Title
Reference Design Report for a 5 W Adapter
Using LinkSwitchTM-CV LNK625DG
Specification Input: 85 VAC – 265 VAC; Output: 5 V / 1 A
Application
Adapter
Author
Applications Engineering Department
Document
Number
RDR-669
Date
July 15, 2020
Revision
1.5
Summary and Features
•
•
•
•
Low parts count solution
Auto-restart output short-circuit, open-loop and over-temperature protection
Primary side regulated
Meets EN55022 EMI
The products and applications illustrated herein (including circuits external to the products and transformer
construction) may be covered by one or more U.S. and foreign patents or potentially by pending U.S. and foreign
patent applications assigned to Power Integrations. A complete list of Power Integrations’ patents may be found at
www.power.com.
Power Integrations
5245 Hellyer Avenue, San Jose, CA 95138 USA.
Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201
www.power.com
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
15-Jul-20
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4
Power Supply Specification ....................................................................................... 5
Schematic .................................................................................................................. 6
Circuit Description ...................................................................................................... 7
4.1 Input and EMI Filtering ......................................................................................... 7
4.2 LinkSwitch-CV Device .......................................................................................... 7
4.3 Primary Circuit ...................................................................................................... 7
4.4 Output Rectification .............................................................................................. 8
4.5 Feedback Winding ................................................................................................ 8
5
PCB Layout................................................................................................................. 9
6
Bill of Materials ........................................................................................................ 10
7
Transformer Specification ........................................................................................ 11
7.1 Electrical Diagram .............................................................................................. 11
7.2 Mechanical Diagram ........................................................................................... 11
7.3 Material List ........................................................................................................ 12
7.4 Electrical Test Specifications .............................................................................. 12
7.5 Transformer Winding Illustrations ....................................................................... 13
8
Performance Data .................................................................................................... 16
8.1 Full Load Efficiency vs. Input Line Voltage (at PCB) .......................................... 16
8.2 Efficiency vs. Load (at PCB) ............................................................................... 17
8.3 Average Efficiency .............................................................................................. 18
8.3.1
115 VAC / 60 Hz ........................................................................................ 18
8.3.2
230 VAC / 50 Hz ........................................................................................ 18
8.4 No-Load Input Power .......................................................................................... 19
8.5 Line and Load Regulation ................................................................................... 20
8.5.1
Line Regulation at Full Load (at PCB) ........................................................ 20
8.5.2
Load Regulation (at PCB) .......................................................................... 21
9
Waveforms .............................................................................................................. 22
9.1 Drain Voltage and Current, Normal Operation Full Load .................................... 22
9.2 Drain Voltage and Current Start-up Profile ......................................................... 23
9.3 Output Diode Reverse Voltage ........................................................................... 24
9.4 Output Rise Time................................................................................................ 25
9.5 Turn On Delay .................................................................................................... 26
9.6 Output Ripple Measurements ............................................................................. 27
9.6.1
Ripple Measurement Technique ................................................................ 27
9.6.2
Output Ripple Measurements..................................................................... 28
10 Temperature Measurements ................................................................................... 29
10.1
Thermal Performance...................................................................................... 30
10.1.1 Thermal Performance at 85 VAC ............................................................... 30
10.1.2 Thermal Performance at 265 VAC ............................................................. 32
10.1.3 Thermal Performance at 50 ºC ................................................................... 34
10.1.4 Thermal Performance at 40 ºC ................................................................... 36
10.2
Thermal Shutdown and Recovery ................................................................... 36
10.2.1 Shutdown and Recovery Temperature at 85 VAC, 50 ºC Ambient............. 36
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Page 2 of 47
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
11 Conducted EMI ........................................................................................................ 37
11.1
Test Set-up Equipment ....................................................................................37
11.1.1 Equipment and Load Used .........................................................................37
11.2
Test Set-up ......................................................................................................37
11.3
Conductive EMI with Artificial Hand Output (QP / AV) .....................................38
11.3.1 115 VAC Line .............................................................................................38
11.3.2 115 VAC Neutral.........................................................................................39
11.3.3 230 VAC Line .............................................................................................40
11.3.4 230 VAC Neutral.........................................................................................41
11.4
Conductive EMI with Floating Output (QP / AV) ..............................................42
11.4.1 115 VAC Line .............................................................................................42
11.4.2 115 VAC Neutral.........................................................................................43
11.4.3 230 VAC Line .............................................................................................44
11.4.4 230 VAC Neutral.........................................................................................45
12 Revision History........................................................................................................ 46
Page 3 of 47
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
1
15-Jul-20
Introduction
This document is an engineering design report describing a 5 W / 5 V adapter power
supply using LNK625DG. Input is 85 VAC to 265 VAC.
