NCT203FCT2G

NCT203 Low Voltage, High Accuracy Temperature Monitor with I2C Interface The NCT203 is a digital thermometer and undertemperature/ overtemperature alarm, intended for use in thermal management systems requiring low power and size. The NCT203 operates over a supply range of 1.4 V to 2.75 V making it possible to use it in a wide range of applications including low power devices. The NCT203 can measure the ambient temperature accurate to ±1.75°C. The device operates over a wide temperature range of −40 to +125°C. The NCT203 has a configurable ALERT output and over− temperature shutdown THERM pin. Communication with the NCT203 is accomplished via the I2C interface which is compatible with industry standard protocols. Through this interface the NCT203s internal registers may be accessed. These registers allow the user to read the current temperature, change the configuration settings and adjust limits. An ALERT output signals when the on−chip temperature is out of range. The THERM output is a comparator output that can be used to shut down the system if it exceeds the programmed limit. The ALERT output can be reconfigured as a second THERM output, if required. http://onsemi.com DFN8 MT SUFFIX CASE 511BU PIN ASSIGNMENTS VDD 1 8 SCL NC 2 7 SDA NC 3 6 ALERT/THERM2 THERM 4 5 GND DFN (Top View) Features • • • • • • • • • Small DFN Package On−Chip Temperature Sensor Low Voltage Operation: 1.4 V to 2.75 V Low Quiescent Current: ♦ 44 mA Normal Mode (max) ♦ 20 mA Shutdown (max) Power Saving Shutdown Mode Operating Temperature Range of −40°C to 125°C 2−wire I2C Serial Interface Programmable Over/Undertemperature Limits This is a Pb−Free Device MARKING DIAGRAM 1 J2 M G J2 MG G = Specific Device Code = Date Code = Pb−Free Device (*Note: Microdot may be in either location) ORDERING INFORMATION See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package dimensions section on page 13 of this data sheet. Applications • Smart Phones, Tablet PCs, Satellite Navigation, Smart Batteries © Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2013 June, 2013 − Rev. 2 1 Publication Order Number: NCT203/D NCT203 CONVERSION RATE REGISTER TEMPERATURE LOW−LIMIT REGISTER RUN/ STANDBY DIGITAL MUX LIMIT COMPARATOR A−TO−D CONVERTER TEMPERATURE VALUE REGISTER BUSY TEMPERATURE HIGH−LIMIT REGISTER TEMPERATURE THERM LIMIT HYSTERESIS REGISTER ADDRESS POINTER REGISTER CONFIGURATION REGISTERS ON−CHIP TEMPERATURE SENSOR INTERRUPT MASKING STATUS REGISTER NCT203 6 4 ALERT/ THERM2 THERM I2C INTERFACE 1 VDD 5 7 SDA GND 8 SCL Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram VDD VDD 1.4V TO 2.75V NCT203 0.1 μF TYP 10 kW SCL VDD SDA TYP 10 kW OVERTEMPERATURE SHUTDOWN I2C Master ALERT/ THERM2 THERM GND Figure 2. Typical Application Circuit Table 1. PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION − DFN PACKAGE Pin No. Pin Name Description 1 VDD Positive Supply, 1.4 V to 2.75 V 2 NC No connect − leave this pin floating. 3 NC No connect − leave this pin floating. 4 THERM Open−Drain Output. Can be used to throttle a CPU clock in the event of an overtemperature condition. Requires pullup resistor to VDD. Active low output. 5 GND 6 ALERT/THERM2 Supply Ground Connection. 7 SDA Logic Input/Output, I2C Serial Data. Requires pullup resistor to VDD. 8 SCL Logic Input, I2C serial clock. Requires pullup resistor to VDD. Open−Drain Logic Output used as Interrupt. This can also be configured as a second THERM output. Requires pullup resistor to VDD. Active low output. http://onsemi.com 2 NCT203 Table 2. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) Rating Symbol Value Unit VDD −0.3, +3 V −0.3 to +5.25 V −1, +50 mA Supply Voltage (VDD) to GND SCL, SDA, ALERT, THERM Input current on SDA, THERM IIN Maximum Junction Temperature TJ(max) 150.7 °C Operating Temperature Range TOP −40 to 125 °C Storage Temperature Range TSTG −65 to 160 °C ESD Capability, Human Body Model (Note 2) ESDHBM 2000 V ESD Capability, Machine Model (Note 2) ESDMM 100 V Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability. 1. Refer to ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS and APPLICATION INFORMATION for Safe Operating Area. 2. This device series incorporates ESD protection and is tested by the following methods: ESD Human Body Model tested per AEC−Q100-002 (EIA/JESD22-A114) ESD Machine Model tested per AEC-Q100-003 (EIA/JESD22-A115) Table 3. I2C TIMING − 400 kHz Parameter (Note 3) Symbol Min Clock Frequency fSCLK 10 Clock Period tSCLK 2.5 ms SCL High Time tHIGH 0.6 ms SCL Low Time tLOW 1.3 ms Start Setup Time tSU;STA 0.6 ms Start Hold Time (Note 4) tHD;STA 0.6 ms Data Setup Time (Note 5) tSU;DAT 100 ns Data Hold Time (Note 6) tHD;DAT 0.9 ms SCL, SDA Rise Time tr 300 ns SCL, SDA Fall Time tf 300 ns Stop Setup Time 3. 