte pages.
The IAP capability combined with the 128-byte page size allows for efficient use of the
code memory for non-volatile data storage.
2. Features and benefits
2.1 Principal features
Dual 100 kHz byte-wide I2C-bus interfaces
128-byte page erase for efficient use of code memory as non-volatile data storage
0 MHz to 40 MHz operating frequency in 12x mode, 20 MHz in 6x mode
16 kB/32 kB/64 kB of on-chip flash user code memory with ISP and IAP
512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) and enhanced UART
PCA (Programmable Counter Array) with PWM and Capture/Compare functions
Three 16-bit timers/counters
Four 8-bit I/O ports, one 4-bit I/O port
WatchDog Timer (WDT)
2.2 Additional features
30 ms page erase, 150 ms block erase
Support for 6-clock (default) or 12-clock mode selection via ISP or parallel programmer
PLCC44 and TQFP44 packages
Ten interrupt sources with four priority levels
Second DPTR register
Low EMI mode (ALE inhibit)
Power-down mode with external interrupt wake-up
P89V660/662/664
NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Idle mode
2.3 Comparison to the P89C660/662/664 devices
SPI interface. The P89V660/662/664 devices include an SPI interface that was not
present on the P89C660/662/664 devices.
Dual I2C-bus interfaces. The P89V660/662/664 devices have two I2C-bus interfaces.
The P89C660/662/664 devices have one.
More I/O pins. The P89V660/662/664 devices have an additional four-bit I/O port,
Port 4.
The 6x/12x mode on theP89V660/662/664 devices is programmable and erasable
using ISP and IAP as well as parallel programmer mode. The P89C660/662/664
devices could only be switched using parallel programmer mode.
Smaller block sizes. The smallest block size on the P89C660/662/664 devices was
8 kB. The P89V660/662/664 devices have a page size of 128 B. These small pages
can be erased and reprogrammed using IAP function calls making use of the code
memory for non-volatile data storage practical. Each page erase is 30 ms or less. The
IAP and ISP code in P89V660/662/664 devices support these 128-byte page
operations. In addition, the IAP and ISP code uses multiple page erase operations to
emulate the erasing of the larger block sizes (8 kB and 16 kB to maintain firmware
compatibility).
Status bit versus Status byte. The P89V660/662/664 devices used a Status byte to
control the automatic entry into ISP mode following a reset. On the P89V660/662/664
devices this has changed to a single Status bit. Since the ISP entry was based on the
zero/non-zero value of the Status byte this is an almost identical operation on the
P89V660/662/664 devices.
Faster block erase. The erase time for the entire user code memory of the
P89V660/662/664 devices is 150 ms.
3. Ordering information
Table 1.
Ordering information
Type number
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
Package
Name
Description
Version
P89V662FA
PLCC44
plastic leaded chip carrier; 44 leads
SOT187-2
P89V662FBC
TQFP44
plastic thin quad flat package; 44 leads; body
10 10 1.0 mm
SOT376-1
P89V664FA
PLCC44
plastic leaded chip carrier; 44 leads
SOT187-2
P89V664FBC
TQFP44
plastic thin quad flat package; 44 leads; body
10 10 1.0 mm
SOT376-1
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Rev. 3.1 — 17 October 2011
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2 of 90
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NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
3.1 Ordering options
Table 2.
Ordering options
Type number
Flash memory
Temperature range
Frequency
P89V662FA
32 kB
40 C to +85 C
0 MHz to 40 MHz
P89V662FBC
32 kB
P89V664FA
64 kB
P89V664FBC
64 kB
4. Block diagram
P89V660/662/664
HIGH PERFORMANCE 80C51 CPU
16 kB/32 kB/64 kB
CODE FLASH
TXD
RXD
UART
internal
bus
SPICLK
MOSI
MISO
SS
0.5 kB/1 kB/ 2 kB
DATA RAM
SPI
P4[7:0]
PORT 4
TIMER 0
TIMER 1
T0
T1
P3[7:0]
PORT 3
TIMER 2
T2
T2EX
P2[7:0]
PORT 2
PCA
PROGRAMMABLE
COUNTER ARRAY
P1[7:0]
PORT 1
WATCHDOG TIMER
P0[7:0]
PORT 0
PRIMARY I2C-BUS
OSCILLATOR
SECONDARY I2C-BUS
CRYSTAL
OR
RESONATOR
XTAL1
CEX[4:0]
SCL
SDA
SCL_1
SDA_1
XTAL2
002aab908
Fig 1. Block diagram
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
5. Pinning information
40 P0[3]/AD3
41 P0[2]/AD2
42 P0[1]/AD1
43 P0[0]/AD0
P4[2]/MOSI
1
44 VDD
P1[1]/T2EX
P1[0]/T2
P1[2]/ECI
4
2
P1[3]/CEX0
5
3
P1[4]/CEX1
6
5.1 Pinning
P1[5]/CEX2
7
39 P0[4]/AD4
P1[6]/SCL
8
38 P0[5]/AD5
P1[7]/SDA
9
37 P0[6]/AD6
RST 10
36 P0[7]/AD7
P3[0]/RXD 11
35 EA
P89V660/662/664
P4[3]/SS 12
34 P4[1]/SDA_1/MISO
P2[4]/A12 28
P2[3]/A11 27
P2[1]/A9 25
P2[2]/A10 26
P2[0]/A8 24
P4[0]/SCL_1/SPICLK 23
29 P2[5]/A13
VSS 22
30 P2[6]/A14
P3[5]/T1/CEX4 17
XTAL1 21
31 P2[7]/A15
P3[4]/T0/CEX3 16
XTAL2 20
32 PSEN
P3[3]/INT1 15
P3[7]/RD 19
33 ALE/PROG
P3[2]/INT0 14
P3[6]/WR 18
P3[1]/TXD 13
002aab909
Fig 2. PLCC44 pin configuration
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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NXP Semiconductors
34 P0[3]/AD3
35 P0[2]/AD2
36 P0[1]/AD1
37 P0[0]/AD0
38 VDD
39 P4[2]/MOSI
40 P1[0]/T2
41 P1[1]/T2EX
42 P1[2]/ECI
43 P1[3]/CEX0
44 P1[4]/CEX1
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
P1[5]/CEX2
1
33 P0[4]/AD4
P1[6]/SCL
2
32 P0[5]/AD5
P1[7]/SDA
3
31 P0[6]/AD6
RST
4
30 P0[7]/AD7
P3[0]/RXD
5
P4[3]/SS
6
P3[1]/TXD
7
27 ALE/PROG
P3[2]/INT0
8
26 PSEN
P3[3]/INT1
9
25 P2[7]/A15
P3[4]/T0/CEX3 10
24 P2[6]/A14
P3[5]/T1/CEX4 11
23 P2[5]/A13
29 EA
P2[4]/A12 22
P2[3]/A11 21
28 P4[1]/SDA_1/MISO
P2[2]/A10 20
P2[1]/A9 19
P2[0]/A8 18
P4[0]/SCL_1/SPICLK 17
VSS 16
XTAL1 15
XTAL2 14
P3[7]/RD 13
P3[6]/WR 12
P89V660/662/664
002aab910
Fig 3. TQFP44 pin configuration
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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Rev. 3.1 — 17 October 2011
© NXP B.V. 2011. All rights reserved.
5 of 90
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
5.2 Pin description
Table 3.
Pin description
Symbol
Pin
TQFP44
P0[1]/AD1
P0[2]/AD2
P0[3]/AD3
P0[4]/AD4
P0[5]/AD5
P0[6]/AD6
P0[7]/AD7
P1[0] to
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
P1[7][1]
P1[0]/T2
P1[1]/T2EX
P1[2]/ECI
P1[3]/CEX0
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
40
41
42
43
Description
I/O
Port 0: Port 0 is an 8-bit open-drain bidirectional I/O port.
Port 0 pins that have ‘1’s written to them float, and in this state
can be used as high-impedance inputs. Port 0 is also the
multiplexed low-order address and data bus during accesses
to external code and data memory. In this application, it uses
strong internal pull-ups when making the transition to ‘1’s.
External pull-ups are required as a general purpose I/O port.
I/O
P0[0] — Port 0 bit 0.
I/O
AD0 — Address/data bit 0.
I/O
P0[1] — Port 0 bit 1.
I/O
AD1 — Address/data bit 1.
I/O
P0[2] — Port 0 bit 2.
I/O
AD2 — Address/data bit 2.
I/O
P0[3] — Port 0 bit 3.
I/O
AD3 — Address/data bit 3.
I/O
P0[4] — Port 0 bit 4.
I/O
AD4 — Address/data bit 4.
I/O
P0[5] — Port 0 bit 5.
I/O
AD5 — Address/data bit 5.
I/O
P0[6] — Port 0 bit 6.
I/O
AD6 — Address/data bit 6.
I/O
P0[7] — Port 0 bit 7.
I/O
AD7 — Address/data bit 7.
I/O with
internal
pull-up
Port 1: Port 1 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal
pull-ups. The Port 1 pins are pulled high by the internal pull-ups
when ‘1’s are written to them and can be used as inputs in this
state. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally pulled LOW will
source current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups. P1[5],
P1[6], P1[7] have high current drive of 16 mA.
I/O
P1[0] — Port 1 bit 0.
I
T2 — External count input to Timer/Counter 2 or Clock-out
from Timer/Counter 2
I/O
P1[1] — Port 1 bit 1.
I
T2EX: Timer/Counter 2 capture/reload trigger and direction
control
I/O
P1[2] — Port 1 bit 2.
I
ECI — External clock input. This signal is the external clock
input for the PCA.
I/O
P1[3] — Port 1 bit 3.
I/O
CEX0 — Capture/compare external I/O for PCA Module 0.
Each capture/compare module connects to a Port 1 pin for
external I/O. When not used by the PCA, this pin can handle
standard I/O.
PLCC44
P0[0] to P0[7]
P0[0]/AD0
Type
2
3
4
5
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 3.
Pin description …continued
Symbol
Pin
P1[4]/CEX1
P1[5]/CEX2
P1[6]/SCL
P1[7]/SDA
P2[0] to
PLCC44
44
6
1
2
3
7
8
9
P2[7][1]
P2[0]/A8
P2[1]/A9
P2[2]/A10
P2[3]/A11
P2[4]/A12
P2[5]/A13
P2[6]/A14
P2[7]/A15
P3[0] to
TQFP44
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
P3[7][1]
P3[0]/RXD
P3[1]/TXD
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
5
7
11
13
Type
Description
I/O
P1[4] — Port 1 bit 4.
I/O
CEX1 — Capture/compare external I/O for PCA Module 1
I/O
P1[5] — Port 1 bit 5.
I/O
CEX2 — Capture/compare external I/O for PCA Module 2
I/O
P1[6] — Port 1 bit 6.
I/O
SCL — I2C-bus serial clock input/output
I/O
P1[7] — Port 1 bit 7.
I/O
SDA — I2C-bus serial data input/output
I/O with
internal
pull-up
Port 2: Port 2 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal
pull-ups. Port 2 pins are pulled HIGH by the internal pull-ups
when ‘1’s are written to them and can be used as inputs in this
state. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally pulled LOW will
source current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups. Port 2
sends the high-order address byte during fetches from external
program memory and during accesses to external Data
Memory that use 16-bit address (MOVX@DPTR). In this
application, it uses strong internal pull-ups when making the
transition to ‘1’s.
I/O
P2[0] — Port 2 bit 0.
O
A8 — Address bit 8.
I/O
P2[1] — Port 2 bit 1.
O
A9 — Address bit 9.
I/O
P2[2] — Port 2 bit 2.
O
A10 — Address bit 10.
I/O
P2[3] — Port 2 bit 3.
O
A11 — Address bit 11.
I/O
P2[4] — Port 2 bit 4.
O
A12 — Address bit 12.
I/O
P2[5] — Port 2 bit 5.
O
A13 — Address bit 13.
I/O
P2[6] — Port 2 bit 6.
O
A14 — Address bit 14.
I/O
P2[7] — Port 2 bit 7.
O
A15 — Address bit 15.
I/O with
internal
pull-up
Port 3: Port 3 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal
pull-ups. Port 3 pins are pulled HIGH by the internal pull-ups
when ‘1’s are written to them and can be used as inputs in this
state. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally pulled LOW will
source current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups.
I
P3[0] — Port 3 bit 0.
I
RXD — Serial input port.
O
P3[1] — Port 3 bit 1.
O
TXD — Serial output port.
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 3.
Pin description …continued
Symbol
Pin
P3[2]/INT0
P3[3]/INT1
P3[4]/T0/CEX3
P3[5]/T1/CEX4
P3[6]/WR
P3[7]/RD
P4[0] to
TQFP44
PLCC44
8
14
9
10
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
19
P4[3][1]
P4[0]/SCL_1/
SPICLK
P4[1]/SDA_1/
MISO
17
28
23
34
Type
Description
I
P3[2] — Port 3 bit 2.
I
INT0 — External interrupt 0 input.
I
P3[3] — Port 3 bit 3.
I
INT1 — External interrupt 1 input
I/O
P3[4] — Port 3 bit 4.
I
T0 — External count input to Timer/Counter 0.
I/O
CEX3 — Capture/compare external I/O for PCA Module 3.
I/O
P3[5] — Port 3 bit 5.
I
T1 — External count input to Timer/Counter 1
I/O
CEX4 — Capture/compare external I/O for PCA Module 4
O
P3[6] — Port 3 bit 6.
O
WR — External data memory write strobe
O
P3[7] — Port 3 bit 7.
O
RD — External data memory read strobe.
I/O with
internal
pull-up
Port 4: Port 4 is a 4-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal
pull-ups. Port 4 pins are pulled HIGH by the internal pull-ups
when ‘1’s are written to them and can be used as inputs in this
state. As inputs, Port 4 pins that are externally pulled LOW will
source current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups.
I/O
P4[0] — Port 4 bit 0.
I/O
SCL_1 — Second I2C-bus serial clock input/output
I/O
SPICLK — Serial clock input/output for SPI
I/O
P4[1] — Port 4 bit 1.
I/O
SDA_1 — Second I2C-bus serial data input/output
I/O
MISO — Master input/slave output for SPI
P4[2]/MOSI
39
1
I/O
P4[2] — Port 4 bit 2.
I/O
MOSI — Master output/slave input for SPI
P4[3]/SS
6
12
I
P4[3] — Port 4 bit 3.
I
SS — Slave select input for SPI
PSEN
26
32
I/O
Program Store Enable: PSEN is the read strobe for external
program memory. When the device is executing from internal
program memory, PSEN is inactive (HIGH). When the device is
executing code from external program memory, PSEN is
activated twice each machine cycle, except that two PSEN
activations are skipped during each access to external data
memory.
RST
4
10
I
Reset: While the oscillator is running, a HIGH logic state on
this pin for two machine cycles will reset the device.
EA
29
35
I
External Access Enable: EA must be connected to VSS in
order to enable the device to fetch code from the external
program memory. EA must be strapped to VDD for internal
program execution.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 3.
Pin description …continued
Symbol
Pin
Type
Description
33
I/O
Address Latch Enable: ALE is the output signal for latching
the low byte of the address during an access to external
memory. This pin is also the programming pulse input (PROG)
for flash programming. Normally the ALE[2] is emitted at a
constant rate of 1⁄6 the crystal frequency[3] and can be used for
external timing and clocking. One ALE pulse is skipped during
each access to external data memory. However, if AO is set to
‘1’, ALE is disabled.
21
I
Crystal 1: Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to
the internal clock generator circuits.
TQFP44
PLCC44
ALE/PROG
27
XTAL1
15
XTAL2
14
20
O
Crystal 2: Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.
VDD
38
44
I
Power supply
VSS
16
22
I
Ground
[1]
Port 1, 2, 3, and 4 enter the bidirectional state (except the I2C pins) with a weak pull-up after reset. In this state, the pins can be used as
inputs or outputs. See the 80C51 Family Hardware Description for details of the port structure.
A reset does not assert the strong pull-up for two clock cycles for these ports which normally occurs when the port transitions from a
LOW to a HIGH state. You must first write a zero, then a logic one to enable the strong pull-up for two clock cycles.
[2]
ALE loading issue: When ALE pin experiences higher loading (>30 pF) during the reset, the microcontroller may accidentally enter into
modes other than normal working mode. The solution is to add a pull-up resistor of 3 k to 50 k to VDD, e.g., for ALE pin.
[3]
For 6-clock mode, ALE is emitted at 1⁄3 of crystal frequency.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
6. Functional description
6.1 Special function registers
Remark: SFR accesses are restricted in the following ways:
• User must not attempt to access any SFR locations not defined.
• Accesses to any defined SFR locations must be strictly for the functions for the SFRs.
• SFR bits labeled ‘-’, ‘0’ or ‘1’ can only be written and read as follows:
– ‘-’ Unless otherwise specified, must be written with ‘0’, but can return any value
when read (even if it was written with ‘0’). It is a reserved bit and may be used in
future derivatives.
– ‘0’ must be written with ‘0’, and will return a ‘0’ when read.
– ‘1’ must be written with ‘1’, and will return a ‘1’ when read.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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NXP Semiconductors
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
Table 4.
Special function registers
* indicates Special Function Registers (SFRs) that are bit addressable.
Name
Description
SFR
addr.
Bit address
Bit functions and addresses
MSB
LSB
E7
E6
E5
E4
-
ACC*
Accumulator
E0H
AUXR
Auxiliary function register
8EH
-
-
-
AUXR1
Auxiliary function register 1
A2H
-
-
-
F7
F6
F5
Bit address
B register
CCAP0H
Module 0 Capture HIGH
FAH
CCAP1H
Module 1 Capture HIGH
FBH
CCAP2H
Module 2 Capture HIGH
FCH
CCAP3H
Module 3 Capture HIGH
FDH
E2
E1
E0
-
-
EXTRAM
AO
GF2
0
-
DPS
F4
F3
F2
F1
F0
F0H
Module 4 Capture HIGH
FEH
CCAP0L
Module 0 Capture LOW
EAH
CCAP1L
Module 1 Capture LOW
EBH
CCAP2L
Module 2 Capture LOW
ECH
CCAP3L
Module 3 Capture LOW
EDH
CCAP4L
Module 4 Capture LOW
EEH
CCAPM0
Module 0 mode
C2H
-
ECOM_0
CAPP_0
CAPN_0
MAT_0
TOG_0
PWM_0
ECCF_0
CCAPM1
Module 1 mode
C3H
-
ECOM_1
CAPP_1
CAPN_1
MAT_1
TOG_1
PWM_1
ECCF_1
CCAPM2
Module 2 mode
C4H
-
ECOM_2
CAPP_2
CAPN_2
MAT_2
TOG_2
PWM_2
ECCF_2
CCAPM3
Module 3 mode
C5H
-
ECOM_3
CAPP_3
CAPN_3
MAT_3
TOG_3
PWM_3
ECCF_3
CCAPM4
Module 4 mode
C6H
-
ECOM_4
CAPP_4
CAPN_4
MAT_4
TOG_4
PWM_4
ECCF_4
DF
DE
DD
DC
DB
DA
D9
D8
CF
CR
-
CCF4
CCF3
CCF2
CCF1
CCF0
CIDL
WDTE
-
-
-
CPS1
CPS0
ECF
Bit address
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CCON*
PCA Counter Control
C0H
CH
PCA Counter HIGH
F9H
CL
PCA Counter LOW
E9H
CMOD
PCA Counter mode
C1H
DPTR
Data Pointer (2 B)
DPH
Data Pointer HIGH
83H
DPL
Data Pointer LOW
82H
P89V660/662/664
CCAP4H
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Rev. 3.1 — 17 October 2011
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
B*
E3
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Name
Description
SFR
addr.
Bit address
IEN0*
Interrupt Enable 0
A8H
Bit address
E8H
Bit functions and addresses
MSB
LSB
AF
AE
AD
AC
AB
AA
A9
A8
EA
EC
ES1
ES0
ET1
EX1
ET0
EX0
EF
EE
ED
EC
EB
EA
E9
E8
-
-
-
-
-
ES3
ES2
ET2
IEN1*
Interrupt Enable 1
BF
BE
BD
BC
BB
BA
B9
B8
IP0*
Interrupt Priority 0
B8H
PT2
PPC
PS1
PS0
PT1
PX1
PT0
PX0
IP0H
Interrupt Priority 0 HIGH
B7H
PT2H
PPCH
PS1H
PS0H
PT1H
PX1H
PT0H
PX0H
FF
FE
FD
FC
FB
FA
F9
F8
Bit address
Bit address
Interrupt Priority 1
91H
-
-
-
-
-
-
PS3
PS2
IP1H
Interrupt Priority 1 HIGH
92H
-
-
-
-
-
-
PS3
PS2
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
AD7
AD6
AD5
AD4
AD3
AD2
AD1
AD0
P0*
Port 0
P1*
Port 1
80H
Bit address
90H
Bit address
A0H
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
SDA
SCL
CEX2
CEX1
CEX0
ECI
T2EX
T2
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
A15
A14
A13
A12
A11
A10
A9
A8
Port 2
B7
B6
B5
B4
B3
B2
B1
B0
P3*
Port 3
B0H
RD
WR
CEX4/T1
CEX3/T0
INT1
INT0
TXD
RXD
P4
Port 4
A1H
-
-
-
-
SS
MOSI
MISO/
SDA_1
SPICLK/
SCL_1
PCON
Power Control Register
87H
SMOD1
SMOD0
-
POF
GF1
GF0
PD
IDL
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
CY
AC
F0
RS1
RS0
OV
F1
P
9F
9E
9D
9C
9B
9A
99
98
SM0/FE_
SM1
SM2
REN
TB8
RB8
TI
RI
Bit address
Bit address
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© NXP B.V. 2011. All rights reserved.
