SLDM-12D1Ax
Non-Isolated DC-DC Converter
The SLDM-12D1Ax power modules are non-isolated dc-dc
converters that can deliver up to 12 A of output current. These
modules operate over a wide range of input voltage (VIN = 3 Vdc14.4 Vdc) and provide a precisely regulated output voltage from 0.45
Vdc to 5.5 Vdc, programmable via an external resistor and PMBus
control.
Features include a digital interface using the PMBus protocol,
remote On/Off, adjustable output voltage, over current and over
temperature protection. The PMBus interface supports a range of
commands to both control and monitor the module.
The module also includes the Tunable LoopTM feature that allows the
user to optimize the dynamic response of the converter to match the
load with reduced amount of output capacitance leading to savings
on cost and PWB area.
Key Features & Benefits
3-14.4 VDC Input / 0.45-5.5 VDC @ 12 A Output
Non-Isolated
DOSA approved footprint
Wide Input Voltage Range(3Vdc-14.4Vdc)
Power Good Signal
Remote On/Off
Output Over Current Protection (non-latching)
Small size: 20.32 mm x 11.43 mm x 2.8 mm (Max)(0.8 in x 0.45 in x 0.11
in)
Ultra low height design for very dense power applications.
Output voltage programmable from 0.6Vdc to 5.5Vdc via external
resistor.
Digitally adjustable down to 0.45Vdc
Digital interface through the PMBusTM protocol
Ability to Sink and Source Current
Cost Efficient Open Frame Design
Over Temperature Protection
Tunable LoopTM to Optimize Dynamic output voltage response
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2
Key Features & Benefits (Continued)
Compliant to RoHS II EU “Directive 2011/65/EU”
Compliant to REACH Directive (EC) No 1907/2006
Compatible in a Pb-free or SnPb reflow environment
Flexible output voltage sequencing EZ-SEQUENCE
Output overcurrent protection (non-latching)
Wide operating temperature range [-40°C to 105°C]
ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certified manufacturing facilities
Class 2, Category 2, Non-Isolated DC/DC Converter (refer to IPC-9592A)
Compliant to RoHS II EU “Directive 2011/65/EU”
Compliant to REACH Directive (EC) No 1907/2006
Compatible in a Pb-free or SnPb reflow environment
UL 60950-1Recognized, CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1-03 Certified
VDE 0805:2001-12 (EN60950-1) Licensed
Applications
Distributed power architectures
Intermediate bus voltage applications
Telecommunications equipment
Servers and storage applications
Networking equipment
Industrial equipmen
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SLDM-12D1Ax
1.
3
MODEL SELECTION
MODEL
NUMBER
SLDM-12D1A0
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
0.45-5.5 VDC
INPUT
VOLTAGE
3-14.4 VDC
MAX. OUTPUT
CURRENT
12 A
SLDM-12D1AL
0.45-5.5 VDC
3-14.4 VDC
12 A
MAX. OUTPUT
POWER
66 W
TYPICAL EFFICIENCY
92%
66 W
92%
NOTE: 1. Add “R” suffix at the end of the model number to indicate tape and reel packaging (Standard).
2. Add “G” suffix at the end of the model number to indicate tray packaging (Option).
PART NUMBER EXPLANATION
S
Mounting Type
Surface mount
LDM
-
RoHS
Status
Series
code
12
D
1A
Output
Current
Wide input
voltage range
Output
Voltage
With
sequencing
12 A
3-14.4 V
x
Y
Enable
Package Type
L – active Low
0 –active High
G – Tray package
R –tape and reel packaging
2. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PARAMETER
DESCRIPTION
Continuous non-operating Input Voltage
Voltage on SEQ SYNC VS+
Voltage on CLK DATA SMBALERT
terminal
Ambient temperature
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
-0.3
-
15
V
See Thermal Considerations section
Storage Temperature
Altitude
-
-
7
V
-
-
3.6
V
-40
-
105
C
-55
-
125
C
-
-
2000
m
NOTE: Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are absolute stress
ratings only, functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operations
sections of the data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods can adversely affect the device reliability.
3. INPUT SPECIFICATIONS
All specifications are typical at 25°C unless otherwise stated.
PARAMETER
DESCRIPTION
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
3
-
14.4
V
-
52
220
20
10
-
A
mA
mA
mA
-
50
-
mA
Operating Input Voltage
Input Current (full load)
Input Current (no load)
VIN=3V to 14.4V
Vo=0.6V
Vo=5V
Input Stand-by Current
Input Reflected Ripple Current (pk-pk)
VIN = 12Vdc, IO = 0, module enabled
VIN = 12.0Vdc, module disabled
1. 5Hz to 20MHz, 1μH source impedance; VIN
=0 to 14V, IO= IOmax
2. See Test Configurations
I2t Inrush Current Transient
-
-
1
A2s
Input Ripple Rejection (120Hz)
-
-55
-
dB
CAUTION: This converter is not internally fused. An input line fuse must be used in application.
This power module can be used in a wide variety of applications, ranging from simple standalone operation to an integrated part of
sophisticated power architecture. To preserve maximum flexibility, internal fusing is not included; however, to achieve maximum safety and
system protection, always use an input line fuse. The safety agencies require a fast-acting fuse with a maximum rating of 6A. Based on the
information provided in this data sheet on inrush energy and maximum dc input current, the same type of fuse with a lower rating can be used.
Refer to the fuse manufacturer’s data sheet for further information.
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions.
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4
4. OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS
All specifications are typical at nominal input, full load at 25°C unless otherwise stated.
PARAMETER
DESCRIPTION
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
-1.0
-
1.0
%Vo,set
-0.3
-
0.3
%Vo,set
PMBus Adjustable Output Voltage Range
-25
0
25
%Vo,set
PMBus Output Voltage Adjustment Step
Size
0.4
-
-
%Vo,set
0.6
-
5.5
V
-
-
0.5
V
with 0.1% tolerance for external resistor used
to set output voltage
Over all operating input voltage, resistive
load, and temperature conditions until end of
life
Output Voltage Set Point
Output Voltage
Some output voltages may not be possible
depending on the input voltage – see Feature
Descriptions Section
Adjustment Range
Remote Sense Range
Load Regulation
VO ≥ 2.5V
VO < 2.5V
IO=IO, min to IO, max
-
-
10
10
mV
mV
Line Regulation
VO ≥ 2.5V
VO < 2.5V
VIN=VIN, min to VIN, max
-
-
0.4
5
%Vo,set
mV
Temperature Regulation
T ref=T A, min to T A, max
-
-
0.4
%Vo,set
Ripple and Noise(Pk-Pk)
-
50
100
mV
Ripple and Noise(RMS)
5Hz to 20MHz BW, VIN=VIN, nom and IO =IO,
min to IO, max Co = 0.1uF // 22 uF ceramic
capacitors)
-
20
38
mV
Output Current Range
in either sink or source mode
0
-
12
A
Output Current Limit Inception
Current limit does not operate in sink mode
-
130
-
%Io,max
Output Short-Circuit Current
Vo≤250mV, Hiccup Mode
Output Capacitance
Without the Tunable Loop TM
With the Tunable LoopTM
With the Tunable LoopTM
Case 1: On/Off input is enabled and then
input power is applied(delay from instant at
which VIN = VIN, min until Vo = 10% of Vo,
set)
Case 2: Input power is applied for at least
one second and then the On/Off input is
enabled (delay from instant at which Von/Off
is enabled until Vo = 10% of Vo, set)
time for Vo to rise from 10% of Vo, set to
90% of Vo, set
TA = 25°C VIN= VIN, min to VIN, max,IO =
IO, min to IO, max
ESR≥ 1 mΩ
ESR≥0.15 mΩ
ESR≥ 10 mΩ
Turn-On Delay Times
(VIN=VIN, nom, IO=IO, max , VO to within
±1% of steady state)
Output voltage Rise time
Output voltage overshoot With or without
maximum external capacitance
-
1.5
-
Arms
2x47
2x47
2x47
-
2x47
1000
10000
uF
uF
uF
-
0.9
-
ms
-
0.8
-
ms
-
2
-
ms
-
-
3
% VO,set
Notes: 1. Some output voltages may not be possible depending on the input voltage.