The document contains the power supply specification, schematic, transformer
documentation, performance data and EMI scan.
Figure 1 – Populated Circuit Board.
Power Integrations, Inc.
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15-Jul-20
2
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Power Supply Specification
Description
Input
Voltage
Frequency
Output
Output Voltage
Output Current
Output Voltage Ripple
Continuous Output Power
Average Efficiency
EMI
Ambient Temperature
Page 5 of 47
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Comment
VIN
fLINE
85
115/230
50/60
265
VAC
Hz
2 Wire.
VOUT
IOUT
4.75
5.0
1.0
5.25
V
A
mV
W
%
150
POUT
η
5
74
At Nominal Lines.
EN55022
Tamb
0
40
ºC
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
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15-Jul-20
Schematic
Figure 2 – Schematic.
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4
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Circuit Description
The schematic in Figure 2 shows an adapter design using the LNK625DG IC that provides
constant voltage (CV) performance. The circuit is designed to operate from 85 VAC to
265 VAC input, with an output voltage of 5 V providing a maximum load current of 1 A. It
consumes very little standby power and uses no Y capacitor but still meet stringent EMI
requirements.
4.1
Input and EMI Filtering
Bridge rectifier BR1 is a full wave rectifier. The rectified DC is then filtered by capacitors
C1 and C2. Inductor L1, L2 forms a pi filter with capacitors C1 and C2 which helps to
reduce differential EMI noise. This filtering, together with the integrated switching
frequency jitter provided in U1 and transformer E-Shield techniques, provide a generous
EMI margin without the need for a Y capacitor across the primary and secondary
windings of transformer T1.
4.2
LinkSwitch-CV Device
The LinkSwitch-CV family of devices has been developed to cost effectively replace all
existing solutions in low power adapter applications. It is optimized for constant voltage
(CV) adapter applications while using minimal external parts including the complete
elimination of the optocoupler and shunt regulator.
The LNK625DG IC monolithically integrates the 700 V power MOSFET switch and
controller, which consists of an oscillator, feedback (sense and logic) circuit, 6 V
regulator, BYPASS (BP) pin programming functions, over-temperature protection,
frequency jittering, current limit circuit and leading-edge blanking.
The LNK625DG IC also provides a sophisticated range of protection features including
auto-restart for control loop component open/short-circuit faults and output short-circuit
conditions. The use of a low auto-restart on time reduces the power delivered by more
than 95% for output short-circuits and control loop faults. Accurate hysteretic thermal
shutdown ensures safe average PCB temperatures under all conditions. Extended
creepage distance between high and low voltage pins prevent arcing and helps meet
safety requirements. The LinkSwitch-CV IC also can be used without a bias winding as it
is completely self-biased.
4.3
Primary Circuit
During U1’s on time current flows through the primary winding of transformer T1 and
stores energy in its magnetic field. During U1’s off time, the energy stored in the
transformer is transferred to the secondary side, delivering current to both the output
capacitors and the load.
The clamp circuit formed by resistors R1 and R2 along with blocking diode D1 and
capacitor C3 ensures that the drain node voltage is well below the 700 V rating of the
Page 7 of 47
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
15-Jul-20
internal MOSFET of U1. The clamp circuit is also carefully designed to reduce and
dampen any oscillation present in the voltage spike caused by the transformer’s leakage
inductance.
4.4
Output Rectification
The secondary output is rectified by diode D3 which is placed in the return leg to help
reduce EMI and simplify the transformer construction. An RC snubber circuit composed of
resistor R7 and capacitor C7 is placed across the output diode to also reduce high
frequency EMI. A stable output voltage is maintained by capacitor C8. Inductor L3 and
capacitor C9 form an LC post filter which helps to attenuate switching noise and reduces
output ripple. Resistor R8 is a preload resistor whose value has been empirically chosen
to provide the best possible regulation at light loads without significantly affecting noload input power or efficiency.
4.5
Feedback Winding
The LinkSwitch-CV IC eliminates the need for an optocoupler for tight output voltage
regulation, as good as ±5%, through the use of a feedback winding. The FEEDBACK (FB)
pin voltage, which is derived from the voltage divider formed by resistors R4 and R5, is
sampled approximately 2.5 µs after U1’s internal power MOSFET turns off. Based upon
this information the device regulates the output voltage.