PSW*
Program Status Word
D0H
RCAP2H
Timer2 Capture HIGH
CBH
RCAP2L
Timer2 Capture LOW
CAH
Bit address
S0CON*
Serial Port Control
98H
S0BUF
Serial Port Data Buffer Register
99H
SADDR
Serial Port Address Register
A9H
P89V660/662/664
P2*
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Rev. 3.1 — 17 October 2011
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IP1*
Bit address
NXP Semiconductors
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
Table 4.
Special function registers …continued
* indicates Special Function Registers (SFRs) that are bit addressable.
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xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx
Name
SADEN
Description
Serial Port Address Enable
SFR
addr.
Bit functions and addresses
MSB
LSB
B9H
Bit address
87[1]
86[1]
85[1]
84[1]
83[1]
82[1]
81[1]
80[1]
SPI Control Register
D5H
SPIE
SPEN
DORD
MSTR
CPOL
CPHA
SPR1
SPR0
SPSR
SPI Configuration Register
AAH
SPIF
WCOL
-
-
-
-
-
-
SPDAT
SPI Data
86H
SP
Stack Pointer
81H
S1DAT
I2C-bus data register
DAH
S1ADR
I2C-bus
slave address register
DBH
S1ADR.6
S1ADR.5
S1ADR.4
S1ADR.3
S1ADR.2
S1ADR.1
S1ADR.0
S1GC
S1STA
I2C-bus
status register
D9H
SC4
SC3
SC2
SC1
SC0
0
0
0
S1CON*
I2C-bus control register
D8H
CR2
ENS1
STA
STO
SI
AA
CR1
CR0
S2DAT
I2C-bus data register
E2H
S2ADR
I2C-bus
slave address register
E3H
S2ADR.6
S2ADR.5
S2ADR.4
S2ADR.3
S2ADR.2
S2ADR.1
S2ADR.0
S2GC
S2STA
I2C-bus
status register
E1H
SC24
SC23
SC22
SC21
SC20
0
0
0
S2CON*
I2C-bus control register
F8H
CR22
ENS21
STA2
STO2
SI2
AA2
CR21
CR20
8F
8E
8D
8C
8B
8A
89
88
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
Bit address
Timer Control Register
88H
CF
CE
CD
CC
CB
CA
C9
C8
T2CON*
Timer2 Control Register
C8H
TF2
EXF2
RCLK
TCLK
EXEN2
TR2
C/T2
CP/RL2
T2MOD
Timer2 mode Control
C9H
-
-
ENT2
-
-
-
T2OE
DCEN
TH0
Timer 0 HIGH
8CH
GATE
C/T
M1
M0
GATE
C/T
M1
M0
Bit address
TH1
Timer 1 HIGH
8DH
TH2
Timer 2 HIGH
CDH
TL0
Timer 0 LOW
8AH
TL1
Timer 1 LOW
8BH
TL2
Timer 2 LOW
CCH
TMOD
Timer 0 and 1 mode
89H
WDTRST
WatchDog Timer Reset
A6H
Unimplemented bits in SFRs (labeled ’-’) are ‘X’s (unknown) at all times. Unless otherwise specified, ‘1’s should not be written to these bits since they may be used for other
purposes in future derivatives. The reset values shown for these bits are ‘0’s although they are unknown when read.
P89V660/662/664
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TCON*
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Rev. 3.1 — 17 October 2011
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SPCR
[1]
NXP Semiconductors
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
Table 4.
Special function registers …continued
* indicates Special Function Registers (SFRs) that are bit addressable.
P89V660/662/664
NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
6.2 Memory organization
The various P89V660/662/664 memory spaces are as follows:
• DATA
128 B of internal data memory space (00H:7FH) accessed via direct or indirect
addressing, using instructions other than MOVX and MOVC. All or part of the Stack
may be in this area.
• IDATA
Indirect Data. 256 B of internal data memory space (00H:FFH) accessed via indirect
addressing using instructions other than MOVX and MOVC. All or part of the Stack
may be in this area. This area includes the DATA area and the 128 B immediately
above it.
• SFR
Special Function Registers. Selected CPU registers and peripheral control and status
registers, accessible only via direct addressing.
• XDATA
‘External’ Data or Auxiliary RAM. Duplicates the classic 80C51 64 kB memory space
addressed via the MOVX instruction using the DPTR, R0, or R1. The
P89V660/662/664 have 256/768/1792 B of on-chip XDATA memory.
• CODE
64 kB of Code memory space, accessed as part of program execution and via the
MOVC instruction. The P89V660/662/664 have 16/32/64 kB of on-chip Code memory.
6.2.1 Expanded data RAM addressing
The P89V660/662/664 have 512 B/1 kB/2 kB of RAM. See Figure 4.
To access the expanded RAM, the EXTRAM bit must be set and MOVX instructions must
be used. The extra memory is physically located on the chip and logically occupies the
first bytes of external memory (addresses 000H to 0FFH/2FFH/6FFH).
Table 5.
AUXR - Auxiliary register (address 8EH) bit allocation
Not bit addressable; Reset value 00H
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol
-
-
-
-
-
-
EXTRAM
AO
When EXTRAM = 1, the expanded RAM is indirectly addressed using the MOVX
instruction in combination with any of the registers R0, R1 of the selected bank or DPTR.
Accessing the expanded RAM does not affect ports P0, P3[6] (WR), P3[7] (RD), or P2.
With EXTRAM = 1, the expanded RAM can be accessed as in the following example.
Expanded RAM Access (Indirect Addressing only):
MOVX@DPTR, A; DPTR contains 0A0H
The DPTR points to location 0A0H and the data in the accumulator is written to address
0A0H of the expanded RAM rather than off-chip external memory. Access to EXTRAM
addresses that are not present on the device (above 0FFH for the 89V660, above 2FFH
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Product data sheet
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NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
for the 89V662, above 6FFH for the 89V664) will access external off-chip memory and will
perform in the same way as the standard 8051, with P0 and P2 as data/address bus, and
P3[6] and P3[7] as write and read timing signals.
Table 6.
AUXR - Auxiliary register (address 8EH) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7 to 2
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
1
EXTRAM
Internal/External RAM access using MOVX @Ri/@DPTR. When ‘1’,
accesses internal XRAM with address specified in MOVX instruction.
If address supplied with this instruction exceeds on-chip available
XRAM, off-chip RAM is accessed. When ‘0’, every MOVX instructions
targets external data memory by default.
0
AO
ALE off: disables/enables ALE. AO = 0 results in ALE emitted at a
constant rate of 1⁄2 the oscillator frequency. In case of AO = 1, ALE is
active only during a MOVX or MOVC.
When EXTRAM = 0, MOVX @Ri and MOVX @DPTR will be similar to the standard 8051.
Using MOVX @Ri provides an 8-bit address with multiplexed data on Port 0. Other output
port pins can be used to output higher order address bits. This provides external paging
capabilities. Using MOVX @DPTR generates a 16-bit address. This allows external
addressing up the 64 kB. Port 2 provides the high-order eight address bits (DPH), and
Port 0 multiplexes the low order eight address bits (DPL) with data. Both MOVX @Ri and
MOVX @DPTR generates the necessary read and write signals (P3[6] - WR and P3[7] RD) for external memory use. Table 7 shows external data memory RD, WR operation
with EXTRAM bit.
The stack pointer (SP) can be located anywhere within the 256 B of internal RAM (lower
128 B and upper 128 B). The stack pointer may not be located in any part of the expanded
RAM.
Table 7.
External data memory RD, WR with EXTRAM bit
AUXR
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
MOVX @DPTR, A or MOVX A,
@DPTR
ADDR < 0100H
(89V660)
ADDR 0100H
(89V660)
ADDR < 0300H
(89V662)
ADDR 0300H
(89V662)
ADDR < 0700H
(89V664)
ADDR 0700H
(89V664)
MOVX @Ri, A or MOVX A, @Ri
ADDR = any
EXTRAM = 0
RD/WR asserted
RD/WR asserted
RD/WR asserted
EXTRAM = 1
RD/WR not
asserted
RD/WR asserted
RD/WR not asserted
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
2FFH
EXPANDED
RAM
768 B
FFH
80H
7FH
000H
(INDIRECT
ADDRESSING)
00H
FFFFH
(INDIRECT
ADDRESSING)
UPPER 128 B
INTERNAL RAM
FFH
80H
(DIRECT
ADDRESSING)
SPECIAL
FUNCTION
REGISTERS (SFRs)
LOWER 128 B
INTERNAL RAM
(INDIRECT AND
DIRECT
ADDRESSING)
(INDIRECT
ADDRESSING)
FFFFH
(INDIRECT
ADDRESSING)
EXTERNAL
DATA
MEMORY
EXTERNAL
DATA
MEMORY
0300H
2FFH
EXPANDED RAM
0000H
000H
EXTRAM = 0
EXTRAM = 1
002aaa517
Fig 4. Internal and external data memory structure
6.2.2 Dual data pointers
The device has two 16-bit data pointers. The DPTR Select (DPS) bit in AUXR1
determines which of the two data pointers is accessed. When DPS = 0, DPTR0 is
selected; when DPS = 1, DPTR1 is selected. Quickly switching between the two data
pointers can be accomplished by a single INC instruction on AUXR1 (see Figure 5).
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
AUXR1 / bit0
DPS
DPTR1
DPTR0
DPS = 0 → DPTR0
DPS = 1 → DPTR1
DPL
82H
DPH
83H
external data memory
002aaa518
Fig 5. Dual data pointer organization
Table 8.
AUXR1 - Auxiliary register 1 (address A2H) bit allocation
Not bit addressable; Reset value 00H
Bit
Symbol
Table 9.
7
6
-
-
5
-
4
-
3
GF2
2
0
1
-
0
DPS
AUXR1 - Auxiliary register 1 (address A2H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7 to 4
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
3
GF2
General purpose user-defined flag.
2
0
This bit contains a hard-wired ‘0’. Allows toggling of the DPS bit by
incrementing AUXR1, without interfering with other bits in the register.
1
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
0
DPS
Data pointer select. Chooses one of two Data Pointers for use by the
program. See text for details.
6.2.3 Reset
At initial power-up, the port pins will be in a random state until the oscillator has started
and the internal reset algorithm has weakly pulled all pins high. Powering up the device
without a valid reset could cause the MCU to start executing instructions from an
indeterminate location. Such undefined states may inadvertently corrupt the code in the
flash. A system reset will not affect the on-chip RAM while the device is running, however,
the contents of the on-chip RAM during power-up are indeterminate.
When power is applied to the device, the RST pin must be held high long enough for the
oscillator to start-up (usually several milliseconds for a low frequency crystal), in addition
to two machine cycles for a valid power-on reset. An example of a method to extend the
RST signal is to implement a RC circuit by connecting the RST pin to VDD through a 10 µF
capacitor and to VSS through an 8.2 k resistor as shown in Figure 6.
During initial power the POF flag in the PCON register is set to indicate an initial power-up
condition. The POF flag will remain active until cleared by software.
Following a reset condition, under normal conditions, the MCU will start executing code
from address 0000H in the user’s code memory. However if either the PSEN pin was low
when reset was exited, or the Status Bit was set = 1, the MCU will start executing code
from the boot address. The boot address is formed using the value of the boot vector as
the high byte of the address and 00H as the low byte.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
VDD
10 μF
VDD
RST
8.2 kΩ
C2
XTAL2
XTAL1
C1
002aaa543
Fig 6. Power-on reset circuit
6.3 Flash memory
6.3.1 Flash organization
The P89V660/662/664 program memory consists of a 16/32/64 kB block for user code.
The flash can be read or written in bytes and can be erased in 128 pages. A chip erase
function will erase the entire user code memory and its associated security bits. There are
three methods of erasing or programming the flash memory that may be used. First, the
flash may be programmed or erased in the end-user application by calling LOW-state
routines through a common IAP entry point. Second, the on-chip ISP bootloader may be
invoked. This ISP bootloader will, in turn, call LOW-state routines through the same
common entry point that can be used by the end-user application. Third, the flash may be
programmed or erased using the parallel method by using a commercially available
EPROM programmer which supports this device.
6.3.2 Features
• Flash internal program memory with 128-byte page erase.
• Internal Boot block, containing LOW-state IAP routines available to user code.
• Boot vector allows user-provided flash loader code to reside anywhere in the flash
memory space, providing flexibility to the user.
• Default loader providing ISP via the serial port, located in upper end of program
memory.
•
•
•
•
•
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
Programming and erase over the full operating voltage range.
Read/Programming/Erase using ISP/IAP.
Programming with industry-standard commercial programmers.
10000 typical erase/program cycles for each byte.
100 year minimum data retention.
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
6.3.3 Boot block
When the microcontroller programs its own flash memory, all of the low level details are
handled by code (bootloader) that is contained in a Boot block. A user program calls the
common entry point in the Boot block with appropriate parameters to accomplish the
desired operation. Boot block operations include erase user code, program user code,
program security bits, chip erase, etc. The Boot block logically overlays the program
memory space from FC00H to FFFFH, when it is enabled. The Boot block may be
disabled on-the-fly so that the upper 1 kB of user code is available to the user’s program.
6.3.4 Power-on reset code execution
The P89V660/662/664 contains two special flash elements: the Boot Vector and the Boot
Status bit. Following reset, the P89V660/662/664 examines the contents of the Boot
Status bit. If the Boot Status bit is set to zero, power-up execution starts at location 0000H,
which is the normal start address of the user’s application code. When the Boot Status bit
is set to a value other than zero, the contents of the Boot Vector are used as the high byte
of the execution address and the low byte is set to 00H
Table 10 shows the factory default Boot Vector setting for this device. A factory-provided
bootloader is pre-programmed into the address space indicated and uses the indicated
boot loader entry point to perform ISP functions.
Table 10.
Default boot vector values and ISP entry points
Device
Default boot vector
Default bootloader
entry point
Default bootloader code
range
P89V660/662/664
FCH
FC00H
FC00H to FFFFH
6.3.5 Hardware activation of the bootloader
The bootloader can also be executed by forcing the device into ISP mode during a
power-on sequence. This has the same effect as having a non-zero status byte. This
allows an application to be built that will normally execute user code but can be manually
forced into ISP operation. If the factory default setting for the boot vector (FCH) is
changed, it will no longer point to the factory pre-programmed ISP bootloader code. After
programming the flash, the status byte should be programmed to zero in order to allow
execution of the user’s application code beginning at address 0000H.
6.3.6 ISP
ISP is performed without removing the microcontroller from the system. The ISP facility
consists of a series of internal hardware resources coupled with internal firmware to
facilitate remote programming of the P89V660/662/664 through the serial port. This
firmware is provided by NXP and embedded within each P89V660/662/664 device. The
NXP ISP facility has made in-circuit programming in an embedded application possible
with a minimum of additional expense in components and circuit board area. The ISP
function uses five pins (VDD, VSS, TXD, RXD, and RST). Only a small connector needs to
be available to interface your application to an external circuit in order to use this feature.
6.3.7 Using ISP
The ISP feature allows for a wide range of baud rates to be used in your application,
independent of the oscillator frequency. It is also adaptable to a wide range of oscillator
frequencies. This is accomplished by measuring the bit-time of a single bit in a received
character. This information is then used to program the baud rate in terms of timer counts
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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19 of 90
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NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
based on the oscillator frequency. The ISP feature requires that an initial character (an
uppercase U) be sent to the P89V660/662/664 to establish the baud rate. The ISP
firmware provides auto-echo of received characters. Once baud rate initialization has
been performed, the ISP firmware will only accept Intel Hex-type records. Intel Hex
records consist of ASCII characters used to represent hexadecimal values and are
summarized below:
:NNAAAARRDD..DDCC
In the Intel Hex record, the ‘NN’ represents the number of data bytes in the record. The
P89V660/662/664 will accept up to 32 data bytes. The ‘AAAA’ string represents the
address of the first byte in the record. If there are zero bytes in the record, this field is
often set to 0000. The ‘RR’ string indicates the record type. A record type of ‘00’ is a data
record. A record type of ‘01’ indicates the end-of-file mark. In this application, additional
record types will be added to indicate either commands or data for the ISP facility.
The maximum number of data bytes in a record is limited to 32 (decimal). ISP commands
are summarized in Table 11. As a record is received by the P89V660/662/664, the
information in the record is stored internally and a checksum calculation is performed. The
operation indicated by the record type is not performed until the entire record has been
received. Should an error occur in the checksum, the P89V660/662/664 will send an ‘X’
out the serial port indicating a checksum error. If the checksum calculation is found to
match the checksum in the record, then the command will be executed. In most cases,
successful reception of the record will be indicated by transmitting a ‘.’ character out the
serial port.
Table 11.
ISP hex record formats
Record type
Command/data function
00
Program User Code Memory
:nnaaaa00dd..ddcc
Where:
nn = number of bytes to program
aaaa = address
dd..dd = data bytes
cc = checksum
Example:
:09000000010203040506070809CA
01
End of File (EOF), no operation
:xxxxxx01cc
Where:
xxxxxx = required field but value is a ‘don’t care’
cc = checksum
Example:
:00000001FF
02
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
not used
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 11.
ISP hex record formats …continued
Record type
Command/data function
03
Miscellaneous Write Functions
:nnxxxx03ffssddcc
Where:
nn = number of bytes in the record
xxxx = required field but value is a ‘don’t care’
ff = subfunction code
ss = selection code
dd = data (if needed)
cc = checksum
Subfunction code = 01 (Erase Blocks)
ff = 01
ss = block code, as shown below
block 0, 0k to 8k, 00H
block 1, 8k to 16k, 20H
block 0, 16k to 32k, 40H
block 0, 32k to 48k, 80H
block 0, 48k to 64k, C0H
Subfunction code = 04 (Erase Boot vector and Status Bit)
ff = 04
ss = don’t care
Subfunction code = 05 (Program security bits)
ff = 05
ss = 00 program security bit 1
ss = 01 program security bit 2
ss = 02 program security bit 3
Subfunction code = 06 (Program Status bit, Boot vector, 6x/12x bit)
ff = 06
dd = data (for Boot vector)
ss = 00 program Status bit
ss = 01 program Boot vector
ss = 02 program 6x/12x bit
Subfunction code = 07 (Chip Erase)
Erases code memory and security bits, programs default Boot vector and
Status bit
ff = 07
Subfunction code = 08 (Erase page, 128 B)
ff = 08
ss = high byte of page address (A[15:8])
dd = low byte of page address (A[7:0])
Example:
:0300000308E000F2 (erase page at E000H)
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Table 11.
ISP hex record formats …continued
Record type
Command/data function
04
Display Device Data or Blank Check
:05xxxx04sssseeeeffcc
Where
05 = number of bytes in the record
xxxx = required field but value is a ‘don’t care’
04 = function code for display or blank check
ssss = starting address, MSB first
eeee = ending address, MSB first
ff = subfunction
00 = display data
01 = blank check
cc = checksum
Subfunction codes:
Example:
:0500000400001FFF00D9 (display from 0000H to 1FFFH)
05
Miscellaneous Read Functions
:02xxxx05ffsscc
Where:
02 = number of bytes in the record
xxxx = required field but value is a ‘don’t care’
05 = function code for misc read
ffss = subfunction and selection code
0000 = read manufacturer id
0001 = read device id 1
0002 = read device id 2
0003 = read 6x/12x bit (bit 7 = 1 is 6x, bit 7 = 0 is 12x)
0080 = read boot code version
0700 = read security bits
0701 = read Status bit
0702 = read Boot vector
cc = checksum
Example:
:020000050000F9 (display manufacturer id)
06
Direct Load of Baud Rate
:02xxxx06HHLLcc
Where:
02 = number of bytes in the record
xxxx = required field but value is a ‘don’t care’
HH = high byte of timer T2
LL = low byte of timer T2
cc = checksum
Example:
:02000006FFFFcc (load T2 = FFFF)
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6.3.8 IAP method
Several IAP calls are available for use by an application program to permit selective
erasing, reading and programming of flash pages, security bits, security bits, Status bit,
and device id. All calls are made through a common interface, PGM_MTP. The
programming functions are selected by setting up the microcontroller’s registers before
making a call to PGM_MTP at FFF0H. The IAP calls are shown in Table 12.