4. 5. 6. tSU;STO 0.6 Bus Free Time tBUF 1.3 Glitch Immunity tSW Typ Max Unit 400 kHz ms ms 50 ns Guaranteed by design, but not production tested. Time from 10% of SDA to 90% of SCL. Time for 10% or 90% of SDA to 10% of SCL. A device must internally provide a hold time of at least 300 ns for the SDA signal to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of SCL. tR tLOW tF tHD;STA SCLK tHIGH tHD;STA tHD;DAT tSU;STA tSU;STO tSU;DAT SDATA tBUF STOP START START Figure 3. I2C Timing Diagram http://onsemi.com 3 STOP NCT203 Table 4. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = TMIN to TMAX, VDD = 1.6 V to 2.75 V. All specifications for −40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted.) Test Conditions Parameter Min Typ Max Unit +125 °C ±1.75 ±3 °C 1.5 °C TEMPERATURE SENSOR −40 Measurement Range TEMPERATURE SENSOR ACCURACY VDD TA = 25°C to 85°C TA = −40°C to +125°C VDD = 1.8 V, TA = 40°C to +100°C −0.5 ADC Resolution 10 Bits Conversion time 60 ms Temperature Resolution 1 °C Undervoltage Lockout Threshold 1.32 V Power−On Reset Threshold 0.9 V POWER REQUIREMENTS 1.4 Supply Voltage Quiescent Current (IDD) Standby Current (ISTBY) I2C inactive – 0.0625 Conversions/Sec Rate, 1.8 V VDD I2C active, 400 kHz 15 I2C inactive I2C active, 400 kHz 1 10 2.75 V 44 mA 20 mA 30 DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT Input Logic Levels VIH 0.7 x VDD 2.75 V VIL −0.5 0.3 x VDD V Input Current 0 < VIN < 2.75 V 1 mA Output Logic Levels VOL SDA, ALERT, THERM VDD > 2 V, IOL = 3 mA 0 0.4 V VDD < 2 V, IOL = 3 mA 0 0.2 x VDD V http://onsemi.com 4 NCT203 Theory of Operation measurement. To reduce the effects of noise, digital filtering is performed by averaging the results of 16 measurement cycles for low conversion rates. At rates of 16−, 32− and 64− conversions/second, no digital averaging occurs. Signal conditioning and measurement of the internal temperature sensor are performed in the same manner. The NCT203 is an on−chip temperature sensor and over/under temperature alarm. When the NCT203 is operating normally, the on−board ADC operates in a free running mode. The ADC digitizes the signals from the temperature sensor and the results are stored in the temperature value register. The measurement results are compared with the corresponding high, low, and THERM temperature limits, stored in the on−chip registers. Out−of−limit comparisons generate flags that are stored in the status register. A result that exceeds the high temperature limit or the low temperature limit causes the ALERT output to assert. Exceeding the THERM temperature limits causes the THERM output to assert low. The ALERT output can be reprogrammed as a second THERM output. The limit registers are programmed and the device controlled and configured via the serial I2C. The contents of any register are also read back via the I2C. Control and configuration functions consist of switching the device between normal operation and standby mode, selecting the temperature measurement range, masking or enabling the ALERT output, switching Pin 6 between ALERT and THERM2, and selecting the conversion rate. Temperature Measurement Results The results of the temperature measurement are stored in the temperature value register and compared with limits programmed into the high and low limit registers. The temperature value is in Register 0x00 and has a resolution of 1°C. Temperature Measurement Range The temperature measurement range is, by default, 0°C to +127°C. However, the NCT203 can be operated using an extended temperature range. The extended measurement range is −64°C to +191°C. Therefore, the NCT203 can be used to measure the full temperature range of the NCT203, from −40°C to +125°C. The extended temperature range is selected by setting Bit 2 of the configuration register to 1. The temperature range is 0°C to 127°C when Bit 2 equals 0. A valid result is available in the next measurement cycle after changing the temperature range. In extended temperature mode, the upper and lower temperature that can be measured by the NCT203 is limited by the device temperature range of −40°C to +125°C. The temperature register can have values from −64°C to +191°C. It should be noted that although temperature measurements can be made while the part is in extended temperature mode, the NCT203 should not be exposed to temperatures greater than those specified in the absolute maximum ratings section. Further, the device is only guaranteed to operate as specified at ambient temperatures from −40°C to +125°C. Temperature Measurement Method A simple method of measuring temperature is to exploit the negative temperature coefficient of a diode, measuring