2. External capacitors may require using the new Tunable Loop TM feature to ensure that the module is stable as well as getting the best
transient response (See the Tunable LoopTM section for details).
3. Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions.
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5
5. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER
Efficiency
DESCRIPTION
Vo=0.6V
Vo=1.2V
Vo=1.8V
Vo=2.5V
Vo=3.3V
Vo=5.0V
Vin= 12Vdc, Ta=25°C
Io=Io, max , Vo= Vo,set
Switching Frequency
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
-
76.4
86.0
89.9
92.2
93.6
95.4
-
%
-
600
-
kHz
Synchronization Frequency Range
510
-
720
kHz
High-Level Input Voltage
2.0
-
-
V
Low-Level Input Voltage
-
-
0.4
V
nA
-
-
100
Minimum Pulse Width, SYNC
Input Current, SYNC
100
-
-
ns
Maximum SYNC rise time
100
-
-
ns
-
130
-
℃
-
120
-
℃
2.5
-
14
V
-
-
500
mV
2.475
2.25
-
0.25
3.025
2.75
-
V
V
V
-
-
100
100
mV
mV
-
108
110
92
90
-
50
5
%Vo,set
%Vo,set
%Vo,set
%Vo,set
Ω
mA
-
1.1
-
g
Over Temperature Protection
PMBus Over Temperature Warning
Threshold
PMBus Adjustable Input Under Voltage
Lockout Thresholds
Resolution of Adjustable Input Under
Voltage Threshold
Input Undervoltage Lockout
Turn-on Threshold
Turn-off Threshold
Hysteresis
Tracking Accuracy
Power-Up: 2V/ms
Power-Down: 2V/ms
PGOOD (Power Good)
Overvoltage threshold for PGOOD ON
Overvoltage threshold for PGOOD OFF
Undervoltage threshold for PGOOD ON
Undervoltage threshold for PGOOD OFF
Pulldown resistance of PGOOD pin
Sink current capability into PGOOD pin
Vin, min to Vin, max; Io, min to Io, max,
Vseq < Vo
Signal Interface Open Drain, Vsupply
5Vdc
Weight
0.04oz
MTBF
Calculated MTBF (IO=0.8IO, max,
TA=40°C) Telecordia Issue 2 Method 1
Case 3
Dimensions
Inches (L × W × H)
Millimeters (L × W × H)
15,223,204
hours
0. 8 x 0.45 x 0.11
20.32 x 11.43x 2.8
Inches
Millimeters
Note: Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions.
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6
6. DIGITAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER
DESCRIPTION
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
Input High Voltage (CLK, DATA)
2.1
-
3.6
V
Input Low Voltage (CLK, DATA)
-
-
0.8
V
Input high level current (CLK, DATA)
-10
-
10
uA
Input low level current (CLK, DATA)
-10
-
10
uA
Iout =2mA
-
-
0.4
V
Vout =3.6V
0
-
10
uA
-
0.7
-
pF
PMBus Operating frequency range
10
-
400
kHZ
Data setup time
250
-
-
ns
0
300
-
-
ns
153
192
231
us
0
-
18
A
PMBus Signal Interface Characteristics
Output Low Voltage
(CLK, DATA, SMBALERT#)
Output high level open drain leakage
current (DATA, SMBALERT#)
Pin capacitance
Data hold time
Receive Mode
Transmit Mode
Measurement System Characteristics
Read delay time
Output current measurement range
Output current measurement resolution
62.5
-
-
mA
Output current measurement gain
accuracy
-
-
±5
%
Output current measurement offset
-
-
0.1
A
VOUT measurement range
0
-
5.5
V
VOUT measurement resolution
-
15.625
-
mA
VOUT measurement gain accuracy
-15
-
15
%
VOUT measurement offset
-3
-
3
%
VIN measurement range
3
-
14.4
V
VIN measurement resolution
-
32.5
-
mV
VIN measurement gain accuracy
-15
-
15
%
VIN measurement offset
-5.5
-
1.4
LSB
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7
EFFICIENCY, (%)
EFFICIENCY, (%)
7. EFFICIENCY DATA
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
Vo=1.2V
EFFICIENCY, (%)
EFFICIENCY, (%))
Vo=0.6V
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
Vo=2.5V
EFFICIENCY, (%)
EFFICIENCY, (%))
Vo=1.8V
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A)
Vo=3.3V
Vo=5.0V
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OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A)
OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A)
8. THERMAL DERATING CURVE
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA OC
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA OC
Vo=1.2V
OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A)
OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A)
Vo=0.6V
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA OC
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA OC
Vo=2.5V
OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A)
OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A)
Vo=1.8V
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA OC
Vo=3.3V
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA OC
Vo=5.0V
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OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (50mV/div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (50mV/div)
9. RIPPLE AND NOISE WAVEFORMS
TIME, t (500ns/div)
TIME, t (500ns/div)
Vo=1.2V, Io = Io,max
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (20mV/div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (50mV/div)
Vo=0.6V, Io = Io,max
TIME, t (500ns/div)
TIME, t (500ns/div)
Vo=2.5V, Io = Io,max
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (50mV/div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (50mV/div)
Vo=1.8V, Io = Io,max
TIME, t (500ns/div)
TIME, t (500ns/div)
Vo=3.3V, Io = Io,max
Vo=5.0V, Io = Io,max
Notes: CO=2x47μF ceramic, VIN = 12V
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OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (20mV/div)
OUTPUT CURRENT,
IO (A) (5Adiv)
OUTPUT CURRENT,
IO (A) (5Adiv)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (10mV/div)
10. TRANSIENT RESPONSE WAVEFORMS
TIME, t (20s /div)
TIME, t (20s /div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (50mV/div)
Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from 50% to
100% at 12Vin, Cout=3x47uF + 3x330uF, CTune=12nF,
RTune=220. Vo=1.2V
OUTPUT CURRENT,
IO (A) (5Adiv)
OUTPUT CURRENT,
IO (A) (5Adiv)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (20mV/div)
Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from 50% to
100% at 12Vin, Cout=1x47uF + 11x330uF, CTune=47nF,
RTune=180. Vo=0.6V
TIME, t (20s /div)
TIME, t (20s /div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (50mV/div)
Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from 50% to
100% at 12Vin, Cout=2x47uF+ 1x330uF ,CTune=3300pF,
RTune=240. Vo=2.5V
OUTPUT CURRENT,
IO (A) (5Adiv)
OUTPUT CURRENT,
IO (A) (5Adiv)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (50mV/div)
Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from 50% to
100% at 12Vin, Cout= 2x47uF + 2x330uF, CTune=5600pF,
RTune=220. Vo=1.8V
TIME, t (20s /div)
Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from 50% to
100% at 12Vin, Cout= 2x47uF+ 1x330uF ,CTune=2700pF,
RTune=300. Vo=3.3V
TIME, t (20s /div)
Transient Response to Dynamic Load Change from 50% to 100% at
12Vin, Cout=2x47uF,CTune=2200pF, RTune=300. Vo=5.0V
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ON/OFF VOLTAGE
VON/OFF (V) (5V/div)
ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VON/OFF (V) (5V/div)
VO (V) (500mV/div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (200mV/div)
11. STARTUP TIME
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max), Vo=1.2V
ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VON/OFF (V) (5V/div) VO (V) (500mV/div)
ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VON/OFF (V) (5V/div)
VO (V) (1V/div)
Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max), Vo=0.6V
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max), Vo=2.5V
ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VON/OFF (V) (5V/div)
VO (V) (2V/div)
ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VON/OFF (V) (5V/div)
VO (V) (1V/div)
Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max), Vo=1.8V
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max), Vo=3.3V
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
Start-up Using On/Off Voltage (Io = Io,max), Vo=5.0V
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ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
Vin(V) (5V/div)
VO (V) (200mV/div)
ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
Vin (V) (5V/div)
VO (V) (500mV/div)
STARTUP TIME(CONTINUED)
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max ),
Vo=1.2V
INPUT VOLTAGE
Vin(V) (5V/div)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VO (V) (1V/div)
ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
Vin (V) (5V/div) VO (V) (500mV/div)
Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max ),
Vo=0.6V
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max ),
Vo=2.5V
ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
Vin (V) (5V/div)
VO (V) (2V/div)
ON/OFF VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
Vin (V) (5V/div)
VO (V) (1V/div)
Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max ),
Vo=1.8V
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max ),
Vo=3.3V
TIME, t (2 ms/div)
Start-up Using Input Voltage (VIN = 12V, Io = Io,max ),
Vo=5.0V
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12. INPUT FILTERING
The SLDM-12D1Ax module should be connected to a low ac-impedance source. A highly inductive source can affect the stability of the module.