Table 12.
IAP function calls
IAP function
IAP call parameters
Read Id
Input parameters:
R1 = 00H or 80H (WDT feed)
DPH = 00H
DPL = 00H = manufacturer id
DPL = 01H = device id 1
DPL = 02H = device id 2
DPL = 03H = 6x/12x bit (bit 7 = 1 = 6x)
DPL = 80H = ISP version number
Return parameter(s):
ACC = requested parameter
Erase 8 kB/16 kB code block
Input parameters:
R1 = 01H or 81H (WDT feed)
DPL = 00H, block 0, 0 kB to 8 kB
DPL = 20H, block 1, 8 kB to 16 kB
DPL = 40H, block 2, 16 kB to 32 kB
DPL = 80H, block 3, 32 kB to 48 kB
DPL = C0H, block 4, 48 kB to 64 kB
Return parameter(s):
ACC = 00 = pass
ACC = !00 = fail
Program User Code
Input parameters:
R1 = 02H or 82H (WDT feed)
DPH = memory address MSB
DPL = memory address LSB
ACC = byte to program
Return parameter(s):
ACC = 00 = pass
ACC = !00 = fail
Read User Code
Input parameters:
R1 = 03H or 83H (WDT feed)
DPH = memory address MSB
DPL = memory address LSB
Return parameter(s):
ACC = device data
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Table 12.
IAP function calls …continued
IAP function
IAP call parameters
Erase Status bit and Boot vector
Input parameters:
R1 = 04H or 84H (WDT feed)
DPL = don’t care
DPH = don’t care
Return parameter(s):
ACC = 00 = pass
ACC = !00 = fail
Program Security bits
Input parameters:
R1 = 05H or 85H (WDT feed)
DPL = 00H = security bit 1
DPL = 01H = security bit 2
DPL = 02H = security bit 3
Return parameter(s):
ACC = 00 = pass
ACC = !00 = fail
Program Status bit, Boot vector,
6x/12x bit
Input parameters:
R1 = 06H or 86H (WDT feed)
DPL = 00H = program Status bit
DPL = 01H = program Boot vector
DPL = 02H = 6x/12x bit
ACC = Boot vector value to program
Return parameter(s):
ACC = 00 = pass
ACC = !00 = fail
Read Security bits, Status bit, Boot Input parameters:
vector
ACC = 07H or 87H (WDT feed)
DPL = 00H = security bits
DPL = 01H = Status bit
DPL = 02H = Boot vector
Return parameter(s):
ACC = 00 SoftICE S/N-match 0 SB 0 DBL_CLK
Erase page
Input parameters:
R1 = 08H or 88H (WDT feed)
DPH = page address high byte
DPL = page address low byte
Return parameter(s):
ACC = 00 = pass
ACC = !00 = fail
6.4 I2C-bus interface
The I2C-bus uses two wires, Serial Clock (SCL) and Serial Data (SDA) to transfer
information between devices connected to the bus, and has the following features:
• Bidirectional data transfer between masters and slaves
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• Multimaster bus (no central master)
• Arbitration between simultaneously transmitting masters without corruption of serial
data on the bus
• Serial clock synchronization allows devices with different bit rates to communicate via
one serial bus
• Serial clock synchronization can be used as a handshake mechanism to suspend and
resume serial transfer
• The I2C-bus may be used for test and diagnostic purposes
A typical I2C-bus configuration is shown in Figure 7. Depending on the state of the
direction bit (R/W), two types of data transfers are possible on the I2C-bus:
• Data transfer from a master transmitter to a slave receiver. The first byte transmitted
by the master is the slave address. Next follows a number of data bytes. The slave
returns an acknowledge bit after each received byte.
• Data transfer from a slave transmitter to a master receiver. The first byte (the slave
address) is transmitted by the master. The slave then returns an acknowledge bit.
Next follows the data bytes transmitted by the slave to the master. The master returns
an acknowledge bit after all received bytes other than the last byte. At the end of the
last received byte, a ‘not acknowledge’ is returned. The master device generates all of
the serial clock pulses and the START and STOP conditions. A transfer is ended with
a STOP condition or with a repeated START condition. Since a repeated START
condition is also the beginning of the next serial transfer, the I2C-bus will not be
released.
The P89V660/662/664 device provides two byte-oriented I2C-bus interfaces. For
simplicity, the description in this text is written for the primary interface. However, unless
otherwise noted, the description applies to the secondary I2C-bus interface with
consideration given to the SFR’s addresses for the secondary interface. Please note that
the secondary I2C-bus interface uses quasi-bidirectional I/O pins instead of open-drain
pins. The interface has four operation modes: Master Transmitter mode, Master Receiver
mode, Slave Transmitter mode and Slave Receiver mode
Rpu
Rpu
SDA
I2C-bus
SCL
P1[7]/SDA
P1[6]/SCL
P89V660/662/664
OTHER DEVICE
WITH I2C-BUS
INTERFACE
OTHER DEVICE
WITH I2C-BUS
INTERFACE
002aab911
Fig 7.
I2C-bus configuration
The P89V660/662/664 CPU interfaces with the I2C-bus through four Special Function
Registers (SFRs): S1CON (primary I2C-bus Control Register), S1DAT (primary I2C-bus
Data Register), S1STA (primary I2C-bus Status Register), and the S1ADR (primary
I2C-bus Slave Address Register).
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6.4.1 I2C-bus data register
S1DAT register contains the data to be transmitted or the data received. The CPU can
read and write to this 8-bit register while it is not in the process of shifting a byte. Thus this
register should only be accessed when the SI bit is set. Data in S1DAT remains stable as
long as the SI bit is set. Data in S1DAT is always shifted from right to left: the first bit to be
transmitted is the MSB (bit 7), and after a byte has been received, the first bit of received
data is located at the MSB of S1DAT.
6.4.2 I2C-bus slave address register
The S1ADR register is readable and writable, and is only used when the I2C-bus interface
is set to slave mode. In master mode, this register has no effect. The LSB of S1ADR is
general call bit. When this bit is set, the general call address (00H) is recognized.
I2C-bus slave address register (S1ADR - address DBH) bit allocation
Table 13.
Bit
7
Symbol
S1ADR.6 S1ADR.5 S1ADR.4 S1ADR.3 S1ADR.2 S1ADR.1 S1ADR.0 S1GC
Reset
0
Table 14.
Bit
6
5
0
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
I2C-bus slave address register (S1ADR - address DBH) bit description
Symbol
Description
7:1 S1ADR7:1 7 bit own slave address. When in master mode, the contents of this register has
no effect.
0
S1GC
General call bit. When set, the general call address (00H) is recognized,
otherwise it is ignored.
6.4.3 I2C-bus control register
The CPU can read and write this register. There are two bits are affected by hardware: the
SI bit and the STO bit. The SI bit is set by hardware and the STO bit is cleared by
hardware.
CR2:0 determines the SCL source and frequency when the I2C-bus is in master mode. In
slave mode these bits are ignored and the bus will automatically synchronize with any
clock frequency up to 100 kHz from the master I2C-bus device. Timer 1 should be
programmed by the user in 8 bit auto-reload mode (Mode 2) when used as the SCL
source. See Table 17.
The STA bit is START flag. Setting this bit causes the I2C-bus interface to enter master
mode and attempt transmitting a START condition or transmitting a repeated START
condition when it is already in master mode.
The STO bit is STOP flag. Setting this bit causes the I2C-bus interface to transmit a STOP
condition in master mode, or recovering from an error condition in slave mode.
If the STA and STO are both set, then a STOP condition is transmitted to the I2C-bus if it is
in master mode, and transmits a START condition afterwards. If it is in slave mode, an
internal STOP condition will be generated, but it is not transmitted to the bus.
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Table 15.
I2C-bus control register (S1CON - address D8H) bit allocation
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol
CR2
ENS1
STA
STO
SI
AA
CR1
CR0
Reset
x
0
0
0
0
0
x
0
I2C-bus control register (S1CON - address D8H) bit description
Table 16.
Bit
Symbol
Description
7,1,0
CR2:0
SCL clock selection. See Table 17.
2
AA
The Assert Acknowledge Flag. When set to 1, an acknowledge (LOW-state to SDA) will be returned
during the acknowledge clock pulse on the SCL line on the following situations:
1. The ‘own slave address’ has been received.
2. The general call address has been received while the general call bit (GC) in S1ADR is set.
3. A data byte has been received while the I2C-bus interface is in the Master Receiver mode.
4. A data byte has been received while the I2C-bus interface is in the addressed Slave Receiver
mode.
When cleared to 0, an not acknowledge (HIGH-state to SDA) will be returned during the acknowledge
clock pulse on the SCL line on the following situations:
1. A data byte has been received while the I2C-bus interface is in the Master Receiver mode.
2. A data byte has been received while the I2C-bus interface is in the addressed Slave Receiver
mode.
3
SI
I2C-bus Interrupt Flag. This bit is set when one of the 25 possible I2C-bus states is entered. When EA
bit and EI2C (IEN1.0) bit are both set, an interrupt is requested when SI is set. Must be cleared by
software by writing 0 to this bit.
4
STO
STOP Flag. STO = 1: In master mode, a STOP condition is transmitted to the I2C-bus. When the bus
detects the STOP condition, it will clear STO bit automatically. In slave mode, setting this bit can
recover from an error condition. In this case, no STOP condition is transmitted to the bus. The
hardware behaves as if a STOP condition has been received and it switches to ‘not addressed’ Slave
Receiver mode. The STO flag is cleared by hardware automatically.
5
STA
Start Flag. STA = 1: I2C-bus enters master mode, checks the bus and generates a START condition if
the bus is free. If the bus is not free, it waits for a STOP condition (which will free the bus) and
generates a START condition after a delay of a half clock period of the internal clock generator. When
the I2C-bus interface is already in master mode and some data is transmitted or received, it transmits
a repeated START condition. STA may be set at any time, it may also be set when the I2C-bus
interface is in an addressed slave mode. STA = 0: no START condition or repeated START condition
will be generated.
6
ENS1
I2C-bus Interface Enable. When set, enables the I2C-bus interface. When clear, the I2C-bus function is
disabled.
Table 17.
I2C-bus clock rates
CR2:0
Bit frequency at fosc
6-clock mode
12-clock mode
fosc divided by
6 MHz
12 MHZ
6 MHz
000
47
94
23
47
128
256
001
54
107
27
54
112
224
010
63
125
31
63
96
192
011
75
150
37
75
80
160
100
12.5
25
6.25
12.5
480
960
P89V660_662_664
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12X
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Table 17.
I2C-bus clock rates …continued
CR2:0
Bit frequency at fosc
6-clock mode
12-clock mode
fosc divided by
6 MHz
12 MHZ
6 MHz
12 MHz
6X
12X
100
200
50
100
60
120
110
200
400
100
200
30
60
111
0.49 < 62.5
0.98 < 50.0
0.24 < 62.5
0.49 < 62.5
48 x (Timer 1
reload)
96 x (Timer 1
reload)
101
6.4.4 I2C-bus status register
This is a read-only register. It contains the status code of the I2C-bus interface. The least
three bits are always 0. There are 26 possible status codes. When the code is F8H, there
is no relevant information available and SI bit is not set. All other 25 status codes
correspond to defined I2C-bus states. When any of these states entered, the SI bit will be
set. Refer to Table 22 to Table 25 for details.
Table 18.
I2C-bus status register (S1STA - address D9H) bit allocation
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol
SC.4
SC.3
SC.2
SC.1
SC.0
0
0
0
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Table 19.
I2C-bus status register (S1STA - address D9H) bit description
Bit Symbol
Description
7:3 SC[4:0]
I2C-bus Status code.
2:0 -
Reserved, are always set to 0.
6.4.5 I2C-bus operation modes
6.4.5.1
Master transmitter mode
In this mode data is transmitted from master to slave. Before the Master Transmitter mode
can be entered, S1CON must be initialized as follows:
Table 20.
I2C-bus control register (S1CON - address D8H)
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol
CR2
ENS1
STA
STO
SI
AA
CR1
CR0
Value
bit rate
1
0
0
0
x
bit rate
bit rate
CR2:0 define the bit rate (See Table 17). ENS1 must be set to 1 to enable the I2C-bus
function. If the AA bit is 0, it will not acknowledge its own slave address or the general call
address in the event of another device becoming master of the bus and it can not enter
slave mode. STA, STO, and SI bits must be cleared to 0.
The first byte transmitted contains the slave address of the receiving device (7 bits) and
the data direction bit. In this case, the data direction bit (R/W) will be logic 0 indicating a
write. Data is transmitted 8 bits at a time. After each byte is transmitted, an acknowledge
bit is received. START and STOP conditions are output to indicate the beginning and the
end of a serial transfer.
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The I2C-bus will enter Master Transmitter mode by setting the STA bit. The I2C-bus logic
will send the START condition as soon as the bus is free. After the START condition is
transmitted, the SI bit is set, and the status code in S1STA should be 08H. This status
code must be used to vector to an interrupt service routine where the user should load the
slave address to S1DAT and data direction bit (SLA+W). The SI bit must be cleared
before the data transfer can continue.
When the slave address and R/W bit have been transmitted and an acknowledgment bit
has been received, the SI bit is set again, and the possible status codes are 18H, 20H, or
38H for the master mode or 68H, 78H, or 0B0H if the slave mode was enabled (setting
AA = Logic 1). The appropriate action to be taken for each of these status codes is shown
in Table 22.
S
slave address
R/W
A
DATA
logic 0 = write
logic 1 = read
A
DATA
A/A
P
data transferred
(n Bytes + acknowledge)
A = acknowledge (SDA LOW)
A = not acknowledge (SDA HIGH)
S = START condition
P = STOP condition
from master to slave
from slave to master
002aaa929
Fig 8. Format in the Master Transmitter mode
6.4.5.2
Master receiver mode
In the Master Receiver mode, data is received from a slave transmitter. The transfer
started in the same manner as in the Master Transmitter mode. When the START
condition has been transmitted, the interrupt service routine must load the slave address
and the data direction bit to I2C-bus Data Register (S1DAT). The SI bit must be cleared
before the data transfer can continue.
When the slave address and data direction bit have been transmitted and an
acknowledge bit has been received, the SI bit is set, and the Status Register will show the
status code. For master mode, the possible status codes are 40H, 48H, or 38H. For slave
mode, the possible status codes are 68H, 78H, or B0H. Refer to Table 24 for details.
S
slave address
R
A
DATA
DATA
A
P
data transferred
(n Bytes + acknowledge)
logic 0 = write
logic 1 = read
from master to slave
from slave to master
A
A = acknowledge (SDA LOW)
A = not acknowledge (SDA HIGH)
S = START condition
002aaa930
Fig 9. Format of Master Receiver mode
After a repeated START condition, I2C-bus may switch to the Master Transmitter mode.
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S
SLA
R
A
logic 0 = write
logic 1 = read
DATA
A
DATA
A
RS
SLA
W
A
DATA
A
P
data transferred
(n Bytes + acknowledge)
A = acknowledge (SDA LOW)
A = not acknowledge (SDA HIGH)
S = START condition
P = STOP condition
SLA = slave address
RS = repeat START condition
from master to slave
from slave to master
002aaa931
Fig 10. A Master Receiver switches to Master Transmitter after sending Repeated Start
6.4.5.3
Slave receiver mode
In the Slave Receiver mode, data bytes are received from a master transmitter. To
initialize the Slave Receiver mode, the user should write the slave address to the Slave
Address Register (S1ADR) and the I2C-bus Control Register (S1CON) should be
configured as follows:
I2C-bus control register (S1CON - address D8H)
Table 21.
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol
CR2
ENS1
STA
STO
SI
AA
CR1
CR0
Value
-
1
0
0
0
1
-
-
CR2:0 are not used for slave mode. ENS1 must be set = 1 to enable I2C-bus function. AA
bit must be set = 1 to acknowledge its own slave address or the general call address.
STA, STO and SI are cleared to 0.
After S1ADR and S1CON are initialized, the interface waits until it is addressed by its own
address or general address followed by the data direction bit which is 0(W). If the direction
bit is 1(R), it will enter Slave Transmitter mode. After the address and the direction bit
have been received, the SI bit is set and a valid status code can be read from the Status
Register(S1STA). Refer to Table 25 for the status codes and actions.
S
slave address
W
A
DATA
logic 0 = write
logic 1 = read
from master to slave
from slave to master
A
DATA
A/A
P/RS
data transferred
(n Bytes + acknowledge)
A = acknowledge (SDA LOW)
A = not acknowledge (SDA HIGH)
S = START condition
P = STOP condition
RS = repeated START condition
002aaa932
Fig 11. Format of slave receiver mode
6.4.5.4
Slave transmitter mode
The first byte is received and handled as in the Slave Receiver mode. However, in this
mode, the direction bit will indicate that the transfer direction is reversed. Serial data is
transmitted via P1[7]/SDA while the serial clock is input through P1[6]/SCL. START and
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STOP conditions are recognized as the beginning and end of a serial transfer. In a given
application, the I2C-bus may operate as a master and as a slave. In the slave mode, the
I2C-bus hardware looks for its own slave address and the general call address. If one of
these addresses is detected, an interrupt is requested. When the microcontrollers wishes
to become the bus master, the hardware waits until the bus is free before the master
mode is entered so that a possible slave action is not interrupted. If bus arbitration is lost
in the master mode, the I2C-bus switches to the slave mode immediately and can detect
its own slave address in the same serial transfer.
S
slave address
R
A
logic 0 = write
logic 1 = read
from master to slave
from slave to master
DATA
A
DATA
A
P
data transferred
(n Bytes + acknowledge)
A = acknowledge (SDA LOW)
A = not acknowledge (SDA HIGH)
S = START condition
P = STOP condition
002aaa933
Fig 12. Format of slave transmitter mode
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8
I2ADR
ADDRESS REGISTER
P1[7]
COMPARATOR
INPUT
FILTER
P1[7]/SDA
SHIFT REGISTER
OUTPUT
STAGE
ACK
I2DAT
BIT COUNTER/
ARBITRATION
AND SYNC LOGIC
INPUT
FILTER
P1[6]/SCL
SERIAL CLOCK
GENERATOR
OUTPUT
STAGE
CCLK
TIMING
AND
CONTROL
LOGIC
interrupt
INTERNAL BUS
8
timer 1
overflow
P1[6]
I2CON
I2SCLH
I2SCLL
CONTROL REGISTERS AND
SCL DUTY CYCLE REGISTERS
8
status bus
I2STAT
STATUS
DECODER
STATUS REGISTER
8
002aab912
Fig 13. I2C-bus serial interface block diagram
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NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 22.
Master transmitter mode
Next action taken by I2C-bus
hardware
Status code
(S1STA)
Status of the
Application software response
I2C-bus hardware to/from S1DAT
to S1CON
STA
STO
SI
AA
08H
A START
condition has
been transmitted.
Load SLA+W
x
0
0
x
SLA+W will be transmitted;
ACK bit will be received.
10H
A repeat START
condition has
been transmitted.
Load SLA+W or
x
0
0
x
As above; SLA+W will be
transmitted; I2C-bus switches
to Master Receiver mode.
SLA+W has been
transmitted; ACK
has been
received.
Load data byte or
0
0
0
x
Data byte will be transmitted;
ACK bit will be received.
no S1DAT action
or
1
0
0
x
Repeated START will be
transmitted.
no S1DAT action
or
0
1
0
x
STOP condition will be
transmitted;
18H
Load SLA+R
STO flag will be reset.
20H
28H
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
SLA+W has been
transmitted;
NOT-ACK has
been received.
Data byte in
S1DAT has been
transmitted; ACK
has been
received.
no S1DAT action
1
1
0
x
STOP condition followed by a
START condition will be
transmitted; STO flag will be
reset.
Load data byte or
0
0
0
x
Data byte will be transmitted;
ACK bit will be received.
no S1DAT action
or
1
0
0
x
Repeated START will be
transmitted.
no S1DAT action
or
0
1
0
x
STOP condition will be
transmitted; STO flag will be
reset.
no S1DAT action
1
1
0
x
STOP condition followed by a
START condition will be
transmitted; STO flag will be
reset.
Load data byte or
0
0
0
x
Data byte will be transmitted;
no S1DAT action
or
1
0
0
x
Repeated START will be
transmitted.
no S1DAT action
or
0
1
0
x
STOP condition will be
transmitted; STO flag will be
reset.
no S1DAT action
1
1
0
x
STOP condition followed by a
START condition will be
transmitted; STO flag will be
reset.