the base emitter voltage (VBE) of a transistor operated at constant current. However, this technique requires calibration to null the effect of the absolute value of VBE, which varies from device to device. The technique used in the NCT203 measures the change in VBE when the device operates at different currents. To measure DVBE, the operating current through the sensor is switched among related currents. N1 x I and N2 x I are different multiples of the current, I. The currents through the temperature diode are switched between I and N1 x I, giving DVBE1; and then between I and N2 x I, giving DVBE2. The temperature is then calculated using the two DVBE measurements. The resulting DVBE waveforms are passed through a 65 kHz low−pass filter to remove noise and then to a chopper−stabilized amplifier. This amplifies and rectifies the waveform to produce a dc voltage proportional to DVBE. The ADC digitizes this voltage producing a temperature Temperature Data Format The NCT203 has two temperature data formats. When the temperature measurement range is from 0°C to 127°C (default), the temperature data format for temperature results is binary. When the measurement range is in extended mode, an offset binary data format is used. Temperature values are offset by 64°C in the offset binary data format. Examples of temperatures in both data formats are shown in Table 5. http://onsemi.com 5 NCT203 Temperature Value Register Table 5. TEMPERATURE DATA FORMAT Temperature Binary Offset Binary (Note 1) -55°C 0 000 0000 (Note 2) 0 000 1001 0°C 0 000 0000 0 100 0000 +1°C 0 000 0001 0 100 0001 +10°C 0 000 1010 0 100 1010 +25°C 0 001 1001 0 101 1001 +50°C 0 011 0010 0 111 0010 +75°C 0 100 1011 1 000 1011 +100°C 0 110 0100 1 010 0100 +125°C 0 111 1101 1 011 1101 +127°C 0 111 1111 1 011 1111 +150°C 0 111 1111 (Note 3) 1 101 0110 The NCT203 has a temperature register to store the results of temperature measurement. This register can only be written to by the ADC and can be read by the user over the I2C. The temperature value register is at Address 0x00. The power−on default for this register is 0x00. Configuration Register The configuration register is Address 0x03 at read and Address 0x09 at write. Its power−on default is 0x00. Only four bits of the configuration register are used. Bit 0, Bit 1, Bit 3, and Bit 4 are reserved; only zeros should be written to these. Bit 7 of the configuration register masks the ALERT output. If Bit 7 is 0, the ALERT output is enabled. This is the power−on default. It Bit 7 is set to 1, the ALERT output is disabled. This applies only if Pin 6 is configured as ALERT. If Pin 6 is configured as THERM2, then the value of Bit 7 has no effect. If Bit 6 is set to 0, which is power−on default, the device is in operating mode with ADC converting. If Bit 6 is set to 1, the device is in standby mode and the ADC does not convert. The I2C does, however, remain active in standby mode; therefore, values can be read from or written to the NCT203 via the I2C. The ALERT and THERM output are also active in standby mode. Changes made to the register in standby mode that affect the THERM or ALERT outputs cause these signals to be updated. Bit 5 determines the configuration of Pin 6 on the NCT203. If Bit 5 is 0 (default), then Pin 6 is configured as a ALERT output. If Bit 5 is 1, then Pin 6 is configured as a THERM2 output. Bit 7, the ALERT mask bit, is only active when Pin 6 is configured as an ALERT output. If Pin 6 is set up as a THERM2 output, then Bit 7 has no effect. Bit 2 sets the temperature measurement range. If Bit 2 is 0 (default value), the temperature measurement range is set between 0°C to +127°C. Setting Bit 2 to 1 sets the measurement range to the extended temperature range (−64°C to +191°C). 1. Offset binary scale temperature values are offset by 64°C. 2. Binary scale temperature measurement returns 0°C for all temperatures < 0°C. 3. Binary scale temperature measurement returns 127°C for all temperatures > 127°C. The user can switch between measurement ranges at any time. Switching the range likewise switches the data format. The next temperature result following the switching is reported back to the register in the new format. However, the contents of the limit registers do not change. It is up to the user to ensure that when the data format changes, the limit registers are reprogrammed as necessary. More information on this is found in the Limit Registers section. NCT203 Registers The NCT203 contains 12, 8−bit registers in total. These registers store the results of the temperature measurement, high and low temperature limits, and configure and control the device. See the Address Pointer Register section through the Consecutive ALERT