The feedback winding was also designed with more turns than necessary so that it may
act as a bias winding. The winding provides bias current to U1 through the BP pin and
reduces the input power consumption during light loads and no-load conditions.
Capacitor C4 provides a stable bias voltage while resistor R3 is chosen to supply the
necessary BP pin current. Capacitor C5 is the BP pin capacitor and should be placed as
close as possible to the BP pin and SOURCE (S) pins of the device.
Power Integrations, Inc.
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Page 8 of 47
15-Jul-20
5
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
PCB Layout
Figure 3 – PCB Layout, Top.
Figure 4 – PCB Layout. Bottom.
Page 9 of 47
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
6
15-Jul-20
Bill of Materials
Item
Qty
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ref
Des
BR1
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
9
1
C8
10
1
C9
11
1
D1
12
1
D2
13
1
D3
14
1
L1
15
1
L2
16
1
L3
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
1
1
1
11
1
1
1
1
1
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R8
RF1
26
1
T1
27
28
29
30
31
1
1
1
1
1
U1
+5V
RTN
L
N
Description
600 V, 0.5 A, Bridge Rectifier, SMD, MBS-1, 4-SOIC
4.7 µF, 400 V, Electrolytic, (8 x 11.5)
4.7 µF, 400 V, Electrolytic, (8 x 11.5)
1 nF, 250 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805
10 µF, 25 V, Electrolytic, Gen. Purpose, (5 x 12)
1 µF,50 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805
330 pF 50 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0603
1 nF, 50 V, Ceramic, X7R, 0805
470 µF, 10 V, Electrolytic, Very Low ESR,
72 mΩ, (8 x 11.5)
100 µF, 10 V, Electrolytic, Very Low ESR,
300 mΩ, (5 x 11)
Diode, Standard, 1000V, 1A, Surface Mount,
MINISMA, Mini SMA/SOD-123
Diode, Standard, 1000V, 1A, Surface Mount,
MINISMA, Mini SMA/SOD-123
40 V, 2 A, Schottky, SMD, DO-214AA
FIXED IND, 1.2 mH, ±10%,Imax=150 mA,
3.3 Ω max, TH, UNSHIELDED
4.7 µH, 600 mA SMD INDUCTOR, MULTILAYER
Ferrite Bead, Z=70 Ω @ 100 MHz, Rdc=0.100 Ω,
1.5 A, -55°C ~ 125°C, 1206 (3216 Metric)
RES, 180 kΩ, 5%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206
RES, 221 Ω, 1%, 1/4 W, Thick Film, 1206
RES, 3.92 kΩ, 1%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805
RES, 16.9 kΩ, 1%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805
RES, 5.23 kΩ, 1%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805
RES, 105 kΩ, 1%, 1/8 W, Thick Film, 0805
RES, 18 Ω, 5%, 1/10 W, Thick Film, 0603
RES, 909 Ω, 1%, 1/16 W, Thick Film, 0603
RES, 10 Ω, 5%, 2 W, Wirewound, Fusible
Bobbin, EE13 (2+5) P V 1 SEC PM9820
Transformer
LinkSwitch-CV, SO-8C
Test Point, RED, Miniature THRU-HOLE MOUNT
Test Point, BLK, Miniature THRU-HOLE MOUNT
Test Point, WHT, Miniature THRU-HOLE MOUNT
Test Point, BLK, Miniature THRU-HOLE MOUNT
Power Integrations, Inc.
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Mfg Part Number
Mfg
MB6S-TP
TAQ2G4R7MK0811MLL3
TAQ2G4R7MK0811MLL3
GRM21AR72E102KW01D
ECA-1EM100
C2012X7R1H105M085AC
CC0603KRX7R9BB331
08055C102KAT2A
Micro Commercial
Taicon
Taicon
Murata
Panasonic
TDK
Yageo
AVX
EKZE100ELL471MHB5D
Nippon Chemi-Con
EKZE100ELL101ME11D
Nippon Chemi-Con
CGRM4007-G
Comchip
CGRM4007-G
Comchip
SS24-E3/52T
Vishay
AIUR-16-122K
Abracon
MLZ2012N4R7LT000
TDK
CIB31P700NE
Samsung
ERJ-8GEYJ184V
P221FCT-ND
ERJ-6ENF3921V
ERJ-6GEYJ622V
ERJ-6ENF5231V
ERJ-6ENF1053V
ERJ-3GEYJ180V
ERJ-3EKF9090V
FW20A10R0JA
WS-51319
PNK-62506
LNK625DG
5000K-ND
5001K-ND
5002K-ND
5001K-ND
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Panasonic
Bourns
Win Shine
Premier Magnetics
Power Integrations
Keystone
Keystone
Keystone
Keystone
Page 10 of 47
15-Jul-20
7
7.1
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Transformer Specification
Electrical Diagram
6
1
Secondary
9T
Primary
115T
W2
W4
2 x #27T.I.W.
