DATASHEET
ISL78228
FN7849
Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Dual 800mA Low Quiescent Current 2.25MHz High Efficiency Synchronous Buck
Regulator
The ISL78228 is a high efficiency, dual synchronous step-down
DC/DC regulator that can deliver up to 800mA continuous
output current per channel. The supply voltage range of 2.75V
to 5.5V allows for the use of a 3.3V or 5V input. The current
mode control architecture enables very low duty cycle
operation at high frequency with fast transient response and
excellent loop stability. The ISL78228 operates above the AM
radio band as well as the 2.25MHz switching frequency,
allowing for the use of small, low cost inductors and
capacitors. Each channel is optimized for generating an output
voltage as low as 0.6V.
Features
The ISL78228 has a user configurable mode of
operation-forced PWM mode and PFM mode. The forced PWM
mode operation reduces noise and RF interference while the
PFM mode operation provides high efficiency by reducing
switching losses at light loads. In PFM mode of operation, both
channels draw a total quiescent current of only 30µA, hence
enabling high light-load efficiency in order to maximize battery
life.
• Power-good (PG) output with 1ms delay
The ISL78228 offers a 1ms power-good (PG) to monitor both
outputs at power-up. When shut down, ISL78228 discharges
the output capacitor. Other features include internal digital
soft-start, enable for power sequence, overcurrent protection,
and thermal shutdown. The ISL78228 is offered in a
3mmx3mm 10 Ld DFN package with 1mm maximum height.
The complete converter occupies less than 1.8cm2 area.
• Rear camera systems
• Internal current mode compensation
• 100% maximum duty cycle for lowest dropout
• Selectable forced PWM mode and PFM mode
• External synchronization up to 4MHz
• Start-up with prebiased output
• Soft-stop output discharge during disable
• Internal digital soft-start - 2ms
• AEC-Q100 qualified
• Pb-free (RoHS compliant)
Applications
• DC/DC POL modules
• µC/µP, FPGA and DSP power
• Navigation systems
• Infotainment systems
TABLE 1. KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FAMILY OF PARTS
The ISL78228 is AEC-Q100 qualified and is rated for the
automotive temperature range (-40°C to +105°C).
PART
NUMBER
IOUT CH1
(A)
IOUT CH2
(A)
ADJ or FIXED
VOUT
PACKAGE
ISL78228
0.8
0.8
ADJ
10 Ld 3x3 DFN
ISL78322
2.0
1.7
ADJ
12 Ld 4x3 DFN
100
EFFICIENCY (%)
90
80
2.5VOUT-PFM
1.8VOUT-PFM
70
2.5VOUT-PWM
60
1.8VOUT-PWM
50
VIN = 5V
40
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
FIGURE 1. EFFICIENCY CHARACTERISTICS CURVE
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 1 of 18
ISL78228
Typical Application
L1
2.2µH
OUTPUT1
2.5V/800mA
LX1
C2
10µF
PGND
INPUT
2.75V TO 5.5V
C3
10pF
FB1
VIN
C1
10µF
R2
316k
R3
100k
EN1
ISL78228
EN2
L2
2.2µH
OUTPUT2
1.8V/800mA
LX2
PG
C4
10µF
PGND
SYNC
R5
200k
C5
10pF
FB2
R6
100k
PGND
FIGURE 2. TYPICAL APPLICATION
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 2 of 18
ISL78228
Pin Configuration
ISL78228
(10 LD 3x3 DFN)
TOP VIEW
FB1
1
EN1
2
VIN
3
LX1
NC
10 FB2
9
EN2
8
PG
4
7
LX2
5
6
SYNC
PAD
Pin Descriptions
PIN#
PIN NAME
DESCRIPTION
1
FB1
The feedback network of the Channel 1 regulator. FB1 is the negative input to the transconductance error amplifier. The output
voltage is set by an external resistor divider connected to FB1. With a properly selected divider, the output voltage can be set to any
voltage between the power rail (reduced by converter losses) and the 0.6V reference. There is an internal compensation to meet a
typical application. In addition, the regulator power-good and undervoltage protection circuitry use FB1 to monitor the Channel 1
regulator output voltage.
2
EN1
Regulator Channel 1 enable pin. Enable the output, VOUT1, when driven to high. Shutdown the VOUT1 and discharge output
capacitor when driven to low. Do not leave this pin floating.
3
VIN
Input supply voltage. Connect 10µF ceramic capacitor to power ground.
4
LX1
Switching node connection for Channel 1. Connect to one terminal of inductor for VOUT1.
5
NC
Recommended to connect this pin to the exposed pad.
6
SYNC
Mode Selection pin. Connect to logic high or input voltage VIN for PFM mode; connect to logic low or ground for forced PWM mode.
Connect to an external function generator for synchronization and negative edge trigger. Do not leave this pin floating.
