M38B78M1H-AXXXFP

To all our customers Regarding the change of names mentioned in the document, such as Mitsubishi Electric and Mitsubishi XX, to Renesas Technology Corp. The semiconductor operations of Hitachi and Mitsubishi Electric were transferred to Renesas Technology Corporation on April 1st 2003. These operations include microcomputer, logic, analog and discrete devices, and memory chips other than DRAMs (flash memory, SRAMs etc.) Accordingly, although Mitsubishi Electric, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Mitsubishi Semiconductors, and other Mitsubishi brand names are mentioned in the document, these names have in fact all been changed to Renesas Technology Corp. Thank you for your understanding. Except for our corporate trademark, logo and corporate statement, no changes whatsoever have been made to the contents of the document, and these changes do not constitute any alteration to the contents of the document itself. Note : Mitsubishi Electric will continue the business operations of high frequency & optical devices and power devices. Renesas Technology Corp. Customer Support Dept. April 1, 2003 MITSUBISHI 8-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER 740 FAMILY / 38000 SERIES 38B7 Group User’s Manual http://www.infomicom.maec.co.jp/indexe.htm Before using this material, please visit the above website to confirm that this is the most current document available. Rev. 1.3 Revision date: Jan. 29, 2003 Keep safety first in your circuit designs! • Mitsubishi Electric Corporation puts the maximum effort into making semiconductor products better and more reliable, but there is always the possibility that trouble may occur with them. Trouble with semiconductors may lead to personal injury, fire or property damage. Remember to give due consideration to safety when making your circuit designs, with appropriate measures such as (i) placement of substitutive, auxiliary circuits, (ii) use of nonflammable material or (iii) prevention against any malfunction or mishap. Notes regarding these materials • • • • • • • • These materials are intended as a reference to assist our customers in the selection of the Mitsubishi semiconductor product best suited to the customer's application; they do not convey any license under any intellectual property rights, or any other rights, belonging to Mitsubishi Electric Corporation or a third party. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation assumes no responsibility for any damage, or infringement of any third-party's rights, originating in the use of any product data, diagrams, charts, programs, algorithms, or circuit application examples contained in these materials. All information contained in these materials, including product data, diagrams, charts, programs and algorithms represents information on products at the time of publication of these materials, and are subject to change by Mitsubishi Electric Corporation without notice due to product improvements or other reasons. It is therefore recommended that customers contact Mitsubishi Electric Corporation or an authorized Mitsubishi Semiconductor product distributor for the latest product information before purchasing a product listed herein. The information described here may contain technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation assumes no responsibility for any damage, liability, or other loss rising from these inaccuracies or errors. Please also pay attention to information published by Mitsubishi Electric Corporation by various means, including the Mitsubishi Semiconductor home page (http:// www.mitsubishichips.com). When using any or all of the information contained in these materials, including product data, diagrams, charts, programs, and algorithms, please be sure to evaluate all information as a total system before making a final decision on the applicability of the information and products. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation assumes no responsibility for any damage, liability or other loss resulting from the information contained herein. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation semiconductors are not designed or manufactured for use in a device or system that is used under circumstances in which human life is potentially at stake. Please contact Mitsubishi Electric Corporation or an authorized Mitsubishi Semiconductor product distributor when considering the use of a product contained herein for any specific purposes, such as apparatus or systems for transportation, vehicular, medical, aerospace, nuclear, or undersea repeater use. The prior written approval of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation is necessary to reprint or reproduce in whole or in part these materials. If these products or technologies are subject to the Japanese export control restrictions, they must be exported under a license from the Japanese government and cannot be imported into a country other than the approved destination. Any diversion or reexport contrary to the export control laws and regulations of Japan and/ or the country of destination is prohibited. Please contact Mitsubishi Electric Corporation or an authorized Mitsubishi Semiconductor product distributor for further details on these materials or the products contained therein. REVISION HISTORY Rev. 1.0 1.1 Date Page 07/07/00 03/10/00 74 100 First Edition 38B7 GROUP USER’S MANUAL Description Summary Mask options B to G are shaded to show that they cannoto be specified. Note 4 added. Absolute maximum ratings VEE VCC–45 to VCC +0.3 VI VCC–45 to VCC +0.3 VO VCC–45 to VCC +0.3 Explanations of “DESCRIPTION” are partly eliminated. Oscillation frequency value of “FEATURES” are partly revised. Figure 3 is partly revised. Figure 4 is partly revised. “MASK OPTION OF PULL-DOWN RESISTOR” is eliminated. Explanations of “sNote” are revised. “sNotes” is added. “Electric Characteristic Differences Between Mask ROM and Flash Memory Version MCUs” is added. Sub clause name and explanations of “(7) Setting procedure when serial I/O2 transmit interrupt is used” are revised. Clause name and explanations of “2.11.3 Each port state during “L” state of RESET pin” are revised. Table name of Table 2.11.1 is revised. Note of Table 2.11.1 is eliminated. Table 2.13.1 is partly revised. Explanations of “2.13.5 Serial I/O mode” are partly revised. Table 2.13.2 is partly revised. Figure 3.2.2 is revised. Sub clause name and explanations of “(1) Change of relevant register settings” are revised. Sub clause name and explanations of “(7) Setting procedure when serial I/O2 transmit interrupt is used” are revised. Clause name and explanations of “3.3.11 Each port state during “L” state of RESET pin” are revised. Table name of Table 3.3.3 is revised. 1.2 11/01/01 1-2 1-2 1-7 1-8 1-75 1-21 1-41 1-100 2-91 2-164 2-164 2-164 2-177 2-177 2-177 3-10 3-15 3-21 3-23 3-23 1.3 01/29/03 (1/1) Preface This user’s manual describes Mitsubishi’s CMOS 8bit microcomputers 38B7 Group. After reading this manual, the user should have a through knowledge of the functions and features of the 38B7 Group, and should be able to fully utilize the product. The manual starts with specifications and ends with application examples. For details of software, refer to the “740 Family Software Manual.” For details of development support tools, refer to the “Mitsubishi Microcomputer Development Support Tools” Homepage (http://www.tool-spt.maec.co.jp/index_e.htm). B EFORE USING THIS USER’S MANUAL This user’s manual consists of the following three chapters. Refer to the chapter appropriate to your conditions, such as hardware design or software development. 1. Organization q C HAPTER 1 HARDWARE This chapter describes features of the microcomputer and operation of each peripheral function. q C HAPTER 2 APPLICATION This chapter describes usage and application examples of peripheral functions, based mainly on setting examples of relevant registers. q C HAPTER 3 APPENDIX This chapter includes a list of registers, and necessary information for systems development using the microcomputer. 2. Structure of Register The figure of each register structure describes its functions, contents at reset, and attributes as follows: (Note 2) Bits b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 Bit attributes (Note 1) Contents immediately after reset release CPU mode register (CPUM) [Address : 3B 16] b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Stack page selection bit Name Processor mode bits b1 b0 Functions 0 0 : Single-chip mode 01: 1 0 : Not available 11: 0 : 0 page 1 : 1 page At reset RW 0 0 0 0 0 0 ✕ ✕ Nothing arranged for these bits. These are write disabled bits. When these bits are read out, the contents are “0.” Fix this bit to “0.” Main clock division ratio selection bits 0 0 : φ = XIN /2 (High-speed mode) 0 1 : φ = XIN /8 (Middle-speed mode) 1 0 : φ = XIN /8 (Middle-speed mode) 1 1 : φ = XIN (Double-speed mode) b7 b6 1 0 : Bit in which nothing is arranged : Bit that is not used for control of the corresponding function Notes 1: Contents immediately after reset release 0••••••“0” at reset release 1••••••“1” at reset release Undefined••••••Undefined or reset release ✻ ••••••Contents determined by option at reset release 2: Bit attributes••••••The attributes of control register bits are classified into 3 bytes : read-only, write-only and read and write. In the figure, these attributes are represented as follows : R••••••Read ••••••Read enabled ✕••••••Read disabled W••••••Write ••••••Write enabled ✕ ••••••Write disabled Table of contents Table of contents CHAPTER 1 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................ 1-2 FEATURES .................................................................................................................................... 1-2 APPLICATION ................................................................................................................................ 1-2 PIN CONFIGURATION .................................................................................................................. 1-3 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK .................................................................................................................. 1-4 PIN DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................ 1-5 PART NUMBERING ....................................................................................................................... 1-7 GROUP EXPANSION .................................................................................................................... 1-8 Memory Type ............................................................................................................................ 1-8 Memory Size ............................................................................................................................. 1-8 Package ..................................................................................................................................... 1-8 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... 1-9 Central Processing Unit (CPU) .............................................................................................. 1-9 Memory .................................................................................................................................... 1-13 I/O Ports .................................................................................................................................. 1-15 Interrupts ................................................................................................................................. 1-21 Timers ...................................................................................................................................... 1-24 Serial I/O ................................................................................................................................. 1-29 FLD Controller ........................................................................................................................ 1-44 A-D Converter ......................................................................................................................... 1-61 D-A Converter ......................................................................................................................... 1-62 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) ........................................................................................... 1-63 Interrupt Interval Determination Function ............................................................................ 1-66 Watchdog Timer ..................................................................................................................... 1-68 Buzzer Output Circucit .......................................................................................................... 1-69 Reset Circuit ........................................................................................................................... 1-70 Clock Generating Circuit ....................................................................................................... 1-72 Power Dissipation Calculating Method ................................................................................ 1-75 Flash Memory Mode .............................................................................................................. 1-78 NOTES ON PROGRAMMING ..................................................................................................... 1-99 NOTES ON USAGE ................................................................................................................... 1-100 DATA REQUIRED FOR MASK ORDERS .............................................................................. 1-100 CHAPTER 2 APPLICATION 2.1 I/O port ..................................................................................................................................... 2-2 2.1.1 Memory assignment ....................................................................................................... 2-2 2.1.2 Relevant registers .......................................................................................................... 2-3 2.1.3 Terminate unused pins .................................................................................................. 2-8 2.1.4 Notes on I/O port ........................................................................................................... 2-9 2.1.5 Termination of unused pins ........................................................................................ 2-10 2.2 Timer ....................................................................................................................................... 2-11 2.2.1 Memory map ................................................................................................................. 2-10 2.2.2 Relevant registers ........................................................................................................ 2-12 2.2.3 Timer application examples ........................................................................................ 2-21 38B7 Group User’s Manual i Table of contents 2.3 Serial I/O ................................................................................................................................ 2-37 2.3.1 Memory map ................................................................................................................. 2-37 2.3.2 Relevant registers ........................................................................................................ 2-38 2.3.3 Serial I/O1 connection examples ............................................................................... 2-50 2.3.4 Serial I/O1’s modes ..................................................................................................... 2-52 2.3.5 Serial I/O1 application examples ............................................................................... 2-53 2.3.6 Serial I/O2 connection examples ............................................................................... 2-59 2.3.7 Serial I/O2’s modes ..................................................................................................... 2-61 2.3.8 Serial I/O2 application examples ............................................................................... 2-62 2.3.9 Serial I/O3 connection examples ............................................................................... 2-81 2.3.10 Serial I/O3’s modes ................................................................................................... 2-83 2.3.11 Serial I/O3 application examples ............................................................................. 2-84 2.3.12 Notes on serial I/O1 .................................................................................................. 2-87 2.3.13 Notes on serial I/O2 .................................................................................................. 2-89 2.4 FLD controller ...................................................................................................................... 2-92 2.4.1 Memory assignment ..................................................................................................... 2-92 2.4.2 Relevant registers ........................................................................................................ 2-93 2.4.3 FLD controller application examples ....................................................................... 2-101 2.4.4 Notes on FLD controller ............................................................................................ 2-132 2.5 A-D converter ..................................................................................................................... 2-133 2.5.1 Memory assignment ................................................................................................... 2-133 2.5.2 Relevant registers ...................................................................................................... 2-134 2.5.3 A-D converter application examples ........................................................................ 2-138 2.5.4 Notes on A-D converter ............................................................................................ 2-140 2.6 D-A converter ..................................................................................................................... 2-141 2.6.1 Memory assignment ................................................................................................... 2-141 2.6.2 Relevant registers ...................................................................................................... 2-141 2.6.3 D-A converter application examples ........................................................................ 2-143 2.6.4 Notes on D-A converter ............................................................................................ 2-144 2.7 PWM ...................................................................................................................................... 2-145 2.7.1 Memory assignment ................................................................................................... 2-145 2.7.2 Relevant registers ...................................................................................................... 2-145 2.7.3 PWM application example ......................................................................................... 2-147 2.7.4 Notes on PWM ........................................................................................................... 2-148 2.8 Interrupt interval determination function ..................................................................... 2-149 2.8.1 Memory assignment ................................................................................................... 2-149 2.8.2 Relevant registers ...................................................................................................... 2-149 2.8.3 Interrupt interval determination function application examples ............................ 2-153 2.9 Watchdog timer .................................................................................................................. 2-157 2.9.1 Memory assignment ................................................................................................... 2-157 2.9.2 Relevant register ........................................................................................................ 2-157 2.9.3 Watchdog timer application examples ..................................................................... 2-159 2.9.4 Notes on watchdog timer .......................................................................................... 2-160 2.10 Buzzer output circuit ...................................................................................................... 2-161 2.10.1 Memory assignment ................................................................................................. 2-161 2.10.2 Relevant register ...................................................................................................... 2-161 2.10.3 Buzzer output circuit application examples .......................................................... 2-162 2.11 Reset circuit ..................................................................................................................... 2-163 2.11.1 Connection example of reset IC ............................................................................ 2-163 2.11.2 Notes on reset .......................................................................................................... 2-164 2.11.3 Each port state during “L” state of RESET pin ................................................... 2-164 ii 38B7 Group User’s Manual Table of contents 2.12 Clock generating circuit ................................................................................................ 2-165 2.12.1 Relevant register ...................................................................................................... 2-165 2.12.2 Clock generating circuit application examples ..................................................... 2-166 2.13 Flash memory ................................................................................................................... 2-174 2.13.1 Overview .................................................................................................................... 2-174 2.13.2 Memory map ............................................................................................................. 2-174 2.13.3 Relevant registers .................................................................................................... 2-175 2.13.4 Parallel I/O mode ..................................................................................................... 2-177 2.13.5 Serial I/O mode ........................................................................................................ 2-177 2.13.6 CPU reprogramming mode ..................................................................................... 2-178 2.13.7 Flash memory mode application examples .......................................................... 2-179 2.13.8 Notes on CPU reprogramming mode .................................................................... 2-188 2.13.9 Notes on flash memory version ............................................................................. 2-188 CHAPTER 3 APPENDIX 3.1 Electrical characteristics ..................................................................................................... 3-2 3.1.1 Absolute maximum ratings ............................................................................................ 3-2 3.1.2 Recommended operating conditions ............................................................................ 3-2 3.1.3 Electrical characteristics ................................................................................................ 3-4 3.1.4 A-D converter characteristics ....................................................................................... 3-6 3.1.5 D-A converter characteristics ....................................................................................... 3-6 3.1.6 Timing requirements and switching characteristics ................................................... 3-7 3.2 Standard characteristics .................................................................................................... 3-10 3.2.1 Power source current standard characteristics ........................................................ 3-10 3.2.2 Port standard characteristics ...................................................................................... 3-11 3.2.3 A-D conversion standard characteristics ................................................................... 3-14 3.3 Notes on use ........................................................................................................................ 3-15 3.3.1 Notes on interrupts ...................................................................................................... 3-15 3.3.2 Notes on I/O port ......................................................................................................... 3-16 3.3.3 Notes on serial I/O1 .................................................................................................... 3-17 3.3.4 Notes on serial I/O2 .................................................................................................... 3-19 3.3.5 Notes on FLD controller .............................................................................................. 3-21 3.3.6 Notes on A-D converter .............................................................................................. 3-22 3.3.7 Notes on D-A converter .............................................................................................. 3-22 3.3.8 Notes on PWM ............................................................................................................. 3-22 3.3.9 Notes on watchdog timer ............................................................................................ 3-23 3.3.10 Notes on reset ............................................................................................................ 3-23 3.3.11 Each pin state during “L” state of RESET pin ...................................................... 3-23 3.3.12 Notes on programming .............................................................................................. 3-24 3.3.13 Notes on CPU reprogramming mode ...................................................................... 3-26 3.3.14 Notes on flash memory version ............................................................................... 3-26 3.3.15 Termination of unused pins ...................................................................................... 3-27 3.4 Countermeasures against noise ...................................................................................... 3-28 3.4.1 Shortest wiring length .................................................................................................. 3-28 3.4.2 Connection of bypass capacitor across V SS l ine and V CC l ine ............................... 3-30 3.4.3 Wiring to analog input pins ........................................................................................ 3-31 3.4.4 Oscillator concerns ....................................................................................................... 3-32 3.4.5 Setup for I/O ports ....................................................................................................... 3-33 3.4.6 Providing of watchdog timer function by software .................................................. 3-34 38B7 Group User’s Manual iii Table of contents 3.5 Control registers .................................................................................................................. 3-35 3.6 Package outline ................................................................................................................... 3-75 3.7 Machine instructions .......................................................................................................... 3-76 3.8 List of instruction code ..................................................................................................... 3-87 3.9 M35501FP .............................................................................................................................. 3-88 3.10 SFR memory map ............................................................................................................ 3-100 3.11 Pin configuration ............................................................................................................. 3-101 iv 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual List of figures List of figures CHAPTER 1 HARDWARE Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 1 Pin configuration of M38B79MFH-XXXXFP .................................................................... 1-3 2 Functional block diagram ................................................................................................... 1-4 3 Part numbering .................................................................................................................... 1-7 4 Memory expansion plan ..................................................................................................... 1-8 5 740 Family CPU register structure................................................................................... 1-9 6 Register push and pop at interrupt generation and subroutine call ......................... 1-10 7 Structure of CPU mode register ..................................................................................... 1-12 8 Memory map diagram ...................................................................................................... 1-13 9 Memory map of special function register (SFR) .......................................................... 1-14 10 Structure of pull-up control registers (PULL1, PULL2 and PULL3) ........................ 1-15 11 Port block diagram (1) ................................................................................................... 1-18 12 Port block diagram (2) ................................................................................................... 1-19 13 Port block diagram (3) ................................................................................................... 1-20 14 Interrupt control ............................................................................................................... 1-23 15 Structure of interrupt related registers ........................................................................ 1-23 16 Structure of timer related register ................................................................................ 1-24 17 Block diagram of timer .................................................................................................. 1-25 18 Timing chart of timer 6 PWM 1 m ode ........................................................................... 1-26 19 Block diagram of timer X .............................................................................................. 1-28 20 Structure of timer X related registers .......................................................................... 1-28 21 Block diagram of serial I/O1 ......................................................................................... 1-29 22 Structure of serail I/O1 control registers 1, 2 ............................................................ 1-30 23 Structure of serial I/O1 control register 3 ................................................................... 1-31 24 Structure of serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer ........................................... 1-32 25 Automatic transfer serial I/O operation ....................................................................... 1-33 26 SSTB1 o utput operation .................................................................................................... 1-34 27 SBUSY1 i nput operation (internal synchronous clock) ................................................... 1-34 28 S BUSY1 i nput operation (external synchronous clock) .................................................. 1-34 29 SBUSY1 o utput operation (internal synchronous clock, 8-bits serial I/O) ................... 1-35 30 SBUSY1 o utput operation (external synchronous clock, 8-bits serial I/O) .................. 1-35 31 SBUSY1 o utput operation in automatic transfer serial I/O mode (internal synchronous clock, SBUSY1 o utput function outputs each 1-byte) ................................................... 1-35 32 SRDY1 o utput operation .................................................................................................... 1-36 33 SRDY1 i nput operation (internal synchronous clock) .................................................... 1-36 34 Handshake operation at serial I/O1 mutual connecting (1) ...................................... 1-37 35 Handshake operation at serial I/O1 mutual connecting (2) ...................................... 1-37 36 Block diagram of clock snchronous serial I/O2 ......................................................... 1-38 37 Operation of clock synchronous serial I/O2 function ................................................ 1-38 38 Block diagram of UART serial I/O2 ............................................................................. 1-39 39 Operation of UART serial I/O2 function ...................................................................... 1-39 40 Structure of serial I/O2 related register ...................................................................... 1-41 41 Block diagram of serial I/O3 ......................................................................................... 1-42 42 Structure of serial I/O3 control register ....................................................................... 1-42 43 Timing of serial I/O3 (LSB first) ................................................................................... 1-43 44 Block diagram for FLD control circuit .......................................................................... 1-45 45 Structure of FLDC related registers (1) ...................................................................... 1-46 46 Structure of FLDC related registers (2) ...................................................................... 1-47 38B7 Group User’s Manual i List of figures Fig. 47 Structure of FLDC related registers (3) ...................................................................... 1-48 Fig. 48 Structure of FLDC related registers (4) ...................................................................... 1-49 Fig. 49 Segment/Digit setting example ..................................................................................... 1-50 Fig. 50 FLD automatic display RAM assignment .................................................................... 1-51 Fig. 51 Example of using FLD automatic display RAM in 16-timing • ordinary mode ......... 1-52 Fig. 52 Example of using FLD automatic display RAM in 16-timing • gradation display mode ........................................................................................................................................................ 1-53 Fig. 53 Example of using FLD automatic display RAM in 32-timing mode ......................... 1-54 Fig. 54 FLD and digit output timing .......................................................................................... 1-55 Fig. 55 Timing using digit interrupt ........................................................................................... 1-56 Fig. 56 Timing using FLD blanking interrupt ............................................................................ 1-57 Fig. 57 P64 t o P67 F LD output pulses ...................................................................................... 1-58 Fig. 58 Toff section generating/nothing function ..................................................................... 1-59 Fig. 59 Digit pulses output function .......................................................................................... 1-60 Fig. 60 Structure of AD/DA control register ............................................................................. 1-61 Fig. 61 Black diagram of A-D converter ................................................................................... 1-61 Fig. 62 Black diagram of D-A converter ................................................................................... 1-62 Fig. 63 Equivalent connection circuit of D-A converter .......................................................... 1-62 Fig. 64 PWM block diagram ....................................................................................................... 1-63 Fig. 65 PWM timing ..................................................................................................................... 1-64 Fig. 66 Structure of PWM control register ............................................................................... 1-65 Fig. 67 14-bit PWM timing .......................................................................................................... 1-65 Fig. 68 Interrupt interval determination circuit block diagram ............................................... 1-66 Fig. 69 Structure of itnerrupt interval determination control register .................................... 1-67 Fig. 70 Interrupt inteval determination operation example (at rising edge active) ............. 1-67 Fig. 71 Interrupt interval determination operation example (at both-sided edge active) ... 1-67 Fig. 72 Block diagram of watchdog timer ................................................................................. 1-68 Fig. 73 Structure of watchdog timer control register .............................................................. 1-68 Fig. 74 Block diagram of buzzer output circuit ........................................................................ 1-69 Fig. 75 Structure of buzzer output control register ................................................................ 1-69 Fig. 76 Reset circuit example .................................................................................................... 1-70 Fig. 77 Reset sequence .............................................................................................................. 1-70 Fig. 78 Internal status at reset .................................................................................................. 1-71 Fig. 79 Ceramic resonator circuit .............................................................................................. 1-72 Fig. 80 External clock input circuit ............................................................................................ 1-72 Fig. 81 Clock generating circuit block diagram ....................................................................... 1-73 Fig. 82 State transitions of system clock ................................................................................. 1-74 Fig. 83 Digit timing waveform (1) .............................................................................................. 1-76 Fig. 84 Digit timing waveform (2) .............................................................................................. 1-77 Fig. 85 Pin connection of M38B79FF when operating in parallel input/output mode ........ 1-80 Fig. 86 Read timong .................................................................................................................... 1-81 Fig. 87 Timings during reading .................................................................................................. 1-82 Fig. 88 Input/output timings during programming (Verify data is output at the same timing as for read.) ......................................................................................................................... 1-83 Fig. 89 Input/output timings during erasing (verify data is output at the same timing as for read.)................................................................................................................................ 1-84 Fig. 90 Programming/Erasing algorithm flow chart ................................................................. 1-86 Fig. 91 Pin connection of M38B79FF when operating in serial I/O mode .......................... 1-88 Fig. 92 Timings during reading .................................................................................................. 1-90 Fig. 93 Timings during programming ......................................................................................... 1-91 Fig. 94 Timings during program verify ...................................................................................... 1-91 Fig. 95 Timings at erasing .......................................................................................................... 1-92 ii 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual List of figures Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 96 Timings during erase verify........................................................................................... 1-92 97 Timings at error checking .............................................................................................. 1-93 98 Flash memory control register bit configuration ......................................................... 1-95 99 Flash command register bit configuration ................................................................... 1-96 100 CPU mode register bit configuration in CPU rewriting mode ................................ 1-96 101 Flowchart of program/erase operation at CPU reprogramming mode .................. 1-98 CHAPTER 2 APPLICATION Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 2.1.1 Memory assignment of I/O port relevant registers .................................................. 2-2 2.1.2 Structure of port Pi (i = 0 to 7, 9, A) ....................................................................... 2-3 2.1.3 Structure of port P8 ..................................................................................................... 2-3 2.1.4 Structure of port PB..................................................................................................... 2-4 2.1.5 Structure of port Pi (i = 1, 3 to 7, 9, A) direction register .................................... 2-4 2.1.6 Structure of port P8 direction register ...................................................................... 2-5 2.1.7 Structure of port PB direction register ...................................................................... 2-5 2.1.8 Structure of pull-up control register 1 ....................................................................... 2-6 2.1.9 Structure of pull-up control register 2 ....................................................................... 2-6 2.1.10 Structure of pull-up control register 3 ..................................................................... 2-7 2.2.1 Memory map of registers relevant to timers .......................................................... 2-11 2.2.2 Structure of Timer i (i=1, 3 to 6) ............................................................................. 2-12 2.2.3 Structure of Timer 2 .................................................................................................. 2-12 2.2.4 Structure of Timer 6 PWM register ......................................................................... 2-12 2.2.5 Structure of Timer 12 mode register ....................................................................... 2-13 2.2.6 Structure of Timer 34 mode register ....................................................................... 2-13 2.2.7 Structure of Timer 56 mode register ....................................................................... 2-14 2.2.8 Structure of Timer X (low-order, high-order) .......................................................... 2-15 2.2.9 Structure of Timer X mode register 1 ..................................................................... 2-16 2.2.10 Structure of Timer X mode register 2 ................................................................... 2-17 2.2.11 Structure of Interrupt request register 1 ............................................................... 2-18 2.2.12 Structure of Interrupt request register 2 ............................................................... 2-19 2.2.13 Structure of Interrupt control register 1 ................................................................ 2-20 2.2.14 Structure of Interrupt control register 2 ................................................................ 2-20 2.2.15 Timers connection and setting of division ratios ................................................. 2-22 2.2.16 Relevant registers setting ....................................................................................... 2-23 2.2.17 Control procedure..................................................................................................... 2-24 2.2.18 Peripheral circuit example ....................................................................................... 2-25 2.2.19 Timers connection and setting of division ratios ................................................. 2-25 2.2.20 Relevant registers setting ....................................................................................... 2-26 2.2.21 Control procedure..................................................................................................... 2-26 2.2.22 Judgment method of valid/invalid of input pulses ............................................... 2-27 2.2.23 Relevant registers setting ....................................................................................... 2-28 2.2.24 Control procedure..................................................................................................... 2-29 2.2.25 Timers connection and setting of division ratios ................................................. 2-30 2.2.26 Relevant registers setting ....................................................................................... 2-31 2.2.27 Control procedure..................................................................................................... 2-32 2.2.28 Timers connection and table example of timer X/RTP setting values ............. 2-34 2.2.29 RTP output example ................................................................................................ 2-34 2.2.30 Relevant registers setting ....................................................................................... 2-35 2.2.31 Control procedure..................................................................................................... 2-36 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual iii List of figures Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 2.3.1 Memory map of registers relevant to Serial I/O .................................................... 2-37 2.3.2 Structure of Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer ...................................... 2-38 2.3.3 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 1 .............................................................. 2-39 2.3.4 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 2 .............................................................. 2-40 2.3.5 Structure of Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter ................................................. 2-41 2.3.6 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 3 .............................................................. 2-42 2.3.7 Structure of Baud rate generator ............................................................................. 2-43 2.3.8 Structure of UART control register .......................................................................... 2-43 2.3.9 Structure of Serial I/O2 control register.................................................................. 2-44 2.3.10 Structure of Serial I/O2 status register ................................................................. 2-45 2.3.11 Structure of Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register ..................................... 2-45 2.3.12 Structure of Serial I/O3 control register ................................................................ 2-46 2.3.13 Structure of Serial I/O3 register ............................................................................. 2-46 2.3.14 Structure of Interrupt source switch register ........................................................ 2-47 2.3.15 Structure of Interrupt request register 1 ............................................................... 2-47 2.3.16 Structure of Interrupt request register 2 ............................................................... 2-48 2.3.17 Structure of Interrupt control register 1 ................................................................ 2-49 2.3.18 Structure of Interrupt control register 2 ................................................................ 2-49 2.3.19 Serial I/O1 connection examples (1) ..................................................................... 2-50 2.3.20 Serial I/O1 connection examples (2) ..................................................................... 2-51 2.3.21 Serial I/O1 ’ s modes ................................................................................................. 2-52 2.3.22 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-53 2.3.23 Timing chart .............................................................................................................. 2-53 2.3.24 Registers setting relevant to transmission side ................................................... 2-54 2.3.25 Setting of transmission data ................................................................................... 2-54 2.3.26 Control procedure..................................................................................................... 2-55 2.3.27 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-56 2.3.28 Timing chart of serial data transmission/reception .............................................. 2-56 2.3.29 Relevant registers setting ....................................................................................... 2-57 2.3.30 Control procedure..................................................................................................... 2-58 2.3.31 Serial I/O2 connection examples (1) ..................................................................... 2-59 2.3.32 Serial I/O2 connection examples (2) ..................................................................... 2-60 2.3.33 Serial I/O2 ’ s modes ................................................................................................. 2-61 2.3.34 Serial I/O2 transfer data format ............................................................................. 2-61 2.3.35 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-62 2.3.36 Timing chart .............................................................................................................. 2-62 2.3.37 Registers setting relevant to transmission side ................................................... 2-63 2.3.38 Registers setting relevant to reception side......................................................... 2-64 2.3.39 Control procedure of transmission side ................................................................ 2-65 2.3.40 Control procedure of reception side ...................................................................... 2-66 2.3.41 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-67 2.3.42 Timing chart .............................................................................................................. 2-67 2.3.43 Relevant registers setting ....................................................................................... 2-68 2.3.44 Setting of transmission data ................................................................................... 2-68 2.3.45 Control procedure..................................................................................................... 2-69 2.3.46 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-70 2.3.47 Timing chart .............................................................................................................. 2-71 2.3.48 Relevant registers setting in master unit .............................................................. 2-71 2.3.49 Relevant registers setting in slave unit ................................................................ 2-72 2.3.50 Control procedure of master unit ........................................................................... 2-73 2.3.51 Control procedure of slave unit ............................................................................. 2-74 2.3.52 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-75 iv 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual List of figures Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 2.3.53 Timing chart .............................................................................................................. 2-75 2.3.54 Registers setting relevant to transmission side ................................................... 2-77 2.3.55 Registers setting relevant to reception side......................................................... 2-78 2.3.56 Control procedure of transmission side ................................................................ 2-79 2.3.57 Control procedure of reception side ...................................................................... 2-80 2.3.58 Serial I/O3 connection examples (1) ..................................................................... 2-81 2.3.59 Serial I/O3 connection examples (2) ..................................................................... 2-82 2.3.60 Serial I/O3 ’ s modes ................................................................................................. 2-83 2.3.61 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-84 2.3.62 Timing chart .............................................................................................................. 2-84 2.3.63 Registers setting relevant to transmission side ................................................... 2-85 2.3.64 Setting of transmission data ................................................................................... 2-85 2.3.65 Control procedure..................................................................................................... 2-86 2.3.66 Sequence of setting serial I/O2 control register again ....................................... 2-90 2.4.1 Memory assignment of FLD controller relevant registers ..................................... 2-92 2.4.2 Structure of Port P0 digit output set switch register ............................................ 2-93 2.4.3 Structure of Port P2 digit output set switch register ............................................ 2-93 2.4.4 Structure of FLDC mode register............................................................................. 2-94 2.4.5 Structure of Tdisp time set register ......................................................................... 2-95 2.4.6 Structure of Toff1 time set register ......................................................................... 2-96 2.4.7 Structure of Toff2 time set register ......................................................................... 2-96 2.4.8 Structure of FLD data pointer/FLD data pointer reload register ......................... 2-97 2.4.9 Structure of port P4FLD/port switch register.......................................................... 2-97 2.4.10 Structure of port P5FLD/port switch register ....................................................... 2-98 2.4.11 Structure of port P6FLD/port switch register ....................................................... 2-98 2.4.12 Structure of FLD output control register ............................................................... 2-99 2.4.13 Structure of Interrupt request register 2 ............................................................. 2-100 2.4.14 Structure of Interrupt control register 2 .............................................................. 2-100 2.4.15 Connection diagram ............................................................................................... 2-101 2.4.16 Timing chart of key-scan using FLD automatic display mode and segments ................................................................................................................................. 2-101 2.4.17 Enlarged view of FLD0 ( P20) to FLD7 (P2 7) Tscan ........................................... 2-101 2.4.18 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................. 2-102 2.4.19 FLD digit allocation example ................................................................................ 2-105 2.4.20 Control procedure................................................................................................... 2-106 2.4.21 Connection diagram ............................................................................................... 2-108 2.4.22 Timing chart of key-scan using FLD automatic display mode and digits ...... 2-109 2.4.23 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................. 2-110 2.4.24 FLD digit allocation example ................................................................................ 2-113 2.4.25 Control procedure................................................................................................... 2-114 2.4.26 Connection diagram ............................................................................................... 2-116 2.4.27 Timing chart of FLD display by software ........................................................... 2-116 2.4.28 Enlarged view of P20 t o P27 k ey-scan ................................................................ 2-116 2.4.29 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................. 2-117 2.4.30 FLD digit allocation example ................................................................................ 2-118 2.4.31 Control procedure................................................................................................... 2-119 2.4.32 Connection diagram ............................................................................................... 2-120 2.4.33 Timing chart of 38B7 Group and M35501FP ..................................................... 2-121 2.4.34 Timing chart (enlarged view) of digit and segment output .............................. 2-121 2.4.35 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................. 2-122 2.4.36 FLD digit allocation example ................................................................................ 2-125 2.4.37 Control procedure................................................................................................... 2-125 2.4.38 Connection diagram ............................................................................................... 2-126 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual v List of figures Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 2.4.39 Timing chart (at correct state) of 38B7 Group and M35501FP ...................... 2-127 2.4.40 Timing chart (at incorrect state) of 38B7 Group and M35501FP ................... 2-127 2.4.41 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................. 2-128 2.4.42 Control procedure................................................................................................... 2-130 2.5.1 Memory assignment of A-D converter relevant registers ................................... 2-133 2.5.2 Structure of AD/DA control register ....................................................................... 2-134 2.5.3 Structure of A-D conversion register (low-order) ................................................. 2-135 2.5.4 Structure of A-D conversion register (high-order) ............................................... 2-135 2.5.5 Structure of Interrupt source switch register ........................................................ 2-136 2.5.6 Structure of Interrupt request register 2 ............................................................... 2-136 2.5.7 Structure of Interrupt control register 2 ................................................................ 2-137 2.5.8 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-138 2.5.9 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................... 2-138 2.5.10 Control procedure................................................................................................... 2-139 2.6.1 Memory assignment of D-A converter relevant registers ................................... 2-141 2.6.2 Structure of D-A conversion register ..................................................................... 2-141 2.6.3 Structure of AD/DA control register ....................................................................... 2-142 2.6.4 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-143 2.6.5 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................... 2-143 2.6.6 Control procedure ..................................................................................................... 2-144 2.7.1 Memory assignment of PWM relevant registers .................................................. 2-145 2.7.2 Structure of PWM control register ......................................................................... 2-145 2.7.3 Structure of PWM register (high-order) ................................................................. 2-146 2.7.4 Structure of PWM register (low-order) .................................................................. 