An input capacitance must be placed directly adjacent to the input pin of the module, to minimize input ripple voltage and ensure module stability.
To minimize input voltage ripple, ceramic capacitors are recommended at the input of the module. Figure 37 shows the input ripple voltage for
various output voltages at 12A of load current with 1x22 µF or 2x22 µF ceramic capacitors and an input of 12V.
Figure 37
.
450
1x22uF
400
2x22 uF
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Note: Input ripple voltage for various output voltages with 2x22 µF or 3x22 µF ceramic capacitors at the input (12A load). Input voltage
is 12V.
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14
13. OUTPUT FILTERING
These modules are designed for low output ripple voltage and will meet the maximum output ripple specification with 3x0.047 µF ceramic and 2x47
µF ceramic capacitors at the output of the module. However, additional output filtering may be required by the system designer for a number of
reasons. First, there may be a need to further reduce the output ripple and noise of the module. Second, the dynamic response characteristics
may need to be customized to a particular load step change.
To reduce the output ripple and improve the dynamic response to a step load change, additional capacitance at the output can be used. Low ESR
polymer and ceramic capacitors are recommended to improve the dynamic response of the module. Figure 38 provides output ripple information,
measured with a scope with its Bandwidth limited to 20MHz for different external capacitance values at various Vo and a full load current of 12A.
For stable operation of the module, limit the capacitance to less than the maximum output capacitance as specified in the electrical specification
table. Optimal performance of the module can be achieved by using the Tunable LoopTM feature described later in this data sheet.
Figure 38
40
2x47uF Ext Cap
4x47uF Ext Cap
Ripple (mVp-p)
6x47uF Ext Cap
30
8x47uF Ext Cap
20
10
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Output Voltage(Volts)
Note: Output ripple voltage for various output voltages with external 2x47 µF, 4x47 µF, 6x47 µF or 8x47 µF ceramic capacitors at the
output (12A load). Input voltage is 12V.
14. SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
For safety agency approval the power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the enduse safety agency standards, i.e., UL 60950-1 2nd, CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1-07, DIN EN 60950-1:2006 + A11 (VDE0805 Teil 1 +
A11):2009-11; EN 60950-1:2006 + A11:2009-03.
For the converter output to be considered meeting the requirements of safety extra-low voltage (SELV), the input must meet SELV
requirements. The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV.
The input to these units is to be provided with a fast acting fuse (for example, Bel Fuse SMM series) with a maximum rating of 20 A in
the positive input lead.
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15. REMOTE ON/OFF
PARAMETER
DESCRIPTION
Signal Low (Unit On)
Active Low
Active High
TYP
MAX
UNIT
-0.2
-
0.6
V
-
-
1
V
-
-
2
V
2.0
-
Vin,max
V
The remote on/off pin open, Unit on.
Signal High (Unit Off)
Signal Low (Unit Off)
MIN
The remote on/off pin open, Unit on.
Signal High (Unit On)
The module can be turned ON and OFF either by using the ON/OFF pin (Analog interface) or through the PMBus interface (Digital). The module
can be configured in a number of ways through the PMBus interface to react to the two ON/OFF inputs:
Module ON/OFF can be controlled only through the analog interface (digital interface ON/OFF commands are ignored)
Module ON/OFF can be controlled only through the PMBus interface (analog interface is ignored)
Module ON/OFF can be controlled by either the analog or digital interface
The default state of the module (as shipped from the factory) is to be controlled by the analog interface only. If the digital interface is to be
enabled, or the module is to be controlled only through the digital interface, this change must be made through the PMBus. These changes can
be made and written to non-volatile memory on the module so that it is remembered for subsequent use.
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16. ANALOG ON/OFF
The SLDM-12D1Ax power modules feature an On/Off pin for remote On/Off operation. Two On/Off logic options are available. In the Positive
Logic On/Off option, (device code suffix “0” – see Ordering Information), the module turns ON during a logic High on the On/Off pin and turns
OFF during a logic Low. With the Negative Logic On/Off option, (device code suffix “L” – see Ordering Information), the module turns OFF during
logic High and ON during logic Low. The On/Off signal should be always referenced to ground. For either On/Off logic option, leaving the On/Off
pin disconnected will turn the module ON when input voltage is present.
For positive logic modules, the circuit configuration for using the On/Off pin is shown in Figure 39. When the external transistor Q2 is in the OFF
state, the internal transistor Q7 is turned ON, which turn Q3 OFF which keeps Q6 OFF and Q5 OFF. This allows the internal PWM #Enable
signal to be pulled up by the internal 3.3V, thus turning the module ON. When transistor Q2 is turned ON, the On/Off pin is pulled low, which
turns Q7 OFF which turns Q3, Q6 and Q5 ON and the internal PWM #Enable signal is pulled low and the module is OFF. A suggested value for
Rpullup is 20k.
For negative logic On/Off modules, the circuit configuration is shown in Fig. 40. The On/Off pin should be pulled high with an external pull-up
resistor (suggested value for the 3V to 14V input range is 20Kohms). When transistor Q2 is in the OFF state, the On/Off pin is pulled high,
transistor Q3 is turned ON. This turns Q6 ON, followed by Q5 turning ON which pulls the internal ENABLE low and the module is OFF. To turn
the module ON, Q2 is turned ON pulling the On/Off pin low, turning transistor Q3 OFF, which keeps Q6 and Q5 OFF resulting in the PWM Enable
pin going high.
Figure 39
3.3V
Module
+VIN
ENABLE
VIN
Rpullup
I
100pF
20K
ON/OFF
47K
470
20K
20K
Q7
+
Q2
Q3
20K
Q6
4.7K
100K
20K
Q5
20K
2K
20K
20K
V
ON/OFF
_
GND
Circuit configuration for using positive On/Off logic
Figure 40
Module
3.3V
+VIN
ENABLE
Rpullup
I
100pF
ON/OFF
20K
Q3
+
Q2
V
ON/OFF
_
47K
470
20K
Q6
4.7K
100K
Q5
20K
2K
20K
GND
Circuit configuration for using negative On/Off logic
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17. DIGITAL ON/OFF
Please see the Digital Feature Descriptions section.
18. MONOTONIC START-UP AND SHUTDOWN
The SLDM-12D1Ax module has monotonic start-up and shutdown behavior for any combination of rated input voltage, output current and
operating temperature range.
19. STARTUP INTO PRE-BIASED OUTPUT
The SLDM-12D1Ax module can start into a prebiased output as long as the prebias voltage is 0.5V less than the set output voltage.
20. OUTPUT VOLTAGE PROGRAMMING
The output voltage of the module is programmable to any voltage from 0.6Vdc to 5.5Vdc by connecting a resistor between the Trim and
SIG_GND pins of the module. Certain restrictions apply on the output voltage set point depending on the input voltage. These are shown in the
Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage Set Point Area plot in Fig. 41. The Upper Limit curve shows that for output voltages lower than 1V, the input
voltage must be lower than the maximum of 14.4V. The Lower Limit curve shows that for output voltages higher than 0.6V, the input voltage
needs to be larger than the minimum of 3V.
Figure 41
16
Input Voltage (v)
14
12
Upper
10
8
6
4
Lower
2
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
Output Voltage (V)
Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage Set Point Area plot showing limits where the output voltage can be set for different input voltages.
Figure 42
VIN(+)
VO(+)
VS+
ON/OFF
LOAD
TRIM
Rtrim
SIG_GND
VS─
Circuit configuration for programming output voltage using an external resistor.