7
LX2
Switching node connection for Channel 2. Connect to one terminal of inductor for VOUT2.
8
PG
1ms timer output. At power-up or EN_ HI, this output is a 1ms delayed Power-Good signal for both the VOUT1 and VOUT2 voltages.
There is an internal 1MΩ pull-up resistor.
9
EN2
Regulator Channel 2 enable pin. Enable the output, VOUT2, when driven to high. Shut down the VOUT2 and discharge output
capacitor when driven to low. Do not leave this pin floating.
10
FB2
The feedback network of the Channel 2 regulator. FB2 is the negative input to the transconductance error amplifier. The output
voltage is set by an external resistor divider connected to FB2. With a properly selected divider, the output voltage can be set to any
voltage between the power-rail (reduced by converter losses) and the 0.6V reference. There is an internal compensation to meet a
typical application.
In addition, the regulator power-good and undervoltage protection circuitry use FB2 to monitor the Channel 2 regulator output voltage.
-
PAD
The exposed pad must be connected to PGND for proper electrical performance. Add as many vias as possible for optimal thermal
performance.
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER
(Notes 1, 2, 3)
ISL78228ARZ
PART
MARKING
8228
TEMP. RANGE
(°C)
-40 to +105
PACKAGE
(RoHS Compliant)
10 Ld 3x3 DFN
PKG.
DWG. #
L10.3x3C
NOTES:
1. Add “-T” suffix for 6k unit or “-T7A” suffix for 250 unit Tape and Reel options. Please refer to TB347 for details on reel specifications.
2. These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets, molding compounds/die attach materials, and 100% matte
tin plate plus anneal (e3 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations). Intersil
Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
3. For Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL), please see device information page for ISL78228. For more information on MSL please see techbrief TB363.
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 3 of 18
ISL78228
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Reference to GND)
Thermal Information
Supply Voltage (VIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 6.5V
VIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 7V (20ms)
EN1, EN2, PG, SYNC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-0.3V to VIN + 0.3V
LX1, LX2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1.5V to 6.5V
LX1, LX2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1.5V (100ns)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V (DC) to 7V (20ms)
FB1, FB2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 2.7V
ESD Rating
Human Body Model (Tested per JESD22-A114E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3kV
Machine Model (Tested per JESD-A115-A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300V
Charge Device Model (Tested per AEC-Q100-011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2kV
Latch-Up (Tested per JESD78C; Class II, Level A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100mA
Thermal Resistance (Typical)
JA (°C/W)
JC (°C/W)
10 Ld 3x3 DFN Package (Notes 4, 5) . . . . . .
49
4
Storage Temperature Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C
Pb-Free Reflow Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . see TB493
Recommended Operating Conditions
VIN Supply Voltage Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.75V to 5.5V
Load Current Range Per Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0mA to 800mA
Ambient Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +105°C
Junction Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +125°C
CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product
reliability and result in failures not covered by warranty.
NOTES:
4. JA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with “direct attach” features. See Tech
Brief TB379.
5. For JC, the “case temp” location is the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside.
Electrical Specifications
Unless otherwise noted, all parameter limits are established across the recommended operating
conditions: TA = -40°C to +105°C, VIN = 2.75V to 5.5V, EN1 = EN2 = VIN, SYNC = 0V, L = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = C4 = 10µF,
IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 0A to 800mA. (Typical values are at TA = +25°C, VIN = 3.6V). Boldface limits apply across the operating temperature range,
-40°C to +105°C.
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(Note 6)
TYP
MAX
(Note 6)
UNIT
2.50
2.75
V
INPUT SUPPLY
VIN Undervoltage Lockout Threshold
VUVLO
Rising
Falling
Quiescent Supply Current
Shut Down Supply Current
IQ
ISD
2.1
2.4
V
SYNC = VIN, EN1 = EN2 = VIN, no load at the
output and no switches switching.