ACK bit will be received.
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33 of 90
P89V660/662/664
NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 22.
Master transmitter mode …continued
Status code
(S1STA)
30H
Data byte in
S1DAT has been
transmitted, NOT
ACK has been
received.
38H
Table 23.
Next action taken by I2C-bus
hardware
Status of the
Application software response
I2C-bus hardware to/from S1DAT
to S1CON
Arbitration lost in
SLA+R/W or data
bytes.
Load data byte or
STA
STO
SI
AA
0
0
0
x
Data byte will be transmitted;
ACK bit will be received.
no S1DAT action
or
1
0
0
x
Repeated START will be
transmitted.
no S1DAT action
or
0
1
0
x
STOP condition will be
transmitted; STO flag will be
reset.
no S1DAT action
1
1
0
x
STOP condition followed by a
START condition will be
transmitted. STO flag will be
reset.
No S1DAT action
or
0
0
0
x
I2C-bus will be released; not
addressed slave will be
entered.
No S1DAT action
1
0
0
x
A START condition will be
transmitted when the bus
becomes free.
Master Receiver mode
Next action taken by I2C-bus
hardware
Status code
(S1STA)
Status of the
I2C-bus
hardware
Application software response
STA STO SI
STA
08H
A START
condition has
been transmitted.
Load SLA+R
x
0
0
x
10H
A repeat START
condition has
been transmitted.
Load SLA+R or
x
0
0
x
Arbitration lost in
NOT ACK bit.
no S1DAT action
or
0
0
0
x
I2C-bus will be released; it will enter
a slave mode.
no S1DAT action
1
0
0
x
A START condition will be
transmitted when the bus becomes
free.
SLA+R has been
transmitted; ACK
has been
received.
no S1DAT action
or
0
0
0
0
Data byte will be received; NOT ACK
bit will be returned.
no S1DAT action
or
0
0
0
1
Data byte will be received; ACK bit
will be returned.
SLA+R has been
transmitted; NOT
ACK has been
received.
No S1DAT action
or
1
0
0
x
Repeated START will be transmitted.
no S1DAT action
or
0
1
0
x
STOP condition will be transmitted;
STO flag will be reset.
no S1DAT action
or
1
1
0
x
STOP condition followed by a START
condition will be transmitted; STO
flag will be reset.
38H
40H
48H
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
to/from S1DAT
to S1CON
SLA+R will be transmitted; ACK bit
will be received.
As above
SLA+W will be transmitted; I2C-bus
will be switched to Master
Transmitter mode.
Load SLA+W
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34 of 90
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NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 23.
Master Receiver mode …continued
Status code
(S1STA)
50H
58H
Table 24.
Status of the
I2C-bus
hardware
Application software response
Data byte has
been received;
ACK has been
returned.
Data byte has
been received;
NOT ACK has
been returned.
to/from S1DAT
Next action taken by I2C-bus
hardware
to S1CON
STA STO SI
STA
Read data byte
0
0
0
0
Data byte will be received; NOT ACK
bit will be returned.
read data byte
0
0
0
1
Data byte will be received; ACK bit
will be returned.
Read data byte or 1
0
0
x
Repeated START will be transmitted.
read data byte or
0
1
0
x
STOP condition will be transmitted;
STO flag will be reset.
read data byte
1
1
0
x
STOP condition followed by a START
condition will be transmitted; STO
flag will be reset.
Slave Receiver mode
Next action taken by I2C-bus
hardware
Status code
(S1STA)
Status of the
I2C-bus
hardware
Application software response
to/from S1DAT
to S1CON
STA
STO SI
AA
60H
Own SLA+W has
been received;
ACK has been
received.
no S1DAT action
or
x
0
0
0
Data byte will be received and NOT
ACK will be returned.
no S1DAT action
x
0
0
1
Data byte will be received and ACK
will be returned.
Arbitration lost in No S1DAT action
SLA+R/Was
or
master; Own
no S1DAT action
SLA+W has been
received, ACK
returned.
x
0
0
0
Data byte will be received and NOT
ACK will be returned.
x
0
0
1
Data byte will be received and ACK
will be returned.
x
0
0
0
Data byte will be received and NOT
ACK will be returned.
x
0
0
1
Data byte will be received and ACK
will be returned.
x
0
0
0
Data byte will be received and NOT
ACK will be returned.
x
0
0
1
Data byte will be received and ACK
will be returned.
Previously
Read data byte or x
addressed with
own SLA address; read data byte
x
Data has been
received; ACK
has been
returned.
0
0
0
Data byte will be received and NOT
ACK will be returned.
0
0
1
Data byte will be received; ACK bit
will be returned.
68H
70H
78H
80H
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
General call
No S1DAT action
address(00H) has or
been received,
no S1DAT action
ACK has been
returned.
Arbitration lost in no S1DAT action
SLA+R/W as
or
master; General
no S1DAT action
call address has
been received,
ACK bit has been
returned.
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NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 24.
Slave Receiver mode …continued
Status code
(S1STA)
88H
Status of the
I2C-bus
hardware
Next action taken by I2C-bus
hardware
Application software response
to/from S1DAT
to S1CON
STA
STO SI
AA
Previously
Read data byte or 0
addressed with
own SLA address;
Data has been
read data byte
0
received; NOT
or
ACK has been
returned.
0
0
0
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; no recognition of own SLA or
general address.
0
0
1
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; Own SLA will be recognized;
general call address will be
recognized if S1ADR.0 = 1.
1
0
0
0
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; no recognition of own SLA or
General call address. A START
condition will be transmitted when
the bus becomes free.
1
0
0
1
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; Own slave address will be
recognized; General call address
will be recognized if S1ADR.0 = 1. A
START condition will be transmitted
when the bus becomes free.
Previously
Read data byte or x
addressed with
General call; Data read data byte
x
has been
received; ACK
has been
returned.
0
0
0
Data byte will be received and NOT
ACK will be returned.
0
0
1
Data byte will be received and ACK
will be returned.
0
0
0
0
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; no recognition of own SLA or
General call address.
0
0
0
1
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; Own slave address will be
recognized; General call address
will be recognized if S1ADR.0 = 1.
read data byte
1
0
0
0
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; no recognition of own SLA or
General call address. A START
condition will be transmitted when
the bus becomes free.
read data byte
1
0
0
1
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; Own slave address will be
recognized; General call address
will be recognized if S1ADR.0 = 1. A
START condition will be transmitted
when the bus becomes free.
read data byte
or
read data byte
90H
98H
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
Previously
Read data byte
addressed with
General call; Data
has been
read data byte
received; NOT
ACK has been
returned.
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NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 24.
Slave Receiver mode …continued
Status code
(S1STA)
A0H
Table 25.
Status of the
I2C-bus
hardware
Next action taken by I2C-bus
hardware
Application software response
to/from S1DAT
to S1CON
STA
STO SI
AA
A STOP condition No S1DAT action
or repeated
START condition
has been received no S1DAT action
while still
addressed as
SLA/REC or
SLA/TRX.
no S1DAT action
0
0
0
0
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; no recognition of own SLA or
General call address.
0
0
0
1
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; Own slave address will be
recognized; General call address
will be recognized if S1ADR.0 = 1.
1
0
0
0
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; no recognition of own SLA or
General call address. A START
condition will be transmitted when
the bus becomes free.
no S1DAT action
1
0
0
1
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; Own slave address will be
recognized; General call address
will be recognized if S1ADR.0 = 1. A
START condition will be transmitted
when the bus becomes free.
Slave transmitter mode
Status code
(S1STA)
Status of the
I2C-bus
hardware
Application software response
Next action taken by I2C-bus
to/from S1DAT
hardware
STA
STO SI
AA
A8H
Own SLA+R has
been received;
ACK has been
returned.
Load data byte or
x
0
0
0
Last data byte will be transmitted
and ACK bit will be received.
load data byte
x
0
0
1
Data byte will be transmitted; ACK
will be received.
Arbitration lost in
SLA+R/W as
master; Own
SLA+R has been
received, ACK
has been
returned.
Load data byte or
x
0
0
0
Last data byte will be transmitted
and ACK bit will be received.
load data byte
x
0
0
1
Data byte will be transmitted; ACK
bit will be received.
Data byte in
S1DAT has been
transmitted; ACK
has been
received.
Load data byte or
x
0
0
0
Last data byte will be transmitted
and ACK bit will be received
load data byte
x
0
0
1
Data byte will be transmitted; ACK
will be received.
B0H
B8H
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
to S1CON
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NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 25.
Slave transmitter mode …continued
Status code
(S1STA)
C0H
C8H
Status of the
I2C-bus
hardware
Application software response
Next action taken by I2C-bus
to/from S1DAT
hardware
Data byte in
S1DAT has been
transmitted; NOT
ACK has been
received.
Last data byte in
S1DAT has been
transmitted
(AA = 0); ACK
has been
received.
to S1CON
STA
STO SI
AA
No S1DAT action
or
0
0
0
0
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; no recognition of own SLA or
General call address.
no S1DAT action
or
0
0
0
1
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; Own slave address will be
recognized; General call address
will be recognized if S1ADR.0 = 1.
no S1DAT action
or
1
0
0
0
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; no recognition of own SLA or
General call address. A START
condition will be transmitted when
the bus becomes free.
no S1DAT action
1
0
0
1
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; Own slave address will be
recognized; General call address
will be recognized if S1ADR.0 = 1.
A START condition will be
transmitted when the bus becomes
free.
No S1DAT action
or
0
0
0
0
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; no recognition of own SLA or
General call address.
no S1DAT action
or
0
0
0
1
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; Own slave address will be
recognized; General call address
will be recognized if S1ADR.0 = 1.
no S1DAT action
or
1
0
0
0
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; no recognition of own SLA or
General call address. A START
condition will be transmitted when
the bus becomes free.
no S1DAT action
1
0
0
1
Switched to not addressed SLA
mode; Own slave address will be
recognized; General call address
will be recognized if S1ADR.0 = 1.
A START condition will be
transmitted when the bus becomes
free.
6.5 Timers/counters 0 and 1
The two 16-bit Timer/Counter registers: Timer 0 and Timer 1 can be configured to operate
either as timers or event counters (see Table 26 and Table 27).
In the ‘Timer’ function, the register is incremented every machine cycle. Thus, one can
think of it as counting machine cycles. Since a machine cycle consists of six oscillator
periods, the count rate is 1⁄6 of the oscillator frequency.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
In the ‘Counter’ function, the register is incremented in response to a 1-to-0 transition at its
corresponding external input pin, T0 or T1. In this function, the external input is sampled
once every machine cycle.
When the samples show a high in one cycle and a low in the next cycle, the count is
incremented. The new count value appears in the register in the machine cycle following
the one in which the transition was detected. Since it takes two machine cycles (12
oscillator periods) for 1-to-0 transition to be recognized, the maximum count rate is 1⁄12 of
the oscillator frequency. There are no restrictions on the duty cycle of the external input
signal, but to ensure that a given level is sampled at least once before it changes, it
should be held for at least one full machine cycle. In addition to the ‘Timer’ or ‘Counter’
selection, Timer 0 and Timer 1 have four operating modes from which to select.
The ‘Timer’ or ‘Counter’ function is selected by control bits C/T in the Special Function
Register TMOD. These two Timer/Counters have four operating modes, which are
selected by bit-pairs (M1, M0) in TMOD. Modes 0, 1, and 2 are the same for both
Timers/Counters. Mode 3 is different. The four operating modes are described in the
following text.
Table 26. TMOD - Timer/Counter mode control register (address 89H) bit allocation
Not bit addressable; Reset value: 0000 0000B; Reset source(s): any source
Bit
Symbol
Table 27.
Product data sheet
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
T1GATE
T1C/T
T1M1
T1M0
T0GATE
T0C/T
T0M1
T0M0
TMOD - Timer/Counter mode control register (address 89H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
T1GATE
Gating control for Timer 1. When set, Timer/Counter is enabled only
while the INT1 pin is high and the TR1 control pin is set. When
cleared, Timer 1 is enabled when the TR1 control bit is set.
6
T1C/T
Timer or Counter select for Timer 1. Cleared for Timer operation (input
from CCLK). Set for Counter operation (input from T1 input pin).
5
T1M1
Mode select for Timer 1.
4
T1M0
3
T0GATE
Gating control for Timer 0. When set, Timer/Counter is enabled only
while the INT0 pin is high and the TR0 control pin is set. When
cleared, Timer 0 is enabled when the TR0 control bit is set.
2
T0C/T
Timer or Counter select for Timer 0. Cleared for Timer operation (input
from CCLK). Set for Counter operation (input from T0 input pin).
1
T0M1
Mode Select for Timer 0.
0
T0M0
Table 28.
P89V660_662_664
7
TMOD - Timer/Counter mode control register (address 89H) M1/M0 operating
mode
M1
M0
Operating mode
0
0
0
8048 timer ‘TLx’ serves as 5-bit prescaler.
0
1
1
16-bit Timer/Counter ‘THx’ and ‘TLx' are cascaded;
there is no prescaler.
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39 of 90
P89V660/662/664
NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 28.
TMOD - Timer/Counter mode control register (address 89H) M1/M0 operating
mode …continued
M1
M0
Operating mode
1
0
2
8-bit auto-reload Timer/Counter ‘THx’ holds a value
which is to be reloaded into ‘TLx’ each time it
overflows.
1
1
3
(Timer 0) TL0 is an 8-bit Timer/Counter controlled
by the standard Timer 0 control bits. TH0 is an 8-bit
timer only controlled by Timer 1 control bits.
1
1
3
(Timer 1) Timer/Counter 1 stopped.
Table 29. TCON - Timer/Counter control register (address 88H) bit allocation
Bit addressable; Reset value: 0000 0000B; Reset source(s): any reset
Bit
Symbol
Table 30.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
TCON - Timer/Counter control register (address 88H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
TF1
Timer 1 overflow flag. Set by hardware on Timer/Counter overflow.
Cleared by hardware when the processor vectors to Timer 1 Interrupt
routine, or by software.
6
TR1
Timer 1 Run control bit. Set/cleared by software to turn Timer/Counter
1 on/off.
5
TF0
Timer 0 overflow flag. Set by hardware on Timer/Counter overflow.
Cleared by hardware when the processor vectors to Timer 0 Interrupt
routine, or by software.
4
TR0
Timer 0 Run control bit. Set/cleared by software to turn Timer/Counter
0 on/off.
3
IE1
Interrupt 1 Edge flag. Set by hardware when external interrupt 1
edge/LOW-state is detected. Cleared by hardware when the interrupt
is processed, or by software.
2
IT1
Interrupt 1 Type control bit. Set/cleared by software to specify falling
edge/LOW-state that triggers external interrupt 1.
1
IE0
Interrupt 0 Edge flag. Set by hardware when external interrupt 0
edge/LOW-state is detected. Cleared by hardware when the interrupt
is processed, or by software.
0
IT0
Interrupt 0 Type control bit. Set/cleared by software to specify falling
edge/LOW-state that triggers external interrupt 0.
6.5.1 Mode 0
Putting either Timer into Mode 0 makes it look like an 8048 Timer, which is an 8-bit
Counter with a fixed divide-by-32 prescaler. Figure 14 shows Mode 0 operation.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
overflow
osc/6
Tn pin
C/T = 0
C/T = 1
TLn
(5-bits)
control
THn
(8-bits)
TFn
interrupt
TRn
TnGate
INTn pin
002aaa519
Fig 14. Timer/Counter 0 or 1 in Mode 0 (13-bit counter)
In this mode, the Timer register is configured as a 13-bit register. As the count rolls over
from all 1s to all 0s, it sets the Timer interrupt flag TFn. The count input is enabled to the
Timer when TRn = 1 and either GATE = 0 or INTn = 1. (Setting GATE = 1 allows the Timer
to be controlled by external input INTn, to facilitate pulse width measurements). TRn is a
control bit in the Special Function Register TCON (Figure 5). The GATE bit is in the TMOD
register.
The 13-bit register consists of all 8 bits of THn and the lower 5 bits of TLn. The upper
3 bits of TLn are indeterminate and should be ignored. Setting the run flag (TRn) does not
clear the registers.
Mode 0 operation is the same for Timer 0 and Timer 1 (see Figure 14). There are two
different GATE bits, one for Timer 1 (TMOD.7) and one for Timer 0 (TMOD.3).
6.5.2 Mode 1
Mode 1 is the same as Mode 0, except that all 16 bits of the timer register (THn and TLn)
are used. See Figure 15.
overflow
C/T = 0
osc/6
Tn pin
C/T = 1
control
TLn
(8-bits)
THn
(8-bits)
TFn
interrupt
TRn
TnGate
INTn pin
002aaa520
Fig 15. Timer/Counter 0 or 1 in Mode 1 (16-bit counter)
6.5.3 Mode 2
Mode 2 configures the Timer register as an 8-bit Counter (TLn) with automatic reload, as
shown in Figure 16. Overflow from TLn not only sets TFn, but also reloads TLn with the
contents of THn, which must be preset by software. The reload leaves THn unchanged.
Mode 2 operation is the same for Timer 0 and Timer 1.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
C/T = 0
osc/6
Tn pin
C/T = 1
control
TLn
(8-bits)
overflow
TFn
interrupt
reload
TRn
TnGate
THn
(8-bits)
INTn pin
002aaa521
Fig 16. Timer/Counter 0 or 1 in Mode 2 (8-bit auto-reload)
6.5.4 Mode 3
When timer 1 is in Mode 3 it is stopped (holds its count). The effect is the same as setting
TR1 = 0.
Timer 0 in Mode 3 establishes TL0 and TH0 as two separate 8-bit counters. The logic for
Mode 3 and Timer 0 is shown in Figure 17. TL0 uses the Timer 0 control bits: T0C/T,
T0GATE, TR0, INT0, and TF0. TH0 is locked into a timer function (counting machine
cycles) and takes over the use of TR1 and TF1 from Timer 1. Thus, TH0 now controls the
‘Timer 1’ interrupt.
Mode 3 is provided for applications that require an extra 8-bit timer. With Timer 0 in
Mode 3, the P89V660/662/664 can look like it has an additional Timer.
Note: When Timer 0 is in Mode 3, Timer 1 can be turned on and off by switching it into
and out of its own Mode 3. It can still be used by the serial port as a baud rate generator,
or in any application not requiring an interrupt.
C/T = 0
osc/6
T0 pin
C/T = 1
control
TL0
(8-bits)
overflow
TH0
(8-bits)
overflow
TF0
interrupt
TF1
interrupt
TR0
TnGate
INT0 pin
osc/2
control
TR1
002aaa522
Fig 17. Timer/Counter 0 Mode 3 (two 8-bit counters)
6.6 Timer 2
Timer 2 is a 16-bit Timer/Counter which can operate as either an event timer or an event
counter, as selected by C/T2 in the special function register T2CON. Timer 2 has four
operating modes: Capture, Auto-reload (up or down counting), Clock-out, and Baud Rate
Generator which are selected according to Table 31 using T2CON (Table 32 and
Table 33) and T2MOD (Table 34 and Table 35).
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Table 31.
Timer 2 operating mode
RCLK+TCLK
CP/RL2
TR2
T2OE
Mode
0
0
1
0
16-bit auto reload
0
1
1
0
16-bit capture
0
0
1
1
Programmable Clock-Out
1
X
1
0
Baud rate generator
X
X
0
X
off
Table 32. T2CON - Timer/Counter 2 control register (address C8H) bit allocation
Bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
Symbol
Table 33.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TF2
EXF2
RCLK
TCLK
EXEN2
TR2
C/T2
CP/RL2
T2CON - Timer/Counter 2 control register (address C8H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
TF2
Timer 2 overflow flag set by a Timer 2 overflow and must be cleared by
software. TF2 will not be set when either RCLK or TCLK = 1 or when
Timer 2 is in Clock-out mode.
6
EXF2
Timer 2 external flag is set when Timer 2 is in capture, reload or baud
rate mode, EXEN2 = 1 and a negative transition on T2EX occurs. If
Timer 2 interrupt is enabled EXF2 = 1 causes the CPU to vector to the
Timer 2 interrupt routine. EXF2 must be cleared by software.
5
RCLK
Receive clock flag. When set, causes the UART to use Timer 2
overflow pulses for its receive clock in modes 1 and 3. RCLK = 0
causes Timer 1 overflow to be used for the receive clock.
4
TCLK
Transmit clock flag. When set, causes the UART to use Timer 2
overflow pulses for its transmit clock in modes 1 and 3. TCLK = 0
causes Timer 1 overflows to be used for the transmit clock.
3
EXEN2
Timer 2 external enable flag. When set, allows a capture or reload to
occur as a result of a negative transition on T2EX if Timer 2 is not
being used to clock the serial port. EXEN2 = 0 causes Timer 2 to
ignore events at T2EX.