1 x #34AWG
3
2
7
Feedback
& Bias
14T
W1
4 x #38AWG
5
1
Shield
20T
W3
2 x #38AWG
NC
EE13
Core
Figure 5 – Transformer Electrical Diagram.
7.2
Mechanical Diagram
7
6
WD4: Secondary 9T – 2x#27TIW
WD3: Shield
20T – 2x#38AWG 1
WD2: Primary
115T – 1x#34 AWG
NC
1
3
WD1: Feedback 14T – 4x#38 AWG 5
2
Figure 6 – Transformer Mechanical Diagram.
Page 11 of 47
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
7.3
Material List
Item
Description
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
7.4
15-Jul-20
Core: EE13, PC95, Gapped for ALG of 100 nH/T².
Bobbin: Generic, 4 pri. + 2 sec. (High Isolation Bobbin).
Barrier Tape: Polyester Film [1 mil (25 µm) base thickness], 8.50 mm Wide.
Varnish.
Magnet Wire: #34 AWG, Solderable Double Coated.
Magnet Wire: #38 AWG, Solderable Double Coated.
Triple Insulated Wire: #27 AWG.
Magnet Wire: #32 AWG, Solderable Double Coated.
Electrical Test Specifications
Parameter
Condition
Spec
Electrical Strength, VAC
Nominal Primary
Inductance, µH
Tolerance, ±%
Maximum Primary
Leakage, µH
60 Hz 1 second, from pins 1, 2, 3 ,4, 5 to pins 7, 8, 9, 10.
Measured at 1 VPK-PK, typical switching frequency, between
pin 1 to pin 3, with all other windings open.
Tolerance of Primary Inductance
Measured between pin 1 to pin 3, with all other windings
shorted.
3000
1369
10.0
54.77
Although the design of the software considered safety guidelines, it is the user's
responsibility to ensure that the user's power supply design meets all applicable safety
requirements of user's product.
The products and applications illustrated herein (including circuits external to the products
and transformer construction) may be covered by one or more U.S. and foreign patents or
potentially by pending U.S. and foreign patent applications assigned to Power Integrations. A
complete list of Power Integrations' patents may be found at www.powerint.com.
Power Integrations, Inc.
Tel: +1 408 414 9200 Fax: +1 408 414 9201
www.power.com
Page 12 of 47
15-Jul-20
7.5
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Transformer Winding Illustrations
Winding Preparation
For the purpose of these
instructions, bobbin is oriented on
winder such that pin side is on the
left side.
Winding direction is clockwise
direction.
WD1:
Feedback
Start on pin(s) 2 and wind 14
turns (x4 AWG #38) in 1 layer
from left to right. Terminate at pin
5.
Insulation
Add 1 layer of tape, Item [3], for
insulation.
WD2:
Primary
Start on pin(s) 3 and wind 115
turns (x1 AWG #34) in 4 layers
from left to right. Wind in same
rotational direction as Feedback
winding. At the last layer spread
the winding evenly across entire
bobbin. Terminate at pin 1 after
finish.
Page 13 of 47
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
15-Jul-20
Insulation
Add 2 layers of tape, Item [3], for
insulation.
WD3:
Shield
Start on pin(s) 1 and wind 20
turns (x2 AWG #38). Wind in
same rotational direction as
primary winding. Form a 4 group
of 5 turns with spaces in between
each group. Leave this end of
shield winding not connected.
Insulation
Add 2 layers of tape, Item [3], for
insulation.
WD4:
Secondary
Start on pin(s) 6 and wind 9 turns
(x2 TIW #27) in 2 layers. Wind in
clockwise direction. Finish this
winding on pin(s) 7.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Insulation
Add 3 layers of tape, Item [3], for
insulation.
Finish
Dip varnish uniformly in Item [4].