VFB1 = VFB2 = 0.7V
30
50
µA
SYNC = GND, EN1 = EN2 = VIN,
fSW = 2.25MHz, no load at the output
0.1
1
mA
VIN = 5.5V, EN1 = EN2 = GND
6.5
12
µA
0.60
0.610
V
OUTPUT REGULATION
FB1, FB2 Regulation Voltage
VFB_
FB1, FB2 Bias Current
IFB_
Line Regulation
0.590
VFB = 0.55V
0.1
µA
VIN = VO + 0.5V to 5.5V (minimal 2.75V,
IOUT = 0A)
0.2
%/V
2
ms
Soft-Start Ramp Time Cycle
OVERCURRENT PROTECTION
Peak Overcurrent Limit
Peak SKIP Limit
Ipk1
0.95
1.20
1.60
A
Ipk2
0.95
1.20
1.60
A
180
250
360
mA
180
250
360
mA
VIN = 5.5V, IO = 200mA
180
350
mΩ
VIN = 2.75V, IO = 200mA
320
450
mΩ
VIN = 5.5V, IO = 200mA
180
350
mΩ
VIN = 2.75V, IO = 200mA
320
450
mΩ
Iskip1
VIN = 3.6V
Iskip2
LX1, LX2
P-Channel MOSFET ON-Resistance
N-Channel MOSFET ON-Resistance
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 4 of 18
ISL78228
Electrical Specifications
Unless otherwise noted, all parameter limits are established across the recommended operating
conditions: TA = -40°C to +105°C, VIN = 2.75V to 5.5V, EN1 = EN2 = VIN, SYNC = 0V, L = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = C4 = 10µF,
IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 0A to 800mA. (Typical values are at TA = +25°C, VIN = 3.6V). Boldface limits apply across the operating temperature range,
-40°C to +105°C. (Continued)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(Note 6)
LX_ Maximum Duty Cycle
PWM Switching Frequency
MAX
(Note 6)
fSW
1.80
2.25
2.7
LX Minimum On-Time
SYNC = 0 (forced PWM mode)
RDIS_
EN = LOW
80
100
UNIT
100
Synchronization Range
Soft Discharge Resistance
TYP
2.70
MHz
4
MHz
100
ns
130
Ω
0.3
V
PG
Output Low Voltage
Sinking 1mA, VFB = 0.5V
PG Pull-Up Resistor
1
mΩ
Internal PGOOD Low Rising Threshold
Percentage of nominal regulation voltage
88
92
96
mΩ
Internal PGOOD Low Falling Threshold
Percentage of nominal regulation voltage
82
89
91
%
Delay Time (Rising Edge)
1
Internal PGOOD Delay Time (Falling Edge)
1
ms
2
µs
0.4
V
EN1, EN2, SYNC
Logic Input Low
Logic Input High
1.4
SYNC Logic Input Leakage Current
ISYNC
Enable Logic Input Leakage Current
IEN_
Pulled up to 5.5V
V
0.1
1
µA
0.1
1
µA
Thermal Shutdown
150
°C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis
25
°C
NOTE:
6. Parameters with MIN and/or MAX limits are 100% tested at +25°C, unless otherwise specified. Temperature limits established by characterization
and are not production tested.
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 5 of 18
ISL78228
Typical Operating Performance
Unless otherwise noted, operating conditions are: TA = +25°C, VIN = 2.75V to
100
100
90
90
80
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
5.5V, EN = VIN, L1 = L2 = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = C4 = 10µF, VOUT1 = 2.5V, VOUT2 = 1.8V, IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 0A to 800mA.
2.5VOUT
70
1.5VOUT
1.2VOUT
60
1.8VOUT
2.5VOUT
70
60
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
0.6
0.7
40
0.8
100
100
90
90
80
2.5VOUT
70
3.3VOUT
1.5VOUT
60
1.8VOUT
1.2VOUT
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
0.6
0.7
0.8
80
70
1.5VOUT
3.3VOUT
1.2VOUT
60
2.5VOUT
1.8VOUT
50
50
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
0.6
0.7
40
0.0
0.8
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
1.23
3.3VIN - PWM
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
1.22
5VIN - PWM
0.20
0.15
5VIN - PFM
0.10
0.05
0.00
0.0
0.2
FIGURE 6. EFFICIENCY vs LOAD 2.25MHz 5VIN PFM
0.30
0.25
0.1
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
FIGURE 5. EFFICIENCY vs LOAD 2.25MHz 5VIN PWM
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
1.5VOUT
FIGURE 4. EFFICIENCY vs LOAD 2.25MHz 3.3VIN PFM
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
FIGURE 3. EFFICIENCY vs LOAD 2.25MHz 3.3VIN PWM
40
1.8VOUT
1.2VOUT
50
50
40
80
3.3VIN - PFM
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
0.6
0.7
0.8
FIGURE 7. POWER DISSIPATION vs LOAD 2.25MHz, 1.8VOUT PWM
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
5VIN PFM
5VIN PWM
1.21
1.20
1.19
1.18
1.17
0.0
3.3V VIN PWM
0.1
0.2
3.3V VIN PFM
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
FIGURE 8. VOUT REGULATION vs LOAD 2.25MHz, 1.2VOUT PFM
Page 6 of 18
ISL78228
Typical Operating Performance
Unless otherwise noted, operating conditions are: TA = +25°C, VIN = 2.75V to