2
TR2
Start/stop control for Timer 2. A logic ‘1’ enables the timer to run.
1
C/T2
Timer or counter select. (Timer 2)
0 = internal timer (fosc / 6)
1 = external event counter (falling edge triggered; external clock’s
maximum rate = fosc / 12.
0
CP/RL2
Capture/Reload flag. When set, captures will occur on negative
transitions at T2EX if EXEN2 = 1. When cleared, auto-reloads will
occur either with Timer 2 overflows or negative transitions at T2EX
when EXEN2 = 1. When either RCLK = 1 or TCLK = 1, this bit is
ignored and the timer is forced to auto-reload on Timer 2 overflow.
Table 34. T2MOD - Timer 2 mode control register (address C9H) bit allocation
Not bit addressable; Reset value: XX00 0000B
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol
-
-
-
-
-
-
T2OE
DCEN
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Table 35.
T2MOD - Timer 2 mode control register (address C9H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7 to 2
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
1
T2OE
Timer 2 Output Enable bit. Used in programmable clock-out mode
only.
0
DCEN
Down Count Enable bit. When set, this allows Timer 2 to be configured
as an up/down-counter.
6.6.1 Capture mode
In the Capture mode there are two options which are selected by bit EXEN2 in T2CON. If
EXEN2 = 0 Timer 2 is a 16-bit timer or counter (as selected by C/T2 in T2CON) which
upon overflowing sets bit TF2, the Timer 2 overflow bit.
The capture mode is illustrated in Figure 18.
OSC
÷6
C/T2 = 0
TL2
(8-bits)
TF2
control
C/T2 = 1
T2 pin
TH2
(8-bits)
TR2
capture
transition
detector
timer 2
interrupt
RCAP2L RCAP2H
T2EX pin
EXF2
control
EXEN2
002aaa523
Fig 18. Timer 2 in Capture mode
This bit can be used to generate an interrupt (by enabling the Timer 2 interrupt bit in the
IEN0 register). If EXEN2 = 1, Timer 2 operates as described above, but with the added
feature that a 1- to -0 transition at external input T2EX causes the current value in the
Timer 2 registers, TL2 and TH2, to be captured into registers RCAP2L and RCAP2H,
respectively.
In addition, the transition at T2EX causes bit EXF2 in T2CON to be set, and EXF2 like
TF2 can generate an interrupt (which vectors to the same location as Timer 2 overflow
interrupt). The Timer 2 interrupt service routine can interrogate TF2 and EXF2 to
determine which event caused the interrupt.
There is no reload value for TL2 and TH2 in this mode. Even when a capture event occurs
from T2EX, the counter keeps on counting T2 pin transitions or fosc / 6 pulses. Since once
loaded contents of RCAP2L and RCAP2H registers are not protected, once Timer2
interrupt is signalled it has to be serviced before new capture event on T2EX pin occurs.
Otherwise, the next falling edge on T2EX pin will initiate reload of the current value from
TL2 and TH2 to RCAP2L and RCAP2H and consequently corrupt their content related to
previously reported interrupt.
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6.6.2 Auto-reload mode (up or down-counter)
In the 16-bit auto-reload mode, Timer 2 can be configured as either a timer or counter (via
C/T2 in T2CON), then programmed to count up or down. The counting direction is
determined by bit DCEN (Down-counter Enable) which is located in the T2MOD register
(see Table 34 and Table 35). When reset is applied, DCEN = 0 and Timer 2 will default to
counting up. If the DCEN bit is set, Timer 2 can count up or down depending on the value
of the T2EX pin.
Figure 19 shows Timer 2 counting up automatically (DCEN = 0).
OSC
÷6
C/T2 = 0
TL2
(8-bits)
TF2
control
C/T2 = 1
T2 pin
TH2
(8-bits)
TR2
reload
transition
detector
timer 2
interrupt
RCAP2L RCAP2H
T2EX pin
EXF2
control
EXEN2
002aaa524
Fig 19. Timer 2 in Auto-reload mode (DCEN = 0)
In this mode, there are two options selected by bit EXEN2 in T2CON register. If
EXEN2 = 0, then Timer 2 counts up to 0FFFFH and sets the TF2 (Overflow Flag) bit upon
overflow. This causes the Timer 2 registers to be reloaded with the 16-bit value in
RCAP2L and RCAP2H. The values in RCAP2L and RCAP2H are preset by software
means.
Auto reload frequency when Timer 2 is counting up can be determined from this formula:
SupplyFrequency
---------------------------------------------------------------------------65536 – RCAP2H RCAP2L
(1)
Where SupplyFrequency is either fosc (C/T2 = 0) or frequency of signal on T2 pin
(C/T2 = 1).
If EXEN2 = 1, a 16-bit reload can be triggered either by an overflow or by a 1-to-0
transition at input T2EX. This transition also sets the EXF2 bit. The Timer 2 interrupt, if
enabled, can be generated when either TF2 or EXF2 is ‘1’.
Microcontroller’s hardware will need three consecutive machine cycles in order to
recognize falling edge on T2EX and set EXF2 = 1: in the first machine cycle pin T2EX has
to be sampled as ‘1’; in the second machine cycle it has to be sampled as ‘0’, and in the
third machine cycle EXF2 will be set to ‘1’.
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In Figure 20, DCEN = 1 and Timer 2 is enabled to count up or down. This mode allows pin
T2EX to control the direction of count. When a logic ‘1’ is applied at pin T2EX Timer 2 will
count up. Timer 2 will overflow at 0FFFFH and set the TF2 flag, which can then generate
an interrupt, if the interrupt is enabled. This timer overflow also causes the 16-bit value in
RCAP2L and RCAP2H to be reloaded into the timer registers TL2 and TH2.
toggle
(down-counting reload value)
÷6
OSC
T2 pin
FFH
FFH
TL2
(8-bits)
TH2
(8-bits)
EXF2
C/T2 = 0
control
C/T2 = 1
underflow
timer 2
interrupt
TF2
overflow
TR2
count direction
1 = up
0 = down
RCAP2L RCAP2H
(up-counting reload value)
T2EX pin
002aaa525
Fig 20. Timer 2 in Auto Reload mode (DCEN = 1)
When a logic 0 is applied at pin T2EX this causes Timer 2 to count down. The timer will
underflow when TL2 and TH2 become equal to the value stored in RCAP2L and
RCAP2H. Timer 2 underflow sets the TF2 flag and causes 0FFFFH to be reloaded into the
timer registers TL2 and TH2. The external flag EXF2 toggles when Timer 2 underflows or
overflows. This EXF2 bit can be used as a 17th bit of resolution if needed.
6.6.3 Programmable clock-out
A 50 % duty cycle clock can be programmed to come out on pin T2 (P1[0]). This pin,
besides being a regular I/O pin, has two additional functions. It can be programmed:
1. To input the external clock for Timer/Counter 2, or
2. To output a 50 % duty cycle clock ranging from 122 Hz to 8 MHz at a 16 MHz
operating frequency.
To configure the Timer/Counter 2 as a clock generator, bit C/T2 (in T2CON) must be
cleared and bit T20E in T2MOD must be set. Bit TR2 (T2CON.2) also must be set to start
the timer.
The Clock-Out frequency depends on the oscillator frequency and the reload value of
Timer 2 capture registers (RCAP2H, RCAP2L) as shown in Equation 2:
OscillatorFrequency
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------n 65536 – RCAP2H RCAP2L
(2)
Where n = 2 (6-clock mode) and n = 4 (12-clock mode);
Where (RCAP2H,RCAP2L) = the content of RCAP2H and RCAP2L taken as a 16-bit
unsigned integer.
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In the Clock-Out mode Timer 2 rollovers will not generate an interrupt. This is similar to
when it is used as a baud rate generator.
6.6.4 Baud rate generator mode
Bits TCLK and/or RCLK in T2CON allow the UART) transmit and receive baud rates to be
derived from either Timer 1 or Timer 2 (See Section 6.7 for details). When TCLK = 0,
Timer 1 is used as the UART transmit baud rate generator. When TCLK = 1, Timer 2 is
used as the UART transmit baud rate generator. RCLK has the same effect for the UART
receive baud rate. With these two bits, the serial port can have different receive and
transmit baud rates – Timer 1 or Timer 2.
Figure 21 shows Timer 2 in baud rate generator mode:
OSC
÷2
C/T2 = 0
TL2
(8-bits)
TX/RX baud rate
control
C/T2 = 1
T2 pin
TH2
(8-bits)
reload
TR2
transition
detector
RCAP2L RCAP2H
T2EX pin
EXF2
timer 2
interrupt
control
EXEN2
002aaa526
Fig 21. Timer 2 in Baud Rate Generator mode
The baud rate generation mode is like the auto-reload mode, when a rollover in TH2
causes the Timer 2 registers to be reloaded with the 16-bit value in registers RCAP2H and
RCAP2L, which are preset by software.
The baud rates in modes 1 and 3 are determined by Timer 2’s overflow rate given below:
Modes 1 and 3 Baud Rates = Timer 2 Overflow Rate / 16
The timer can be configured for either ‘timer’ or ‘counter’ operation. In many applications,
it is configured for ‘timer' operation (C/T2 = 0). Timer operation is different for Timer 2
when it is being used as a baud rate generator.
Usually, as a timer it would increment every machine cycle (i.e., 1⁄6 the oscillator
frequency). As a baud rate generator, it increments at the oscillator frequency. Thus the
baud rate formula is as follows:
Modes 1 and 3 Baud Rates =
OscillatorFrequency
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------k 65536 – RCAP2H RCAP2L
(3)
Where k = 16 (6-clock mode) and k = 32 (12-clock mode);
Where (RCAP2H,RCAP2L) = the content of RCAP2H and RCAP2L taken as a 16-bit
unsigned integer.
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The Timer 2 as a baud rate generator mode is valid only if RCLK and/or TCLK = 1 in
T2CON register. Note that a rollover in TH2 does not set TF2, and will not generate an
interrupt. Thus, the Timer 2 interrupt does not have to be disabled when Timer 2 is in the
baud rate generator mode. Also if the EXEN2 (T2 external enable flag) is set, a 1-to-0
transition in T2EX (Timer/counter 2 trigger input) will set EXF2 (T2 external flag) but will
not cause a reload from (RCAP2H, RCAP2L) to (TH2,TL2). Therefore when Timer 2 is in
use as a baud rate generator, T2EX can be used as an additional external interrupt, if
needed.
When Timer 2 is in the baud rate generator mode, one should not try to read or write TH2
and TL2. Under these conditions, a read or write of TH2 or TL2 may not be accurate. The
RCAP2 registers may be read, but should not be written to, because a write might overlap
a reload and cause write and/or reload errors. The timer should be turned off (clear TR2)
before accessing the Timer 2 or RCAP2 registers. Table 36 shows commonly used baud
rates and how they can be obtained from Timer 2.
6.6.5 Summary of baud rate equations
Timer 2 is in baud rate generating mode. If Timer 2 is being clocked through pin T2 (P1[0])
the baud rate is:
Baud rate = Timer 2 overflow rate / 16
If Timer 2 is being clocked internally, the baud rate is:
Baud rate = fosc / (16 (65536 (RCAP2H, RCAP2L)))
Where fosc = oscillator frequency
To obtain the reload value for RCAP2H and RCAP2L, the above equation can be rewritten
as:
RCAP2H, RCAP2L = 65536 fosc / (16 baud rate)
Table 36.
Timer 2 generated commonly used baud rates
Rate
Oscillator frequency
Timer 2
RCAP2H
RCAP2L
750 kBd
12 MHz
FF
FF
19.2 kBd
12 MHz
FF
D9
9.6 kBd
12 MHz
FF
B2
4.8 kBd
12 MHz
FF
64
2.4 kBd
12 MHz
FE
C8
600 Bd
12 MHz
FB
1E
220 Bd
12 MHz
F2
AF
600 Bd
6 MHz
FD
8F
220 Bd
6 MHz
F9
57
6.7 UARTs
The UART operates in all standard modes. Enhancements over the standard 80C51
UART include Framing Error detection, and automatic address recognition.
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6.7.1 Mode 0
Serial data enters and exits through RXD and TXD outputs the shift clock. Only 8 bits are
transmitted or received, LSB first. The baud rate is fixed at 1⁄6 of the CPU clock frequency.
UART configured to operate in this mode outputs serial clock on TXD line no matter
whether it sends or receives data on RXD line.
6.7.2 Mode 1
10 bits are transmitted (through TXD) or received (through RXD): a start bit (logical 0), 8
data bits (LSB first), and a stop bit (logical 1). When data is received, the stop bit is stored
in RB8 in Special Function Register SCON. The baud rate is variable and is determined
by the Timer 1⁄2 overflow rate.
6.7.3 Mode 2
11 bits are transmitted (through TXD) or received (through RXD): start bit (logical 0), 8
data bits (LSB first), a programmable 9th data bit, and a stop bit (logical 1). When data is
transmitted, the 9th data bit (TB8 in SCON) can be assigned the value of 0 or (e.g. the
parity bit (P, in the PSW) could be moved into TB8). When data is received, the 9th data
bit goes into RB8 in Special Function Register SCON, while the stop bit is ignored. The
baud rate is programmable to either 1⁄16 or 1⁄32 of the CPU clock frequency, as determined
by the SMOD1 bit in PCON.
6.7.4 Mode 3
11 bits are transmitted (through TXD) or received (through RXD): a start bit (logical 0), 8
data bits (LSB first), a programmable 9th data bit, and a stop bit (logical 1). In fact, Mode 3
is the same as Mode 2 in all respects except baud rate. The baud rate in Mode 3 is
variable and is determined by the Timer 1⁄2 overflow rate.
Table 37. SCON - Serial port control register (address 98H) bit allocation
Bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
Symbol
Table 38.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
7
SM0/FE
6
5
4
SM1
SM2
REN
3
TB8
2
RB8
1
TI
0
RI
SCON - Serial port control register (address 98H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
SM0/FE
The usage of this bit is determined by SMOD0 in the PCON register. If
SMOD0 = 0, this bit is SM0, which with SM1, defines the serial port
mode. If SMOD0 = 1, this bit is FE (Framing Error). FE is set by the
receiver when an invalid stop bit is detected. Once set, this bit cannot
be cleared by valid frames but can only be cleared by software. (Note:
It is recommended to set up UART mode bits SM0 and SM1 before
setting SMOD0 to ‘1’.)
6
SM1
With SM0, defines the serial port mode (see Table 39 below).
5
SM2
Enables the multiprocessor communication feature in Modes 2 and 3.
In Mode 2 or 3, if SM2 is set to ‘1’, then Rl will not be activated if the
received 9th data bit (RB8) is ‘0’. In Mode 1, if SM2 = 1 then RI will not
be activated if a valid stop bit was not received. In Mode 0, SM2
should be ‘0’.
4
REN
Enables serial reception. Set by software to enable reception. Clear by
software to disable reception.
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Table 38.
SCON - Serial port control register (address 98H) bit description …continued
Bit
Symbol
Description
3
TB8
The 9th data bit that will be transmitted in Modes 2 and 3. Set or clear
by software as desired.
2
RB8
In Modes 2 and 3, is the 9th data bit that was received. In Mode 1, it
SM2 = 0, RB8 is the stop bit that was received. In Mode 0, RB8 is
undefined.
1
TI
Transmit interrupt flag. Set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in
Mode 0, or at the stop bit in the other modes, in any serial
transmission. Must be cleared by software.
0
RI
Receive interrupt flag. Set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in
Mode 0, or approximately halfway through the stop bit time in all other
modes. (See SM2 for exceptions). Must be cleared by software.
Table 39.
SCON - Serial port control register (address 98H) SM0/SM1 mode definition
SM0, SM1
UART mode
Baud rate
00
0: shift register
CPU clock / 6
01
1: 8-bit UART
variable
10
2: 9-bit UART
CPU clock / 32 or CPU clock / 16
11
3: 9-bit UART
variable
6.7.5 Framing error
Framing error (FE) is reported in the SCON.7 bit if SMOD0 (PCON.6) = 1. If SMOD0 = 0,
SCON.7 is the SM0 bit for the UART, it is recommended that SM0 is set up before
SMOD0 is set to ‘1’.
6.7.6 More about UART mode 1
Reception is initiated by a detected 1-to-0 transition at RXD. For this purpose RXD is
sampled at a rate of 16 times whatever baud rate has been established. When a transition
is detected, the divide-by-16 counter is immediately reset to align its rollovers with the
boundaries of the incoming bit times.
The 16 states of the counter divide each bit time into 16ths. At the 7th, 8th, and 9th
counter states of each bit time, the bit detector samples the value of RXD. The value
accepted is the value that was seen in at least 2 of the 3 samples. This is done for noise
rejection. If the value accepted during the first bit time is not 0, the receive circuits are
reset and the unit goes back to looking for another 1-to-0 transition. This is to provide
rejection of false start bits. If the start bit proves valid, it is shifted into the input shift
register, and reception of the rest of the frame will proceed.
The signal to load SBUF and RB8, and to set RI, will be generated if, and only if, the
following conditions are met at the time the final shift pulse is generated: (a) RI = 0, and
(b) Either SM2 = 0, or the received stop bit = 1.
If either of these two conditions is not met, the received frame is irretrievably lost. If both
conditions are met, the stop bit goes into RB8, the 8 data bits go into SBUF, and RI is
activated.
6.7.7 More about UART modes 2 and 3
Reception is performed in the same manner as in mode 1.
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The signal to load SBUF and RB8, and to set RI, will be generated if, and only if, the
following conditions are met at the time the final shift pulse is generated: (a) RI = 0, and
(b) Either SM2 = 0, or the received 9th data bit = 1.
If either of these conditions is not met, the received frame is irretrievably lost, and RI is not
set. If both conditions are met, the received 9th data bit goes into RB8, and the first 8 data
bits go into SBUF.
6.7.8 Multiprocessor communications
UART modes 2 and 3 have a special provision for multiprocessor communications. In
these modes, 9 data bits are received or transmitted. When data is received, the 9th bit is
stored in RB8. The UART can be programmed so that when the stop bit is received, the
serial port interrupt will be activated only if RB8 = 1. This feature is enabled by setting bit
SM2 in SCON. One way to use this feature in multiprocessor systems is as follows:
When the master processor wants to transmit a block of data to one of several slaves, it
first sends out an address byte which identifies the target slave. An address byte differs
from a data byte in a way that the 9th bit is ‘1’ in an address byte and ‘0’ in the data byte.
With SM2 = 1, no slave will be interrupted by a data byte, i.e. the received 9th bit is ‘0’.
However, an address byte having the 9th bit set to ‘1’ will interrupt all slaves, so that each
slave can examine the received byte and see if it is being addressed or not. The
addressed slave will clear its SM2 bit and prepare to receive the data (still 9 bits long) that
follow. The slaves that weren’t being addressed leave their SM2 bits set and go on about
their business, ignoring the subsequent data bytes.
SM2 has no effect in Mode 0, and in Mode 1 can be used to check the validity of the stop
bit, although this is better done with the Framing Error flag. When UART receives data in
mode 1 and SM2 = 1, the receive interrupt will not be activated unless a valid stop bit is
received.
6.7.9 Automatic address recognition
Automatic address recognition is a feature which allows the UART to recognize certain
addresses in the serial bit stream by using hardware to make the comparisons. This
feature saves a great deal of software overhead by eliminating the need for the software
to examine every serial address which passes by the serial port. This feature is enabled
for the UART by setting the SM2 bit in SCON. In the 9 bit UART modes, mode 2 and mode
3, the Receive Interrupt flag (RI) will be automatically set when the received byte contains
either the ‘Given’ address or the ‘Broadcast' address. The 9 bit mode requires that the 9th
information bit is a ‘1’ to indicate that the received information is an address and not data.
Using the automatic address recognition feature allows a master to selectively
communicate with one or more slaves by invoking the Given slave address or addresses.
All of the slaves may be contacted by using the Broadcast address. Two special function
registers are used to define the slave’s address, SADDR, and the address mask, SADEN.
SADEN is used to define which bits in the SADDR are to be used and which bits are ‘don’t
care’. The SADEN mask can be logically ANDed with the SADDR to create the Given
address which the master will use for addressing each of the slaves. Use of the Given
address allows multiple slaves to be recognized while excluding others.
This device uses the methods presented in Figure 22 to determine if a Given or Broadcast
address has been received or not.
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
rx_byte(7)
saddr(7)
saden(7)
.
.
.
rx_byte(0)
saddr(0)
given_address_match
saden(0)
logic used by UART to detect 'given address' in received data
saddr(7)
saden(7)
rx_byte(7)
.
.