Do not vacuum impregnate.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
8
15-Jul-20
Performance Data
Note: Data were taken at room temperature. Measurements were taken at the end of
PCB.
8.1
Full Load Efficiency vs. Input Line Voltage (at PCB)
80
79
78
Efficiency (%)
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
Input Voltage (VAC)
Figure 7 – Efficiency vs. Line Voltage, Room Temperature Measured at the End of the PCB.
Power Integrations, Inc.
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Page 16 of 47
15-Jul-20
8.2
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Efficiency vs. Load (at PCB)
77
Efficiency (%)
76
75
85 VAC_PCB
115 VAC_PCB
230 VAC_PCB
265 VAC_PCB
74
73
72
71
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
Output Current (A)
Figure 8 – Efficiency vs. Load, Room Temperature Measured at PCB.
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1.05
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
8.3
Average Efficiency
Requirement
DOE VI
8.3.1
Minimum Average Efficiency
(%)
≥ 0.0834 x ln(POUT) – 0.0014 x POUT
73.62%
+ 0.609
Maximum Power in No-load Mode
(W)
≤0.100
115 VAC / 60 Hz
Load
(A)
100%
75%
50%
25%
8.3.2
15-Jul-20
VIN
(VRMS)
114.95
114.96
114.97
114.98
IIN
(ARMS)
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.03
PIN
(W)
6.64
4.99
3.29
1.69
VOUT at PCB
(VDC)
4.98
5.01
5.03
5.05
IOUT
(ADC)
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
POUT
(W)
4.99
3.76
2.52
1.26
Average
Efficiency at PCB
(%)
75.08
75.43
76.60
74.85
75.49
PIN
(W)
6.47
4.91
3.33
1.71
VOUT at PCB
(VDC)
4.94
4.99
4.98
4.99
IOUT
(ADC)
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
POUT
(W)
4.94
3.74
2.50
1.25
Average
Efficiency at PCB
(%)
76.39
76.27
75.13
73.08
75.22
230 VAC / 50 Hz
Load
(A)
100%
75%
50%
25%
VIN
(VRMS)
229.99
229.99
230.00
230.00
IIN
(ARMS)
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.02
Power Integrations, Inc.
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Page 18 of 47
15-Jul-20
8.4
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
No-Load Input Power
85 VAC 115 VAC 230 VAC 265 VAC
PIN 52 mW 56.4 mW 69.92 mW 67.69 mW
No-load input power soak time: 15 mins.
100
Input Power (mW)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
Input Voltage (VAC)
Figure 9 – No-Load Input Power.
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280
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
8.5
15-Jul-20
Line and Load Regulation
8.5.1
Line Regulation at Full Load (at PCB)
5.25
+5%
5.20
Output Voltage (V)
5.15
5.10
5.05
5.00
4.95
4.90
4.85
4.80
-5%
4.75
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
Input Voltage (VAC)
Figure 10 – Line Regulation at Full Load.
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15-Jul-20
8.5.2
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Load Regulation (at PCB)
+5%
5.25
90 VAC_PCB
115 VAC_PCB
230 VAC_PCB
265 VAC_PCB
5.20
5.15
Output Voltage (V)
5.10
5.05
5.00
4.95
4.90
4.85
4.80
4.75
0.00
-5%
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
Output Current (A)
Figure 11 – Load Regulation.
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1.25
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
9
9.1
15-Jul-20
Waveforms
Drain Voltage and Current, Normal Operation Full Load
Figure 12 – 85 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDS, 100 V / div.
Lower: IDS, 200 mA / div., 10 µs / div.
VDS(MAX): 235.15 V.
IDS(MAX): 354.94 mA.
Figure 13 – 115 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDS, 100 V / div.
Lower: IDS, 200 mA / div., 10 µs / div.
VDS(MAX): 274.68 V.
IDS(MAX): 354.94 mA.
Figure 14 – 230 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDS, 100 V / div.
Lower: IDS, 200 mA / div., 10 µs / div.
VDS(MAX): 443.87 V.
IDS(MAX): 373.12 mA.
Figure 15 – 265 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDS, 100 V / div.
Lower: IDS, 200 mA / div., 10 µs / div.
VDS(MAX): 499.21 V.
IDS(MAX): 381.03 mA.
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15-Jul-20
9.2
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Drain Voltage and Current Start-up Profile
Figure 16 – 85 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDS, 100 V / div.
Lower: IDS, 500 mA / div., 2 ms / div.