2-146 2.7.5 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-147 2.7.6 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................... 2-147 2.7.7 Control procedure ..................................................................................................... 2-148 2.7.8 PWM0 o utput ............................................................................................................. 2-148 2.8.1 Memory assignment of interrupt interval determination function relevant registers ................................................................................................................................... 2-149 2.8.2 Structure of Interrupt interval determination register .......................................... 2-149 2.8.3 Structure of Interrupt interval determination control register ............................. 2-150 2.8.4 Structure of Interrupt edge selection register ...................................................... 2-150 2.8.5 Structure of Interrupt request register 1 ............................................................... 2-151 2.8.6 Structure of Interrupt control register 1 ................................................................ 2-152 2.8.7 Connection diagram ................................................................................................. 2-153 2.8.8 Function block diagram ........................................................................................... 2-153 2.8.9 Timing chart of data determination ........................................................................ 2-153 2.8.10 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................. 2-154 2.8.11 Control procedure................................................................................................... 2-155 2.8.12 Reception of remote-control data (timer 2 interrupt) ........................................ 2-156 2.9.1 Memory assignment of watchdog timer relevant register ................................... 2-157 2.9.2 Structure of Watchdog timer control register ....................................................... 2-157 2.9.3 Structure of CPU mode register ............................................................................ 2-158 2.9.4 Connection of watchdog timer and setting of division ratio ............................... 2-159 2.9.5 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................... 2-159 2.9.6 Control procedure ..................................................................................................... 2-160 2.10.1 Memory assignment of buzzer output circuit relevant register ........................ 2-161 2.10.2 Structure of buzzer output control register......................................................... 2-161 2.10.3 Connection of buzzer output circuit and setting of division ratio.................... 2-162 2.10.4 Setting of relevant register ................................................................................... 2-162 2.10.5 Control procedure................................................................................................... 2-162 vi 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual List of figures Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 2.11.1 Example of power-on reset circuit ....................................................................... 2-163 2.11.2 RAM backup system example .............................................................................. 2-163 2.12.1 Structure of CPU mode register .......................................................................... 2-165 2.12.2 Connection diagram ............................................................................................... 2-166 2.12.3 Status transition diagram during power failure .................................................. 2-166 2.12.4 Setting of relevant registers ................................................................................. 2-167 2.12.5 Control procedure ................................................................................................... 2-168 2.12.6 Structure of clock counter ..................................................................................... 2-169 2.12.7 Initial setting of relevant registers ....................................................................... 2-170 2.12.8 Setting of relevant registers after detecting power failure ............................... 2-171 2.12.9 Control procedure ................................................................................................... 2-172 2.13.1 Memory map of flash memory version for 38B7 Group ................................... 2-174 2.13.2 Memory map of registers relevant to flash memory ......................................... 2-175 2.13.3 Structure of Flash memory control register ........................................................ 2-175 2.13.4 Structure of Flash command register .................................................................. 2-176 2.13.5 Structure of CPU mode register .......................................................................... 2-176 2.13.6 Reprogramming example of built-in flash memory by serial I/O mode .......... 2-179 2.13.7 Processing example of pins on board in serial I/O mode (1) ......................... 2-180 2.13.8 Processing example of pins on board in serial I/O mode (2) ......................... 2-180 2.13.9 Processing example of pins on board in serial I/O mode (3) ......................... 2-181 2.13.10 Example for reprogramming system of built-in flash memory by CPU reprogramming mode ....................................................................................................................... 2-182 2.13.11 CPU reprogramming control program example (1) ......................................... 2-183 2.13.12 CPU reprogramming control program example (2) ......................................... 2-184 2.13.13 CPU reprogramming control program example (3) ......................................... 2-185 2.13.14 CPU reprogramming control program example (4) ......................................... 2-186 2.13.15 V PP c ontrol circuit example (1) ........................................................................... 2-187 2.13.16 V PP c ontrol circuit example (2) ........................................................................... 2-187 CHAPTER 3 APPENDIX Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.2.5 3.2.6 3.2.7 3.2.8 3.2.9 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.5 3.3.6 3.3.7 3.3.8 3.3.9 Circuit for measuring output switching characteristics ............................................ 3-8 Timing diagram ............................................................................................................. 3-9 Power source current standard characteristics ...................................................... 3-10 Power source current standard characteristics (in wait mode) ........................... 3-10 High-breakdown P-channel open-drain output port characteristics (25 ° C) ....... 3-11 High-breakdown P-channel open-drain output port characteristics (90 ° C) ....... 3-11 CMOS output port P-channel side characteristics (25 ° C) .................................. 3-12 CMOS output port P-channel side characteristics (90 ° C) .................................. 3-12 CMOS output port N-channel side characteristics (25 °C) .................................. 3-13 CMOS output port N-channel side characteristics (90 °C) .................................. 3-13 A-D conversion standard characteristics ................................................................. 3-14 Setting procedure of relevant registers ................................................................... 3-15 Sequence of check of interrupt request bit ............................................................ 3-16 Structure of interrupt control register 2 .................................................................. 3-16 Sequence of setting serial I/O2 control register again ......................................... 3-20 PWM 0 o utput ............................................................................................................... 3-22 Initialization of processor status register ................................................................ 3-24 Sequence of PLP instruction execution .................................................................. 3-24 Stack memory contents after PHP instruction execution ..................................... 3-24 Status flag at decimal calculations .......................................................................... 3-25 38B7 Group User’s Manual vii List of figures Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. viii 3.4.1 Wiring for the RESET pin ......................................................................................... 3-28 3.4.2 Wiring for clock I/O pins ........................................................................................... 3-29 3.4.3 Wiring for CNVss pin ................................................................................................. 3-29 3.4.4 Wiring for the VPP p in of the flash memory version .............................................. 3-30 3.4.5 Bypass capacitor across the VSS l ine and the VCC l ine ........................................ 3-30 3.4.6 Analog signal line and a resistor and a capacitor ................................................ 3-31 3.4.7 Wiring for a large current signal line ...................................................................... 3-32 3.4.8 Wiring of signal lines where potential levels change frequently ......................... 3-32 3.4.9 VSS p attern on the underside of an oscillator ........................................................ 3-33 3.4.10 Setup for I/O ports ................................................................................................... 3-33 3.4.11 Watchdog timer by software ................................................................................... 3-34 3.5.1 Structure of Port Pi (i =0 – 7, 9, A)........................................................................... 3-35 3.5.2 Structure of Port P8................................................................................................... 3-35 3.5.3 Structure of Port PB .................................................................................................. 3-36 3.5.4 Structure of Port Pi direction register (i = 1, 3 – 7, 9, A) ...................................... 3-36 3.5.5 Structure of Port P8 direction register .................................................................... 3-37 3.5.6 Structure of Port PB direction register .................................................................... 3-37 3.5.7 Structure of Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer ...................................... 3-38 3.5.8 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 1 .............................................................. 3-38 3.5.9 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 2 .............................................................. 3-39 3.5.10 Structure of Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter ............................................... 3-40 3.5.11 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 3 ............................................................ 3-41 3.5.12 Structure of Serial I/O2 control register ................................................................ 3-42 3.5.13 Structure of Serial I/O2 status register ................................................................. 3-43 3.5.14 Structure of Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register ..................................... 3-43 3.5.15 Structure of Timer i ................................................................................................. 3-44 3.5.16 Structure of Timer 2 ................................................................................................ 3-44 3.5.17 Structure of PWM control register ......................................................................... 3-44 3.5.18 Structure of Timer 6 PWM register ....................................................................... 3-45 3.5.19 Structure of Timer 12 mode register ..................................................................... 3-45 3.5.20 Structure of Timer 34 mode register ..................................................................... 3-46 3.5.21 Structure of Timer 56 mode register ..................................................................... 3-46 3.5.22 Structure of D-A conversion register ..................................................................... 3-47 3.5.23 Structure of Timer X (low-order, high-order) ........................................................ 3-47 3.5.24 Structure of Timer X mode register 1 ................................................................... 3-48 3.5.25 Structure of Timer X mode register 2 ................................................................... 3-49 3.5.26 Structure of Interrupt interval determination register .......................................... 3-49 3.5.27 Structure of Interrupt interval determination control register ............................. 3-50 3.5.28 Structure of AD/DA control register ....................................................................... 3-51 3.5.29 Structure of A-D conversion register (low-order) ................................................. 3-51 3.5.30 Structure of A-D conversion register (high-order) ............................................... 3-52 3.5.31 Structure of PWM register (high-order)................................................................. 3-52 3.5.32 Structure of PWM register (low-order) .................................................................. 3-53 3.5.33 Structure of Baud rate generator ........................................................................... 3-53 3.5.34 Structure of UART control register ........................................................................ 3-54 3.5.35 Structure of Interrupt source switch register ........................................................ 3-55 3.5.36 Structure of Interrupt edge selection register ...................................................... 3-56 3.5.37 Structure of CPU mode register ............................................................................ 3-57 3.5.38 Structure of Interrupt request register 1 ............................................................... 3-58 3.5.39 Structure of Interrupt request register 2 ............................................................... 3-59 3.5.40 Structure of Interrupt control register 1 ................................................................ 3-60 3.5.41 Structure of Interrupt control register 2 ................................................................ 3-61 3.5.42 Structure of Serial I/O3 control register ................................................................ 3-62 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual List of figures Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 3.5.43 Structure of Serial I/O3 register ............................................................................. 3-62 3.5.44 Structure of Watchdog timer control register ....................................................... 3-63 3.5.45 Structure of Pull-up control register 3................................................................... 3-63 3.5.46 Structure of Pull-up control register 1................................................................... 3-64 3.5.47 Structure of Pull-up control register 2................................................................... 3-64 3.5.48 Structure of Port P0 digit output set switch register .......................................... 3-65 3.5.49 Structure of Port P2 digit output set switch register .......................................... 3-65 3.5.50 Structure of FLDC mode register .......................................................................... 3-66 3.5.51 Structure of Tdisp time set register ...................................................................... 3-67 3.5.52 Structure of Toff1 time set register ....................................................................... 3-68 3.5.53 Structure of Toff2 time set register ....................................................................... 3-68 3.5.54 Structure of FLD data pointer/FLD data pointer reload register ....................... 3-69 3.5.55 Structure of Port P4FLD/port switch register ....................................................... 3-69 3.5.56 Structure of Port P5FLD/port switch register ....................................................... 3-70 3.5.57 Structure of Port P6FLD/port switch register ....................................................... 3-70 3.5.58 Structure of FLD output control register ............................................................... 3-71 3.5.59 Structure of Buzzer output control register .......................................................... 3-72 3.5.60 Structure of Flash memory control register .......................................................... 3-73 3.5.61 Structure of Flash command register .................................................................... 3-74 3.9.1 Pin configuration of M35501FP ................................................................................ 3-88 3.9.2 Functional block diagram .......................................................................................... 3-89 3.9.3 Port block diagram ..................................................................................................... 3-90 3.9.4 Digit setting ................................................................................................................. 3-91 3.9.5 16-digit mode output waveform ................................................................................ 3-92 3.9.6 Optional digit mode output waveform...................................................................... 3-92 3.9.7 Cascade mode connection example: 17 digits or more selected ....................... 3-93 3.9.8 Cascade mode output waveform .............................................................................. 3-93 3.9.9 Connection example with 38B7 Group microcomputer (1 to 16 digits) ............. 3-94 3.9.10 Connection example with 38B7 Group microccomputer (17 to 32 digits) ....... 3-94 3.9.11 Digit output waveform when reset signal is input ............................................... 3-95 3.9.12 Power-on reset circuit .............................................................................................. 3-96 3.9.13 Timing diagram ......................................................................................................... 3-99 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual ix List of tables List of tables CHAPTER 1 HARDWARE Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table 1 Pin description (1) ........................................................................................................... 1-5 2 Pin description (2) ........................................................................................................... 1-6 3 List of supported products ............................................................................................. 1-8 4 Push and pop instructions of accumulator or processor status register ............... 1-10 5 Set and clear instructions of each bit of processor status register ....................... 1-11 6 List of I/O port functions (1) ........................................................................................ 1-16 7 List of I/O port functions (2) ........................................................................................ 1-17 8 Interrupt vector addresses and priority ...................................................................... 1-22 9 FLD controller specifications ........................................................................................ 1-44 10 Pins in FLD automatic display mode ........................................................................ 1-50 11 Relationship between low-order 6-bit data and setting period of ADD bit ......... 1-64 12 Pin assignments of M38B79FF when operating in the parallel input/output mode ..................................................................................................................................... 1-78 13 Assignment states of control input and each state ................................................ 1-78 14 Pin description (flash memory parallel I/O mode) .................................................. 1-79 15 Software command (parallel input/output mode) ..................................................... 1-81 16 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (T a = 2 5 ° C, V CC = 5 V ± 1 0 %, unless otherwise noted) ......................................................................................................... 1-87 17 Read-only mode ........................................................................................................... 1-87 18 Read/Write mode ......................................................................................................... 1-87 19 Pin description (flash memory serial I/O mode) ..................................................... 1-89 20 Software command (serial I/O mode) ....................................................................... 1-90 21 AC Electrical characteristics ...................................................................................... 1-94 CHAPTER 2 APPLICATION Table 2.1.1 Termination of unused pins ..................................................................................... 2-8 Table 2.3.1 Setting examples of baud rate generator values and transfer bit rate values ........................................................................................................................................................ 2-76 Table 2.3.2 SIO1CON3 (address 001C 16) setting example selecting internal synchronous clock ........................................................................................................................................................ 2-88 Table 2.3.3 SIO1CON3 (address 001C16) setting example selecting external synchronous clock ........................................................................................................................................................ 2-88 Table 2.4.1 FLD automatic display RAM map ....................................................................... 2-104 Table 2.4.2 FLD automatic display RAM map example ....................................................... 2-105 Table 2.4.3 FLD automatic display RAM map ....................................................................... 2-112 Table 2.4.4 FLD automatic display RAM map example ....................................................... 2-113 Table 2.4.5 FLD automatic display RAM map example ....................................................... 2-118 Table 2.4.6 FLD automatic display RAM map ....................................................................... 2-124 Table 2.11.1 Pin state during “L” state of RESET pin ......................................................... 2-164 Table 2.13.1 Setting of EPROM programmer when parallel programming ........................ 2-177 Table 2.13.2 Connection example to programmer when serial programming ................... 2-177 38B7 Group User’s Manual i List of tables CHAPTER 3 APPENDIX Table 3.1.1 Absolute maximum ratings ....................................................................................... 3-2 Table 3.1.2 Recommended operating conditions (Vcc = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 ° C, unless otherwise noted) ........................................ 3-2 Table 3.1.3 Recommended operating conditions (Vcc = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 ° C, unless otherwise noted) ........................................ 3-3 Table 3.1.4 Electrical characteristics (Vcc = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 ° C, unless otherwise noted) ........................................ 3-4 Table 3.1.5 Electrical characteristics (Vcc = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Vss = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 ° C, unless otherwise noted) .................... 3-5 Table 3.1.6 A-D converter characteristics .................................................................................. 3-6 Table 3.1.7 D-A converter characteristics .................................................................................. 3-6 Table 3.1.8 Timing requirements (1) ........................................................................................... 3-7 Table 3.1.9 Switching characteristics .......................................................................................... 3-8 Table 3.3.1 SIO1CON3 (address 001C16) setting example selecting internal synchronous clock ........................................................................................................................................................ 3-19 Table 3.3.2 SIO1CON3 (address 001C16) setting example selecting external synchronous clock ........................................................................................................................................................ 3-19 Table 3.3.3 Pin state during “L” state of RESET pin ............................................................. 3-23 Table 3.9.1 Pin description ......................................................................................................... 3-89 Table 3.9.2 Absolute maximum ratings ..................................................................................... 3-97 Table 3.9.3 Recommended operating conditions (V CC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) ..................................................................................................... 3-97 Table 3.9.4 Recommended operating conditions (V CC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) ..................................................................................................... 3-97 Table 3.9.5 Electrical characteristics (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 ° C, unless otherwise noted) ......................................................................................................................... 3-98 Table 3.9.6 Timing requirements (V CC = 4 .0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 ° C, unless otherwise noted) ........................................................................................................................ 3-98 ii 38B7 Group User’s Manual List of tables MEMORANDUM 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual iii CHAPTER 1 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION FEATURES APPLICATION PIN CONFIGURATION FUNCTIONAL BLOCK PIN DESCRIPTION PART NUMBERING GROUP EXPANSION FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION NOTES ON PROGRAMMING NOTES ON USAGE DATA REQUIRED FOR MASK ORDERS HARDWARE DESCRIPTION/FEATURES DESCRIPTION The 38B7 group is the 8-bit microcomputer based on the 740 family core technology. The 38B7 group has six 8-bit timers, one 16-bit timer, a fluorescent display automatic display circuit, 16-channel 10-bit A-D converter, a serial I/O with automatic transfer function, which are available for controlling musical instruments and household appliances. q Supply voltage ................................................. VCC = 5 V ± 10 % q Program/Erase voltage ............................... VPP = 11.7 to 12.6 V q Programming method ...................... Programming in unit of byte q Erasing method Batch erasing ........................................ Parallel/Serial I/O mode Block erasing .................................... CPU reprogramming mode q Program/Erase control by software command q Number of times for programming/erasing ............................ 100 qOperating temperature range (at programming/erasing) ..................................................................... Normal temperature sNotes 1. The flash memory version cannot be used for application embedded in the MCU card. 2. Power source voltage Vcc of the flash memory version is 4.0 to 5.5 V. FEATURES Basic machine-language instructions ....................................... 71 The minimum instruction execution time .......................... 0.48 µs (at 4.2 MHz oscillation frequency) Memory size ROM ........................................................ 60K bytes RAM ....................................................... 2048 bytes Programmable input/output ports ............................................. 75 High-breakdown-voltage output ports ...................................... 52 Software pull-up resistors . (Ports P64 to P67, P7, P80 to P83, P9, PA, PB) Interrupts .................................................. 22 sources, 16 vectors Timers ........................................................... 8-bit ✕ 6, 16-bit ✕ 1 Serial I/O1 (Clock-synchronized) ................................... 8-bit ✕ 1 (max. 256-byte automatic transfer function) Serial I/O2 (UART or Clock-synchronized) .................... 8-bit ✕ 1 Serial I/O3 (Clock-synchronized) ................................... 8-bit ✕ 1 PWM ............................................................................ 14-bit ✕ 1 8-bit ✕ 1 (also functions as timer 6) A-D converter .............................................. 10-bit ✕ 16 channels D-A converter ................................................................ 1 channel Fluorescent display function ......................... Total 56 control pins Interrupt interval determination function ..................................... 1 (Serviceable even in low-speed mode) Watchdog timer ............................................................ 16-bit ✕ 1 Buzzer output ............................................................................. 1 Two clock generating circuits Main clock (XIN–XOUT ) .......................... Internal feedback resistor Sub-clock (XCIN–XCOUT) .......... Without internal feedback resistor (connect to external ceramic resonator or quartz-crystal oscillator) Power source voltage In high-speed mode ................................................... 4.0 to 5.5 V (at 4.2 MHz oscillation frequency and high-speed selected) In middle-speed mode ........................................... 2.7 to 5.5 V (*) (at 4.2 MHz oscillation frequency and middle-speed selected) In low-speed mode ................................................ 2.7 to 5.5 V (*) (at 32 kHz oscillation frequency) (*: 4.0 to 5.5 V for Flash memory version) Power dissipation In high-speed mode .......................................................... 35 mW (at 4.2 MHz oscillation frequency) In low-speed mode ............................................................. 60 µW (at 32 kHz oscillation frequency, at 3 V power source voltage) Operating temperature range ................................... –20 to 85 °C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • APPLICATION Musical instruments, VCR, household appliances, etc. • • • 1-2 38B7 Group User’s Manual *P27/FLD7 *P26/FLD6 *P25/FLD5 *P24/FLD4 *P23/FLD3 *P22/FLD2 *P21/FLD1 *P20/FLD0 VEE PB6/SIN1 PB5/SOUT1 PB4/SCLK11 PB3/SSTB1 PB2/SBUSY1 PB1/SRDY1 PB0/SCLK12/DA AVSS VREF PA7/AN7 PA6/AN6 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 Fig. 1 Pin configuration of M38B79MFH-XXXXFP PIN CONFIGURATION (TOP VIEW) Package type: 100P6S-A M38B79MFH-XXXXFP 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 PA5/AN5 PA4/AN4 PA3/AN3 PA2/AN2 PA1/AN1 PA0/AN0 P97/BUZ02/AN15 P96/PWM0/AN14 P95/RTP0/AN13 P94/RTP1/AN12 P93/SRDY3/AN11 P92/SCLK3/AN10 P91/SOUT3/AN9 P90/SIN3/AN8 P83/CNTR0/CNTR2 P82/CNTR1 C N VS S RESET P81/XCOUT P80/XCIN VS S XIN XOUT VCC P77/INT4/BUZ01 P76/T3OUT P75/T1OUT P74/PWM1 P73/INT3/DIMOUT P72/INT2 *P00/FLD8 *P01/FLD9 *P02/FLD10 *P03/FLD11 *P04/FLD12 *P05/FLD13 *P06/FLD14 *P07/FLD15 *P10/FLD16 *P11/FLD17 *P12/FLD18 *P13/FLD19 *P14/FLD20 *P15/FLD21 *P16/FLD22 *P17/FLD23 *P30/FLD24 *P31/FLD25 *P32/FLD26 *P33/FLD27 *P34/FLD28 *P35/FLD29 *P36/FLD30 *P37/FLD31 *P40/FLD32 *P41/FLD33 *P42/FLD34 *P43/FLD35 *P44/FLD36 *P45/FLD37 *P46/FLD38 *P47/FLD39 *P50/FLD40 *P51/FLD41 *P52/FLD42 *P53/FLD43 *P54/FLD44 *P55/FLD45 *P56/FLD46 *P57/FLD47 *P60/FLD48 *P61/FLD49 *P62/FLD50 *P63/FLD51 P64/RxD/FLD52 P65/TxD/FLD53 P66/SCLK21/FLD54 P67/SRDY2/SCLK22/FLD55 P70/INT0 P71/INT1 *High-breakdown-voltage output port: Totaling 52 PIN CONFIGURATION H ARDWARE 1-3 1-4 8 8 8 8 8 Port P4(8) Port P5(8) Port P3(8) Port P2(8) Port P1(8) Port P0(8) 8 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL BLOCK Fig. 2 Functional block diagram I/O ports Build-in peripheral functions A-D converter System clock generation Timers (10-bit ✕ 12 channel) Serial I/Os Serial I/O1(Clock-synchronized) (256 byte automatic transfer) Serial I/O2 (Clock-synchronized or UART) Timer X(16-bit) Timer 1(8-bit) Timer 2(8-bit) Timer 3(8-bit) Timer 4(8-bit) Timer 5(8-bit) Timer 6(8-bit) XIN-XOUT (main-clock) XCIN-XCOUT (sub-clock) Serial I/O3(Clock-synchronized) PWM1(8-bit) PWM0(14-bit) Me mo r y CPU core ROM 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual Buzzer output Watchdog timer RAM Interrupt interval determination function FLD display function 56 control pins (52 high-breakdown voltage ports) Port P6(8) Port P7(8) 8 8 Port P8(4) 4 Port P9(8) 8 Port PA(8) 8 Port PB(7) 7 H ARDWARE PIN DESCRIPTION Table 1 Pin description (1) Pin VCC, VSS CNVSS VEE VREF AVSS ______ Name Power source CNVSS Pull-down power source Reference voltage Analog power source Reset input Clock input Function • Apply voltage of 4.0–5.5 V to VCC , and 0 V to VSS. • Connect to VSS. • VPP power input pin in flash memory mode. • Apply voltage supplied to pull-down resistors of ports P0, P1, P2 and P3. • Reference voltage input pin for A-D converter. • Analog power source input pin for A-D converter. Function except a port function RESET XIN • Connect to VSS. • Reset input pin for active “L”. • Input and output pins for the main clock generating circuit. • Feedback resistor is built in between XIN pin and XOUT pin. • Connect a ceramic resonator or quartz-crystal oscillator between the XIN and XOUT pins to set the oscillation frequency. • When an external clock is used, connect the clock source to the XIN pin and leave the XOUT pin open. • The clock is used as the oscillating source of system clock. • 8-bit output port. • FLD automatic display • High-breakdown-voltage P-channel open-drain output structure. pins • A pull-down resistor is built in between port P0 and the VEE pin. • At reset, this port is set to VEE level. • 8-bit I/O port. • FLD automatic display • I/O direction register allows each pin to be individually programmed as either pins input or output. • At reset, this port is set to input mode. • Low-voltage input level. • High-breakdown-voltage P-channel open-drain output structure. • A pull-down resistor is built in between port P1 and the VEE pin. • At reset, this port is set to VEE level. XOUT Clock output P00/FLD8– P07/FLD15 Output port P0 P10/FLD16– I/O port P1 P17/FLD23 P20/FLD0– P27/FLD7 Output port P2 P30/FLD24– P37/FLD31 I/O port P3 • 8-bit output port with the same function as port P0. • High-breakdown-voltage P-channel open-drain output structure. • A pull-down resistor is built in between port P2 and the VEE pin. • At reset, this port is set to VEE level. • 8-bit I/O port with the same function as port P1. • Low-voltage input level. • High-breakdown-voltage P-channel open-drain output structure. • A pull-down resistor is built in between port P3 and the VEE pin. • At reset, this port is set to VEE level. • 8-bit I/O port with the same function as port P1. • Low-voltage input level. • High-breakdown-voltage P-channel open-drain output structure. • A pull-down resistor is not built in between port P4 and the VEE pin. • 8-bit I/O port with the same function as port P1. • Low-voltage input level. • High-breakdown-voltage P-channel open-drain output structure. • A pull-down resistor is not built in between port P5 and the VEE pin. • 4-bit I/O port with the same function as port P1. • Low-voltage input level. • High-breakdown-voltage P-channel open-drain output structure. • A pull-down resistor is not built in between port P6 and the VEE pin. • FLD automatic display pins • FLD automatic display pins P40/FLD32– I/O port P4 P47/FLD39 • FLD automatic display pins P50/FLD40– I/O port P5 P57/FLD47 • FLD automatic display pins P60/FLD48– I/O port P6 P63/FLD51 • FLD automatic display pins 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-5 H ARDWARE PIN DESCRIPTION Table 2 Pin description (2) Pin Name Function • 4-bit I/O port . • Low-voltage input level for input ports. • CMOS compatible input level for RxD, SCLK21, SCLK22. • CMOS 3-state output structure. • 8-bit I/O port. • CMOS compatible input level. • CMOS 3-state output structure. • Interrupt input pins Function except a port function • FLD automatic display pins • Serial I/O2 function pins P64/RXD/FLD52 , I/O port P6 P65/TXD/FLD53 , P66/SCLK21/FLD54 , P67/SRDY2/SCLK22/ FLD55, P70/INT0, I/O port P7 P71/INT1, P72/INT2, P73/INT3/DIMOUT, P74/PWM1 P75/T1OUT, P76/T3OUT, P77/INT4/BUZ01 P80/XCIN, P81/XCOUT I/O port P8 • Interrupt input pin • Dimmer signal output pin • PWM output pin • Timer output pins • Interrupt input pin • 4-bit I/O port with the same function as port P7. • CMOS compatible input level. • CMOS 3-state output structure. • Buzzer output pin • I/O pins for sub-clock generating circuit (connect a ceramic resonator or a quarts-crystal oscillator) P82/CNTR1, P83/CNTR0/CNTR2 P90/SIN3/AN8, I/O port P9 P91/SOUT3/AN9, P92/SCLK3/AN10, P93/SRDY3/AN11, P94/RTP1/AN12, P95/RTP0/AN13 P96/PWM0/AN14 P97/BUZ02/AN15 PA0 /AN0–PA 7/AN7 I/O port PA • 8-bit I/O port with the same function as port P7. • CMOS compatible input level. • CMOS 3-state output structure. • Timer input pin • Timer I/O pin • Serial I/O3 function pins • A-D converter input pins • Real time port output pins • A-D converter input pins • 14-bit PWM output pin • A-D converter input pin • Buzzer output pin • A-D converter input pin • A-D converter input pin PB0/SCLK12/DA I/O port PB • 8-bit I/O port with the same function as port P7. • CMOS compatible input level. • CMOS 3-state output structure. • 7-bit I/O port with the same function as port P7. • CMOS compatible input level. • CMOS 3-state output structure. • Serial I/O1 function pin • D-A converter output pin • Serial I/O1 function pins PB1/SRDY1, PB2/SBUSY1, PB3/SSTB1, PB4/SCLK11, PB5/SOUT1, PB6/SIN1 1-6 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual HARDWARE PART NUMBERING Product M38B7 9 M F H - AXXX FP Package type FP : 100P6S-A package ROM number Omitted in Flash memory version ROM/Flash memory size 1 : 4096 bytes 2 : 8192 bytes 3 : 12288 bytes 4 : 16384 bytes 5 : 20480 bytes 6 : 24576 bytes 7 : 28672 bytes 8 : 32768 bytes 9 : 36864 bytes A : 40960 bytes B : 45056 bytes C : 49152 bytes D : 53248 bytes E : 57344 bytes F : 61440 bytes The first 128 bytes and the last 2 bytes of ROM are reserved areas ; they cannot be used for users. Memory type M : Mask ROM version F : Flash memory version RAM size 0 : 192 bytes 1 : 256 bytes 2 : 384 bytes 3 : 512 bytes 4 : 640 bytes 5 : 768 bytes 6 : 896 bytes 7 : 1024 bytes 8 : 1536 bytes 9 : 2048 bytes Fig. 3 Part numbering 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-7 HARDWARE GROUP EXPANSION GROUP EXPANSION Mitsubishi plans to expand the 38B7 group as follows. Memory Type Support for Mask ROM and Flash memory versions. Memory Size Flash memory size ........................................................... 60K bytes Mask ROM size ................................................................ 60K bytes RAM size ......................................................................... 2048 bytes Package 100P6S-A .................................. 0.65 mm-pitch plastic molded QFP Mass product ROM size (bytes) 60 K 56 K 52 K 48 K 44 K 40 K 36 K 32 K 28 K 24 K 20 K 16 K 12 K 8K 4K 256 512 768 1,024 1,536 M38B79FF M38B79MFH Mass product 2,048 RAM size (bytes) Note : Products under development: the development schedule and specifications may be revised without notice. Fig. 4 Memory expansion plan Currently supported products are listed below. Table 3 List of supported products ROM size (bytes) Product ROM size for User ( ) M38B79MFH-XXXXFP 61440 (61310) M38B79FFFP As of Nov. 2001 RAM size (bytes) 2048 Package 100P6S-A Remarks Mask ROM version Flash memory version 1-8 38B7 Group User’s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Central Processing Unit (CPU) The 38B7 group uses the standard 740 Family instruction set. Refer to the table of 740 Series addressing modes and machine instructions or the 740 Series Software Manual for details on the instruction set. Machine-resident 740 Series instructions are as follows: The FST and SLW instructions cannot be used. The STP WIT, MUL, and DIV instructions can be used. , [Stack Pointer (S)] The stack pointer is an 8-bit register used during subroutine calls and interrupts. This register indicates start address of stored area (stack) for storing registers during subroutine calls and interrupts. The low-order 8 bits of the stack address are determined by the contents of the stack pointer. The high-order 8 bits of the stack address are determined by the stack page selection bit. If the stack page selection bit is “0” , the high-order 8 bits becomes “0016 ”. If the stack page selection bit is “1”, the high-order 8 bits becomes “0116”. The operations of pushing register contents onto the stack and popping them from the stack are shown in Figure 6. Store registers other than those described in Figure 6 with program when the user needs them during interrupts or subroutine calls. [Accumulator (A)] The accumulator is an 8-bit register. Data operations such as data transfer, etc., are executed mainly through the accumulator. [Index Register X (X)] The index register X is an 8-bit register. In the index addressing modes, the value of the OPERAND is added to the contents of register X and specifies the real address. [Program Counter (PC)] The program counter is a 16-bit counter consisting of two 8-bit registers PCH and PC L. It is used to indicate the address of the next instruction to be executed. [Index Register Y (Y)] The index register Y is an 8-bit register. In partial instruction, the value of the OPERAND is added to the contents of register Y and specifies the real address. b7 A b7 X b7 Y b7 S b15 PCH b7 b7 PCL b0 Accumulator b0 Index register X b0 Index register Y b0 Stack pointer b0 Program counter b0 Processor status register (PS) Carry flag Zero flag Interrupt disable flag Decimal mode flag Break flag Index X mode flag Overflow flag Negative flag NVTBD I ZC Fig. 5 740 Family CPU register structure 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-9 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION On-going Routine Interrupt request (Note) Execute JSR M (S) Push return address on stack (S) M (S) (S) (PCH) (S) – 1 (PCL) (S)– 1 M (S) (S) M (S) (S) M (S) (S) (PCH) (S) – 1 (PCL) (S) – 1 (PS) (S) – 1 Push contents of processor status register on stack Push return address on stack Subroutine Execute RTS POP return address from stack (S) (PCL) (S) (PCH) (S) + 1 M (S) (S) + 1 M (S) Interrupt Service Routine Execute RTI (S) (PS) (S) (PCL) (S) (PCH) (S) + 1 M (S) (S) + 1 M (S) (S) + 1 M (S) I Flag is set from “0” to “1” Fetch the jump vector POP contents of processor status register from stack POP return address from stack Note: Condition for acceptance of an interrupt Interrupt enable flag is “1” Interrupt disable flag is “0” Fig. 6 Register push and pop at interrupt generation and subroutine call Table 4 Push and pop instructions of accumulator or processor status register Push instruction to stack Accumulator Processor status register PHA PHP Pop instruction from stack PLA PLP 1-10 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION [Processor status register (PS)] The processor status register is an 8-bit register consisting of 5 flags which indicate the status of the processor after an arithmetic operation and 3 flags which decide MCU operation. Branch operations can be performed by testing the Carry (C) flag , Zero (Z) flag, Overflow (V) flag, or the Negative (N) flag. In decimal mode, the Z, V, N flags are not valid. •Bit 0: Carry flag (C) The C flag contains a carry or borrow generated by the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) immediately after an arithmetic operation. It can also be changed by a shift or rotate instruction. •Bit 1: Zero flag (Z) The Z flag is set if the result of an immediate arithmetic operation or a data transfer is “0”, and cleared if the result is anything other than “0”. •Bit 2: Interrupt disable flag (I) The I flag disables all interrupts except for the interrupt generated by the BRK instruction. Interrupts are disabled when the I flag is “1”. •Bit 3: Decimal mode flag (D) The D flag determines whether additions and subtractions are executed in binary or decimal. Binary arithmetic is executed when this flag is “0”; decimal arithmetic is executed when it is “1”. Decimal correction is automatic in decimal mode. Only the ADC and SBC instructions can be used for decimal arithmetic. •Bit 4: Break flag (B) The B flag is used to indicate that the current interrupt was generated by the BRK instruction. The BRK flag in the processor status register is always “0”. When the BRK instruction is used to generate an interrupt, the processor status register is pushed onto the stack with the break flag set to “1”. •Bit 5: Index X mode flag (T) When the T flag is “ 0 ” , arithmetic operations are performed between accumulator and memory. When the T flag is “1”, direct arithmetic operations and direct data transfers are enabled between memory locations. •Bit 6: Overflow flag (V) The V flag is used during the addition or subtraction of one byte of signed data. It is set if the result exceeds +127 to -128. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 6 of the memory location operated on by the BIT instruction is stored in the overflow flag. •Bit 7: Negative flag (N) The N flag is set if the result of an arithmetic operation or data transfer is negative. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 7 of the memory location operated on by the BIT instruction is stored in the negative flag. Table 5 Set and clear instructions of each bit of processor status register C flag Set instruction Clear instruction SEC CLC Z flag _ _ I flag SEI CLI D flag SED CLD B flag _ _ T flag SET CLT V flag _ CLV N flag _ _ 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-11 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION [CPU Mode Register (CPUM)] 003B16 The CPU mode register contains the stack page selection bit and the internal system clock selection bit etc. The CPU mode register is allocated at address 003B 16. b7 b0 CPU mode register (CPUM: address 003B16) Processor mode bits b1b0 0 0 : Single-chip mode 0 1: 1 0 : Not available 1 1: Stack page selection bit 0 : Page 0 1 : Page 1 Not used (return “1” when read) (Do not write “0” to this bit.) Port XC switch bit 0 : I/O port function 1 : XCIN–XCOUT oscillating function Main clock (XIN–XOUT) stop bit 0 : Oscillating 1 : Stopped Main clock division ratio selection bit 0 : f(XIN) (high-speed mode) 1 : f(XIN)/4 (middle-speed mode) Internal system clock selection bit 0 : XIN-XOUT selection (middle-/high-speed mode) 1 : XCIN-XCOUT selection (low-speed mode) Fig. 7 Structure of CPU mode register 1-12 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION MEMORY Special Function Register (SFR) Area The special function register (SFR) area contains control registers for I/O ports, timers and other functions. Interrupt Vector Area The interrupt vector area contains reset and interrupt vectors. Zero Page The zero page addressing mode can be used to specify memory and register addresses in the zero page area. Access to this area with only 2 bytes is possible in the zero page addressing mode. RAM RAM is used for data storage and for stack area of subroutine calls and interrupts. Special Page ROM The first 128 bytes and the last 2 bytes of ROM are reserved for device testing, and the other areas are user areas for storing programs. The special page addressing mode can be used to specify memory addresses in the special page area. Access to this area with only 2 bytes is possible in the special page addressing mode. RAM area RAM size (byte) Address XXXX16 000016 RAM 004016 010016 SFR area 1 Zero page 192 256 384 512 640 768 896 1024 1536 2048 ROM area ROM size (byte) 00FF16 013F16 01BF16 023F16 02BF16 033F16 03BF16 043F16 063F16 083F16 XXXX16 044016 0E0016 0EDF16 0EE016 0EFF16 0F0016 0FFF16 YYYY16 Reserved area Not used (Note) RAM area for FLD automatic display SFR area 2 RAM area for Serial I/O automatic transfer Address YYYY16 Address ZZZZ16 4096 8192 12288 16384 20480 24576 28672 32768 36864 40960 45056 49152 53248 57344 61440 F00016 E00016 D00016 C00016 B00016 A00016 900016 800016 700016 600016 500016 400016 300016 200016 100016 F08016 E08016 D08016 C08016 B08016 A08016 908016 808016 708016 608016 508016 408016 308016 208016 108016 ROM Reserved ROM area (common ROM area,128 bytes) ZZZZ16 FF0016 FFDC16 Interrupt vector area FFFE16 FFFF16 Reserved ROM area Special page Note: When 1024 bytes or more are used as RAM area, this area can be used. Fig. 8 Memory map diagram 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-13 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 000016 000116 000216 000316 000416 000516 000616 000716 000816 000916 000A16 000B16 000C16 000D16 000E16 000F16 001016 001116 001216 001316 001416 001516 001616 001716 001816 001916 001A16 001B16 001C16 001D16 001E16 001F16 0EEC16 0EED16 0EEE16 0EEF16 0EF016 0EF116 0EF216 0EF316 0EF416 0EF516 Port P0 (P0) 002016 002116 Timer 1 (T1) Timer 2 (T2) Timer 3 (T3) Timer 4 (T4) Timer 5 (T5) Timer 6 (T6) PWM control register (PWMCON) Timer 6 PWM register (T6PWM) Timer 12 mode register (T12M) Timer 34 mode register (T34M) Timer 56 mode register (T56M) D-A conversion register (DA) Timer X (low-order) (TXL) Timer X (high-order) (TXH) Timer X mode register 1 (TXM1) Timer X mode register 2 (TXM2) Interrupt interval determination register (IID) Interrupt interval determination control register (IIDCON) Port P1 (P1) Port P1 direction register (P1D) Port P2 (P2) 002216 002316 002416 002516 Port P3 (P3) Port P3 direction register (P3D) Port P4 (P4) Port P4 direction register (P4D) Port P5 (P5) Port P5 direction register (P5D) Port P6 (P6) Port P6 direction register (P6D) Port P7 (P7) Port P7 direction register (P7D) Port P8 (P8) Port P8 direction register (P8D) Port P9 (P9) Port P9 direction register (P9D) Port PA (PA) Port PA direction register (PAD) Port PB (PB) Port PB direction register (PBD) Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer (SIO1DP) 002616 002716 002816 002916 002A16 002B16 002C16 002D16 002E16 002F16 003016 003116 003216 003316 003416 003516 003616 003716 003816 003916 003A16 003B16 003C16 003D16 003E16 003F16 0EF616 0EF716 0EF816 0EF916 0EFA16 0EFB16 AD/DA control register (ADCON) A-D conversion register (low-order) (ADL) A-D conversion register (high-order) (ADH) PWM register (high-order) (PWMH) PWM register (low-order) (PWML) Baud rate generator (BRG) UART control register (UARTCON) Interrupt source switch register (IFR) Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE) CPU mode register (CPUM) Interrupt request register 1(IREQ1) Interrupt request register 2(IREQ2) Interrupt control register 1(ICON1) Interrupt control register 2(ICON2) Toff1 time set register (TOFF1) Toff2 time set register (TOFF2) FLD data pointer (FLDDP) Port P4 FLD/Port switch register (P4FPR) Port P5 FLD/Port switch register (P5FPR) Port P6 FLD/Port switch register (P6FPR) Serial I/O1 control register 1 (SIO1CON1) Serial I/O1 control register 2 (SIO1CON2) Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter (SIO1) Serial I/O1 control register 3 (SIO1CON3) Serial I/O2 control register (SIO2CON) Serial I/O2 status register (SIO2STS) Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register (TB/RB) Serial I/O3 control register (SIO3CON) Serial I/O3 register (SIO3) Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON) Pull-up control register 3 (PULL3) Pull-up control register 1 (PULL1) Pull-up control register 2 (PULL2) Port P0 digit output set switch register (P0DOR) Port P2 digit output set switch register (P2DOR) FLDC mode register (FLDM) Tdisp time set register (TDISP) 0EFC16 FLD output control register (FLDCON) 0EFD16 Buzzer output control register (BUZCON) 0EFE16 0EFF16 Flash memory control register (FCON) Flash command register (FCMD) Note: Flash memory version only. (Note) (Note) Fig. 9 Memory map of special function register (SFR) 1-14 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION I/O PORTS [Direction Registers] PiD The 38B7 group has 75 programmable I/O pins arranged in ten individual I/O ports (P1, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, PA and PB). The I/O ports have direction registers which determine the input/ output direction of each individual pin. Each bit in a direction register corresponds to one pin, and each pin can be set to be input port or output port. When “0” is written to the bit corresponding to a pin, that pin becomes an input pin. When “1” is written to that pin, that pin becomes an output pin. If data is read from a pin set to output, the value of the port output latch is read, not the value of the pin itself. Pins set to input (the bit corresponding to that pin must be set to “0”) are floating and the value of that pin can be read. If a pin set to input is written to, only the port output latch is written to and the pin remains floating. [High-Breakdown-Voltage Output Ports] The 38B7 group has seven ports with high-breakdown-voltage pins (ports P0 to P5 and P60 –P63). The high-breakdown-voltage ports have P-channel open-drain output with Vcc – 45 V of breakdown voltage. Each pin in ports P0 to P3 has an internal pull-down resistor connected to VEE. At reset, the P-channel output transistor of each port latch is turned off, so that it goes to VEE level (“L”) by the pull-down resistor. Writing “1” (weak drivability) to bit 7 of the FLDC mode register (address 0EF416 ) shows the rising transition of the output transistors for reducing transient noise. At reset, bit 7 of the FLDC mode register is set to “0” (strong drivability). [Pull-up Control Register] PULL Ports P6 4– P6 7, P7, P8 0– P8 3 , P9, PA and PB have built-in programmable pull-up resistors. The pull-up resistors are valid only in the case that the each control bit is set to “1” and the corresponding port direction registers are set to input mode. b7 b0 b7 b0 Pull-up control register 1 (PULL1 : address 0EF016) P64, P65 pull-up control bit P66, P67 pull-up control bit P70, P71 pull-up control bit P72, P73 pull-up control bit P74, P75 pull-up control bit P76, P77 pull-up control bit Not used (returns “0” when read) (Do not write “1”.) 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up Pull-up control register 2 (PULL2 : address 0EF116) P80, P81 pull-up control bit P82, P83 pull-up control bit Not used (returns “0” when read) (Do not write “1”.) P90, P91 pull-up control bit P92, P93 pull-up control bit P94, P95 pull-up control bit P96, P97 pull-up control bit Not used (returns “0” when read) (Do not write “1”.) 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up b7 b0 Pull-up control register 3 (PULL3 : address 0EEF16) PA0, PA1 pull-up control bit PA2, PA3 pull-up control bit PA4, PA5 pull-up control bit PA6, PA7 pull-up control bit PB0, PB1 pull-up control bit PB2, PB3 pull-up control bit PB4, PB5 pull-up control bit PB6 pull-up control bit 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up Fig. 10 Structure of pull-up control registers (PULL1, PULL2 and PULL3) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-15 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Table 6 List of I/O port functions (1) Pin P00/FLD 8– P07/FLD 15 Nama Port P0 Input/Output Output I/O Format High-breakdown voltage P-channel open-drain output with pull-down resistor Low-voltage input level High-breakdown voltage P-channel open-drain output with pull-down resistor High-breakdown voltage P-channel open-drain output with pull-down resistor Low-voltage input level High-breakdown voltage P-channel open-drain output with pull-down resistor Low-voltage input level High-breakdown voltage P-channel open-drain output Low-voltage input level High-breakdown voltage P-channel open-drain output Low-voltage input level High-breakdown voltage P-channel open-drain output Low-voltage input level (port input) CMOS compatible input level (RxD, SCLK21, SCLK22) CMOS 3-state output Non-Port Function FLD automatic display function Related SFRs FLDC mode register P0 digit output set switch register FLDC mode register Ref.No. (1) P10/FLD16– P17/FLD 23 Port P1 Input/output, individual bits (2) P20/FLD 0– P27 /FLD7 Port P2 Output FLDC mode register P2 digit output set switch register FLDC mode register (1) P30/FLD 24– P37/FLD 31 Port P3 Input/output, individual bits (2) P40/FLD 32– P47/FLD 39 Port P4 Input/output, individual bits Input/output, individual bits Input/output, individual bits FLDC mode register Port P4 FLD/Port switch register FLDC mode register Port P5 FLD/Port switch register FLDC mode register Port P6 FLD/Port switch register FLD automatic display function Serial I/O2 function I/O FLDC mode register Serial I/O2 control register UART control register (2) P50/FLD 40– P57/FLD 47 Port P5 (2) P60/FLD 48– P63/FLD 51 Port P6 (2) P64/RxD/ FLD 52 P65/TxD/ FLD53 , P66/S CLK21/ FLD 54 P67/S RDY2/ SCLK22/ FLD 55 P70/INT0 , P71/INT1 P72/INT2 (3) (4) (5) Port P7 Input/output, individual bits CMOS compatible input level CMOS 3-state output External interrput input Interrupt edge selection register Interrupt edge selection register Interrupt interval determination control register Interrupt edge selection register FLD output control register Timer 56 mode register Timer 12 mode register Timer 34 mode register Buzzer output control register Interrupt edge selection register CPU mode register Interrupt edge selection register (6) P73/INT3 / DIMOUT P74 /PWM1 P75/T1 OUT P76/T3 OUT P77/INT4 / BUZ01 External interrput input Dimmer signal output PWM output Timer output Timer output Buzzer output External interrput input (7) (8) (9) P80/X CIN P81/X COUT P82 /CNTR1 P83 /CNTR0 / CNTR2 Port P8 Input/output, individual bits CMOS compatible input level CMOS 3-state output Sub-clock generating circuit I/O External count input (10) (11) (6) (12) 1-16 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Table 7 List of I/O port functions (2) Pin Nama Input/Output P90/S IN3/ Port P9 Input/output, AN 8 individual bits P91/S OUT3/ AN 9, P92/S CLK3/ AN 10 P93/S RDY3/ AN11 P94/RTP1/ AN 12, P95/RTP0/ AN 13 P96/PWM0 / AN 14 P97/B UZ02/ AN 15 PA0/AN 0– Port PA Input/output, PA7/AN 7 individual bits PB 0/SCLK12/ DA Port PB Input/output, individual bits I/O Format CMOS compatible input level CMOS 3-state output Non-Port Function Serial I/O3 function I/O A-D conversion input Related SFRs Serial I/O3 control register AD/DA control register Ref.No. (6) (13) (14) Real time port output A-D conversion input Timer X mode register 2 AD/DA control register (15) CMOS compatible input level CMOS 3-state output CMOS compatible input level CMOS 3-state output PWM output A-D conversion input Buzzer output A-D conversion input A-D conversion input PWM control register AD/DA control register Buzzer output control register AD/DA control register AD/DA control register (16) (16) (17) Serial I/O1 function I/O D-A conversion output Serial I/O1 function I/O PB 1/SRDY1 PB 2/SBUSY1 PB 3/SSTB1 PB4 /SCLK11 PB 5/SOUT1 PB 6/SIN1 Notes 1 : How to use double-function ports as function I/O ports, refer to the applicable sections. 2 : Make sure that the input level at each pin is either 0 V or Vcc during execution of the STP instruction. When an input level is at an intermediate potential, a current will flow from Vcc to Vss through the input-stage gate. Serial I/O1 control registers 1, 2 AD/DA control register Serial I/O1 control registers 1, 2 (18) (19) (18) (20) (21) (6) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-17 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (1) Ports P0, P2 (2) Ports P1, P3, P4, P5, P60 to P63 FLD/Port switch register P4, P5, P60 to P63 Dimmer signal (Note 1) Local data bus Data bus Port latch Output ✽ Local data bus Data bus Dimmer signal (Note 1) Direction register Port latch ✽ read VEE (Note 2) VEE (3) Port P64 Dimmer signal (Note 1) Pull-up control (4) Ports P65, P66 Pull-up control P-channel output disable signal (P65) Output OFF control signal Dimmer signal (Note 1) FLD/Port switch register FLD/Port switch register Local data bus Data bus Direction register Serial I/O2 selection signal Direction register Port latch Local data bus Data bus RxD input TxD or SCLK21 output Port latch Serial clock input P66 (5) Port P67 Dimmer signal (Note 1) Pull-up control (6) Ports P70 to P72, P82, P90, PB6 Pull-up control FLD/Port switch register Direction register Local data bus Data bus Direction register Data bus Port latch Port latch Serial ready output SRDY2 output enable bit Serial I/O2 enable bit Serial clock output Clock I/O pin selection bit Synchronous clock selection bit Serial clock input INT0, INT1, INT2 interrupt input CNTR1 input Serial I/O input A-D conversion input Analog input pin selection bit P90 ✽ High-breakdown-voltage P-channel transistor Notes 1: The dimmer signal sets the Toff timing. 