5.5V, EN = VIN, L1 = L2 = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = C4 = 10µF, VOUT1 = 2.5V, VOUT2 = 1.8V, IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 0A to 800mA. (Continued)
1.84
5 VIN PFM
1.55
1.54
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
1.56
3.3V VIN PFM
1.53
1.52
3.3V VIN PWM
1.51
5 VIN PFM
1.83
1.82
3.3V VIN PFM
1.81
5VIN PWM
1.80
1.79
3.3V VIN PWM
5VIN PWM
1.50
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
0.6
0.7
1.78
0.8
0.2
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
2.54
5V VIN PFM
2.53
3.3V VIN PFM
2.52
5V VIN PWM
3.3V VIN PWM
2.51
2.50
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
3.38
0.7
0.8
5V VIN PFM
3.36
5V VIN PWM
3.34
3.32
3.30
0.8
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
FIGURE 11. VOUT REGULATION vs LOAD 2.25MHz, 2.5VOUT
FIGURE 12. VOUT REGULATION vs LOAD 2.25MHz, 3.3VOUT
1.83
1.83
1.82
1.82
0A LOAD
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.6
3.40
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
0A LOAD
1.81
1.80
1.79
0.4A LOAD
0.8A LOAD
1.78
1.77
2.0
0.3
0.4
0.5
OUTPUT LOAD (A)
3.42
2.55
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.1
FIGURE 10. VOUT REGULATION vs LOAD 2.25MHz, 1.8VOUT
FIGURE 9. VOUT REGULATION vs LOAD 2.25MHz, 1.5VOUT
2.49
0.0
0.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
FIGURE 13. OUTPUT VOLTAGE REGULATION vs VIN 1.8VOUT
PWM MODE
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
6.0
0.4A LOAD
1.81
1.80
1.79
0.8A LOAD
1.78
1.77
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
5.0
5.5
FIGURE 14. OUTPUT VOLTAGE REGULATION vs VIN 1.8VOUT
PFM MODE
Page 7 of 18
6.0
ISL78228
Typical Operating Performance
Unless otherwise noted, operating conditions are: TA = +25°C, VIN = 2.75V to
5.5V, EN = VIN, L1 = L2 = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = C4 = 10µF, VOUT1 = 2.5V, VOUT2 = 1.8V, IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 0A to 800mA. (Continued)
LX1 2V/DIV
LX2 2V/DIV
VOUT1 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
VOUT2 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
500ns/DIV
500ns/DIV
FIGURE 15. STEADY STATE OPERATION AT NO LOAD CHANNEL 1 (PWM)
FIGURE 16. STEADY STATE OPERATION AT NO LOAD CHANNEL 2 (PWM)
LX1 2V/DIV
LX2 2V/DIV
VOUT2 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
VOUT1 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
500ns/DIV
FIGURE 17. STEADY STATE OPERATION AT NO LOAD CHANNEL 1 (PFM)
FIGURE 18. STEADY STATE OPERATION AT NO LOAD CHANNEL 2 (PFM)
LX1 2V/DIV
LX2 2V/DIV
VOUT1 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
VOUT2 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
500ns/DIV
FIGURE 19. STEADY STATE OPERATION WITH FULL LOAD CHANNEL 1
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
500ns/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
500ns/DIV
FIGURE 20. STEADY STATE OPERATION WITH FULL LOAD CHANNEL 2
Page 8 of 18
ISL78228
Typical Operating Performance
Unless otherwise noted, operating conditions are: TA = +25°C, VIN = 2.75V to
5.5V, EN = VIN, L1 = L2 = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = C4 = 10µF, VOUT1 = 2.5V, VOUT2 = 1.8V, IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 0A to 800mA. (Continued)
VOUT1 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
VOUT2 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
50µs/DIV
50µs/DIV
FIGURE 21. LOAD TRANSIENT CHANNEL 1 (PWM)
FIGURE 22. LOAD TRANSIENT CHANNEL 2 (PWM)
LX1 2V/DIV
LX2 2V/DIV
VOUT1 RIPPLE 50mV/DIV
VOUT2 RIPPLE 50mV/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
50µs/DIV
50µs/DIV
FIGURE 23. LOAD TRANSIENT CHANNEL 1 (PFM)
FIGURE 24. LOAD TRANSIENT CHANNEL 2 (PFM)
EN2 2V/DIV
EN1 2V/DIV
VOUT2 0.5V/DIV
VOUT1 1V/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
50µs/DIV
50µs/DIV
FIGURE 25. SOFT-START WITH NO LOAD CHANNEL 1 (PWM)
FIGURE 26. SOFT-START WITH NO LOAD CHANNEL 2 (PWM)
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 9 of 18
ISL78228
Typical Operating Performance
Unless otherwise noted, operating conditions are: TA = +25°C, VIN = 2.75V to
5.5V, EN = VIN, L1 = L2 = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = C4 = 10µF, VOUT1 = 2.5V, VOUT2 = 1.8V, IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 0A to 800mA. (Continued)