.
saddr(0)
saden(0)
broadcast_address_match
rx_byte(0)
logic used by UART to detect 'given address' in received data
002aaa527
Fig 22. Schemes used by the UART to detect ‘given’ and ‘broadcast’ addresses when
multiprocessor communications is enabled
The following examples will help to show the versatility of this scheme.
Example 1, slave 0:
SADDR = 1100 0000
SADEN = 1111 1101
---------------------------------------------------Given = 1100 00X0
(4)
Example 2, slave 1:
SADDR = 1100 0000
SADEN = 1111 1110
---------------------------------------------------Given = 1100 000X
(5)
In the above example SADDR is the same and the SADEN data is used to differentiate
between the two slaves. Slave 0 requires a ‘0’ in bit 0 and it ignores bit 1. Slave 1 requires
a ‘0’ in bit 1 and bit 0 is ignored. A unique address for Slave 0 would be 1100 0010 since
slave 1 requires a ‘0’ in bit 1. A unique address for slave 1 would be 1100 0001 since a ‘1’
in bit 0 will exclude slave 0. Both slaves can be selected at the same time by an address
which has bit 0 = 0 (for slave 0) and bit 1 = 0 (for slave 1). Thus, both could be addressed
with 1100 0000.
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In a more complex system the following could be used to select slaves 1 and 2 while
excluding slave 0:
Example 1, slave 0:
SADDR = 1100 0000
SADEN = 1111 1001
---------------------------------------------------Given = 1100 0XX0
(6)
Example 2, slave 1:
SADDR = 1110 0000
SADEN = 1111 1010
---------------------------------------------------Given = 1110 0X0X
(7)
Example 2, slave 2:
SADDR = 1100 0000
SADEN = 1111 1100
---------------------------------------------------Given = 1100 00XX
(8)
In the above example the differentiation among the 3 slaves is in the lower 3 address bits.
Slave 0 requires that bit 0 = 0 and it can be uniquely addressed by 1110 0110. Slave 1
requires that bit 1 = 0 and it can be uniquely addressed by 1110 0101. Slave 2 requires
that bit 2 = 0 and its unique address is 1110 0011. To select Slaves 0 and 1 and exclude
Slave 2 use address 1110 0100, since it is necessary to make bit 2 = 1 to exclude slave 2.
The Broadcast Address for each slave is created by taking the logical OR of SADDR and
SADEN. Zeros in this result are treated as don’t-cares. In most cases, interpreting the
don’t-cares as ones, the broadcast address will be FF hexadecimal. Upon reset SADDR
and SADEN are loaded with 0s. This produces a given address of all ‘don’t cares’ as well
as a Broadcast address of all ‘don’t cares'. This effectively disables the Automatic
Addressing mode and allows the microcontroller to use standard UART drivers which do
not make use of this feature.
6.8 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
6.8.1 SPI features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Master or slave operation
10 MHz bit frequency (max)
LSB first or MSB first data transfer
Four programmable bit rates
End of transmission (SPIF)
Write collision flag protection (WCOL)
Wake-up from Idle mode (slave mode only)
6.8.2 SPI description
The serial peripheral interface allows high-speed synchronous data transfer between the
P89V660/662/664 and peripheral devices or between several P89V660/662/664 devices.
Figure 23 shows the correspondence between master and slave SPI devices. The
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
SPICLK pin is the clock output and input for the master and slave modes, respectively.
The SPI clock generator will start following a write to the master devices SPI data register.
The written data is then shifted out of the MOSI pin on the master device into the MOSI
pin of the slave device. Following a complete transmission of one byte of data, the SPI
clock generator is stopped and the SPIF flag is set. An SPI interrupt request will be
generated if the SPI Interrupt Enable bit (SPIE) and the SPI interrupt enable bit, ES3, are
both set.
An external master drives the Slave Select input pin, SS LOW to select the SPI module as
a slave. If SS has not been driven LOW, then the slave SPI unit is not active and the MOSI
pin can also be used as an input port pin.
CPHA and CPOL control the phase and polarity of the SPI clock. Figure 24 and Figure 25
show the four possible combinations of these two bits.
MSB master LSB
MISO
MSB slave LSB
MISO
8-BIT SHIFT REGISTER
8-BIT SHIFT REGISTER
MOSI
MOSI
SPICLK
SPI
CLOCK GENERATOR
SS
SPICLK
SS
VDD
VSS
002aaa528
Fig 23. SPI master-slave interconnection
Table 40. SPCR - SPI control register (address D5H) bit allocation
Bit addressable; Reset source(s): any reset; Reset value: 0000 0000B
Bit
Symbol
Table 41.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SPIE
SPEN
DORD
MSTR
CPOL
CPHA
SPR1
SPR0
SPCR - SPI control register (address D5H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
SPIE
If both SPIE and ES3 are set to one, SPI interrupts are enabled.
6
SPEN
SPI enable bit. When set enables SPI.
5
DORD
Data transmission order. 0 = MSB first; 1 = LSB first in data
transmission.
4
MSTR
Master/slave select. 1 = master mode, 0 = slave mode.
3
CPOL
Clock polarity. 1 = SPICLK is high when idle (active LOW),
0 = SPICLK is low when idle (active HIGH).
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Table 41.
SPCR - SPI control register (address D5H) bit description …continued
Bit
Symbol
Description
2
CPHA
Clock Phase control bit. 1 = shift triggered on the trailing edge of the
clock; 0 = shift triggered on the leading edge of the clock.
1
SPR1
SPI Clock Rate Select bit 1. Along with SPR0 controls the SPICLK
rate of the device when a master. SPR1 and SPR0 have no effect on
the slave. See Table 42.
0
SPR0
SPI Clock Rate Select bit 0. Along with SPR1 controls the SPICLK
rate of the device when a master. SPR1 and SPR0 have no effect on
the slave. See Table 42.
Table 42.
SPCR - SPI control register (address D5H) clock rate selection
SPR1
SPR0
SPICLK = fosc divided by
6-clock mode
12-clock mode
0
0
2
4
0
1
8
16
1
0
32
64
1
1
64
128
Table 43. SPSR - SPI status register (address AAH) bit allocation
Bit addressable; Reset source(s): any reset; Reset value: 0000 0000B
Bit
Symbol
Table 44.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SPIF
WCOL
-
-
-
-
-
-
SPSR - SPI status register (address AAH) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
SPIF
SPI interrupt flag. Upon completion of data transfer, this bit is set to ‘1’.
If SPIE = 1 and ES3 = 1, an interrupt is then generated. This bit is
cleared by software.
6
WCOL
Write Collision Flag. Set if the SPI data register is written to during
data transfer. This bit is cleared by software.
5 to 0
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
SPICLK cycle #
(for reference)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
SPICLK (CPOL = 0)
SPICLK (CPOL = 1)
MOSI
(from master)
MISO
(from slave)
MSB
MSB
6
5
4
3
2
1
LSB
6
5
4
3
2
1
LSB
SS (to slave)
002aaa529
Fig 24. SPI transfer format with CPHA = 0
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SPICLK cycle #
(for reference)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
SPICLK (CPOL = 0)
SPICLK (CPOL = 1)
MOSI
(from master)
MISO
(from slave)
MSB
6
5
4
3
2
1
MSB
6
5
4
3
2
1
LSB
LSB
SS (to slave)
002aaa530
Fig 25. SPI transfer format with CPHA = 1
6.9 Watchdog timer
The WDT is intended as a recovery method in situations where the CPU may be
subjected to software upset. The WDT consists of a 14-bit counter and the WatchDog
Timer Reset (WDTRST) SFR. The WDT is disabled at reset. To enable the WDT, the user
must write 01EH and 0E1H, in sequence, to the WDTRST SFR. When the WDT is
enabled, it will increment every machine cycle while the oscillator is running and there is
no way to disable the WDT, except through a reset (either hardware reset or a WDT
overflow reset). When the WDT overflows, it will drive an output reset HIGH pulse at the
RST pin.
When the WDT is enabled (and thus running) the user needs to reset it by writing 01EH
and 0E1H, in sequence, to the WDTRST SFR to avoid WDT overflow. The 14-bit counter
reaches overflow when it reaches 16383 (3FFFH) and this will reset the device.
The WDT’s counter cannot be read or written. When the WDT overflows it will generate a
output pulse at the reset pin with a duration of 98 oscillator periods in 6 clock mode or 196
oscillator periods in 12 clock mode.
6.10 PCA
The PCA includes a special 16-bit Timer that has five 16-bit capture/compare modules
associated with it. Each of the modules can be programmed to operate in one of four
modes: rising and/or falling edge capture, software timer, high-speed output, or pulse
width modulator. Each module has a pin associated with it. Module 0 is connected to
CEX0, module 1 to CEX1, etc. Registers CH and CL contain current value of the free
running up counting 16-bit PCA timer. The PCA timer is a common time base for all five
modules and can be programmed to run at: 1⁄6 the oscillator frequency, 1⁄2 the oscillator
frequency, the Timer 0 overflow, or the input on the ECI pin (P1[2]). The timer count
source is determined from the CPS1 and CPS0 bits in the CMOD SFR (see Table 45 and
Table 46).
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
16 bits
MODULE0
P1[3]/CEX0
MODULE1
P1[4]/CEX1
MODULE2
P1[5]/CEX2
MODULE3
P1[6]/CEX3
MODULE4
P1[7]/CEX4
16 bits
PCA TIMER/COUNTER
time base for PCA modules
Module functions:
- 16-bit capture
- 16-bit timer
- 16-bit high speed output
- 8-bit PWM
- watchdog timer (module 4 only)
002aab913
Fig 26. PCA
In the CMOD SFR there are three additional bits associated with the PCA. They are CIDL
which allows the PCA to stop during Idle mode, WDTE which enables or disables the
Watchdog function on module 4, and ECF which when set causes an interrupt and the
PCA overflow flag CF (in the CCON SFR) to be set when the PCA timer overflows.
The watchdog timer function is implemented in module 4 of PCA.
The CCON SFR contains the run control bit for the PCA (CR) and the flags for the PCA
timer (CF) and each module (CCF4:0). To run the PCA the CR bit (CCON.6) must be set
by software. The PCA is shut off by clearing this bit. The CF bit (CCON.7) is set when the
PCA counter overflows and an interrupt will be generated if the ECF bit in the CMOD
register is set. The CF bit can only be cleared by software. Bits 0 through 4 of the CCON
register are the flags for the modules (bit 0 for module 0, bit 1 for module 1, etc.) and are
set by hardware when either a match or a capture occurs. These flags can only be cleared
by software. All the modules share one interrupt vector. The PCA interrupt system is
shown in Figure 27.
Each module in the PCA has a special function register associated with it. These registers
are: CCAPM0 for module 0, CCAPM1 for module 1, etc. The registers contain the bits that
control the mode that each module will operate in.
The ECCF bit (from CCAPMn.0 where n = 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the module)
enables the CCFn flag in the CCON SFR to generate an interrupt when a match or
compare occurs in the associated module (see Figure 27).
PWM (CCAPMn.1) enables the pulse width modulation mode.
The TOG bit (CCAPMn.2) when set causes the CEX output associated with the module to
toggle when there is a match between the PCA counter and the module’s
capture/compare register.
The match bit MAT (CCAPMn.3) when set will cause the CCFn bit in the CCON register to
be set when there is a match between the PCA counter and the module’s
capture/compare register.
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The next two bits CAPN (CCAPMn.4) and CAPP (CCAPMn.5) determine the edge that a
capture input will be active on. The CAPN bit enables the negative edge, and the CAPP
bit enables the positive edge. If both bits are set both edges will be enabled and a capture
will occur for either transition.
The last bit in the register ECOM (CCAPMn.6) when set enables the comparator function.
There are two additional registers associated with each of the PCA modules. They are
CCAPnH and CCAPnL and these are the registers that store the 16-bit count when a
capture occurs or a compare should occur. When a module is used in the PWM mode
these registers are used to control the duty cycle of the output.
CF
CR
-
CCF4
CCF3
CCF2
CCF1
CCON
(C0h)
CCF0
PCA TIMER/COUNTER
MODULE0
IEN0.6
EC
MODULE1
IEN0.7
EA
to
interrupt
priority
decoder
MODULE2
MODULE3
MODULE4
CMOD.0
CCAPMn.0
ECF
ECCFn
002aab914
Fig 27. PCA interrupt system
Table 45. CMOD - PCA counter mode register (address C1H) bit allocation
Not bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
Symbol
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CIDL
WDTE
-
-
-
CPS1
CPS0
ECF
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Table 46.
CMOD - PCA counter mode register (address C1H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
CIDL
Counter Idle Control: CIDL = 0 programs the PCA Counter to continue
functioning during Idle mode. CIDL = 1 programs it to be gated off
during idle.
6
WDTE
WatchDog Timer Enable: WDTE = 0 disables watchdog timer function
on module 4. WDTE = 1 enables it.
5 to 3
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
2 to 1
CPS1,
CPS0
PCA Count Pulse Select (see Table 47 below).
0
ECF
PCA Enable Counter Overflow Interrupt: ECF = 1 enables CF bit in
CCON to generate an interrupt. ECF = 0 disables that function.
Table 47.
CMOD - PCA counter mode register (address C1H) count pulse select
CPS1
CPS0
Select PCA input
0
0
0 Internal clock, fosc / 6
0
1
1 Internal clock, fosc / 6
1
0
2 Timer 0 overflow
1
1
3 External clock at ECI/P1[2] pin (max rate = fosc / 4)
Table 48. CCON - PCA counter control register (address 0C0H) bit allocation
Bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
Symbol
Table 49.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CF
CR
-
CCF4
CCF3
CCF2
CCF1
CCF0
CCON - PCA counter control register (address 0C0H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
CF
PCA Counter Overflow Flag. Set by hardware when the counter rolls
over. CF flags an interrupt if bit ECF in CMOD is set. CF may be set by
either hardware or software but can only be cleared by software.
6
CR
PCA Counter Run Control Bit. Set by software to turn the PCA counter
on. Must be cleared by software to turn the PCA counter off.
5
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
4
CCF4
PCA Module 4 Interrupt Flag. Set by hardware when a match or
capture occurs. Must be cleared by software.
3
CCF3
PCA Module 3 Interrupt Flag. Set by hardware when a match or
capture occurs. Must be cleared by software.
2
CCF2
PCA Module 2 Interrupt Flag. Set by hardware when a match or
capture occurs. Must be cleared by software.
1
CCF1
PCA Module 1 Interrupt Flag. Set by hardware when a match or
capture occurs. Must be cleared by software.
0
CCF0
PCA Module 0 Interrupt Flag. Set by hardware when a match or
capture occurs. Must be cleared by software.
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 50.
CCAPMn - PCA modules compare/capture register (address CCAPM0 0C2H,
CCAPM1 0C3H, CCAPM2 0C4H, CCAPM3 0C5H, CCAPM4 0C6H) bit allocation
Not bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol
-
ECOMn
CAPPn
CAPNn
MATn
TOGn
PWMn
ECCFn
Table 51.
CCAPMn - PCA modules compare/capture register (address CCAPM0 0C2H,
CCAPM1 0C3H, CCAPM2 0C4H, CCAPM3 0C5H, CCAPM4 0C6H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
6
ECOMn
Enable Comparator. ECOMn = 1 enables the comparator function.
5
CAPPn
Capture Positive, CAPPn = 1 enables positive edge capture.
4
CAPNn
Capture Negative, CAPNn = 1 enables negative edge capture.
3
MATn
Match. When MATn = 1 a match of the PCA counter with this module’s
compare/capture register causes the CCFn bit in CCON to be set,
flagging an interrupt.
2
TOGn
Toggle. When TOGn = 1, a match of the PCA counter with this
module’s compare/capture register causes the CEXn pin to toggle.
1
PWMn
Pulse Width Modulation mode. PWMn = 1 enables the CEXn pin to be
used as a pulse width modulated output.
0
ECCFn
Enable CCF Interrupt. Enables compare/capture flag CCFn in the
CCON register to generate an interrupt.
Table 52.
PCA module modes (CCAPMn register)
ECOMn
CAPPn
CAPNn
MATn
TOGn
PWMn
ECCFn
Module function
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
no operation
x
1
0
0
0
0
x
16-bit capture by a positive-edge trigger on
CEXn
x
0
1
0
0
0
x
16-bit capture by a negative-edge trigger on
CEXn
x
1
1
0
0
0
x
16-bit capture by any transition on CEXn
1
0
0
1
0
0
x
16-bit software timer
1
0
0
1
1
0
x
16-bit high-speed output
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
8-bit PWM
1
0
0
1
x
0
x
watchdog timer
6.10.1 PCA capture mode
To use one of the PCA modules in the capture mode (Figure 28) either one or both of the
CCAPM bits CAPN and CAPP for that module must be set. The external CEX input for the
module (on port 1) is sampled for a transition. When a valid transition occurs the PCA
hardware loads the value of the PCA counter registers (CH and CL) into the module’s
capture registers (CCAPnL and CCAPnH).
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
CF
CR
-
CCF4
CCF3
CCF2
CCF1
CCF0
CCON
(C0h)
PCA
interrupt
(to CCFn)
PCA timer/counter
CH
CL
capture
CEXn
CCAPnH CCAPnL
-
ECOMn
0
CAPPn
CAPNn
MATn
TOGn
PWMn
0
0
0
ECCFn
CCAPMn, n = 0 to 4
(C2h to C6h)
002aab915
Fig 28. PCA capture mode
If the CCFn bit for the module in the CCON SFR and the ECCFn bit in the CCAPMn SFR
are set then an interrupt will be generated.
6.10.2 16-bit software timer mode
The PCA modules can be used as software timers (Figure 29) by setting both the ECOM
and MAT bits in the modules CCAPMn register. The PCA timer will be compared to the
module’s capture registers and when a match occurs an interrupt will occur if the CCFn
(CCON SFR) and the ECCFn (CCAPMn SFR) bits for the module are both set.
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
CF
write to
CCAPnH
CR
0
1
CCF4
reset
CCAPnH
write to
CCAPnL
-
CCF3
CCF2
CCF1
CCF0
(to CCFn)
CCAPnL
enable
CCON
(C0h)
PCA
interrupt
match
16-BIT COMPARATOR
CH
CL
PCA timer/counter
-
ECOMn
CAPPn
CAPNn
MATn
TOGn
PWMn
0
0
1
0
0
ECCFn
CCAPMn, n = 0 to 4
(C2h to C6h)
002aab916
Fig 29. PCA compare mode
6.10.3 High-speed output mode
In this mode (Figure 30) the CEX output (on port 1) associated with the PCA module will
toggle each time a match occurs between the PCA counter and the module’s capture
registers. To activate this mode the TOG, MAT, and ECOM bits in the module’s CCAPMn
SFR must be set.
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CF
write to
CCAPnH
CR
0
1
CCF4
reset
CCAPnH
write to
CCAPnL
-
CCF3
CCF2
CCF1
CCF0
CCON
(C0h)
(to CCFn)
CCAPnL
enable
PCA
interrupt
match
16-BIT COMPARATOR
CH
CL
PCA timer/counter
toggle
CEXn
-
ECOMn
CAPPn
CAPNn
MATn
TOGn
PWMn
0
0
1
0
0
ECCFn
CCAPMn, n = 0 to 4
(C2h to C6h)
002aab917
Fig 30. PCA high-speed output mode
6.10.4 Pulse width modulator mode
All of the PCA modules can be used as PWM outputs (Figure 31). Output frequency
depends on the source for the PCA timer.
CCAPnH
0
CCAPnL
CL < CCAPnL
enable
CEXn
8-BIT COMPARATOR
CL ≥ CCAPnL
1
CL
PCA timer/counter
-
ECOMn
CAPPn
CAPNn
MATn
TOGn
PWMn
ECCFn
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
CCAPMn, n = 0 to 4
(C2h to C6h)
002aab918
Fig 31. PCA PWM mode
All of the modules will have the same frequency of output because they all share one and
only PCA timer. The duty cycle of each module is independently variable using the
module’s capture register CCAPnL. When the value of the PCA CL SFR is less than the
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value in the module’s CCAPnL SFR the output will be low, when it is equal to or greater
than the output will be high. When CL overflows from FF to 00, CCAPnL is reloaded with
the value in CCAPnH. This allows updating the PWM without glitches. The PWM and
ECOM bits in the module’s CCAPMn register must be set to enable the PWM mode.
6.10.5 PCA watchdog timer
An on-board watchdog timer is available with the PCA to improve the reliability of the
system without increasing chip count. Watchdog timers are useful for systems that are
susceptible to noise, power glitches, or electrostatic discharge. Module 4 is the only PCA
module that can be programmed as a Watchdog. However, this module can still be used
for other modes if the Watchdog is not needed. Figure 31 shows a diagram of how the
Watchdog works. The user pre-loads a 16-bit value in the compare registers. Just like the
other compare modes, this 16-bit value is compared to the PCA timer value. If a match is
allowed to occur, an internal reset will be generated. This will not cause the RST pin to be
driven high.
user’s software then must periodically change (CCAP4H,CCAP4L) to keep a match from
occurring with the PCA timer (CH,CL). This code is given in the WATCHDOG routine
shown above.