2: A pull-down resistor is not built in to ports P4, P5 and P60 to P63. Fig. 11 Port block diagram (1) 1-18 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (7) Port P73 Pull-up control Dimmer output control bit Direction register (8) Ports P74 to P76 Timer 1 output selection bit Timer 3 output selection bit Timer 6 output selection bit Pull-up control Direction register Data bus Port latch Data bus Port latch Dimmer signal output INT3 interrupt input Timer 1 output Timer 3 output Timer 6 output (9) Port P77 Pull-up control Buzzer control signal (10) Port P80 Pull-up control Port Xc switch bit Direction register Direction register Data bus Port latch Data bus Port latch Buzzer signal output INT4 interrupt input Sub-clock generating circuit input (11) Port P81 Pull-up control Port Xc switch bit (12) Port P83 Pull-up control Timer X operating mode bits Direction register Direction register Data bus Port latch Data bus Port latch Oscillator Port P80 Port Xc switch bit Timer X output CNTR0, CNTR2 input (13) Ports P91, P92 Pull-up control P-channel output disable signal (P91) Output OFF control signal Serial I/O3 selection signal Direction register (14) Port P93 Pull-up control SRDY3 output enable bit Direction register Data bus Port latch Data bus Port latch SOUT or SCLK Serial ready output Serial clock input P92 A-D conversion input A-D conversion input Analog input pin selection bits Analog input pin selection bits Fig. 12 Port block diagram (2) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-19 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (15) Ports P94, P95 Pull-up control Real time port control bit Direction register PWM output selection bit Buzzer control signal Direction register (16) Ports P96, P97 Pull-up control Data bus Port latch Data bus Port latch RTP output A-D conversion input PWM output Buzzer signal output A-D conversion input Analog input pin selection bits Analog input pin selection bits (17) Port PA Pull-up control (18) Ports PB0, PB2 Pull-up control Serial I/O1 selection signal PB1/SRDY1•PB2/SBUSY1 pin control bit Direction register Direction register Data bus Port latch Data bus Port latch SCLK12 output SBUSY1 output A-D conversion input Analog input pin selection bits Serial clock input SBUSY1 input D-A converter output D-A output enable bit PB0 (19) Port PB1 Pull-up control PB1/SRDY1•PB2/SBUSY1 pin control bit Direction register (20) Port PB3 Pull-up control PB3/SSTB1 pin control bit Direction register Data bus Port latch Data bus Port latch Serial ready output Serial ready input SSTB1 output (21) Ports PB4, PB5 Pull-up control P-channel output disable signal (PB5) Output OFF control signal Serial I/O1 selection signal Direction register Data bus Port latch SOUT or SCLK Serial clock input PB4 Fig. 13 Port block diagram (3) 1-20 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual HARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INTERRUPTS Interrupts occur by twenty two sources: five external, sixteen internal, and one software. Interrupt Control Each interrupt except the BRK instruction interrupt has both an interrupt request bit and an interrupt enable bit, and is controlled by the interrupt disable flag. An interrupt occurs if the corresponding interrupt request and enable bits are “1” and the interrupt disable flag is “0.” Interrupt enable bits can be set or cleared by software. Interrupt request bits can be cleared by software, but cannot be set by software. The BRK instruction interrupt and reset cannot be disabled with any flag or bit. The I flag disables all interrupts except the BRK instruction interrupt and reset. If several interrupts requests occur at the same time, the interrupt with highest priority is accepted first. Interrupt Operation Upon acceptance of an interrupt the following operations are automatically performed: 1. The contents of the program counter and processor status register are automatically pushed onto the stack. 2. The interrupt disable flag is set and the corresponding interrupt request bit is cleared. 3. The interrupt jump destination address is read from the vector table into the program counter. Interrupt Source Selection Any of the following interrupt sources can be selected by the interrupt source switch register (address 003916). 1. INT1 or Serial I/O3 2. INT3 or Serial I/O2 transmit 3. INT4 or A-D conversion sNote When setting the followings, the interrupt request bit may be set to “1”. •When switching external interrupt active edge Related register: Interrupt edge selection register (address 3A16) •When switching interrupt sources of an interrupt vector address where two or more interrupt sources are allocated Related register: Interrupt source switch register (address 3916) When not requiring the interrupt occurrence synchronized with these setting, take the following sequence. ➀ Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to “0” (disabled). ➁ Set the interrupt edge select bit (active edge switch bit) or the interrupt (source) select/switch bit. ➂ Set the corresponding interrupt request bit to “0” after 1 or more instructions have been executed. ➃ Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to “1” (enabled). 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-21 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Table 8 Interrupt vector addresses and priority Interrupt Source Priority Reset (Note 2) INT0 INT1 1 2 3 Vector Addresses (Note 1) High FFFD16 FFFB16 FFF916 Low FFFC16 FFFA16 FFF816 Interrupt Request Generating Conditions At reset At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT0 input At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT1 input At completion of data transfer At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT2 input At 8-bit counter overflow 5 FFF516 FFF416 At completion of data transfer At completion of the last data transfer 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 FFF316 FFF116 FFEF16 FFED16 FFEB16 FFE916 FFE716 FFE516 FFE316 FFF216 FFF016 FFEE16 FFEC16 FFEA16 FFE816 FFE616 FFE416 FFE216 At timer X underflow At timer 1 underflow At timer 2 underflow At timer 3 underflow At timer 4 underflow At timer 5 underflow At timer 6 underflow At completion of serial I/O2 data receive At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT3 input Serial I/O2 transmit INT4 At completion of serial I/O2 data transmit At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT4 input A-D conversion FLD blanking At completion of A-D conversion At falling edge of the last timing immediately before blanking period starts Non-maskable External interrupt (active edge selectable) External interrupt (active edge selectable) Valid when INT1 interrupt is selected Valid when serial I/O3 is selected External interrupt (active edge selectable) Valid when interrupt interval determination is operating Valid when serial I/O ordinary mode is selected Valid when serial I/O automatic transfer mode is selected Remarks Serial I/O3 INT2 Remote control/ counter overflow Serial I/O1 Serial I/O automatic transfer Timer X Timer 1 Timer 2 Timer 3 Timer 4 Timer 5 Timer 6 Serial I/O2 receive INT3 4 FFF716 FFF616 STP release timer underflow External interrupt (active edge selectable) Valid when INT3 interrupt is selected External interrupt (active edge selectable) Valid when INT4 interrupt is selected Valid when A-D conversion is selected Valid when FLD blanking interrupt is selected Valid when FLD digit interrupt is selected Non-maskable software interrupt 15 FFE116 FFE016 16 FFDF16 FFDE16 FLD digit At rising edge of digit (each timing) BRK instruction 17 FFDD16 FFDC16 At BRK instruction execution Notes 1 : Vector addresses contain interrupt jump destination addresses. 2 : Reset function in the same way as an interrupt with the highest priority. 1-22 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Interrupt request bit Interrupt enable bit Interrupt disable flag I BRK instruction Reset Interrupt request Fig. 14 Interrupt control b7 b0 Interrupt source switch register (IFR : address 003916) INT3/serial I/O2 transmit interrupt switch bit 0 : INT3 interrupt 1 : Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt INT4/AD conversion interrupt switch bit 0 : INT4 interrupt 1 : A-D conversion interrupt INT1/serial I/O3 interrupt switch bit 0 : INT1 interrupt 1 : Serial I/O3 interrupt Not used (return “0” when read) (Do not write “1” to these bits.) b7 b0 Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE : address 003A16) INT0 interrupt edge selection bit INT1 interrupt edge selection bit INT2 interrupt edge selection bit INT3 interrupt edge selection bit INT4 interrupt edge selection bit Not used (return “0” when read) CNTR0 pin edge switch bit CNTR1 pin edge switch bit 0 : Falling edge active 1 : Rising edge active 0 : Rising edge count 1 : Falling edge count b7 b0 Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2 : address 003D16) Timer 4 interrupt request bit Timer 5 interrupt request bit Timer 6 interrupt request bit Serial I/O2 receive interrupt request bit INT3/serial I/O2 transmit interrupt request bit INT4 interrupt request bit AD conversion interrupt request bit FLD blanking interrupt request bit FLD digit interrupt request bit Not used (returns “0” when read) 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued b7 b0 Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2 : address 003F16) Timer 4 interrupt enable bit Timer 5 interrupt enable bit Timer 6 interrupt enable bit Serial I/O2 receive interrupt enable bit INT3/serial I/O2 transmit interrupt enable bit INT4 interrupt enable bit AD conversion interrupt enable bit FLD blanking interrupt enable bit FLD digit interrupt enable bit Not used (returns “0” when read) (Do not write “1” to this bit.) 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled b7 b0 Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1 : address 003C16) INT0 interrupt request bit INT1 interrupt request bit Serial I/O3 interrupt request bit INT2 interrupt request bit Remote controller/counter overflow interrupt request bit Serial I/O1 interrupt request bit Serial I/O automatic transfer interrupt request bit Timer X interrupt request bit Timer 1 interrupt request bit Timer 2 interrupt request bit Timer 3 interrupt request bit b7 b0 Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1 : address 003E16) INT0 interrupt enable bit INT1 interrupt enable bit Serial I/O3 interrupt enable bit INT2 interrupt enable bit Remote controller/counter overflow interrupt enable bit Serial I/O1 interrupt enable bit Serial I/O automatic transfer interrupt enable bit Timer X interrupt enable bit Timer 1 interrupt enable bit Timer 2 interrupt enable bit Timer 3 interrupt enable bit Fig. 15 Structure of interrupt related registers 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-23 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION TIMERS 8-Bit Timer The 38B7 group has six built-in 8-bit timers : Timer 1, Timer 2, Timer 3, Timer 4, Timer 5, and Timer 6. Each timer has the 8-bit timer latch. All timers are down-counters. When the timer reaches “0016”, an underflow occurs with the next count pulse. Then the contents of the timer latch is reloaded into the timer and the timer continues down-counting. When a timer underflows, the interrupt request bit corresponding to that timer is set to “1”. The count can be stopped by setting the stop bit of each timer to “1”. The internal system clock can be set to either the high-speed mode or low-speed mode with the CPU mode register. At the same time, the timer internal count source is switched to either f(XIN) or f(XCIN). qTimer 1, Timer 2 The count sources of timer 1 and timer 2 can be selected by setting the timer 12 mode register. A rectangular waveform of timer 1 underflow signal divided by 2 can be output from the P75/T1OUT pin. The active edge of the external clock CNTR0 can be switched with the bit 6 of the interrupt edge selection register. At reset or when executing the STP instruction, all bits of the timer 12 mode register are cleared to “0”, timer 1 is set to “FF16”, and timer 2 is set to “0116 ”. qTimer 3, Timer 4 The count sources of timer 3 and timer 4 can be selected by setting the timer 34 mode register. A rectangular waveform of timer 3 underflow signal divided by 2 can be output from the P76/T3OUT pin. The active edge of the external clock CNTR1 can be switched with the bit 7 of the interrupt edge selection register. qTimer 5, Timer 6 The count sources of timer 5 and timer 6 can be selected by setting the timer 56 mode register. A rectangular waveform of timer 6 underflow signal divided by 2 can be output from the P74/PWM1 pin. b7 b0 b7 b0 Timer 12 mode register (T12M: address 002816) Timer 1 count stop bit 0 : Count operation 1 : Count stop Timer 2 count stop bit 0 : Count operation 1 : Count stop Timer 1 count source selection bits 00 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 01 : f(XCIN) 10 : f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 11 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 Timer 2 count source selection bits 00 : Underflow of Timer 1 01 : f(XCIN) 10 : External count input CNTR0 11 : Not available Timer 1 output selection bit (P75) 0 : I/O port 1 : Timer 1 output Not used (returns “0” when read) (Do not write “1” to this bit.) b7 b0 Timer 34 mode register (T34M: address 002916) Timer 3 count stop bit 0 : Count operation 1 : Count stop Timer 4 count stop bit 0 : Count operation 1 : Count stop Timer 3 count source selection bits 00 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 01 : Underflow of Timer 2 10 : f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 11 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 Timer 4 count source selection bits 00 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 01 : Underflow of Timer 3 10 : External count input CNTR1 11 : Not available Timer 3 output selection bit (P76) 0 : I/O port 1 : Timer 3 output Not used (returns “0” when read) (Do not write “1” to this bit.) qTimer 6 PWM1 Mode Timer 6 can output a PWM rectangular waveform with “H” duty cycle n/(n+m) from the P74/PWM1 pin by setting the timer 56 mode register (refer to Figure 18). The n is the value set in timer 6 latch (address 002516) and m is the value in the timer 6 PWM register (address 002716). If n is “0,” the PWM output is “L”, if m is “0”, the PWM output is “H” (n = 0 is prior than m = 0). In the PWM mode, interrupts occur at the rising edge of the PWM output. Timer 56 mode register (T56M: address 002A16) Timer 5 count stop bit 0 : Count operation 1 : Count stop Timer 6 count stop bit 0 : Count operation 1 : Count stop Timer 5 count source selection bit 0 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 1 : Underflow of Timer 4 Timer 6 operation mode selection bit 0 : Timer mode 1 : PWM mode Timer 6 count source selection bits 00 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 01 : Underflow of Timer 5 10 : Underflow of Timer 4 11 : Not available Timer 6 (PWM) output selection bit (P74) 0 : I/O port 1 : Timer 6 output Not used (returns “0” when read) (Do not write “1” to this bit.) Fig. 16 Structure of timer related registers 1-24 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Data bus XCIN 1/2 “1” XIN “0” Internal system clock selection bit Timer 1 latch (8) RESET STP instruction Timer 1 interrupt request Timer 1 count source Timer 1 (8) “01” selection bits “00” “10” “11” FF16 1/8 1/16 1/64 Timer 1 count stop bit P75/T1OUT P75 latch 1/2 Timer 1 output selection bit Timer 2 latch (8) Timer 2 count source selection bits Timer 2 (8) P75 direction register “00” “01” “10” CNTR0 P83/CNTR0/CNTR2 Rising/Falling active edge switch 0116 Timer 2 interrupt request Timer 2 count stop bit CNTR2 Timer 3 latch (8) Timer 3 count source selection bits Timer 3 (8) Timer 3 count stop bit Timer 3 interrupt request “01” “00” P76/T3OUT P76 latch “10” “11” 1/2 Timer 3 output selection bit Timer 4 latch (8) “01” P76 direction register Timer 4 count source selection bits Timer 4 (8) Timer 4 count stop bit Timer 4 interrupt request “00” “10” P82/CNTR1 Rising/Falling active edge switch Timer 5 latch (8) “1” “0” Timer 5 count source selection bit Timer 5 (8) Timer 5 count stop bit Timer 5 interrupt request Timer 6 latch (8) “01” “00” “10” Timer 6 count source selection bits Timer 6 (8) Timer 6 count stop bit Timer 6 interrupt request Timer 6 PWM register (8) P74/PWM1 P74 latch “1” “0” Timer 6 output selection bit PWM 1/2 Timer 6 operation mode selection bit P74 direction register Fig. 17 Block diagram of timer 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-25 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ts Timer 6 count source Timer 6 PWM mode n ✕ ts m ✕ ts (n+m) ✕ ts Timer 6 interrupt request Timer 6 interrupt request Note: PWM waveform (duty : n/(n + m) and period: (n + m) ✕ ts) is output. n : setting value of Timer 6 m: setting value of Timer 6 PWM register ts: period of Timer 6 count source Fig. 18 Timing chart of timer 6 PWM1 mode 1-26 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 16-Bit Timer Timer X is a 16-bit timer that can be selected in one of four modes by the Timer X mode registers 1, 2 and can be controlled for the timer X write and the real time port by setting the timer X mode registers. Read and write operation on 16-bit timer must be performed for both high- and low-order bytes. When reading a 16-bit timer, read from the high-order byte first. When writing to 16-bit timer, write to the loworder byte first. The 16-bit timer cannot perform the correct operation when reading during write operation, or when writing during read operation. qTimer X Timer X is a down-counter. When the timer reaches “000016”, an underflow occurs with the next count pulse. Then the contents of the timer latch is reloaded into the timer and the timer continues downcounting. When a timer underflows, the interrupt request bit corresponding to that timer is set to “1”. (1) Timer mode A count source can be selected by setting the Timer X count source selection bits (bits 1 and 2) of the Timer X mode register 1. (2) Pulse output mode Each time the timer underflows, a signal output from the CNTR2 pin is inverted. Except for this, the operation in pulse output mode is the same as in timer mode. When using a timer in this mode, set the port shared with the CNTR 2 pin to output. (3) Event counter mode The timer counts signals input through the CNTR 2 pin. Except for this, the operation in event counter mode is the same as in timer mode. When using a timer in this mode, set the port shared with the CNTR 2 pin to input. (4) Pulse width measurement mode A count source can be selected by setting the Timer X count source selection bits (bits 1 and 2) of the Timer X mode register 1. When CNTR 2 active edge switch bit is “0”, the timer counts while the input signal of the CNTR2 pin is at “H”. When it is “1”, the timer counts while the input signal of the CNTR2 pin is at “L”. When using a timer in this mode, set the port shared with the CNTR2 pin to input. s Note •Timer X Write Control If the timer X write control bit is “0”, when the value is written in the address of timer X, the value is loaded in the timer X and the latch at the same time. If the timer X write control bit is “1”, when the value is written in the address of timer X, the value is loaded only in the latch. The value in the latch is loaded in timer X after timer X underflows. When the value is written in latch only, unexpected value may be set in the high-order counter if the writing in high-order latch and the underflow of timer X are performed at the same timing. •Real Time Port Control While the real time port function is valid, data for the real time port are output from ports P94 and P95 each time the timer X underflows. (However, if the real time port control bit is changed from “0” to “1”, data are output independent of the timer X.) When the data for the real time port is changed while the real time port function is valid, the changed data are output at the next underflow of timer X. Before using this function, set the corresponding port direction registers to output mode. 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-27 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Real time port control bit “1” P94 Data bus QD P94 data for real time port Real time port control bit (P94) “0” “1 ” Timer X mode register write signal “0 ” Latch P94 direction register P94 latch Real time port control bit “1” QD P95 “0 ” Latch P95 direction register P95 latch P95 data for real time port Real time port control bit (P95) “0” “1 ” XCIN 1/2 “1 ” Timer X mode register write signal XIN Internal system clock selection bit 1/2 Count source selection bit 1/8 “0 ” 1/64 Timer X stop control bit Timer X operating Divider Timer X write control bit CNTR2 active edge switch bit P83/CNTR0/CNTR2 mode bits “0 ” “00”,“01”,“11” “10” Timer X latch (low-order) (8) Timer X latch (high-order) (8) Timer X (low-order) (8) Timer X (high-order) (8) Timer X interrupt request “1 ” Pulse width measurement mode CNTR2 active edge switch bit “0” Q P83 direction register “1 ” P83 latch Q Pulse output mode S T Pulse output mode CNTR0 Fig. 19 Block diagram of timer X b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer X mode register 1 (TXM1 : address 002E16) Timer X write control bit 0 : Write data to both timer latch and timer 1 : Write data to timer latch only Timer X count source selection bits b2 b1 0 0 : f(XIN)/2 or f(XCIN)/4 0 1 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 1 0 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 1 1 : Not available Not used (returns “0” when read) Timer X operating mode bits b5 b4 0 0 : Timer mode 0 1 : Pulse output mode 1 0 : Event counter mode 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode CNTR2 active edge switch bit 0 : • Event counter mode ; counts rising edges • Pulse output mode ; output starts with “H” level • Pulse width measurement mode ; measures “H” periods 1 : • Event counter mode ; counts falling edges • Pulse output mode ; output starts with “L” level • Pulse width measurement mode ; measures “L” periods Timer X stop control bit 0 : Count operating 1 : Count stop Timer X mode register 2 (TXM2 : address 002F16) Real time port control bit (P94) 0 : Real time port function is invalid 1 : Real time port function is valid Real time port control bit (P95) 0 : Real time port function is invalid 1 : Real time port function is valid P94 data for real time port P95 data for real time port Not used (returns “0” when read) Fig. 20 Structure of timer X related registers 1-28 38B7 Group User’s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION SERIAL I/O Serial I/O1 Serial I/O1 is used as the clock synchronous serial I/O and has an ordinary mode and an automatic transfer mode. In the automatic transfer mode, serial transfer is performed through the serial I/O automatic transfer RAM which has up to 256 bytes (addresses 0F0016 to 0FFF16 ). The PB 1/SRDY1 , PB 2/SBUSY1 , and PB3/S STB1 pins each have a handshake I/O signal function and can select either “H” active or “L” active for active logic. Main address bus Local address bus Serial I/O automatic transfer RAM (0F0016 to 0FFF16) Main Local data bus data bus Address decoder Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer Serial I/O1 automatic transfer controller XCIN 1/2 Internal system clock selection bit “1 ” “0 ” Serial I/O1 control register 3 1/4 1/8 1/16 1/32 1/64 1/128 1/256 XIN “0 ” (PB3/SSTB1 pin control bit) PB3/SSTB1 “1 ” PB1/SRDY1•PB2/SBUSY1 PB2 latch pin control bit “0 ” PB2/SBUSY1 “1 ” PB1/SRDY1•PB2/SBUSY1 PB1 latch pin control bit “0 ” Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bit Synchronous circuit “0” “1” Serial I/O1 clock pin selection bit PB1/SRDY1 “1 ” SCLK1 “0 ” “1 ” Divider PB3 latch Internal synchronous clock selection bits Serial transfer status flag PB4 latch “0 ” Serial I/O1 interrupt request PB4/SCLK11 “1 ” “1 ” “0 ” Serial I/O1 counter “1 ” Serial I/O1 clock pin selection bits PB0/SCLK12 “0 ” PB0 latch “0 ” PB5/SOUT1 PB5 latch “1” Serial transfer selection bits PB6/SIN1 Serial I/O1 register (8) Fig. 21 Block diagram of serial I/O1 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-29 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 control register 1 (SIO1CON1 (SC11):address 001916) Serial transfer selection bits b1 b0 0 0 : Serial I/O disabled (pins PB0 to PB6 are I/O ports) 0 1 : 8-bit serial I/O 1 0 : Not available 1 1 : Automatic transfer serial I/O (8-bits) Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bits (PB3/SSTB1 pin control bit) b3 b2 0 0 : Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is an I/O port.) 0 1 : External synchronous clock (PB3 pin is an I/O port.) 1 0 : Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is an SSTB1 output.) 1 1 : Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is an SSTB1 output.) Serial I/O initialization bit 0: Serial I/O initialization 1: Serial I/O enabled Transfer mode selection bit 0: Full duplex (transmit and receive) mode (PB6 pin is an SIN1 input.) 1: Transmit-only mode (PB6 pin is an I/O port.) Transfer direction selection bit 0: LSB first 1: MSB first Serial I/O1 clock pin selection bit 0:SCLK11 (PB0/SCLK12 pin is an I/O port.) 1:SCLK12 (PB4/SCLK11 pin is an I/O port.) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 control register 2 (SIO1CON2 (SC12): address 001A16) PB1/SRDY1 • PB2/SBUSY1 pin control bits b3b2b1b0 0 0 0 0: Pins PB1 and PB2 are I/O ports 0 0 0 1: Not used 0 0 1 0: PB1 pin is an SRDY1 output, PB2 pin is an I/O port. 0 0 1 1: PB1 pin is an SRDY1 output, PB2 pin is an I/O port. 0 1 0 0: PB1 pin is an I/O port, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 input. 0 1 0 1: PB1 pin is an I/O port, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 input. 0 1 1 0: PB1 pin is an I/O port, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 output. 0 1 1 1: PB1 pin is an I/O port, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 output. 1 0 0 0: PB1 pin is an SRDY1 input, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 output. 1 0 0 1: PB1 pin is an SRDY1 input, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 output. 1 0 1 0: PB1 pin is an SRDY1 input, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 output. 1 0 1 1: PB1 pin is an SRDY1 input, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 output. 1 1 0 0: PB1 pin is an SRDY1 output, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 input. 1 1 0 1: PB1 pin is an SRDY1 output, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 input. 1 1 1 0: PB1 pin is an SRDY1 output, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 input. 1 1 1 1: PB1 pin is an SRDY1 output, PB2 pin is an SBUSY1 input. SBUSY1 output • SSTB1 output function selection bit (Valid in automatic transfer mode) 0: Functions as each 1-byte signal 1: Functions as signal for all transfer data Serial transfer status flag 0: Serial transfer completion 1: Serial transferring SOUT1 pin control bit (at no-transfer serial data) 0: Output active 1: Output high-impedance PB5/SOUT1 P-channel output disable bit 0: CMOS 3-state (P-channel output is valid.) 1: N-channel open-drain (P-channel output is invalid.) Fig. 22 Structure of serial I/O1 control registers 1, 2 1-30 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (1) Serial I/O1 operation Either the internal synchronous clock or external synchronous clock can be selected by the serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bits (b2 and b3 of address 0019 16) of serial I/O1 control register 1 as synchronous clock for serial transfer. The internal synchronous clock has a built-in dedicated divider where 7 different clocks are selected by the internal synchronous clock selection bits (b5, b6 and b7 of address 001C16) of serial I/O1 control register 3. The PB1/S RDY1, PB2/S BUSY1, and PB3 /SSTB1 pins each select either I/O port or handshake I/O signal by the serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bits (b2 and b3 of address 001916) of serial I/O1 control register 1 as well as the PB 1/S RDY1 • P B2 / SBUSY1 p in control bits (b0 to b3 of address 001A 16) of serial I/O1 control register 2. For the SOUT1 being used as an output pin, either CMOS output or N-channel open-drain output is selected by the PB5/S OUT1 Pchannel output disable bit (b7 of address 001A16) of serial I/O1 control register 2. Either output active or high-impedance can be selected as a SOUT1 pin state at serial non-transfer by the SOUT1 pin control bit (b6 of address 001A16) of serial I/O1 control register 2. However, when the external synchronous clock is selected, perform the following setup to put the SOUT1 pin into a high-impedance state: When the SCLK1 input is “H” after completion of transfer, set the SOUT1 pin control bit to “1”. When the S CLK1 input goes to “L” after the start of the next serial transfer, the SOUT1 pin control bit is automatically reset to “0” and put into an output active state. Regardless of whether the internal synchronous clock or external synchronous clock is selected, the full duplex mode and the transmit-only mode are available for serial transfer, one of which is selected by the transfer mode selection bit (b5 of address 001916 ) of serial I/O1 control register 1. Either LSB first or MSB first is selected for the I/O sequence of the serial transfer bit strings by the transfer direction selection bit (b6 of address 001916 ) of serial I/O1 control register 1. When using serial I/O1, first select either 8-bit serial I/O or automatic transfer serial I/O by the serial transfer selection bits (b0 and b1 of address 0019 16) of serial I/O1 control register 1, after completion of the above bit setup. Next, set the serial I/O initialization bit (b4 of address 001916 ) of serial I/O1 control register 1 to “1” (Serial I/O enable) . When stopping serial transfer while data is being transferred, regardless of whether the internal or external synchronous clock is selected, reset the serial I/O initialization bit (b4) to “0”. b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 control register 3 (SIO1CON3 (SC13): address 001C16) Automatic transfer interval set bits b4b3b2b1b0 0 0 0 0 0: 2 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 0 1: 3 cycles of transfer clocks : 1 1 1 1 0: 32 cycles of transfer clocks 1 1 1 1 1: 33 cycles of transfer clocks Data is written to a latch and read from a decrement counter. Internal synchronous clock selection bits b7b6b5 0 0 0: f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/8 0 0 1: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1 0: f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 0 1 1: f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN)/64 1 0 0: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 1 0 1: f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/256 1 1 0: f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/512 Fig. 23 Structure of serial I/O1 control register 3 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-31 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (2) 8-bit serial I/O mode Address 001B16 is assigned to the serial I/O1 register. When the internal synchronous clock is selected, a serial transfer of the 8-bit serial I/O is started by a write signal to the serial I/O1 register (address 001B16 ). The serial transfer status flag (b5 of address 001A16) of serial I/O1 control register 2 indicates the shift register status of serial I/O1, and is set to “1” by writing into the serial I/O1 register, which becomes a transfer start trigger and reset to “0” after completion of 8-bit transfer. At the same time, a serial I/O1 interrupt request occurs. When the external synchronous clock is selected, the contents of the serial I/O1 register are continuously shifted while transfer clocks are input to SCLK1 . Therefore, the clock needs to be controlled externally. I/O1 control register 2 as the signal for all transfer data, provided that the automatic transfer interval setting is valid, a transfer interval is placed before the start of transmission/reception of the first data and after the end of transmission/reception of the last data. For SSTB1 output, regardless of the contents of the S BUSY1 output • SSTB1 output function selection bit (b4), the transfer interval for each 1-byte data is longer than the set value by 2 cycles. Furthermore, when using a combination of S BUSY1 o utput and SSTB1 output as a signal for all transfer data, the transfer interval after the end of transmission/reception of the last data is longer than the set value by 2 cycles. When the external synchronous clock is selected, automatic transfer interval setting is disabled. After completion of the above bit setup, if the internal synchronous clock is selected, automatic serial transfer is started by writing the value of “number of transfer bytes – 1” into the transfer counter (address 001B16 ). When the external synchronous clock is selected, write the value of “number of transfer bytes – 1” into the transfer counter and keep an internal system clock interval of 5 cycles or more. After that, input transfer clock to SCLK1 . As a transfer interval for each 1-byte data transfer, keep an internal system clock interval of 5 cycles or more from the clock rise time of the last bit. Regardless of whether the internal or external synchronous clock is selected, the automatic transfer data pointer and the transfer counter are decremented after each 1-byte data is received and then written into the automatic transfer RAM. The serial transfer status flag (b5 of address 001A16) is set to “1” by writing data into the transfer counter. Writing data becomes a transfer start trigger, and the serial transfer status flag is reset to “0” after the last data is written into the automatic transfer RAM. At the same time, a serial I/O1 interrupt request occurs. The values written in the automatic transfer data pointer set bits (b0 to b7 of address 001816) and the automatic transfer interval set bits (b0 to b4 of address 001C 16) are held in the latch. When data is written into the transfer counter, the values latched in the automatic transfer data pointer set bits (b0 to b7) and the automatic transfer interval set bits (b0 to b4) are transferred to the decrement counter. (3) Automatic transfer serial I/O mode The serial I/O1 automatic transfer controller controls the write and read operations of the serial I/O1 register, so that the function of address 001B16 is used as a transfer counter (1-byte unit). When performing serial transfer through the serial I/O automatic transfer RAM (addresses 0F0016 to 0FFF 16), it is necessary to set the serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer (address 001816) beforehand. Input the low-order 8 bits of the first data store address to be serially transferred to the automatic transfer data pointer set bits. When the internal synchronous clock is selected, the transfer interval for each 1-byte data can be set by the automatic transfer interval set bits (b0 to b4 of address 001C16 ) of serial I/O1 control register 3 in the following cases: 1. When using no handshake signal 2. When using the SRDY1 output, SBUSY1 output, and SSTB1 output of the handshake signal independently 3. When using a combination of SRDY1 output and SSTB1 output or a combination of S BUSY1 output and SSTB1 output of the handshake signal. It is possible to select one of 32 different values, namely 2 to 33 cycles of the transfer clock, as a setting value. When using the SBUSY1 output and selecting the SBUSY1 output • SSTB1 output function selection bit (b4 of address 001A16) of serial b7 b0 Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer (SIO1DP: address 001816) Automatic transfer data pointer set bits Specify the low-order 8 bits of the first data store address on the serial I/O automatic transfer RAM. Data is written into the latch and read from the decrement counter. Fig. 24 Structure of serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer 1-32 38B7 Group User’s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Automatic transfer RAM FFF16 Automatic transfer data pointer 5216 F5216 F5116 F5016 F4F16 F4E16 Transfer counter 0416 F0016 SIN1 Serial I/O1 register SOUT1 Fig. 25 Automatic transfer serial I/O operation 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-33 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (4) Handshake signal 1. SSTB1 output signal The SSTB1 output is a signal to inform an end of transmission/reception to the serial transfer destination . The SSTB1 output signal can be used only when the internal synchronous clock is selected. In the initial status, namely, in the status in which the serial I/O initialization bit (b4) is reset to “0”, the SSTB1 output goes to “L”, or the SSTB1 output goes to “H”. At the end of transmit/receive operation, when the data of the serial I/O1 register is all output from SOUT1, pulses are output in the period of 1 cycle of the transfer clock so as to cause the SSTB1 output to go “ H ” o r the S STB1 o utput to go “ L” . After that, each pulse is returned to the initial status in which SSTB1 output goes to “L” or the SSTB1 output goes to “H”. Furthermore, after 1 cycle, the serial transfer status flag (b5) is reset to “0”. In the automatic transfer serial I/O mode, whether the SSTB1 output is to be active at an end of each 1-byte data or after completion of transfer of all data can be selected by the SBUSY1 output • SSTB1 output function selection bit (b4 of address 001A16 ) of serial I/O1 control register 2. 2. SBUSY1 input signal The SBUSY1 input is a signal which receives a request for a stop of transmission/reception from the serial transfer destination. When the internal synchronous clock is selected, input an “ H ” level signal into the SBUSY1 input and an “L” level signal into the SBUSY1 input in the initial status in which transfer is stopped. When starting a transmit/receive operation, input an “L” level signal into the SBUSY1 input and an “H” level signal into the SBUSY1 input in the period of 1.5 cycles or more of the transfer clock. Then, transfer clocks are output from the SCLK1 output. When an “H” level signal is input into the SBUSY1 input and an “L” level signal into the SBUSY1 input after a transmit/receive operation is started, this transmit/receive operation are not stopped immediately and the transfer clocks from the SCLK1 output is not stopped until the specified number of bits are transmitted and received. The handshake unit of the 8-bit serial I/O is 8 bits and that of the automatic transfer serial I/O is 8 bits. When the external synchronous clock is selected, input an “ H ” level signal into the SBUSY1 input and an “L” level signal into the SBUSY1 input in the initial status in which transfer is stopped. At this time, the transfer clocks to be input in SCLK1 become invalid. During serial transfer, the transfer clocks to be input in SCLK1 become valid, enabling a transmit/receive operation, while an “L” level signal is input into the SBUSY1 input and an “H” level signal is input into the SBUSY1 input. When changing the input values in the S BUSY1 i nput and the SBUSY1 input at these operations, change them when the SCLK1 input is in a high state. When the high impedance of the SOUT1 output is selected by the SOUT1 pin control bit (b6), the SOUT1 output becomes active, enabling serial transfer by inputting a transfer clock to SCLK1, while an “L” level signal is input into the SBUSY1 input and an “H” level signal is input into the SBUSY1 input. SSTB1 Serial transfer status flag SCLK1 SOUT1 Fig. 26 SSTB1 output operation SBUSY1 SCLK1 SOUT1 Fig. 27 SBUSY1 input operation (internal synchronous clock) SBUSY1 SCLK1 Invalid SOUT1 (Output high-impedance) Fig. 28 SBUSY1 input operation (external synchronous clock) 3. SBUSY1 output signal The S BUSY1 output is a signal which requests a stop of transmission/reception to the serial transfer destination. In the automatic transfer serial I/O mode, regardless of the internal or external synchronous clock, whether the S BUSY1 o utput is to be active at transfer of each 1-byte data or during transfer of all data can be selected by the S BUSY1 output • SSTB1 output function selection bit (b4). In the initial status, the status in which the serial I/O initialization bit (b4) is reset to “ 0 ” , the S BUSY1 o utput goes to “ H ” a nd the SBUSY1 output goes to “L”. 1-34 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION When the internal synchronous clock is selected, in the 8-bit serial I/O mode and the automatic transfer serial I/O mode (S BUSY1 output function outputs in 1-byte units), the S BUSY1 output goes to “L” and the S BUSY1 output goes to “H” before 0.5 cycle (transfer clock) of the timing at which the transfer clock from the S CLK1 o utput goes to “L” at a start of transmit/receive operation. In the automatic transfer serial I/O mode (the SBUSY1 output function outputs all transfer data), the S BUSY1 output goes to “L” and the S BUSY1 output goes to “H” when the first transmit data is written into the serial I/O1 register (address 001B 16). When the external synchronous clock is selected, the SBUSY1 output goes to “L” and the S BUSY1 output goes to “H” when transmit data is written into the serial I/O1 register to start a transmit operation, regardless of the serial I/O transfer mode. At termination of transmit/receive operation, the SBUSY1 output returns to “H” and the SBUSY1 output returns to “L”, the initial status, when the serial transfer status flag is set to “ 0 ” , regardless of whether the internal or external synchronous clock is selected. Furthermore, in the automatic transfer serial I/O mode (S BUSY1 output function outputs in 1-byte units), the SBUSY1 output goes to “H” and the SBUSY1 output goes to “L” each time 1-byte of receive data is written into the automatic transfer RAM. SBUSY1 Serial transfer status flag SBUSY1 Serial transfer status flag SCLK1 SCLK1 Write to Serial I/O1 register Fig. 30 SBUSY1 output operation (external synchronous clock, 8-bit serial I/O) SOUT1 Fig. 29 S BUSY1 output operation (internal synchronous clock, 8-bit serial I/O) Automatic transfer interval SCLK1 Serial I/O1 register →Automatic transfer RAM Automatic transfer RAM →Serial I/O1 register SBUSY1 Serial transfer status flag SOUT1 Fig. 31 S BUSY1 output operation in automatic transfer serial I/O mode (internal synchronous clock, SBUSY1 output function outputs each 1-byte) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-35 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 4. SRDY1 output signal The SRDY1 o utput is a transmit/receive enable signal which informs the serial transfer destination that transmit/receive is ready. In the initial status, when the serial I/O initialization bit (b4) is reset to “0”, the SRDY1 output goes to “L” and the S RDY1 output goes to “H”. After transmitted data is stored in the serial I/O1 register (address 001B16) and a transmit/receive operation becomes ready, the SRDY1 output goes to “H” and the SRDY1 output goes to “L”. When a transmit/receive operation is started and the transfer clock goes to “L”, the SRDY1 output goes to “L” and the SRDY1 output goes to “H”. 5. SRDY1 input signal The SRDY1 input signal becomes valid only when the SRDY1 input and the SBUSY1 output are used. The SRDY1 input is a signal for receiving a transmit/receive ready completion signal from the serial transfer destination. When the internal synchronous clock is selected, input a low level signal into the SRDY1 input and a high level signal into the SRDY1 input in the initial status in which the transfer is stopped. When an “H” level signal is input into the SRDY1 input and an “L” level signal is input into the SRDY1 input for a period of 1.5 cycles or more of transfer clock, transfer clocks are output from the SCLK1 output and a transmit/receive operation is started. After the transmit/receive operation is started and an “L” level signal is input into the S RDY1 input and an “H” level signal into the SRDY1 input, this operation cannot be immediately stopped. After the specified number of bits are transmitted and received, the transfer clocks from the SCLK1 output is stopped. The handshake unit of the 8-bit serial I/O and that of the automatic transfer serial I/O are of 8 bits. When the external synchronous clock is selected, the SRDY1 input becomes one of the triggers to output the SBUSY1 signal. To start a transmit/receive operation (SBUSY1 output: “L”, S BUSY1 output: “H”), input an “H” level signal into the SRDY1 input and an “L” level signal into the SRDY1 input, and also write transmit data into the serial I/O1 register. SRDY1 SCLK1 Write to serial I/O1 register Fig. 32 SRDY1 output operation SRDY1 SCLK1 SOUT1 Fig. 33 SRDY1 input operation (internal synchronous clock) 1-36 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION SCLK1 SRDY1 SBUSY1 SCLK1 SRDY1 SBUSY1 A: Write to serial I/O1 register SRDY1 SBUSY1 A: Internal synchronous clock selection B: External synchronous clock selection SCLK1 B: Write to serial I/O1 register Fig. 34 Handshake operation at serial I/O1 mutual connecting (1) SCLK1 SRDY1 SBUSY1 SCLK1 SRDY1 SBUSY1 A: Write to serial I/O1 register SRDY1 SBUSY1 A: Internal synchronous clock selection B: External synchronous clock selection SCLK1 B: Write to serial I/O1 register Fig. 35 Handshake operation at serial I/O1 mutual connecting (2) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-37 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Serial I/O2 Serial I/O2 can be used as either clock synchronous or asynchronous (UART) serial I/O. A dedicated timer (baud rate generator) is also provided for baud rate generation during serial I/O2 operation. register (address 001D 16) to “1”. For clock synchronous serial I/O, the transmitter and the receiver must use the same clock for serial I/O2 operation. If an internal clock is used, transmit/receive is started by a write signal to the serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register (TB/RB) (address 001F16 ). When P6 7 (SCLK22 ) is selected as a clock I/O pin, SRDY2 output function is invalid, and P66 (SCLK21) is used as an I/O port. (1) Clock synchronous serial I/O mode The clock synchronous serial I/O mode can be selected by setting the serial I/O2 mode selection bit (b6) of the serial I/O2 control Data bus Address 001F16 Receive buffer register P64/RXD “0 ” Serial I/O2 control register Address 001D16 Receive buffer full flag (RBF) Receive interrupt request (RI) Clock control circuit Receive shift register Shift clock Serial I/O2 clock I/O pin selection bit “1 ” “0 ” P66/SCLK21 P67/SRDY2/SCLK22 XIN Internal system clock selection bit Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit “0 ” “1 ” XCIN 1/2 “1 ” BRG count source selection bit Division ratio 1/(n+1) Baud rate generator BRG clock Address 003716 1/4 switch bit Falling edge detector Shift clock Transmit shift register Transmit buffer register Address 001F16 Data bus Clock control circuit 1/4 P67/SRDY2/SCLK22 F/F Serial I/O2 clock I/O pin selection bit P65/TXD Transmit shift register shift completion flag (TSC) Transmit interrupt source selection bit Transmit interrupt request (TI) Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) Serial I/O2 status register Address 001E16 Fig. 36 Block diagram of clock synchronous serial I/O2 Transmit/Receive shift clock (1/2 to 1/2048 of internal clock or external clock) Serial I/O2 output TxD Serial I/O2 input RxD D0 D0 D1 D1 D2 D2 D3 D3 D4 D4 D5 D5 D6 D6 D7 D7 Receive enable signal SRDY2 Write-in signal to serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register (address 001F16) TBE = 0 RBF = 1 TSC = 1 Overrun error (OE) detection TBE = 1 TSC = 0 Notes 1 : The transmit interrupt (TI) can be selected to occur either when the transmit buffer has emptied (TBE=1) or after the transmit shift operation has ended (TSC=1), by setting transmit interrupt source selection bit (TIC) of the serial I/O2 control register. 2 : If data is written to the transmit buffer register when TSC=0, the transmit clock is generated continuously and serial data is output continuously from the TxD pin. 3 : The receive interrupt (RI) is set when the receive buffer full flag (RBF) becomes “1”. Fig. 37 Operation of clock synchronous serial I/O2 function 1-38 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION (2) Asynchronous serial I/O (UART) mode The asynchronous serial I/O (UART) mode can be selected by clearing the serial I/O2 mode selection bit (b6) of the serial I/O2 control register (address 001D16) to “0”. Eight serial data transfer formats can be selected and the transfer formats used by the transmitter and receiver must be identical. The transmit and receive shift registers each have a buffer (the two buffers have the same address in memory). Since the shift register cannot be written to or read from directly, transmit data is written to the transmit buffer, and receive data is read from the receive buffer. The transmit buffer can also hold the next data to be transmitted, and the receive buffer can receive 2-byte data continuously. Data bus Address 001F16 OE P64/RXD Receive buffer register Serial I/O2 control register Address 001D16 Receive buffer full flag (RBF) Receive interrupt request (RI) 1/16 PE FE P66/SCLK21 P67/SRDY2/SCLK22 XIN “1 ” “0 ” SP detector Character length selection bit 7 bit ST detector Receive shift register 8 bit Serial I/O2 clock I/O pin selection bit Clock control circuit Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit UART control register Address 003816 “1 ” Internal system clock selection bit “0 ” BRG count source selection bit XCIN 1/2 “1 ” BRG clock switch bit 1/4 Division ratio 1/(n+1) Baud rate generator Address 003716 Transmit shift register shift completion flag (TSC) Transmit interrupt source selection bit Transmit interrupt request (TI) Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) Address 001E16 Serial I/O2 status register ST/SP/PA generator 1/16 P65/TXD Character length selection bit Transmit buffer register Address 001F16 Data bus Transmit shift register Fig. 38 Block diagram of UART serial I/O2 Transmit or receive clock Write-in signal to transmit buffer register TBE=0 TSC=0 TBE=1 TBE=0 TBE=1 ST D0 D1 D0 D1 TSC=1* SP Serial I/O2 output TXD SP ST Read-out signal from receive buffer register 1 start bit 7 or 8 data bit 1 or 0 parity bit 1 or 2 stop bit RBF=1 ST D0 D1 SP ST D0 RBF=0 D1 * Generated at 2nd bit in 2-stop bit mode RBF=1 Serial I/O2 input RXD SP Fig. 39 Operation of UART serial I/O2 function 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-39 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION [Serial I/O2 Control Register] SIO2CON (001D16) The serial I/O2 control register contains eight control bits for serial I/O2 functions. [UART Control Register] UARTCON (003816) This is a 7 bit register containing four control bits, of which four bits are valid when UART is selected, and of which three bits are always valid. Data format of serial data receive/transfer and the output structure of the P65/TxD pin and others are set by this register. [Serial I/O2 Status Register] SIO2STS (001E16) The read-only serial I/O2 status register consists of seven flags (b0 to b6) which indicate the operating status of the serial I/O2 function and various errors. Three of the flags (b4 to b6) are only valid in the UART mode. The receive buffer full flag (b1) is cleared to “0” when the receive buffer is read. The error detection is performed at the same time data is transferred from the receive shift register to the receive buffer register, and the receive buffer full flag is set. A writing to the serial I/O2 status register clears error flags OE, PE, FE, and SE (b3 to b6, respectively). Writing “0” to the serial I/O2 enable bit (SIOE : b7 of the serial I/O2 control register) also clears all the status flags, including the error flags. All bits of the serial I/O2 status register are initialized to “0” at reset, but if the transmit enable bit (b4) of the serial I/O2 control register has been set to “1”, the transmit shift register shift completion flag (b2) and the transmit buffer empty flag (b0) become “1”. [Serial I/O2 Transmit Buffer Register/Receive Buffer Register] TB/RB (001F16) The transmit buffer and the receive buffer are located in the same address. The transmit buffer is write-only and the receive buffer is read-only. If a character bit length is 7 bits, the MSB of data stored in the receive buffer is “0”. [Baud Rate Generator] BRG (003716) The baud rate generator determines the baud rate for serial transfer. With the 8-bit counter having a reload register, the baud rate generator divides the frequency of the count source by 1/(n+1), where n is the value written to the baud rate generator. 1-40 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual HARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION b7 b0 Serial I/O2 status register (SIO2STS : address 001E16) Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) 0: Buffer full 1: Buffer empty Receive buffer full flag (RBF) 0: Buffer empty 1: Buffer full Transmit shift register shift completion flag (TSC) 0: Transmit shift in progress 1: Transmit shift completed Overrun error flag (OE) 0: No error 1: Overrun error Parity error flag (PE) 0: No error 1: Parity error Framing error flag (FE) 0: No error 1: Framing error Summing error flag (SE) 0: (OE) U (PE) U (FE)=0 1: (OE) U (PE) U (FE)=1 Not used (returns “1” when read) b7 b0 Serial I/O2 control register (SIO2CON : address 001D16) BRG count source selection bit (CSS) 0: f(XIN) or f(XCIN)/2 or f(XCIN) 1: f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/4 Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit (SCS) 0: BRG/ 4 (when clock synchronous serial I/O is selected) BRG/16 (UART is selected) 1: External clock input (when clock synchronous serial I/O is selected) External clock input/16 (UART is selected) SRDY2 output enable bit (SRDY) 0: P67 pin operates as ordinary I/O pin 1: P67 pin operates as SRDY2 output pin Transmit interrupt source selection bit (TIC) 0: Interrupt when transmit buffer has emptied 1: Interrupt when transmit shift operation is completed Transmit enable bit (TE) 0: Transmit disabled 1: Transmit enabled Receive enable bit (RE) 0: Receive disabled 1: Receive enabled Serial I/O2 mode selection bit (SIOM) 0: Asynchronous serial I/O (UART) 1: Clock synchronous serial I/O Serial I/O2 enable bit (SIOE) 0: Serial I/O2 disabled (pins P64 to P67 operate as ordinary I/O pins) 1: Serial I/O2 enabled (pins P64 to P67 operate as serial I/O pins) b7 b0 UART control register (UARTCON : address 003816) Character length selection bit (CHAS) 0: 8 bits 1: 7 bits Parity enable bit (PARE) 0: Parity checking disabled 1: Parity checking enabled Parity selection bit (PARS) 0: Even parity 1: Odd parity Stop bit length selection bit (STPS) 0: 1 stop bit 1: 2 stop bits P65/TXD P-channel output disable bit (POFF) 0: CMOS output (in output mode) 1: N-channel open-drain output (in output mode) BRG clock switch bit 0: XIN or XCIN (depends on internal system clock) 1: XCIN Serial I/O2 clock I/O pin selection bit 0: SCLK21 (P67/SCLK22 pin is used as I/O port or SRDY2 output pin.) 1: SCLK22 (P66/SCLK21 pin is used as I/O port.) Not used (return “1” when read) Fig. 40 Structure of serial I/O2 related register sNotes When setting the transmit enable bit to “1”, the serial I/O2 transmit interrupt request bit is automatically set to “1”. When not requiring the interrupt occurrence synchronized with the transmission enabled, take the following sequence. ➀ Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt enable bit to “0” (disabled). ➁ Set the transmit enable bit to “1”. ➂ Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt request bit to “0” after 1 or more instructions have been executed. ➃ Set the serial I/O1 tranmit interrupt enable bit to “1” (enabled). 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-41 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Serial I/O3 The serial I/O3 function can be used only for 8-bit clock synchronous serial I/O. All serial I/O pins are shared with port P9, which can be set with the serial I/O3 control register (address 0EEC16). b7 b0 Serial I/O3 control register (SIO3CON : address 0EEC16) Internal synchronous clock selection bits b2 b1 b0 [Serial I/O3 Control Register (SIO3CON)] 0EEC16 The serial I/O3 control register contains eight bits which control various serial I/O functions. q Serial I/O3 Operation Either the internal clock or external clock can be selected as synchronous clock for serial I/O3 transfer. The internal clock can use a built-in dedicated divider where 6 different clocks are selected. In the case of the internal clock used, transfer is started by a write signal to the serial I/O3 register (address 0EED16). When 8-bit data has been transferred, the SOUT3 pin goes to high impedance state. In the case of the external clock used, the clock must be externally controlled. It is because the contents of serial I/O3 register is kept shifted while the clock is being input. Additionally, the function to put the SOUT3 p in high impedance state at completion of data transfer is not available. The serial I/O3 interrupt request bit is set at completion of 8-bit data transfer, regardless of use of the internal clock or external clock. 0 0 0: f(XIN)/4 (f(XCIN)/8) 0 0 1: f(XIN)/8 (f(XCIN)/16) 0 1 0: f(XIN)/16 (f(XCIN)/32) 0 1 1: f(XIN)/32 (f(XCIN)/64) 1 1 0: f(XIN)/64 (f(XCIN)/128) 1 1 1: f(XIN)/128 (f(XCIN)/256) Serial I/O3 port selection bit (P91, P92) 0: I/O port 1: SOUT3, SCLK3 signal output SRDY3 output selection bit (P93) 0: I/O port 1: SRDY3 signal output Transfer direction selection bit 0: LSB first 1: MSB first Serial I/O3 synchronous clock selection bit 0: External clock 1: Internal clock P91/SOUT3 P-channel output disable bit (P91) 0: CMOS output (in output mode) 1: N-channel open drain output (in output mode) Fig. 42 Structure of serial I/O3 control register XCIN 1/2 “1 ” Internal system clock selection bit 1/4 1/8 Internal synchronous clock selection bits XIN “0 ” Divider 1/16 1/32 1/64 1/128 Data bus P93 latch “0 ” P93/SRDY3 Serial I/O3 synchronous clock selection bit “1” SCLK3 SRDY3 Synchronization “1 ” circuit SRDY3 output selection bit External clock “0 ” P92 latch “0 ” P92/SCLK3 “1 ” Serial I/O3 port selection bit Serial I/O3 counter (3) Serial I/O3 interrupt request P91 latch “0 ” P91/SOUT3 “1 ” Serial I/O3 port selection bit P90/SIN3 Serial I/O3 shift register (8) Fig. 41 Block diagram of serial I/O3 1-42 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Synchronous clock Transfer clock Serial I/O3 register write signal (Note) Serial I/O3 output SOUT3 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Serial I/O3 input SIN3 Receive enable signal SRDY3 Note: When the internal clock is selected as the transfer clock, the SOUT3 pin goes to high impedance after transfer completion. Serial I/O3 interrupt request bit set Fig. 43 Timing of serial I/O3 (LSB first) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-43 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FLD CONTROLLER The M38B7 group has fluorescent display (FLD) drive and control circuits. Table 9 shows the FLD controller specifications. Table 9 FLD controller specifications Item High-breakdownvoltage output port CMOS port Specifications • 52 pins (20 pins can be switched to general-purpose ports) • 4 pins (all 4 pins can be switched to general-purpose ports) (A driver IC must be installed externally) • Used FLD output 28 segment ✕ 28 digit (segment number + digit number ≤ 56) • Used digit output 40 segment ✕ 16 digit (segment number ≤ 40, digit number ≤ 16) • Connected to M35501 56 segment ✕ (connected number of M35501) digit (segment number ≤ 56, digit number ≤ number of M35501 ✕ 16) • Used P64 to P67 expansion 52 segment ✕ 16 digit (segment number ≤ 52, digit number ≤ 16) • 4.0 µ s to 1024 µs (count source XIN/16, 4 MHz) • 16.0 µ s to 4096 µs (count source XIN/64, 4 MHz) • 4.0 µ s to 1024 µs (count source XIN/16, 4 MHz) • 16.0 µ s to 4096 µs (count source XIN/64, 4 MHz) • Digit interrupt • FLD blanking interrupt • Key-scan using digit • Key-scan using segment • Digit pulse output function This function automatically outputs digit pulses. • M35501 connection function The number of digits can be increased easily by using the output of DIMOUT(P7 3) as CLK for the M35501. • Toff section generating/nothing function This function does not generate Toff1 section when the connected outputs are the same. • Gradation display function This function allows each segment to be set for dark or bright display. • P64 to P67 expansion function This function provides 16 lines of digit outputs from four ports by attaching the decoder converting 4-bit data to 16-bit data. FLD controller port Display pixel number Period Dimmer time Interrupt Key-scan Expanded function 1-44 38B7 Group User’s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Main address bus Main data bus Local data bus Digit output set switch register P20/FLD0 DIG/FLD P21/FLD1 DIG/FLD P22/FLD2 DIG/FLD P23/FLD3 DIG/FLD 8 P24/FLD4 DIG/FLD P25/FLD5 DIG/FLD P26/FLD6 DIG/FLD P27/FLD7 DIG/FLD 0EF316 000416 P00/FLD8 P01/FLD9 P02/FLD10 P03/FLD11 P04/FLD12 P05/FLD13 P06/FLD14 P07/FLD15 000016 DIG/FLD DIG/FLD DIG/FLD DIG/FLD 8 DIG/FLD DIG/FLD DIG/FLD DIG/FLD 0EF216 0E0016 FLD automatic display RAM Local address bus 0EDF16 P10/FLD16 P11/FLD17 P12/FLD18 P13/FLD19 8 P14/FLD20 P15/FLD21 P16/FLD22 P17/FLD23 000216 P30/FLD24 P31/FLD25 P32/FLD26 P33/FLD27 8 P34/FLD28 P35/FLD29 P36/FLD30 P37/FLD31 000616 FLDC mode register (0EF416) FLD data pointer reload register (0EF816) FLD/P FLD/P FLD/P FLD/P FLD/P FLD/P FLD/P FLD/P 0EF916 P40/FLD32 P41/FLD33 P42/FLD34 P43/FLD35 8 P44/FLD36 P45/FLD37 P46/FLD38 P47/FLD39 000816 Address decoder FLD data pointer (0EF816) Timing generator FLD/P P50/FLD40 FLD/P P51/FLD41 FLD/P P52/FLD42 FLD/P P53/FLD43 8 FLD/P P54/FLD44 FLD/P P55/FLD45 FLD/P P56/FLD46 FLD/P P57/FLD47 000A16 0EFA16 FLD blanking interrupt FLD digit interrupt FLD/P P60/FLD48 FLD/P P61/FLD49 FLD/P P62/FLD50 FLD/P P63/FLD51 8 FLD/P P64/FLD52 FLD/P P65/FLD53 FLD/P P66/FLD54 FLD/P P67/FLD55 000C16 0EFB16 FLD/Port switch register Fig. 44 Block diagram of FLD control circuit 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-45 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 FLDC mode register (FLDM: address 0EF416) Automatic display control bit 0 : General-purpose mode 1 : Automatic display mode Display start bit 0 : Stop display 1 : Display( start to display by switching “0” to “1”) Tscan control bits b3b2 0 0 : FLD digit interrupt (at rising edge of each digit) 0 1 : 1 ✕ Tdisp 1 0 : 2 ✕ Tdisp FLD blanking interrupt 1 1 : 3 ✕ Tdisp (at falling edge of the last digit) Timing number control bit 0 : 16 timing mode 1 : 32 timing mode Gradation display mode selection control bit 0 : Not selecting 1 : Selecting (Note) Tdisp counter count source selection bit 0 : f(XIN)/16 1 : f(XIN)/64 High-breakdown voltage port drivability selection bit 0 : Drivability strong 1 : Drivability weak Note: When the gradation display mode is selected, the max. number of timing is 16 timing. (Be sure to set the timing number control bit to “0”.) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 FLD output control register (FLDCON: address 0EFC16) P64 to P67 output reverse bit 0 : Output normally 1 : Reverse output Not used (return “0” when read); (Do not write “1”.) P64 to P67 Toff invalid bit 0 : Operation normally 1 : Toff invalid Not used (return “0” when read); (Do not write “1”.) P73 dimmer output control bit 0 : Normal port 1 : Dimmer output Generating/Not of CMOS port Toff section selection bit 0 : Toff section not generated 1 : Toff section generated Generating/Not of high-breakdown voltage port Toff section selection bit 0 : Toff section not generated 1 : Toff section generated Toff2 SET/RESET switch bit 0 : Toff2 RESET; Toff1 SET 1 : Toff2 SET; Tdisp RESET Fig. 45 Structure of FLDC related registers (1) 1-46 38B7 Group User’s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P4 FLD/Port switch register (P4FPR: address 0EF916) Port P40 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P41 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P42 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P43 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P44 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P45 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P46 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P47 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P5 FLD/Port switch register (P5FPR: address 0EFA16) Port P50 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P51 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P52 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P53 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P54 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P55 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P56 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P57 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Fig. 46 Structure of FLDC related registers (2) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-47 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P6 FLD/Port switch register (P6FPR: address 0EFB16) Port P60 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P61 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P62 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P63 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P64 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P65 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Port P66 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output Port Port P67 FLD/Port switch bit 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD output port Fig. 47 Structure of FLDC related registers (3) 1-48 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P0 digit output set switch register (P0DOR: address 0EF216) Port P00 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P01 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P02 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P03 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P04 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P05 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P06 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P07 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P2 digit output set switch register (P2DOR: address 0EF316) Port P20 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P21 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P22 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P23 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P24 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P25 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P26 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Port P27 FLD/Digit switch bit 0 : FLD output 1 : Digit output Fig. 48 Structure of FLDC related registers (4) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-49 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FLD Automatic Display Pins P0 to P6 are the pins capable of automatic display output for the FLD. The FLD star ts operating by setting the automatic display control bit (bit 0 at address 0EF416) to “1”. There is the FLD output function that outputs the RAM contents from the port every timing or the digit output function that drives the port high with a digit timing. The FLD can be displayed using the FLD output for the segments and the digit or FLD output for the digits. When using the FLD output for the digits, be sure to write digit display patterns to the RAM in advance. The remaining segment and digit lines can be used as general-purpose ports. Settings of each port are shown below. Table 10 Pins in FLD automatic display mode Automatic display pin Setting method Port FLD0 to FLD15 The individual bits of the digit output set switch registers (addresses 0EF216 , 0EF316 ) can P0, P2 set each pin to either an FLD port (“0”) or a digit port (“1”). When the pins are set for the digit port, the digit pulse output function is enabled, so that the digit pulses can always be output regardless the value of FLD automatic display RAM. Setting the automatic display control bit (bit 0 of address 0EF416) to “1” can set these ports to the FLD exclusive use port. The individual bits of the FLD/Port switch register (addresses 0EF916 to 0EFB 16) can set each pin to either an FLD port (“1”) or a general-purpose port (“0”). The individual bits of the port P6 FLD/Port switch register (address 0EFB16 ) can set each pin to either FLD port (“1”) or general-purpose port (“0”). A variety of output pulses can be available by setting of the FLD output control register (address 0EFC 16 ). The port output structure is the CMOS output. When using the port as a display pin, a driver IC must be installed externally. P1, P3 P4, P5, P60 to P63 P64 to P67 FLD16 to FLD31 FLD32 to FLD51 FLD52 to FLD55 Setting example 1 This is a register setup example where only FLD output is used. In this case, the digit display output pattern must be set in the FLD automatic display RAM in advance. Number of segments Number of digits Setting example 2 This is a register setup example where both FLD output and digit waveform output are used. In this case, because the digit display output is automatically generated, there is no need to set the display pattern in the FLD automatic display RAM. Number of segments Number of digits 36 16 The contents of digit output set switch registers (0EF216, 0EF316) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 12 The contents of digit output set switch registers (0EF216, 0EF316) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Port P2 FLD0 (DIG output) FLD1 (DIG output) FLD2 (DIG output) FLD3 (DIG output) FLD4 (DIG output) FLD5 (DIG output) FLD6 (DIG output) FLD7 (DIG output) FLD8 (DIG output) FLD9 (DIG output) FLD10 (DIG output) FLD11 (DIG output) FLD12 (DIG output) FLD13 (DIG output) FLD14 (DIG output) FLD15 (DIG output) FLD16 (SEG output) FLD17 (SEG output) FLD18 (SEG output) FLD19 (SEG output) FLD20 (SEG output) FLD21 (SEG output) FLD22 (SEG output) FLD23 (SEG output) FLD24 (SEG output) FLD25 (SEG output) FLD26 (SEG output) FLD27 (SEG output) FLD28 (SEG output) FLD29 (SEG output) FLD30 (SEG output) FLD31 (SEG output) Port P2 FLD/Port switch registers (0EF916 to 0EFB16) FLD0 (DIG output) FLD1 (DIG output) FLD2 (DIG output) FLD3 (DIG output) FLD4 (DIG output) FLD5 (DIG output) FLD6 (DIG output) FLD7 (DIG output) FLD8 (DIG output) FLD9 (DIG output) FLD10 (DIG output) FLD11 (DIG output) FLD12 (SEG output) FLD13 (SEG output) FLD14 (SEG output) FLD15 (SEG output) FLD16 (SEG output) FLD17 (SEG output) FLD18 (SEG output) FLD19 (SEG output) FLD20 (SEG output) FLD21 (SEG output) FLD22 (SEG output) FLD23 (SEG output) FLD24 (SEG output) FLD25 (SEG output) FLD26 (SEG output) FLD27 (SEG output) FLD28 (SEG output) FLD29 (SEG output) FLD30 (SEG output) FLD31 (SEG output) FLD/Port switch registers (0EF916 to 0EFB16) Port P0 Port P4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 FLD32 (SEG output) FLD33 (SEG output) FLD34 (SEG output) FLD35 (SEG output) FLD36 (SEG output) FLD37 (SEG output) FLD38 (SEG output) FLD39(SEG output) Port P0 Port P4 1 1 1 1 1 FLD32 (SEG output) FLD33 (SEG output) FLD34 (SEG output) FLD35 (SEG output) FLD36 (SEG output) 1 FLD37 (SEG output) 1 FLD38 (SEG output) 1 FLD39 (SEG output) 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FLD40 (SEG output) FLD41 (SEG output) FLD42 (SEG output) FLD43 (SEG output) FLD44 (port output) FLD45 (port output) FLD46 (port output) FLD47 (port output) FLD48 (port output) FLD49 (port output) FLD50 (port output) FLD51 (port output) FLD52 (port output) Port P1 Port P5 1 FLD40 (SEG output) 1 FLD41 (SEG output) 1 FLD42 (SEG output) 1 FLD43 (SEG output) 1 FLD44 (SEG output) 1 FLD45 (SEG output) 1 FLD46 (SEG output) 1 FLD47 (SEG output) 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 FLD48 (SEG output) FLD49 (SEG output) FLD50 (SEG output) FLD51 (SEG output) FLD52 (port output) FLD53 (port output) FLD54 (port output) FLD55 (port output) Port P1 Port P5 Port P3 Port P6 Port P3 Port P6 FLD53 (port output) FLD54 (port output) 0 FLD55 (port output) DIG output : This output is connected to digit of the FLD. SEG output : This output is connected to segment of the FLD. Port output : This output is general-purpose port (used by program). DIG output : This output is connected to digit of the FLD. SEG output : This output is connected to segment of the FLD. Port output : This output is general-purpose port (used by program). Fig. 49 Segment/Digit setting example 1-50 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FLD Automatic Display RAM The FLD automatic display RAM uses the 224 bytes of addresses 0E0016 to 0EDF16. For FLD, the 3 modes of 16-timing•ordinary mode, 16-timing•gradation display mode and 32-timing mode are available depending on the number of timings and the use/not use of gradation display. The automatic display RAM in each mode is as follows: (3) 32-timing mode This mode is used when the display timing is 16 or greater. This mode can be used for up to 32-timing. The 224 bytes of addresses 0E0016 t o 0EDF 16 a re used as an FLD display data store area. The FLD data pointer (address 0EF816 ) is a register to count display timings. This pointer has a reload register. When the pointer underflow occurs, it starts counting over again after being reloaded with the initial value in the reload register. Make sure that (the timing counts – 1) is set to the FLD data pointer. When writing data to this address, the data is written to the FLD data pointer reload register; when reading data from this address, the value in the FLD data pointer is read. (1) 16-timing•ordinary mode This mode is used when the display timing is 16 or less. The 112 bytes of addresses 0E7016 to 0EDF 16 are used as a FLD display data store area. Because addresses 0E0016 to 0E6F 16 are not used as the automatic display RAM, they can be the ordinary RAM. (2) 16-timing•gradation display mode This mode is used when the display timing is 16 or less, in which mode each segment can be set for dark or bright display. The 224 bytes of addresses 0E0016 to 0EDF 16 are used. The 112 bytes of addresses 0E70 16 to 0EDF16 are used as an FLD display data store area, while the 112 bytes of addresses 0E0016 to 0E6F16 are used as a gradation display control data store area. 16-timing•ordinary mode 0E0016 Not used 16-timing•gradation display mode 0E0016 Gradation display control data stored area 32-timing mode 0E0016 0E7016 1 to 16 timing display data stored area 0E7016 1 to 16 timing display data stored area 1 to 32 timing display data stored area 0EDF16 0EDF16 0EDF16 Fig. 50 FLD automatic display RAM assignment 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-51 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Data Setup (1) 16-timing•ordinary mode The area of addresses 0E7016 to 0EDF16 are used as a FLD automatic display RAM. When data is stored in the FLD automatic display RAM, the last data of FLD port P6 is stored at address 0E7016 , the last data of FLD port P5 is stored at address 0E8016 , the last data of FLD port P4 is stored at address 0E9016, the last data of FLD port P3 is stored at address 0EA016, the last data of FLD port P1 is stored at address 0EB016, the last data of FLD port P0 is stored at address 0EC016, and the last data of FLD port P2 is stored at address 0ED016, to assign in sequence from the last data respectively. The first data of the FLD port P6, P5, P4, P3, P1, P0, and P2 is stored at an address which adds the value of (the timing number – 1) to the corresponding addresses 0E70 16, 0E80 16, 0E9016 , 0EA016, 0EB016 , 0EC016 and 0ED016 . Set the FLD data pointer reload register to the value given by (the timing number – 1). (2) 16-timing•gradation display mode Display data setting is performed in the same way as that of the 16-timing • ordinary mode. Gradation display control data is arranged at an address resulting from subtracting 007016 from the display data store address of each timing and pin. Bright display is performed by setting “0”, and dark display is performed by setting “1” . (3) 32-timing Mode The area of addresses 0E0016 to 0EDF 16 is used as a FLD automatic display RAM. When data is stored in the FLD automatic display RAM, the last data of FLD port P6 is stored at address 0E0016 , the last data of FLD port P5 is stored at address 0E2016 , the last data of FLD port P4 is stored at address 0E4016, the last data of FLD port P3 is stored at address 0E6016 , the last data of FLD port P1 is stored at address 0E8016 , the last data of FLD port P0 is stored at address 0EA016, and the last data of FLD port P2 is stored at address 0EC016 , to assign in sequence from the last data respectively. The first data of the FLD port P6, P5, P4, P3, P1, P0, and P2 is stored at an address which adds the value of (the timing number – 1) to the corresponding addresses 0E00 16, 0E2016 , 0E4016, 0E6016, 0E8016 , 0EA016 and 0EC016 . Set the FLD data pointer reload register to the value given by (the timing number – 1). Number of timing: 8 (FLD data pointer reload register = 7) B it Address 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Bit Address 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0E7016 0E7116 0E7216 0E7316 0E7416 0E7516 0E7616 0E7716 0E7816 0E7916 0E7A16 0E7B16 0E7C16 0E7D16 0E7E16 0E7F16 0E8016 0E8116 0E8216 0E8316 0E8416 0E8516 0E8616 0E8716 0E8816 0E8916 0E8A16 0E8B16 0E8C16 0E8D16 0E8E16 0E8F16 0E9016 0E9116 0E9216 0E9316 0E9416 0E9516 0E9616 0E9716 0E9816 0E9916 0E9A16 0E9B16 0E9C16 0E9D16 0E9E16 0E9F16 0EA016 0EA116 0EA216 0EA316 0EA416 0EA516 0EA616 0EA716 0EA816 0EA916 0EAA16 0EAB16 0EAC16 0EAD16 0EAE16 0EAF16 The last timing (The last data of FLDP6) Timing for start (The first data of FLDP6) FLDP6 data area The last timing (The last data of FLDP5) Timing for start (The first data of FLDP5) FLDP5 data area The last timing (The last data of FLDP4) Timing for start (The first data of FLDP4) FLDP4 data area 0EB016 0EB116 0EB216 0EB316 0EB416 0EB516 0EB616 0EB716 0EB816 0EB916 0EBA16 0EBB16 0EBC16 0EBD16 0EBE16 0EBF16 0EC016 0EC116 0EC216 0EC316 0EC416 0EC516 0EC616 0EC716 0EC816 0EC916 0ECA16 0ECB16 0ECC16 0ECD16 0ECE16 0ECF16 0ED016 0ED116 0ED216 0ED316 0ED416 0ED516 0ED616 0ED716 0ED816 0ED916 0EDA16 0EDB16 0EDC16 0EDD16 0EDE16 0EDF16 The last timing (The last data of FLDP1) Timing for start (The first data of FLDP1) FLDP1 data area The last timing (The last data of FLDP0) Timing for start (The first data of FLDP0) FLDP0 data area The last timing (The last data of FLDP2) Timing for start (The first data of FLDP2) FLDP2 data area The last timing (The last data of FLDP3) Timing for start (The first data of FLDP3) FLDP3 data area Fig. 51 Example of using FLD automatic display RAM in 16-timing•ordinary mode 1-52 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Number of timing: 15 (FLD data pointer reload register = 14) B it Address 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Bit Address 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0E7016 0E7116 0E7216 0E7316 0E7416 0E7516 0E7616 0E7716 0E7816 0E7916 0E7A16 0E7B16 0E7C16 0E7D16 0E7E16 0E7F16 0E8016 0E8116 0E8216 0E8316 0E8416 0E8516 0E8616 0E8716 0E8816 0E8916 0E8A16 0E8B16 0E8C16 0E8D16 0E8E16 0E8F16 0E9016 0E9116 0E9216 0E9316 0E9416 0E9516 0E9616 0E9716 0E9816 0E9916 0E9A16 0E9B16 0E9C16 0E9D16 0E9E16 0E9F16 0EA016 0EA116 0EA216 0EA316 0EA416 0EA516 0EA616 0EA716 0EA816 0EA916 0EAA16 0EAB16 0EAC16 0EAD16 0EAE16 0EAF16 0EB016 0EB116 0EB216 0EB316 0EB416 0EB516 0EB616 0EB716 0EB816 0EB916 0EBA16 0EBB16 0EBC16 0EBD16 0EBE16 0EBF16 0EC016 0EC116 0EC216 0EC316 0EC416 0EC516 0EC616 0EC716 0EC816 0EC916 0ECA16 0ECB16 0ECC16 0ECD16 0ECE16 0ECF16 0ED016 0ED116 0ED216 0ED316 0ED416 0ED516 0ED616 0ED716 0ED816 0ED916 0EDA16 0EDB16 0EDC16 0EDD16 0EDE16 0EDF16 The last timing (The last data of FLDP6) FLDP6 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP6) The last timing (The last data of FLDP5) FLDP5 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP5) The last timing (The last data of FLDP4) FLDP4 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP4) The last timing (The last data of FLDP3) FLDP3 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP3) The last timing (The last data of FLDP1) FLDP1 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP1) The last timing (The last data of FLDP0) FLDP0 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP0) The last timing (The last data of FLDP2) FLDP2 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP2) 0E0016 0E0116 0E0216 0E0316 0E0416 0E0516 0E0616 0E0716 0E0816 0E0916 0E0A16 0E0B16 0E0C16 0E0D16 0E0E16 0E0F16 0E1016 0E1116 0E1216 0E1316 0E1416 0E1516 0E1616 0E1716 0E1816 0E1916 0E1A16 0E1B16 0E1C16 0E1D16 0E1E16 0E1F16 0E2016 0E2116 0E2216 0E2316 0E2416 0E2516 0E2616 0E2716 0E2816 0E2916 0E2A16 0E2B16 0E2C16 0E2D16 0E2E16 0E2F16 0E3016 0E3116 0E3216 0E3316 0E3416 0E3516 0E3616 0E3716 0E3816 0E3916 0E3A16 0E3B16 0E3C16 0E3D16 0E3E16 0E3F16 0E4016 0E4116 0E4216 0E4316 0E4416 0E4516 0E4616 0E4716 0E4816 0E4916 0E4A16 0E4B16 0E4C16 0E4D16 0E4E16 0E4F16 0E5016 0E5116 0E5216 0E5316 0E5416 0E5516 0E5616 0E5716 0E5816 0E5916 0E5A16 0E5B16 0E5C16 0E5D16 0E5E16 0E5F16 0E6016 0E6116 0E6216 0E6316 0E6416 0E6516 0E6616 0E6716 0E6816 0E6916 0E6A16 0E6B16 0E6C16 0E6D16 0E6E16 0E6F16 The last timing (The last data of FLDP6) FLDP6 gradation display data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP6) The last timing (The last data of FLDP5) FLDP5 gradation display data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP5) The last timing (The last data of FLDP4) FLDP4 gradation display data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP4) The last timing (The last data of FLDP3) FLDP3 gradation display data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP3) The last timing (The last data of FLDP1) FLDP1 gradation display data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP1) The last timing (The last data of FLDP0) FLDP0 gradation display data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP0) The last timing (The last data of FLDP2) FLDP2 gradation display data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP2) Fig. 52 Example of using FLD automatic display RAM in 16-timing•gradation display mode 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-53 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Number of timing: 20 (FLD data pointer reload register = 19) B it Address B it Address 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0E7016 0E7116 0E7216 0E7316 0E7416 0E7516 0E7616 0E7716 0E7816 0E7916 0E7A16 0E7B16 0E7C16 0E7D16 0E7E16 0E7F16 0E8016 0E8116 0E8216 0E8316 0E8416 0E8516 0E8616 0E8716 0E8816 0E8916 0E8A16 0E8B16 0E8C16 0E8D16 0E8E16 0E8F16 0E9016 0E9116 0E9216 0E9316 0E9416 0E9516 0E9616 0E9716 0E9816 0E9916 0E9A16 0E9B16 0E9C16 0E9D16 0E9E16 0E9F16 0EA016 0EA116 0EA216 0EA316 0EA416 0EA516 0EA616 0EA716 0EA816 0EA916 0EAA16 0EAB16 0EAC16 0EAD16 0EAE16 0EAF16 0EB016 0EB116 0EB216 0EB316 0EB416 0EB516 0EB616 0EB716 0EB816 0EB916 0EBA16 0EBB16 0EBC16 0EBD16 0EBE16 0EBF16 0EC016 0EC116 0EC216 0EC316 0EC416 0EC516 0EC616 0EC716 0EC816 0EC916 0ECA16 0ECB16 0ECC16 0ECD16 0ECE16 0ECF16 0ED016 0ED116 0ED216 0ED316 0ED416 0ED516 0ED616 0ED716 0ED816 0ED916 0EDA16 0EDB16 0EDC16 0EDD16 0EDE16 0EDF16 Timing for start (The first data of FLDP3) The last timing (The last data of FLDP1) FLDP1 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP1) The last timing (The last data of FLDP0) FLDP0 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP0) The last timing (The last data of FLDP2) FLDP2 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP2) 0E0016 0E0116 0E0216 0E0316 0E0416 0E0516 0E0616 0E0716 0E0816 0E0916 0E0A16 0E0B16 0E0C16 0E0D16 0E0E16 0E0F16 0E1016 0E1116 0E1216 0E1316 0E1416 0E1516 0E1616 0E1716 0E1816 0E1916 0E1A16 0E1B16 0E1C16 0E1D16 0E1E16 0E1F16 0E2016 0E2116 0E2216 0E2316 0E2416 0E2516 0E2616 0E2716 0E2816 0E2916 0E2A16 0E2B16 0E2C16 0E2D16 0E2E16 0E2F16 0E3016 0E3116 0E3216 0E3316 0E3416 0E3516 0E3616 0E3716 0E3816 0E3916 0E3A16 0E3B16 0E3C16 0E3D16 0E3E16 0E3F16 0E4016 0E4116 0E4216 0E4316 0E4416 0E4516 0E4616 0E4716 0E4816 0E4916 0E4A16 0E4B16 0E4C16 0E4D16 0E4E16 0E4F16 0E5016 0E5116 0E5216 0E5316 0E5416 0E5516 0E5616 0E5716 0E5816 0E5916 0E5A16 0E5B16 0E5C16 0E5D16 0E5E16 0E5F16 0E6016 0E6116 0E6216 0E6316 0E6416 0E6516 0E6616 0E6716 0E6816 0E6916 0E6A16 0E6B16 0E6C16 0E6D16 0E6E16 0E6F16 The last timing (The last data of FLDP6) FLDP6 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP6) The last timing (The last data of FLDP5) FLDP5 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP5) The last timing (The last data of FLDP4) FLDP4 data area Timing for start (The first data of FLDP4) The last timing (The last data of FLDP3) FLDP3 data area Fig. 53 Example of using FLD automatic display RAM in 32-timing mode 1-54 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Timing Setting Each timing is set by the FLDC mode register, Tdisp time set register, Toff1 time set register, and Toff2 time set register. (3) Toff2 time setting The Toff2 time is time for dark display. For bright display, the FLD display output remains effective until the counter that is counting Tdisp underflows. For dark display, however, “L” (or “off ”) signal is output when the counter that is counting Toff2 underflows. This Toff2 time setting is valid only for FLD ports which are in the gradation display mode and whose gradation display control RAM value is “1” . Set the Toff2 time by the Toff2 time set register. Make sure the value set to Toff2 is smaller than Tdisp but larger than Toff1. Supposing that the value of the Toff2 time set register is n2, the Toff2 time is represented as Toff2 = n2 ✕ t . When the Tdisp counter count source selection bit of the FLDC mode register is “0” and the value of the Toff2 time set register is 180 (B4 16), Toff2 = 180 ✕ 4.0 µs (at X IN = 4 MHz) = 720 µs. When bit 7 of the FLD output control register (address 0EFC16 ) is set to “1”, be sure to set the value of 03 16 or more to the Toff2 time set register (address 0EF716 ). (1) Tdisp time setting The Tdisp time means the length of display timing. In non-gradation display mode, it consists of the FLD display output term and the Toff1 time. In gradation display mode, it consists of the display output term and the Toff1 time plus a low signal output term for dark display. Set the Tdisp time by the Tdisp counter count source selection bit of the FLDC mode register and the Tdisp time set register. Supposing that the value of the Tdisp time set register is n, the Tdisp time is represented as Tdisp = (n+1) ✕ t ( t: count source). When the Tdisp counter count source selection bit of the FLDC mode register is “0” and the value of the Tdisp time set register is 200 (C816 ), the Tdisp time is: Tdisp = (200 + 1) ✕ 4.0 µ s (at XIN = 4 MHz) = 804 µs. When reading the Tdisp time set register, the counting value is read out. (2) Toff1 time setting The Toff1 time means a non-output (low signal output) time to prevent blurring of FLD and for dimmer display. Use the Toff1 time set register to set this Toff1 time. Make sure the value set to Toff1 is smaller than Tdisp and Toff2. Supposing that the value of the Toff1 time set register is n1, the Toff1 time is represented as Toff1 = n1 ✕ t. When the Tdisp counter count source selection bit of the FLDC mode register is “0” and the value of the Toff1 time set register is 30 (1E16 ), Toff1 = 30 ✕ 4.0 µs (at X IN = 4 MHz) = 120 µs. Be sure to set the value of 0316 or more to the Toff1 time set register (address 0EF616). Low output term for blurring prevention Display output term •Gradation display mode is not selected (Address 0EF416 bit 5 = “0”) •Gradation display mode is selected and set for bright display (Address 0EF416 bit 5 = “1” and the corresponding gradation display control data = “0”) Toff1 Tdisp Low output term for blurring prevention Display output term Low output term for dark display •Gradation display mode is selected and set for dark display (Address 0EF416 bit 5 = “1” and the corresponding gradation display control data = “1”) Toff1 Toff2 Tdisp Fig. 54 FLD and digit output timing 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-55 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FLD Automatic Display Start Automatic display starts by setting both the automatic display control bit (bit 0 of address 0EF416 ) and the display start bit (bit 1 of address 0EF416) to “1”. The RAM contents at a location apart from the start address of the automatic display RAM for each port by (FLD data pointer (address 0EF816) – 1) are output to each port. The FLD data pointer (address 0EF816 ) counts down in the Tdisp interval. When the count results in “FF 16”, the pointer is reloaded and starts counting over again. Before setting the display start bit (bit 1 of address 0EF416 ) to “1”, be sure to set the FLD/port switch registers, digit output set switch registers, FLDC mode register, Tdisp time set register, Toff1 time set register, Toff2 time set register, and FLD data pointer. During FLD automatic display, the display star t bit always keeps “1”, and FLD automatic display can be interrupted by writing “0” to this bit. Key-scan and Interrupt Either the FLD digit interrupt or FLD blanking interrupt can be selected using the Tscan control bits (bits 2, 3 of address 0EF416 ). The FLD digit interrupt is generated when the Toff1 time in each timing expires (at rising edge of digit output). Key scanning that makes use of FLD digits can be achieved using each FLD digit interrupt. To use FLD digit interrupts for key scanning, follow the procedure described below: (1) Read the port value each time the interrupt occurs. (2) The key is fixed on the last digit interrupt. The output digit positions can be determined by reading the FLD data pointer (address 0EF816). Repeat cycle Tdisp Toff1 Tn FLD digit output Tn-1 Tn-2 T4 T3 T2 T1 Tn Tn-1 Tn-2 T4 FLD digit interrupt generated at the rising edge of digit (each timing) Fig. 55 Timing using digit interrupt 1-56 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The FLD blanking interrupt is generated when the FLD data pointer (address 0EF816 ) reaches “FF 16”. The FLD automatic display output is turned off for a duration of 1 ✕ Tdisp, 2 ✕ Tdisp, or 3 ✕ Tdisp depending on post-interrupt settings. During this time, key scanning that makes use of FLD segments can be achieved. When the key scanning is performed with the segment during key-scan blanking time Tscan, follow the procedure described below: (1) Write “0” to the automatic display control bit (bit 0 of address 0EF416 ). (2) Set the port corresponding to the segment for key scanning to the output port. (3) Perform key scanning. (4) Write “1” to the automatic display control bit. s Note When performing a key-scan according to the above steps 1 to 4, take the following points into consideration. 1. Do not set the display start bit (bit 1 of address 0EF416) to “0”. 2. Do not set “1” in the ports corresponding to digits. Repeat cycle Tdisp Tn FLD digit output Segment setting by software FLD blanking interrupt generated at the falling of edge of the last timing Tn-1 Tn-2 T4 T3 T2 T1 Tscan Tn Tn-1 Tn-2 Fig. 56 Timing using FLD blanking interrupt 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-57 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION P64 to P67 Expansion Function Ports P6 4 to P6 7 are CMOS output structure. FLD digit outputs can be increased as many as 16 lines by connecting a decoder converting 4-bit to 16-bit data to these ports. P64 to P6 7 have the function to allow for connection to a decoder converting 4-bit to 16-bit data. (3) P64 to P67 FLD output reverse function P64 to P67 have the function to reverse the polarity of the FLD output. This function is useful in adjusting the polarity when using an externally installed driver. The output polarity can be reversed by setting the P64 to P6 7 output reverse bit of the FLD output control register (bit 0 of address 0EFC16 ) to “1”. (1) P64 to P67 Toff invalid function This function disables the Toff1 time and Toff2 time and outputs display data for the duration of Tdisp. (See Figure 57.) This can be achieved by setting the P64 to P6 7 Toff invalid bit (bit 2 of address 0EFC16 ) to “1”. s Note In the case of gradation display mode and dark display, P64 to P6 7 Toff invalid function is disabled. (2) Dimmer signal output function This function allows a dimmer signal creation signal to be output from DIMOUT (P73). The dimmer function can be achieved by controlling the decoder with this signal. (See Figure 57.) This function can be set by setting P73 dimmer output control bit (bit 4 of address 0EFC16 ) to “1”. Unlike the Toff section generating/nothing function, this function disables all display data. •Gradation display mode is not selected •Gradation display mode is selected and set for bright display (gradation display control data = “0”) FLD output •Gradation display mode is selected and set for dark display (gradation display control data = “1”) •Gradation display mode is selected and Toff2 SET/RESET switch bit is “1” (gradation display control data = “1”) Toff1 Toff2 Tdisp Output selecting P64 to P67 Toff invalid For dimmer signal DIMOUT (P73) Fig. 57 P64 to P67 FLD output pulses 1-58 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Toff Section Generate/Nothing Function The function is for reduction of useless noises which generated as every switching of ports, because of the combined capacity of among FLD ports. When the continuous data is output to each FLD port, the Toff1 section of the continuous par ts is not generated. (See Figure 58) If it needs Toff1 section on FLD pulses, set the generating /not of CMOS port Toff section selection bit (bit 5 of address 0EFC 16 ) to “1” and set the generating /not of high-breakdown-voltage port Toff section selection bit to “1”. High-breakdown-voltage ports (P2, P0, P1, P3, P4, P5, P63 t o P60 , total 52 pins) generate Toff1 section by setting the generating /not of high-breakdown-voltage port Toff section selection bit to “1”. The CMOS ports (P64 to P67, total 4 pins ) generate Toff1 section by setting the generating /not of CMOS port Toff section selection bit to “1”. Tdisp Toff1 “H” output P1X Output waveform when generating/not of high-breakdown voltage port Toff section selection P2X bit (bit 6 of address 0EFC16) is “1”. “H” output “H” output “L” output “H” output “L” output “H” output “H” output “H” output P1X Output waveform when generating/not of high-breakdown voltage port Toff section selection bit (bit 6 of address 0EFC16) is “0”. P2X “L” output “H” output “H” output Section of Toff1 is not generated because of output is the same. “H” output “H” output “L” output “H” output Section of Toff1 is not generated because of output is the same. Fig. 58 Toff section generating/nothing function Toff2 SET/RESET Switch Function In gradation display mode, the values set by the Toff2 time set register (TOFF2) are effective. When the Toff2 SET/RESET switch bit of FLD output control register (bit 7 of address 0EFC 16) is “ 0 ” , RAM data is output to the FLD output ports (SET) at the time that is set by TOFF1 and it is turned to “0” (RESET) at the time that is set by TOFF2. When Toff2 SET/RESET switch bit is “ 1 ” , RAM data is output (SET) at the time that is set by TOFF2 and it is turned to “0” (RESET) when the Tdisp time expires. s Note In the case of gradation display mode and dark display, the Toff section generate/nothing function is disabled. 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-59 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Digit Pulses Output Function P00 to P07 and P20 to P27 can output digit pulses by using the digit output set switch registers. Set the digit output set switch registers by setting as many consecutive 1s as the timing count from P20. The contents of FLD automatic display RAM for the ports that have been selected for digit output are disabled, and the pulse shown in Figure 59 is output automatically. The output timing consists of Tdisp time and Toff1 time, and Toff2 time does not exist. Because the contents of FLD automatic display RAM are disabled, the segment data can be changed easily even when segment data and digit data coexist at the same address in the FLD automatic display RAM. This function is effective in 16-timing•ordinary mode and 16-timing gradation display mode. If a value is set exceeding the timing count (FLD data pointer reload register’s set value + 1) for any port, the output of such port is “L”. Tdisp Toff1 P 07 P 06 P 05 P 04 P 03 P 02 P 01 P 00 P27 P 26 P 25 P 24 P23 P22 P 21 P 20 Low-order 4bits of the data pointer F E D C B A 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Fig. 59 Digit pulses output function 1-60 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION A-D CONVERTER The 38B7 group has a 10-bit A-D converter. The A-D converter performs successive approximation conversion. Note that the comparator is constructed linked to a capacitor, so that set f(XIN) to at least 250 kHz during A-D conversion. Additionally, bit 7 of the CPU mode register (address 003B16 ) must be set to “0”. [A-D Conversion Register] ADH, ADL One of these registers is a high-order register, and the other is a low-order register. The high-order 8 bits of a conversion result is stored in the A-D conversion register (high-order) (address 0034 16), and the low-order 2 bits of the same result are stored in bit 7 and bit 6 of the A-D conversion register (low-order) (address 003316 ). During A-D conversion, do not read these registers. b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 AD/DA control register (ADCON: address 003216) Analoginput pin selection bits b3b2b1b0 [AD/DA Control Register] ADCON This register controls A-D converter. Bits 3 to 0 are analog input pin selection bits. Bit 4 is an AD conversion completion bit and “0” during A-D conversion. This bit is set to “1” upon completion of AD conversion. A-D conversion is started by writing “0” in this bit. [Comparison Voltage Generator] The comparison voltage generator divides the voltage between AVss and VREF by 1024, and outputs the divided voltages. [Channel Selector] The channel selector selects one of the input ports PA7/AN7 –PA0 / AN0 , and P9 7/B UZ02/AN15 t o P90 /SIN3/AN8 a nd inputs it to the comparator. 0 0 0 0 : PA0/AN0 0 0 0 1 : PA1/AN1 0 0 1 0 : PA2/AN2 0 0 1 1 : PA3/AN3 0 1 0 0 : PA4/AN4 0 1 0 1 : PA5/AN5 0 1 1 0 : PA6/AN6 0 1 1 1 : PA7/AN7 1 0 0 0 : P90/SIN3/AN8 1 0 0 1 : P91/SOUT3/AN9 1 0 1 0 : P92/SCLK3/AN10 1 0 1 1 : P93/SRDY3/AN11 1 1 0 0 : P94/RTP1/AN12 1 1 0 1 : P95/RTP0/AN13 1 1 1 0 : P96/PWM0/AN14 1 1 1 1 : P97/BUZ02/AN15 AD conversion completion bit 0 : Conversion in progress 1 : Conversion completed Not used (returns “0” when read) DA output enable bit 0 : DA output disabled 1 : DA output enabled Not used (returns “0” when read) AD conversion register (high-order) (ADH: address 003416) AD conversion register (low-order) (ADL: address 003316) b7 b0 [Comparator and Control Circuit] The comparator and control circuit compares an analog inputvoltage with the comparison voltage and stores the result in the A-D conversion register. When an A-D conversion is completed, the control circuit sets the AD conversion completion bit and the AD conversion interrupt request bit to “1”. b9 b8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b7 b1 b0 b0 Note: When reading the low-order 6 bits at address 003316, “0” is read out. Fig. 60 Structure of AD/DA control register Data bus b7 b0 AD/DA control register 4 PA0/AN0 PA1/AN1 PA2/AN2 PA3/AN3 PA4/AN4 PA5/AN5 PA6/AN6 PA7/AN7 P90/SIN3/AN8 P91/SOUT3/AN9 P92/SCLK3/AN10 P93/SRDY3/AN11 P94/RTP1/AN12 P95/RTP0/AN13 P96/PWM0/AN14 P97/BUZ02/AN15 Fig. 61 Block diagram of A-D converter A-D control circuit A-D interrupt request Comparator A-D conversion register (H) A-D conversion register (L) Channel selector (Address 003416) (Address 003316) Resistor ladder AVSS VREF 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-61 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION D-A CONVERTER The 38B7 group has one internal D-A converter with 8-bit resolution. The D-A conversion is performed by setting the value in the D-A conversion register. The result of D-A conversion is output from the DA pin by setting the DA output enable bit to “1”. When using the D-A converter, the PB0/DA port direction register bit must be set to “0” (input status). The output analog voltage V is determined by the value n (decimal notation) in the D-A conversion register as follows: V = VREF ✕ n/256 (n = 0 to 255) Where V REF is the reference voltage. At reset, the D-A conversion register is cleared to “0016”, and the DA output enable bit is cleared to “0”, and PB0/DA pin becomes high impedance. The DA output does not have buffers. Accordingly, connect an external buffer when driving a low-impedance load. Set VCC to 3.0 V or more when using the D-A converter. Fig. 62 Block diagram of D-A converter Data bus D-A conversion register (8) DA output enable bit PB0/DA R-2R resistor ladder “0” DA output enable bit R PB0/DA “1” MSB D-A conversion register “0” “1” 2R R R R R R R 2R 2R 2R 2R 2R 2R 2R 2R LSB AVSS VREF Fig. 63 Equivalent connection circuit of D-A converter 1-62 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) The 38B7 group has a PWM function with a 14-bit resolution. When the oscillation frequency XIN is 4 MHz, the minimum resolution bit width is 250 ns and the cycle period is 4096 µ s. The PWM timing generator supplies a PWM control signal based on a signal that is the frequency of the XIN clock. The explanation in the rest assumes XIN = 4 MHz. Data bus It is set to “1” when write. PWM register (low-order) (address 003616) bit7 bit5 bit0 bit7 bit0 PWM register (high-order) (address 003516) PWM latch (14-bit) MSB LSB 14 P96 latch P96/PWM0 PWM P96/PWM output selection bit P96/PWM output selection bit P96 direction register 14-bit PWM circuit When the internal XCIN 1/2 system clock selection bit is set (64 µs cycle) Timing “1” to “0” generating XI N unit for PWM (4096 µs cycle) (4MHz) “0” Fig. 64 PWM block diagram 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-63 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Data Setup The PWM output pin also function as port P96. Set port P96 to be the PWM output pin by setting bit 0 of the PWM control register (address 002616) to “1”. The high-order 8 bits of output data are set in the high-order PWM register PWMH (address 003516 ) and the low-order 6 bits are set in the low-order PWM register PWML (address 003616 ). Transfer From Register to Latch Data written to the PWML register is transferred to the PWM latch once in each PWM period (every 4096 µs), and data written to the PWMH register is transferred to the PWM latch once in each subperiod (every 64 µ s). Pulses output from the PWM output pin correspond to this latch contents. When the PWML register is read, the contents of the latch are read. However, bit 7 of the PWML register indicates whether the transfer to the PWM latch is completed: the transfer is completed when bit 7 is “0”, it is not done when bit 7 is “1”. Table 11 Relationship between low-order 6-bit data and setting period of ADD bit Low-order Sub-periods tm lengthened (m = 0 to 63) 6-bit data LSB PWM Operation The timing of the 14-bit PWM function is shown in Figure 65. The 14-bit PWM data is divided into the low-order 6 bits and the high-order 8 bits in the PWM latch. The high-order 8 bits of data determine how long an “H” level signal is output during each sub-period. There are 64 sub-periods in each period, and each sub-period t is 256 ✕ τ (= 64 µ s) long. The signal’s “H” has a length equal to N times τ, and its minimum resolution = 250 ns. The last bit of the sub-period becomes the ADD bit which is specified either “H” or “L,” by the contents of PWML. As shown in Table 11, the ADD bit is decided either “H” or “L.” That is, only in the sub-period tm shown in Table 11 in the PWM cycle period T = 64 t, the “H” duration is lengthened during the minimum resolution width τ period in comparison with the other period. For example, if the high-order eight bits of the 14-bit data are “0316 ” and the low-order six bits are “0516 ,” the length of the “H” level output in sub-periods t8, t24, t32, t40 and t56 is 4 τ, and its length 3 τ in all other sub-periods. Time at the “H” level of each sub-period almost becomes equal because the time becomes length set in the high-order 8 bits or becomes the value plus t, and this sub-period t (= 64 µs, approximate 15.6 kHz) becomes cycle period approximately. 000000 000001 000010 000100 001000 010000 100000 None m = 32 m = 16, 48 m = 8, 24, 40, 56 m = 4, 12, 20, 28, 36, 44, 52, 60 m = 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30, 34, 38, 42, 46, 50, 54, 58, 62 m = 1, 3, 5, 7, .................................................., 57, 59, 61, 63 4096 µs 64 µs m=0 64 µs m=7 64 µs m=8 64 µs m=9 64 µs m = 63 15.75 µs 15.75 µs 15.75 µs 16.0 µs 15.75 µs 15.75 µs 15.75 µs Pulse width modulation register H: 00111111 Pulse width modulation register L: 000101 Sub-periods where “H” pulse width is 16.0 µs: m = 8, 24, 32, 40, 56 Sub-periods where “H” pulse width is 15.75 µs: m = all other values Fig. 65 PWM timing 1-64 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION b7 b0 PWM control register (PWMCON: address 002616) P96/PWM0 output selection bit 0: I/O port 1: PWM0 output Not used (return “0” when read) Fig. 66 Structure of PWM control register Data 6A16 stored at address 003516 PWM register (high-order) 5916 6A16 Bit 7 cleared after transfer 2416 Transfer from register to latch PWM latch (14-bit) 165316 1A9316 1AA416 T = 4096 µs (64 ✕ 64 µs) t = 64 µs 1AA416 B516 1EE416 Data 7B16 stored at address 003516 7B16 Data 3516 stored at address 003616 3516 Transfer from register to latch 1EF516 Data 2416 stored at address 003616 PWM register (low-order) 1316 A416 When bit 7 of PWML is “0,” transfer from register to latch is disabled. (Example 1) PWM output 1 Low-order 6-bits output H = 6A16 L = 2416 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6B 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 5 5 5 5 5 2 5 5 5 106 ✕ 64 5 36 5 5 5 5 5 6B16............36 times (107) 6A16............28 times (106) (Example 2) PWM output 6A 6A 6A 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6A 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6A 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6B 6A 6A Low-order 6 bits output H = 6A16 L = 1816 4 3 4 4 6A16............40 times 3 4 106 ✕ 64 24 4 3 4 6B16............24 times t = 64 µs (256 ✕ 0.25 µs) Minimum bit width τ = 0.25 µs 6A 69 68 67 ……… 02 01 ADD FF FE FD FC ……… 97 96 95 ……… 02 01 00 FF FE FD FC ……… 97 96 95 ……… 6A 69 68 67 ……… 02 01 PWM output 2 6B ADD 8-bit counter 02 01 00 The ADD portions with additional τ are determined either “H” or “L” by low-order 6-bit data. “H” period length specified by PWMH 256 τ (64 µs), fixed Fig. 67 14-bit PWM timing 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-65 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INTERRUPT INTERVAL DETERMINATION FUNCTION The 38B7 group has an interrupt interval determination circuit. This interrupt interval determination circuit has an 8-bit binary up counter. Using this counter, it determines a duration of time from the rising edge (falling edge) of an input signal pulse on the P72 / INT2 pin to the rising edge (falling edge) of the signal pulse that is input next. How to determine the interrupt interval is described below. 1. Enable the INT2 interrupt by setting bit 2 of the interrupt control register 1 (address 003E16). Select the rising interval or falling interval by setting bit 2 of the interrupt edge selection register (address 003A16). 2. Set bit 0 of the interrupt interval determination control register (address 003116) to “1” (interrupt interval determination operating). 3. Select the sampling clock of 8-bit binary up counter by setting bit 1 of the interrupt interval determination control register. 4. When the signal of polarity which is set on the INT2 pin (rising or falling edge) is input, the 8-bit binary up counter starts counting up of the selected counter sampling clock. 5. When the signal of polarity selected above is input again, the value of the 8-bit binary up counter is transferred to the interrupt interval determination register (address 003016 ), and the remote control interrupt request occurs. Immediately after that, the 8-bit binary up counter continues to count up again from “0016 ”. 6. When count value reaches “FF16 ”, the 8-bit binary up counter stops counting up. Then, simultaneously when the next counter sampling clock is input, the counter sets value “FF16” to the interrupt interval determination register to generate the counter overflow interrupt request. Noise Filter The P72/INT2 pin builds in the noise filter. The noise filter operation is described below. 1. Select the sampling clock of the input signal with bits 2 and 3 of the interrupt interval determination control register. When not using the noise filter, set “00 16”. 2. The P7 2/INT 2 input signal is sampled in synchronization with the selected clock. When sampling the same level signal in a series of three sampling, the signal is recognized as the interrupt signal, and the interrupt request occurs. When setting bit 4 of interrupt interval determination control register to “1”, the interrupt request can occur at both rising and falling edges. When using the noise filter, set the minimum pulse width of the INT2 input signal to 3 cycles or more of the sample clock. Internal system clock selection bit f(XIN)/128 f(XCIN) Counter sampling clock selection bit 1/1 Divider 1/2 8-bit binary up counter Counter overflow interrupt request or remote control interrupt request INT2 interrupt input Noise filter Interrupt interval determination register address 003016 Noise filter sampling clock selection bit 1/1 One-sided/both-sided edge detection selection bit 1/4 1/2 Data bus Divider f(XIN)/32 f(XCIN) Internal system clock selection bit Fig. 68 Interrupt interval determination circuit block diagram 1-66 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION b7 b0 Interrupt interval determination control register (IIDCON: address 003116) Interrupt interval determination circuit operating selection bit 0 : Stopped 1 : Operating Counter sampling clock selection bit 0 : f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN) 1 : f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/2 Noise filter sampling clock selection bits (INT2) b3b2 0 0 : Filter stop 0 1 : f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN) 1 0 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/2 1 1 : f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/4 One-sided/both-sided edge detection selection bit 0 : One-sided edge detection 1 : Both-sided edge detection (can be used when using a noise filter) Not used (return “0” when read) (Do not write “1” to these bits.) Fig. 69 Structure of interrupt interval determination control register (When IIDCON4 = “0”) Noise filter sampling clock INT2 pin Acceptance of interrupt Counter sampling clock N 8-bit binary up counter value N Interrupt interval determination register value N Remote control interrupt request Remote control interrupt request 0 1 2 3 4 6 0 6 6 Counter overflow interrupt request 1 2 3 FE FF 0 FF FF 1 5 ~ ~ Fig. 70 Interrupt interval determination operation example (at rising edge active) (When IIDCON4 = “1”) Noise filter sampling clock INT2 pin Acceptance of interrupt Counter sampling clock N 8-bit binary up counter value N Interrupt interval determination register value N Remote control interrupt request Remote control interrupt request 0 1 2 0 2 2 1 2 3 0 3 3 Remote control interrupt request Remote control interrupt request 1 2 0 2 2 1 2 FE FF 0 FF FF Counter overflow interrupt request 1 Fig. 71 Interrupt interval determination operation example (at both-sided edge active) 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-67 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION WATCHDOG TIMER The watchdog timer gives a mean of returning to the reset status when a program cannot run on a normal loop (for example, because of a software runaway). The watchdog timer consists of an 8-bit watchdog timer L and a 8-bit watchdog timer H. (2) Watchdog timer H count source selection bit operation Bit 7 of the watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE16 ) permits selecting a watchdog timer H count source. When this bit is set to “0”, the underflow signal of watchdog timer L becomes the count source. The detection time is set to 131.072 ms at f(X IN) = 4 MHz frequency, and 32.768 s at f(XCIN) = 32 kHz frequency. When this bit is set to “1”, the count source becomes the signal divided by 8 for f(X IN ) or divided by 16 for f(X CIN). The detection time in this case is set to 512 µs at f(X IN) = 4 MHz frequency, and 128 ms at f(XCIN ) = 32 kHz frequency. This bit is cleared to “0” after reset. Standard Operation Of Watchdog Timer When any data is not written into the watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE 16) after reset, the watchdog timer is in the stop state. The watchdog timer starts to count down by writing an optional value into the watchdog timer control register and an internal reset occurs at an underflow of the watchdog timer H. Accordingly, programming is usually performed so that writing to the watchdog timer control register may be started before an underflow. When the watchdog timer control register is read, the values of the high-order 6 bits of the watchdog timer H, STP instruction disable bit, and watchdog timer H count source selection bit are read. (3) Operation of STP instruction disable bit Bit 6 of the watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE16 ) permits disabling the STP instruction when the watchdog timer is in operation. When this bit is “0”, the STP instruction is enabled. When this bit is “1”, the STP instruction is disabled. If the STP instruction is executed, an internal resetting occurs. When this bit is set to “1”, it cannot be rewritten to “0” by program. This bit is cleared to “0” after reset. (1) Initial value of watchdog timer At reset or writing to the watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE16), a watchdog timer H is set to “ FF 16” a nd a watchdog timer L to “FF16”. s Note When releasing the stop mode, the watchdog timer performs its count operation even in the stop release waiting time. Be careful not to cause the watchdog timer H to underflow in the stop release waiting time, for example, by writing any data in the watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE16 ) before executing the STP instruction. XCIN 1/2 “1” Internal system clock selection bit (Note) “0” “FF16” is set when watchdog timer control register is written to. Watchdog timer L (8) 1/8 Data bus “FF16” is set when watchdog timer control register is written to. “0” “1” Watchdog timer H (8) XIN Watchdog timer H count source selection bit STP instruction disable bit STP instruction Reset circuit Internal reset RESET Note: Either high-speed, middle-speed or low-speed mode is selected by bit 7 of CPU mode register. Fig. 72 Block diagram of watchdog timer b7 b0 Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON : address 0EEE16) Watchdog timer H (for read-out of high-order 6 bits) STP instruction disable bit 0: STP instruction enabled 1: STP instruction disabled Watchdog timer H count source selection bit 0: Watchdog timer L underflow 1: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 Fig. 73 Structure of watchdog timer control register 1-68 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION BUZZER OUTPUT CIRCUIT The 38B7 group has a buzzer output circuit. One of 1 kHz, 2 kHz and 4 kHz (at XIN = 4.19 MHz) frequencies can be selected by the buzzer output control register (address 0EFD16). Either P77/BUZ01 or P97/B UZ02/AN15 can be selected as a buzzer output port by the output port selection bits (b2 and b3 of address 0EFD16 ). The buzzer output is controlled by the buzzer output ON/OFF bit (b4). Note: In the low-speed mode, a buzzer output is made OFF. Port latch f(XIN) 1/1024 1/2048 1/4096 Divider Buzzer output Buzzer output ON/OFF bit Output port control signal Port direction register Fig. 74 Block diagram of buzzer output circuit b7 b0 Buzzer output control register (BUZCON: address 0EFD16) Output frequency selection bits (XIN = 4.19 MHz) b1b0 0 0 : 1 kHz (f(XIN)/4096) 0 1 : 2 kHz (f(XIN)/2048) 1 0 : 4 kHz (f(XIN)/1024) 1 1 : Not available Output port selection bits b3b2 0 0 : P77 and P97 function as ordinary ports. 0 1 : P77/BUZ01 functions as a buzzer output. 1 0 : P97/BUZ02/AN15 functions as a buzzer output. 1 1 : Not available Buzzer output ON/OFF bit b4 0 : Buzzer output OFF (“0” output) 1 : Buzzer output ON Not used (returns “0” when read) Fig. 75 Structure of buzzer output control register 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-69 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION RESET CIRCUIT To reset the microcomputer, RESET pin should be held at an “L” level for 2 µs or more. Then the RESET pin is returned to an “H” level (the power source voltage should be between 2.7 V and 5.5 V, and the oscillation should be stable), reset is released. After the reset is completed, the program starts from the address contained in address FFFD 16 (high-order byte) and address FFFC16 (loworder byte). Make sure that the reset input voltage is less than 0.54 V for Vcc of 2.7 V (switching to the high-speed mode, a power source voltage must be between 4.0 V and 5.5 V). Poweron Power source voltage 0V Reset input voltage 0V (Note) RESET VCC 0.2VCC Note : Reset release voltage ; Vcc=2.7 V RESET VCC Power source voltage detection circuit Fig. 76 Reset circuit example XIN φ RESET Internal reset Address ? ? ? ? FFFC FFFD ADH, ADL Data ADL ADH SYNC XIN: about 4000 cycles Notes 1: The frequency relation of f(XIN) and f(φ) is f(XIN)=4 • f(φ). 2: The question marks (?) indicate an undefined state that depends on the previous state. Fig. 77 Reset sequence 1-70 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Address Register contents (1) Port P0 (2) Port P1 (3) Port P1 direction register (4) Port P2 (5) Port P3 (6) Port P3 direction register (7) Port P4 (8) Port P4 direction register (9) Port P5 (10) Port P5 direction register (11) Port P6 (12) Port P6 direction register (13) Port P7 (14) Port P7 direction register (15) Port P8 (16) Port P8 direction register (17) Port P9 (18) Port P9 direction register (19) Port PA (20) Port PA direction register (21) Port PB (22) Port PB direction register (23) Serial I/O1 control register 1 (24) Serial I/O1 control register 2 (25) Serial I/O1 control register 3 (26) Serial I/O2 control register (27) Serial I/O2 status register (28) Timer 1 (29) Timer 2 (30) Timer 3 (31) Timer 4 (32) Timer 5 (33) Timer 6 (34) PWM control register (35) Timer 12 mode register (36) Timer 34 mode register (37) Timer 56 mode register 000016 000216 000316 000416 000616 000716 000816 000916 000A16 000B16 000C16 000D16 000E16 000F16 001016 001116 001216 001316 001416 001516 001616 001716 001916 001A16 001C16 001D16 001E16 002016 002116 002216 002316 002416 002516 002616 002816 002916 002A16 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 8016 FF16 0116 FF16 FF16 FF16 FF16 0016 0016 0016 0016 (38) D-A conversion register (39) Timer X (low-order) (40) Timer X (high-order) (41) Timer X mode register 1 (42) Timer X mode register 2 (43) Interrupt interval determination register (44) Interrupt interval determination control register (45) AD/DA control register (46) UART control register (47) Interrupt source switch register (48) Interrupt edge selection register (49) CPU mode register (50) Interrupt request register 1 (51) Interrupt request register 2 (52) Interrupt control register 1 (53) Interrupt control register 2 (54) Serial I/O3 control register (55) Watchdog timer control register (56) Pull-up control register 3 (57) Pull-up control register 1 (58) Pull-up control register 2 (59) Port P0 digit output set switch register (60) Port P2 digit output set switch register (61) FLDC mode register (62) Tdisp time set register (63) Toff1 time set register (64) Toff2 time set register Address Register contents 002B16 002C16 002D16 002E16 002F16 003016 003116 003216 003816 003916 003A16 0016 FF16 FF16 0016 0016 0016 0016 1016 8016 0016 0016 003B16 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 003C16 003D16 003E16 003F16 0EEC16 0EEE16 0EEF16 0EF016 0EF116 0EF216 0EF316 0EF416 0EF516 0EF616 0EF716 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 3F16 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 FF16 FF16 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 0016 (65) Port P4 FLD/Port switch register 0EF916 (66) Port P5 FLD/Port switch register 0EFA16 (67) Port P6 FLD/Port switch register 0EFB16 (68) FLD output control register (69) Buzzer output control register (70) Flash memory control register (71) Flash command register (72) Processor status register (73) Program counter 0EFC16 0EFD16 0EFE16 0EFF16 (PS) ✕ ✕ ✕ ✕ ✕ 1 ✕ ✕ (PCH) (PCL) FFFD16 contents FFFC16 contents ✕: Not fixed Since the initial values for other than above mentioned registers and RAM contents are indefinite at reset, they must be set. Fig. 78 Internal status at reset 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-71 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION CLOCK GENERATING CIRCUIT The 38B7 group has two built-in oscillation circuits. An oscillation circuit can be formed by connecting a resonator between XIN and XOUT or XCIN and XCOUT. Use the circuit constants in accordance with the resonator manufacturer’s recommended values. No external resistor is needed between XIN and XOUT since a feedback resistor exists on-chip. However, an external feedback resistor is needed between XCIN and XCOUT. Immediately after power on, only the XIN oscillation circuit starts oscillating, and XCIN and XCOUT pins function as I/O ports. Oscillation Control (1) Stop mode If the STP instruction is executed, the internal system clock stops at an “H” level, and XIN and XCIN oscillators stop. Timer 1 is set to “FF16 ” and timer 2 is set to “01 16”. Either XIN divided by 8 or X CIN divided by 16 is input to timer 1 as count source, and the output of timer 1 is connected to timer 2. The bits of the timer 12 mode register are cleared to “0”. Set the interrupt enable bits of the timer 1 and timer 2 to disabled (“0”) before executing the STP instruction. Oscillator restarts when an external interrupt is received, but the internal system clock is not supplied to the CPU until timer 2 underflows. This allows time for the clock circuit oscillation to stabilize. (2) Wait mode If the WIT instruction is executed, the internal system clock stops at an “H” level. The states of XIN and XCIN are the same as the state before executing the WIT instruction. The internal system clock restarts at reset or when an interrupt is received. Since the oscillator does not stop, normal operation can be started immediately after the clock is restarted. Frequency Control (1) Middle-speed mode The internal system clock is the frequency of XIN divided by 4. After reset, this mode is selected. (2) High-speed mode The internal system clock is the frequency of XIN. (3) Low-speed mode The internal system clock is the frequency of XCIN divided by 2. s Note If you switch the mode between middle/high-speed and lowspeed, stabilize both X IN and XCIN oscillations. The sufficient time is required for the sub clock to stabilize, especially immediately after power on and at returning from stop mode. When switching the mode between middle/high-speed and low-speed, set the frequency on condition that f(XIN) > 3 • f(XCIN ). (4) Low power consumption mode The low power consumption operation can be realized by stopping the main clock XIN in low-speed mode. To stop the main clock, set the main clock stop bit (bit 5) of the CPU mode register to “ 1 ” . When the main clock XIN is restarted (by setting the main clock stop bit to “0”), set enough time for oscillation to stabilize. XCIN Rf XCOUT Rd CCOUT XIN XOUT CCIN CIN COUT Fig. 79 Ceramic resonator circuit XCIN XCOUT open XIN XOUT open External oscillation circuit VCC VSS External oscillation circuit or external pulse VCC VSS Fig. 80 External clock input circuit 1-72 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION XCIN XCOUT “1” “0” Port XC switch bit (Note 3) 1/2 XIN XOUT Internal system clock selection bit (Notes 1, 3) Low-speed mode “1” Timer 1 count source selection bit (Note 2) “1” Timer 2 count source selection bit (Note 2) “0” Timer 1 1/4 1/2 “0” Timer 2 “1” “0” High-speed or middle-speed mode Main clock division ratio selection bits (Note 3) Middle-speed mode “1” “0” Timing φ (internal clock) Main clock stop bit (Note 3) High-speed or low-speed mode Q S R STP instruction WIT instruction SQ R QS R STP instruction Reset Interrupt disable flag l Interrupt request Notes 1: When low-speed mode is selected, set the port Xc switch bit (b4) to “1”. 