Register section of this data sheet for more information on the NCT203 registers. Additional details are shown in Table 6 through Table 9. The entire register map is available in Table 10. Table 6. CONFIGURATION REGISTER BIT ASSIGNMENTS Address Pointer Register The address pointer register itself does not have, nor does it require, an address because the first byte of every write operation is automatically written to this register. The data in this first byte always contains the address of another register on the NCT203 that is stored in the address pointer register. It is to this register address that the second byte of a write operation is written, or to which a subsequent read operation is performed. The power−on default value of the address pointer register is 0x00. Therefore, if a read operation is performed immediately after power−on, without first writing to the address pointer, the value of the temperature is returned because its register address is 0x00. Name Function 7 MASK1 0 = ALERT Enabled 1 = ALERT Masked 0 6 RUN/STOP 0 = Run 1 = Standby 0 5 ALERT/ THERM2 0 = ALERT 1 = THERM2 0 4, 3 Reserved 2 Temperature Range Select 1, 0 Reserved http://onsemi.com 6 Power−On Default Bit 0 0 = 0°C to 127°C 1 = Extended Range 0 0 NCT203 Conversion Rate Register provided which applies to both THERM channels. This hysteresis value can be reprogrammed to any value after powerup (Register Address 0x21). It is important to remember that the temperature limits data format is the same as the temperature measurement data format. Therefore, if the temperature measurement uses default binary, then the temperature limits also use the binary scale. If the temperature measurement scale is switched, however, the temperature limits do not automatically switch. The user must reprogram the limit registers to the desired value in the correct data format. For example, if the low limit is set at 10°C with the default binary scale, the limit register value is 0000 1010b. If the scale is switched to offset binary, the value in the low temperature limit register needs to be reprogrammed to 0100 1010b. The conversion rate register is Address 0x04 at read and Address 0x0A at write. The lowest four bits of this register are used to program the conversion rate by dividing the internal oscillator clock by 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024 to give conversion times from 15.5 ms (Code 0x0A) to 16 seconds (Code 0x00). For example, a conversion rate of eight conversions per second means that beginning at 125 ms intervals, the device performs a conversion on the internal temperature channel. The conversion rate register can be written to and read back over the I2C. The higher four bits of this register are unused and must be set to 0. The default value of this register is 0x08, giving a rate of 16 conversions per second. Use of slower conversion times greatly reduces the device power consumption. Status Register Table 7. CONVERSION RATES Code Conversion/Second Time (Seconds) 0x00 0.0625 16 0x01 0.125 8 0x02 0.25 4 0x03 0.5 2 0x04 1 1 0x05 2 500 m 0x06 4 250 m 0x07 8 125 m 0x08 16 62.5 m 0x09 32 31.25 m 0x0A 64 15.5 m 0x0B to 0xFF Reserved The status register is a read−only register at Address 0x02. It contains status information for the NCT203. When Bit 7 of the status register is high, it indicates that the ADC is bisy converting. The other bits in this register flag the out−of−limit temperature measurements (Bit 6 to Bit 3, and Bit 1 to Bit 0). If Pin 6 is configured as an ALERT output, the following applies: If the temperature measurement exceeds its limits, Bit 6 (high limit) or Bit 5 (low limit) of the status register asserts to flag this condition. These flags are NOR’ed together, so if any of them is high, the ALERT interrupt latch is set and the ALERT output goes low. Reading the status register clears the flags, Bit 6 to Bit 2, provided the error conditions causing the flags to be set have gone away. A flag bit can be reset only if the corresponding value register contains an in−limit measurement or if the sensor is good. The ALERT interrupt latch (output) is reset by either reading the status register or by issuing the device with an ARA. In order for either of the above to work the error condition must have gone away. When Flag 0 is set, the THERM output goes low to indicate that the temperature measurement is outside the programmed limits. The THERM output does not need to be reset, unlike the ALERT output. Once the measurements are within the limits, the corresponding status register bits are automatically reset and the THERM output goes high. The user may add hysteresis by programming Register 0x21. The THERM output is reset only when