EN1 2V/DIV
EN2 2V/DIV
VOUT2 0.5V/DIV
VOUT1 1V/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
50µs/DIV
50µs/DIV
FIGURE 27. SOFT-START AT NO LOAD CHANNEL 1 (PFM)
FIGURE 28. SOFT-START AT NO LOAD CHANNEL 2 (PFM)
EN1 2V/DIV
EN2 2V/DIV
VOUT1 1V/DIV
VOUT2 0.5V/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
50µs/DIV
50µs/DIV
FIGURE 29. SOFT-START AT FULL LOAD CHANNEL 1
FIGURE 30. SOFT-START AT FULL LOAD CHANNEL 2
EN2 5V/DIV
EN1 5V/DIV
VOUT1 1V/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
1ms/DIV
FIGURE 31. SOFT-DISCHARGE SHUTDOWN CHANNEL 1
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
VOUT2 0.5V/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
1ms/DIV
FIGURE 32. SOFT-DISCHARGE SHUTDOWN CHANNEL 2
Page 10 of 18
ISL78228
Typical Operating Performance
Unless otherwise noted, operating conditions are: TA = +25°C, VIN = 2.75V to
5.5V, EN = VIN, L1 = L2 = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = C4 = 10µF, VOUT1 = 2.5V, VOUT2 = 1.8V, IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 0A to 800mA. (Continued)
LX1 2V/DIV
LX1 2V/DIV
SYNCH 2V/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
SYNCH 2V/DIV
VOUT1 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
VOUT1 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
200ns/DIV
200ns/DIV
FIGURE 33. CH1 STEADY STATE OPERATION AT NO LOAD (PFM) WITH
FREQUENCY = 4MHz
FIGURE 34. CH1 STEADY STATE OPERATION AT FULL LOAD (PFM)
WITH FREQUENCY = 4MHz
LX2 2V/DIV
LX2 2V/DIV
SYNCH 2V/DIV
SYNCH 2V/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
VOUT2 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
200ns/DIV
FIGURE 35. CH2 STEADY STATE OPERATION AT NO LOAD (PFM) WITH
FREQUENCY = 4MHz
IL2 0.5A/DIV
VOUT2 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
200ns/DIV
FIGURE 36. CH2 STEADY STATE OPERATION AT FULL LOAD (PFM)
WITH FREQUENCY = 4MHz
LX1 5V/DIV
LX1 5V/DIV
LX2 5V/DIV
LX2 5V/DIV
SYNCH 5V/DIV
SYNCH 5V/DIV
VOUT1 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
VOUT2 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
VOUT1 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
VOUT2 RIPPLE 20mV/DIV
100ns/DIV
100ns/DIV
FIGURE 37. CH1 AND CH2 STEADY STATE OPERATION AT NO LOAD
(PFM) WITH FREQUENCY = 4MHz
FIGURE 38. CH1 AND CH2 STEADY STATE OPERATION AT FULL LOAD
(PFM) WITH FREQUENCY = 4MHz
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 11 of 18
ISL78228
Typical Operating Performance
Unless otherwise noted, operating conditions are: TA = +25°C, VIN = 2.75V to
5.5V, EN = VIN, L1 = L2 = 2.2µH, C1 = 10µF, C2 = C4 = 10µF, VOUT1 = 2.5V, VOUT2 = 1.8V, IOUT1 = IOUT2 = 0A to 800mA. (Continued)
PHASE1 5V/DIV
LX1 5V/DIV
VOUT1 1V/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
VOUT1 1V/DIV
IL1 0.5A/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
10µs/DIV
500µs/DIV
FIGURE 39. OUTPUT SHORT CIRCUIT CHANNEL 1
FIGURE 40. OUTPUT SHORT CIRCUIT RECOVERY CHANNEL 1
PHASE2 5V/DIV
LX2 5V/DIV
VOUT2 0.5V/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
IL2 0.5A/DIV
VOUT2 1V/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
PG 5V/DIV
10µs/DIV
500µs/DIV
FIGURE 41. OUTPUT SHORT CIRCUIT CHANNEL 2
FIGURE 42. OUTPUT SHORT CIRCUIT RECOVERY CHANNEL 2
2.4
VIN 6V IOUT2
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
VIN 6V IOUT1
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
VIN 3.5V IOUT2
VIN 3.5V IOUT1
0.4
0
-50
-30
-10
10
20
50
70
90
110
TEMPERATURE (°C)
FIGURE 43. OUTPUT CURRENT LIMIT vs TEMPERATURE
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 12 of 18
ISL78228
Block Diagram
SHUTDOWN
EN1
SOFTSTART
SHUTDOWN
27pF
200k
VIN
+
BANDGAP 0.6V +
EAMP
PWM/PFM
LOGIC
CONTROLLER
PROTECTION
DRIVER
+
COMP
-
3pF
SLOPE
COMP
FB1
0.3V
1.6k
VIN
0.552V
+
CSA1
-
+
SCP
-
OSCILLATOR
+
OCP
-
0.59V
+
SKIP
-
0.09V
-
ZERO-CROSS
SENSING
1M
PG
PGND
+
PG1
+
LX1
1ms
DELAY
SGND
SYNC
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
BANDGAP
0.6V
+
EN2
27pF
SOFTSTART
SHUTDOWN
200k
VIN
+
SHUTDOWN
+
COMP
-
EAMP
-
PWM/PFM
LOGIC
CONTROLLER
PROTECTION
DRIVER
3pF
LX2
PGND
SLOPE
COMP
FB2
+
+
CSA2
-
0.3V
1.6k
SHUTDOWN
SCP
+
+
OCP
-
0.59V
+
SKIP
-
0.09V
+
0.552V
-
PG2
ZERO-CROSS
SENSING
FIGURE 44. BLOCK DIAGRAM