VDS(MAX): 238.34 V.
IDS(MAX): 314.23 mA.
Figure 17 – 115 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDS, 100 V / div.
Lower: IDS, 400 mA / div., 2 ms / div.
VDS(MAX): 269.96 V.
IDS(MAX): 314.23 mA.
Figure 18 – 230 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDS, 100 V / div.
Lower: IDS, 400 mA / div., 2 ms / div.
VDS(MAX): 447.83 V.
IDS(MAX): 413.04 mA.
Figure 19 – 265VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDS, 100 V / div.
Lower: IDS, 400 mA / div., 2 ms / div.
VDS(MAX): 507.11 V.
IDS(MAX): 452.57 mA.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
9.3
15-Jul-20
Output Diode Reverse Voltage
Figure 20 – 85 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDIODE, 10 V / div.
Lower: IDIODE, 5 A / div., 10 µs / div.
VDIODE(MAX): 12.648 V.
IDIODE(MAX): 5.3162 A.
Figure 21 – 115 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDIODE, 10 V / div.
Lower: IDIODE, 5 A / div., 10 µs / div.
VDIODE(MAX): 15.81 V.
IDIODE(MAX): 5.3162 A.
Figure 22 – 230 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDIODE, 10 V / div.
Lower: IDIODE, 5 A / div., 10 µs / div.
VDIODE(MAX): 28.854 V.
IDIODE(MAX): 6.1067 A.
Figure 23 – 265 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VDIODE, 10 V / div.
Lower: IDIODE, 5 A / div., 10 µs / div.
VDIODE(MAX): 31.621 V.
IDIODE(MAX): 6.1067 A.
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9.4
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Output Rise Time
Figure 24 – 85 VAC Input, Full Load.
VOUT, 1 V / div., 20 ms / div.
Figure 25 – 115 VAC Input, Full Load.
VOUT, 1 V / div., 20 ms / div.
Figure 26 – 230 VAC Input, Full Load.
VOUT, 1 V / div., 20 ms / div.
Figure 27 – 265 VAC Input, Full Load.
VOUT, 1 V / div., 20 ms / div.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
9.5
15-Jul-20
Turn On Delay
Figure 28 – 85 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VOUT, 2 V / div.
Lower: VIN, 200 V / div., 20 ms / div.
Turn On Delay: 3.6 ms.
Figure 29 – 115 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VOUT, 2 V / div.
Lower: VIN, 200 V / div., 20 ms / div.
Turn On Delay: 2.6 ms.
Figure 30 – 230 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VOUT, 2 V / div.
Lower: VIN, 200 V / div., 20 ms / div.
Turn On Delay: 2.4 ms.
Figure 31 – 265 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VOUT, 2 V / div.
Lower: VIN, 200 V / div., 20 ms / div.
Turn On Delay: 2.35 ms.
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15-Jul-20
9.6
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Output Ripple Measurements
9.6.1 Ripple Measurement Technique
For DC output ripple measurements, a modified oscilloscope test probe must be utilized
in order to reduce spurious signals due to pick-up.
The 5125BA probe adapter is affixed with two capacitors tied in parallel across the probe
tip. The capacitors include one (1) 0.1 µF/50 V ceramic type and one (1) 47.0 µF/16 V
aluminum electrolytic. The aluminum electrolytic type capacitor is polarized, so
proper polarity across DC outputs must be maintained (see below).
Probe Ground
Probe Tip
Figure 32 – Oscilloscope Probe Prepared for Ripple Measurement. (End Cap and Ground Lead Removed)
Figure 33 – Oscilloscope Probe with Probe Master 5125BA BNC Adapter. (Modified with wires for probe
ground for ripple measurement, and two parallel decoupling capacitors added)
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
9.6.2
15-Jul-20
Output Ripple Measurements
Figure 34 – 85 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VOUT, 40 mV / div., 400 ms / div.
Lower: VOUTZOOM, 40 mV / div., 30 µs / div.
Output Ripple PK-PK: 105.93 mV.
Figure 35 – 115 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VOUT, 40 mV / div., 400 ms / div.
Lower: VOUTZOOM, 40 mV / div., 30 µs / div.
Output Ripple PK-PK: 115.42 mV.
Figure 36 – 230 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VOUT, 40 mV / div., 400 ms / div.
Lower: VOUTZOOM, 40 mV / div., 30 µs / div.
Output Ripple PK-PK: 123.32 mV.
Figure 37 – 265 VAC Input, Full Load.