2: Refer to the structure of the timer 12 mode register. 3: Refer to the structure of the CPU mode register. Fig. 81 Clock generating circuit block diagram 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-73 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Reset Middle-speed mode (φ =1 MHz) CM7=0(4 MHz selected) CM6=1(middle-speed) CM5=0(XIN oscillating) CM4=0(32 kHz stopped) CM6 “1” High-speed mode (φ =4 MHz) “0” CM7=0(4 MHz selected) CM6=0(high-speed) CM5=0(XIN oscillating) CM4=0(32 kHz stopped) “0” 4 “0” CM 6 0” ” M“ “1 C ” “1 C M4 “1 ” CM 4 “1” “0 ” CM6 Middle-speed mode (φ =1 MHz) CM7=0(4 MHz selected) CM6=1(middle-speed) CM5=0(XIN oscillating) CM4=1(32 kHz oscillating) High-speed mode (φ =4 MHz) “1” “0” CM7=0(4 MHz selected) CM6=0(high-speed) CM5=0(XIN oscillating) CM4=1(32 kHz oscillating) “0” C M7 “1” C M7 CM6 “1” “0” Low-speed mode (φ =16 kHz) CM7=1(32 kHz selected) CM6=0(high-speed) CM5=0(XIN oscillating) CM4=1(32 kHz oscillating) Low-speed mode (φ =16 kHz) CM7=1(32 kHz selected) CM6=1(middle-speed) CM5=0(XIN oscillating) CM4=1(32 kHz oscillating) “1” “0” “1” 6 “1 ” C M4 “0 ” CM “0” b7 b4 CPU mode register (CPUM : address 003B16) CM4 : Port Xc switch bit 0: I/O port function 1: XCIN-XCOUT oscillating function CM5 : Main clock (XIN- XOUT) stop bit 0: Oscillating 1: Stopped CM6: Main clock division ratio selection bit 0: f(XIN) (High-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/4 (Middle-speed mode) CM7: Internal system clock selection bit 0: XIN–XOUT selected (Middle-/High-speed mode) 1: XCIN–XCOUT selected (Low-speed mode) “0” C M5 “1” “0 ” CM6 “1” “0” Low-power dissipation mode (φ =16 kHz) CM7=1(32 kHz selected) CM6=1(middle-speed) CM5=1(XIN stopped) CM4=1(32 kHz oscillating) Low-power dissipation mode (φ =16 kHz) CM7=1(32 kHz selected) CM6=0(high-speed) CM5=1(XIN stopped) CM4=1(32 kHz oscillating) Notes 1: Switch the mode by the allows shown between the mode blocks. (Do not switch between the mode directly without an allow.) 2: The all modes can be switched to the stop mode or the wait mode and return to the source mode when the stop mode or the wait mode is ended. 3: Timer operates in the wait mode. 4: When the stop mode is ended, a delay of approximately 1 ms occurs by Timer 1 in middle-/high-speed mode. 5: When the stop mode is ended, a delay of approximately 0.25 s occurs by Timer 1 in low-speed mode. 6: The example assumes that 4 MHz is being applied to the XIN pin and 32 kHz to the XCIN pin. φ indicates the internal system clock. Fig. 82 State transitions of system clock 1-74 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual “1” ” “1 CM ” “1 6 ” “0 “1 ” CM C 5 6 “1 ” C M5 M ” “0 “0 ” CM 5 “0” HARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Power Dissipation Calculating Method (Fixed number depending on microcomputer’s standard) • VOH output fall voltage of high-breakdown port 2 V (max.); | Current value | = at 18 mA • Resistor value = 48 kΩ (min.) • Power dissipation of internal circuit (CPU, ROM, RAM etc.) = 5 V ✕ 15 mA = 75 mW (Fixed number depending on use condition) • Apply voltage to VEE pin: Vcc – 45 V • Timing number a; digit number b; segment number c • Ratio of Toff time corresponding Tdisp time: 1/16 • Turn ON segment number during repeat cycle: d • All segment number during repeat cycle: e (= a ✕ c) • Total number of built-in resistor: for digit, f; for segment, g • Digit pin current value h (mA) • Segment pin current value i (mA) (1) Digit pin power dissipation {h ✕ b ✕ (1 – Toff / Tdisp) ✕ voltage} / a (2) Segment pin power dissipation {i ✕ d ✕ (1–Toff / Tdisp) ✕ voltage} / a (3) Pull-down resistor power dissipation (digit) {power dissipation per 1 digit ✕ (b ✕ f / b) ✕ (1–Toff / Tdisp) } / a (4) Pull-down resistor power dissipation (segment) {power dissipation per 1 segment ✕ ( d ✕ g / c ) ✕ ( 1–Toff / Tdisp) } / a (5) Internal circuit power dissipation (CPU, ROM, RAM etc.) = 190 mW (1) + (2)+ (3) + (4) + (5) = X mW 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-75 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Power Dissipation Calculating Example 1 (Fixed number depending on microcomputer’s standard) • VOH output fall voltage of high-breakdown port 2 V (max.); | Current value | = at 18 mA • Resistor value 43 V / 900 µs = 48 kΩ (min.) • Power dissipation of internal circuit (CPU, ROM, RAM etc.) = 5 V ✕ 15 mA = 75 mW (Fixed number depending on use condition) • Apply voltage to VEE pin: Vcc – 45 V • Timing number 17; digit number 16; segment number 20 • Ratio of Toff time corresponding Tdisp time: 1/16 • Turn ON segment number during repeat cycle: 31 • All segment number during repeat cycle: 340 (= 17 ✕ 20) • Total number of built-in resistor: for digit, 16; for segment, 20 • Digit pin current value 18 (mA) • Segment pin current value 3 (mA) (1) Digit pin power dissipation {18 ✕ 16 ✕ (1 – 1 / 16) ✕ 2} / 17 = 31.77 mW (2) Segment pin power dissipation {3 ✕ 31 ✕ (1– 1 / 16) ✕ 2} / 17 = 10.26 mW (3) Pull-down resistor power dissipation (digit) [{45 – 2} 2/ 48 ✕ (16 ✕ 16 / 16) ✕ (1 – 1 / 16)] / 17 = 33.94 mW (4) Pull-down resistor power dissipation (segment) [{45 – 2} 2/ 48 ✕ (31 ✕ 20 / 20) ✕ (1 – 1 / 16)] / 17 = 65.86 mW (5) Internal circuit power dissipation (CPU, ROM, RAM etc.) = 75 mW (1) + (2)+ (3) + (4) + (5) = 217 mW DIG0 DIG1 DIG2 DIG3 DIG13 DIG14 DIG15 Timing number 1 2 3 Repeat cycle Tscan 14 15 16 17 Fig. 83 Digit timing waveform (1) 1-76 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Power Dissipation Calculating Example 2 (2 or more digits turned ON at the same time) (Fixed number depending on microcomputer’s standard) • VOH output fall voltage of high-breakdown port 2 V (max.); | Current value | = at 18 mA • Resistor value 43 V / 900 µs = 48 kΩ (min.) • Power dissipation of internal circuit (CPU, ROM, RAM etc.) = 5 V ✕ 15 mA = 75 mW ( Fixed number depending on use condition) • Apply voltage to VEE pin: Vcc – 45 V • Timing number 11; digit number 12; segment number 24 • Ratio of Toff time corresponding Tdisp time: 1/16 • Turn ON segment number during repeat cycle: 114 • All segment number during repeat cycle: 264 (= 11 ✕ 24) • Total number of built-in resistor: for digit, 10; for segment, 22 • Digit pin current value 18 (mA) • Segment pin current value 3 (mA) (1) Digit pin power dissipation {18 ✕ 12 ✕ (1 – 1 / 16) ✕ 2} / 11 = 36.82 mW (2) Segment pin power dissipation {3 ✕ 114 ✕ (1– 1 / 16) ✕ 2} / 11 = 58.30 mW (3) Pull-down resistor power dissipation (digit) [{45 – 2}2/ 48 ✕ (12 ✕ 10 / 12) ✕ (1 – 1 / 16)] / 11 = 32.84 mW (4) Pull-down resistor power dissipation (segment) [{45 – 2}2/ 48 ✕ (114 ✕ 22 / 24) ✕ (1 – 1 / 16)] / 11 = 343.08 mW (5) Internal circuit power dissipation (CPU, ROM, RAM etc.) = 75 mW (1) + (2)+ (3) + (4) + (5) = 547 mW DIG0 DIG1 DIG2 DIG3 DIG4 DIG5 DIG6 DIG7 DIG8 DIG9 Timing number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Repeat cycle Tscan Fig. 84 Digit timing waveform (2) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-77 H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FLASH MEMORY MODE The M38B79FF has the flash memory mode in addition to the normal operation mode (microcomputer mode). The user can use this mode to perform read, program, and erase operations for the internal flash memory. The M38B79FF has three modes the user can choose: the parallel input/output and serial input/output mode, where the flash memory is handled by using the external programmer, and the CPU reprogramming mode, where the flash memory is handled by the central processing unit (CPU). The following explains these modes. Functional Outline (parallel input/output mode) In the parallel input/output mode, the M38B79FF allow the user to choose an operation mode between the read-only mode and the read/write mode (software command control mode) depending on the voltage applied to the VPP pin. When V PP = VPP L, the readonly mode is selected, and the user can choose one of three states ___ ___ (e.g., read, output disable, or standby) depending on inputs ___ to the CE, OE, and WE pins. When VPP = V PP H, the read/write mode is selected, and the user can choose one of four states (e.g., read,__ output disable, standby, or write) depending on inputs __ ___ to the CE, OE, and WE pins. Table 13 shows assignment states of control input and each state. q Read __ The microcomputer enters the read state by driving the CE, and __ ___ OE pins low and the WE pin high; and the contents of memory corresponding to the address to be input to address input pins (A0–A16 ) are output to the data input/output pins (D0–D7 ). q Output disable The microcomputer___ enters the output disable state by driving the __ __ CE pin low and the WE and OE pins high; and the data input/output pins enter the floating state. q Standby __ The microcomputer enters the standby state by driving the CE pin high. The M38B79FF is placed in a power-down state consuming only a minimal supply current. At this time, the data input/output pins enter the floating state. q Write The microcomputer enters the write state by driving the VPP pin ___ __ high (VPP = __ H) and then the WE pin low when the CE pin is V PP low and the OE pin is high. In this state, software commands can be input from the data input/output pins, and the user can choose program or erase operation depending on the contents of this software command. (1) Flash memory mode 1 (parallel I/O mode) The parallel I/O mode can be selected by connecting wires as shown in Figures 85 and supplying power to the VCC a nd V PP pins. In this mode, the M38B79FF operates as an equivalent of MITSUBISHI’s CMOS flash memory M5M28F101. However, because the M38B79FF’s internal memory has a capacity of 60 Kbytes, programming is available for addresses 0100016 t o 0FFFF16, and make sure that the data in addresses 0000016 to 00FFF16 and addresses 10000 16 to 1FFFF16 are FF16 . Note also that the M38B79FF does not contain a facility to read out a device identification code by applying a high voltage to address input (A9 ). Be careful not to erratically set program conditions when using a general-purpose PROM programmer. Table 12 shows the pin assignments when operating in the parallel input/output mode. Table 12 Pin assignments of M38B79FF when operating in the parallel input/output mode VCC VPP VSS Address input Data I/O __ CE ___ OE ___ WE M38B79FF VCC CNVSS VSS Ports P0, P1, P3 1 Port P2 P36 P37 P33 M5M28F101 VCC VPP VSS A0–A16 D0–D7 __ CE __ OE ___ WE Table 13 Assignment states of control input and each state Pin Mode Read-only State Read Output disable Standby Read Output disable Standby Write __ __ ___ CE VIL VIL VIH VIL VIL VIH VIL OE VIL VIH × VIL VIH × VIH WE VIH VIH × VIH VIH × VIL VPP VPPL VPPL VPPL VPP H VPP H VPP H VPP H Data I/O Output Floating Floating Output Floating Floating Input Read/Write Note: × can be VIL or VIH. 1-78 38B7 Group User’s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Table 14 Pin description (flash memory parallel I/O mode) Pin VCC, VSS CNVSS _____ RESET XIN XOUT AVSS VREF P00–P07 P10–P17 P20 –P27 P30–P37 Name Power supply VPP input Reset input Clock input Clock output Analog supply input Reference voltage input Address input (A0–A7) Address input (A8–A15) Data I/O (D0–D7) Control signal input Input /Output — Input Input Input Output — Input Input Input I/O Input Functions Supply 5 V ± 10 % to VCC and 0 V to VSS. Connect to 5 V ± 10 % in read-only mode, connect to 11.7 V to 12.6 V in read/write mode. Connect to VSS. Connect a ceramic resonator between XIN and XOUT. Connect to VSS. Connect to VSS. Port P0 functions as 8-bit address input (A0–A7). Port P1 functions as 8-bit address input (A8–A15). Function as 8-bit data’s I/O pins (D0–D 7). Connect them to Vss through each resistor of 6.8 kΩ. P37, P36 and P33 function as the OE, CE and WE input pins respectively. P3 1 functions as the A16 input pin. Connect P30 and P32 to VSS. Input “H” or “L” to P34, P35, or keep them open. Input “H” or “L”, or keep them open. Input “H” or “L”, or keep them open. Connect P64 and P6 6 to VSS. Input “H” or “L” to P60 –P63, P6 5, P67, or keep them open. Input “H” or “L”, or keep them open. Input “H” or “L”, or keep them open. Input “H” or “L”, or keep them open. Input “H” or “L”, or keep them open. Input “H” or “L”, or keep them open. Keep this open. P40–P47 P50 –P57 P60 –P67 P70 –P77 P80–P83 P90–P97 PA0–PA7 PB0–PB6 VEE Input port P4 Input port P5 Input port P6 Input port P7 Input port P8 Input port P9 Input port PA Input port PB Pull-down power supply Input Input Input Input Input Input Input Input 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-79 HARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION A14 A11 A12 A13 A10 A15 A16 WE A0 A1 CE 6.8 kΩ *P27/FLD7 *P26/FLD6 *P25/FLD5 D4 *P24/FLD4 D3 *P23/FLD3 D2 *P22/FLD2 D1 *P21/FLD1 D0 *P20/FLD0 VE E PB6/SIN1 PB5/SOUT1 PB4/SCLK11 PB3/SSTB1 PB2/SBUSY1 PB1/SRDY1 PB0/SCLK12/SVIN/DA AVSS VREF PA7/AN7 PA6/AN6 D7 D6 D5 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 *P00/FLD8 *P01/FLD9 *P02/FLD10 *P03/FLD11 *P04/FLD12 *P05/FLD13 *P06/FLD14 *P07/FLD15 *P10/FLD16 *P11/FLD17 *P12/FLD18 *P13/FLD19 *P14/FLD20 *P15/FLD21 *P16/FLD22 *P17/FLD23 *P30/FLD24 *P31/FLD25 *P32/FLD26 *P33/FLD27 *P34/FLD28 *P35/FLD29 *P36/FLD30 *P37/FLD31 *P40/FLD32 *P41/FLD33 *P42/FLD34 *P43/FLD35 *P44/FLD36 *P45/FLD37 OE A2 A6 A7 A3 A4 A5 A8 A9 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 M38B79FFFP 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 *P46/FLD38 *P47/FLD39 *P50/FLD40 *P51/FLD41 *P52/FLD42 *P53/FLD43 *P54/FLD44 *P55/FLD45 *P56/FLD46 *P57/FLD47 *P60/FLD48 *P61/FLD49 *P62/FLD50 *P63/FLD51 P64/RxD/FLD52 P65/TxD/FLD53 P66/SCLK21/FLD54 P67/SRDY2/SCLK22/FLD55 P70/INT0 P71/INT1 Vss Vcc Fig. 85 Pin connection of M38B79FF when operating in parallel input/output mode 1-80 PA5/AN5 PA4/AN4 PA3/AN3 PA2/AN2 PA1/AN1 PA0/AN0 P97/BUZ02/AN15 P96/PWM0/AN14 P95/RTP0/AN13 P94/RTP1/AN12 P93/SRDY3/AN11 P92/SCLK3/AN10 P91/SOUT3/AN9 P90/SIN3/AN8 P83/CNTR0/CNTR2 P82/CNTR1 Vpp C N VS S RESET P81/XCOUT P80/XCIN VS S XIN XOUT VCC P77/INT4/BUZ01 P76/T3OUT P75/T1OUT P74/PWM1 P73/INT3/DIMOUT P72/INT2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 ✱ ✱ :Connect to the ceramic oscillation circuit. * : High-breakdown-voltage output port: Totaling 52 Package type: 100P6S-A indicates the flash memory pin. 38B7 Group User’s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Read-only Mode The microcomputer enters the read-only mode by applying VPPL to the V PP pin. In this mode, the user can input the address of a memory location to be read and the control signals at the timing shown in Figure 86, and the M38B79FF will output the contents of the user’s specified address from data I/O pin to the external. In this mode, the user cannot perform any operation other than read. VIH Address VIL tRC VIH CE VIL ta(CE) VIH OE VIL VIH WE VIL VOH Data VOL Floating ta(OE) tOLZ tCLZ ta(AD) Dout tDH Floating tWRR tDF Valid address Fig. 86 Read timing Read/Write Mode The microcomputer enters the read/write mode by applying VPP H to the VPP pin. In this mode, the user must first input a software command to choose the operation (e. g., read, program, or erase) to be performed on the flash memory (this is called the first cycle), and then input the information necessary for execution of the command (e.g, address and data) and control signals (this is called the second cycle). When this is done, the M38B79FF executes the specified operation. Table 15 Software command (parallel input/output mode) Symbol Read Program Program verify Erase Erase verify Reset Device identification First cycle Address input × × × × Verify address × × Table 15 shows the software commands and the input/output information in the first and the second cycles. The input address is ___ latched internally at the falling edge of the WE input; software commands ___ other input data are latched internally at the rising and edge of the WE input. The following explains each software command. Refer to Figures 87 to 89 for details about the signal input/output timings. Data input 0016 4016 C0 16 2016 A016 FF16 9016 Second cycle Address input Data I/O Read address Read data (Output) Program address Program data (Input) × Verify data (Output) × 2016 (Input) × Verify data (Output) × FF16 (Input) ADI DDI (Output) Note: ADI = Device identification address : manufacturer’s code 0000016, device code 00001 16 DDI = Device identification data : manufacturer’s code 1C16, device code D0 16 × can be V IL or VIH. 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-81 HARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION q Read command The microcomputer enters the read mode by inputting command code “0016” in the first cycle. The command code is latched into ___ the internal command latch at the rising edge of the WE input. When the address of a memory location to be read is input in the second cycle, with control signals input at the timing shown in Figure 87, the M38B79FF outputs the contents of the specified address from the data I/O pins to the external. The read mode is retained until any other command is latched into the command latch. Consequently, once the M38B79FF enters the read mode, the user can read out the successive memory contents simply by changing the input address and executing the second cycle only. Any command other than the read command must be input beginning from its command code over again each time the user execute it. The contents of the command latch immediately after power-on is 0016 . VIH Address VIL tWC VIH CE VIL tCS VIH OE VIL tRRW VIH WE VIL ta(OE) tDS VIH Data VIL tVSC VPPH VPP VPPL 0016 tDH tOLZ tCLZ ta(AD) Dout tDH tWP tWRR tDF tCH ta(CE) tRC Valid address Fig. 87 Timings during reading 1-82 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION q Program command The microcomputer enters the program mode by inputting command code “4016 ” in the first cycle. The command code ___ is latched into the internal command latch at the rising edge of the WE input. When the address which indicates a program location and data is input in the second cycle, the M38B79FF internally latches the ad___ dress at the___ edge of the WE input and the data at the rising falling edge of the WE input. The M38B79FF starts programming at the ___ rising edge of the WE input in the second cycle and finishes progr amming within 10 µ s as measured by its internal timer. Programming is performed in units of bytes. Note: A programming operation is not completed by executing the program command once. Always be sure to execute a program verify command after executing the program command. When the failure is found in this verification, the user must repeatedly execute the program command until the pass. Refer to Figure 90 for the programming flowchart. q Program verify command The microcomputer enters the program verify mode by inputting command code “C016 ” in the first cycle. This command is used to verify the programmed data after executing the program command. The command code is ___ latched into the internal command latch at the rising edge of the WE input. When control signals are input in the second cycle at the timing shown in Figure 88, the M38B79FF outputs the programmed address’s contents to the external. Since the address is internally latched when the program command is executed, there is no need to input it in the second cycle. VIH Address VIL tWC VIH CE VIL tCS tCH VIH OE VIL tRRW tWP VIH WE VIL tDS VIH Data VIL tVSC VPPH VPP VPPL 4016 tDH Program verify Program address tAS tAH Program tCS tCH tCS tCH tWPH tWP tDP tWP tWRR tDS tDS DIN tDH C016 tDH Dout Verify data output Fig. 88 Input/output timings during programming (Verify data is output at the same timing as for read.) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-83 HARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION q Erase command The erase command is executed by inputting command code 2016 in the first cycle and command code 2016 a gain in the second cycle. The command code is latched into the internal command ___ latch at the rising edges of the WE input in the first cycle and in the second cycle, respectively. The erase operation is initiated at ___ the rising edge of the WE input in the second cycle, and the memory contents are collectively erased within 9.5 ms as measured by the internal timer. Note that data 0016 must be written to all memory locations before executing the erase command. Note: An erase operation is not completed by executing the erase command once. Always be sure to execute an erase verify command after executing the erase command. When the failure is found in this verification, the user must repeatedly execute the erase command until the pass. Refer to Figure 90 for the erase flowchart. q Erase verify command The user must verify the contents of all addresses after completing the erase command. The microcomputer enters the erase verify mode by inputting the verify address and command code A016 in the first cycle. The address is internally latched at the fall___ ing edge of the WE input, and the command code is internally ___ latched at the rising edge of the WE input. When control signals are input in the second cycle at the timing shown in Figure 89, the M38B79FF outputs the contents of the specified address to the external. Note: If any memory location where the contents have not been erased is found in the erase verify operation, execute the operation of “erase → erase verify” over again. In this case, however, the user does not need to write data 0016 to memory locations before erasing. VIH Address VIL tWC VIH CE VIL tCS tCH VIH OE VIL tRRW tWP VIH WE VIL tDS VIH Data VIL tVSC VPPH VPP VPPL tDH tDH 2016 2016 tDS tWPH tWP tDE tCS tCH Erase Erase verify Verify address tAS tAH tCS tCH tWP tWRR tDS A016 Dout Verify data output tDH Fig. 89 Input/output timings during erasing (verify data is output at the same timing as for read.) 1-84 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION q Reset command The reset command provides a means of stopping execution of the erase or program command safely. If the user inputs command code FF 16 in the second cycle after inputting the erase or program command in the first cycle and again input command code FF16 in the third cycle, the erase or program command is disabled (i.e., reset), and the M38B79FF is placed in the read mode. If the reset command is executed, the contents of the memory does not change. q Device identification code command By inputting command code 9016 in the first cycle, the user can read out the device identification code. The command code is latched into the internal command latch at the rising edge of the ___ WE input. At this time, the user can read out manufacture’s code 1C16 (i.e., MITSUBISHI) by inputting 000016 to the address input pins in the second cycle; the user can read out device code D016 (i. e., 1M-bit flash memory) by inputting 000116 . These command and data codes are input/output at the same timing as for read. 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-85 HARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Program START Erase START VCC = 5 V, VPP = VPPH VCC = 5 V, VPP = VPPH ADRS = first location YES ALL BYTES = 0016 ? NO X=0 WRITE PROGRAM COMMAND WRITE PROGRAM DATA DURATION = 10 µs X=X+1 WRITE PROGRAM-VERIFY COMMAND DURATION = 6 µs YES X = 25 ? NO FAIL PASS VERIFY BYTE ? PASS NO INC ADRS LAST ADRS ? NO YES WRITE READ COMMAND 0016 FAIL VERIFY BYTE ? FAIL 4016 PROGRAM ALL BYTES = 0016 ADRS = first location DIN X=0 WRITE ERASE COMMAND WRITE ERASE COMMAND DURATION = 9.5 ms X=X+1 WRITE ERASE-VERIFY COMMAND DURATION = 6 µs 2016 C016 2016 A016 X = 1000 ? YES PASS VERIFY BYTE ? PASS VERIFY BYTE ? FAIL VPP = VPPL INC ADRS DEVICE PASSED DEVICE FAILED NO LAST ADRS ? YES WRITE READ COMMAND 0016 VPP = VPPL DEVICE PASSED DEVICE FAILED Fig. 90 Programming/Erasing algorithm flow chart 1-86 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Table 16 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Ta = 25 °C, VCC = 5 V ± 10 %, unless otherwise noted) Symbol ISB1 ISB2 ICC1 ICC2 ICC3 IPP1 IPP2 IPP3 VIL VIH VOH1 VOH2 VPPL VPPH VCC supply current (at standby) VCC supply current (at read) VCC supply current (at program) VCC supply current (at erase) VPP supply current (at read) VPP supply current (at program) VPP supply current (at erase) “L” input voltage “H” input voltage “H” output voltage VPP supply voltage (read only) VPP supply voltage (read/write) Parameter Test conditions __ Min. Limits Typ. VCC = 5.5 V, CE = VIH VCC = 5.5 V, __ CE = VCC ± 0__ V .2 VCC = 5.5 V, CE = VIL, tRC = 150 ns, I OUT = 0 mA VPP = VPPH VPP = VPPH 0≤VPP≤VCC VCC ➀ Apply 0 V to the CNVss/VPP pin for reset release. ➁ Set the CPU mode register. (see Figure 100) ➂ After CPU reprogramming mode control program is transferred to internal RAM, jump to this control program on RAM. (The following operations are controlled by this control program). ➃ Set “1” to the CPU reprogramming mode select bit. ➄ Apply VPPH to the CNVSS/VPP pin. ➅ Wait till CNVSS/VPP pin becomes 12 V. ➆ Read the CPU reprogramming mode monitor flag to confirm whether the CPU reprogramming mode is valid. ➇ The operation of the flash memory is executed by software-command-writing to the flash command register . Note: The following are necessary other than this: •Control for data which is input from the external (serial I/O etc.) and to be programmed to the flash memory •Initial setting for ports etc. •Writing to the watchdog timer < Release procedure > ➀ Apply 0V to the CNV SS/VPP pin. ➁ Wait till CNVSS /VPP pin becomes 0V. ➂ Set the CPU reprogramming mode select bit to “0”. Each software command is explained as follows. q Read command When “ 00 16” i s written to the flash command register, the M38B79FF enters the read mode. The contents of the corresponding address can be read by reading the flash memory (For instance, with the LDA instruction etc.) under this condition. The read mode is maintained until another command code is written to the flash command register. Accordingly, after setting the read mode once, the contents of the flash memory can continuously be read. After reset and after the reset command is executed, the read mode is set. b7 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Flash command register (FCMD : address 0EFF16) Writing of software command • Read command • Program command • Program verify command • Erase command • Erase verify command • Reset command “0016” “4016” “C016” “2016” + “2016” “A016” “FF16” + “FF16” b0 0 0 CPU mode register (CPUM : address 003B16) Processor mode bits b1 b0 0 0 : Single-chip mode 0 1 : Not available 1 X : Not available Stack page selection bit 0 : 0 page 1 : 1 page Reserved (Do not write “0” to this bit when using XCIN–XCOUT oscillation function.) Port XC switch bit 0 : I/O port function (stop oscillating) 1 : XCIN–XCOUT oscillating function Main clock (XIN–XOUT) stop bit 0 : Oscillating 1 : Stopped Main clock division ratio selection bits b7 b6 0 0 : φ = f(XIN) (high-speed mode) 0 1 : φ = f(XIN)/4 (middle-speed mode) 1 0 : φ = f(XCIN)/2 (low-speed mode) 1 1 : Not available Note: The flash command register is write-only register. Fig. 99 Flash command register bit configuration Fig. 100 CPU mode register bit configuration in CPU rewriting mode 1-96 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual H ARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION q Program command When “ 40 16 ” i s written to the flash command register, the M38B79FF enters the program mode. Subsequently to this, if the instruction (for instance, STA instruction) for writing byte data in the address to be programmed is executed, the control circuit of the flash memory executes the program. The erase/program busy flag of the flash memory control register is set to “1” when the program starts, and becomes “0” when the program is completed. Accordingly, after the write instruction is executed, CPU can recognize the completion of the program by polling this bit. The programmed area must be specified beforehand by the erase/ program area select bits. During programming, watchdog timer stops with “FFFF16” set. Note: A programming operation is not completed by executing the program command once. Always be sure to execute a program verify command after executing the program command. When the failure is found in this verification, the user must repeatedly execute the program command until the pass. Refer to Figure 101 for the flow chart of the programming. q Program verify command When “ C016 ” i s written to the flash command register, the M38B79FF enters the program verify mode. Subsequently to this, if the instruction (for instance, LDA instruction) for reading byte data from the address to be verified (i.e., previously programmed address), the contents which has been written to the address actually is read. CPU compares this read data with data which has been written by the previous program command. In consequence of the comparison, if not agreeing, the operation of “program → program verify” must be executed again. q Erase command When writing “2016 ” twice continuously to the flash command register, the flash memory control circuit performs erase to the area specified beforehand by the erase/program area select bits. Erase/program busy flag of the flash memory control register becomes “ 1 ” w hen erase begins, and it becomes “ 0 ” w hen erase completes. Accordingly, CPU can recognize the completion of erase by polling this bit. Data “0016 ” must be written to all areas to be erased by the program and the program verify commands before the erase command is executed. During erasing, watchdog timer stops with “FFFF16 ” set. Note: The erasing operation is not completed by executing the erase command once. Always be sure to execute an erase verify command after executing the erase command. When the failure is found in this verification, the user must repeatedly execute the erase command until the pass. Refer to Figure 101 for the erasing flowchart. q Erase verify command When “ A0 16” i s written to the flash command register, the M38B79FF enters the erase verify mode. Subsequently to this, if the instruction (for instance, LDA instruction) for reading byte data from the address to be verified, the contents of the address is read. CPU must erase and verify to all erased areas in a unit of address. If the address of which data is not “FF 16” (i.e., data is not erased) is found, it is necessary to discontinue erasure verification there, and execute the operation of “erase → erase verify” again. Note: By executing the operation of “erase → erase verify” again when the memory not erased is found. It is unnecessary to write data “0016” before erasing in this case. q Reset command The reset command is a command to discontinue the program or erase command on the way. When “FF16 ” is written to the command register two times continuously after “4016” or “2016” is written to the flash command register, the program, or erase command becomes invalid (reset), and the M38B79FF enters the reset mode. The contents of the memory does not change even if the reset command is executed. DC Electric Characteristics Note: The characteristic concerning the flash memory part are the same as the characteristic of the parallel I/O mode. AC Electric Characteristics Note: The characteristics are the same as the characteristic of the microcomputer mode. 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 1-97 HARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Program START Erase START ADRS = first location YES ALL BYTES = 0016 ? NO X=0 WRITE PROGRAM COMMAND WRITE PROGRAM DATA WAIT 1µs 4016 PROGRAM ALL BYTES = 0016 ADRS = first location DIN X=0 WRITE ERASE COMMAND 2016 NO ERASE PROGRAM BUSY FLAG = 0 YES X=X+1 WRITE PROGRAM-VERIFY COMMAND DURATION = 6 µs WRITE ERASE COMMAND WAIT 1µs C016 2016 NO ERASE PROGRAM BUSY FLAG = 0 YES X=X+1 X = 25 ? NO FAIL YES WRITE ERASE-VERIFY COMMAND PASS DURATION = 6 µs A016 VERIFY BYTE ? PASS VERIFY BYTE ? FAIL X = 1000 ? INC ADRS NO LAST ADRS ? NO YES WRITE READ COMMAND 0016 PASS DEVICE PASSED DEVICE FAILED NO INC ADRS LAST ADRS ? YES WRITE READ COMMAND FAIL YES PASS VERIFY BYTE ? VERIFY BYTE ? FAIL 0016 DEVICE PASSED DEVICE FAILED Fig. 101 Flowchart of program/erase operation at CPU reprogramming mode 1-98 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual HARDWARE NOTES ON PROGRAMMING NOTES ON PROGRAMMING Processor Status Register The contents of the processor status register (PS) after a reset are undefined, except for the interrupt disable flag (I) which is “1.” After a reset, initialize flags which affect program execution. In particular, it is essential to initialize the index X mode (T) and the decimal mode (D) flags because of their effect on calculations. Serial I/O •Using an external clock When using an external clock, input “H” to the external clock input pin and clear the serial I/O interrupt request bit before executing serial I/O transfer and serial I/O automatic transfer. •Using an internal clock When using an internal clock, set the synchronous clock to the internal clock, then clear the serial I/O interrupt request bit before executing serial I/O transfer and serial I/O automatic transfer. Interrupts The contents of the interrupt request bits do not change immediately after they have been written. After writing to an interrupt request register, execute at least one instruction before performing a BBC or BBS instruction. Automatic Transfer Serial I/O When using the automatic transfer serial I/O mode of the serial I/ O1, set an automatic transfer interval as the following. Otherwise the serial data might be incorrectly transmitted/received. •Set an automatic transfer interval for each 1-byte data transfer as the following: (1) Not using FLD controller Keep the interval for 5 cycles or more of internal system clock from clock rising of the last bit of 1-byte data. (2) Using FLD controller (a) Not using gradation display Keep the interval for 17 cycles or more of internal system clock from clock rising of the last bit of 1-byte data. (b) Using gradation display Keep the interval for 27 cycles or more of internal system clock from clock rising of the last bit of 1-byte data. Decimal Calculations • To calculate in decimal notation, set the decimal mode flag (D) to “1”, then execute an ADC or SBC instruction. After executing an ADC or SBC instruction, execute at least one instruction before executing a SEC, CLC, or CLD instruction. • In decimal mode, the values of the negative (N), overflow (V), and zero (Z) flags are invalid. Timers If a value n (between 0 and 255) is written to a timer latch, the frequency division ratio is 1/(n+1). Multiplication and Division Instructions • The index X mode (T) and the decimal mode (D) flags do not affect the MUL and DIV instruction. • The execution of these instructions does not change the contents of the processor status register. A-D Converter The comparator uses capacitive coupling amplifier whose charge will be lost if the clock frequency is too low. Therefore, make sure that f(XIN) is at least on 250 kHz during an A-D conversion. Do not execute the STP or WIT instruction during an A-D conversion. Ports The contents of the port direction registers cannot be read. The following cannot be used: • The data transfer instruction (LDA, etc.) • The operation instruction when the index X mode flag (T) is “1” • The instruction with the addressing mode which uses the value of a direction register as an index • The bit-test instruction (BBC or BBS, etc.) to a direction register • The read-modify-write instructions (ROR, CLB, or SEB, etc.) to a direction register. Use instructions such as LDM and STA, etc., to set the port direction registers. D-A Converter The accuracy of the D-A converter becomes rapidly poor under the VCC = 4.0 V or less condition; a supply voltage of VCC ≥ 4.0 V is recommended. When a D-A converter is not used, set the value of D-A conversion register to “0016”. Instruction Execution Time The instruction execution time is obtained by multiplying the period of the internal clock φ b y the number of cycles needed to execute an instruction. The number of cycles required to execute an instruction is shown in the list of machine instructions. The period of the internal clock φ is half of the XIN period in highspeed mode. 38B7 Group User’s Manual 1-99 HARDWARE NOTES ON USAGE/ DATA REQUIRED FOR MASK ORDERS NOTES ON USAGE Handling of Power Source Pins In order to avoid a latch-up occurrence, connect a capacitor suitable for high frequencies as bypass capacitor between power source pin (V CC p in) and GND pin (V SS p in), between power source pin (V CC pin) and analog power source input pin (AV SS pin), and between program power source pin (CNVss/V PP) and GND pin for flash memory version when on-board reprogramming is executed. Besides, connect the capacitor to as close as possible. For bypass capacitor which should not be located too far from the pins to be connected, a ceramic capacitor of 0.01 µF–0.1 µF is recommended. Flash Memory Version The CNVSS pin is connected to the internal memory circuit block by a low-ohmic resistance, since it has the multiplexed function to be a programmable power source pin (VPP pin) as well. To improve the noise reduction, connect a track between CNVSS pin and VSS pin or VCC pin with 1 to 10 kΩ resistance. The mask ROM version track of CNVSS pin has no operational interference even if it is connected to Vss pin or Vcc pin via a resistor. Electric Characteristic Differences Between Mask ROM and Flash Memory Version MCUs There are differences in electric characteristics, operation margin, noise immunity, and noise radiation between Mask ROM and Flash Memory version MCUs due to the difference in the manufacturing processes. When manufacturing an application system with Flash Memory version and then switching to use of Mask ROM version, please perform sufficient evaluations for the commercial samples of Mask ROM version. DATA REQUIRED FOR MASK ORDERS The following are necessary when ordering a mask ROM production: 1.Mask ROM Confirmation Form 2.Mark Specification Form 3.Data to be written to ROM, in EPROM form (three identical copies) or in one floppy disk. 1-100 38B7 Group User’s Manual CHAPTER 2 APPLICATION 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 I/O port Timer Serial I/O FLD controller A-D converter D-A converter PWM Interrupt interval determination function 2.9 Watchdog timer 2.10 Buzzer output circuit 2.11 Reset circuit 2.12 Clock generating circuit 2.13 Flash memory APPLICATION 2.1 I/O port 2.1 I/O port This paragraph describes the setting method of I/O port relevant registers, notes etc. 2.1.1 Memory assignment Address 000016 000116 000216 000316 000416 000516 000616 000716 000816 000916 000A16 000B16 000C16 000D16 000E16 000F16 001016 001116 001216 001316 001416 001516 001616 001716 0EEF16 0EF016 0EF116 Port P3 (P3) Port P3 direction register (P2D) Port P4 (P4) Port P4 direction register (P4D) Port P5 (P5) Port P5 direction register (P5D) Port P6 (P6) Port P6 direction register (P6D) Port P7 (P7) Port P7 direction register (P7D) Port P8 (P8) Port P8 direction register (P8D) Port P9 (P9) Port P9 direction register (P9D) Port PA (PA) Port PA direction register (PAD) Port PB (PB) Port PB direction register (PBD) Pull-up control register 3 (PULL3) Pull-up control register 1 (PULL1) Pull-up control register 2 (PULL2) Port P1 (P1) Port P1 direction register (P0D) Port P2 (P2) Port P0 (P0) Fig. 2.1.1 Memory assignment of I/O port relevant registers 2-2 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.1 I/O port 2.1.2 Relevant registers Port Pi b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port Pi (i = 0 to 7, 9, A) (Pi: addresses 0016, 0216, 0416, 0616, 0816, 0A16, 0C16, 0E16, 1216, 1416) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name Port Pi0 Port Pi1 Port Pi2 Port Pi3 Port Pi4 Port Pi5 Port Pi6 Port Pi7 Functions qIn output mode Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Read • • • • • • • • Port latch qIn input mode Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Read • • • • • • • • Value of pin At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.1.2 Structure of port Pi (i = 0 to 7, 9, A) Port P8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P8 (P8: address 1016) b Name Functions qIn output mode Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Read • • • • • • • • Port latch qIn input mode Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Read • • • • • • • • Value of pin At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port P80 1 Port P81 2 Port P82 3 Port P83 4 Nothing is arranged for these bits. When these 5 bits are read out, the contents are undefined. 6 7 Fig. 2.1.3 Structure of port P8 38B7 Group User’s Manual 2-3 APPLICATION 2.1 I/O port Port PB b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port PB (PB: address 1616) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port PB0 qIn output mode Port PB1 Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Port PB2 Read • • • • • • • • Port latch qIn input mode Port PB3 Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Port PB4 Read • • • • • • • • Value of pin Port PB5 Port PB6 Nothing is arranged for this bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are undefined. Fig. 2.1.4 Structure of port PB Port Pi direction register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port Pi direction register (PiD) (i = 1, 3 to 7, 9, A) [Addresses 0316, 0716, 0916, 0B16, 0D16, 0F16, 1316, 1516] b Name Functions 0 : Port Pi0 input mode 1 : Port Pi0 output mode 0 : Port Pi1 input mode 1 : Port Pi1 output mode 0 : Port Pi2 input mode 1 : Port Pi2 output mode 0 : Port Pi3 input mode 1 : Port Pi3 output mode 0 : Port Pi4 input mode 1 : Port Pi4 output mode 0 : Port Pi5 input mode 1 : Port Pi5 output mode 0 : Port Pi6 input mode 1 : Port Pi6 output mode 0 : Port Pi7 input mode 1 : Port Pi7 output mode At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port Pi direction register 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fig. 2.1.5 Structure of port Pi (i = 1, 3 to 7, 9, A) direction register 2-4 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.1 I/O port Port P8 direction register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P8 direction register (P8D: address 1116) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port P8 direction register 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 : Port P80 input mode 1 : Port P80 output mode 0 : Port P81 input mode 1 : Port P81 output mode 0 : Port P82 input mode 1 : Port P82 output mode 0 : Port P83 input mode 1 : Port P83 output mode Nothing is arranged for these bits. When these bits are read out, the contents are undefined. Fig. 2.1.6 Structure of port P8 direction register Port PB direction register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port PB direction register (PBD: address 1716) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port PB direction register 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 : Port PB0 input mode 1 : Port PB0 output mode 0 : Port PB1 input mode 1 : Port PB1 output mode 0 : Port PB2 input mode 1 : Port PB2 output mode 0 : Port PB3 input mode 1 : Port PB3 output mode 0 : Port PB4 input mode 1 : Port PB4 output mode 0 : Port PB5 input mode 1 : Port PB5 output mode 0 : Port PB6 input mode 1 : Port PB6 output mode Nothing is arranged for this bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are undefined. ✕ ✕✕ Fig. 2.1.7 Structure of port PB direction register 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-5 APPLICATION 2.1 I/O port Pull-up control register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Pull-up control register 1 (PULL1: address 0EF016) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0: No pull-up 0 Ports P64, P65 1: Pull-up pull-up control 0: No pull-up 1 Ports P66, P67 1: Pull-up pull-up control 0: No pull-up 2 Ports P70, P71 1: Pull-up pull-up control 0: No pull-up 3 Ports P72, P73 pull-up control 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 4 Ports P74, P75 pull-up control 1: Pull-up Ports P76, P77 0: No pull-up 5 pull-up control 1: Pull-up 6 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are write disabled bits. When these bits are read 7 out, the contents are “0”. Note: The pin set to output port is cut off from pull-up control. Fig. 2.1.8 Structure of pull-up control register 1 Pull-up control register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Pull-up control register 2 (PULL2: address 0EF116) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 Ports P80, P81 pull- 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up up control Ports P82, P83 pull- 0: No pull-up 1 1: Pull-up up control 2 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 3 Ports P90, P91 pull- 0: No pull-up up control 1: Pull-up 4 Ports P92, P93 pull- 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up up control 5 Ports P94, P95 pull- 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up up control 6 Ports P96, P97 pull- 0: No pull-up up control 1: Pull-up Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write 7 disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 0 0 Note: The pin set to output port is cut off from pull-up control. Fig. 2.1.9 Structure of pull-up control register 2 2-6 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.1 I/O port Pull-up control register 3 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Pull-up control register 3 (PULL3: address 0EEF16) b Name Functions 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ports PA0, PA1 pull-up control 1 Ports PA2, PA3 pull-up control 2 Ports PA4, PA5 pull-up control 3 Ports PA6, PA7 pull-up control 4 Ports PB0, PB1 pull-up control 5 Ports PB2, PB3 pull-up control 6 Ports PB4, PB5 pull-up control 7 Ports PB6 pull-up control Note: The pin set to output port is cut off from pull-up control. Fig. 2.1.10 Structure of pull-up control register 3 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-7 APPLICATION 2.1 I/O port 2.1.3 Terminate unused pins Table 2.1.1 Termination of unused pins Pins Termination P0, P2 Open at “ H ” o utput state. P1, P3 – P5, P60– • S et to the input mode and connect each to V CC o r V SS t hrough a resistor of 1 k Ω t o P63 10 k Ω . • S et to the output mode and open at “ H ” o utput state. P64–P67, P7, P80– • S et to the input mode and connect each to V CC o r V SS t hrough a resistor of 1 k Ω t o P83, P9, PA, PB0– 10 k Ω . PB6 • S et to the output mode and open at “ L ” o r “ H ” o utput state. V REF Open. X OUT Open (only when using external clock). AV SS Connect to V SS ( GND). V EE Connect to V SS ( GND). CNV SS Connect to V SS t hrough a resistor of 1 k Ω t o 10 kΩ . 2-8 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.1 I/O port 2.1.4 Notes on I/O port (1) Notes in standby state In standby state ✽1 for low-power dissipation, do not make input levels of an input port and an I/O port “undefined”. Pull-up (connect the port to V CC) or pull-down (connect the port to V SS ) these ports through a resistor. When determining a resistance value, note the following points: • E xternal circuit • V ariation of output levels during the ordinary operation When using an optional built-in pull-up resistor, note on varied current values: • W hen setting as an input port : Fix its input level • When setting as an output port : Prevent current from flowing out to external q Reason The potential which is input to the input buffer in a microcomputer is unstable in the state that input levels of a input port and an I/O port are “ undefined ” . This may cause power source current. ✽1 standby state: stop mode by executing S TP i nstruction wait mode by executing W IT i nstruction (2) Modifying port latch of I/O port with bit managing instruction When the port latch of an I/O port is modified with the bit managing instruction ✽2, the value of the unspecified bit may be changed. q R eason The bit managing instructions are read-modify-write form instructions for reading and writing data by a byte unit. Accordingly, when these instructions are executed on a bit of the port latch of an I/O port, the following is executed to all bits of the port latch. • As for bit which is set for input port: The pin state is read in the CPU, and is written to this bit after bit managing. • As for bit which is set for output port: The bit value is read in the CPU, and is written to this bit after bit managing. Note the following: •Even when a port which is set as an output port is changed for an input port, its port latch holds the output data. • As for a bit of which is set for an input port, its value may be changed even when not specified with a bit managing instruction in case where the pin state differs from its port latch contents. ✽2 Bit managing instructions: S EB a nd C LB i nstructions (3) Pull-up/Pull-down control When each port which has built-in pull-up/pull-down resistor is set to output port, pull-up/pull-down control of corresponding port becomes invalid. (Pull-up/pull-down cannot be set.) q R eason Pull-up/pull-down control is valid only when each direction register is set to the input mode. 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-9 APPLICATION 2.1 I/O port 2.1.5 Termination of unused pins (1) Terminate unused pins ➀ O utput ports : Open ➁ I nput ports : Connect each pin to V CC o r VSS t hrough each resistor of 1 k Ω t o 10 kΩ . As for pins whose potential affects to operation modes such as pin INT or others, select the VCC pin or the V SS p in according to their operation mode. ➂ I /O ports : • S et the I/O ports for the input mode and connect them to V CC o r VSS t hrough each resistor of 1 k Ω t o 10 k Ω . Ports that permit the selecting of a built-in pull-up resistor can also use this resistor. Set the I/O ports for the output mode and open them at “ L ” o r “ H ” . • W hen opening them in the output mode, the input mode of the initial status remains until the mode of the ports is switched over to the output mode by the program after reset. Thus, the potential at these pins is undefined and the power source current may increase in the input mode. With regard to an effects on the system, thoroughly perform system evaluation on the user side. • Since the direction register setup may be changed because of a program runaway or noise, set direction registers by program periodically to increase the reliability of program. (2) Termination remarks ➀ I nput ports and I/O ports : Do not open in the input mode. q R eason • T he power source current may increase depending on the first-stage circuit. • A n effect due to noise may be easily produced as compared with proper termination ➁ a nd ➂ s hown on the above. ➁ I /O ports : When setting for the input mode, do not connect to V CC o r V SS d irectly. q R eason If the direction register setup changes for the output mode because of a program runaway or noise, a short circuit may occur between a port and V CC ( or VSS ). ➂ I /O ports : When setting for the input mode, do not connect multiple ports in a lump to V CC o r VSS t hrough a resistor. q R eason If the direction register setup changes for the output mode because of a program runaway or noise, a short circuit may occur between ports. • At the termination of unused pins, perform wiring at the shortest possible distance (20 mm or less) from microcomputer pins. 2-10 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer 2.2 Timer This paragraph explains the registers setting method and the notes relevant to the timers. 2.2.1 Memory map 002016 002116 002216 002316 002416 002516 Timer 1 (T1) Timer 2 (T2) Timer 3 (T3) Timer 4 (T4) Timer 5 (T5) Timer 6 (T6) 002616 (PWM control register (PWMCON)) 002716 Timer 6 PWM register (T6PWM) 002816 002916 002A16 Timer 12 mode register (T12M) Timer 34 mode register (T34M) Timer 56 mode register (T56M) 002B16 (D-A conversion register (DA)) 002C16 Timer X (low-order) (TXL) 002D16 002E16 002F16 Timer X (high-order) (TXH) Timer X mode register 1 (TXM1) Timer X mode register 2 (TXM2) 003C16 003D16 003E16 003F16 Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) Interrupt c ntrol register 1 (ICON1) o Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) Fig. 2.2.1 Memory map of registers relevant to timers 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-11 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer 2.2.2 Relevant registers (1) 8-bit timer Timer i b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer i (i = 1, 3 to 6) (Ti: addresses 2016, 2216, 2316, 2416, 2516) b Functions At reset R W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 • Set timer i count value. 1 • The value set in this register is written to both 2 the timer i and the timer i latch at one time. 3 • When the timer i is read out, the count value 4 of the timer i is read out. 5 6 7 Fig. 2.2.2 Structure of Timer i (i=1, 3 to 6) Timer 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer 2 (T2: address 2116) b Functions At reset R W 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • Set timer 2 count value. 1 • The value set in this register is written to both 2 the timer 2 and the timer 2 latch at one time. 3 • When the timer 2 is read out, the count value 4 of the timer 2 is read out. 5 6 7 Fig. 2.2.3 Structure of Timer 2 Timer 6 PWM register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer 6 PWM register (T6PWM: address 2716) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Functions • In timer 6 PWM1 mode “L” level width of PWM rectangular waveform is set. • Duty of PWM rectangular waveform: n/(n + m) Period: (n + m) × ts n = timer 6 set value m = timer 6 PWM register set value ts = timer 6 count source period At n = 0, all PWM output “L”. At m = 0, all PWM output “H”. (However, n = 0 has priority.) • Selection of timer 6 PWM1 mode Set “1” to the timer 6 operation mode selection bit. At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Fig. 2.2.4 Structure of Timer 6 PWM register 2-12 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Timer 12 mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer 12 mode register (T12M: address 2816) b Name Functions 0: Count operation 1: Count stop 0: Count operation 1: Count stop b3 b2 At reset R W 0 0 0 0 Timer 1 count stop bit 1 Timer 2 count stop bit 2 Timer 1 count source selection 3 bits 4 Timer 2 count source selection bits 5 0 0: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1: f(XCIN) 1 0: f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 1 1: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 b5 b4 0 0: Timer 1 underflow 0 1: f(XCIN) 1 0: External count input CNTR0 1 1: Not available 0: I/O port 6 Timer 1 output selection bit (P75) 1: Timer 1 output 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.2.5 Structure of Timer 12 mode register Timer 34 mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer 34 mode register (T34M: address 2916) b Name Functions 0: Count operation 1: Count stop 0: Count operation 1: Count stop b3 b2 At reset R W 0 0 0 0 Timer 3 count stop bit 1 Timer 4 count stop bit 2 Timer 3 count source selection 3 bits 4 Timer 4 count source selection bits 5 0 0: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1: Timer 2 underflow 1 0: f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 1 1: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 b5 b4 0 0: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1: Timer 3 underflow 1 0: External count input CNTR1 1 1: Not available 0: I/O port 6 Timer 3 output selection bit (P76) 1: Timer 3 output 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.2.6 Structure of Timer 34 mode register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-13 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Timer 56 mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer 56 mode register (T56M: address 2A16) b Name Functions 0: Count operation 1: Count stop 0: Count operation 1: Count stop 0: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 1: Timer 4 underflow 0: Timer mode 1: PWM mode b5 b4 At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Timer 5 count stop bit 1 Timer 6 count stop bit Timer 5 count 2 source selection bit 3 Timer 6 operation mode selection bit 4 Timer 6 count source selection 5 bits 6 Timer 6 (PWM) output selection bit (P74) 0 0: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1: Timer 5 underflow 1 0: Timer 4 underflow 1 1: Not available 0: I/O port 1: Timer 6 output 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 Fig. 2.2.7 Structure of Timer 56 mode register 2-14 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer (2) 16-bit timer Timer X (low-order, high-order) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer X (low-order, high-order) (TXL, TXH: addresses 2C16, 2D16) b Functions At reset R W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 • Set timer X count value. 1 • When the timer X write control bit of the timer X mode register 1 is “0”, the value is written to 2 timer X and the latch at one time. 3 When the timer X write control bit of the timer X mode register 1 is “1”, the value is written 4 only to the latch. 5 • The timer X count value is read out by reading 6 this register. 7 Notes 1: When reading and writing, perform them to both the highorder and low-order bytes. 2: Read both registers in order of TXH and TXL following. 3: Write both registers in order of TXL and TXH following. 4: Do not read both registers during a write, and do not write to both registers during a read. Fig. 2.2.8 Structure of Timer X (low-order, high-order) 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-15 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Timer X mode register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer X mode register 1 (TXM1: address 2E16) b Name Functions 0 : Write value in latch and counter 1 : Write value in latch only At reset R W 0 0 Timer X write control bit b2 b1 1 Timer X count 0 0: f(XIN)/2 or f(XCIN)/4 source selection bits 0 1: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 1 0: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 2 1 1: Not available 3 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 4 Timer X operating mode bits 5 b5 b4 0 0 0 : Timer mode 0 1 : Pulse output mode 1 0 : Event counter mode 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode 0 6 CNTR2 active edge 0 : •Start from “H” output in pulse output mode switch bit •Count at rising edge in event counter mode •Measure “H” pulse width in pulse width measurement mode 1 : •Start from “L” output in pulse output mode •Count at falling edge in event counter mode •Measure “L” pulse width in pulse width measurement mode 7 Timer X stop control bit 0 : Count operating 1 : Count stop 0 0 Fig. 2.2.9 Structure of Timer X mode register 1 2-16 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Timer X mode register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer X mode register 2 (TXM2: address 2F16) b Name bit (P94) Functions 0: Real time port function is invalid 1: Real time port function is valid 0: Real time port function is invalid 1: Real time port function is valid 0: “L” output 1: “H” output 0: “L” output 1: “H” output At reset R W 0 0 Real time port control 1 Real time port control bit (P95) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 P94 data for real time port 3 P95 data for real time port 4 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are 5 write disabled bits. When these bits are read 6 out, the contents are “0”. 