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21. OUTPUT TRIM EQUATIONS
Without an external resistor between Trim and SIG_GND pins, the output of the module will be 0.6Vdc.To calculate the value of the trim resistor,
Rtrim for a desired output voltage, should be as per the following equation:
12
Rtrim
k
Vo
0
.
6
Rtrim is the external resistor in KΩ
Vo is the desired output voltage.
Table 1 provides Rtrim values required for some common output voltages.
Table 1
VO, set (V)
Rtrim (KΩ)
0.6
Open
0.9
40
1.0
30
1.2
20
1.5
13.33
1.8
10
2.5
6.316
3.3
4.444
5.0
2.727
By using a ±0.5% tolerance trim resistor with a TC of ±100ppm, a set point tolerance of ±1.5% can be achieved as specified in the electrical
specification.
22. DIGITAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTMENT
Please see the Digital Feature Descriptions section.
23. REMOTE SENSE
The SLDM-12D1Ax power modules has a Remote Sense feature to minimize the effects of distribution losses by regulating the voltage between
the sense pins (VS+ and VS-). The voltage drop between the sense pins and the VOUT and GND pins of the module should not exceed 0.5V.
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24. VOLTAGE MARGINING
Output voltage margining can be implemented in the SLDM-12D1Ax modules by connecting a resistor, Rmargin-up, from the Trim pin to the
ground pin for margining-up the output voltage and by connecting a resistor, Rmargin-down, from the Trim pin to output pin for margining-down.
Figure 43 shows the circuit configuration for output voltage margining. Please consult your local Bel Power technical representative for additional
details.
Figure 43
Vo
Rmargin-down
MODULE
Q2
Trim
Rmargin-up
Rtrim
Q1
SIG_GND
Circuit Configuration for margining Output voltage
25. DIGITAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE MARGINING
Please see the Digital Feature Descriptions section.
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26. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SEQUENCING
The SLDM-12D1Ax module includes a sequencing feature, EZ-SEQUENCE that enables users to implement various types of output voltage
sequencing in their applications. This is accomplished via an additional sequencing pin. When not using the sequencing feature, leave it
unconnected.
The voltage applied to the SEQ pin should be scaled down by the same ratio as used to scale the output voltage down to the reference voltage of
the module. This is accomplished by an external resistive divider connected across the sequencing voltage before it is fed to the SEQ pin as
shown in Fig. 44. In addition, a small capacitor (suggested value 100pF) should be connected across the lower resistor R1.
For SLDM-12D1Ax modules, the minimum recommended delay between the ON/OFF signal and the sequencing signal is 10ms to ensure that
the module output is ramped up according to the sequencing signal. This ensures that the module soft-start routine is completed before the
sequencing signal is allowed to ramp up.
Figure 44
DLynx Module
V
SEQ
20K
SEQ
R1=Rtrim
100 pF
SIG_GND
Circuit showing connection of the sequencing signal to the SEQ pin
When the scaled down sequencing voltage is applied to the SEQ pin, the output voltage tracks this voltage until the output reaches the set-point
voltage. The final value of the sequencing voltage must be set higher than the set-point voltage of the module. The output voltage follows the
sequencing voltage on a one-to-one basis. By connecting multiple modules together, multiple modules can track their output voltages to the
voltage applied on the SEQ pin.
To initiate simultaneous shutdown of the modules, the SEQ pin voltage is lowered in a controlled manner. The output voltage of the modules
tracks the voltages below their set-point voltages on a one-to-one basis. A valid input voltage must be maintained until the tracking and output
voltages reach ground potential.
Note that in all of modules, the PMBus Output Undervoltage Fault will be tripped when sequencing is employed. This will be detected using the
STATUS_WORD and STATUS_VOUT PMBus commands. In addition, the SMBALERT# signal will be asserted low as occurs for all faults and
warnings. To avoid the module shutting down due to the Output Undervoltage Fault, the module must be set to continue operation without
interruption as the response to this fault (see the description of the PMBus command VOUT_UV_FAULT_RESPONSE for additional information).
27. OVERCURRENT PROTECTION
To provide protection in a fault (output overload) condition, the unit is equipped with internal current-limiting circuitry and can endure current
limiting continuously. At the point of current-limit inception, the unit enters hiccup mode. The unit operates normally once the output current is
brought back into its specified range.
28. DIGITAL ADJUSTABLE OVERCURRENT WARNING
Please see the Digital Feature Descriptions section.
29. OVERTEMPERATURE PROTECTION
To provide protection in a fault condition, the unit is equipped with a thermal shutdown circuit. The unit will shut down if the overtemperature
threshold of 150℃(typ) is exceeded at the thermal reference point Tref .Once the unit goes into thermal shutdown it will then wait to cool before
attempting to restart.
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30. DIGITAL TEMPERATURE STATUS VIA PMBUS
Please see the Digital Feature Descriptions section.
31. DIGITAL ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT OVER AND UNDER VOLTAGE PROTECTION
Please see the Digital Feature Descriptions section
32. INPUT UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT
At input voltages below the input undervoltage lockout limit, the module operation is disabled. The module will begin to operate at an input voltage above
the undervoltage lockout turn-on threshold.
33. DIGITAL ADJUSTABLE INPUT UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT
Please see the Digital Feature Descriptions section
34. DIGITAL ADJUSTABLE POWER GOOD THERSHOLDS
Please see the Digital Feature Descriptions section
35. SYNCHRONIZATION
The module switching frequency can be synchronized to a signal with an external frequency within a specified range. Synchronization can be done by using
the external signal applied to the SYNC pin of the module as shown in Fig. 45, with the converter being synchronized by the rising edge of the external signal.
The Electrical Specifications table specifies the requirements of the external SYNC signal. If the SYNC pin is not used, the module should free run at the
default switching frequency. If synchronization is not being used, connect the SYNC pin to GND.
Figure 45
MODULE
SYNC
+
?
GND
External source connections to synchronize switching frequency of the module.
36. MEASURING OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND INPUT VOLTAGE
Please see the Digital Feature Descriptions section.
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37. TUNABLE LOOPTM
The SLDM-12D1Ax has a feature that optimizes transient response of the module called Tunable Loop TM
.
External capacitors are usually added to the output of the module for two reasons: to reduce output ripple and noise (see Figure 38) and to
reduce output voltage deviations from the steady-state value in the presence of dynamic load current changes. Adding external capacitance
however affects the voltage control loop of the module, typically causing the loop to slow down with sluggish response. Larger values of external
capacitance could also cause the module to become unstable.
The Tunable Loop TM allows the user to externally adjust the voltage control loop to match the filter network connected to the output of the
module. The Tunable LoopTM is implemented by connecting a series R-C between the VS+ and TRIM pins of the module, as shown in Fig. 46.
This R-C allows the user to externally adjust the voltage loop feedback compensation of the module.
Figure 46
VOUT
VS+
RTune
MODULE
CO
CTune
TRIM
RTrim
SIG_GND
GND
Circuit diagram showing connection of RTUME and CTUNE to tune the control loop of the module
Recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE for different output capacitor combinations are given in Tables 2 and 3. Table 3 shows the
recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE for different values of ceramic output capacitors up to 1000uF that might be needed for an
application to meet output ripple and noise requirements. Selecting RTUNE and CTUNE according to Table 3 will ensure stable operation of the
module.
In applications with tight output voltage limits in the presence of dynamic current loading, additional output capacitance will be required. Table 3
lists recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE in order to meet 2% output voltage deviation limits for some common output voltages in the
presence of a 6A to 6A step change (50% of full load), with an input voltage of 12V.
Please contact your Bel Power technical representative to obtain more details of this feature as well as for guidelines on how to select the right
value of external R-C to tune the module for best transient performance and stable operation for other output capacitance values.
Table 2
Co
RTUNE
CTUNE
2x47F
430
390pF
4x47F
390
15000pF
6x47F
300
2700pF
10x47F
240
3300pF
20x47F
180
8200pF
General recommended values of of RTUNE and CTUNE for Vin=12V and various external ceramic capacitor combinations.