the temperature falls to limit value minus the hysteresis value. When Pin 6 is configured as THERM2, only the high temperature limits are relevant. If Flag 6 is set, the THERM2 output goes low to indicate that the temperature measurement is outside the programmed limits. Flag 5 has no effect on THERM2. The behavior of THERM2 is otherwise the same as THERM. Limit Registers The NCT203 has three limit registers: high, low, and THERM temperature limits for temperature measurements. There is also a THERM hysteresis register. All limit registers can be written to, and read byck over I2C. See Table 9 for details of the limit register addresses and their power−on default values. When Pin 6 is configured as an ALERT output, the high limit registers perform a > comparison, while the low limit registers perform a ≤ comparison. For example, if the high limit register is programmed with 80°C, then measuring 81°C results in an out−of−limit condition, setting a flag in the status register. If the low limit register is programmed with 0°C, measuring 0°C or lower resutls in an out−of−limit condition. Exceeding the THERM limit asserts THERM low. When Pin 6 is configured as THERM2, exceeding the high limit asserts THERM2 low. A default hysteresis value of 10°C is http://onsemi.com 7 NCT203 Consecutive ALERT Register Table 8. STATUS REGISTER BIT ASSIGNMENTS Bit Name 7 BUSY 6 HIGH (Note 4) 1 when high temperature limit is tripped 5 LOW (Note 4) 1 when low temperature limit is tripped 4 Reserved 3 Reserved 2 Reserved 1 Reserved 0 THRM The value written to this register determines how many out−of−limit measurements must occur before an ALERT is generated. The default value is that one out−of−limit measurement generates an ALERT. The maximum value that can be chosen is 4. The purpose of this register is to allow the user to perform some filtering of the output. This is particularly useful at the fastest three conversion rates, where no averaging takes place. This register is at Address 0x22. Function 1 when ADC is converting Table 9. CONSECUTIVE ALERT REGISTER CODES 1 when THERM limit is tripped Register Value Number of Out-of-Limit Measurements Required yxxx 000x 1 yxxx 001x 2 yxxx 011x 3 yxxx 111x 4 4. These flags stay high until the status register is read or they are reset by POR unless Pin 6 is configured as THERM2. Then, only Bit 2 remains high until the status register is read or is reset by POR. One−Shot Register The one−shot register is used to initiate a conversion and comparison cycle when the NCT203 is in standby mode, after which the device returns to standby. Writing to the one−shot register address (0x0F) causes the NCT203 to perform a conversion and comparison on the temperature. This is not a data register as such, and it is the write operation to Address 0x0F that causes the one−shot conversion. The data written to this address is irrelevant and is not stored. Note: x = don’t care bits, and y = Bus timeout bit. Default = 0. See interface section for more information. Table 10. LIST OF REGISTERS Read Address (Hex) Write Address (Hex) Name Power−On Default Not Applicable Not Applicable Address Pointer 00 Not Applicable Temperature Value 02 Not Applicable Status 03 09 Configuration 0000 0000 (0x00) 04 0A Conversion Rate 0000 1000 (0x08) 05 0B Temperature High Limit 0101 0101 (0x55) (85°C) 06 0C Temperature Low Limit 0000 0000 (0x00) (0°C) Not Applicable 0F (Note 1) 20 20 THERM Limit 21 21 THERM Hysteresis 0000 1010 (0x0A) (0x10°C) 22 22 Consecutive ALERT 0000 0001 (0x01) FE Not Applicable Manufacturer ID 0001 1010 (0x1A) FF Not Applicable Die Revision Code Undefined 0000 0000 (0x00) Undefined One−Shot http://onsemi.com 8 0101 0101 (0x55) (85°C) 0xXX NCT203 SERIAL INTERFACE Control of the NCT203 is carried out via the I2C compatible serial interface. The NCT203 is connected to this bus as a slave device, under the control of a master device. The NCT203 has a bus timeout feature. When this is enabled, the bus times out after typically 25 ms of no activity. After this time, the NCT203 resets the SDA line back to its idle state (high impedance) and waits for the next start condition. However, this feature is not enabled by default. Bit 7 of the consecutive alert register (Address = 0x22) should be set to enable it. mode, the master overrides the acknowledge bit by pulling the data line high during the low period before the ninth clock pulse. This is known as no acknowledge. The master takes the data line low during the low period before the tenth clock pulse, then high during the tenth clock pulse to assert a stop condition. To write data to one of the device data registers, or to read data from it, the address pointer register must be set so that the