7 Fig. 2.2.10 Structure of Timer X mode register 2 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-17 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer (3) 8-bit timer, 16-bit timer Interrupt request register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1 : address 3C16) b Name Functions 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued At reset R W 0 ✽ 0 INT0 interrupt request bit 1 INT1/serial I/O3 0 : No interrupt request interrupt request bit issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 2 INT2 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request request bit issued Remote controller 1 : Interrupt request issued /counter overflow interrupt request bit 3 Serial I/O1 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request issued request bit Serial I/O automatic 1 : Interrupt request issued transfer interrupt request bit 4 Timer X interrupt request bit 5 Timer 1 interrupt request bit 6 Timer 2 interrupt request bit 7 Timer 3 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ ✽: “0” can be set by software, but “1” cannot be set. Fig. 2.2.11 Structure of Interrupt request register 1 2-18 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Interrupt request register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2 : address 3D16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 ✽ ✽ ✽ ✽ ✽ 0 : No interrupt request issued 0 Timer 4 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 Timer 5 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit Timer 6 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request issued 2 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 3 Serial I/O2 receive 0 : No interrupt request issued interrupt request bit 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 4 INT3/Serial I/O2 1 : Interrupt request issued transmit interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 5 INT4 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit A-D converter interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 6 FLD blanking interrupt request bit 1 : Interrupt request issued FLD digit interrupt request bit 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. ✽: “0” can be set by software, but “1” cannot be set. 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 Fig. 2.2.12 Structure of Interrupt request register 2 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-19 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Interrupt control register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1 : address 3E16) b Name Functions 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled At reset R W 0 0 0 0 INT0 interrupt enable bit 1 INT1/serial I/O3 interrupt enable bit 2 INT2 interrupt enable bit Remote controller /counter overflow interrupt enable bit 3 Serial I/O1 interrupt enable bit Serial I/O automatic transfer interrupt enable bit Timer X interrupt 4 enable bit 5 Timer 1 interrupt enable bit 6 Timer 2 interrupt enable bit 7 Timer 3 interrupt enable bit 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.2.13 Structure of Interrupt control register 1 Interrupt control register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2 : address 3F16) b Name Functions 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 Timer 4 interrupt enable bit 1 Timer 5 interrupt enable bit Timer 6 interrupt 2 enable bit 3 Serial I/O2 receive interrupt enable bit 4 INT3/Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt enable bit 5 INT4 interrupt enable bit A-D converter interrupt enable bit 6 FLD blanking interrupt enable bit FLD digit interrupt enable bit 7 Fix “0” to this bit. 0 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 Fig. 2.2.14 Structure of Interrupt control register 2 2-20 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer 2.2.3 Timer application examples (1) Basic functions and uses [Function 1] Control of event interval (Timer 1 to Timer 6, Timer X: timer mode) When a certain time, by setting a count value to each timer, has passed, the timer interrupt request occurs. • Generating of an output signal timing • Generating of a wait time [Function 2] Control of cyclic operation (Timer 1 to Timer 6, Timer X: timer mode) The value of the timer latch is automatically written to the corresponding timer each time the timer underflows, and each timer interrupt request occurs in cycles. • Generating of cyclic interrupts • Clock function (measurement of 1 s); see “ (2) Timer application example 1 ” • Control of a main routine cycle [Function 3] Output of rectangular waveform (Timer 1, Timer 3, Timer 6, Timer X: pulse output mode) The output level of the T1OUT pin, T 3OUT pin, PWM1 pin or CNTR2 pin is inverted each time the timer underflows. • Piezoelectric buzzer output; see “ (3) Timer application example 2 ” • Generating of the remote control carrier waveforms [Function 4] Count of external pulses (Timer 2, Timer 4, Timer X: event counter mode) External pulses input to the CNTR0 p in, CNTR 1 p in, CNTR 2 p in are counted as the timer count source (in the event counter mode). • Frequency measurement; see “ (4) Timer application example 3 ” • Division of external pulses •Generating of interrupts due to a cycle using external pulses as the count source; count of a reel pulse [Function 5] Output of PWM signal (Timer 6) “ H ” i nterval and “ L ” i nterval are specified, respectively, and the output of pulses from P7 4/PWM 1 pin is repeated. • Control of electric volume [Function 6] Measurement of external pulse width (Timer X: pulse width measurement mode) The “ H ” o r “ L ” l evel width of external pulses input to CNTR 2 p in is measured. •Measurement of external pulse frequency (measurement of pulse width of FG pulse✽ for a motor); see “ (5) Timer application example 4 ” • Measurement of external pulse duty (when the frequency is fixed) FG pulse ✽: Pulse used for detecting the motor speed to control the motor speed. [Function 7] Control of real time port (Timer X: real time port function) The data for real time is output from the P94 p in or P9 5 p in each time the timer underflows. • Stepping motor control; see “ (6) Timer application example 5 ” 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-21 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer (2) Timer application example 1: Clock function (measurement of 1 s) Outline: The input clock is divided by the timer so that the clock can count up at 1 s intervals. Specifications: • The clock f(X IN) = 4.19 MHz (2 22 H z) is divided by the timer. • The timer 3 interrupt request bit is checked in main routine, and if the interrupt request is issued, the clock is counted up. • The timer 1 interrupt occurs every 244 µs to execute processing of other interrupts. Figure 2.2.15 shows the timers connection and setting of division ratios; Figure 2.2.16 shows the relevant registers setting; Figure 2.2.17 shows the control procedure. Timer 1 f(XIN) 4.19 MHz 1/16 1/64 Timer 2 1/256 Timer 3 1/16 Timer 3 interrupt request bit 0/1 1s 0/1 244 µ s Timer 1 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued Fig. 2.2.15 Timers connection and setting of division ratios 2-22 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Timer 12 mode register (address 2816) b7 b0 T12M 00001001 Timer 1 count: Stop; Clear to “0” when starting count. Timer 2 count: In progress Timer 1 count source: f(XIN)/16 Timer 2 count source: Timer 1’s underflow Timer 1 output selection: I/O port Timer 34 mode register (address 2916) b7 b0 T34M 00 01 0 Timer 3 count: In progress Timer 3 count source: Timer 2’s underflow Timer 3 output selection: I/O port Timer 1 (address 2016) b7 b0 T1 3F16 Timer 2 (address 2116) b7 b0 T2 FF16 Set “division ratio – 1”. [ T1 = 63 (3F16), T2 = 255 (FF16), T3 = 15 (0F16) ] Timer 3 (address 2216) b7 b0 T3 0F16 Interrupt control register 1 (address 3E16) b7 b0 ICON1 001 Timer 1 interrupt: Enabled Timer 2 interrupt: Disabled Timer 3 interrupt: Disabled Interrupt request register 1 (address 3C16) b7 b0 IREQ1 Timer 1 interrupt request (becomes “1” at 244 µs intervals) Timer 2 interrupt request Timer 3 interrupt request (becomes “1” at 1 s intervals) Fig. 2.2.16 Relevant registers setting 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-23 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SEI •All interrupts disabled (address 2816) (address 2916) (address 3C16) (address 3E16) (address 2016) (address 2116) (address 2216) (address 2816), bit0 000010012 00XX01X02 000XXXXX2 001XXXXX2 3F16 FF16 0F16 0 •Connection of Timers 1 to 3 •Setting of Interrupt request bits of Timers 1 to 3 to “0” •Timer 1 interrupt enabled, Timers 2 and 3 interrupts disabled T12M T34M IREQ1 ICON1 T1 T2 T3 T12M CLI IREQ1 (address 3C16), bit7 ..... ..... ..... ..... Clock is stopped ? N Y IREQ1 (address 3C16), bit7 ? 1 0 0 •Setting “Division ratio – 1” to Timers 1 to 3 •Timer count start •Interrupts enabled •Judgment whether time is not set or time is being set •Confirmation that 1 s has passed (Check of Timer 3 interrupt request bit) •Interrupt request bit cleared (Clear it by software when not using the interrupt.) ✽ Clock count up Second to Year •Clock count up Main processing (Note) T2 T3 IREQ1 (address 2116) (address 2216) (address 3C16), bit7 FF16 0 F1 6 0 •Adjust the main processing so that all processing in the loop ✽ will be processed within 1 s interval. Fig. 2.2.17 Control procedure ... .. •Set Timers again when starting clock from 0 s after end of clcok setting. The procedure is Timer 2 setting followed by Timer 3 setting. •Do not set Timer 1 again because Timer 1 is used to generate the interrupt at 244 µs intervals. Note : Perform proc edure f or end o f clock sett ing o nly when end of clock sett ing. 2-24 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer (3) Timer application example 2: Piezoelectric buzzer output Outline : The rectangular waveform output function of the timer is applied for a piezoelectric buzzer output. Specifications : •The rectangular waveform, dividing the clock f(XIN) = 4.19 MHz (2 22 Hz) into about 2 kHz (2048 Hz), is output from the P7 6/T3OUT p in. • The level of the P76/T 3OUT p in is fixed to “ H ” w hile a piezoelectric buzzer output stops. Figure 2.2.18 shows a peripheral circuit example, and Figure 2.2.19 shows the timers connection and setting of division ratios. Figure 2.2.20 shows the relevant registers setting, and Figure 2.2.21 shows the control procedure. The “H” level is output while a piezoelectric buzzer output stops. T3OUT output T3OUT 244 µs 244 µs Set a division ratio so that the underflow 38B7 Group output period of the timer 3 can be 244 µs. PiPiPi..... Fig. 2.2.18 Peripheral circuit example Timer 3 f(XIN) 4.19 MHz 1/16 1/64 Fixed 1/2 T3OUT Fig. 2.2.19 Timers connection and setting of division ratios 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-25 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Timer 34 mode register (address 2916) b7 b0 T34M 01 10 0 Timer 3 count: In progress Timer 3 count source: f(XIN)/16 Timer 3 output selection: Buzzer output in progress = “1” Buzzer output stopped = “0” Timer 3 (address 2216) b7 b0 T3 3F16 Set “division ratio – 1”; 63 (3F16). Interrupt control register 1 (address 3E16) b7 b0 ICON1 0 Timer 3 interrupt: Disabled Fig. 2.2.20 Relevant registers setting RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SEI P7D P7 ... .. ..... •All interrupts disabled 1 1 0 00XX10X02 3F16 •Port state setting at buzzer output stopped; “H” level output (address 0F16), bit6 (address 0E16), bit6 ICON1 (address 3E16), bit7 T34M (address 2916) T3 (address 2216) CLI ... .. •Timer 3 interrupt disabled •T3OUT output stopped; Buzzer output stopped •Interrupts enabled Main processing ..... Output unit Piezoelectric buzzer request ? Yes •Processing buzzer request, generated during main processing, in output unit No T34M T3 (address 2916), bit6 (address 2216) 0 3F16 T34M (address 2916), bit6 1 Stop of piezoelectric buzzer output Start of piezoelectric buzzer output Fig. 2.2.21 Control procedure 2-26 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer (4) Timer application example 3: Frequency measurement Outline: The following two values are compared to judge whether the frequency is within a valid range. • A value by counting pulses input to P8 2/CNTR 1 p in with the timer. • A reference value Specifications : • The pulse is input to the P8 2/CNTR1 p in and counted by the timer 4. ( Note 1) • A count value of timer 4 is read out at about 2 ms intervals, the timer 1 interrupt interval. When the count value is 28 to 40, it is judged that the input pulse is valid. •Because the timer is a down-counter, the count value is compared with 227 to 215 ( Note 2). Notes 1: I n the mask option type P, use the CNTR 0 p in and timer 2. 2: 227 to 215 = {255 (initial value of counter) – 28} to {255 – 40}; 28 to 40 means the number of valid value. Figure 2.2.22 shows the judgment method of valid/invalid of input pulses; Figure 2.2.23 shows the relevant registers setting; Figure 2.2.24 shows the control procedure. Input pulse @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ 71.4 µs or more (14 kHz or less) 71.4 µs (14 kHz) 50 µs (20 kHz) 50 µs or less (20 kHz or more) Invalid 2 ms = 28 counts 71.4 µs Valid 2 ms 50 µs Invalid = 40 counts Fig. 2.2.22 Judgment method of valid/invalid of input pulses 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-27 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Timer 12 mode register (address 2816) b7 b0 T12M 00 10 1 Timer 1 count: Stop; Clear to “0” when starting count. Timer 1 count source: f(XIN)/16 Timer 1 output selection: I/O port Timer 34 mode register (address 2916) b7 b0 T34M 0 10 0 Timer 4 count: In progress Timer 4 count source: External count input CNTR1 Timer 1 (address 2016) b7 b0 T1 3F16 Set “division ratio – 1”; 63 (3F16). Timer 4 (address 2316) b7 b0 T4 FF16 Set 255 (FF16) just before counting pulses. (After a certain time has passed, the number of input pulses is decreased from this value.) Interrupt control register 1 (address 3E16) b7 b0 ICON1 1 Timer 1 interrupt: Enabled Interrupt control register 2 (address 3F16) b7 b0 ICON2 0 Timer 4 interrupt: Disabled Interrupt request register 2 (address 3D16) b7 b0 IREQ2 0 Timer 4 interrupt request ( “1” of this bit when reading the count value indicates the 256 or more pulses input in the condition of Timer 4 = 255) Fig. 2.2.23 Relevant registers setting 2-28 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrary. Initialization SEI T12M (address 2816) (address 2016) T1 T34M (address 2916) (address 2316) T4 ICON1 (address 3E16),bit5 ICON2 (address 3F16),bit0 T12M (address 2816), bit0 CLI ..... ..... 0 ..... 00XX10X12 3F16 0X10XX0X2 FF16 1 0 •All interrupts disabled •Set div ision rat io s o that Timer 1 inte rrupt will oc cur at 244 µs interv als . •External pulses input from CNTR1 pin selected as Timer 4’s count source •Setting Timer 4 count value •Timer 1 interrupt enabled •Timer 4 interrupt disabled •Timer 1 count start •Interrupts enabled Timer 1 interrupt process routine 1/8 •Set so that pulse judgment process will be performed once each time Timer 1 interrupt occurs 8 times, at 2 ms intervals. CLT (Note 1) CLD (Note 2) Push registers to stack Note 1: When using Index X mode flag (T) Note 2: When using Decimal mode flag (D) •Pushing registers used in interrupt process routine 1 IREQ2 (address 3D16), bit0 ? •Processing as out of range when the count value is 256 or more (A) T4 (address 2316) •Count value read •Storing count value into Accumulator (A) 214 < (A) < 228 In range •Compare the read value with reference value. •Store the comparison result to flag Fpulse. Fpulse 1 Out of range Fpulse 0 T4 (address 2316) IREQ2 (address 3D16), bit0 FF16 0 •Initialization of counter value •Timer 4 interrupt request bit cleared Process judgment result Pop registers •Popping registers pushed to stack RTI Fig. 2.2.24 Control procedure 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-29 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer (5) Timer application example 4: Measurement of FG pulse width for motor Outline: The timer X counts the “H” level width of the pulses input to the P8 3/CNTR 0/CNTR 2 pin. An underflow is detected by the timer X interrupt and an end of the input pulse “ H ” l evel is detected by the timer 2 interrupt of which count source is the input to P83/CNTR0/CNTR2 pin. Specifications: • The timer X counts the “ H ” l evel width of the FG pulse input to the P8 3/CNTR 0/ CNTR2 p in. When f(X IN) = 4.19 MHz, the count source is 15.2 µs, which is obtained by dividing the clock frequency by 64. Measurement can be made up to 1 s in the range of FFFF16 t o 0000 16 . Figure 2.2.25 shows the timers connection and setting of division ratio; Figure 2.2.26 shows the relevant registers setting; Figure 2.2.27 shows the control procedure. Timer X count source selection bit f(XIN) = 4.19 MHz 1/64 Timer X 1/65536 Timer X interrupt request bit 0/1 1s Fig. 2.2.25 Timers connection and setting of division ratios 2-30 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Port P8 direction register (address 1116) b7 b0 P8D 0 P83/CNTR0/CNTR2: Input mode Timer X mode register 1 (address 2E16) b7 b0 TXM1 1011 100 Write value in latch and counter Timer X count source: f(XIN)/64 Timer X operating mode: Pulse width measurement mode CNTR2 active edge: Measuring “H” pulse width in pulse width measurement mode Timer X count: Stop; Clear to “0” when starting count. Timer X mode register 2 (address 2F16) b7 b0 TXM2 00 Real time port function (P94): Invalid Real time port function (P95): Invalid Timer X (low-order) (address 2C16) b7 b0 TXL FF16 Timer X (high-order) (address 2D16) b7 b0 Set “65535 (FFFF16)” before stat of pulse width measurement. TXH FF16 Interrupt edge selection register (address 3A16) b7 b0 INTEDGE 1 CNTR0 pin edge: Falling edge count Timer 12 mode register (address 2816) b7 b0 T12M 0 10 0 Timer 2 count: Stop Timer 2 count source: External count input CNTR0 Timer 2 (address 2116) b7 b0 T2 Set “0”. Timer 2 interrupt request occurs due to falling edge input to CNTR0 pin. Interrupt control register 1 (address 3E16) 0 b7 b0 ICON1 1 1 Timer X interrupt: Enabled Timer 2 interrupt: Enabled Interrupt request register 1 (address 3C16) b7 b0 IREQ1 Timer X interrupt request (becomes “1” when Timer X underflows) Timer 2 interrupt request (becomes “1” when “H” level input ends) Fig. 2.2.26 Relevant registers setting 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-31 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrary. Initialization SEI P8D (address 1116),bit3 TXM1 (address 2E16) TXM2 (address 2F16) TXL (address 2C16) TXH (address 2D16) INTEDGE (address 3A16),bit6 T12M (address 2816) T2 (address 2116) ICON1 (address 3E16) ..... TXM1 T12M ..... CLI (address 2E16),bit7 (address 2816),bit1 0 0 ..... 0 1011X1002 XXXXXX002 FF16 FF16 1 0X10XX1X2 0 XXXX1X1X2 •All interrupts disabled •Sett ing P83/CNTR0/CNTR2 pin to input mode •Timer X: Pulse width measurement mode (Measuring “H” pulse width of input pulses from CNTR2 pin) •Setting Timer X count value •CNTR0 pin edge: Falling edge count •External pulses input from CNTR0 pin selected as Timer 2’s count source •Setting “0” to Timer 2 •Timers X and 2 interrupts: Enabled •Timers X and 2 count start •Interrupts enabled Timer X interrupt process routine (Note 1) CLT (Note 2) CLD (Note 3) Push registers to stack Notes 1: Timer X interrupt also occurs owing to factors other than measurement level.(CNTR2 input = “L” in this application) Process it by software as error proccesing is performed for measurement level as necessary . CNTR2 input level can be checked by reading the contents of sharing port P83 register. 2: When using Index X mode flag (T) 3: When using Decimal mode flag (D) •Pus hing regist ers us ed in int errupt pro cess routine Error processing Pop registers •Popping registers pushed to stack RTI Fig. 2.2.27 Control procedure 2-32 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Timer 2 interrupt process routine (Note 1) CLT (Note 2) CLD (Note 3) Push registers to stack Notes 2: When using Index X mode flag (T) 3: When using Decimal mode flag (D) •Pushing r eg isters used in interru pt p rocess routine (A) Measurement result (high-order 8 bits) (A) Measurement result (low-order 8 bits) TXL (address 2C16) TXH (address 2D16) TXH (A) TXL (A) FF16 FF16 •Count value read and storing it to RAM Pop registers •Popping registers pushed to stack RTI Note 1: The first value becomes invalid depending on start timing of Time X count shown by the following figure. Process it by software as necessary. [ Example 1] • Start Timer X count when CNTR2 input level is “L”. (CNTR2 input level can be checked by reading the contents of sharing port P83 register. FFFF16 T1 T2 000016 T1 value: Valid CNTR2 Count start of Timer X T2 value: Valid Timer 2 interrupt Timer 2 interrupt [ Example 2] • Start Timer X count when CNTR2 input level is “H”. Invalidate the first Timer 2 interrupt after start of Timer X count. FFFF16 T1 T2 000016 T1 value: Invalid CNTR2 Count start of Timer 2 interrupt Timer X Timer 2 interrupt T2 value: Valid 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-33 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer (6) Timer application example 5: Control of stepping motor Outline: The rotating of stepping motor is controlled by using real time output ports. Specifications: •The motor is controlled by using 2 real time output ports. •The count source is f(X IN) = 4.19 MHz divided by 8. •Values of Timer X and real time output are updated in the timer X interrupt routine Figure 2.2.28 shows the timers connection and the table example of timer X/RTP setting values; Figure 2.2.29 shows the RTP output example; Figure 2.2.30 shows the relevant registers setting; Figure 2.2.31 shows the control procedure. RTP P94 TXL TXH Timer X table TXM2 RTP table RTP P95 Motor 38B7 group Timer X setting table example RTP Timer X value output time 2FD016 T1 2B7116 T2 208116 T3 186916 T4 13C916 T5 13A916 T6 122116 T7 11C116 T8 RTP setting table example RTP value RTP output pattern TXM2,b2 TXM2,b3 (1) 0 0 (2) 0 1 (3) 1 0 (4) 1 1 RTP: Real Time Port Fig. 2.2.28 Timers connection and table example of timer X/RTP setting values T1 RTP output time T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 RTP P94 RTP P95 RTP output pattern ( 1) RTP output pattern ( 2) RTP output pattern (3) RTP output pattern (4) (1) (2) (3) (4) RTP: Real Time Port Fig. 2.2.29 RTP output example 2-34 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.2 Timer Timer X mode register 1 (address 2E16) b7 b0 TXM1 1 00 010 Write value in latch and counter Timer X count source: f(XIN)/8 Timer X operating mode: Timer mode Timer X count: Stop; Clear to “0” when starting count. Timer X mode register 2 (address 2F16) b7 b0 TXM2 11 Real time port function (P94): Valid Real time port function (P95): Valid P94 data for real time port P94 data for real time port Timer X (low-order) (address 2C16) b7 b0 TXL Timer X (high-order) (address 2D16) b7 b0 Update the value from the table each time Timer X underflows. (When accelerating or reducing speed.) TXH Interrupt control register 1 (address 3E16) b7 b0 ICON1 1 Timer X interrupt: Enabled Fig. 2.2.30 Relevant registers setting 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-35 APPLICATION 2.2 Timer RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrary. Initialization SEI TXM1 TXM2 TXL TXH IREQ1 ICON1 ..... TXM1 (address 2E16), bit7 CLI ..... Main processing ..... Timer X interrupt process routine CLT (Note 1) CLD (Note 2) Push registers to stack Transfer the next underflow time of Timer X from internal ROM table and store it to TXL (address 2C16) and TXH (address 2D16) Transfer RTP output data from internal ROM table next underflow of Timer X and store it to bits 2 and 3 of TXM2 (address 2 F1 6 ) Pop registers RTI 0 ..... (address 2E16) (address 2F16) (address 2C16) (address 2D16) (address 3C16),bit4 (address 3E16),bit4 1X00X0102 XXXX00112 D016 2F16 0 1 •All interrupts disabled •Setting Timer X •Setting RTP function, “002” data from table •Setting Timer X initial value, “2FD016” data from table •Timer X interrupt request cleared •Timer X interrupt enabled •Timer X count start •Interrupts enabled RTP: Real Time Port Notes 1: When using Index X mode flag (T) 2: When using Decimal mode flag (D) •Pushing registers used in interrupt process routine •Popping registers pushed to stack Fig. 2.2.31 Control procedure 2-36 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3 Serial I/O This paragraph explains the registers setting method and the notes relevant to the serial I/O. 2.3.1 Memory map 001816 Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer (SIO1DP) 001916 Serial I/O1 control register 1 (SIO1CON1,SC11) 001A16 Serial I/O1 control register 2 (SIO1CON2,SC12) 001B16 Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter (SIO1) 001C16 Serial I/O1 control register 3 (SIO1CON3,SC13) 001D16 Serial I/O2 control register (SIO2CON) 001E16 Serial I/O2 status register (SIO2STS) 001F16 Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register (TB/RB) 003716 Baud rate generator (BRG) 003816 UART control register (UARTCON) 003916 Interrupt source switch register (IFR) 003C16 Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) 003D16 Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) 003E16 Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) 003F16 Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) 0EEC16 Serial I/O3 control register (SIO3CON) 0EED16 Serial I/O3 register (SIO3) Fig. 2.3.1 Memory map of registers relevant to Serial I/O 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-37 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.2 Relevant registers (1) Serial I/O1 Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer (SIO1DP: address 1816) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 • Indicates the low-order 8 bits (0016 to FF16) of 1 the address storing the start data on the serial 2 I/O automatic transfer RAM. 3 • Data is written into the latch and read from the 4 decrement counter. 5 6 7 Fig. 2.3.2 Structure of Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer 2-38 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Serial I/O1 control register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 control register 1 (SIO1CON1•SC11: address 1916) b Name b1b0 Functions 0 0: Serial I/O disabled (Pins PB0–PB6 pins are I/O ports.) 0 1: 8-bit serial I/O 1 0: Not available 1 1: Automatic transfer serial I/O (8 bits) b3b2 At reset R W 0 0 Serial transfer selection bits 1 0 2 Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bits (PB3/SSTB1 pin control bits) 3 0 0: Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is I/O port.) 0 1: External synchronous clock (PB3 pin is I/O port.) 1 0: Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is SSTB1 output.) 1 1: Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is SSTB1 output.) 0 0 4 Serial I/O initialization bit 5 Transfer mode selection bit 0: Serial I/O initialization 1: Serial I/O enabled 0: Full-duplex (transmit/receive) mode (PB6 pin is SIN1 input.) 1: Transmit-only mode (PB6 pin is I/O port.) 0: LSB first 1: MSB first 0 0 6 Transfer direction selection bit 0 7 Serial I/O1 clock pin 0: SCLK11 (PB0/SCLK12 pin selection bit is I/O port.) 1: SCLK12 (PB4/SCLK11 pin is I/O port.) 0 Fig. 2.3.3 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 1 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-39 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Serial I/O1 control register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 control register 2 (SIO1CON2 • SC12: address 1A16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 PB1/SRDY1 • PB2/SBUSY1 pin control bits b3b2b1b0 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 0 0: PB1, PB2 pins are I/O ports. 0 0 0 1: Not used 0 0 1 0: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is I/O port. 0 0 1 1: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is I/O port. 0 1 0 0: PB1 pin is I/O port; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. 0 1 0 1: PB1 pin is I/O port; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. 0 1 1 0: PB1 pin is I/O port; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 0 1 1 1: PB1 pin is I/O port; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 1 0 0 0: PB1 pin is SRDY1 input; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 1 0 0 1: PB1 pin is SRDY1 input; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 1 0 1 0: PB1 pin is SRDY1 input; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 1 0 1 1: PB1 pin is SRDY1 input; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 1 1 0 0: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. 1 1 0 1: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. 1 1 1 0: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. 1 1 1 1: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. SBUSY1 output • 0: Functions as signal for SSTB1 output each 1-byte function selection bit 1: Functions as signal for (Valid in serial I/O1 each transfer data set automatic transfer mode) Serial transfer 0: Serial transfer status flag completed 1: Serial transfer inprogress 0 0 0 0 0 6 SOUT1 pin control 0: Output active bit (when serial data 1: Output high-impedance is not transferred) 7 PB5/SOUT1 P-channel 0: CMOS 3 state (Poutput disable bit channel output is valid.) 1: N-channel open-drain output (P-channel output is invalid.) 0 0 Fig. 2.3.4 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 2 2-40 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter (SIO1: address 1B16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 •In 8-bit serial I/O mode: Serial I/O1 register 1 2 •At function as serial I/O1 Undefined register: This register becomes the shift register to perform Undefined serial transmit/reception. •In automatic transfer Set transmit data to this serial I/O mode: register. Transfer counter Undefined The serial transfer is started by writing the transmit data. •At function as transfer counter: Set (transfer byte number – 1) to this register. When selecting an internal clock, the automatic transfer is started by writing the transmit data. (When selecting an external clock, after writing a value to this register, wait for 5 or more cycles of the internal system clock before inputting the transfer clock to the SCLK1 pin.) 3 4 Undefined Undefined 5 Undefined 6 7 Undefined Undefined Fig. 2.3.5 Structure of Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-41 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Serial I/O1 control register 3 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 control register 3 (SIO1CON3 • SC13: address 1C16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Automatic transfer b4b3b2b1b0 2 cycles of 0 0 0 0 0: interval set bits transfer clock (valid only when 0 0 0 0 1: 3 cycles of 1 selecting internal transfer clock synchronous clock) to 1 1 1 1 0: 32 cycles of 2 transfer clock 1 1 1 1 1: 33 cycles of 3 transfer clock 4 5 Internal synchronous clock selection bits Data is written into the latch and read from the decrement counter. b7b6b5 6 7 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/8 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1 0 : f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 0 1 1 : f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN)/64 1 0 0 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 1 0 1 : f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/256 1 1 0 : f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/512 1 1 1 : Not used 0 0 Fig. 2.3.6 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 3 2-42 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (2) Serial I/O2 Baud rate generator b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Baud rate generator (BRG: address 3716) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 • Bit rate of the serial transfer is determined. • This is the 8-bit counter and has the reload 1 register. The count source is divided by n+1 owing to 2 specifying a value n. 3 4 5 6 7 Fig. 2.3.7 Structure of Baud rate generator UART control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 UART control register (UARTCON: address 3816) b Name Functions 0: 8 bits 1: 7 bits 0: Parity checking disabled 1: Parity checking enabled 0: Even parity 1: Odd parity 0: 1 stop bit 1: 2 stop bits 0: CMOS output (in output mode) 1: N-channel open-drain output (in output mode) At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 Character length selection bit (CHAS) 1 Parity enable bit (PARE) 2 Parity selection bit (PARS) 3 Stop bit length selection bit (STPS) 4 P65/TxD P-channel output disable bit (POFF) 5 BRG clock switch bit 0: XIN or XCIN/2 (depending on internal system clock) 1: XCIN 6 Serial I/O2 clock 0: SCLK21 (P67/SCLK22 pin is used as I/O port or SRDY2 I/O pin selection bit output pin.) 1: SCLK22 (P66/SCLK21 pin is used as I/O port.) 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “1”. 0 0 1 Fig. 2.3.8 Structure of UART control register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-43 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Serial I/O2 control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O2 control register (SIO2CON: address 1D16) b Name Functions 0: f(XIN) or f(XCIN)/2 or f(XCIN) 1: f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/4 •In clock synchronous mode 0: BRG output/4 1: External clock input •In UART mode 0: BRG output/16 1: External clock input/16 0: P67 pin operates as normal I/O pin 1: P67 pin operates as SRDY2 output pin At reset R W 0 0 BRG count source selection bit (CSS) 1 Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit (SCS) 0 2 SRDY2 output enable bit (SRDY) 0 0: When transmit buffer 3 Transmit interrupt source selection bit has emptied (TIC) 1: When transmit shift operation is completed 4 Transmit enable bit (TE) 5 Receive enable bit (RE) 6 Serial I/O2 mode selection bit (SIOM) 0: Transmit disabled 1: Transmit enabled 0: Receive disabled 1: Receive enabled 0: Clock asynchronous serial I/O (UART) mode 1: Clock synchronous serial I/O mode 0: Serial I/O2 disabled (pins P64–P67 operate as normal I/O pins) 1: Serial I/O2 enabled (pins P64–P67 operate as serial I/O pins) 0 0 0 0 7 Serial I/O2 enable bit (SIOE) 0 Fig. 2.3.9 Structure of Serial I/O2 control register 2-44 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Serial I/O2 status register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O2 status register (SIO2STS: address 1E16) b Name Functions 0: Buffer full 1: Buffer empty 0: Buffer empty 1: Buffer full 0: Transmit shift in progress 1: Transmit shift completed At reset R W 0 0 0 0 Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) 1 Receive buffer full flag (RBF) 2 Transmit shift register shift completion flag (TSC) 3 Overrun error flag (OE) Parity error flag 4 (PE) 0: No error 1: Overrun error 0: No error 1: Parity error 5 Framing error flag 0: No error 1: Framing error (FE) 6 Summing error flag 0: (OE) U (PE) U (FE) = 0 (SE) 1: (OE) U (PE) U (FE) = 1 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “1”. 0 0 0 0 1 Fig. 2.3.10 Structure of Serial I/O2 status register Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register (TB/RB: address 1F16) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 This is the buffer register which is used to write transmit data or to read receive data. 1 • At write : The value is written to the transmit buffer register. The value cannot be 2 written to the receive buffer register. 3 • At read : The contents of the receive buffer register is read out. When a 4 character bit length is 7 bits, the 5 MSB of data stored in the receive buffer is “0”. The contents of the 6 transmit buffer register cannot be 7 read out. Fig. 2.3.11 Structure of Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-45 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (3) Serial I/O3 Serial I/O3 control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O3 control register (SIO3CON: address 0EEC16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 Internal synchronous b2b1b0 clock selection bits 000: f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/8 001: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 010: f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 1 011: f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN)/64 110: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 2 111: f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/256 3 Serial I/O3 port selection bit (P91, P92) 4 5 6 7 0: I/O port 1: SOUT3, SCLK3 signal output 0: I/O port SRDY3 output 1: SRDY3 signal output selection bit (P93) 0: LSB first Transfer direction 1: MSB first selection bit Synchronous clock 0: External clock selection bit 1: Internal clock P91/SOUT3 0: CMOS output (in output P-channel output mode) disable bit (P91) 1: N-channel open drain output (in output mode) 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.3.12 Structure of Serial I/O3 control register Serial I/O3 register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O3 register (SIO3: address 0EED16) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined This is the I/O 0 •In 8-bit serialbuffer register which is used to write transmit data or to read receive data. 1 mode: Serial I/O1 register 2 When selecting an internal clock, the serial 3 transfer is started by writing this register. 4 •In automatic transfer serial I/O mode: 5 Transfer counter 6 7 Fig. 2.3.13 Structure of Serial I/O3 register 2-46 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (4) Serial I/O1 and Serial I/O2 Interrupt source switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt source switch register (IFR: address 3916) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 INT3/serial I/O2 transmit interrupt switch bit 0: INT3 intrrupt 1: Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt 0: INT4 interrupt 1 INT4/A-D conversion interrupt 1: A-D conversion intrerrupt switch bit 0: INT1 intrrupt 2 INT1/serial I/O3 interrupt switch bit 1: Serial I/O3 interrupt 3 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are write 4 disabled bits. When these bits are read out, the contents are “0”. 5 6 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.3.14 Structure of Interrupt source switch register Interrupt request register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1 : address 3C16) b Name Functions 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued At reset R W 0 ✽ 0 INT0 interrupt request bit 1 INT1/serial I/O3 0 : No interrupt request interrupt request bit issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 2 INT2 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request request bit issued Remote controller 1 : Interrupt request issued /counter overflow interrupt request bit 3 Serial I/O1 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request issued request bit Serial I/O automatic 1 : Interrupt request issued transfer interrupt request bit 4 Timer X interrupt request bit 5 Timer 1 interrupt request bit 6 Timer 2 interrupt request bit 7 Timer 3 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ ✽: “0” can be set by software, but “1” cannot be set. Fig. 2.3.15 Structure of Interrupt request register 1 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-47 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Interrupt request register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2 : address 3D16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 ✽ ✽ ✽ ✽ ✽ 0 : No interrupt request issued 0 Timer 4 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 Timer 5 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit Timer 6 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request issued 2 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 3 Serial I/O2 receive 0 : No interrupt request issued interrupt request bit 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 4 INT3/Serial I/O2 1 : Interrupt request issued transmit interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 5 INT4 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit A-D converter interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 6 FLD blanking interrupt request bit 1 : Interrupt request issued FLD digit interrupt request bit 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. ✽: “0” can be set by software, but “1” cannot be set. 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 Fig. 2.3.16 Structure of Interrupt request register 2 2-48 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Interrupt control register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1 : address 3E16) b Name Functions 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled At reset R W 0 0 0 0 INT0 interrupt enable bit 1 INT1/serial I/O3 interrupt enable bit 2 INT2 interrupt enable bit Remote controller /counter overflow interrupt enable bit 3 Serial I/O1 interrupt enable bit Serial I/O automatic transfer interrupt enable bit 4 Timer X interrupt enable bit 5 Timer 1 interrupt enable bit 6 Timer 2 interrupt enable bit 7 Timer 3 interrupt enable bit 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.3.17 Structure of Interrupt control register 1 Interrupt control register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2 : address 3F16) b Name Functions 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 Timer 4 interrupt enable bit 1 Timer 5 interrupt enable bit 2 Timer 6 interrupt enable bit 3 Serial I/O2 receive interrupt enable bit 4 INT3/Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt enable bit 5 INT4 interrupt enable bit A-D converter interrupt enable bit 6 FLD blanking interrupt enable bit FLD digit interrupt enable bit 7 Fix “0” to this bit. 0 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 Fig. 2.3.18 Structure of Interrupt control register 2 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-49 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.3 Serial I/O1 connection examples (1) Control of peripheral IC equipped with CS pin Figure 2.3.19 shows connection examples with peripheral ICs equipped with the CS pin. All examples can use the automatic transfer function. (1) Only transmission (Using SIN1 pin as I/O port) SBUSY1 SCLK11 SOUT1 CS CLK DATA Peripheral IC (OSD controller etc.) (2) Transmission and reception SBUSY1 SCLK11 SOUT1 SIN1 38B7 group CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC (EEPROM etc.) 38B7 group (3) Transmission and reception (When connecting SIN1 with SOUT1) (When connecting IN with OUT in peripheral IC) SBUSY1 SCLK11 SOUT1 SIN1 38B7 group✽1 CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC ✽2 (EEPROM etc.) (4) Connection of plural IC Port SCLK11 SOUT1 SIN1 Port 38B7 group CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC 2 CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC 1 ✽1: Select an N-channel open-drain output for SOUT1 pin output control. ✽2: Use the OUT pin of peripheral IC which is an Nchannel open-drain output and becomes high impedance during receiving data. Note: “Port” means an output port controlled by software. Fig. 2.3.19 Serial I/O1 connection examples (1) 2-50 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (2) Connection with microcomputer Figure 2.3.20 shows connection examples with another microcomputer. (1) Selecting internal clock SCLK11 SOUT1 SIN1 38B7 group CLK IN OUT Microcomputer (2) Selecting external clock SCLK11 SOUT1 SIN1 38B7 group CLK IN OUT Microcomputer (3) Using SRDY1 signal output function (Selecting external clock) SRDY1 SCLK11 SOUT1 SIN1 38B7 group RDY CLK IN OUT Microcomputer (4) Using switch function of CLK signal output pins, SCLK12 (Selecting internal clock) SCLK11 SOUT1 SIN1 SCLK12 Port 38B7 group CLK IN OUT CS Peripheral IC Microcomputer CLK IN OUT Fig. 2.3.20 Serial I/O1 connection examples (2) 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-51 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.4 Serial I/O1’s modes Figure 2.3.21 shows the serial I/O1’s modes. Output SRDY1 ✽ signal Input SRDY1 ✽ signal (Note) Used handshake signal Output SBUSY1 ✽ signal Input SBUSY1 ✽ signal Internal clock Not used handshake signal Output SSTB1 ✽ signal Full duplex mode Serial I/O1 Transmit only mode 8-bit serial I/O Automatic transfer serial I/O Output SRDY1 ✽ signal Used handshake signal Input SRDY1 ✽ signal (Note) Output SBUSY1 ✽ signal Input SBUSY1 ✽ signal External clock Not used handshake signal Note: This is only valid when outputting the SBUSY1 signal. ✽ Active logic can apply to each signal of SRDY1, SBUSY1, SSTB1. Fig. 2.3.21 Serial I/O1’s modes 2-52 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.5 Serial I/O1 application examples (1) Output of serial data (control of peripheral IC) Outline : Serial communication is performed, connecting ports with the CS pin of a peripheral IC. Figure 2.3.22 shows a connection diagram, and Figure 2.3.23 shows a timing chart. PB1 PB4/SCLK11 PB5/SOUT1 CS CLK DATA CS CLK DATA 38B7 group Peripheral IC Fig. 2.3.22 Connection diagram Specifications : • Use of serial I/O1 (Not using automatic transfer function) • Synchronous clock frequency : 131 kHz (f(X IN) = 4.19 MHz is divided by 32) • Transfer direction : LSB first • Not use of serial I/O1 interrupt • Port PB 1 is connected to the CS pin (“L” active) of the peripheral IC for transmission control; the output level of port PB 1 i s controlled by software. CS CLK DATA DO0 DO1 DO2 DO3 Fig. 2.3.23 Timing chart 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-53 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Figure 2.3.24 shows the registers setting relevant to the transmission side, and Figure 2.3.25 shows the setting of transmission data. Serial I/O1 control register 1 (address 001916) SIO1CON1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 (SC11) 8-bit serial I/O Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is an I/O port.) Serial I/O initialization Transmit-only mode LSB first Serial I/O1 clock pin: SCLK11 Serial I/O1 control register 2 (address 001A16) SIO1CON2 (SC12) 00 0000 Pins PB1 and PB2 of I/O ports SOUT1 pin: Output active PB5/SOUT1: CMOS 3-state (P-channel output is valid.) Serial I/O1 control register 3 (address 001C16) SIO1CON3 0 1 1 (SC13) Internal synchronous clock: f(XIN)/32 Port PB (address 001616) PB 1 Set PB1 output level to “H” Port PB direction register (address 001716) PBD 1 Set PB1 to output mode Fig. 2.3.24 Registers setting relevant to transmission side Serial I/O1 register (001B16) SIO1 Set a transmission data. Confirm that transmission of the previous data is completed, where bit 5, the serial transfer status flag of the serial I/O1 control register 2, is “0”; before writing data. Fig. 2.3.25 Setting of transmission data 2-54 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Control procedure: When the registers are set as shown in Figure 2.3.24, the serial I/O1 can transmit 1-byte data by writing data to the serial I/O1 register. Thus, after setting the CS signal to “L”, write the transmission data to the serial I/O1 register by each 1 byte; and return the CS signal to “ H ” w hen the target number of bytes has been transmitted. Figure 2.3.26 shows a control procedure. RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SC11 (address 001916) SC12 (address 001A16) SC13 (address 001C16) PB (address 001616), bit1 PBD (address 001716), bit1 SC11 (address 001916), bit4 ..... PB (address 001616), bit1 0 CS signal output level to “L” setting SIO1 (address 001B16) Transmission data Transmission data write (Start of 1-byte data transmission) SIO1CON2 (address 001A16), bit5 ? 0 N Use any of RAM area as a counter for counting the number of transmitted bytes. Judgment of completion of transmitting the target number of bytes 1 Judgment of completion of transmitting 1-byte data All data have been transmitted ? Y PB (address 001616), bit1 1 Returning CS signal output level to “H” when transmission of the target number of bytes is completed ..... 001000012 00XX00002 011XXXXX2 1 1 1 Serial I/O1 setting CS signal output level to “H” setting CS signal output port setting Enabled serial I/O1 Fig. 2.3.26 Control procedure 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-55 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (2) Transmission/Reception using automatic transfer Outline: Serial transmission/reception control is performed, using the serial automatic transfer function. Figure 2.3.27 shows a connection diagram, and Figure 2.3.28 shows a timing chart of serial data transmission/reception. PB4/SCLK11 PB5/SOUT1 PB6/SIN1 38B7 group Fig. 2.3.27 Connection diagram Specifications: • • • • • • CLK IN OUT Sub microcomputer U se of serial I/O1 using automatic transfer function S ynchronous clock frequency: 131 kHz (f(X IN) = 4.19 MHz is divided by 32.) T ransfer direction: LSB first T ransmission/reception byte number: 8 bytes/block each T ransfer interval for 1-byte: 244 µs (32 cycles of transfer clock) N ot use of serial I/O1 automatic transfer interrupt Figure 2.3.29 shows the relevant registers setting, and Figure 2.3.30 shows the control procedure. . 1 block CLK OUT DO0 DO1 DO2 DO7 DO0 DO1 IN DI0 DI1 DI2 DI7 DI0 DI1 Block period is controlled by software. (Synchronize it with the main routine.) Fig. 2.3.28 Timing chart of serial data transmission/reception 2-56 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Serial I/O1 control register 1 (address 001916) SIO1CON1 (SC11) 00000011 Automatic transfer serial I/O (8 bits) Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is an I/O port.) Serial I/O initialization Full duplex mode LSB first Serial I/O1 clock pin: SCLK11 Serial I/O1 control register 2 (address 001A16) SIO1CON2 0 0 (SC12) 0000 Pins PB1 and PB2 of I/O ports SOUT1 pin: Output active PB5/SOUT1: CMOS 3-state Serial I/O1 control register 3 (address 001C16) SIO1CON3 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 (SC13) Automatic transfer interval set bits: 32 cycles of transfer clock Internal synchronous clock: f(XIN)/32 Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer (address 001816) SIO1DP 0716 Set low-order 8 bits of address 0F0716 (=0716) Transfer counter (address 001B16) SIO1 0716 Set the number of transfer bytes – 1 = 7 (Automatic transfer starts by writing to this register when selecting an internal synchronous clock.) Automatic transfer RAM of serial I/O (addresses 0F0016 to 0FFF16) SIORAM 0F0016 0F0116 Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer 0F0616 0F0716 0716 DO7 DO6 Transfer counter 0716 DO1 DO0 0F0616 0F0716 DI1 DI0 0F0016 0F0116 DI7 DI6 Automatic transfer executed The area of addresses 0F0816 to 0FFF16, which is not used as automatic transfer, can be used as normal RAM. Fig. 2.3.29 Relevant registers setting 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-57 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SC11 (address 001916) SC12 (address 001A16) SC13 (address 001C16) SIO1DP (address 001816) SC11 (address 001916), bit4 Automatic transfer RAM of serial I/O (addresses 0F0016 to 0F0716) Received data RAM Main processing Fig. 2.3.30 Control procedure ..... 000000112 00XX00002 011111102 0716 1 Serial I/O1 initial setting Setting of automatic transfer function Enabled serial I/O1 ..... The time to control main routine period has passed ? N Generating certain period timing using timer’s functions (Control so that main routine will be executed at certain period.) Y Transmitted data RAM 1-block data, 8 bytes, to be transmitted set in RAM SIO1 (address 001B16) 8–1 Number of transferred count set causing automatic transfer start (Set the number of transfer bytes – 1.) Possible to process others during automatic transfer (Perform part of main processing.) 1 SIO1CON2 (address 001A16), bit5 ? 0 Automatic transfer RAM of serial I/O (addresses 0F0016 to 0F0716) Taking received data into RAM for processing Judgment of completion of automatic transfer Processing data taken into received data RAM and preparing next transmission data in main routine 38B7 Group User’s Manual 2-58 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.6 Serial I/O2 connection examples (1) Control of peripheral IC equipped with CS pin Figure 2.3.31 shows connection examples with peripheral ICs equipped with the CS pin. (1) Only transmission (Using RxD pin as I/O port) Port SCLK21 TxD CS CLK DATA Peripheral IC (OSD controller etc.) (2) Transmission and reception Port SCLK21 TxD RxD CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC (EEPROM etc.) 38B7 group 38B7 group (3) Transmission and reception (When connecting RxD with TxD) (When connecting IN with OUT in peripheral IC) Port SCLK21 TxD RxD 38B7 group ✽1 CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC ✽2 (EEPROM etc.) (4) Connection of plural IC Port SCLK21 TxD RxD Port 38B7 group CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC 2 CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC 1 ✽1: Select an N-channel open-drain output for TxD pin output control. ✽2: Use the OUT pin of peripheral IC which is an Nchannel open-drain output and becomes high impedance during receiving data. Note: “Port” means an output port controlled by software. Fig. 2.3.31 Serial I/O2 connection examples (1) 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-59 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (2) Connection with microcomputer Figure 2.3.32 shows connection examples with another microcomputer. (1) Selecting internal clock SCLK21 TxD RxD 38B7 group CLK IN OUT Microcomputer (2) Selecting external clock SCLK21 TxD RxD 38B7 group CLK IN OUT Microcomputer (3) Using SRDY2 signal output function (Selecting external clock) SRDY2 SCLK21 TxD RxD 38B7 group RDY CLK IN OUT Microcomputer (4) Using switch function of CLK signal output pins, SCLK22, (Selecting internal clock) SCLK21 TxD RxD SCLK22 Port 38B7 group CLK IN OUT CS Microcomputer CLK IN OUT (5) In UART Peripheral IC RxD TxD Microcomputer TxD RxD 38B7 group Fig. 2.3.32 Serial I/O2 connection examples (2) 2-60 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.7 Serial I/O2’s modes A clock synchronous or clock asynchronous (UART) can be selected for the serial I/O2. Figure 2.3.33 shows the serial I/O2’s modes, and Figure 2.3.34 shows the serial I/O2 transfer data format. Internal clock Clock synchronous serial I/O External clock Serial I/O2 Not output SRDY2 signal Output SRDY2 signal Clock asynchronous serial I/O (UART) Fig. 2.3.33 Serial I/O2’s modes Clock synchronous serial I/O 1ST-8DATA-1SP ST LSB MSB SP 1ST-7DATA-1SP Serial I/O2 ST LSB MSB SP 1ST-8DATA-1PAR-1SP ST LSB MSB PAR SP 1ST-7DATA-1PAR-1SP ST UART LSB MSB PAR SP 1ST-8DATA-2SP ST LSB MSB 2SP 1ST-7DATA-2SP ST LSB MSB 2SP 1ST-8DATA-1PAR-2SP ST LSB MSB PAR 2SP 1ST-7DATA-1PAR-2SP ST LSB MSB PAR 2SP Fig. 2.3.34 Serial I/O2 transfer data format 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-61 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.8 Serial I/O2 application examples (1) Communication (transmission/reception) using clock synchronous serial I/O Outline : 2-byte data is transmitted and received, using the clock synchronous serial I/O. The S RDY2 s ignal is used for communication control. Figure 2.3.35 shows a connection diagram, and Figure 2.3.36 shows a timing chart. P70/INT0 SCLK21 TxD SRDY2 SCLK21 RxD 38B7 group Fig. 2.3.35 Connection diagram Specifications : • • • • 38B7 group Use of serial I/O2 in clock synchronous serial I/O Synchronous clock frequency : 125 kHz (f(XIN ) = 4 MHz is divided by 32) Use of SRDY2 ( receivable signal) The reception side outputs the SRDY2 signal at intervals of 2 ms (generated by the timer), and 2-byte data is transferred from the transmission side to the reception side. SRDY2 … SCLK21 … TxD D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0 D1 … 2 ms Fig. 2.3.36 Timing chart 2-62 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Figure 2.3.37 shows the registers setting relevant to the transmission side, and Figure 2.3.38 shows the registers setting relevant to the reception side. Transmission side Serial I/O2 status register (address 001E16) SIO2STS Transmit buffer empty flag • Confirm that the data has been transferred from Transmit buffer register to Transmit shift register. • When this flag is “1”, it is possible to write the next transmission data in to Transmit buffer register. Transmit shift register shift completion flag Confirm completion of transmitting 1-byte data with this flag. “1” : Transmit shift completed Serial I/O2 control register (address 001D16) SIO2CON 11 01 000 BRG count source: f(XIN) Synchronous clock: BRG/4 SRDY2 output not used Transmit enabled Receive disabled Clock synchronous serial I/O Serial I/O2 enabled UART control register (address 003816) UARTCON 000 P65/TxD pin: CMOS output BRG clock: f(XIN) Serial I/O2 clock: SCLK21 Baud rate generator (address 003716) BRG 0716 Set “division ratio – 1” Interrupt edge selection register (address 003A16) INTEDGE 0 INT0 falling edge active Fig. 2.3.37 Registers setting relevant to transmission side 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-63 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Reception side Serial I/O2 status register (address 001E16) SIO2STS Receive buffer full flag Confirm completion of receiving 1-byte data with this flag. “1” : at completing reception “0” : at reading out contents of Receive buffer register Overrun error flag “1” : When data is ready in Receive shift register while Receive buffer register contains the data. Serial I/O2 control register (address 001D16) SIO2CON 1111 11 Synchronous clock: External clock input SRDY2 output enabled Transmit enabled When using SRDY2 output, set this bit to “1”. Receive disabled Clock synchronous serial I/O Serial I/O2 enabled UART control register (address 003816) UARTCON Serial I/O2 clock: SCLK21 Fig. 2.3.38 Registers setting relevant to reception side 2-64 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Figure 2.3.39 shows a control procedure of the transmission side, and Figure 2.3.40 shows a control procedure of the reception side. RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization ..... SIO2CON (address 001D16) UARTCON (address 003816) BRG (address 003716) INTEDGE (address 003A16), bit0 1101X0002 X000XXXX2 8–1 0 • Serial I/O2 setting IREQ1 (address 003C16), bit0 TB/RB (address 001F16) TB/RB (address 001F16) Fig. 2.3.39 Control procedure of transmission side ..... IREQ1 (address 003C16), bit0 ? 1 0 0 • Detection of INT0 falling edge The first byte of a transmission data • Transmission data write Transmit buffer empty flag is set to “0” by this writing. SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit0 ? 1 The second byte of a transmission data • Transmission data write Transmit buffer empty flag is set to “0” by this writing. 0 • Judgment of transferring from Transmit buffer register to Transmit shift register (Transmit buffer empty flag) SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit0 ? 1 0 • Judgment of transferring from Transmit buffer register to Transmit shift register (Transmit buffer empty flag) SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit2 ? 1 0 • Judgment of shift completion of Transmit shift register (Transmit shift register shift completion flag) 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-65 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SIO2CON (address 001D16) UARTCON (address 003816), bit6 TB/RB (address 001F16) Fig. 2.3.40 Control procedure of reception side ..... 1111X11X2 0 • Serial I/O2 setting ..... 2ms has passed ? 1 Dummy data 0 • An interval of 2 ms generated by Timer. • SRDY2 output SRDY2 signal is output by writing data to the TB/RB. When using SRDY2, set Transmit enable bit (bit4) of SIO2CON to “1.” 0 • Judgment of completion of receiving (Receive buffer full flag) SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit1 ? 1 Read out reception data from TB/RB (address 001F16) • Reception of the first byte data. Receive buffer full flag is set to “0” by reading data. SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit1 ? 1 Read out reception data from TB/RB (address 001F16) • Reception of the second byte data. Receive buffer full flag is set to “0” by reading data. 0 • Judgment of completion of receiving (Receive buffer full flag) 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-66 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (2) Output of serial data (control of peripheral IC) Outline : Serial communication is performed, connecting port P77 with the CS pin of a peripheral IC. Figure 2.3.41 shows a connection diagram, and Figure 2.3.42 shows a timing chart. P77 SCLK21 TxD CS CLK DATA CS CLK DATA 38B7 group Peripheral IC Fig. 2.3.41 Connection diagram Specifications : • Use of serial I/O2 in clock synchronous serial I/O • Synchronous clock frequency : 125 kHz (f(X IN) = 4 MHz is divided by 32) • Transfer direction : LSB first • Not use of receive/transmit interrupts of serial I/O2 • Port P77 is connected with the CS pin (“L” active) of the peripheral IC for transmission control; the output level of port P7 7 i s controlled by software. CS CLK DATA DO0 DO1 DO2 DO3 Fig. 2.3.42 Timing chart 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-67 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Figure 2.3.43 shows the relevant registers setting and Figure 2.3.44 shows the setting of transmission data. Serial I/O2 control register (address 001D16) SIO2CON 11011000 BRG count source: f(XIN) Synchronous clock: BRG/4 SRDY2 output not used Transmit interrupt source: When transmit shift operation is completed Transmit enabled Receive disabled Clock synchronous serial I/O Serial I/O2 enabled UART control register (address 003816) UARTCON 000 P65/TxD pin: CMOS output BRG clock: f(XIN) Serial I/O2 clock: SCLK21 Baud rate generator (address 003716) BRG 0716 Set “division ratio – 1” Interrupt control register 2 (address 003F16) ICON2 0 0 INT3/Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt: Disabled Interrupt request register 2 (address 003D16) IREQ2 0 INT3/serial I/O2 transmit interrupt request cleared Confirm transmission completion of 1-byte unit. Fig. 2.3.43 Relevant registers setting Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register (001F16) TB/RB Set a transmission data. Confirm that transmission of the previous data is completed, where bit 4, the INT3/serial I/O2 transmit interrupt request bit of the interrupt request register 2, is “1”; before writing data. Fig. 2.3.44 Setting of transmission data 2-68 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Figure 2.3.45 shows a control procedure. RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SIO2CON (address 001D16) UARTCON (address 003816) BRG (address 003716) ICON2 (address 003F16), bit4 P7 (address 000E16), bit7 P7D (address 000F16), bit7 P7 (address 000E16), bit7 IREQ2 (address 003D16), bit4 TB/RB (address 001F16) ..... 