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 13 of 18
ISL78228
Theory of Operation
The ISL78228 is a dual 800mA step-down switching regulator
optimized for battery-powered or mobile applications. The
regulator operates at a 2.25MHz fixed switching frequency under
heavy load conditions to allow small external inductor and
capacitors to be used for minimal printed-circuit board (PCB)
area. At light load, the regulator reduces the switching frequency,
unless forced to the fixed frequency, to minimize the switching
loss and to maximize the battery life. The two channels are
in-phase operation. The quiescent current when the outputs are
not loaded is typically only 30µA. The supply current is typically
only 6.5µA when the regulator is shut down.
reference voltage to the voltage control loop. The feedback signal
comes from the VFB pin. The soft-start block only affects the
operation during the start-up and will be discussed separately
shortly. The error amplifier is a transconductance amplifier that
converts the voltage error signal to a current output. The voltage
loop is internally compensated with the 27pF and 200kΩ RC
network. The maximum EAMP voltage output is precisely
clamped to 0.8V.
VEAMP
VCSA
DUTY
CYCLE
PWM Control Scheme
Pulling the SYNC pin LOW (2.0V) forces the converter into PFM
mode. The ISL78228 enters a pulse-skipping mode at light load
to minimize the switching loss by reducing the switching
frequency. Figure 46 illustrates the skip-mode operation. A
zero-cross sensing circuit shown in the “Block Diagram” on
page 13 monitors the N-MOSFET current for zero crossing. When
8 consecutive cycles of the N-MOSFET crossing zero are detected,
the regulator enters the skip mode. During the 8 detecting cycles,
the current in the inductor is allowed to become negative. The
counter is reset to zero when the current in any cycle does not
cross zero.
The output voltage is regulated by controlling the reference
voltage to the current loop. The bandgap circuit outputs a 0.6V
PWM
PFM
CLOCK
8 CYCLES
PFM CURRENT LIMIT
IL
LOAD CURRENT
0
NOMINAL +1.5%
VOUT
NOMINAL
FIGURE 46. SKIP MODE OPERATION WAVEFORMS
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 14 of 18
ISL78228
Once the skip mode is entered, the pulse modulation starts being
controlled by the SKIP comparator shown in the “Block Diagram”
on page 13. Each pulse cycle is still synchronized by the PWM
clock. The P-MOSFET is turned on at the clock and turned off
when its current reaches the threshold of 250mA. As the average
inductor current in each cycle is higher than the average current
of the load, the output voltage rises cycle over cycle. When the
output voltage reaches 1.5% above the nominal voltage, the
P-MOSFET is turned off immediately. Then the inductor current is
fully discharged to zero and stays at zero. The output voltage
reduces gradually due to the load current discharging the output
capacitor. When the output voltage drops to the nominal voltage,
the P-MOSFET will be turned on again at the clock, repeating the
previous operations.
The regulator resumes normal PWM mode operation when the
output voltage drops 1.5% below the nominal voltage.
Synchronization Control
The frequency of operation can be synchronized up to 4MHz by
an external signal applied to the SYNC pin. The falling edge on
the SYNC triggered the rising edge of the PWM ON pulse.
Overcurrent Protection
UVLO
When the input voltage is below the Undervoltage Lock-Out
(UVLO) threshold, the regulator is disabled.
Enable
The enable (EN1, EN2) input allows the user to control the turning
on or off of the regulator for purposes such as power-up
sequencing. The regulator is enabled, there is typically a 600µs
delay for waking up the bandgap reference, then the soft start-up
begins.
Soft Start-Up
The soft-start-up eliminates the in-rush current during the
start-up. The soft-start block outputs a ramp reference to both
the voltage loop and the current loop. The two ramps limit the
inductor current rising speed as well as the output voltage speed
so that the output voltage rises in a controlled fashion. At the
very beginning of the start-up, the output voltage is less than
0.2V; hence the PWM operating frequency is 1/3 of the normal
frequency.