Table 3
Vo
5V
3.3V
2.5V
1.8V
1.2V
0.6V
Co
1x47uF + 330F
Polymer
1x47uF + 330F
Polymer
2x47uF + 330F
Polymer
1x47uF + 2x330F
Polymer
3x47uF +3x 330F
Polymer
1x47uF +
11x330F
Polymer
RTUNE
CTUNE
V
300
2200pF
55mV
300
2200pF
58mV
240
3300pF
47mV
220
5600pF
31mV
220
12nF
21mV
180
47nF
8mV
Recommended values of RTUNE and CTUNE to obtain transient deviation of 2% of Vout for a 3A step load with Vin=12V
Note: The capacitors used in the Tunable Loop tables are 47 μF/3 mΩ ESR ceramic and 330 μF/12 mΩ ESR polymer capacitors
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38. PMBUS INTERFACE CAPABILITY
The SLDM-12D1Ax power modules have a PMBus interface that supports both communication and control. The PMBus Power Management
Protocol Specification can be obtained from www.pmbus.org. The modules support a subset of version 1.1 of the specification (see Table 6 for a
list of the specific commands supported). Most module parameters can be programmed using PMBus and stored as defaults for later use.
All communication over the module PMBus interface must support the Packet Error Checking (PEC) scheme. The PMBus master must generate
the correct PEC byte for all transactions, and check the PEC byte returned by the module.
The module also supports the SMBALERT response protocol whereby the module can alert the bus master if it wants to talk. For more
information on the SMBus alert response protocol, see the System Management Bus (SMBus) specification.
The module has non-volatile memory that is used to store configuration settings. Not all settings programmed into the device are automatically
saved into this non-volatile memory, only those specifically identified as capable of being stored can be saved (see Table 6 for which command
parameters can be saved to non-volatile storage).
39. PMBUS DATA FORMAT
For commands that set thresholds, voltages or report such quantities, the module supports the “Linear” data format among the three data formats
supported by PMBus. The Linear Data Format is a two byte value with an 11-bit, two’s complement mantissa and a 5-bit, two’s complement
exponent. The format of the two data bytes is shown below:
Data Byte High
7 6 5 4 3
2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Exponent
MSB
Data Byte Low
Mantissa
MSB
The value is of the number is then given by
Value = Mantissa x 2 Exponent
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40. PMBUS ADDRESSING
The power module can be addressed through the PMBus using a device address. The module has 64 possible addresses (0 to 63 in decimal)
which can be set using resistors connected from the ADDR0 and ADDR1 pins to SIG_GND. Note that some of these addresses (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 12, 40, 44, 45, 55 in decimal) are reserved according to the SMBus specifications and may not be useable. The address is set in
the form of two octal (0 to 7) digits, with each pin setting one digit. The ADDR1 pin sets the high order digit and ADDR0 sets the low order digit.
The resistor values suggested for each digit are shown in Table 4 (1% tolerance resistors are recommended).
Note that if either address resistor value is outside the range specified in Table 4, the module will respond to address 127.
Table 4
Digit
Resistor Value (KΩ)
0
10
1
15.4
2
23.7
3
36.5
4
54.9
5
84.5
6
130
7
200
The user must know which I2C addresses are reserved in a system for special functions and set the address of the module to avoid interfering
with other system operations. Both 100kHz and 400kHz bus speeds are supported by the module. Connection for the PMBus interface should
follow the High Power DC specifications given in section 3.1.3 in the SMBus specification V2.0 for the 400kHz bus speed or the Low Power DC
specifications in section 3.1.2. The complete SMBus specification is available from the SMBus web site, smbus.org.
Figure 48
ADDR1
ADDR0
R ADDR0
R ADDR1
SIG_GND
Circuit showing connection of resistors used to set the PMBus address of the module.
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41. PMBUS ENABLE ON/OFF
The SLDM-12D1Ax module can also be turned on and off via the PMBus interface. The OPERATION command is used to actually turn the
module on and off via the PMBus, while the ON_OFF_CONFIG command configures the combination of analog ON/OFF pin input and PMBus
commands needed to turn the module on and off. Bit [7] in the OPERATION command data byte enables the module, with the following
functions:
0 : Output is disabled
1 : Output is enabled
This module uses the lower five bits of the ON_OFF_CONFIG data byte to set various ON/OFF options as follows:
Bit Position
Access
Function
Default Value
4
r/w
PU
1
3
r/w
CMD
0
2
r/w
CPR
1
1
r/w
POL
1
0
r
CPA
1
PU: Sets the default to either operate any time input power is present or for the ON/OFF to be controlled by the analog ON/OFF input and the
PMBus OPERATION command. This bit is used together with the CP, CMD and ON bits to determine startup.
Bit Value
Action
0
Module powers up any time power is present regardless of state of the analog ON/OFF
pin
1
Module does not power up until commanded by the analog ON/OFF pin and the
OPERATION command as programmed in bits [2:0] of the ON_OFF_CONFIG register.
CMD: The CMD bit controls how the device responds to the OPERATION command.
Bit Value
Action
0
Module ignores the ON bit in the OPERATION command
1
Module responds to the ON bit in the OPERATION command
CPR: Sets the response of the analog ON/OFF pin. This bit is used together with the CMD, PU and ON bits to determine startup.
Bit Value
Action
0
Module ignores the analog ON/OFF pin, i.e. ON/OFF is only controlled through the
PMBUS via the OPERATION command
1
Module requires the analog ON/OFF pin to be asserted to start the unit
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42. PMBUS ADJUSTABLE SOFT START RISE TIME
The soft start rise time can be adjusted in the module via PMBus. When setting this parameter, make sure that the charging current for output
capacitors can be delivered by the module in addition to any load current to avoid nuisance tripping of the overcurrent protection circuitry during
startup. The TON_RISE command sets the rise time in ms, and allows choosing soft start times between 600μs and 9ms, with possible values
listed in Table 5. Note that the exponent is fixed at -4 (decimal) and the upper two bits of the mantissa are also fixed at 0
Table 5
Rise Time
600μs
900μs
1.2ms
1.8ms
2.7ms
4.2ms
6.0ms
9.0ms
Exponent
11100
11100
11100
11100
11100
11100
11100
11100
Mantissa
00000001010
00000001110
00000010011
00000011101
00000101011
00001000011
00001100000
00010010000
43. OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTMENT USING THE PMBUS
The VOUT_SCALE_LOOP parameter is important for a number of PMBus commands related to output voltage trimming, margining, over/under
voltage protection and the PGOOD thresholds. The output voltage of the module is set as the combination of the voltage divider formed by RTrim
and a 20kΩ upper divider resistor inside the module, and the internal reference voltage of the module. The reference voltage VREF is nominally
set at 600mV, and the output regulation voltage is then given by
20000 RTrim
VOUT
VREF
RTrim
Hence the module output voltage is dependent on the value of RTrim which is connected external to the module. The information on the output
voltage divider ratio is conveyed to the module through the VOUT_SCALE_LOOP parameter which is calculated as follows:
VOUT _ SCALE _ LOOP
RTrim
20000 RTrim
The VOUT_SCALE_LOOP parameter is specified using the “Linear” format and two bytes. The upper five bits [7:3] of the high byte are used to
set the exponent which is fixed at –9 (decimal). The remaining three bits of the high byte [2:0] and the eight bits of the lower byte are used for the
mantissa. The default value of the mantissa is 00100000000 corresponding to 256 (decimal), corresponding to a divider ratio of 0.5. The
maximum value of the mantissa is 512 corresponding to a divider ratio of 1. Note that the resolution of the VOUT_SCALE_LOOP command is
0.2%.
When PMBus commands are used to trim or margin the output voltage, the value of VREF is what is changed inside the module, which in turn
changes the regulated output voltage of the module.
The nominal output voltage of the module can be adjusted with a minimum step size of 0.4% over a ±25% range from nominal using the
VOUT_TRIM command over the PMBus.