110110002 X000XXXX2 8– 1 0 1 1 Serial I/O2 setting INT3/Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt: Disabled CS signal output level to “H” setting CS signal output port setting ..... CS signal output level to “L” setting INT3/Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt request bit to “0” setting Transmission data Transmission data write (Start of 1-byte data transmission) IREQ2 (address 003D16), bit4 ? 1 N All data has been transmitted ? Y P7 (address000E16), bit7 1 Returning CS signal output level to “H” when transmission of the target number of bytes is completed Use any of RAM area as a counter for counting the number of transmitted bytes. Judgment of completion of transmitting the target number of bytes 0 Judgment of completion of transmitting 1-byte data Fig. 2.3.45 Control procedure 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-69 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (3) Cyclic transmission or reception of block data (data of specified number of bytes) between two microcomputers Outline : When the clock synchronous serial I/O is used for communication, synchronization of the clock and the data between the transmitting and receiving sides may be lost because of noise included in the synchronous clock. It is necessary to correct that constantly, using “heading adjustment”. This “heading adjustment” is carried out by using the interval between blocks in this example. Figure 2.3.46 shows a connection diagram. SCLK21 R XD T XD 38B7 group Master unit SCLK21 T XD R XD 38B7 group Slave unit Fig. 2.3.46 Connection diagram Specifications: • • • • • • • • • Use of serial I/O2 in clock synchronous serial I/O Synchronous clock frequency : 131 kHz (f(X IN) = 4.19 MHz is divided by 32.) Byte cycle: 488 µs Number of bytes for transmission or reception : 8 bytes/block each Block transfer cycle : 16 ms Block transfer term : 3.5 ms Interval between blocks : 12.5 ms Heading adjustment time : 8 ms Transfer direction : LSB first Limitations of the specifications: • Reading of the reception data and setting of the next transmission data must be completed within the time obtained from “byte cycle – time for transferring 1-byte data” (in this example, the time taken from generating of the serial I/O2 receive interrupt request to input of the next synchronous clock is 431 µs). • “Heading adjustment time < interval between blocks” must be satisfied. 2-70 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O The communication is performed according to the timing shown in Figure 2.3.47. In the slave unit, when a synchronous clock is not input within a certain time (heading adjusment time), the next clock input is processed as the beginning (heading) of a block. When a clock is input again after one block (8 bytes) is received, the clock is ignored. Figure 2.3.48 shows the relevant registers setting in the master unit and Figure 2.3.49 shows the relevant registers setting in the slave unit. D0 D1 D2 D7 D0 Byte cycle Block transfer term Block transfer cycle Heading adjustment time Interval between blocks Processing for heading adjustment Fig. 2.3.47 Timing chart Master unit Serial I/O2 control register (address 001D16) SIO2CON 11 111 000 BRG count source : f(XIN) Synchronous clock : BRG/4 SRDY2 output disabled Transmit interrupt source : Transmit shift operating completion Transmit enabled Receive enabled Clock synchronous serial I/O Serial I/O2 enabled UART control register (address 003816) UARTCON 000 P65/TxD pin: CMOS output BRG clock: f(XIN) Serial I/O2 clock: SCLK21 Baud rate generator (address 003716) 0716 Set “division ratio – 1” Fig. 2.3.48 Relevant registers setting in master unit 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-71 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Slave unit Serial I/O2 control register (address 001D16) SIO2CON 11 11 01 Synchronous clock : External clock SRDY2 output disabled Transmit enabled Receive enabled Clock synchronous serial I/O Serial I/O2 enabled UART control register (address 003816) UARTCON 0 0 P65/TxD pin: CMOS output Serial I/O2 clock: SCLK21 Fig. 2.3.49 Relevant registers setting in slave unit 2-72 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Control procedure by software: q Control in the master unit After setting the relevant registers shown in Figure 2.3.48, the master unit starts transmission or reception of 1-byte data by writing transmission data to the serial I/O2 transmit buffer register. To perform the communication in the timing shown in Figure 2.3.47, take the timing into account and write transmission data. Additionally, read out the reception data when the serial I/O2 transmit interrupt request bit is set to “1,” or before the next transmission data is written to the serial I/O2 transmit buffer register. Figure 2.3.50 shows a control procedure of the master unit using timer interrupts. Interrupt processing routine executed every 500 µs CLT ( Note 1 ) CLD ( Note 2 ) Push register to stack q Note 1: When using the Index X mode flag (T). Note 2: When using the Decimal mode flag (D). Pushing the register used in the interrupt processing routine into the stack q Within a block transfer period? Y N Generating a certain block interval by using a timer or other functions q Read a reception data Count a block interval counter Check of the block interval counter and determination to start a block transfer Complete to transfer a block? N Write a transmission data Y Start a block transfer? Y Write the first transmission data (first byte) in a block N Pop registers q Popping registers which is pushed to stack RTI Fig. 2.3.50 Control procedure of master unit 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-73 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O q Control in the slave unit After setting the relevant registers as shown in Figure 2.3.49, the slave unit becomes the state where a synchronous clock can be received at any time, and the serial I/O2 receive interrupt request bit is set to “ 1 ” e ach time an 8-bit synchronous clock is received. In the serial I/O2 receive interrupt processing routine, the data to be transmitted next is written to the transmit buffer register after the received data is read out. However, if no serial I/O2 receive interrupt occurs for a certain time (heading adjustment time or more), the following processing will be performed. 1. The first 1-byte data of the transmission data in the block is written into the transmit buffer register. 2. The data to be received next is processed as the first 1 byte of the received data in the block. Figure 2.3.51 shows a control procedure of the slave unit using the serial I/O2 receive interrupt and any timer interrupt (for heading adjustment). Serial I/O2 receive interrupt processing routine Timer interrupt processing routine CLT ( Note 1 ) CLD ( Note 2 ) Push register to stack q q Within a block transfer term? Y Read a reception data N Pushing the register used in the interrupt processing routine into the stack Confirmation of the received byte counter to judge the block transfer term CLT ( Note 1) CLD ( Note 2) Push register to stack q Pushing the register used in the interrupt processing routine into the stack. Heading adjustment counter – 1 Heading adjustment counter = 0? Y N A received byte counter +1 Write the first transmission data (first byte) in a block A received byte counter ≥ 8? Y N A received byte counter 0 Pop registers Write a transmission data Write dummy data (FF 16) RTI Heading adjustment counter Initial value (Note 3) q Popping registers which is pushed to stack Pop registers q Popping registers which is pushed to stack Notes 1: When using the Index X mode flag (T). 2: When using the Decimal mode flag (D). 3: In this example, set the value which is equal to the heading adjustment time divided by the timer interrupt cycle as the initial value of the heading adjustment counter. For example: When the heading adjustment time is 8 ms and the timer interrupt cycle is 1 ms, set 8 as the initial value. RTI Fig. 2.3.51 Control procedure of slave unit 2-74 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (4) Communication (transmission/reception) using asynchronous serial I/O (UART) Outline : 2-byte data is transmitted and received, using the asynchronous serial I/O. Port P7 6 i s used for communication control. Figure 2.3.52 shows a connection diagram, and Figure 2.3.53 shows a timing chart. Transmission side P76 Reception side P76 T XD RXD 38B7 group 38B7 group Fig. 2.3.52 Connection diagram Specifications : • Use of serial I/O2 in UART • Transfer bit rate : 9600 bps (f(XIN) = 3.6864 MHz is divided by 384) • Data format : 1ST-8DADA-2ST • Communication control using port P76 (The output level of port P76 i s controlled by softoware.) • 2-byte data is transferred from the transmission side to the receiption side at intervals of 10 ms generated by the timer. P76 T XD ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 SP(2) ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 SP(2) S T D0 10 ms Fig. 2.3.53 Timing chart 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-75 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Table 2.3.1 shows setting examples of the baud rate generator (BRG) values and transfer bit rate values. Table 2.3.1 Setting examples of baud rate generator values and transfer bit rate values Transfer bit rate (Note 1 ) 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 76800 31250 62500 f(XIN) = 3.6864 MHz BRG count BRG setting source ( Note 2) value f(XIN)/4 95(5F16 ) f(XIN)/4 f(XIN)/4 f(XIN)/4 f(XIN)/4 f(XIN)/4 f(XIN) f(XIN) — — 47(2F16 ) 23(17 16 ) 11(0B16 ) 5(0516 ) 2(0216 ) 5(0516 ) 2(0216 ) — — Actual rate 600.00 1200.00 2400.00 4800.00 9600.00 19200.00 38400.00 76800.00 — — f(X IN) = 4 MHz BRG count BRG setting source ( Note 2) value f(X IN)/4 103(6716 ) f(X IN)/4 f(X IN)/4 f(X IN)/4 f(XIN) f(XIN) f(XIN) f(XIN) f(XIN) f(XIN) 51(33 16 ) 25(19 16 ) 12(0C16 ) 25(19 16 ) 12(0C16 ) 5(0516 ) 2(0216 ) 7(0716 ) 3(0316 ) Actual rate 600.96 1201.92 2403.85 4807.69 9615.38 19230.77 41666.67 83333.33 31250.00 62500.00 Notes 1: E quation of transfer bit rate: Transfer bit rate (bps) = f(XIN) (BRG setting value + 1) ✕ 16 ✕ m✽ ✽m: When bit 0 of the serial I/O2 control register (address 001D 16 ) is set to “ 0 ” , a value of m is 1. When bit 0 of the serial I/O2 control register is set to “ 1 ” , a value of m is 4. 2: S elect the BRG count source with bit 0 of the serial I/O2 control register (address 001D 16). 2-76 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Figure 2.3.54 shows the registers setting relevant to the transmission side; Figure 2.3.55 shows the registers setting relevant to the reception side. Transmission side Serial I/O2 status register (address 001E16) b7 b0 SIO2STS Transmit buffer empty flag • Confirm that tha data has been transferred from Transmit buffer register to Transmit shift register. • When this flag is “1”, it is possible to write the next transmission data in to Transmit buffer register. Transmit shift register shift completion flag Confirm completion of transmitting 1-byte data with this flag. “1” : Transmit shift completed Serial I/O2 control register (address 001D16) b7 b0 SIO2CON 1 0 0 1 001 BRG count source : f(XIN)/4 Serial I/O2 synchronous clock BRG/16 SRDY2 output disabled Transmit enabled Receive disabled Asynchronous serial I/O (UART) Serial I/O2 enabled UART control register (address 003816) b7 b0 UARTCON 001 00 Character length 8 bits Parity checking disabled Stop bit length : 2 stop bits P65/TXD pin : CMOS output BRG clock : f(XIN) Baud rate generator (address 003716) b7 b0 B RG 0516 Set f(XIN) Transfer bit rate ✕16 ✕ m ✽ –1 ✽ When bit 0 of SIO2CON (address 001D16) is set to “0”, a value of m is 1. When bit 0 of SIO2CON is set to “1”, a value of m is 4. Fig. 2.3.54 Registers setting relevant to transmission side 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-77 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Reception side Serial I/O2 status register (address 001E16) b7 b0 SIO2STS Receive buffer full flag Confirm completion of receiving 1-byte data with this flag. “1” : at completing reception “0” : at reading out contents of Receive buffer register Overrun error flag “1” : When data is ready in Receive shift register while Receive buffer register contains the data. Parity error flag “1” : When a parity error occurs in enabled parity. Framing error flag “1” : When stop bits cannot be detected at the specified timing. Summing error flag “1” : when any one of the following errors occurs. • Overrun error • Parity error • Framing error Serial I/O2 control register (address 001D16) b7 b0 SIO2CON 1010 001 BRG count source : f(XIN)/4 Serial I/O synchronous clock : BRG/16 SRDY2 output disabled Transmit disabled Receive enabled Asynchronous serial I/O (UART) Serial I/O2 enabled UART control register (address 003816) b7 b0 UARTCON 0 1 00 Character length 8 bits Parity checking disabled Stop bit length : 2 stop bits BRG clock: f(XIN) Baud rate generator (address 003716) b7 b0 BRG 0516 Set f(XIN) Transfer bit rate ✕ 16 ✕ m ✽ –1 ✽ When bit 0 of SIO2CON (address 001D16) is set to “0”, a value of m is 1. When bit 0 of SIO2CON is set to “1”, a value of m is 4. Fig. 2.3.55 Registers setting relevant to reception side 2-78 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Figure 2.3.56 shows a control procedure of the transmission side, and Figure 2.3.57 shows a control procedure of the reception side. RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization 1001X0012 SIO2CON (address 001D16) XX001X002 UARTCON (address 003816) 6–1 (address 003716) BRG 0 (address 000E16), bit6 P7 1 (address 000F16), bit6 P7D ..... ..... • Serial I/O2 setting • Port P76 set for communication control 10 ms has passed ? Y P7 (address 000E16), bit6 1 N • An interval of 10 ms generated by Timer • Communication start • Transmission data write Transmit buffer empty flag is set to “0” by this writing. 0 • Judgment of transferring data from Transmit buffer register to Transmit shift register (Transmit buffer empty flag) TB/RB (address 001F16) The first byte of a transmission data SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit0? 1 TB/RB (address 001F16) The second byte of a transmission data • Transmission data write Transmit buffer empty flag is set to “0” by this writing. • Judgment of transferring data from Transmit buffer register to Transmit shift register (Transmit buffer empty flag) SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit0? 1 0 SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit2? 1 0 • Judgment of shift completion of Transmit shift register (Transmit shift register shift completion flag) P7 (address 000E16), bit6 0 • Communication completion Fig. 2.3.56 Control procedure of transmission side 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-79 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SIO2CON (address 001D16) 1010X0012 UARTCON (address 003816) XX0X1X002 BRG (address 003716) 6–1 P7D (address 000F16), bit6 0 ..... • Serial I/O2 setting • Port P76 setting for communication control SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit1? 1 0 • Judgment of completion of receiving (Receive buffer full flag) • Reception of the first byte data Receive buffer full flag is set to “0” by reading data. Read out a reception data from TB/RB (address 001F16) SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit6? 0 1 • Judgment of an error flag SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit1? 1 0 • Judgment of completion of receiving (Receive buffer full flag) • Reception of the second byte data Receive buffer full flag is set to “0” by reading data. Read out a reception data from TB/RB (address 001F16) SIO2STS (address 001E16), bit0? 0 1 • Judgment of an error flag Processing for error 1 P7 (address 000E16), bit6? 0 SIO2CON (address 001D16) SIO2CON (address 001D16) 0000X0012 1010X0012 • Countermeasure for a bit slippage Fig. 2.3.57 Control procedure of reception side 2-80 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.9 Serial I/O3 connection examples (1) Control of peripheral IC equipped with CS pin Figure 2.3.58 shows connection examples with peripheral ICs equipped with the CS pin. (1) Only transmission (Using SIN3 pin as I/O port) Port SCLK3 SOUT3 CS CLK DATA Peripheral IC (OSD controller etc.) (2) Transmission and reception Port SCLK3 SOUT3 SIN3 CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC (EEPROM etc.) 38B7 group 38B7 group (3) Transmission and reception (When connecting SIN3 with SOUT3) (When connecting IN with OUT in peripheral IC) Port SCLK3 SOUT3 SIN3 38B7 group✽1 CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC ✽2 (EEPROM etc.) (4) Connection of plural IC Port SCLK3 SOUT3 SIN3 Port 38B7 group CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC 2 CS CLK IN OUT Peripheral IC 1 ✽1: Select an N-channel open-drain output for SOUT3 pin output control. ✽2: Use the OUT pin of peripheral IC which is an Nchannel open-drain output and becomes high impedance during receiving data. Note: “Port” means an output port controlled by software. Fig. 2.3.58 Serial I/O3 connection examples (1) 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-81 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (2) Connection with microcomputer Figure 2.3.59 shows connection examples with another microcomputer. (1) Selecting internal clock SCLK3 SOUT3 SIN3 38B7 group CLK IN OUT Microcomputer (2) Selecting external clock SCLK3 SOUT3 SIN3 38B7 group CLK IN OUT Microcomputer (3) Using SRDY3 signal output function (Selecting external clock) SRDY3 SCLK3 SOUT3 SIN3 38B7 group RDY CLK IN OUT Microcomputer Fig. 2.3.59 Serial I/O3 connection examples (2) 2-82 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.10 Serial I/O3’s modes Figure 2.3.60 shows the serial I/O3’s modes. Internal clock Serial I/O3 Output SRDY3 signal External clock No output SRDY3 signal Fig. 2.3.60 Serial I/O3’s modes 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-83 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.11 Serial I/O3 application examples (1) Output of serial data (control of peripheral IC) Outline : Serial communication is performed, connecting ports with the CS pin of a peripheral IC. Figure 2.3.61 shows a connection diagram, and Figure 2.3.62 shows a timing chart. PB1 P92/SCLK3 P91/SOUT3 CS CLK DATA CS CLK DATA 38B7 group Peripheral IC Fig. 2.3.61 Connection diagram Specifications : • Use of serial I/O3 • Synchronous clock frequency : 131 kHz (f(XIN) = 4.19 MHz is divided by 32) • Transfer direction : LSB first • Not use of serial I/O3 interrupt • Port PB1 is connected to the CS pin (“L” active) of the peripheral IC for transmission control; the output level of port PB1 i s controlled by software. CS CLK DATA DO0 DO1 DO2 DO3 Fig. 2.3.62 Timing chart 2-84 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Figure 2.3.63 shows the registers setting relevant to the transmission side, and Figure 2.3.64 shows the setting of transmission data. Serial I/O3 control register 1 (address 0EEC16) SIO3CON 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 Internal synchronous clock: f(XIN)/32 Ports P91 and P92: SOUT3 and SCLK3 signals output Port P93/SRDY3: I/O port LSB first Internal clock Port P91/SOUT3: CMOS output (in output mode) Port PB (address 001616) 1 Set PB1 output level to “H” Port PB direction register (address 001716) PBD 1 Set PB1 to output mode Fig. 2.3.63 Registers setting relevant to transmission side Serial I/O3 register (0EED16) SIO3 Set a transmission data. Confirm that transmission of the previous data is completed, where bit 1, the INT1/serial I/O3 interrupt request bit of the interrupt request register 1, is “1”; before writing data. Fig. 2.3.64 Setting of transmission data 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-85 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O Control procedure: When the registers are set as shown in Figure 2.3.65, the serial I/O3 can transmit 1-byte data by writing data to the serial I/O3 register. Thus, after setting the CS signal to “L”, write the transmission data to the serial I/O3 register by each 1 byte; and return the CS signal to “ H ” w hen the target number of bytes has been transmitted. Figure 2.3.65 shows a control procedure. RESET q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SIO3CON (address 0EEC16) PB (address 001616), bit1 PBD (address 001716), bit1 ..... ..... 010010112 1 1 Serial I/O3 setting CS signal output level to “H” setting CS signal output port setting PB (address 001616), bit1 0 CS signal output level to “L” setting IREQ1 (address 003C16), bit1 0 INT1/serial I/O3 interrupt request bit to “0” setting SIO3 (address 0EED16) Transmission data Transmission data write (Start of 1-byte data transmission) IREQ1 (address 003C16), bit1 ? 1 Judgment of completion of transmitting 1-byte data N All data have been transmitted ? Use any of RAM area as a counter for counting the number of transmitted bytes. Judgment of completion of transmitting the target number of bytes Y PB (address 001616), bit1 1 Returning CS signal output level to “H” when transmission of the target number of bytes is completed Fig. 2.3.65 Control procedure 2-86 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.12 Notes on serial I/O1 (1) Clock s U sing internal clock After setting the synchronous clock to an internal clock, clear the serial I/O interrupt request bit before perform the normal serial I/O transfer or the serial I/O automatic transfer. s U sing external clock After inputting “H” level to the external clock input pin, clear the serial I/O interrupt request bit before performing the normal serial I/O transfer or the serial I/O automatic transfer. (2) Using serial I/O1 interrupt Clear bit 3 of the interrupt request register 1 to “0” by software before enabling interrupts. (3) State of SOUT1 p in The S OUT1 p in control bit of the serial I/O1 control register 2 can be used to select the state of the S OUT1 pin when serial data is not transferred; either output active or high-impedance. However, when selecting an external synchronous clock; the S OUT1 p in can become the high-impedance state by setting the SOUT1 pin control bit to “1” when the serial I/O1 clock input is at “H” after transfer completion. (4) Serial I/O initialization bit q S et “0” to the serial I/O initialization bit of the serial I/O1 control register 1 when terminating a serial transfer during transferring. q W hen writing “1” to the serial I/O initialization bit, the serial I/O1 is enabled, but each register is not initialized. Set the value of each register by program. (5) Handshake signal s S BUSY1 i nput signal Input an “H” level to the SBUSY1 input and an “L” level signal to the SBUSY1 input in the initial state. When the external synchronous clock is selected, switch the input level to the S BUSY1 input and the SBUSY1 i nput while the serial I/O1 clock input is in “H” state. s S RDY1 i nput•output signal When selecting the internal synchronous clock, input an “L” level to the S RDY1 input and an “H” level signal to the S RDY1 i nput in the initial state. (6) 8-bit serial I/O mode s When selecting external synchronous clock When an external synchronous clock is selected, the contents of the serial I/O1 register are being shifted continually while the transfer clock is input to the serial I/O1 clock pin. In this case, control the clock externally. (7) In automatic transfer serial I/O mode s S et of automatic transfer interval q W hen the S BUSY1 o utput is used, and the SBUSY1 o utput and the S STB1 o utput function as signals for each transfer data set by the S BUSY1 o utput•SSTB1 o utput function selection bit of serial I/O1 control register 2; the transfer interval is inserted before the first data is transmitted/received, and after the last data is transmitted/received. Accordingly, regardless of the contents of the S BUSY1 output•SSTB1 output function selection bit, this transfer interval for each 1-byte data becomes 2 cycles longer than the value set by the automatic transfer interval set bits of serial I/O1 control register 3. 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-87 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O q When using the SSTB1 output, regardless of the contents of the SBUSY1 output•S STB1 output function selection bit, this transfer interval for each 1-byte data becomes 2 cycles longer than the value set by the automatic transfer interval set bits of serial I/O1 control register 3. q W hen using the combined output of SBUSY1 a nd SSTB1 a s the signal for each of all transfer data set, the transfer interval after completion of transmission/reception of the last data becomes 2 cycles longer than the value set by the automatic transfer interval set bits. q W hen selecting an external clock, the set of automatic transfer interval becomes invalid. q S et the transfer interval of each 1-byte data transfer as the following: (1) Not using FLD controller Keep the interval for 5 cycles or more of internal system clock from clock rising of the last bit of 1-byte data. (2) Using FLD controller (a) Not using gradation display Keep the interval for 17 cycles or more of internal system clock from clock rising of the last bit of 1-byte data. (b) Using gradation display Keep the interval for 27 cycles or more of internal system clock from clock rising of the last bit of 1-byte data. Table 2.3.2 SIO1CON3 (address 001C16) setting example selecting internal synchronous clock Serial I/O1 control register Internal synchronous clock selection bits (b7 to b5) 0 0 0 : f(X IN ) / 4 3, SIO1CON3 (address 001C 16) Automatic transfer interval set bits (b4 to b0) 0 0 0 0 0 : 2 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 0 1 : 3 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 1 0 : 4 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 1 1 : 5 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 0 0 : 2 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 0 1 : 3 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 0 0 : 2 cycles of transfer clocks Not using FLDC Usable Usable Usable Usable Usable Usable Usable Not using Using gradation display gradation mode display mode Prohibited Prohibited Prohibited Usable Prohibited Usable Usable Prohibited Prohibited Prohibited Usable Prohibited Usable Usable 0 0 1 : f(X IN ) / 8 0 1 0 : f(X IN) / 16 Table 2.3.3 SIO1CON3 (address 001C16) setting example selecting external synchronous clock Serial I/O1 control register 3, “ n ” c ycles of transfer clocks SIO1CON3 (address 001C 16 ), Automatic transfer interval set bits Not using FLDC Not using gradation display mode Using gradation display mode Transfer clock ✕ n c ycles ≥ 5 c ycles of internal system clock Transfer clock ✕ n c ycles ≥ 1 7 cycles of internal system clock Transfer clock ✕ n c ycles ≥ 2 7 cycles of internal system clock s S et of serial I/O1 transfer counter q Write the value decreased by 1 from the number of transfer data bytes to the serial I/O1 transfer counter. q When selecting an external clock, after writing a value to the serial I/O1 register/transfer counter, wait for 5 or more cycles of internal system clock before inputting the transfer clock to the serial I/O1 clock p in. s S erial I/O initialization bit A serial I/O1 automatic transfer interrupt request occurs when “ 0 ” i s written to the serial I/O initialization bit during an operation. Disable it with the interrupt enable bit as necessary by program. 2-88 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O 2.3.13 Notes on serial I/O2 (1) Notes when selecting clock synchronous serial I/O ➀ Stop of transmission operation As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the transmit enable bit to “ 0 ” ( transmit disabled). q Reason Since transmission is not stopped and the transmission circuit is not initialized even if only the serial I/O2 enable bit is cleared to “ 0 ” ( serial I/O2 disabled), the internal transmission is running (in this case, since pins TxD, RxD, SCLK21, S CLK22 and S RDY2 function as I/O ports, the transmission data is not output). When data is written to the transmit buffer register in this state, data starts to be shifted to the transmit shift register. When the serial I/O2 enable bit is set to “ 1 ” a t this time, the data during internally shifting is output to the TxD pin and an operation failure occurs. ➁ Stop of receive operation As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the receive enable bit to “0” (receive disabled), or clear the serial I/O2 enable bit to “ 0 ” ( serial I/O2 disabled). ➂ Stop of transmit/receive operation As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, simultaneously clear both the transmit enable bit and receive enable bit to “0” (transmit and receive disabled). (when data is transmitted and received in the clock synchronous serial I/O mode, any one of data transmission and reception cannot be stopped.) q Reason In the clock synchronous serial I/O mode, the same clock is used for transmission and reception. If any one of transmission and reception is disabled, a bit error occurs because transmission and reception cannot be synchronized. In this mode, the clock circuit of the transmission circuit also operates for data reception. Accordingly, the transmission circuit does not stop by clearing only the transmit enable bit to “ 0 ” ( transmit disabled). Also, the transmission circuit is not initialized by clearing the serial I/O2 enable bit to “ 0 ” ( serial I/O2 disabled) (refer to (1), ➀ ). 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-89 APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (2) Notes when selecting clock asynchronous serial I/O ➀ Stop of transmission operation As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the transmit enable bit to “ 0 ” ( transmit disabled). q Reason Since transmission is not stopped and the transmission circuit is not initialized even if only the serial I/O2 enable bit is cleared to “ 0 ” ( serial I/O2 disabled), the internal transmission is running (in this case, since pins TxD, RxD, S CLK21, S CLK22 and S RDY2 function as I/O ports, the transmission data is not output). When data is written to the transmit buffer register in this state, data starts to be shifted to the transmit shift register. When the serial I/O2 enable bit is set to “ 1 ” a t this time, the data during internally shifting is output to the TxD pin and an operation failure occurs. ➁ Stop of receive operation As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the receive enable bit to “ 0 ” ( receive disabled). ➂ Stop of transmit/receive operation Only transmission operation is stopped. As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the transmit enable bit to “ 0 ” ( transmit disabled). q Reason Since transmission is not stopped and the transmission circuit is not initialized even if only the serial I/O2 enable bit is cleared to “ 0 ” ( serial I/O2 disabled), the internal transmission is running (in this case, since pins TxD, RxD, S CLK21, S CLK22 and S RDY2 function as I/O ports, the transmission data is not output). When data is written to the transmit buffer register in this state, data starts to be shifted to the transmit shift register. When the serial I/O2 enable bit is set to “ 1 ” a t this time, the data during internally shifting is output to the TxD pin and an operation failure occurs. Only receive operation is stopped. As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the receive enable bit to “ 0 ” ( receive disabled). (3) S RDY2 o utput of reception side When signals are output from the SRDY2 p in on the reception side by using an external clock in the clock synchronous serial I/O mode, set all of the receive enable bit, the S RDY2 output enable bit, and the transmit enable bit to “ 1 ” ( transmit enabled). (4) Setting serial I/O2 control register again Set the serial I/O2 control register again after the transmission and the reception circuits are reset by clearing both the transmit enable bit and the receive enable bit to “ 0. ” Clear both the transmit enable bit (TE) and the receive enable bit (RE) to “0” ↓ Set the bits 0 to 3 and bit 6 of the serial I/O2 control register ↓ Set both the transmit enable bit (TE) and the receive enable bit (RE), or one of them to “1” Can be set with the LDM instruction at the same time Fig. 2.3.66 Sequence of setting serial I/O2 control register again 2-90 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.3 Serial I/O (5) Data transmission control with referring to transmit shift register completion flag The transmit shift register completion flag changes from “1” to “0” with a delay of 0.5 to 1.5 shift clocks. When data transmission is controlled with referring to the flag after writing the data to the transmit buffer register, note the delay. (6) Transmission control when external clock is selected When an external clock is used as the synchronous clock for data transmission, set the transmit enable bit to “1” at “H” of the serial I/O2 clock input level. Also, write the transmit data to the transmit buffer register (serial I/O shift register) at “H” of the serial I/O2 clock input level. (7) Setting procedure when serial I/O2 transmit interrupt is used When setting the transmit enable bit to “1”, the serial I/O2 transmit interrupt request bit is automatically set to “1”. When not requiring the interrupt occurrence synchronized with the transmission enabled, take the following sequence. ➀Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt enable bit to “0” (disabled). ➁Set the transmit enable bit to “1”. ➂ Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt request bit to “0” after 1 or more instructions have been executed. ➃Set the serial I/O1 tranmit interrupt enable bit to “1” (enabled). (8) Using TxD pin The P65/TxD P-channel output disable bit of UART control register is valid in both cases: using as a normal I/O port and as the TxD pin. Do not supply Vcc + 0.3 V or more even when using the P6 5/ TxD pin as an N-channel open-drain output. Additionally, in the serial I/O2, the TxD pin latches the last bit and continues to output it after completing transmission. 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-91 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller 2.4 FLD controller This paragraph describes the setting method of FLD controller relevant registers, notes etc. 2.4.1 Memory assignment Address 003D16 003E16 003F16 0EF216 0EF316 0EF416 0EF516 0EF616 0EF716 0EF816 0EF916 0EFA16 0EFB16 0EFC16 Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) (Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1)) Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) Port P0 digit output set switch register (P0DOR) Port P2 digit output set switch register (P2DOR) FLDC mode register (FLDM) Tdisp time set register (TDISP) Toff1 time set register (TOFF1) Toff2 time set register (TOFF2) FLD data pointer (FLDDP) Port P4FLD/port switch register (P4FPR) Port P5FLD/port switch register (P5FPR) Port P6FLD/port switch register (P6FPR) FLD output control register (FLDCON) Fig. 2.4.1 Memory assignment of FLD controller relevant registers 2-92 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller 2.4.2 Relevant registers Port P0 digit output set switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P0 digit output set switch register (P0DOR: address 0EF216) b Name Functions 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port P00 FLD/Digit switch bit 1 Port P01 FLD/Digit switch bit 2 Port P02 FLD/Digit switch bit 3 Port P03 FLD/Digit switch bit 4 Port P04 FLD/Digit switch bit 5 Port P05 FLD/Digit switch bit 6 Port P06 FLD/Digit switch bit Port P07 FLD/Digit 7 switch bit Fig. 2.4.2 Structure of Port P0 digit output set switch register Port P2 digit output set switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P2 digit output set switch register (P2DOR: address 0EF316) b Name Functions 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port P20 FLD/Digit switch bit 1 Port P21 FLD/Digit switch bit 2 Port P22 FLD/Digit switch bit 3 Port P23 FLD/Digit switch bit 4 Port P24 FLD/Digit switch bit 5 Port P25 FLD/Digit switch bit 6 Port P26 FLD/Digit switch bit Port P27 FLD/Digit 7 switch bit Fig. 2.4.3 Structure of Port P2 digit output set switch register 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-93 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller FLDC mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 FLDC mode register (FLDM: address 0EF416) b Name Functions 0 : General-purpose mode 1 : Automatic display mode 0 : Display stopped 1 : Display in progress (display starts by writing “1”) b3 b2 At reset R W 0 0 Automatic display control bit 1 Display start bit 0 2 Tscan control bits 0 3 0 0 : FLD digit interrupt (at rising edge of each digit) 0 1 : 1 ✕ Tdisp 1 0 : 2 ✕ Tdisp 1 1 : 3 ✕ Tdisp FLD blanking interrupt (at falling edge of last digit) 0 : 16 timing mode 1 : 32 timing mode (Note 2) 0 : Not selected 1 : Selected (Notes 1, 2) 0 : f(XIN)/16 1 : f(XIN)/64 0 : Drivability strong 1 : Drivability weak 0 4 Timing number control bit 5 Gradation display mode selection control bit 6 Tdisp counter count source selection bit 7 High-breakdown voltage port drivability selection bit 0 0 0 0 Notes 1: When the gradation display mode is selected, the number of timing is max. 16 timing. (Set “0” to the timing number control bit (b4).) 2: When switching the timing number control bit (b4) or the gradation display mode selection control bit (b5), set “0” to the display start bit (b1) (display stop state) before that. Fig. 2.4.4 Structure of FLDC mode register 2-94 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Tdisp time set register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Tdisp time set register (TDISP: address 0EF516) b 0 Functions •Set the Tdisp time. •When a value n is written to this register, Tdisp time is expressed as Tdisp = (n + 1) ✕ count source. •When reading this register, the value in the counter is read out. (Example) When the following condition is satisfied, Tdisp becomes 804 µs {(200 + 1) ✕ 4 µs}; •f(XIN) = 4 MHz •bit 6 of FLDC mode register = 0 (f(XIN)/16 is selected as Tdisp counter count source. ) •Tdisp time set register = 200 (C816). At reset R W 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 Fig. 2.4.5 Structure of Tdisp time set register 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-95 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Toff1 time set register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Toff1 time set register (TOFF1: address 0EF616) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Functions •Set the Toff1 time. •When a value n1 is written to this register, Toff1 time is expressed as Toff1 = n1 ✕ count source. (Example) When the following condition is satisfied, Toff1 becomes 120 µs (= 30 ✕ 4 µs); •f(XIN) = 4 MHz •bit 6 of FLDC mode register = 0 (f(XIN)/16 is selected as Tdisp counter count source.) •Toff1 time set register = 30 (1E16). At reset R W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Note: Set value of 0316 or more. Fig. 2.4.6 Structure of Toff1 time set register Toff2 time set register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Toff2 time set register (TOFF2: address 0EF716) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Functions •Set the Toff2 time. •When a value n2 is written to this register, Toff2 time is expressed as Toff2 = n2 ✕ count source. However, setting of Toff2 time is valid only for the FLD port which is satisfied the following; •gradation display mode •value of FLD automatic display RAM (in gradation display mode) = “1” (dark display). (Example) When the following condition is satisfied, Toff2 becomes 720 µs (= 180 ✕ 4 µs); •f(XIN) = 4 MHz •bit 6 of FLDC mode register = 0 (f(XIN)/16 is selected as Tdisp counter count source.) •Toff2 time set register = 180 (B416). At reset R W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Note: When the Toff2 SET/RESET switch bit (b7) of the FLD output control register (address 0EFC16) is set to “1”, set value of 0316 or more to the Toff2 time set register. Fig. 2.4.7 Structure of Toff2 time set register 2-96 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller FLD data pointer/FLD data pointer reload register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 FLD data pointer/FLD data pointer reload register (FLDDP: address 0EF816) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Functions The start address of each data of FLD ports P6, P5, P4, P3, P1, P0, and P2, which is transferred from FLD automatic display RAM, is set to this register. The start address becomes the address adding the value set to this register into the last data address of each FLD port. Set a value of (timing number – 1) to this register. At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined The value which is set to this address is written to the FLD data pointer reload register. Undefined When reading data from this address, the value in the FLD data pointer is read. Undefined When bits 5 to 7 of this register is read, “0” is always read. Undefined Fig. 2.4.8 Structure of FLD data pointer/FLD data pointer reload register Port P4FLD/port switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P4FLD/port switch register (P4FPR: address 0EF916) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name Port P40 FLD/port switch bit Port P41 FLD/port switch bit Port P42 FLD/port switch bit Port P43 FLD/port switch bit Port P44 FLD/port switch bit Port P45 FLD/port switch bit Port P46 FLD/port switch bit Port P47 FLD/port switch bit Functions 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.4.9 Structure of port P4FLD/port switch register 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-97 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Port P5FLD/port switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P5FLD/port switch register (P5FPR: address 0EFA16) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name Port P50 FLD/port switch bit Port P51 FLD/port switch bit Port P52 FLD/port switch bit Port P53 FLD/port switch bit Port P54 FLD/port switch bit Port P55 FLD/port switch bit Port P56 FLD/port switch bit Port P57 FLD/port switch bit Functions 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.4.10 Structure of port P5FLD/port switch register Port P6FLD/port switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P6FLD/port switch register (P6FPR: address 0EFB16) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name Port P60 FLD/port switch bit Port P61 FLD/port switch bit Port P62 FLD/port switch bit Port P63 FLD/port switch bit Port P64 FLD/port switch bit Port P65 FLD/port switch bit Port P66 FLD/port switch bit Port P67 FLD/port switch bit Functions 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.4.11 Structure of port P6FLD/port switch register 2-98 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller FLD output control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 FLD output control register (FLDCON : address 0EFC16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 : Output normally 0 P64–P67 FLD 1 : Reverse output output reverse bit 1 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 : Operating normally 2 P64–P67 Toff 1 : Toff invalid invalid bit 3 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 4 P73 dimmer output 0 : Ordinary port control bit 1 : Dimmer output 5 Generating/Not of 0 : Toff section not generated CMOS port Toff section selection bit 1 : Toff section generated 6 Generating/Not of 0 : Toff section not high-breakdown generated 1 : Toff section generated voltage port Toff section selection bit 7 Toff2 SET/RESET 0 : Toff2 RESET; Toff1 SET switch bit 1 : Toff2 SET; Tdisp RESET 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.4.12 Structure of FLD output control register 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-99 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Interrupt request register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2 : address 3D16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 ✽ ✽ ✽ ✽ ✽ 0 : No interrupt request issued 0 Timer 4 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 Timer 5 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 2 Timer 6 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 3 Serial I/O2 receive 0 : No interrupt request issued interrupt request bit 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 4 INT3/Serial I/O2 1 : Interrupt request issued transmit interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 5 INT4 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit A-D converter interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 6 FLD blanking interrupt request bit 1 : Interrupt request issued FLD digit interrupt request bit 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. ✽: “0” can be set by software, but “1” cannot be set. 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 Fig. 2.4.13 Structure of Interrupt request register 2 Interrupt control register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2 : address 3F16) b Name Functions 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 Timer 4 interrupt enable bit 1 Timer 5 interrupt enable bit 2 Timer 6 interrupt enable bit 3 Serial I/O2 receive interrupt enable bit 4 INT3/Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt enable bit 5 INT4 interrupt enable bit A-D converter interrupt enable bit 6 FLD blanking interrupt enable bit FLD digit interrupt enable bit 7 Fix “0” to this bit. 0 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 Fig. 2.4.14 Structure of Interrupt control register 2 2-100 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller 2.4.3 FLD controller application examples (1) Key-scan using FLD automatic display and segments Outline: K ey read-in with segment pins is performed by software using the FLD automatic display mode. P10–P17 Digit P30, P31 P00, P01 P20–P27 P44–P47 Segment Segment SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SP EP @ RE C s LEVEL L R q q q q AM PM CH Panel with fluorescent display (FLD) 38B7 Group Key-matrix Fig. 2.4.15 Connection diagram Specifications: • Use of total 20 FLD ports (10 digits; 10 segments (8 key-scan included)) • Use of FLD automatic display mode • Display in gradation display mode and 16 timing mode • Toff1 = 40 µs, Toff2 = 64 µs, Tdisp = 204 µ s, Tscan = 3 ✕ T disp = 612 µ s, f(X IN) = 4 MHz • Use of FLD blanking interrupt Figure 2.4.16 shows the timing chart of key-scan, and Figure 2.4.17 shows the enlarged view of Tscan. After switching the segment pin to an output port, generate the waveform shown Figure 2.4.17 by software and perform key-scan. Tdisp FLD16 (P10) Tscan Toff1 Toff2 FLD17 (P11) FLD18 (P12) FLD25 (P31) FLD blanking interrupt request occur FLD0–FLD9 (P20–P27, P00, P01) ••• Key-scan Fig. 2.4.16 Timing chart of key-scan using FLD automatic display mode and segments Fig. 2.4.17 Enlarged view of FLD 0 ( P2 0) to FLD7 ( P27) Tscan ••• ••• FLD0 (P20) FLD1 (P21) FLD2 (P22) FLD7 (P27) ••• ••• 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-101 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Figure 2.4.18 shows the setting of relevant registers. Port P4 direction register (address 000916) P4D 0000 Set P44 to P47 to input ports for key-scan input Port P0 digit output set switch register (address 0EF216) P0DOR 00 Set P00, P01 to FLD ports (FLD8, FLD9) Port P2 digit output set switch register (address 0EF316) P2DOR 00000000 Set P20–P27 to FLD ports (FLD0–FLD7) FLDC mode register (address 0EF416) FLDM 10101101 Automatic display mode Display stopped Tscan = 3 ✕ Tdisp FLD blanking interrupt 16 timing mode Gradation display mode selected Tdisp counter count source : f(XIN)/16 High-breakdown voltage port drivability weak FLD output control register (address 0EFC16) FLDCON 0 P73 as ordinary port Fig. 2.4.18 Setting of relevant registers 2-102 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Tdisp time set register (address 0EF516) TDISP 3216 50 (3216) set; (50 + 1) ✕ count source = 204 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz Toff1 time set register (address 0EF616) TOFF1 0A16 10 (0A16) set; 10 ✕ count source = 40 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz Toff2 time set register (address 0EF716) TOFF2 1016 16 (1016) set; 16 ✕ count source = 64 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz Note: Perform this setting when the gradation display mode is selected. FLD data pointer (address 0EF816) FLDDP 00001001 Set {(digit number) – 1} = 9 Interrupt request register 2 (address 003D16) IREQ2 0 Clear FLD blanking interrupt request bit Interrupt control register 2 (address 003F16) ICON2 01 FLD blanking interrupt: Enabled FLDC mode register (address 0EF416) FLDM 10101111 Display start 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-103 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Setting of FLD automatic display RAM: Table 2.4.1 FLD automatic display RAM map 1 to 16 timing display data stored area Address 0EA016 0EA116 0EA216 0EA316 0EA416 0EA516 0EA616 0EA716 0EA816 0EA916 0EAA16 0EAB16 0EAC16 0EAD16 0EAE16 0EAF16 0EB016 0EB116 0EB216 0EB316 0EB416 0EB516 0EB616 0EB716 0EB816 0EB916 0EBA16 0EBB16 0EBC16 0EBD16 0EBE16 0EBF16 0EC016 0EC116 0EC216 0EC316 0EC416 0EC516 0EC616 0EC716 0EC816 0EC916 0ECA16 0ECB16 0ECC16 0ECD16 0ECE16 0ECF16 0ED016 0ED116 0ED216 0ED316 0ED416 0ED516 0ED616 0ED716 0ED816 0ED916 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 Gradation display control data stored area Address Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 0E3016 FLD25 FLD24 0E3116 FLD25 FLD24 0E3216 FLD25 FLD24 0E3316 FLD25 FLD24 0E3416 FLD25 FLD24 0E3516 FLD25 FLD24 0E3616 FLD25 FLD24 0E3716 FLD25 FLD24 0E3816 FLD25 FLD24 0E3916 FLD25 FLD24 0E3A16 0E3B16 0E3C16 0E3D16 0E3E16 0E3F16 0E4016 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0E4116 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0E4216 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0E4316 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0E4416 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0E4516 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0E4616 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0E4716 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0E4816 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0E4916 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0E4A16 0E4B16 0E4C16 0E4D16 0E4E16 0E4F16 0E5016 FLD9 FLD8 0E5116 FLD9 FLD8 0E5216 FLD9 FLD8 0E5316 FLD9 FLD8 0E5416 FLD9 FLD8 0E5516 FLD9 FLD8 0E5616 FLD9 FLD8 0E5716 FLD9 FLD8 0E5816 FLD9 FLD8 0E5916 FLD9 FLD8 0E5A16 0E5B16 0E5C16 0E5D16 0E5E16 0E5F16 0E6016 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 0E6116 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 0E6216 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 0E6316 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 0E6416 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 0E6516 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 0E6616 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 0E6716 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 0E6816 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 0E6916 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 Corresponding digit pin FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 → → → → → → → → → → FLD25(P31) FLD24(P30) FLD23(P17) FLD22(P16) FLD21(P15) FLD20(P14) FLD19(P13) FLD18(P12) FLD17(P11) FLD16(P10) FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 → → → → → → → → → → FLD25(P31) FLD24(P30) FLD23(P17) FLD22(P16) FLD21(P15) FLD20(P14) FLD19(P13) FLD18(P12) FLD17(P11) FLD16(P10) : Area which is used to sed segment data : Area which is used to sed digit data : Area which is available as ordinary RAM 2-104 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller FLD18 FLD19 FLD20 FLD21 FLD22 FLD23 FLD24 FLD25 SUN MON SP EP RE C • • • • TUE WED THU FRI SAT AM PM a fgb CH FLD17 FLD16 s LEVEL L R e d c Fig. 2.4.19 FLD digit allocation example Table 2.4.2 FLD automatic display RAM map example 1 to 16 timing display data stored area Address 0EC016 0EC116 0EC216 0EC316 0EC416 0EC516 0EC616 0EC716 0EC816 0EC916 0ECA16 0ECB16 0ECC16 0ECD16 0ECE16 0ECF16 0ED016 0ED116 0ED216 0ED316 0ED416 0ED516 0ED616 0ED716 0ED816 0ED916 Gradation display control data stored area Address 0E5016 0E5116 0E5216 0E5316 0E5416 0E5516 0E5616 0E5716 0E5816 0E5916 0E5A16 0E5B16 0E5C16 0E5D16 0E5E16 0E5F16 0E6016 0E6116 0E6216 0E6316 0E6416 0E6516 0E6616 0E6716 0E6816 0E6916 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 PM AM THU TUE : : Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 PM AM THU TUE : : Corresponding digit pin L R LEVEL L R LEVEL → → → → → → → → → → FLD25(P31) FLD24(P30) FLD23(P17) FLD22(P16) FLD21(P15) FLD20(P14) FLD19(P13) FLD18(P12) FLD17(P11) FLD16(P10) CH SAT FRI WED MON SUN – s g g g g g g g f f f f f f f e e e e e e e d d d d d d d c b c b c b c b c b c b c b REC SP a a a a a a a EP CH SAT FRI WED M ON SUN – s g g g g g g g f f f f f f f e e e e e e e d d d d d d d c b c b c b c b c b c b c b REC SP a a a a a a a EP → → → → → → → → → → FLD25(P31) FLD24(P30) FLD23(P17) FLD22(P16) FLD21(P15) FLD20(P14) FLD19(P13) FLD18(P12) FLD17(P11) FLD16(P10) : Unused 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-105 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Control procedure: RESET qX: This bit is not used for this application. Set “0” or “1” to this bit arbitrarily. Initialization P4D (address 000916), bit 4–bit 7 P0DOR (address 0EF216) P2DOR (address 0EF316) FLDM (address 0EF416) FLDCON (address 0EFC16) TDISP (address 0EF516) TOFF1 (address 0EF616) TOFF2 (address 0EF716) FLDDP (address 0EF816) •••• •••• 00002 XXXXXX002 000000002 101011012 XXX0XXXX2 3216 0A16 1016 (Note 1) 000010012 Port direction registers setting FLD port setting FLD automatic display function setting FLD automatic display RAM (addresses 0EA016–0ED916) Data to be display Digit data and segment data setting Gradation display control RAM (addresses 0E3016–0E6916) Gradation display control data (Note 1) Gradation display control data setting Set “1” for dark display Set “0” for bright display (Note 2) FLD blanking interrupt request bit cleared IREQ2 (address 003D16), bit 6 0 1 cycle or more wait Wait until writing to FLD blanking interrupt request bit is completed 1 1 ICON2 (address 003F16), bit 6 FLDM (address 0EF416), bit 1 FLD blanking interrupt enabled FLD automatic display start Main processing Notes 1: When selecting the gradation display, set these registers, too. 2: The display data can be rewritten at arbitrary timing. Fig. 2.4.20 Control procedure 2-106 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller FLD blanking interrupt routine Segment key-scan Push registers to stack, etc. •••• FLDM (address 0EF416), bit 0 P1 (address 000216) P3 (address 000616), bit 0, bit 1 • ••• 0 0016 002 Switching from automatic display mode to general-purpose mode Setting of “L” level to port corresponding to digit Set data table for key-scan to P4 (address 000816) Wait for key-scan Transfer the contents of P44 to P47 (address 000816) to RAM Wait until “H” level output of P4 is stabilized Keys read-in (Set the port P4 direction register (P4D) (address 000916) to the input mode in the initialization, etc.) Data table reference pointer for the next key-scan updated Update the data table pointer for key-scan N Key-scan is completed ? (Note) Y Set key-scan completion flag Initialize data table pointer for key-scan Setting of flag which judges whether key-scan is completed or not P4 (address 000816) FLDM (address 0EF416), bit 0 0016 1 Output of “L” level from all key-scan ports Switching from general-purpose mode to the automatic display mode R TI Note: If key-scan is not completed within Tscan set time, perform key-scan separately. 38B7 Group User’s Manual 2-107 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller (2) Key-scan using FLD automatic display and digits Outline: Key read-in with digit output waveforms is performed by software using the FLD automatic display mode. P00, P01 Segment P20–P27 P30, P31 Digit P10–P17 Digit P44–P47 SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SP EP RE C s LEVEL L R q q q q AM PM CH Panel with fluorescent display (FLD) 38B7 Group Key-matrix Fig. 2.4.21 Connection diagram Specifications: • Use of total 20 FLD ports (10 digits, 8 key-scan included; 10 segments) • Use of FLD automatic display mode • Display in gradation display mode and 16 timing mode • Toff1 = 40 µs, Toff2 = 64 µs, Tdisp = 204 µs, Tscan = 0 µs, f(XIN ) = 4 MHz • Use of FLD digit interrupt 2-108 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Figure 2.4.22 shows the timing chart of key-scan. Tdisp FLD16 (P10)Toff1 FLD digit interrupt request occur Tscan = 0 µs Toff2 FLD17 (P11) FLD digit interrupt request occur FLD18 (P12) • • • FLD25 (P31) FLD0–FLD9 (P20–P27, P00, P01) FLD digit interrupt request occur • • FLD digit interrupt request occur • • • 38B7 Group User’s Manual Fig. 2.4.22 Timing chart of key-scan using FLD automatic display mode and digits 2-109 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Figure 2.4.23 shows the setting of relevant registers. Port P4 direction register (address 000916) P4D 0000 Set P44 to P47 to input ports for key-scan input Port P0 digit output set switch register (address 0EF216) P0DOR 00 Set P00, P01 to FLD ports (FLD8, FLD9) Port P2 digit output set switch register (address 0EF316) P2DOR 00000000 Set P20–P27 to FLD ports (FLD0–FLD7) FLDC mode register (address 0EF416) FLDM 10100001 Automatic display mode Display stopped FLD digit interrupt 16 timing mode Gradation display mode selected Tdisp counter count source : f(XIN)/16 High-breakdown voltage port drivability weak FLD output control register (0EFC16) FLDCON 0 P73 as ordinary port Fig. 2.4.23 Setting of relevant registers 2-110 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Tdisp time set register (address 0EF516) TDISP 3216 50 (3216) set; (50 + 1) ✕ count source = 204 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz Toff1 time set register (address 0EF616) TOFF1 0A16 10 (0A16) set; 10 ✕ count source = 40 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz Toff2 time set register (address 0EF716) TOFF2 1016 16 (1016) set; 16 ✕ count source = 64 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz Note: Perform this setting when the gradation display mode is selected. FLD data pointer (address 0EF816) FLDDP 00001001 Set {(digit number) – 1} = 9 Interrupt request register 2 (address 003D16) IREQ2 0 Clear FLD digit interrupt request bit Interrupt control register 2 (address 003F16) ICON2 01 FLD digit interrupt: Enabled FLDC mode register (address 0EF416) FLDM 10100011 Display start 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-111 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Setting of FLD automatic display RAM: Table 2.4.3 FLD automatic display RAM map 1 to 16 timing display data stored area Address 0EA016 0EA116 0EA216 0EA316 0EA416 0EA516 0EA616 0EA716 0EA816 0EA916 0EAA16 0EAB16 0EAC16 0EAD16 0EAE16 0EAF16 0EB016 0EB116 0EB216 0EB316 0EB416 0EB516 0EB616 0EB716 0EB816 0EB916 0EBA16 0EBB16 0EBC16 0EBD16 0EBE16 0EBF16 0EC016 0EC116 0EC216 0EC316 0EC416 0EC516 0EC616 0EC716 0EC816 0EC916 0ECA16 0ECB16 0ECC16 0ECD16 0ECE16 0ECF16 0ED016 0ED116 0ED216 0ED316 0ED416 0ED516 0ED616 0ED716 0ED816 0ED916 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 Gradation display control data stored area Address 0E3016 0E3116 0E3216 0E3316 0E3416 0E3516 0E3616 0E3716 0E3816 0E3916 0E3A16 0E3B16 0E3C16 0E3D16 0E3E16 0E3F16 0E4016 0E4116 0E4216 0E4316 0E4416 0E4516 0E4616 0E4716 0E4816 0E4916 0E4A16 0E4B16 0E4C16 0E4D16 0E4E16 0E4F16 0E5016 0E5116 0E5216 0E5316 0E5416 0E5516 0E5616 0E5716 0E5816 0E5916 0E5A16 0E5B16 0E5C16 0E5D16 0E5E16 0E5F16 0E6016 0E6116 0E6216 0E6316 0E6416 0E6516 0E6616 0E6716 0E6816 0E6916 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 FLD25 FLD24 Corresponding digit pin FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD9 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 FLD8 → → → → → → → → → → FLD25(P31) FLD24(P30) FLD23(P17) FLD22(P16) FLD21(P15) FLD20(P14) FLD19(P13) FLD18(P12) FLD17(P11) FLD16(P10) FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD7 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD6 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD5 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD4 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD3 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD2 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD1 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 FLD0 → → → → → → → → → → FLD25(P31) FLD24(P30) FLD23(P17) FLD22(P16) FLD21(P15) FLD20(P14) FLD19(P13) FLD18(P12) FLD17(P11) FLD16(P10) : Area which is used to set segment data : Area which is used to set digit data : Area which is available as ordinary RAM 2-112 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller FLD18 FLD19 FLD20 FLD21 FLD22 FLD23 FLD24 FLD25 SUN MON SP EP RE C • • • • TUE WED THU FRI SAT AM PM a fgb CH FLD17 FLD16 s LEVEL L R e d c Fig. 2.4.24 FLD digit allocation example Table 2.4.4 FLD automatic display RAM map example 1 to 16 timing display data stored area Address 0EC016 0EC116 0EC216 0EC316 0EC416 0EC516 0EC616 0EC716 0EC816 0EC916 0ECA16 0ECB16 0ECC16 0ECD16 0ECE16 0ECF16 0ED016 0ED116 0ED216 0ED316 0ED416 0ED516 0ED616 0ED716 0ED816 0ED916 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 PM AM THU TUE : : Gradation display control data stored area Address 0E5016 0E5116 0E5216 0E5316 0E5416 0E5516 0E5616 0E5716 0E5816 0E5916 0E5A16 0E5B16 0E5C16 0E5D16 0E5E16 0E5F16 0E6016 0E6116 0E6216 0E6316 0E6416 0E6516 0E6616 0E6716 0E6816 0E6916 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 PM AM THU TUE : : Corresponding digit pin L R LEVEL L R LEVEL → → → → → → → → → → FLD25(P31) FLD24(P30) FLD23(P17) FLD22(P16) FLD21(P15) FLD20(P14) FLD19(P13) FLD18(P12) FLD17(P11) FLD16(P10) CH SAT FRI WED M ON SUN – s g g g g g g g f f f f f f f e e e e e e e d d d d d d d c c c c c c c REC b b b b b b b SP a a a a a a a EP CH SAT FRI WED M ON SUN – s g g g g g g g f f f f f f f e e e e e e e d d d d d d d c c c c c c c REC b b b b b b b SP a a a a a a a EP → → → → → → → → → → FLD25(P31) FLD24(P30) FLD23(P17) FLD22(P16) FLD21(P15) FLD20(P14) FLD19(P13) FLD18(P12) FLD17(P11) FLD16(P10) : Unused 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-113 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Control procedure: RESET qX: This bit is not used for this application. Set “0” or “1” to this bit arbitrarily. Initialization P4D (address 000916), bit 4–bit 7 P0DOR (address 0EF216) P2DOR (address 0EF316) FLDM (address 0EF416) FLDCON (address 0EFC16) TDISP (address 0EF516) TOFF1 (address 0EF616) TOFF2 (address 0EF716) FLDDP (address 0EF816) ••• ••• 00002 XXXXXX002 000000002 101000012 XXX0XXXX2 3216 0A16 1016 (Note 1) 000010012 Port direction register setting FLD port setting FLD automatic display function setting FLD automatic display RAM (addresses 0EA016–0ED916) Data to be display Digit data and segment data setting (Note 2) Gradation display control RAM (addresses 0E3016–0E6916) Gradation display control data (Note 1) Setting of gradation display control data Set “1” for dark display Set “0” for bright display (Note 2) FLD digit interrupt request bit cleared IREQ2 (address 003D16), bit 6 0 1 cycle or more wait Wait until writing to the FLD digit interrupt request bit is completed 1 1 ICON2 (address 003F16), bit 6 FLDM (address 0EF416), bit 1 FLD digit interrupt enabled FLD automatic display start Main processing Notes 1: When selecting the gradation display, set these registers, too. 2: The display data can be rewritten at arbitrary timing. Fig. 2.4.25 Control procedure 2-114 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller FLD digit interrupt routine Digit key-scan Push registers to stack, etc. •••• Wait for key-scan Wait until the digit output is stabilized since the digit output waveform may become dull depending on the PCB pattern wiring length etc. Keys read-in (Set the port P4 direction register (P4D) (address 000916) to the input mode in the initialization, etc.) Transfer the contents of P44 to P47 (address 000816) to RAM Store the contents of RAM to the buffer ~ ~ R TI 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-115 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller (3) FLD display by software (example of not used FLD controller) Outline: F LD display and key read-in is performed, using a timer interrupt. P10–P17 Digit P30, P31 P00, P01 P20–P27 P44–P47 Segment Segment SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SP EP RE C s LEVEL L R q q q q AM PM CH Panel with fluorescent display (FLD) 38B7 Group Key-matrix Fig. 2.4.26 Connection diagram Specifications: • Use of 10 digits and 10 segments (8 key-scan included) • Display controlled by software • Use of timer 1 interrupt Figure 2.4.27 shows t he timing chart of FLD display by software, and Figure 2.4.28 shows the enlarged view of P20 t o P2 7 k ey-scan. Generate the waveform shown in Figure 2.4.28 by software and perform key-scan. P10 P11 P12 ••• ••• P31 Key-scan P20–P27, P00, P01 ••• Fig. 2.4.27 Timing chart of FLD display by software P20 P21 P22 P27 ••• ••• Fig. 2.4.28 Enlarged view of P20 t o P2 7 k ey-scan 2-116 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Figure 2.4.29 shows the setting of relevant registers. Port P4 direction register (address 000916) P4D 0000 Set P44 to P47 to input ports for key scan input FLDC mode register (address 0EF416) FLDM 1 00 General-purpose mode Display stopped High-breakdown voltage port drivability weak FLD output control register (address 0EFC16) FLDCON 0 P73 as ordinary port Interrupt request register 1 (address 003C16) IREQ1 0 Clear timer 1 interrupt request bit Interrupt control register 1 (address 003E16) ICON1 1 Timer 1 interrupt: Enabled Timer 12 mode register (address 002816) T12M 0 Timer 1 count start Fig. 2.4.29 Setting of relevant registers 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-117 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller P12 P13 P14 P15 P16 P17 P30 P31 SUN MON SP EP RE C s LEVEL L R • • • • TUE WEDTHU FRI SAT AM PM a fgb CH P11 P10 e d c Fig. 2.4.30 FLD digit allocation example Table 2.4.5 FLD automatic display RAM map example Corresponding digit pin Address 0EC016 0EC116 0EC216 0EC316 0EC416 0EC516 0EC616 0EC716 0EC816 0EC916 0ECA16 0ECB16 0ECC16 0ECD16 0ECE16 0ECF16 0ED016 0ED116 0ED216 0ED316 0ED416 0ED516 0ED616 0ED716 0ED816 0ED916 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 PM AM THU TUE : : L R LEVEL → → → → → → → → → → P31 P30 P17 P16 P15 P14 P13 P12 P11 P10 CH SAT FRI WED MON SUN – s g g g g g g g f f f f f f f e e e e e e e d d d d d d d c c c c c c c REC b b b b b b b SP a a a a a a a EP → → → → → → → → → → P31 P30 P17 P16 P15 P14 P13 P12 P11 P10 : Unused (The automatic display is not performed because FLD controller is not used.) 2-118 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Control procedure: RESET Initialization P4D (address 000916), bit 4–bit 7 FLDM (address 0EF416) FLDCON (address 0EFC16) IREQ1 (address 003C16), bit 5 ICON1 (address 003E16), bit 5 T12M (address 002816), bit 0 qX : This bit is not used for this application. Set “0” or “1” to this bit arbitrarily. Push registers to stack, etc. P0 (address 000016), bit 0, bit 1 P1 (address 000216) P2 (address 000416) P3 (address 000616), bit 0, bit 1 002 0016 0016 002 FLD display turned off Set data table for key-scan to P2 (address 000416) Transfer the contents of P44 to P47 (address 000816) to RAM Update the data table pointer for key-scan ..... 