In order to hold off the reset, the user has three options:
1. Periodically change the compare value so it will never match the PCA timer.
2. Periodically change the PCA timer value so it will never match the compare values.
3. Disable the Watchdog by clearing the WDTE bit before a match occurs and then
re-enable it.
The first two options are more reliable because the watchdog timer is never disabled as in
option #3. If the program counter ever goes astray, a match will eventually occur and
cause an internal reset. The second option is also not recommended if other PCA
modules are being used. Remember, the PCA timer is the time base for all modules;
changing the time base for other modules would not be a good idea. Thus, in most
applications the first solution is the best option.
;CALL the following WATCHDOG subroutine periodically.
CLR
EA
;Hold off interrupts
MOV
CCAP4L,#00 ;Next compare value is within 255 counts of
current PCA timer value
MOV
CCAP4H,CH
SETB EA
;Re-enable interrupts
RET
This routine should not be part of an interrupt service routine, because if the program
counter goes astray and gets stuck in an infinite loop, interrupts will still be serviced and
the Watchdog will keep getting reset. Thus, the purpose of the Watchdog would be
defeated. Instead, call this subroutine from the main program within 216 count of the PCA
timer.
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6.11 Security bits
The security bits protects against software piracy and prevents the contents of the flash
from being read by unauthorized parties in Parallel Programmer mode and ISP mode.
Since the end application might need to erase pages and read from the code memory, the
security bits have no effect in IAP mode. However, the security bits’ programmed/erased
state may be read using IAP function calls allowing the end user code to limit access, if
desired. The security bits and their effects are shown in Table 53.
Note: On this device MOVC instructions executed from external code memory are
disabled from fetching code bytes from internal code memory.
Table 53.
Security bit functions
Security bit
Description
1
Write protect. When programmed, prohibits further erasing or
programming, except to program other security bits or a chip erase.
2
Read protect. When programmed inhibits reading of user code memory.
3
External execution inhibit. When programmed prevents any execution of
instructions from external code memory.
6.12 Interrupt priority and polling sequence
The device supports eight interrupt sources under a four level priority scheme. Table 54
summarizes the polling sequence of the supported interrupts. Note that the SPI serial
interface and the UART share the same interrupt vector. (See Figure 32).
Table 54.
Interrupt polling sequence
Description
Interrupt flag
Vector address Interrupt
enable
Interrupt
priority
Service
priority
Wake-up
Power-down
External
Interrupt 0
IE0
0003H
EX0
PX0/H
1 (highest)
yes
T0
TF0
000BH
ET0
PT0/H
3
no
External
Interrupt 1
IE1
0013H
EX1
PX1/H
4
yes
T1
TF1
001BH
ET1
PT1/H
5
no
UART
TI/RI
0023H
ES0
PS0/H
6
no
I2C-bus
-
002BH
ES1
PS1/H
2
no
CF/CCFn
0033H
EC
PPCH
8
no
(primary)
PCA
T2
TF2, EXF2
003BH
ET2
PT2/H
7
no
I2C-bus
(secondary)
-
0043H
ES2
PS2/H
10
no
SPI
SPIF
004BH
ES3
PS3/H
9
no
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IP/IPH/IPA/IPAH
registers
IE and IEA
registers
highest
priority
interrupt
0
INT0
IT0
IE0
1
SPIF
interrupt
polling
sequence
SPIE
TF0
0
INT1
IT1
IE1
1
TF1
ECF
CF
CCFn
ECCFn
RI
TI
TF2
EXF2
I2C-bus (primary)
I2C-bus (secondary)
individual
enables
global
disable
lowest
priority
interrupt
002aab919
Fig 32. Interrupt structure
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Table 55. IEN0 - Interrupt enable register 0 (address A8H) bit allocation
Bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
Symbol
Table 56.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EA
EC
ES1
ES0
ET1
EX1
ET0
EX0
IEN0 - Interrupt enable register 0 (address A8H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
EA
Interrupt Enable Bit: EA = 1 interrupt(s) can be serviced, EA = 0
interrupt servicing disabled.
6
EC
PCA Interrupt Enable bit.
5
ES1
I2C-bus Interrupt Enable (primary).
4
ES0
Serial Port Interrupt Enable
3
ET1
Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt Enable.
2
EX1
External Interrupt 1 Enable.
1
ET0
Timer 0 Overflow Interrupt Enable.
0
EX0
External Interrupt 0 Enable.
Table 57. IEN1 - Interrupt enable register 1 (address E8H) bit allocation
Bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol
-
-
-
-
-
ES3
ES2
ET2
Table 58.
IEN1 - Interrupt enable register 1 (address E8H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7 to 3
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
2
ES3
SPI Interrupt Enable.
1
ES2
I2C-bus Interrupt Enable (secondary).
0
ET2
Timer 2 Interrupt Enable.
Table 59. IP0 - Interrupt priority 0 low register (address B8H) bit allocation
Bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
Symbol
Table 60.
Bit
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7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PT2
PPC
PS1
PS0
PT1
PX1
PT0
PX0
IP0 - Interrupt priority 0 low register (address B8H) bit description
Symbol
Description
7
PT2
Timer 2 Interrupt Priority Low Bit.
6
PPC
PCA Interrupt Priority Low Bit.
5
PS1
I2C-bus Interrupt Priority Low Bit.
4
PS0
Serial Port Interrupt Priority Low Bit.
3
PT1
Timer 1 Interrupt Priority Low Bit.
2
PX1
External Interrupt 1 Priority Low Bit.
1
PT0
Timer 0 Interrupt Priority Low Bit.
0
PX0
External Interrupt 0 Priority Low Bit.
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Table 61. IP0H - Interrupt priority 0 high register (address B7H) bit allocation
Not bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
Symbol
Table 62.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PT2H
PPCH
PS1H
PS0H
PT1H
PX1H
PT0H
PX0H
IP0H - Interrupt priority 0 high register (address B7H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7
PT2H
Timer 2 Interrupt Priority High Bit.
6
PPCH
PCA Interrupt Priority High Bit.
5
PS1H
I2C-bus Interrupt Priority High Bit (primary).
4
PS0H
Serial Port Interrupt Priority High Bit.
3
PT1H
Timer 1 Interrupt Priority High Bit.
2
PX1H
External Interrupt 1 Priority High Bit.
1
PT0H
Timer 0 Interrupt Priority High Bit.
0
PX0H
External Interrupt 0 Priority High Bit.
Table 63. IP1 - Interrupt priority 1 register (address 91H) bit allocation
Bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol
-
-
-
-
-
-
PS3
PS2
Table 64.
IP1 - Interrupt priority 1 register (address 91H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7 to 2
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
1
PS3
SPI Interrupt Priority Low Bit.
0
PS2
I2C-bus Interrupt Priority 1 Low Bit (secondary).
Table 65. IP1H - Interrupt priority 1 high register (address 92H) bit allocation
Not bit addressable; Reset value: 00H
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Symbol
-
-
-
-
-
-
PS3H
PS2H
Table 66.
IP1H - Interrupt priority 1 high register (address 92H) bit description
Bit
Symbol
Description
7 to 2
-
Reserved for future use. Should be set to ‘0’ by user programs.
1
PS3H
SPI Interrupt Priority High Bit.
0
PS2H
I2C-bus Interrupt Priority High Bit (secondary).
6.13 Power-saving modes
The device provides two power saving modes of operation for applications where power
consumption is critical. The two modes are idle and power-down, see Table 67.
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6.13.1 Idle mode
Idle mode is entered setting the IDL bit in the PCON register. In Idle mode, the program
counter is stopped. The system clock continues to run and all interrupts and peripherals
remain active. The on-chip RAM and the special function registers hold their data during
this mode.
The device exits Idle mode through either a system interrupt or a hardware reset. Exiting
Idle mode via system interrupt, the start of the interrupt clears the IDL bit and exits Idle
mode. After exit the Interrupt Service Routine, the interrupted program resumes execution
beginning at the instruction immediately following the instruction which invoked the Idle
mode. A hardware reset starts the device similar to a power-on reset.
6.13.2 Power-down mode
The Power-down mode is entered by setting the PD bit in the PCON register. In the
Power-down mode, the clock is stopped and external interrupts are active for level
sensitive interrupts only. SRAM contents are retained during Power-down, the minimum
VDD level is 2.0 V.
The device exits Power-down mode through either an enabled external level sensitive
interrupt or a hardware reset. The start of the interrupt clears the PD bit and exits
Power-down. Holding the external interrupt pin low restarts the oscillator, the signal must
hold low at least 1024 clock cycles before bringing back high to complete the exit. Upon
interrupt signal restored to logic VIH, the interrupt service routine program execution
resumes beginning at the instruction immediately following the instruction which invoked
Power-down mode. A hardware reset starts the device similar to power-on reset.
To exit properly out of Power-down, the reset or external interrupt should not be executed
before the VDD line is restored to its normal operating voltage. Be sure to hold VDD voltage
long enough at its normal operating level for the oscillator to restart and stabilize (normally
less than 10 ms).
Table 67.
Power-saving modes
Mode
Initiated by
Idle mode
Software (Set IDL bit in
CLK is running. Interrupts,
PCON) MOV PCON, #01H serial port and timers/counters
are active. Program Counter is
stopped. ALE and PSEN
signals at a HIGH-state during
Idle. All registers remain
unchanged.
Enabled interrupt or hardware reset. Start of
interrupt clears IDL bit and exits Idle mode,
after the ISR RETI instruction, program
resumes execution beginning at the
instruction following the one that invoked
Idle mode. A hardware reset restarts the
device similar to a power-on reset.
Power-down
mode
Software (Set PD bit in
CLK is stopped. On-chip SRAM
PCON) MOV PCON, #02H and SFR data is maintained.
ALE and PSEN signals at a
LOW-state during power-down.
External Interrupts are only
active for level sensitive
interrupts, if enabled.
Enabled external level sensitive interrupt or
hardware reset. Start of interrupt clears PD
bit and exits Power-down mode, after the
ISR RETI instruction program resumes
execution beginning at the instruction
following the one that invoked Power-down
mode. A hardware reset restarts the device
similar to a power-on reset.
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6.14 System clock and clock options
6.14.1 Clock input options and recommended capacitor values for the oscillator
Shown in Figure 33 and Figure 34 are the input and output of an internal inverting
amplifier (XTAL1, XTAL2), which can be configured for use as an on-chip oscillator.
When driving the device from an external clock source, XTAL2 should be left
disconnected and XTAL1 should be driven.
At start-up, the external oscillator may encounter a higher capacitive load at XTAL1 due to
interaction between the amplifier and its feedback capacitance. However, the capacitance
will not exceed 15 pF once the external signal meets the VIL and VIH specifications.
Resonator manufacturer, supply voltage, and other factors may cause circuit performance
to differ from one application to another. C1 and C2 should be adjusted appropriately for
each design. Table 68 shows the typical values for C1 and C2 vs. resonator type for
various frequencies
Table 68.
Recommended values for C1 and C2 by crystal type
Resonator
C1 = C2
Quartz
20 pF to 30 pF
Ceramic
40 pF to 50 pF
6.14.2 Clock doubling option
By default, the device runs at six clocks per machine cycle. The device may be run in 12
clocks per machine cycle mode by flash programming of the 6x/12x bit.
C2
XTAL2
XTAL1
C1
VSS
002aaa545
Fig 33. Oscillator characteristics (using the on-chip oscillator)
n.c.
XTAL2
external
oscillator
signal
XTAL1
VSS
002aaa546
Fig 34. Oscillator characteristics (external clock drive)
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7. Limiting values
Table 69. Limiting values
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).
Parameters are valid over operating temperature range unless otherwise specified. All voltages are with respect to VSS
unless otherwise noted.
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Tamb(bias)
bias ambient temperature
Conditions
55
+125
C
Tstg
storage temperature
65
+150
C
VI
input voltage
on EA pin to VSS
0.5
14
V
Vn
voltage on any other pin
except VSS, with respect to
VDD
0.5
VDD + 0.5
V
IOL(I/O)
LOW-level output current per
input/output pin
-
15
mA
Ptot(pack)
total power dissipation (per package)
-
1.5
W
based on package heat
transfer, not device power
consumption
8. Static characteristics
Table 70. Static characteristics
Tamb = 40 C to +85 C; VDD = 4.5 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ Max
Unit
nendu(fl)
endurance of flash memory
JEDEC Standard A117
[1]
10000
-
-
cycles
tret(fl)
flash memory retention time
JEDEC Standard A103
[1]
100
-
-
years
JEDEC Standard 78
[1]
100 + IDD
-
-
mA
0.5
-
0.2VDD 0.1 V
0.5
-
Ilatch
I/O latch-up current
Vth(HL)
HIGH-LOW threshold voltage except SCL, SDA
VIL
LOW-level input voltage
0.3VDD
V
Vth(LH)
LOW-HIGH threshold voltage except SCL, SDA, XTAL1,
RST
SCL, SDA
0.2VDD + 0.9 -
VDD + 0.5
V
VIH
HIGH-level input voltage
SCL, SDA
0.7VDD
-
VDD + 0.5
V
0.7VDD
-
6.0
V
VOL
LOW-level output voltage
VDD = 4.5 V, except, PSEN,
ALE, SCL, SDA
-
-
0.4
V
-
-
0.45
V
-
-
0.4
V
VDD 0.7
-
-
V
VDD 0.7
-
-
V
1
-
75
A
XTAL1, RST
[2][3][4]
IOL = 1.6 mA
VDD = 4.5 V, ALE, PSEN
IOL = 3.2 mA
VDD = 4.5 V, SCL, SDA
IOL = 3.0 mA
VOH
HIGH-level output voltage
VDD = 4.5 V, ports 1, 2, 3, 4
IOH = 30 A
[5]
VDD = 4.5 V, Port 0 in
External Bus mode, ALE,
PSEN
IOH = 3.2 mA
IIL
LOW-level input current
P89V660_662_664
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VI = 0.4 V, ports 1, 2, 3, 4
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Table 70. Static characteristics …continued
Tamb = 40 C to +85 C; VDD = 4.5 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
[6]
Min
Typ Max
Unit
-
-
650
A
ITHL
HIGH-LOW transition current
VI = 2 V, ports 1, 2, 3, 4
ILI
input leakage current
0.45 V < VI < VDD 0.3 V,
port 0
-
-
10
A
0 V < VI < 6 V,
0 V < VDD< 5.5 V, SCL, SDA
-
-
10
A
40
-
225
k
-
-
15
pF
pull-down resistance
on pin RST
Ciss
input capacitance
@ 1 MHz, Tamb = 25 C,
VI = 0 V
IDD(oper)
operating supply current
fosc = 12 MHz
-
-
11.5
mA
fosc = 40 MHz
-
-
50
mA
Programming and erase
mode
-
-
70
mA
fosc = 12 MHz
-
-
8.5
mA
fosc = 40 MHz
-
-
42
mA
minimum VDD = 2 V
-
-
90
A
Rpd
IDD(idle)
IDD(pd)
[1]
[2]
Idle mode supply current
Power-down mode supply
current
[7]
This parameter is measured only for initial qualification and after a design or process change that could affect this parameter.
Under steady state (non-transient) conditions, IOL must be externally limited as follows:
a) Maximum IOL per 8-bit port: 26 mA
b) Maximum IOL total for all outputs: 71 mA
c) If IOL exceeds the test condition, VOH may exceed the related specification. Pins are not guaranteed to sink current greater than the
listed test conditions.
[3]
Capacitive loading on Ports 0 and 2 may cause spurious noise to be superimposed on the VOL of ALE and Ports 1 and 3. The noise due
to external bus capacitance discharging into the Port 0 and 2 pins when the pins make 1-to-0 transitions during bus operations. In the
worst cases (capacitive loading > 100 pF), the noise pulse on the ALE pin may exceed 0.8 V. In such cases, it may be desirable to
qualify ALE with a Schmitt trigger, or use an address latch with a Schmitt trigger STROBE input.
[4]
Load capacitance for Port 0, ALE and PSEN = 100 pF, load capacitance for all other outputs = 80 pF.
[5]
Capacitive loading on Ports 0 and 2 may cause the VOH on ALE and PSEN to momentarily fall below the VDD 0.7 specification when
the address bits are stabilizing.
[6]
Pins of Ports 1, 2 and 3 source a transition current when they are being externally driven from 1 to 0. The transition current reaches its
maximum value when VI is approximately 2 V.
[7]
Pin capacitance is characterized but not tested. EA = 25 pF (max).
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002aaa813
50
(1)
IDD
(mA)
40
(2)
30
20
(3)
10
(4)
0
0
10
20
30
40
internal clock frequency (MHz)
(1) Maximum active IDD
(2) Maximum idle IDD
(3) Typical active IDD
(4) Typical idle IDD
Fig 35. IDD vs. frequency
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9. Dynamic characteristics
Table 71. Dynamic characteristics
Over operating conditions: load capacitance for Port 0, ALE, and PSEN = 100 pF; load capacitance for all other
outputs = 80 pF
Tamb = 40 C to +85 C; VDD = 4.5 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V[1][2]
Symbol Parameter
oscillator frequency
fosc
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
12-clock mode
0
-
40
MHz
6-clock mode
0
-
20
MHz
IAP
0.25
-
40
MHz
tLHLL
ALE pulse width
2Tcy(clk) 15
-
-
ns
tAVLL
address valid to ALE LOW time
Tcy(clk) 15
-
-
ns
tLLAX
address hold after ALE LOW time
Tcy(clk) 15
-
-
ns
tLLIV
ALE LOW to valid instruction in time
-
-
4Tcy(clk) 45
ns
tLLPL
ALE LOW to PSEN LOW time
Tcy(clk) 15
-
-
ns
tPLPH
PSEN pulse width
3Tcy(clk) 15
-
-
ns
tPLIV
PSEN LOW to valid instruction in
time
-
-
3Tcy(clk) 50
ns
tPXIX
input instruction hold after PSEN time
0
-
-
ns
tPXIZ
input instruction float after PSEN time
-
-
Tcy(clk) 15
ns
tPXAV
PSEN to address valid time
Tcy(clk) 8
-
-
ns
tAVIV
address to valid instruction in time
-
-
5Tcy(clk) 60
ns
tPLAZ
PSEN LOW to address float time
-
-
10
ns
tRLRH
RD LOW pulse width
6Tcy(clk) 30
-
-
ns
tWLWH
WR LOW pulse width
6Tcy(clk) 30
-
-
ns
tRLDV
RD LOW to valid data in time
-
-
5Tcy(clk) 50
ns
tRHDX
data hold after RD time
0
-
-
ns
tRHDZ
data float after RD time
-
-
2Tcy(clk) 12
ns
tLLDV
ALE LOW to valid data in time
-
-
8Tcy(clk) 50
ns
tAVDV
address to valid data in time
-
-
9Tcy(clk) 75
ns
tLLWL
ALE LOW to RD or WR LOW time
3Tcy(clk) 15
-
3Tcy(clk) + 15
ns
tAVWL
address to RD or WR LOW time
4Tcy(clk) 30
-
-
ns
tWHQX
data hold after WR time
Tcy(clk) 20
-
-
ns
tQVWH
data output valid to WR HIGH time
7Tcy(clk) 50
-
-
ns
tRLAZ
RD LOW to address float time
-
-
0
ns
tWHLH
RD or WR HIGH to ALE HIGH time
Tcy(clk) 15
-
Tcy(clk) + 15
ns
[1]
Tcy(clk) = 1 / fosc.
[2]
Calculated values are for 6-clock mode only.
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
9.1 Explanation of symbols
Each timing symbol has 5 characters. The first character is always a ‘T’ (stands for time).
The other characters, depending on their positions, stand for the name of a signal or the
logical status of that signal. The following is a list of all the characters and what they stand
for.