correct data register is addressed. The first byte of a write operation always contains a valid address that is stored in the address pointer register. If data is to be written to the device, the write operation contains a second data byte that is written to the register selected by the address pointer register. This procedure is illustrated in Figure 4. The device address is sent over the bus followed by R/W set to 0. Thisis followed by two data bytes. The first data byte is the address of the internal data register to be written to, which is stored in the address pointer register. The second data byte is the data to be written to the internal data register. When reading data from a register there are two possibilities. • If the address pointer register value of the NCT203 is unknown or not the desired value, it is first necessary to set it to the correct value before data can be read from the desired data register. This is done by writing to the NCT203 as before, but only the data byte containing the register read address is sent, because data is not to be written to the register see Figure 4. A read operation is then performed consisting of the serial bus address, R/W bit set to 1, followed by the data byte read from the data register see Figure 6. • If the address pointer register is known to be at the desired address, data can be read from the corresponding data register without first writing to the address pointer register and the bus transaction shown in Figure 5 can be omitted. Addressing the Device In general, every I2C device has a 7−bit device address, except for some devices that have extended 10−bit addresses. When the master device sends a device address over the bus, the slave device with that address responds. The NCT203 is available with one device address, 0x4C. For systems requiring more than one NCT203, another address option will be required. Please contact your local ON Semiconductor representative for more information. The serial bus protocol operates as follows: 1. The master initiates data transfer by establishing a start condition, defined as a high to low transition on the serial data line SDA, while the serial clock line SCL remains high. This indicates that an address/data stream is going to follow. All slave peripherals connected to the serial bus respond to the start condition and shift in the next eight bits, consisting of a 7−bit address (MSB first) plus a read/write (R/W) bit, which deternimes the direction of the data transfer i.e. whether data is written to, or read from, the slave device. The peripheral with the address corresponding to the transmitted address responds by pulling the data line low during the low period before the ninth clock pulse, known as the acknowledge bit. All other devices on the bus now remain idle while the selected device waits for data to be read from or written to it. If the R/W bit is a zero then the master writes to the slave device. If the R/W bit is a one then the master reads from the slave device. 2. Data is sent over the serial bus in sequences of nine clock pulses, eight bits of data followed by an acknowledge bit from the receiver of data. Transitions on the data line must occur during the low period of the clock signal and remain stable during the high period, since a low−to−high transition when the clock is high can be interpreted as a stop signal. 3. When all data bytes have been read or written, stop conditions are established. In write mode, the master pulls the data line high during the tenth clock pulse to assert a stop condition. In read Notes: • It is possible to read a data byte from a data register • without first writing to the address pointer register. However, if the address pointer register is already at the correct value, it is not possible to write data to a register without writing to the address pointer register because the first data byte of a write is always written to the address pointer register. Some of the registers have different addresses for read and write operations. The write address of a register must be written to the address pointer if data is to be written to that register, but it may not be possible to read data from that address. The read address of a register must be written to the address pointer before data can be read from that register. http://onsemi.com 9 NCT203 1 9 1 9 SCL SDA A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 R/W START BY MASTER D6 D5 ACK. BY NCT203 FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 STOP BY MASTER ACK. BY NCT203 FRAME 2 ADDRESS POINTER REGISTER BYTE Figure 4. Writing to the Address Pointer Register 1 9 1 9 SCL SDA A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 R/W