The VOUT_TRIM command is used to apply a fixed offset voltage to the output voltage command value using the “Linear” mode with the
exponent fixed at –10 (decimal). The value of the offset voltage is given by
VOUT ( offset ) VOUT _ TRIM 2 10
This offset voltage is added to the voltage set through the divider ratio and nominal VREF to produce the trimmed output voltage. The valid range
in two’s complement for this command is –4000h to 3FFFh. The high order two bits of the high byte must both be either 0 or 1. If a value
outside of the +/-25% adjustment range is given with this command, the module will set it’s output voltage to the nominal value (as if VOUT_TRIM
had been set to 0), assert SMBALRT#, set the CML bit in STATUS_BYTE and the invalid data bit in STATUS_CML.
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44. OUTPUT VOLTAGE MARGINING USING THE PMBUS
The module can also have its output voltage margined via PMBus commands. The command VOUT_MARGIN_HIGH sets the margin high
voltage, while the command VOUT_MARGIN_LOW sets the margin low voltage. Both the VOUT_MARGIN_HIGH and VOUT_MARGIN_LOW
commands use the “Linear” mode with the exponent fixed at –10 (decimal). Two bytes are used for the mantissa with the upper bit [7] of the high
byte fixed at 0. The actual margined output voltage is a combination of the VOUT_MARGIN_HIGH or VOUT_MARGIN_LOW and the
VOUT_TRIM values as shown below:
VOUT( MH)
(VOUT _ MARGIN_ HIGH VOUT _ TRIM) 210
VOUT( ML)
(VOUT _ MARGIN_ LOW VOUT _ TRIM) 2 10
Note that the sum of the margin and trim voltages cannot be outside the ±25% window around the nominal output voltage. The data associated
with VOUT_MARGIN_HIGH and VOUT_MARGIN_LOW can be stored to non-volatile memory using the STORE_DEFAULT_ALL command.
The module is commanded to go to the margined high or low voltages using the OPERATION command. Bits [5:2] are used to enable margining
as follows:
00XX : Margin Off
0101 : Margin Low (Ignore Fault)
0110 : Margin Low (Act on Fault)
1001 : Margin High (Ignore Fault)
1010 : Margin High (Act on Fault)
45. PMBUS ADJUSTABLE OVERCURRENT WARNING
The module can provide an overcurrent warning via the PMBus. The threshold for the overcurrent warning can be set using the parameter
IOUT_OC_WARN_LIMIT. This command uses the “Linear” data format with a two byte data word where the upper five bits [7:3] of the high byte
represent the exponent and the remaining three bits of the high byte [2:0] and the eight bits in the low byte represent the mantissa. The exponent
is fixed at –1 (decimal).
The upper five bits of the mantissa are fixed at 0 while the lower six bits are programmable. Note that the actual value for
IOUT_OC_WARN_LIMIT will vary from module to module due to calibration during production test, The resolution of this warning limit is 500mA.
The value of the IOUT_OC_WARN_LIMIT can be stored to non-volatile memory using the STORE_DEFAULT_ALL command.
46. TEMPERATURE STATUS VIA PMBUS
The SLDM-12D1Ax module can provide information related to temperature of the module through the STATUS_TEMPERATURE command. The
command returns information about whether the pre-set over temperature fault threshold and/or the warning threshold have been exceeded.
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47. PMBUS ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT OVER AND UNDER VOLTAGE PROTECTION
The SLDM-12D1Ax module has output over and under voltage protection capability. The PMBus command VOUT_OV_FAULT_LIMIT is used to
set the output over voltage threshold from four possible values: 108%, 110%, 112% or 115% of the commanded output voltage. The command
VOUT_UV_FAULT_LIMIT sets the threshold that causes an output under voltage fault and can also be selected from four possible values: 92%,
90%, 88% or 85%. The default values are 112% and 88% of commanded output voltage. Both commands use two data bytes formatted as two’s
complement binary integers. The “Linear” mode is used with the exponent fixed to –10 (decimal) and the effective over or under voltage trip
points given by:
V OUT ( OV _ REQ ) (VOUT _ OV _ FAULT _ LIMIT ) 2 10
V OUT (UV _ REQ ) (VOUT _ UV _ FAULT _ LIMIT ) 2 10
Values within the supported range for over and undervoltage detection thresholds will be set to the nearest fixed percentage. Note that the
correct value for VOUT_SCALE_LOOP must be set in the module for the correct over or under voltage trip points to be calculated.
In addition to adjustable output voltage protection, the 6A Digital module can also be programmed for the response to the fault. The
VOUT_OV_FAULT RESPONSE and VOUT_UV_FAULT_RESPONSE commands specify the response to the fault. Both these commands use a
single data byte with the possible options as shown below.
Continue operation without interruption (Bits [7:6] = 00, Bits [5:3] = xxx).
Continue for four switching cycles and then shut down if the fault is still present, followed by no restart or continuous restart (Bits [7:6] =
01, Bits [5:3] = 000 means no restart, Bits [5:3] = 111 means continuous restart).
Immediate shut down followed by no restart or continuous restart (Bits [7:6] = 10, Bits [5:3] = 000 means no restart, Bits [5:3] = 111 means
continuous restart).
Module output is disabled when the fault is present and the output is enabled when the fault no longer exists (Bits [7:6] = 11, Bits [5:3] =
xxx).
Note: that separate response choices are possible for output over voltage or under voltage faults.
48. PMBUS ADJUSTABLE INPUT UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT
The SLDM-12D1Ax module allows adjustment of the input under voltage lockout and hysteresis. The command VIN_ON allows setting the input
voltage turn on threshold, while the VIN_OFF command sets the input voltage turn off threshold. For the VIN_ON command, possible values are
2.75V, and 3V to 14V in 0.5V steps. For the VIN_OFF command, possible values are 2.5V to 14V in 0.5V steps. If other values are entered for
either command, they will be mapped to the closest of the allowed values.
VIN_ON must be set higher than VIN_OFF. Attempting to write either VIN_ON lower than VIN_OFF or VIN_OFF higher than VIN_ON results in
the new value being rejected, SMBALERT being asserted along with the CML bit in STATUS_BYTE and the invalid data bit in STATUS_CML.
Both the VIN_ON and VIN_OFF commands use the “Linear” format with two data bytes. The upper five bits represent the exponent (fixed at -2)
and the remaining 11 bits represent the mantissa. For the mantissa, the four most significant bits are fixed at 0.
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49. POWER GOOD
The SLDM-12D1Ax module provides a Power Good (PGOOD) signal that is implemented with an open-drain output to indicate that the output
voltage is within the regulation limits of the power module. The PGOOD signal will be de-asserted to a low state if any condition such as
overtemperature, overcurrent or loss of regulation occurs that would result in the output voltage going outside the specified thresholds. The
PGOOD thresholds are user selectable via the PMBus (the default values are as shown in the Feature Specifications Section). Each threshold is
set up symmetrically above and below the nominal value. The POWER_GOOD_ON command sets the output voltage level above which PGOOD
is asserted (lower threshold). For example, with a 1.2V nominal output voltage, the POWER_GOOD_ON threshold can set the lower threshold to
1.14 or 1.1V. Doing this will automatically set the upper thresholds to 1.26 or 1.3V.
The POWER_GOOD_OFF command sets the level below which the PGOOD command is de-asserted. This command also sets two thresholds
symmetrically placed around the nominal output voltage. Normally, the POWER_GOOD_ON threshold is set higher than the
POWER_GOOD_OFF threshold.
Both POWER_GOOD_ON and POWER_GOOD_OFF commands use the “Linear” format with the exponent fixed at –10 (decimal). The two
thresholds are given by
VOUT ( PGOOD _ ON ) ( POWER _ GOOD _ ON ) 2 10
VOUT ( PGOOD _ OFF ) ( POWER _ GOOD _ OFF ) 2 10
Both commands use two data bytes with bit [7] of the high byte fixed at 0, while the remaining bits are r/w and used to set the mantissa using
two’s complement representation. Both commands also use the VOUT_SCALE_LOOP parameter so it must be set correctly. The default value of
POWER_GOOD_ON is set at 1.1035V and that of the POWER_GOOD_OFF is set at 1.08V. The values associated with these commands can
be stored in non-volatile memory using the STORE_DEFAULT_ALL command.
The PGOOD terminal can be connected through a pullup resistor(suggested value 100 K) to a source of 5VDC or lower.