Upper: VOUT, 40 mV / div., 400 ms / div.
Lower: VOUTZOOM, 40 mV / div., 30 µs / div.
Output Ripple PK-PK: 128.06 mV.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
10 Temperature Measurements
All measurements were taken at room temperature, full load inside an acrylic box. Unit
was heat soaked for 30 minutes prior to measurement.
Input Voltage
LNK625DG
Output Diode
Transformer
Ambient
85 VAC
91.2
71.4
69.6
28
265 VAC
75.8
74.5
65
28
Figure 38 – Thermal Setup.
Page 29 of 47
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
15-Jul-20
10.1 Thermal Performance
10.1.1 Thermal Performance at 85 VAC
Ambient temperature is 28.5 ºC.
Figure 39 – U1 – LNK625DG Controller.
Spot: 91.2 ºC.
Figure 40 – D3 – Output Diode.
Spot: 71.4 ºC.
Figure 41 – D1 – Primary Snubber Diode.
Spot: 72.5 ºC.
Figure 42 – T1 – Transformer.
Spot: 69.6 ºC.
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15-Jul-20
Figure 43 – BR1 – Bridge Rectifier Diode.
Spot: 60.2 ºC.
Page 31 of 47
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Figure 44 – C8 – Output Capacitor.
Spot: 59.6 ºC.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
15-Jul-20
10.1.2 Thermal Performance at 265 VAC
Ambient temperature is 28.5 ºC.
Figure 395 – U1 – LNK625DG Controller.
Spot: 75.8 ºC.
Figure 46 – D3 – Output Diode.
Spot: 74.5 ºC.
Figure 407 – D1 – Primary Snubber Diode.
Spot: 60.5 ºC.
Figure 418 – T1 – Transformer.
Spot: 65ºC.
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15-Jul-20
Figure 429 – BR1 – Bridge Rectifier Diode.
Spot: 39.6 ºC.
Page 33 of 47
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
Figure 50 – C8 – Output Capacitor.
Spot: 60.4 ºC.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
15-Jul-20
10.1.3 Thermal Performance at 50 ºC
Place the test unit inside a thermal chamber. Increase chamber temperature to 50 ºC.
Soak until stable. Monitor all components and ambient temperature.
110
6
100
5
90
Temperature (°C)
80
4
70
60
3
50
40
Ambient
C9
L3
CORE
D1
L1
C1
C4
30
20
10
U1
C8
D3
WINDING
R2
C2
BR1
Vout
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
2
1
0
5000
Time (sec)
Figure 431 – 115 VAC Input, Full Load at 50 ºC Ambient.
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15-Jul-20
Amb
52.2
U1
95.2
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
C9
72.3
C8
78.8
L3
77.9
D3
97.1
Core
78.4
Winding
82.3
D1
82.8
R2
84.7
L1
63.2
C2
68.2
C1
64.2
BR1
69
110
C4
73.5
6
100
5
90
Temperature (°C)
80
4
70
60
3
50
40
Ambient
C9
L3
CORE
D1
L1
C1
C4
30
20
10
U1
C8
D3
WINDING
R2
C2
BR1
Vout
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
Time (sec)
Page 35 of 47
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2
1
0
5000
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
15-Jul-20
10.1.4 Thermal Performance at 40 ºC
10.1.4.1
Amb
43.3
85 VAC
U1
106.8
10.1.4.2
Amb
43.2
C9
64.4
C8
71.1
L3
71.2
D3
90.1
Core
72.6
Winding
76.6
D1
78
R2
79.2
L1
58
D1
73.4
R2
75.1
L1
51.2
C2
64.2
C1
60
BR1
68.2
C4
72.6
265 VAC
U1
84.3
C9
64.4
C8
71.3
L3
69.8
D3
90.7
Core
70.9
Winding
74.9
C2
56.8
C1
52
BR1
54.6
C4
62.6
10.2 Thermal Shutdown and Recovery
10.2.1 Shutdown and Recovery Temperature at 85 VAC, 50 ºC Ambient
6
130
120
110
5
Temperature (°C)
100
90
4
80
70
3
60
50
Ambient
C8
CORE
R2
C1
Vout
40
30
20
U1
L3
WINDING
L1
BR1
2
C9
D3
D1
C2
C4
1
10
0
970
990
1010
1030
1050
1070
1090
0
1110
Time (sec)
Figure 52 – 85 VAC Input.