D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK. BY NCT203 START BY MASTER FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE ACK. BY NCT203 FRAME 2 ADDRESS POINTER REGISTER BYTE 1 9 SCL (CONTINUED) D7 SDA (CONTINUED) D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK. BY NCT203 FRAME 3 DATA BYTE STOP BY MASTER Figure 5. Writing a Register Address to the Address Pointer Register, then Writing a Single Byte of Data to a Register 1 9 1 9 SCL SDA START BY MASTER A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 R/W D6 ACK. BY NCT203 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 FRAME 2 DATA BYTE FROM REGISTER FRAME 1 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS BYTE D0 NO ACK. BY MASTER STOP BY MASTER Figure 6. Reading a Byte of Data from a Register ALERT Output MASTER RECEIVES SMBALERT This is applicable when Pin 6 is configured as an ALERT output. The ALERT output goes low whenever an out−of−limit measurement is detected. It is an open−drain output and requires a pullup resistor to VDD. Several ALERT outputs can be wire−OR’ed together, so that the common line goes low if one or more of the ALERT outputs goes low. The ALERT output can be used as an interrupt signal to a processor, or as an SMBALERT. Slave devices on the bus cannot normally signal to the bus master that they want to talk, but the SMBALERT function allows them to do so. One or more ALERT outputs can be connected to a common SMBALERT line that is connected to the master. When the SMBALERT line is pulled low by one of the devices, the following procedure occurs (see Figure 7): START ALERT RESPONSE ADDRESS MASTER SENDS ARA AND READ COMMAND RD ACK DEVICE ADDRESS NO STOP ACK DEVICE SENDS ITS ADDRESS Figure 7. Use of SMBALERT 1. SMBALERT is pulled low. 2. Master initiates a read operation and sends the alert response address (ARA = 0001 100). This is a general call address that must not be used as a specific device address. 3. The device whose ALERT output is low responds to the alert response address and the master reads its device address. As the device address is seven bits, an LSB of 1 is added. The address of the device is now known and it can be interrogated in the usual way. 4. If more than one device’s ALERT output is low, the one with the lowest device address takes http://onsemi.com 10 NCT203 where the temperature hovers around the THERM limit, and the fan is constantly switched. priority, in accordance with normal bus arbitration. Once the NCT203 has responded to the alert response address, it resets its ALERT output, provided that the error condition that caused the ALERT no longer exists. If the SMBALERT line remains low, the master sends the ARA again, and so on until all devices whose ALERT outputs were low have responded. Table 11. THERM HYSTERESIS Low Power Standby Mode THERM Hysteresis Binary Representation 0°C 0 000 0000 1°C 0 000 0001 10°C 0 000 1010 Figure 8 shows how the THERM and ALERT outputs operate. The ALERT output can be used as a SMBALERT to signal to the host via the I2C that the temperature has risen. The user can use the THERM output to turn on a fan to cool the system, if the temperature continues to increase. This method ensures that there is a fail−safe mechanism to cool the system, without the need for host intervention. The NCT203 can be put into low power standby mode by setting Bit 6 of the configuration register. When Bit 6 is low, the NCT203 operates normally. When Bit 6 is high, the ADC is inhibited, and any conversion in progress is terminated without writing the result to the corresponding value register. However, the I2C is still enabled. Power consumption in the standby mode is reduced to 15 mA if there is no bus activity. When the device is in standby mode, it is possible to initiate a one−shot conversion by writing to the one−shot register (Address 0x0F), after which the device returns to standby. It does not matter what is written to the one−shot register, all data written to it is ignored. It is also possible to write new values to the limit register while in standby mode. If the value stored in the temperature value register is outside the new limits, an ALERT is generated, even though the NCT203 is still in standby. TEMPERATURE 1005C 905C THERM LIMIT 805C THERM LIMIT − HYSTERESIS 705C HIGH TEMP LIMIT 605C 505C 405C RESET BY MASTER ALERT The NCT203 Interrupt System 1 4 THERM The NCT203 has two interrupt outputs, ALERT and THERM. Both have different functions and behavior. ALERT is maskable and responds to violations of software programmed temperature limits. THERM is intended as a fail−safe interrupt output that cannot be masked. If the temperature exceeds the programmed high temperature limits, or