50. MEASURREMENT OF OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE AND INPUT VOLTAGE
The SLDM-12D1Ax module is capable of measuring key module parameters such as output current and voltage and input voltage and providing
this information through the PMBus interface. Roughly every 200μs, the module makes 16 measurements each of output current, voltage and
input voltage. Average values of of these 16 measurements are then calculated and placed in the appropriate registers. The values in the
registers can then be read using the PMBus interface.
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51. MEASURING OUTPUT CURRENT USING THE PMBUS
The SLDM-12D1Ax module measures current by using the inductor winding resistance as a current sense element. The inductor winding
resistance is then the current gain factor used to scale the measured voltage into a current reading. This gain factor is the argument of the
IOUT_CAL_GAIN command, and consists of two bytes in the linear data format. The exponent uses the upper five bits [7:3] of the high data byte
in two-s complement format and is fixed at –15 (decimal). The remaining 11 bits in two’s complement binary format represent the mantissa.
The current measurement accuracy is also improved by each module being calibrated during manufacture with the offset in the current reading.
The IOUT_CAL_OFFSET command is used to store and read the current offset. The argument for this command consists of two bytes composed
of a 5-bit exponent (fixed at -4d) and a 11-bit mantissa. This command has a resolution of 62.5mA and a range of -4000mA to +3937.5mA.
During manufacture, each module is calibrated by measuring and storing the current gain factor and offset into non-volatile storage.
The READ_IOUT command provides module average output current information. This command only supports positive or current sourced from
the module. If the converter is sinking current a reading of 0 is provided. The READ_IOUT command returns two bytes of data in the linear data
format. The exponent uses the upper five bits [7:3] of the high data byte in two-s complement format and is fixed at –4 (decimal). The remaining
11 bits in two’s complement binary format represent the mantissa with the 11th bit fixed at 0 since only positive numbers are considered valid.
Note that the current reading provided by the module is not corrected for temperature. The temperature corrected current reading for module
temperature TModule can be estimated using the following equation
where IOUT_CORR is the temperature corrected value of the current measurement, IREAD_OUT is the module current measurement value,
TIND is the temperature of the inductor winding on the module. Since it may be difficult to measure TIND, it may be approximated by an estimate
of the module temperature.
52. MEASURING OUTPUT VOLTAGE USING THE PMBUS
The SLDM-12D1Ax module can provide output voltage information using the READ_VOUT command. The command returns two bytes of data
all representing the mantissa while the exponent is fixed at -10 (decimal).
During manufacture of the module, offset and gain correction values are written into the non-volatile memory of the module. The command
VOUT_CAL_OFFSET can be used to read and/or write the offset (two bytes consisting of a 16-bit mantissa in two’s complement format) while
the exponent is always fixed at -10 (decimal). The allowed range for this offset correction is -125 to 124mV. The command VOUT_CAL_GAIN
can be used to read and/or write the gain correction - two bytes consisting of a five-bit exponent (fixed at -8) and a 11-bit mantissa. The range of
this correction factor is -0.125V to +0.121V, with a resolution of 0.004V. The corrected output voltage reading is then given by:
VOUT ( Final)
[VOUT ( Initial) (1 VOUT _ CAL _ GAIN)]
VOUT _ CAL _ OFFSET
53. MEASURING INPPUT VOLTAGE USING THE PMBUS
The SLDM-12D1Ax module can provide output voltage information using the READ_VIN command. The command returns two bytes of data in
the linear format. The upper five bits [7:3] of the high data form the two’s complement representation of the mantissa which is fixed at –5
(decimal). The remaining 11 bits are used for two’s complement representation of the mantissa, with the 11th bit fixed at zero since only positive
numbers are valid.
During module manufacture, offset and gain correction values are written into the non-volatile memory of the module. The command
VIN_CAL_OFFSET can be used to read and/or write the offset - two bytes consisting of a five-bit exponent (fixed at -5) and a11-bit mantissa in
two’s complement format. The allowed range for this offset correction is -2 to 1.968V, and the resolution is 32mV. The command VIN_CAL_GAIN
can be used to read and/or write the gain correction - two bytes consisting of a five-bit exponent (fixed at -8) and a 11-bit mantissa. The range of
this correction factor is -0.125V to +0.121V, with a resolution of 0.004V. The corrected output voltage reading is then given by:
VIN ( Final)
[VIN ( Initial) (1 VIN _ CAL _ GAIN )]
VIN _ CAL _ OFFSET
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54. READING THE STATUS OF THE MODULE USING THE PMBUS
The SLDM-12D1Ax module supports a number of status information commands implemented in PMBus. However, not all features are supported
in these commands. A 1 in the bit position indicates the fault that is flagged.
STATUS_BYTE : Returns one byte of information with a summary of the most critical device faults.
Bit Position
Flag
Default Value
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
OFF
VOUT Overvoltage
IOUT Overcurrent
VIN Undervoltage
Temperature
CML (Comm. Memory Fault)
None of the above
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
STATUS_WORD : Returns two bytes of information with a summary of the module’s fault/warning conditions.
Bit Position
Flag
Default Value
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
OFF
VOUT Overvoltage
IOUT Overcurrent
VIN Undervoltage
Temperature
CML (Comm. Memory Fault)
None of the above
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bit Position
Flag
Default Value
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
VOUT fault or warning
IOUT fault or warning
X
X
POWER_GOOD# (is negated)
X
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
X
0
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READING THE STATUS OF THE MODULE USING THE PMBUS(CONTINUED)
STATUS_VOUT : Returns one byte of information relating to the status of the module’s output voltage related faults.
Bit Position
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Flag
VOUT OV Fault
X
X
VOUT UV Fault
X
X
X
X
Default Value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
STATUS_IOUT : Returns one byte of information relating to the status of the module’s output voltage related faults.
Bit Position
Flag
Default Value
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
IOUT OC Fault
X
IOUT OC Warning
X
X
X
X
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
STATUS_TEMPERATURE : Returns one byte of information relating to the status of the module’s temperature related faults.
Bit Position
Flag
Default Value
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
OT Fault
OT Warning
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
STATUS_CML : Returns one byte of information relating to the status of the module’s communication related faults.
Bit Position
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Flag
Invalid/Unsupported Command
Invalid/Unsupported Command
Packet Error Check Failed
X
X
X
Other Communication Fault
X
Default Value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
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READING THE STATUS OF THE MODULE USING THE PMBUS(CONTINUED)
MFR_VIN_MIN : Returns minimum input voltage as two data bytes of information in Linear format (upper five bits are exponent – fixed at -2, and lower 11
bits are mantissa in two’s complement format – fixed at 12)
MFR_VOUT_MIN : Returns minimum output voltage as two data bytes of information in Linear format (upper five bits are exponent – fixed at -10, and
lower 11 bits are mantissa in two’s complement format – fixed at 614)
MFR_SPECIFIC_00 : Returns information related to the type of module and revision number. Bits [7:2] in the Low Byte indicate the module type (000000
corresponds to the SLDN-06D1Ax series of module), while bits [7:3] indicate the revision number of the module.
Low Byte
Bit Position
Flag
Default Value
7:2
Module Name
000101
1:0
Reserved
10
High Byte
Bit Position
Flag
Default Value
7:3
Module Revision Number
None
2:0
Reserved
000
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SLDM-12D1Ax
55. SUMMARY OF SUPPORTED PMBUS COMMANDS
Please refer to the PMBus 1.1 specification for more details of these commands.
Table 6
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SUMMARY OF SUPPORTED PMBUS COMMANDS(CONTINUED)
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SLDM-12D1Ax
SUMMARY OF SUPPORTED PMBUS COMMANDS(CONTINUED)
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SUMMARY OF SUPPORTED PMBUS COMMANDS(CONTINUED)
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SLDM-12D1Ax
SUMMARY OF SUPPORTED PMBUS COMMANDS(CONTINUED)
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SUMMARY OF SUPPORTED PMBUS COMMANDS(CONTINUED)
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SUMMARY OF SUPPORTED PMBUS COMMANDS(CONTINUED)
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SUMMARY OF SUPPORTED PMBUS COMMANDS(CONTINUED)
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SUMMARY OF SUPPORTED PMBUS COMMANDS(CONTINUED)
Please refer to the PMBus 1.1 specification for more details of these commands.