Thermal Shutdown: U1 = 123.7 ºC.
Thermal Recovery: U1 = 76.8 ºC.
Power Integrations, Inc.
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Page 36 of 47
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
11 Conducted EMI
11.1 Test Set-up Equipment
11.1.1 Equipment and Load Used
1. Rohde and Schwarz ENV216 two line V-network.
2. Rohde and Schwarz ESRP EMI test receiver.
3. Hioki 3322 power Hi-tester.
4. Chroma measurement test fixture.
5. 5Ω resistor load.
6. Input voltage set at 115 VAC and 230 VAC.
11.2 Test Set-up
Figure 443 – EMI Set-up.
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15-Jul-20
11.3 Conductive EMI with Artificial Hand Output (QP / AV)
11.3.1 115 VAC Line
Figure 54 – AH Connected to the Negative Output, Line.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
11.3.2 115 VAC Neutral
Figure 455 – AH Connected to the Negative Output, Neutral.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
15-Jul-20
11.3.3 230 VAC Line
Figure 56 – AH Connected to the Negative Output, Line.
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15-Jul-20
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
11.3.4 230 VAC Neutral
Figure 57 – AH Connected to the Negative Output, Neutral.
Page 41 of 47
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15-Jul-20
11.4 Conductive EMI with Floating Output (QP / AV)
11.4.1 115 VAC Line
Figure 58 – Floating Output, Line.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
11.4.2 115 VAC Neutral
Figure 59 – Floating Output, Neutral.
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15-Jul-20
11.4.3 230 VAC Line
Figure 60 – Floating Output, Line.
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15-Jul-20
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
11.4.4 230 VAC Neutral
Figure 61 – Floating Output, Neutral.
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RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
15-Jul-20
12 Revision History
Date
22-Jan-18
13-Feb-18
14-Feb-18
08-Apr-19
23-Jun-20
15-Jul-20
Author
MAGM
KM
MAGM
KM
KM
KM
Revision
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Power Integrations, Inc.
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Description and Changes
Initial Release.
Updated PCB Images.
Updated Waveforms.
Updated Errors in Section 7.4 and 7.5.
Converted to RDR.
Added T1 Supplier.
Reviewed
Mktg and Apps
Mktg and Apps
Mktg and Apps
Mktg and Apps
Mktg and Apps
Mktg and Apps
Page 46 of 47
15-Jul-20
RDR-669 5W Universal Adapter Using LNK625DG
For the latest updates, visit our website: www.power.com
Reference Designs are technical proposals concerning how to use Power Integrations’ gate drivers in particular applications and/or
with certain power modules. These proposals are “as is” and are not subject to any qualification process. The suitability,
implementation and qualification are the sole responsibility of the end user. The statements, technical information and
recommendations contained herein are believed to be accurate as of the date hereof. All parameters, numbers, values and other
technical data included in the technical information were calculated and determined to our best knowledge in accordance with the
relevant technical norms (if any). They may base on assumptions or operational conditions that do not necessarily apply in general.
We exclude any representation or warranty, express or implied, in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the statements,
technical information and recommendations contained herein. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy or sufficiency of any of
the statements, technical information, recommendations or opinions communicated and any liability for any direct, indirect or
consequential loss or damage suffered by any person arising therefrom is expressly disclaimed.
Power Integrations reserves the right to make changes to its products at any time to improve reliability or manufacturability. Power
Integrations does not assume any liability arising from the use of any device or circuit described herein. POWER INTEGRATIONS
MAKES NO WARRANTY HEREIN AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY
RIGHTS.
Patent Information
The products and applications illustrated herein (including transformer construction and circuits’ external to the products) may be
covered by one or more U.S. and foreign patents, or potentially by pending U.S. and foreign patent applications assigned to Power
Integrations. A complete list of Power Integrations’ patents may be found at
www.power.com.
Power Integrations grants its
customers a license under certain patent rights as set forth at http://www.power.com/ip.htm.
The PI Logo, TOPSwitch, TinySwitch, LinkSwitch, LYTSwitch, InnoSwtich, DPA-Switch, PeakSwitch, CAPZero, SENZero, LinkZero, HiperPFS, HiperTFS,
HiperLCS, Qspeed, EcoSmart, Clampless, E-Shield, Filterfuse, FluxLink, StackFET, PI Expert and PI FACTS are trademarks of Power Integrations,
Inc. Other trademarks are property of their respective companies. ©Copyright 2015 Power Integrations, Inc.
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