A — Address
C — Clock
D — Input data
H — Logic level HIGH
I — Instruction (program memory contents)
L — Logic level LOW or ALE
P — PSEN
Q — Output data
R — RD signal
T — Time
V — Valid
W — WR signal
X — No longer a valid logic level
Z — High impedance (Float)
Example:
tAVLL = Address valid to ALE LOW time
tLLPL = ALE LOW to PSEN LOW time
tLHLL
ALE
tPLPH
tAVLL
tLLIV
tLLPL
tPLIV
PSEN
tPXAV
tPLAZ
tLLAX
port 0
tPXIZ
tPXIX
A0 to A7
INSTR IN
A0 to A7
tAVIV
port 2
A8 to A15
A8 to A15
002aaa548
Fig 36. External program memory read cycle
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
ALE
tWHLH
PSEN
tLLDV
tLLWL
RD
tAVLL
tRLRH
tLLAX
tRHDZ
tRLAZ
tRHDX
tRLDV
A0 to A7
from RI to DPL
port 0
DATA IN
A0 to A7 from PCL
INSTR IN
tAVWL
tAVDV
P2.0 to P2.7 or A8 to A15 from DPH
port 2
A0 to A15 from PCH
002aaa549
Fig 37. External data memory read cycle
tLHLL
ALE
tWHLH
PSEN
tLLWL
WR
tWLWH
tLLAX
tWHQX
tAVLL
tQVWH
port 0
A0 to A7 from RI or DPL
DATA OUT
A0 to A7 from PCL
INSTR IN
tAVWL
port 2
P2[7:0] or A8 to A15 from DPH
A8 to A15 from PCH
002aaa550
Fig 38. External data memory write cycle
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Table 72.
External clock drive
Symbol
Parameter
Oscillator
Unit
40 MHz
Variable
Min
Max
Min
Max
fosc
oscillator frequency
-
-
0
40
MHz
Tcy(clk)
clock cycle time
25
-
-
-
ns
tCHCX
clock HIGH time
8.75
-
0.35Tcy(clk)
0.65Tcy(clk)
ns
tCLCX
clock LOW time
8.75
-
0.35Tcy(clk)
0.65Tcy(clk)
ns
tCLCH
clock rise time
-
10
-
-
ns
tCHCL
clock fall time
-
10
-
-
ns
tCHCL
tCHCX
tCLCH
tCLCX
Tcy(clk)
002aaa907
Fig 39. External clock drive waveform
Table 73.
Symbol
Serial port timing
Parameter
Oscillator
Unit
40 MHz
Variable
Min
Max
Min
Max
TXLXL
serial port clock cycle time
0.3
-
12Tcy(clk)
-
s
tQVXH
output data set-up to clock rising
edge time
117
-
10Tcy(clk) 133
-
ns
tXHQX
output data hold after clock rising
edge time
0
-
2Tcy(clk) 50
-
ns
tXHDX
input data hold after clock rising edge 0
time
-
0
-
ns
tXHDV
input data valid to clock rising edge
time
117
-
10Tcy(clk) 133
ns
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
instruction
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ALE
TXLXL
clock
tXHQX
tQVXH
output data
0
write to SBUF
input data
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
tXHDX
set TI
tXHDV
valid
valid
valid
valid
valid
valid
valid
valid
clear RI
set RI
002aaa552
Fig 40. Shift register mode timing waveforms
Table 74.
I2C-bus interface timing (12-clock mode)
Symbol
Parameter
Input
Output
Unit
tHD;STA
hold time (repeated) START condition
14Tcy(clk)
> 4.0[1]
s
LOW period of the SCL clock
16Tcy(clk)
>
4.7[1]
s
HIGH period of the USCL clock
14Tcy(clk)
>
4.0[1]
s
tr(SCL)
SCL rise time
1
-[2]
s
tf(SCL)
SCL fall time
0.3
0.3[3]
s
tSU;DAT
data set-up time
250
20Tcy(clk) tr(SDA)
ns
tsuDAT1
data set-up time 1
before repeated
START
tsuDAT2
data set-up time 2
before STOP
condition
tHD;DAT
tLOW
tHIGH
Conditions
250
>
1000[1]
ns
250
> 8Tcy(clk)
ns
data hold time
0
> 8Tcy(clk) tf(SCL)
ns
tSU;STA
set-up time for a repeated START
condition
tSU;STO
set-up time for STOP condition
14Tcy(clk)[1]
tBUF
bus free time between a STOP and
START condition
tr(SDA)
SDA rise time
0.3
0.3
s
SDA fall time
0.3
s
tf(SDA)
14Tcy(clk)[1]
14Tcy(clk)[1]
4.7[1]
s
> 4.0[1]
s
4.7[1]
s
>
>
0.3[3]
[1]
At 100 kb/s. All other bit rates, this value is inversely proportional to the bit rate of 100 kb/s.
[2]
Determined by the external bus capacitance and pull-up resistor. This must be < 1 s.
[3]
Spikes on SDA and SCL with a duration less than 3Tcy(clk) will be filtered out. Max capacitance on SDA and SCL = 400 pF.
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START or repeated START condition
repeated START condition
tSU;STA
START
condition
STOP condition
trDA
0.7VCC
SCL
(input/
output)
0.3VCC
tfDA
tBUF
trCL
tSU;STO
tfCL
0.7VCC
SDA
(input/
output)
0.3VCC
tsuDAT2
tHD;STA tLOW
tHIGH
tSU;DAT
tHD;DAT
tsuDAT1
002aab861
Fig 41. I2C-bus interface timing
Table 75.
SPI interface timing
Symbol Parameter
Conditions
Variable clock
fosc = 18 MHz
Unit
Min
Max
Min
Max
0
Tcy(clk) / 4
0
10
4Tcy(clk)
-
222
-
ns
250
-
250
-
ns
250
-
250
-
ns
2Tcy(clk)
-
111
-
ns
2Tcy(clk)
-
111
-
ns
master or slave; see
Figure 42, 43, 44, 45
100
-
100
-
ns
SPI data hold time
master or slave; see
Figure 42, 43, 44, 45
100
-
100
-
ns
tSPIA
SPI access time
see Figure 44, 45
0
80
0
80
ns
tSPIDIS
SPI disable time
see Figure 44, 45
0
160
-
160
ns
tSPIDV
SPI enable to output
data valid time
see Figure 42, 43, 44, 45
-
111
-
111
ns
tSPIOH
SPI output data hold
time
see Figure 42, 43, 44, 45
0
-
0
-
ns
tSPIR
SPI rise time
see Figure 42, 43, 44, 45
SPI outputs (SPICLK,
MOSI, MISO)
-
100
-
100
ns
SPI inputs (SPICLK,
MOSI, MISO, SS)
-
2000
-
2000
ns
SPI outputs (SPICLK,
MOSI, MISO)
-
100
-
100
ns
SPI inputs (SPICLK,
MOSI, MISO, SS)
-
2000
-
2000
ns
fSPI
SPI operating frequency
TSPICYC
SPI cycle time
see Figure 42, 43, 44, 45
tSPILEAD
SPI enable lead time
see Figure 44, 45
tSPILAG
SPI enable lag time
see Figure 44, 45
tSPICLKH
SPICLK HIGH time
see Figure 42, 43, 44, 45
tSPICLKL
SPICLK LOW time
see Figure 42, 43, 44, 45
tSPIDSU
SPI data set-up time
tSPIDH
tSPIF
SPI fall time
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
MHz
see Figure 42, 43, 44, 45
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
SS
TSPICYC
tSPIF
tSPICLKH
tSPICLKL
tSPIR
SPICLK
(CPOL = 0)
(output)
tSPIF
tSPIR
tSPICLKL
tSPICLKH
SPICLK
(CPOL = 1)
(output)
tSPIDSU
MISO
(input)
tSPIDH
LSB/MSB in
MSB/LSB in
tSPIDV
MOSI
(output)
tSPIOH
tSPIDV
tSPIR
tSPIF
master MSB/LSB out
master LSB/MSB out
002aaa908
Fig 42. SPI master timing (CPHA = 0)
SS
TSPICYC
tSPIF
tSPICLKL
tSPIR
tSPICLKH
SPICLK
(CPOL = 0)
(output)
tSPIF
tSPIR
tSPICLKH
SPICLK
(CPOL = 1)
(output)
tSPIDSU
MISO
(input)
tSPIDH
LSB/MSB in
MSB/LSB in
tSPIDV
MOSI
(output)
tSPICLKL
tSPIOH
tSPIDV
tSPIF
tSPIR
master MSB/LSB out
master LSB/MSB out
002aaa909
Fig 43. SPI master timing (CPHA = 1)
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SS
tSPIF
tSPIR
TSPICYC
tSPILEAD
tSPIF
tSPICLKL
tSPICLKH
tSPIR
tSPILAG
SPICLK
(CPOL = 0)
(input)
tSPIF
tSPIR
tSPICLKL
tSPICLKH
SPICLK
(CPOL = 1)
(input)
tSPIOH
tSPIA
tSPIOH
tSPIDV
MISO
(output)
slave MSB/LSB out
tSPIDSU
MOSI
(input)
tSPIOH
tSPIDIS
tSPIDV
slave LSB/MSB out
tSPIDH
tSPIDSU
tSPIDSU
MSB/LSB in
not defined
tSPIDH
LSB/MSB in
002aaa910
Fig 44. SPI slave timing (CPHA = 0)
SS
tSPIF
tSPILEAD
tSPIR
TSPICYC
tSPIF
tSPICLKL
tSPIR
tSPILAG
tSPICLKH
SPICLK
(CPOL = 0)
(input)
tSPIF
tSPIR
tSPICLKL
SPICLK
(CPOL = 1)
(input)
tSPICLKH
tSPIOH
tSPIOH
tSPIDV
tSPIDV
tSPIOH
tSPIDV
tSPIDIS
tSPIA
MISO
(output)
not defined
slave MSB/LSB out
tSPIDSU
MOSI
(input)
tSPIDH
MSB/LSB in
slave LSB/MSB out
tSPIDSU
tSPIDH
LSB/MSB in
002aaa911
Fig 45. SPI slave timing (CPHA = 1)
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
to tester
to DUT
CL
002aaa555
Fig 46. Test load example
VDD
P0
VDD
RST
VDD
IDD
VDD
8
EA
DUT
clock
signal
(n.c.)
XTAL2
XTAL1
VSS
002aaa556
All other pins disconnected
Fig 47. IDD test condition, active mode
VDD
P0
RST
VDD
IDD
8
VDD
EA
DUT
clock
signal
(n.c.)
XTAL2
XTAL1
VSS
002aaa557
All other pins disconnected
Fig 48. IDD test condition, Idle mode
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
VDD = 2 V
VDD
VDD
IDD
P0
RST
DUT
(n.c.)
8
VDD
EA
XTAL2
XTAL1
VSS
002aaa558
All other pins disconnected
Fig 49. IDD test condition, Power-down mode
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10. Package outline
TQFP44: plastic thin quad flat package; 44 leads; body 10 x 10 x 1.0 mm
SOT376-1
c
y
X
A
33
23
34
22
ZE
e
E HE
A A2
w M
(A 3)
A1
θ
bp
pin 1 index
Lp
L
detail X
12
44
11
1
ZD
e
v M A
w M
bp
D
B
HD
v M B
0
2.5
5 mm
scale
DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions)
UNIT
A
max.
A1
A2
A3
bp
c
D (1)
E (1)
e
mm
1.2
0.15
0.05
1.05
0.95
0.25
0.45
0.30
0.18
0.12
10.1
9.9
10.1
9.9
0.8
HD
HE
12.15 12.15
11.85 11.85
L
Lp
v
w
y
1
0.75
0.45
0.2
0.2
0.1
Z D(1) Z E(1)
1.2
0.8
1.2
0.8
θ
7o
o
0
Note
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included.
REFERENCES
OUTLINE
VERSION
IEC
SOT376-1
137E08
JEDEC
JEITA
EUROPEAN
PROJECTION
ISSUE DATE
00-01-19
02-03-14
MS-026
Fig 50. Package outline SOT376-1 (TQFP44)
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80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
PLCC44: plastic leaded chip carrier; 44 leads
SOT187-2
eD
eE
y
X
39
A
29
28
40
bp
ZE
b1
w M
44
1
E
HE
pin 1 index
A
A4 A1
e
(A 3)
6
β
18
Lp
k
7
detail X
17
e
v M A
ZD
D
B
HD
v M B
0
5
10 mm
scale
DIMENSIONS (mm dimensions are derived from the original inch dimensions)
A4
A1
e
UNIT A
A3
D(1) E(1)
eD
eE
HD
bp b1
max.
min.
4.57
4.19
inches
0.81
0.66
0.25
3.05
0.53
0.33
0.180
0.02
0.165
0.01
0.12
0.021 0.032 0.656 0.656
0.05
0.013 0.026 0.650 0.650
0.63
0.59
0.63
0.59
Lp
v
w
y
1.44
1.02
0.18
0.18
0.1
k
16.66 16.66
16.00 16.00 17.65 17.65 1.22
1.27
16.51 16.51
14.99 14.99 17.40 17.40 1.07
0.51
mm
HE
ZD(1) ZE(1)
max. max.
2.16
β
2.16
45 o
0.695 0.695 0.048 0.057
0.007 0.007 0.004 0.085 0.085
0.685 0.685 0.042 0.040
Note
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm (0.01 inch) maximum per side are not included.
REFERENCES
OUTLINE
VERSION
IEC
JEDEC
JEITA
SOT187-2
112E10
MS-018
EDR-7319
EUROPEAN
PROJECTION
ISSUE DATE
99-12-27
01-11-14
Fig 51. Package outline SOT187-2 (PLCC44)
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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11. Abbreviations
Table 76.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
Acronym list
Acronym
Description
ALE
Address Latch Enabled
CPU
Central Processing Unit
DUT
Device Under Test
EPROM
Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
EMI
Electro-Magnetic Interference
MCU
Microcontroller Unit
PWM
Pulse Width Modulator
RAM
Random Access Memory
RC
Resistance-Capacitance
SFR
Special Function Register
SPI
Serial Peripheral Interface
UART
Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
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12. Revision history
Table 77.
Revision history
Document ID
Release date
Data sheet status
Change notice
Supersedes
P89V660_662_664 v.3.1
20111017
Product data sheet
-
P89V660_662_664 v.3
Modifications:
P89V660_662_664 v.3
Modifications:
•
•
•
Table 3 “Pin description”: Added Table note 1.
Updated Equation 2 and Equation 3.
Removed type numbers P89V660FA and P89V660FBC from Table 1 and Table 2 due to
EOL.
20081110
•
Product data sheet
-
P89V660_662_664 v.2
Section 2.2 “Additional features”: corrected 6-clock/12-clock mode information.
P89V660_662_664 v.2
20080129
Product data sheet
-
P89V660_662_664 v.1
P89V660_662_664 v.1
20070502
Product data sheet
-
-
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
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13. Legal information
13.1 Data sheet status
Document status[1][2]
Product status[3]
Definition
Objective [short] data sheet
Development
This document contains data from the objective specification for product development.
Preliminary [short] data sheet
Qualification
This document contains data from the preliminary specification.
Product [short] data sheet
Production
This document contains the product specification.
[1]
Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design.
[2]
The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”.
[3]
The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status
information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com.
13.2 Definitions
Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under
internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in
modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of
use of such information.
Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet
with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended
for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and
full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data
sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales
office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the
full data sheet shall prevail.
Product specification — The information and data provided in a Product
data sheet shall define the specification of the product as agreed between
NXP Semiconductors and its customer, unless NXP Semiconductors and
customer have explicitly agreed otherwise in writing. In no event however,
shall an agreement be valid in which the NXP Semiconductors product is
deemed to offer functions and qualities beyond those described in the
Product data sheet.
13.3 Disclaimers
Limited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believed to
be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or
completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the
consequences of use of such information.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation - lost
profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removal or
replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such
damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of
contract or any other legal theory.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulative liability towards
customer for the products described herein shall be limited in accordance
with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP Semiconductors.
malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected
to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental
damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of
NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and
therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk.
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these
products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no
representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
specified use without further testing or modification.
Customers are responsible for the design and operation of their applications
and products using NXP Semiconductors products, and NXP Semiconductors
accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product
design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine whether the NXP
Semiconductors product is suitable and fit for the customer’s applications and
products planned, as well as for the planned application and use of
customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should provide appropriate
design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks associated with their
applications and products.
NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default,
damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the
customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s
third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary
testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP
Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and
the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party
customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect.
Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in
the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) will cause permanent
damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and (proper)
operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in
the Recommended operating conditions section (if present) or the
Characteristics sections of this document is not warranted. Constant or
repeated exposure to limiting values will permanently and irreversibly affect
the quality and reliability of the device.
Terms and conditions of commercial sale — NXP Semiconductors
products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial
sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, unless otherwise
agreed in a valid written individual agreement. In case an individual
agreement is concluded only the terms and conditions of the respective
agreement shall apply. NXP Semiconductors hereby expressly objects to
applying the customer’s general terms and conditions with regard to the
purchase of NXP Semiconductors products by customer.
Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make
changes to information published in this document, including without
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior
to the publication hereof.
No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or
construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant,
conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or
other industrial or intellectual property rights.
Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical or
safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or
Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein
may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior
authorization from competent authorities.
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 3.1 — 17 October 2011
© NXP B.V. 2011. All rights reserved.
88 of 90
P89V660/662/664
NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
Non-automotive qualified products — Unless this data sheet expressly
states that this specific NXP Semiconductors product is automotive qualified,
the product is not suitable for automotive use. It is neither qualified nor tested
in accordance with automotive testing or application requirements. NXP
Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of
non-automotive qualified products in automotive equipment or applications.
In the event that customer uses the product for design-in and use in
automotive applications to automotive specifications and standards, customer
(a) shall use the product without NXP Semiconductors’ warranty of the
product for such automotive applications, use and specifications, and (b)
whenever customer uses the product for automotive applications beyond
NXP Semiconductors’ specifications such use shall be solely at customer’s
own risk, and (c) customer fully indemnifies NXP Semiconductors for any
liability, damages or failed product claims resulting from customer design and
use of the product for automotive applications beyond NXP Semiconductors’
standard warranty and NXP Semiconductors’ product specifications.
13.4 Trademarks
Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
I2C-bus — logo is a trademark of NXP B.V.
14. Contact information
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: salesaddresses@nxp.com
P89V660_662_664
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 3.1 — 17 October 2011
© NXP B.V. 2011. All rights reserved.
89 of 90
P89V660/662/664
NXP Semiconductors
80C51 with 512 B/1 kB/2 kB RAM, dual I2C-bus, SPI
15. Contents
1
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
3
3.1
4
5
5.1
5.2
6
6.1
6.2
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.2.3
6.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.3.3
6.3.4
6.3.5
6.3.6
6.3.7
6.3.8
6.4
6.4.1
6.4.2
6.4.3
6.4.4
6.4.5
6.4.5.1
6.4.5.2
6.4.5.3
6.4.5.4
6.5
6.5.1
6.5.2
6.5.3
6.5.4
6.6
6.6.1
6.6.2
6.6.3
6.6.4
General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Features and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Principal features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Additional features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Comparison to the P89C660/662/664
devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Ordering options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Special function registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Memory organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Expanded data RAM addressing . . . . . . . . . . 14
Dual data pointers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Flash memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Flash organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Boot block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Power-on reset code execution . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Hardware activation of the bootloader . . . . . . 19
ISP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Using ISP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
IAP method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
I2C-bus interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
I2C-bus data register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
I2C-bus slave address register . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
I2C-bus control register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
I2C-bus status register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
I2C-bus operation modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Master transmitter mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Master receiver mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Slave receiver mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Slave transmitter mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Timers/counters 0 and 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Mode 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Mode 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Mode 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Mode 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Timer 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Capture mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Auto-reload mode (up or down-counter). . . . . 45
Programmable clock-out. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Baud rate generator mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
6.6.5
6.7
6.7.1
6.7.2
6.7.3
6.7.4
6.7.5
6.7.6
6.7.7
6.7.8
6.7.9
6.8
6.8.1
6.8.2
6.9
6.10
6.10.1
6.10.2
6.10.3
6.10.4
6.10.5
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.13.1
6.13.2
6.14
6.14.1
6.14.2
7
8
9
9.1
10
11
12
13
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
14
15
Summary of baud rate equations. . . . . . . . . .
UARTs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mode 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mode 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mode 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mode 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Framing error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
More about UART mode 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
More about UART modes 2 and 3 . . . . . . . . .
Multiprocessor communications. . . . . . . . . . .
Automatic address recognition. . . . . . . . . . . .
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) . . . . . . . . . .
SPI features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Watchdog timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PCA capture mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16-bit software timer mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High-speed output mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pulse width modulator mode . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PCA watchdog timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Security bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interrupt priority and polling sequence. . . . . .
Power-saving modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Idle mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power-down mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System clock and clock options . . . . . . . . . . .
Clock input options and recommended
capacitor values for the oscillator. . . . . . . . . .
Clock doubling option. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Static characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dynamic characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Explanation of symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Package outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48
48
49
49
49
49
50
50
50
51
51
53
53
53
56
56
60
61
62
63
64
65
65
68
69
69
70
70
70
71
71
74
75
84
86
87
88
88
88
88
89
89
90
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.
© NXP B.V. 2011.
All rights reserved.
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: salesaddresses@nxp.com
Date of release: 17 October 2011
Document identifier: P89V660_662_664
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