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56. THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
The SLDM-12D1Ax power modules operate in a variety of thermal environments; however, sufficient cooling should always be provided to help
ensure reliable operation.
Considerations include ambient temperature, airflow, module power dissipation, and the need for increased reliability. A reduction in the
operating temperature of the module will result in an increase in reliability. The thermal data presented here is based on physical measurements
taken in a wind tunnel. The test set-up is shown in Figure 49. The preferred airflow direction for the module is in Figure 50.
Figure 49
25.4_
(1.0)
Wind Tunnel
PWBs
Power Module
76.2_
(3.0)
x
Probe Location
for measuring
airflow and
ambient
temperature
12.7_
(0.50)
Air
flow
Thermal Test Setup
The thermal reference points, Tref used in the specifications are also shown in Figure 50. For reliable operation the temperatures at these points
should not exceed 120°C. The output power of the module should not exceed the rated power of the module (Vo,set x Io,max)
Please refer to the Application Note “Thermal Characterization Process For Open-Frame Board-Mounted Power Modules” for a detailed
discussion of thermal aspects including maximum device temperatures.
Figure 50
Preferred airflow direction and location of hot-spot of the module (Tref).
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57. EXAMPLE APPLICATION CIRCUIT
Requirements:
Vin:
Vout:
Iout:
Vout:
Vin, ripple
12V
1.8V
9A max., worst case load transient is from 6A to 9A
1.5% of Vout (27mV) for worst case load transient
1.5% of Vin (180mV, p-p)
Vin+
VIN
PGOOD
Vout+
VOUT
VS+
MODULE
RTUNE
CLK
CI3
CI2
CI1
SEQ
TRIM
DATA
ADDR0
SMBALRT#
ADDR1
ON/OFF
GND
CTUNE
CO1
CO2
CO3
RTrim
RADDR1 RADDR0
SIG_GND
SYNC GND VS-
CI1 Decoupling cap - 1x0.047F/16V ceramic capacitor (e.g. Murata LLL185R71C473MA01)
CI2 2x22 F/16V ceramic capacitor (e.g. Murata GRM32ER61C226KE20)
CI3 470F/16V bulk electrolytic
CO1 Decoupling cap - 1x0.047F/16V ceramic capacitor (e.g. Murata LLL185R71C473MA01) + 0.1uF/16V 0402size ceramic
capacitor
CO2 1 x 47 F/6.3V ceramic capacitor (e.g. Murata GRM31CR60J476ME19)
CO3 1 x 330F/6.3V Polymer (e.g. Sanyo Poscap)
CTune 2700pF ceramic capacitor (can be 1206, 0805 or 0603 size)
RTune 221 ohms SMT resistor (can be 1206, 0805 or 0603 size)
RTrim 10k SMT resistor (can be 1206, 0805 or 0603 size, recommended tolerance of 0.1%)
Note: The DATA, CLK and SMBALRT pins do not have any pull-up resistors inside the module. Typically, the SMBus master controller will have
the pull-up resistors as well as provide the driving source for these signals.
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58. MECHANICAL DIMENSIONS
Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches).
Tolerances: x.x mm 0.5 mm (x.xx in. 0.02 in.) [unless otherwise indicated]
x.xx mm 0.25 mm (x.xxx in 0.010 in.)
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SLDM-12D1Ax
MECHANICAL DIMENSIONS (CONTINUED)
Recommended Pad Layout
PIN CONNECTIONS
PIN
1
FUNCTION
ON/OFF
2
VIN
3
SEQ
4
GND
5
TRIM
6
VOUT
7
VS+
8
VS-
9
PG
10
SYNC2
11
CLK
12
DATA
13
SMBALERT#
14
SIG_GND
15
ADDR1
16
ADDR0
Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches).
Tolerances: x.x mm 0.5 mm (x.xx in. 0.02 in.) [unless otherwise indicated]
x.xx mm 0.25 mm (x.xxx in 0.010 in.)
Note: This module is recommended and compatible with Pb-Free Reflow Soldering and must be soldered using a reflow profile with a
peak temperature of no more than 260 ºC for less than 5 seconds.
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59. PACKAGING DETAILS
The SLDM-12D1Ax modules are supplied in tape & reel as standard.
All Dimensions are in millimeters and (in inches).
.
Reel Dimensions:
Outside Dimensions:
Inside Dimensions:
Tape Width:
330.2 mm (13.00)
177.8 mm (7.00”)
44.00 mm (1.732”)
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SLDM-12D1Ax
60. SURFACE MOUNT INFORMATION
Pick and Place
The SLDM-12D1Ax modules use an open frame construction and are designed for a fully automated assembly process. The modules
are fitted with a label designed to provide a large surface area for pick and place operations. The label meets all the requirements for
surface mount processing, as well as safety standards, and is able to withstand reflow temperatures of up to 300oC. The label also carries
product information such as product code, serial number and the location of manufacture.
Nozzle Recommendations
The SLDM-12D1Ax module weight has been kept to a minimum by using open frame construction. Variables such as nozzle size, tip style,
vacuum pressure and placement speed should be considered to optimize this process. The minimum recommended inside nozzle
diameter for reliable operation is 3mm. The maximum nozzle outer diameter, which will safely fit within the allowable component spacing,
is 7 mm.
Lead Free Soldering
The SLDM-12D1Ax modules are lead-free (Pb-free) and RoHS compliant and fully compatible in a Pb-free soldering process. Failure to
observe the instructions below may result in the failure of or cause damage to the modules and can adversely affect long-term reliability.
Pb-free Reflow Profile
Power Systems will comply with J-STD-020 Rev. C (Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for Nonhermetic Solid State Surface Mount
Devices) for both Pb-free solder profiles and MSL classification procedures. This standard provides a recommended forced-air-convection
reflow profile based on the volume and thickness of the package (table 4-2). The suggested Pb-free solder paste is Sn/Ag/Cu (SAC). The
recommended linear reflow profile using Sn/Ag/Cu solder is shown in Fig. 50. Soldering outside of the recommended profile requires
testing to verify results and performance.
MSL Rating
The SLDM-12D1Ax modules have a MSL rating of 2A.
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SURFACE MOUNT INFORMATION(CONTINUED)
Storage and Handling
The recommended storage environment and handling procedures for moisture-sensitive surface mount packages is detailed in J-STD033 Rev. A (Handling, Packing, Shipping and Use of Moisture/Reflow Sensitive Surface Mount Devices). Moisture barrier bags (MBB)
with desiccant are required for MSL ratings of 2 or greater. These sealed packages should not be broken until time of use. Once the
original package is broken, the floor life of the product at conditions of 30°C and 60% relative humidity varies according to the MSL
rating (see J-STD-033A). The shelf life for dry packed SMT packages will be a minimum of 12 months from the bag seal date, when
stored at the following conditions: < 40° C, < 90% relative humidity.
Reflow Temp (°C)
Figure51
300
Per J-STD-020 Rev. D
Peak Temp 260°C
250
200
* Min. Time Above 235°C
15 Seconds
150
Heating Zone
1°C/Second
Cooling
Zone
*Time Above 217°C
60 Seconds
100
50
0
Reflow Time (Seconds)
Recommended linear reflow profile using Sn/Ag/Cu solder.
Post Solder Cleaning and Drying Considerations
Post solder cleaning is usually the final circuit-board assembly process prior to electrical board testing. The result of inadequate cleaning
and drying can affect both the reliability of a power module and the testability of the finished circuit-board assembly. For guidance on
appropriate soldering, cleaning and drying procedures, refer to Board Mounted Power Modules: Soldering and Cleaning Application Note
(AN04-001).
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SLDM-12D1Ax
For more information on these products consult: tech.support@psbel.com
NUCLEAR AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS - Products are not designed or intended for use as critical components in life support systems,
equipment used in hazardous environments, or nuclear control systems.
TECHNICAL REVISIONS - The appearance of products, including safety agency certifications pictured on labels, may change depending on the
date manufactured. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
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