In force PWM mode, the IC will continue to start-up in PFM mode
to support prebiased load applications.
The CSA1 and CSA2 are used to monitor output 1 and output 2
channels respectively. The overcurrent protection is realized by
monitoring the CSA_ output with the OCP threshold logic, as
shown in the “Block Diagram” on page 13. The current sensing
circuit has a gain of 0.285V/A, from the P-MOSFET current to the
CSA_output. When the CSA_ output reaches the threshold of
590mV, the OCP comparator is tripped to turn off the P-MOSFET
immediately. The overcurrent function protects the switching
converter from a shorted output by monitoring the current flowing
through the upper MOSFETs.
Discharge Mode (Soft-Stop)
Upon detection of an overcurrent condition, the upper MOSFET
will be immediately turned off and will not be turned on again
until the next switching cycle.
100% Duty Cycle
PG
The Power-Good signal, (PG) monitors both of the output
channels. When powering up, the open-collector power-on-reset
output holds low for about 1ms after VOUT1 and VOUT2 reaches
the preset voltages. The PG output also serves as a 1ms delayed
power-good signal. If one of the output is disabled, then PG only
monitors the active channels. There is an internal 1MΩpull-up
resistor.
TABLE 2. POWER-GOOD
EN1
EN2
PG1
INTERNAL
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
PG2
INTERNAL
PG
X
X
0
X
1
1
1
X
1
1
1
1
When a transition to shutdown mode occurs, or the output
undervoltage fault latch is set, the outputs discharge to GND
through an internal 100Ω switch.
Power MOSFETs
The power MOSFETs are optimized for best efficiency. The
ON-resistance for the P-MOSFET and N-MOSFET is typically
180mΩ.
The ISL78228 features 100% duty cycle operation to maximize
the battery life. When the battery voltage drops to a level that the
ISL78228 can no longer maintain the regulation at the output,
the regulator completely turns on the P-MOSFET. The maximum
dropout voltage under the 100% duty-cycle operation is the
product of the load current and the ON-resistance of the
P-MOSFET.
Thermal Shutdown
The ISL78228 has built-in thermal protection. When the internal
temperature reaches +150°C, the regulator is completely shut
down. As the temperature drops to +130°C, the ISL78228
resumes operation by stepping through a soft-start-up.
Page 15 of 18
ISL78228
Applications Information
Output Inductor and Capacitor Selection
To consider steady state and transient operation, the ISL78228
typically uses a 2.2µH output inductor. Higher or lower inductor
values can be used to optimize the total converter system
performance. For example, for higher output voltage 3.3V
applications, in order to decrease the inductor current ripple and
output voltage ripple, the output inductor value can be increased.
The inductor ripple current can be expressed as shown in
Equation 1:
VO
V O 1 – ---------
V
IN
I = --------------------------------------L f SW
(EQ. 1)
The inductor’s saturation current rating needs to be at least
larger than the peak current. The ISL78228 protects the typical
peak current 1.2A. The saturation current needs to be over 1.8A
for maximum output current application.
The ISL78228 uses internal compensation network and the
output capacitor value is dependent on the output voltage. The
ceramic capacitor is recommended to be X5R or X7R. The
recommended minimum output capacitor values are shown in
Table 3 for the ISL78228.
TABLE 3. OUTPUT CAPACITOR VALUE vs VOUT
VOUT
(V)
COUT
(µF)
L
(µH)
0.8
10
1.0~2.2
1.2
10
1.0~2.2
1.6
10
1.0~2.2
1.8
10
1.5~3.3
2.5
10
1.5~3.3
3.3
6.8
1.5~4.7
3.6
8.6
1.5~4.7
The output voltage programming resistor, R2 (or R5 in Channel 2),
will depend on the desired output voltage of the regulator. The value
for the feedback resistor is typically between 0Ω and 750kΩ, as
shown in Equation 2.
Let R3 = 100kΩ, then R2 will be:
V OUT
R 2 = R 3 ---------------- – 1
V FB
(EQ. 2)
If the output voltage desired is 0.6V, then R3 is left unpopulated
and short R2. For faster response performance, add 47pF in
parallel to R2
Input Capacitor Selection
The main functions of the input capacitor are to provide
decoupling of the parasitic inductance and to provide filtering
function to prevent the switching current flowing back to the
battery rail. One 10µF X5R or X7R ceramic capacitor is a good
starting point for the input capacitor selection for both channels.
PCB Layout Recommendation
The PCB layout is a very important converter design step to make
sure the designed converter works well. For ISL78228, the power
loop is composed of the output inductor (L’s), the output
capacitor (COUT1 and COUT2), the LX’s pins, and the GND pin. It is
necessary to make the power loop as small as possible and the
connecting traces among them should be direct, short and wide.