equals or exceeds the low temperature limits, the ALERT output is asserted low. ALERT is reset when serviced by a master reading its device address, provided the error condition has gone away and the status register has been reset. The THERM output asserts low if the temperature exceeds the programmed THERM limits. THERM temperature limits should normally be equal to or greater than the high temperature limits. THERM is reset automatically when the temperature falls back within the THERM limit. A hysteresis value can be programmed; in which case, THERM resets when the temperature falls to the limit value minus the hysteresis value. The power−on hysteresis default value is 10°C, but this can be reprogrammed to any value after powerup. The hysteresis loop on the THERM outputs is useful when THERM is used, for example, as an on/off controller for a fan. The user’s system can be set up so that when THERM asserts, a fan is switched on to cool the system. When THERM goes high again, the fan can be switched off. Programming a hysteresis value protects from fan jitter, 2 3 Figure 8. Operation of the ALERT and THERM Interrupts • If the measured temperature exceeds the high temperature limit, the ALERT output asserts low. • If the temperature continues to increase and exceeds the THERM limit, the THERM output asserts low. This can be used to throttle the CPU clock or switch on a fan. • The THERM output deasserts (goes high) when the temperature falls to THERM limit minus hysteresis. The default hysteresis value is 10°C. • The ALERT output deasserts only when the temperature has fallen below the high temperature limit, and the master has read the device address and cleared the status register. • Pin 6 on the NCT203 can be configured as either an ALERT output or as an additional THERM output. • THERM2 asserts low when the temperature exceeds the programmed high temperature limits. It is reset in the same manner as THERM and is not maskable. • The programmed hysteresis value also applies to THERM2. Figure 9 shows how THERM and THERM2 operate together to implement two methods of cooling the system. http://onsemi.com 11 NCT203 • When the THERM2 limit is exceeded, the THERM2 In this example, the THERM2 limits are set lower than the THERM limits. The THERM2 output is used to turn on a fan. If the temperature continues to rise and exceeds the THERM limits, the THERM output provides additional cooling by throttling the CPU. • • TEMPERATURE 905C THERM LIMIT • 805C 705C 605C THERM2 LIMIT 505C Power Supply Rise Time 405C When powering up the NCT203 you must ensure that the power supply voltage rises above 1.32 in less than 5 ms. If a rise time of longer than this occurs then power-on-reset will be caused and yield unpredictable results. 305C THERM2 THERM signal asserts low. If the temperature continues to increase and exceeds the THERM limit, the THERM output asserts low. The THERM output deasserts (goes high) when the temperature falls to THERM limit minus hysteresis. In Figure 9, there is no hysteresis value shown. As the system cools further, and the temperature falls below the THERM2 limit, the THERM2 signal resets. Again, no hysteresis value is shown for THERM2. 1 4 2 3 Figure 9. Operation of the THERM and THERM2 Interrupts http://onsemi.com 12 NCT203 Table 12. ORDERING INFORMATION Device Number NCT203MTR2G Package Shipping† DFN8 (Pb−Free) 3000 / Tape and Reel †For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D. PACKAGE DIMENSIONS WDFN8 2x1.8, 0.5P CASE 511BU ISSUE O D PIN ONE REFERENCE 2X 0.10 C 2X ÍÍ ÍÍ ÍÍ 0.10 C L A B L1 DETAIL A E ALTERNATE TERMINAL CONSTRUCTIONS EXPOSED Cu DETAIL B A NOTE 4 MOLD CMPD DETAIL B ALTERNATE CONSTRUCTIONS A1 A3 SIDE VIEW e/2 C SEATING PLANE e 7X 4 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 0.70 0.80 0.00 0.05 0.20 REF 0.20 0.30 2.00 BSC 1.80 BSC 0.50 BSC 0.45 0.55 --0.15 0.55 0.65 RECOMMENDED SOLDERING FOOTPRINT* 7X DETAIL A 1 DIM A A1 A3 b D E e L L1 L2 ÉÉÉ ÉÉÉ TOP VIEW 0.10 C 0.08 C NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS. 3. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO PLATED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.15 AND 0.20 MM FROM TERMINAL TIP. 4. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED PAD AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS. L PACKAGE OUTLINE 0.73 L L2 2.10 8 5 BOTTOM VIEW 8X 0.83 b 0.10 M C A 0.05 M C 1 B 8X 0.32 NOTE 3 0.50 PITCH DIMENSIONS: MILLIMETERS *For additional information on our Pb−Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D. ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent−Marking.pdf. SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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