The switching node of the converter, the LX_ pins, and the traces
connected to the node are very noisy, so keep the voltage
feedback trace away from these noisy traces. The input capacitor
should be placed as closely as possible to the VIN pin. The ground
of input and output capacitors should be connected as closely as
possible. The heat of the IC is mainly dissipated through the
thermal pad. Maximizing the copper area connected to the
thermal pad is preferable. In addition, a solid ground plane is
helpful for better EMI performance. It is recommended to add at
least 5 vias ground connection within the pad for the best
thermal relief.
In Table 3, the minimum output capacitor value is given for
different output voltages to make sure the whole converter
system is stable.
Output Voltage Selection
The output voltage of the regulator can be programmed via an
external resistor divider that is used to scale the output voltage
relative to the internal reference voltage and feed it back to the
inverting input of the error amplifier. Refer to “Typical
Application” on page 2.
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 16 of 18
ISL78228
Revision History
The revision history provided is for informational purposes only and is believed to be accurate, but not warranted. Please go to web to make sure you
have the latest Rev.
DATE
REVISION
CHANGE
February 26, 2016
FN7849.4
Last paragraph on page 1 changed AEC-100 rated to AEC-Q100 qualified.
Features on page 1 changed AEC-100 tested to AEC-Q100 qualified.
Added Table of key differences on page 1.
Updated “Ordering Information” table on page 3 by adding tape and reel options in note.
April 13, 2015
FN7849.3
“Absolute Maximum Ratings (Reference to GND)” on page 4: Updated CDM testing from: Charged Device
Model (Tested per JESD22-C101E) to Charged Device Model (Tested per AEC-Q100-011).
Updated POD L10.3x3C to most current revision with changes as follows:
Tiebar Note 4 updated
From: Tiebar shown (if present) is a non-functional feature.
To: Tiebar shown (if present) is a non-functional feature and may be located on any of the 4 sides (or ends).
December 4, 2013
FN7849.2
Page 1:
changed last paragraph in description from:
“The ISL78228 is rated for the automotive temperature range (-40°C to +105°C).”
to:
“The ISL78228 is AEC-Q100 rated. The ISL78228 is rated for the automotive temperature range
(-40°C to +105°C).”
Features bullet changed from: “Qualified for automotive applications” to: “AEC-Q100 Tested”
October 22, 2013
FN7849.1
Page 1 - Added the words "Qualified for automotive applications" under the Features section
May 2, 2011
FN7849.0
Initial Release
About Intersil
Intersil Corporation is a leading provider of innovative power management and precision analog solutions. The company's products
address some of the largest markets within the industrial and infrastructure, mobile computing and high-end consumer markets.
For the most updated datasheet, application notes, related documentation and related parts, please see the respective product
information page found at www.intersil.com.
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Reliability reports are also available from our website at www.intersil.com/support
© Copyright Intersil Americas LLC 2011-2016. All Rights Reserved.
All trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
For additional products, see www.intersil.com/en/products.html
Intersil Automotive Qualified products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing TS16949 quality systems as noted
in the quality certifications found at www.intersil.com/en/support/qualandreliability.html
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil may modify the circuit design and/or specifications of products at any time without notice, provided that such
modification does not, in Intersil's sole judgment, affect the form, fit or function of the product. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that datasheets are
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For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
Page 17 of 18
ISL78228
Package Outline Drawing
L10.3x3C
10 LEAD DUAL FLAT PACKAGE (DFN)
Rev 4, 3/15
3.00
5
PIN #1 INDEX AREA
A
B
10
5
PIN 1
INDEX AREA
1
2.38
3.00
0.50
2
10 x 0.25
6
(4X)
0.10 C B
1.64
TOP VIEW
10x 0.40
BOTTOM VIEW
(4X)
0.10 M C B
SEE DETAIL "X"
(10 x 0.60)
(10x 0.25)
0.90
MAX
0.10 C
BASE PLANE
2.38
0.20
C
SEATING PLANE
0.08 C
SIDE VIEW
(8x 0.50)
1.64
2.80 TYP
C
TYPICAL RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
0.20 REF
4
0.05
DETAIL "X"
NOTES:
FN7849 Rev 4.00
February 26, 2016
1.
Dimensions are in millimeters.
Dimensions in ( ) for Reference Only.
2.
Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to AMSE Y14.5m-1994.
3.
Unless otherwise specified, tolerance : Decimal ± 0.05
4.
Tiebar shown (if present) is a non-functional feature and may be
located on any of the 4 sides (or ends).
5.
The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be
located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 identifier may be
either a mold or mark feature.
6.
Compliant to JEDEC MO-229-WEED-3 except for E-PAD
dimensions.
Page 18 of 18
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