00002 1XXXXX002 XXX0XXXX2 0 1 0 Port direction registers setting Timer 1 interrupt request bit cleared Wait until completion of writing to timer 1 interrupt request bit Timer 1 interrupt: Enabled Timer 1 count start ..... ..... ~ ~ Timer 1 interrupt routine Segment key-scan ..... All column display is completed ? N P0 (address 000016), bit 0, bit 1 P2 (address 000416) P1 (address 000216) P3 (address 000616), bit 0, bit 1 Segment data Y Digit data Wait for key-scan Wait until “H” level output of P2 is stabilized. ~ ~ Keys read-in (Set the port P4 direction register (P4D) (address 000916) to the input mode on initialization, etc.) N Key-scan is completed ? Y R TI Fig. 2.4.31 Control procedure 38B7 Group User’s Manual 2-119 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller (4) Display by combination with digit expander (M35501FP*) (basic combination example) * For M35501FP, refer to section “ 3.9 M35501FP” . Outline: T he fluorescent display which has many display numbers (36 segments ✕ 1 6 digits) is displayed by using the digit expander (M35501FP). 38B7 Group P50 P51 P73 P20–P27 P00–P07 P10–P17 P30–P37 P40–P43 M35501FP RESET SEL CLK OVFIN DIG0–DIG15 Digit (16) Fluorescent display (FLD) DISC TRACK Segment (36) 1 2 3 REC SLEEP 45 6 DATE CLOCK 78 9 Y h M m REC D s 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Fig. 2.4.32 Connection diagram Specifications: • Use of M35501FP (M35501FP: 16 digits, 38B7 Group: 36 segments) _____________ Ports P5 0 a nd P51 o f 38B7 Group supply signals to the RESET and SEL pins of M35501FP respectively. The P73 p in (dimmer output pin) supply signals to the CLK pin of M35501FP. •Use of FLD automatic display mode of 38B7 Group •Display in gradation display mode and 16 timing mode •Toff1 = 40 µs, Toff2 = 64 µs, Tdisp = 204 µs, f(XIN) = 4 MHz Figure 2.4.33 shows the timing chart of 38B7 Group and M35501FP, and Figure 2.4.34 shows the timing chart (enlarged view) of digit and segment output. 2-120 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller M35501FP RESET SEL OVFIN OVFOUT CLK DIG0 DIG1 DIG2 DIG3 DIG12 DIG13 DIG14 DIG15 38B7 Group FLD0–FLD35 (P20–P27, P00–P07, P10–P17, P30–P37, P40–P43) Fig. 2.4.33 Timing chart of 38B7 Group and M35501FP M35501FP CLK DIG0 DIG1 DIG2 DIG15 38B7 Group FLD0–FLD35 (P20–P27, P00–P07, P10–P17, P30–P37, P40–P43) ••• Fig. 2.4.34 Timing chart (enlarged view) of digit and segment output ••• ••• Tdisp Toff1 Toff2 ••• 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-121 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Figure 2.4.35 shows the setting of relevant registers. Port P0 digit output set switch register (address 0EF216) P0DOR 00000000 Set P00–P07 to FLD output ports (FLD8–FLD15) Port P2 digit output set switch register (address 0EF316) P2DOR 00000000 Set P20–P27 to FLD output ports (FLD0–FLD7) Port P4FLD/port switch register (address 0EF916) P4FPR 10001111 Set P40–P43 to FLD output ports (FLD32–FLD35) Set P44–P46 to general-purpose I/O ports Set P47 to FLD output port (FLD39) Port P5 direction register (address 000B16) P5D 00000011 Set P50 to output port (for M35501 RESET signal) Set P51 to output port (for M35501 SEL signal) Port P5 (address 000A16) P5 00000000 M35501 RESET signal output (Note 1) M35501 SEL signal “L” output Note 1: After retain RESET signal output “L” for 2 µs or more, release reset by outputting “H” level from RESET signal output at CLK signal = “L” . Fig. 2.4.35 Setting of relevant registers 2-122 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller FLDC mode register (address 0EF416) FLDM 10100001 Automatic display mode Display stopped FLD digit interrupt 16 timing mode Gradation display mode selected Tdisp counter count source : f(XIN)/16 High-breakdown voltage port drivability weak FLD output control register (address 0EFC16) FLDCON 1 P73 as dimmer output Tdisp time set register (address 0EF516) TDISP 3216 50 (3216) set; (50 + 1) ✕ count source = 204 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz Toff1 time set register (address 0EF616) TOFF1 0A16 10 (0A16) set; 10 ✕ count source = 40 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz Toff2 time set register (address 0EF716) (Note 2) TOFF2 1016 16 (1016) set; 16 ✕ count source = 64 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz Note 2: Perform this setting when the gradation display mode is selected. FLD data pointer (address 0EF816) FLDDP 00001 111 Set {(digit number) – 1} = 15 FLDC mode register (address 0EF416) FLDM 10100011 Display start 38B7 Group User’s Manual 2-123 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Setting of FLD automatic display RAM: Table 2.4.6 FLD automatic display RAM map 1 to 16 timing display data stored area Address Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 0E9016 1 FLD35 FLD34 FLD33 FLD32 0E9116 1 0E9216 1 0E9316 1 0E9416 1 0E9516 1 0E9616 1 0E9716 1 0E9816 1 0E9916 1 0E9A16 1 1 0E9B16 0E9C16 1 0E9D16 1 1 0E9E16 0E9F16 1 0EA016 FLD31 FLD30 FLD29 FLD28 FLD27 FLD26 FLD25 FLD24 0EA116 0EA216 0EA316 0EA416 0EA516 0EA616 0EA716 0EA816 0EA916 0EAA16 0EAB16 0EAC16 0EAD16 0EAE16 0EAF16 0EB016 FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 0EB116 0EB216 0EB316 0EB416 0EB516 0EB616 0EB716 0EB816 0EB916 0EBA16 0EBB16 0EBC16 0EBD16 0EBE16 0EBF16 0EC016 FLD15 FLD14 FLD13 FLD12 FLD11 FLD10 FLD9 FLD8 0EC116 0EC216 0EC316 0EC416 0EC516 0EC616 0EC716 0EC816 0EC916 0ECA16 0ECB16 0ECC16 0ECD16 0ECE16 0ECF16 0ED016 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 0ED116 0ED216 0ED316 0ED416 0ED516 0ED616 0ED716 0ED816 0ED916 0EDA16 0EDB16 0EDC16 0EDD16 0EDE16 0EDF16 Gradation display control data stored area Address 0E2016 0E2116 0E2216 0E2316 0E2416 0E2516 0E2616 0E2716 0E2816 0E2916 0E2A16 0E2B16 0E2C16 0E2D16 0E2E16 0E2F16 0E3016 0E3116 0E3216 0E3316 0E3416 0E3516 0E3616 0E3716 0E3816 0E3916 0E3A16 0E3B16 0E3C16 0E3D16 0E3E16 0E3F16 0E4016 0E4116 0E4216 0E4316 0E4416 0E4516 0E4616 0E4716 0E4816 0E4916 0E4A16 0E4B16 0E4C16 0E4D16 0E4E16 0E4F16 0E5016 0E5116 0E5216 0E5316 0E5416 0E5516 0E5616 0E5716 0E5816 0E5916 0E5A16 0E5B16 0E5C16 0E5D16 0E5E16 0E5F16 0E6016 0E6116 0E6216 0E6316 0E6416 0E6516 0E6616 0E6716 0E6816 0E6916 0E6A16 0E6B16 0E6C16 0E6D16 0E6E16 0E6F16 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 1 FLD35 FLD34 FLD33 FLD32 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 FLD31 FLD30 FLD29 FLD28 FLD27 FLD26 FLD25 FLD24 Corresponding digit pin of M35501FP FLD23 FLD22 FLD21 FLD20 FLD19 FLD18 FLD17 FLD16 FLD15 FLD14 FLD13 FLD12 FLD11 FLD10 FLD9 FLD8 FLD7 FLD6 FLD5 FLD4 FLD3 FLD2 FLD1 FLD0 → DIG15 → DIG14 → DIG13 → DIG12 → DIG11 → DIG10 → DIG9 → DIG8 → DIG7 → DIG6 → DIG5 → DIG4 → DIG3 → DIG2 → DIG1 → DIG0 → DIG15 → DIG14 → DIG13 → DIG12 → DIG11 → DIG10 → DIG9 → DIG8 → DIG7 → DIG6 → DIG5 → DIG4 → DIG3 → DIG2 → DIG1 → DIG0 → DIG15 → DIG14 → DIG13 → DIG12 → DIG11 → DIG10 → DIG9 → DIG8 → DIG7 → DIG6 → DIG5 → DIG4 → DIG3 → DIG2 → DIG1 → DIG0 → DIG15 → DIG14 → DIG13 → DIG12 → DIG11 → DIG10 → DIG9 → DIG8 → DIG7 → DIG6 → DIG5 → DIG4 → DIG3 → DIG2 → DIG1 → DIG0 → DIG15 → DIG14 → DIG13 → DIG12 → DIG11 → DIG10 → DIG9 → DIG8 → DIG7 → DIG6 → DIG5 → DIG4 → DIG3 → DIG2 → DIG1 → DIG0 : CLK signal set area to M35501FP : Unused 2-124 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller DIG0 DIG1 DIG2 DIG3 DIG4 DIG5 DIG6 DIG7 DIG8 DIG9 DIG10 DIG11 FLD0 FLD1 FLD2 FLD3 FLD4 FLD5 FLD6 FLD7 FLD8 FLD9 FLD2 6 FLD2 0 FLD2 2 FLD1 8 FLD1 6 FLD2 4 FLD17 FLD1 0 FLD9 FLD2 7 FLD2 8 FLD21 FLD23 FLD19 FLD2 5 FLD10 FLD11 FLD12 FLD1 3FLD1 4 FLD15 FLD16 FLD17FLD1 8 FLD1 9 FLD1 2 FLD1 4 FLD2 FLD8 FLD6 FLD1 3 FLD1 5 FLD3 FLD7 FLD5 FLD1 FLD1 1 DISC TRACK 1 2 34 REC SLEEP 5 6 DATE CLOCK 78 9 DIG13 Y h DIG14 M m RE C DIG15 D s FLD4 FLD0 FLD2 9 FLD20 FLD21FLD2 2 FLD2 3FLD2 4 FLD25 FLD26FLD2 7 FLD2 8 FLD2 9 FLD30 FLD31FLD3 2 FLD3 3 FLD3 4 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 DIG12 FLD3 0 FLD3 1 FLD3 2 FLD3 3 FLD34 FL 3 RDE5C FLD3 5 FLD L L L L L L 1 FLD FLD F4D F5D F6D F7 F8 F9D 2 3 3 4 5 6D 7D 8 0 1 2 FLD D D D FLD FD D D D 10 11 1L1 1L2 1L4 1L5 1L6 1L7 1L7 2 F 3 F3 F4 F5 F6 F8 9 1 1 1 10 1 1 1 1 FLD FLD D D D D D D D 19 20 FL0 2L2 2L2 2L3 2L4 2L5 2L7 21 F 1 F 3 F 4 F 5 F 6 F 6 18 19 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 FLD FLD FLD FD FD FD FD FD FD 28 29 30 3L1 3L2 3L3 3L4 3L5 3L5 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 36 Fig. 2.4.36 FLD digit allocation example Control procedure: Figure 2.4.37 shows the control procedure. RESET qX: This bit is not used for this application. Set “0” or “1” to this bit arbitrarily. Initialization P0DOR (address 0EF216) P2DOR (address 0EF316) P4FPR (address 0EF916) FLDM (address 0EF416) FLDCON (address 0EFC16) TDISP (address 0EF516) TOFF1 (address 0EF616) TOFF2 (address 0EF716) FLDDP (address 0EF816) P5D (address 000B16) P5 (address 000A16) P5 (address 000A16) •• •• 000000002 000000002 100011112 101000012 XXX1XXXX2 3216 0A16 1016 (Note 1) 000011112 000000112 000000002 000000012 FLD port setting Supplying CLK to M35501FP FLD automatic display function setting Port direction registers setting RESET to M35501FP = “L”, SEL = “L” signal output set RESET of M35501FP released (Note 2) FLD automatic display RAM (address 0E9016–0EDF16) Data to be display Setting of CLK data to M35501FP and segment data (Note 3) Gradation display control RAM (addresses 0E2016–0E6F16) Gradation display control data (Note 1) Gradation display control data setting Set “1” for dark display Set “0” for bright display (Note 3) FLDM (address 0EF416), bit 1 1 FLD automatic display start Main processing Notes 1: When selecting the gradation display, set these registers, too. 2: After retaining RESET signal output “L” for 2 µs or more, release reset while CLK signal is “L”. 3: The display data can be rewritten at arbitrary timing. Fig. 2.4.37 Control procedure 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-125 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller (5) Display by combination with digit expander (M35501FP*) (example considering column discrepancy prevention) * For M35501FP, refer to section “ 3.9 M35501FP” . Outline: I n the case of (4), which is displayed by using the digit expander (M35501FP), if a noise enters signals between 38B7 Group and M35501FP, a column discrepancy of display may occur. Prevent the column discrepancy by using the OVFOUT o utput of M35501FP. The OVF OUT p in of M35501FP outputs an overflow signal. The overflow signal is the signal which outputs “H” synchronizing to the last digit output signal of M35501FP, and the signal is output at definite intervals in the correct state. Incorrect state is detected by measuring the output period of this signal, and a column discrepancy is prevented. 38B7 Group P50 P51 P73 CNTR1 P20–P27 P00–P07 P10–P17 P30–P37 P40–P43 M35501FP RESET SEL CLK OVFOUT OVFIN DIG0–DIG15 Digit (16) Fluorescent display (FLD) DISC TRACK Segment (36) 1 2 3 REC SLEEP 45 6 DATE CLOCK 78 9 Y h M m REC D s 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Fig. 2.4.38 Connection diagram Specifications: • Use of M35501FP (M35501: 16 digits, 38B7 Group: 36 segments) _____________ Ports P5 0 a nd P5 1 o f 38B7 Group supply signal to the RESET and SEL pins of M35501FP respectively. The P73 p in (dimmer output pin) supply signals to the CLK pin of M35501FP. •Use of FLD automatic display mode of 38B7 Group •Display in gradation display mode and 16 timing mode •Toff1 = 40 µ s, Toff2 = 64 µ s, Tdisp = 204 µs, f(XIN ) = 4 MHz Countermeasures against → • OVFOUT o utput of M35501FP input to CNTR1 p in of 38B7 Group column discrepancycolumn Input signal to CNTR1 p in is counted as a count source by timer discrepancy 4 of 38B7 Group The timer 6 interrupt is generated each time FLD display period (Tdisp (204 µs) ✕ 1 6 column = 3.264 ms), and a value of timer 4 is confirmed. M35501FP is reset at incorrect state. Figure 2.4.39 shows the timing chart (at correct state) of 38B7 Group and M35501FP, and Figure 2.4.40 shows the timing chart (at incorrect state) of 38B7 Group and M35501FP. 2-126 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller M35501FP RESET SEL OVFIN OVFOUT CLK DIG0 DIG1 DIG14 DIG15 38B7 Group FLD0–FLD35 (P20–P27, P00–P07, P10–P17, P30–P37, P40–P43) Fig. 2.4.39 Timing chart (at correct state) of 38B7 Group and M35501FP M35501FP RESET SEL OVFIN OVFOUT CLK DIG0 DIG1 Noise DIG14 DIG15 38B7 Group FLD0–FLD35 (P20–P27, P00–P07, P10–P17, P30–P37, P40–P43) Fig. 2.4.40 Timing chart (at incorrect state) of 38B7 Group and M35501FP ••• ••• ••• 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual ••• Column discrepancy occur 2-127 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Figure 2.4.41 shows the setting of relevant registers. Port P0 digit output set switch register (address 0EF216) P0DOR 00000000 Set P00–P07 to FLD output ports (FLD8–FLD15) Port P2 digit output set switch register (address 0EF316) P2DOR 00000000 Set P20–P27 to FLD output ports (FLD0–FLD7) Port P4FLD/port switch register (address 0EF916) P4FPR 10001111 Set P40–P43 to FLD output ports (FLD32–FLD35) Set P44–P46 to general-purpose I/O ports Set P47 to FLD output port (FLD39) Port P5 direction register (address 000B16) P5D 11 Set P50 to general-purpose output port (for M35501 RESET signal) Set P51 to general-purpose output port (for M35501 SEL signal) Port P5 (address 000A16) P5 00 M35501 RESET signal output (Note 1) M35501 SEL signal “L” output Note 1: After retain RESET signal output “L” for 2 µs or more, release reset by outputting “H” level from RESET signal output at CLK signal = “L” . FLDC mode register (address 0EF416) FLDM 10100001 Automatic display mode Display stopped FLD digit interrupt 16 timing mode Gradation display mode selected Tdisp counter count source : f(XIN)/16 High-breakdown voltage port drivability weak FLD output control register (address 0EFC16) FLDCON 1 P73 as dimmer output Tdisp time set register (address 0EF516) TDISP 3216 50 (3216) set; (50 + 1) ✕ count source = 204 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz 10 (0A16) set; 10 ✕ count source = 40 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz 16 (1016) set; 16 ✕ count source = 64 µs Count source = f(XIN)/16 = 4 µs, at f(XIN) = 4 MHz Toff1 time set register (address 0EF616) TOFF1 0A16 Toff2 time set register (address 0EF716) (Note 2) TOFF2 1016 Note 2: Perform this setting when the gradation display mode is selected. Fig. 2.4.41 Setting of relevant registers 2-128 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller FLD data pointer (address 0EF816) FLDDP 00001111 Set {(digit number) – 1} = 15 Interrupt edge selection register (address 003A16) INTEDGE 0 CNTR1 pin rising edge active Timer 34 mode register (address 002916) T34M 0 10 1 Timer 4 count stop, count start at FLD display started Timer 4 count source: External count input CNTR1 Timer 4 (address 002316) T4 FF16 Check value of T4 each time timer 6 interrupt occurrence When the value is FE16, it is judged as correct state Timer 56 mode register (address 002A16) T56M 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 Timer 5 count stop, count start at FLD display started Timer 6 count stop, count start at FLD display started Timer 5 count source: f(XIN)/8 Timer 6: Timer mode Timer 6 count source: Timer 5 underflow P74 as I/O port Timer 5 (address 002416) T5 0716 Timer 6 interrupt occurs at 3.264 ms intervals Timer 6 (address 002516) T6 CB16 Interrupt request register 2 (address 003D16) IREQ2 0 Clear timer 6 interrupt request Interrupt control register 2 (address 003F16) ICON2 0 1 Timer 6 interrupt enabled FLDC mode register (address 0EF416) FLDM 10100011 Display start 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-129 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Control procedure: Figure 2.4.42 shows the control procedure. RESET qX: This bit is not used for this application. Set “0” or “1” to this bit arbitrarily. Initialization P0DOR (address 0EF216) P2DOR (address 0EF316) P4FPR (address 0EF916) FLDM (address 0EF416) FLDCON (address 0EFC16) TDISP (address 0EF516) TOFF1 (address 0EF616) TOFF2 (address 0EF716) FLDDP (address 0EF816) P5D (address 000B16) P5 (address 000A16) T34M (address 002916) INTEDGE (address 003A16), bit 7 T4 (address 002316) T56M (address 002A16) T5 (address 002416) T6 (address 002516) P5 (address 000A16) ••• FLD automatic display RAM (addresses 0E9016–0EDF16) Data to be display Setting of CLK data to M35501FP and segment data (Note 3) Gradation display control RAM (addresses 0E2016–0E6F16) Gradation display control data (Note 1) 0 1 0 002 1 Setting of gradation display control data Set “1” for dark display Set “0” for bright display (Note 3) IREQ2 (address 003D16), bit 2 ICON2 (address 003F16), bit 2 T34M (address 002916), bit 0 T56M (address 002A16), bit 0, 1 FLDM (address 0EF416), bit 1 Timer 6 interrupt request bit cleared Timer 6 interrupt enabled Timer 4, timer 5, timer 6 count start (Note 4) FLD automatic display start (Note 4) ••• 000000002 000000002 100011112 101000012 XXX1XXXX2 3216 0A16 1016 (Note 1) 000011112 XXXXXX112 XXXXXX002 0X10XX1X2 0 FF16 000100112 0716 CB16 XXXXXX012 FLD port setting Supplying CLK to M35501FP FLD automatic display function setting Port direction register setting RESET to M35501FP = “L”, SEL = “L” signal output setting Timer 4 setting Timer 5, timer 6 setting RESET of M35501FP released (Note 2) Main processing Fig. 2.4.42 Control procedure 2-130 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller Timer 6 interrupt routine Interrupt occurs each time FLD display cycle = 3.264 ms Push registers to stack, etc. Check timer 4 data ? Correct data (FE16) Check of OVFOUT output number during FLD display cycle Only 1 time (=FE16) is correct. Incorrect data (except FE16) Error processing FLDM (address 0EF416), bit 1 0 FLD turned off Transfer present display contents to work RAM Display data is retained as backup. P5 (address 000A16) P5 (address 000A16) •• XXXXXX002 XXXXXX012 Setting of RESET to M35501FP = “L”, SEL = “L” signal output Releasing RESET of M35501FP (Note 2) Setting of CLK data to M35501FP Setting of segment data by display data of backup (Note 5) Setting of gradation display control data Set “1” for dark display Set “0” for bright display FLD automatic display RAM (addresses 0E9016–0EDF16) Data to be display Gradation display control RAM (addresses 0E2016–0E6F16) Gradation display control data (Note 1) T56M (address 002A16), bit 0, 1 FLDM (address 0EF416), bit 1 002 1 Timer 5, timer 6 count start (Note 4) FLD turned on, automatic display start (Note 4) T4 (address 002316) Pop registers •• FF16 Setting of timer 4 again R TI Notes 1: When selecting the gradation display, set these registers, too. 2: After retaining RESET signal output “L” for 2 µs or more, release reset while CLK signal is “L”. 3: The display data can be rewritten at arbitrary timing. 4: Synchronize count start timing of timer 5 and timer 6 with FLD automatic display start timing as possible. 5: Set segment data of M35501FP at reset and others according to necessity. 38B7 Group User’s Manual 2-131 APPLICATION 2.4 FLD controller 2.4.4 Notes on FLD controller q S et a value of 0316 o r more to the Toff1 time set register. q When displaying in the gradation display mode, select the 16 timing mode by the timing number control bit (bit 4 of FLDC mode register (address 0EF4 16 ) = “ 0 ” ). 2-132 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.5 A-D converter 2.5 A-D converter This paragraph describes the setting method of A-D converter relevant registers, notes etc. 2.5.1 Memory assignment Address 003216 AD/DA control register (ADCON) 003316 A-D conversion register (low-order) (ADL) 003416 A-D conversion register (high-order) (ADH) 003916 003D16 003E16 003F16 Interrupt source switch register (IFR) Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) (Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1)) Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) Fig. 2.5.1 Memory assignment of A-D converter relevant registers 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-133 APPLICATION 2.5 A-D converter 2.5.2 Relevant registers AD/DA control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 AD/DA control register (ADCON: address 3216) b Name b3 b2 b1 b0 Functions 0 0 0 0: PA0/AN0 0 0 0 1: PA1/AN1 0 0 1 0: PA2/AN2 0 0 1 1: PA3/AN3 0 1 0 0: PA4/AN4 0 1 0 1: PA5/AN5 0 1 1 0: PA6/AN6 0 1 1 1: PA7/AN7 1 0 0 0: P90/SIN3/AN8 1 0 0 1: P91/SOUT3/AN9 1 0 1 0: P92/SCLK3/AN10 1 0 1 1: P93/SRDY3/AN11 1 1 0 0: P94/RTP1/AN12 1 1 0 1: P95/RTP0/AN13 1 1 1 0: P96/PWM0/AN14 1 1 1 1: P97/BUZ02/AN15 At reset R W 0 0 Analog input pin selection bits 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 AD conversion 0: Conversion in progress 1: Conversion completed completion bit 5 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0: DA output disabled 6 DA output enable bit 1: DA output enabled 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 1 0 0 0 Fig. 2.5.2 Structure of AD/DA control register 2-134 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.5 A-D converter A-D conversion register (low-order) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 A-D conversion register (low-order) (ADL: address 3316) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Functions Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are write disabled bits. When these bits are read out, the contents are “0”. At reset R W Undefined Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined Undefined These are A-D conversion result (low-order 2 bits) stored bits. This is read exclusive register. Note: Do not read this register during A-D conversion. Fig. 2.5.3 Structure of A-D conversion register (low-order) A-D conversion register (high-order) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 A-D conversion register (high-order) (ADH: address 3416) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 0 This is A-D conversion result (high-order 8 bits) stored 1 bits. This is read exclusive register. 2 3 4 5 6 7 Note: Do not read this register during A-D conversion. Fig. 2.5.4 Structure of A-D conversion register (high-order) 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-135 APPLICATION 2.5 A-D converter Interrupt source switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt source switch register (IFR: address 3916) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 INT3/serial I/O2 transmit interrupt switch bit 0: INT3 intrrupt 1: Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt 0: INT4 interrupt 1 INT4/A-D conversion interrupt 1: A-D conversion intrerrupt switch bit 0: INT1 intrrupt 2 INT1/serial I/O3 interrupt switch bit 1: Serial I/O3 interrupt 3 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are write 4 disabled bits. When these bits are read out, the contents are “0”. 5 6 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.5.5 Structure of Interrupt source switch register Interrupt request register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2 : address 3D16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 ✽ ✽ ✽ ✽ ✽ 0 : No interrupt request issued 0 Timer 4 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 Timer 5 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit Timer 6 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request issued 2 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 3 Serial I/O2 receive 0 : No interrupt request issued interrupt request bit 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 4 INT3/Serial I/O2 1 : Interrupt request issued transmit interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 5 INT4 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit A-D converter interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 6 FLD blanking interrupt request bit 1 : Interrupt request issued FLD digit interrupt request bit 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. ✽: “0” can be set by software, but “1” cannot be set. 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 Fig. 2.5.6 Structure of Interrupt request register 2 2-136 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.5 A-D converter Interrupt control register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2 : address 3F16) b Name Functions 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 Timer 4 interrupt enable bit 1 Timer 5 interrupt enable bit 2 Timer 6 interrupt enable bit 3 Serial I/O2 receive interrupt enable bit 4 INT3/Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt enable bit 5 INT4 interrupt enable bit A-D converter interrupt enable bit 6 FLD blanking interrupt enable bit FLD digit interrupt enable bit 7 Fix “0” to this bit. 0 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 Fig. 2.5.7 Structure of Interrupt control register 2 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-137 APPLICATION 2.5 A-D converter 2.5.3 A-D converter application examples (1) Read-in of analog signal Outline: T he analog input voltage input from a sensor is converted to digital values. Figure 2.5.8 shows a connection diagram, and Figure 2.5.9 shows the setting of relevant registers. PA0/AN0 Sensor 38B7 Group Fig. 2.5.8 Connection diagram Specifications: • Conversion of analog input voltage input from sensor to digital values • Use of PA 0/AN0 p in as analog input pin AD/DA control register (address 003216) ADCON 00000 Analog input pin : PA0/AN0 selected A-D conversion start A-D conversion register (low-order) (address 003316) b7 b0 A DL (Read-only) A result of A-D conversion is stored (Note). A-D conversion register (high-order) (address 003416) b7 b0 ADH (Read-only) A result of A-D conversion is stored (Note). Note: After bit 4 of ADCON is set to “1”, read out both registers in order of ADH (address 003416) and ADL (address 003316) following. Fig. 2.5.9 Setting of relevant registers 2-138 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.5 A-D converter Control procedure: A -D converter is started by performing register setting shown Figure 2.5.9. Figure 2.5.10 shows the control procedure. ~ ~ ADCON (address 003216), bit 0–bit 3 ← 00002 ←0 ADCON (address 003216), bit 4 • PA0/AN0 pin selected as analog input pin • A-D conversion start 0 ADCON (address 003216), bit 4 ? • Judgment of A-D conversion completion 1 Read out ADH (address 003416) • Read out of high-order (b9–b2) conversion result Read out ADL (address 003316) • Read out of low-order (b1, b0) conversion result ~ ~ Fig. 2.5.10 Control procedure 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-139 APPLICATION 2.5 A-D converter 2.5.4 Notes on A-D converter (1) Analog input pin s M ake the signal source impedance for analog input low, or equip an analog input pin with an external capacitor of 0.01 µF to 1 µF. Further, be sure to verify the operation of application products on the user side. q Reason An analog input pin includes the capacitor for analog voltage comparison. Accordingly, when signals from signal source with high impedance are input to an analog input pin, charge and discharge noise generates. This may cause the A-D conversion precision to be worse. (2) A-D converter power source pin The AVSS p in is A-D converter power source pin. Regardless of using the A-D conversion function or not, connect it as following : • A VSS : C onnect to the V SS l ine q Reason If the AV SS p in is opened, the microcomputer may have a failure because of noise or others. (3) Clock frequency during A-D conversion The comparator consists of a capacity coupling, and a charge of the capacity will be lost if the clock frequency is too low. Thus, make sure the following during an A-D conversion. • f (XIN ) is 250 kHz or more • D o not execute the S TP i nstruction and W IT i nstruction 2-140 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.6 D-A converter 2.6 D-A converter This paragraph describes the setting method of D-A converter relevant registers, notes etc. 2.6.1 Memory assignment Address 002B16 D-A conversion register (DA) AD/DA control register (ADCON) 003216 Fig. 2.6.1 Memory assignment of D-A converter relevant registers 2.6.2 Relevant registers D-A conversion register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 D-A conversion register (DA: address 2B16) b Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 •This is a register for set of D-A conversion output value. 1 • D-A conversion is performed automatically by setting a value in this register. 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fig. 2.6.2 Structure of D-A conversion register 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-141 APPLICATION 2.6 D-A converter AD/DA control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 AD/DA control register (ADCON: address 3216) b Name b3 b2 b1 b0 Functions 0 0 0 0: PA0/AN0 0 0 0 1: PA1/AN1 0 0 1 0: PA2/AN2 0 0 1 1: PA3/AN3 0 1 0 0: PA4/AN4 0 1 0 1: PA5/AN5 0 1 1 0: PA6/AN6 0 1 1 1: PA7/AN7 1 0 0 0: P90/SIN3/AN8 1 0 0 1: P91/SOUT3/AN9 1 0 1 0: P92/SCLK3/AN10 1 0 1 1: P93/SRDY3/AN11 1 1 0 0: P94/RTP1/AN12 1 1 0 1: P95/RTP0/AN13 1 1 1 0: P96/PWM0/AN14 1 1 1 1: P97/BUZ02/AN15 At reset R W 0 0 Analog input pin selection bits 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 AD conversion 0: Conversion in progress 1: Conversion completed completion bit 5 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0: DA output disabled 6 DA output enable bit 1: DA output enabled 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 1 0 0 0 Fig. 2.6.3 Structure of AD/DA control register 2-142 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.6 D-A converter 2.6.3 D-A converter application examples Outline: D igital value is converted to the analog output voltage. Figure 2.6.4 shows a connection diagram, and Figure 2.6.5 shows the setting of relevant registers. PB0/DA Electric volume 38B7 Group Fig. 2.6.4 Connection diagram Specifications: • Conversion of digital value to analog output voltage. AD/DA control register (address 3216) b7 b0 ADCON 0 DA output disabled D-A conversion register (address 2B16) b7 b0 DA Output value “n” of D-A conversion (Note). Note: The output analog voltage V is determined by the value n (decimal notation) as follows: V = VREF ✕ n / 256 (n = 0 to 255) VREF: Reference voltage Fig. 2.6.5 Setting of relevant registers 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-143 APPLICATION 2.6 D-A converter Control procedure: D -A converter is started by performing register setting shown Figure 2.6.5. Figure 2.6.6 shows the control procedure. ~ ~ ADCON (address 3216) ← X0XXXXXX2 q X: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. • D-A output disabled DA (address 2B16) • D-A conversion started by writing data into D-A conversion register ADCON (address 3216) ← X1XXXXXX2 • D-A output enabled ADCON (address 3216) ← X0XXXXXX2 • D-A output disabled ~ ~ Fig. 2.6.6 Control procedure 2.6.4 Notes on D-A converter (1) PB 0/DA pin state at reset The PB0/DA pin becomes a high-impedance state at reset. (2) Connection with low-impedance load If connecting a D-A output with a load having a low impedance, use an external buffer. It is because the D-A converter circuit does not include a buffer. (3) Usable voltage Vcc must be 3.0 V or more when using the D-A converter. 2-144 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.7 PWM 2.7 PWM This paragraph describes the setting method of PWM relevant registers, notes etc. 2.7.1 Memory assignment Address 002616 003516 003616 PWM control register (PWMCON) PWM register (high-order) (PWMH) PWM register (low-order) (PWML) Fig. 2.7.1 Memory assignment of PWM relevant registers 2.7.2 Relevant registers PWM control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 PWM control register (PWMCON: address 2616) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0: I/O port 0 P96/PWM0 output selection bit 1: PWM0 output 1 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are 2 write disabled bits. When these bits are read out, 3 the contents are “0”. 4 5 6 7 Fig. 2.7.2 Structure of PWM control register 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-145 APPLICATION 2.7 PWM PWM register (high-order) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 PWM register (high-order) (PWMH: address 3516) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 • High-order 8 bits of PWM0 output data is set. • The values set in this register is transferred to 1 the PWM latch each sub-period cycle (64 µs). (At f(XIN) = 4 MHz) 2 • When this register is read out, the value of the 3 PWM register (high-order) is read out. 4 5 6 7 Fig. 2.7.3 Structure of PWM register (high-order) PWM register (low-order) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 PWM register (low-order) (PWML: address 3616) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 • Low-order 6 bits of PWM0 output data is set. • The values set in this register is transferred to 1 the PWM latch at each PWM cycle period (4096 µs). 2 (At f(XIN) = 4 MHz) 3 • When this register is read out, the value of the PWM latch (low-order 6 bits) is read out. 4 5 6 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This bit is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 7 • This bit indicates whether the transfer to the PWM latch is completed. 0: Transfer is completed 1: Transfer is not completed • This bit is set to “1” at writing. ✕ ✕ Undefined Fig. 2.7.4 Structure of PWM register (low-order) 2-146 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.7 PWM 2.7.3 PWM application example (1) Control of VS tuner Figure 2.7.5 shows a connection diagram, and Figure 2.7.6 shows the setting of relevant registers. VS tuner A NT P96/PWM0/AN14 Filter 0 to 32 V VT 38B7 Group Fig. 2.7.5 Connection diagram Outline: • C ontrol of VS tuner by using the 14-bit resolution PWM 0 o utput function • f (X IN) = 4 MHz PWM control register (address 002616) PWMCON 1 Select PWM output Note: The PWM output function has priority even when the bit corresponded to the P96 pin of the port P9 direction register is set to the input mode. PWM register (high-order) (address 003516) PWMH Set high-order 8 bits (N) of a 14-bit data to be output Note: Depending on data (N) of the high-order 8 bits, the period (250 ✕ N) of the “H” level during the sub period (64 µs) is determined. PWM register (low-order) (address 003616) PWML Set low-order 6 bits (m) of a 14-bit data to be output Note: Depending on data (m) of the low-order 6 bits, the number of sub period to which the ADD bit is to be added within the repetitive cycle consisting of 64 sub periods is determined. When output data is written to the PWM register (low-order), bit 7 of this register becomes “1”. When completing to transfer data from the PWM register (low-order) to the PWM latch, bit 7 becomes “0”. Fig. 2.7.6 Setting of relevant registers 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-147 APPLICATION 2.7 PWM Control procedure: PWM waveform is output to the external by setting relevant registers shown in Figure 2.7.6. This PWM 0 o utput is integrated through the low pass filter and converted into DC signals for control of the VS tuner. Figure 2.7.7 shows the control procedure. ~ ~ PWMCON (address 002616), bit 0 1 The P96/PWM0/AN14 pin is set to the PWM output pin. PWMH (address 003516) PWML (address 003616) Data to be output After setting data, PWM waveform corresponding to the new data is output from the next repetitive cycle. ~ ~ Fig. 2.7.7 Control procedure 2.7.4 Notes on PWM q F or PWM 0 o utput, “L” level is output first. q A fter data is set to the PWM register (low-order) and the PWM register (high-order), PWM waveform corresponding to new data is output from next repetitive cycle. PWM0 output data change Modified data is output from next repetitive cycle. Fig. 2.7.8 PWM0 o utput 2-148 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.8 Interrupt interval determination function 2.8 Interrupt interval determination function This paragraph describes the setting method of interrupt interval determination function relevant registers, notes etc. 2.8.1 Memory assignment Address 003016 Interrupt interval determination register (IID) 003116 Interrupt interval determination control register (IIDCON) 003A16 Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE) 003B16 003C16 003D16 003E16 (CPU mode register (CPUM)) Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) (Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2)) Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) Fig. 2.8.1 Memory assignment of interrupt interval determination function relevant registers 2.8.2 Relevant registers Interrupt interval determination register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt interval determination register (IID: address 3016) b Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • This register stores a value which is obtained by counting a following interval with the 1 counter sampling clock. 2 Rising interval 3 Falling interval Both edges interval (Note) 4 (Selected by interrupt edge selection register) 5 • Read exclusive register 6 7 Note: When the noise filter sampling clock selection bits (bits 2, 3) of the interrupt interval determination control register is “00”, the both-sided edge detection function cannot be used. Fig. 2.8.2 Structure of Interrupt interval determination register 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-149 APPLICATION 2.8 Interrupt interval determination function Interrupt interval determination control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt interval determination control register (IIDCON: address 3116) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0: Stopped 0 Interrupt interval determination circuit 1: Operating operating selection bit 1 Counter sampling clock selection bit 2 Noise filter sampling clock 3 selection bits (INT2) 4 One-sided/bothsided edge detection selection bit 0: f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN) 1: f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/2 b3 b2 0 0 0 0 0 0: Filter is not used. 0 1: f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN) 1 0: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/2 1 1: f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/4 0: One-sided edge detection 1: Both-sided edge detection (Note) 5 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are 6 write disabled bits. When these bits are read 7 out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 Note: When the noise filter sampling clock selection bits (bits 2, 3) is “00”, the both-sided edge detection function cannot be used. Fig. 2.8.3 Structure of Interrupt interval determination control register Interrupt edge selection register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE : address 3A16) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 INT0 interrupt edge 0 : Falling edge active selection bit 1 : Rising edge active INT1 interrupt edge 0 : Falling edge active selection bit 1 : Rising edge active INT2 interrupt edge 0 : Falling edge active 1 : Rising edge active selection bit INT3 interrupt edge 0 : Falling edge active selection bit 1 : Rising edge active INT4 interrupt edge 0 : Falling edge active 1 : Rising edge active selection bit Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. CNTR0 pin edge 0 : Rising edge count switch bit 1 : Falling edge count CNTR1 pin edge 0 : Rising edge count 1 : Falling edge count switch bit 0 0 Fig. 2.8.4 Structure of Interrupt edge selection register 2-150 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.8 Interrupt interval determination function Interrupt request register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1 : address 3C16) b Name Functions 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued At reset R W 0 ✽ 0 INT0 interrupt request bit 1 INT1/serial I/O3 0 : No interrupt request interrupt request bit issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 2 INT2 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request request bit issued Remote controller 1 : Interrupt request issued /counter overflow interrupt request bit 3 Serial I/O1 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request issued request bit Serial I/O automatic 1 : Interrupt request issued transfer interrupt request bit 4 Timer X interrupt request bit 5 Timer 1 interrupt request bit 6 Timer 2 interrupt request bit 7 Timer 3 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ ✽: “0” can be set by software, but “1” cannot be set. Fig. 2.8.5 Structure of Interrupt request register 1 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-151 APPLICATION 2.8 Interrupt interval determination function Interrupt control register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1 : address 3E16) b Name Functions 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled At reset R W 0 0 0 0 INT0 interrupt enable bit 1 INT1/serial I/O3 interrupt enable bit 2 INT2 interrupt enable bit Remote controller /counter overflow interrupt enable bit 3 Serial I/O1 interrupt enable bit Serial I/O automatic transfer interrupt enable bit 4 Timer X interrupt enable bit 5 Timer 1 interrupt enable bit 6 Timer 2 interrupt enable bit 7 Timer 3 interrupt enable bit 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.8.6 Structure of Interrupt control register 1 2-152 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.8 Interrupt interval determination function 2.8.3 Interrupt interval determination function application examples (1) Reception of remote-control signal Outline: Remote-control signal is read in by both of the interrupt interval determination function using a noise filter and a timer interrupt. P72/INT2 Receiver unit Remote controller 38B7 Group Fig. 2.8.7 Connection diagram Specifications: • M easurement of one-sided edge interval • U se of noise filter • C heck of remote control interrupt request within the timer 2 interrupt (488 µ s period) processing routine • O peration at f(XIN ) = 4 MHz in high-speed mode Figure 2.8.8 shows the function block diagram, and Figure 2.8.9 shows a timing chart of data determination. Microcomputer hardware Receiver unit Noise filter • Noise elimination • One-sided edge detection Interrupt interval determination register Microcomputer software Determination of header or 0/1 1-byte reception Data check • Recognition bit number of each code • One-sided edge interval judgment • Read out register • Comparison of read out value with reference value Fig. 2.8.8 Function block diagram Input (INT2) (Overflow) Interrupt request Timer 2 interrupt (488 µs) Interrupt interval determination register read-in Data determination Ignore Header 0 1 ••• 1 Ignore Ignore Check of excess bit 1-byte reception Fig. 2.8.9 Timing chart of data determination 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-153 APPLICATION 2.8 Interrupt interval determination function Figure 2.8.10 shows the setting of relevant registers. CPU mode register (address 003B16) CP UM 0 High-speed (f(XIN)) mode operation Interrupt edge selection register (address 003A16) INTEDGE 0 INT2 pin: Falling edge active Interrupt interval determination control register (address 003116) IIDCON 01011 Interrupt interval determination circuit: Operating Counter sampling clock: f(XIN)/256 Noise filter sampling clock: f(XIN)/64 One-sided edge detection Interrupt request register 1 (address 003C16) IREQ1 Determination of remote controller/counter overflow interrupt request bit Interrupt control register 1 (address 003E16) ICON1 0 Remote controller/counter overflow interrupt: Disabled Interrupt interval determination register (address 003016) IID Determination of header/data (0/1) with this value Fig. 2.8.10 Setting of relevant registers 2-154 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.8 Interrupt interval determination function Control procedure: W hen the registers are set as shown in Figure 2.8.10, remote-control signals are receivable. Figure 2.8.11 shows the control procedure, and Figure 2.8.12 shows the reception of remote-control data (timer 2 interrupt). RESET qX: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SEI CPUM (address 003B16), bit 6 INTEDGE (address 003A16), bit 2 IIDCON (address 003116) IREQ1 (address 003C16), bit 2 NOP ICON1 (address 003E16), bit 2 ..... 0 0 XXX010112 0 0 ..... ..... CLI ~ ~ Fig. 2.8.11 Control procedure 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-155 APPLICATION 2.8 Interrupt interval determination function Timer 2 interrupt Push registers to stack etc. Input edge ? (IREQ1, bit 2 = ?) Y Clear edge (IREQ1, bit 2 = 0) N During checking excess bit ? Y N Y During checking excess bit ? N Read IID (address 003016) Number of bits error (Excess bit is found) R TI Y Excess bit determined counter over ? Y Fixed data N IID (address 003016) = FF16 ? N In range of header ? Y R TI Time error R TI Start receiving data etc. N RTI Out of range of 0 or 1 In range of data, 0 or 1 ? In range of 1 Time error CY ← 1 CY ← 0 In range of 0 R TI Shift reception data Complete to receive ? Y Start checking excess bit N RTI Fig. 2.8.12 Reception of remote-control data (timer 2 interrupt) 2-156 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.9 Watchdog timer 2.9 Watchdog timer This paragraph describes the setting method of watchdog timer relevant register, notes etc. 2.9.1 Memory assignment Address 003B16 0EEE16 CPU mode register (CPUM) Watchdog timer contort register (WDTCON) Fig. 2.9.1 Memory assignment of watchdog timer relevant register 2.9.2 Relevant register Watchdog timer control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON: address 0EEE16) b Name Functions At reset R W 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Watchdog timer H 1 (high-order 6 bits of reading exclusive) 2 3 4 5 6 STP instruction 0: STP instruction enabled disable bit 1: STP instruction disabled 7 Watchdog timer H 0: Watchdog timer L count source underflow selection bit 1: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 Fig. 2.9.2 Structure of Watchdog timer control register 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-157 APPLICATION 2.9 Watchdog timer CPU mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 1 00 CPU mode register (CPUM: address 3B16) b Name b1 b0 Functions 00 : Single-chip mode 01 : 10 : Not available 11 : 0 : Page 0 1 : Page 1 At reset R W 0 0 0 1 0 Processor mode bits 1 2 Stack page selection bit 3 Fix this bit to “1”. 4 Port Xc switch bit 5 Main clock (XINXOUT) stop bit Main clock division 6 ratio selection bit 7 Internal system clock selection bit 0: I/O port function 1: XCIN-XCOUT oscillation function 0: Oscillating 1: Stopped 0: f(XIN) (high-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/4 (middle-speed mode) 0: XIN–XOUT selection (middle-/high-speed mode) 1: XCIN–XCOUT selection (low-speed mode) 0 0 1 0 Fig. 2.9.3 Structure of CPU mode register 2-158 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.9 Watchdog timer 2.9.3 Watchdog timer application examples Outline: W hen a program runs away, the watchdog timer makes the microcomputer return to the reset state. Specifications: •When the watchdog timer H underflows, it is judged as incorrect program, and the microcomputer is returned to the reset state. • Bit 7 of the watchdog timer control register is set to “ 0 ” a t each cycle of the main routine before underflow of the watchdog timer H. (Initialization of watchdog timer value) • Use of watchdog timer L underflow as count source of watchdog timer H • Setting of main clock division ratio to f(XIN) (high-speed mode) Figure 2.9.4 shows the connection of watchdog timer and the setting of the division ratio. Figure 2.9.5 shows the setting of relevant registers and Figure 2.9.6 shows the control procedure. Fixed f(XIN) = 4 MHz 1/8 Watchdog timer L 1/256 Watchdog timer H 1/256 Reset circuit Internal reset RESET STP instruction disable bit STP instruction Fig. 2.9.4 Connection of watchdog timer and setting of division ratio CPU mode register (address 3B16) b7 b0 CP UM 000 1 00 Single-chip mode Main clock (XIN-XOUT): Oscillating High-speed (f(XIN)) mode operation Internal system clock: XIN-XOUT Watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE16) b7 b0 WDTCON 00 Wachdog timer H: High-order 6 bits of reading exclusive STP instruction: Enabled Watchdog timer H count source: Underflow of watchdog timer L Fig. 2.9.5 Setting of relevant registers 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-159 APPLICATION 2.9 Watchdog timer RESET qX: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SEI CLT CLD CPUM (address 3B16) CLI •••• •All interrupts disabled •CPU mode register setting (single-chip mode, main clock oscillating, high-speed mode) •Interrupts enabled 000X1X002 WDTCON (address 0EEE16), bit7, bit6 002 •WDT L underflow as WDT H count source •STP instruction enabled Main processing Fig. 2.9.6 Control procedure 2.9.4 Notes on watchdog timer q The watchdog timer continues to count even while waiting for stop release. Accordingly, make sure that watchdog timer does not underflow during this term by writing to the watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE 16 ) once before executing the STP instruction, etc. q O nce a “ 1 ” i s written to the STP instruction disable bit (bit 6) of the watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE 16), it cannot be programmed to “ 0 ” a gain. This bit becomes “ 0 ” a fter reset. 2-160 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.10 Buzzer output circuit 2.10 Buzzer output circuit The output frequency can be selected from 1 kHz, 2 kHz, or 4 kHz (at f(XIN) = 4.19 MHz), and the output port can be selected between either the B UZ01 p in or the B UZ02 p in. This paragraph describes the setting method of buzzer output circuit relevant register, notes etc. 2.10.1 Memory assignment Address 0EFD16 Buzzer output control register (BUZCON) Fig. 2.10.1 Memory assignment of buzzer output circuit relevant register 2.10.2 Relevant register The buzzer output circuit starts outputting a buzzer by setting the buzzer output ON/OFF bit (bit 4) of the buzzer output control register. Figure 2.10.2 shows the structure of the buzzer output control register. Buzzer output control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Buzzer output control register (BUZCON: address 0EFD16) b Name b1b0 Functions 0 0: 1 kHz (f(XIN)/4096) 0 1: 2 kHz (f(XIN)/2048) 1 0: 4 kHz (f(XIN)/1024) 1 1: Not available b3b2 At reset R W 0 0 0 Output frequency selection bits 1 2 Output port selection bits 3 0 0: P77 and P97 function as ordinary ports. 0 1: P77/BUZ01 functions as a buzzer output. 1 0: P97/BUZ02/AN15 functions as a buzzer output. 1 1: Not available 0 0 4 Buzzer output ON/OFF bit 0: Buzzer output OFF (“0” output) 1: Buzzer output ON 5 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are 6 write disabled bits. When these bits are read 7 out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 0 Fig. 2.10.2 Structure of buzzer output control register 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-161 APPLICATION 2.10 Buzzer output circuit 2.10.3 Buzzer output circuit application examples Outline: A b uzzer output is performed by using the buzzer output circuit. Specifications: • f(XIN ) = 4.19 MHz, buzzer output frequency = 4 kHz •Buzzer output from B UZ01 p in Figure 2.10.3 shows the connection of buzzer output circuit and the setting of the division ratio. Figure 2.10.4 shows the setting of relevant register. Figure 2.10.5 shows the control procedure. Port latch f(XIN) = 4.19 MHz 1/1024 Buzzer output (4 kHz) Buzzer output ON/OFF bit Output port control signal Port direction register Fig. 2.10.3 Connection of buzzer output circuit and setting of division ratio Buzzer output control register (address 0EFD16) BUZCON 00110 Output frequency: 4 kHz (f(XIN)/1024) P77/Buz01: Buzzer output Buzzer output: OFF Fig. 2.10.4 Setting of relevant register RESET qX: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization SEI CLT CLD •••• BUZCON (address 0EFD16) CLI •••• XXX001102 Buzzer output control register setting (output frequency = 4 kHz, Buz01 output, buzzer output OFF) ~ ~ BUZCON (address 0EFD16), bit 4 1 Buzzer output ON ~ ~ Fig. 2.10.5 Control procedure 2-162 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.11 Reset circuit 2.11 Reset circuit ____________ The reset state is caused by applying an “L” level to the RESET pin. After that, the reset state is released ____________ by applying an “H” level to the RESET pin, so that the program is executed in the middle-speed mode from the contents of the reset vector address. 2.11.1 Connection example of reset IC Figure 2.11.1 shows the example of power-on reset circuit. Figure 2.11.2 shows the system example which switches to the RAM backup mode by detecting a drop of the system power source voltage with the INT interrupt. VCC Power source Output M62022L RESET Delay capacity 0.1µF VSS GND 38B7 Group Fig. 2.11.1 Example of power-on reset circuit System power source voltage +5V VCC1 RESET VCC2 INT VCC RESET INT VSS V1 GND Cd 38B7 Group M62009L, M62009P, M62009FP Fig. 2.11.2 RAM backup system example 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-163 APPLICATION 2.11 Reset circuit 2.11.2 Notes on reset (1) Reset input voltage control Make sure that the reset input voltage is 0.54 V or less for Vcc of 2.7 V. Perform switch to the high-speed mode when power source voltage is within 4.0 to 5.5 V. (2) Countermeasure when RESET signal rise time is long In case where the RESET signal rise time is long, connect a ceramic capacitor or others across the RESET pin and the V SS p in. And use a 1000 pF or more capacitor for high frequency use. When connecting the capacitor, note the following : • Make the length of the wiring which is connected to a capacitor as short as possible. • Be sure to verify the operation of application products on the user side. q Reason If the several nanosecond or several ten nanosecond impulse noise enters the RESET pin, it may cause a microcomputer failure. 2.11.3 Each port state during “L” state of RESET pin Table 2.11.1 shows a pin state during “L” state of RESET pin. Table 2.11.1 Pin state during “L” state of RESET pin Pin name P0, P2 P1, P3 P4, P5, P6 0 t o P63 P6 4 t o P6 7, P7, P8 0 t o P8 3, P9, PA, PB 0 t o PB 6 Pin state Output port (with pull-down resistor) Input port (with pull-down resistor) Input port (without pull-down resistor) Input port (floating) 2-164 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.12 Clock generating circuit 2.12 Clock generating circuit T his paragraph explains the setting method of clock generating circuit relevant register, etc. 2.12.1 Relevant register Figure 2.12.1 shows the structure of the CPU mode register. CPU mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 1 00 CPU mode register (CPUM: address 3B16) b Name b1 b0 Functions 00 : Single-chip mode 01 : 10 : Not available 11 : 0 : Page 0 1 : Page 1 At reset R W 0 0 0 1 0 Processor mode bits 1 2 Stack page selection bit 3 Fix this bit to “1”. 4 Port Xc switch bit 5 Main clock (XINXOUT) stop bit 6 Main clock division ratio selection bit 7 Internal system clock selection bit 0: I/O port function 1: XCIN-XCOUT oscillation function 0: Oscillating 1: Stopped 0: f(XIN) (high-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/4 (middle-speed mode) 0: XIN–XOUT selection (middle-/high-speed mode) 1: XCIN–XCOUT selection (low-speed mode) 0 0 1 0 Fig. 2.12.1 Structure of CPU mode register 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-165 APPLICATION 2.12 Clock generating circuit 2.12.2 Clock generating circuit application examples (1) Status transition during power failure Outline: T he clock is counted up every one second by using the timer interrupt during a power failure. Input port ( N o t e) Power failure detection signal 38B7 Group Note: Signal is detected by inputting to each input port, interrupt input pin, and analog input pin. Fig. 2.12.2 Connection diagram Specifications: • Reducing power dissipation as low as possible while maintaining clock function • Clock: f(XIN ) = 4.19 MHz, f(XCIN ) = 32.768 kHz •Port processing Input port: Fixed to “ H ” o r “ L ” l evel on the external Output port: Fixed to output level that does not cause current flow to the external (Example) When a circuit turns on LED at “ L ” o utput level, fix the output level to “ H ” . I/O port: Input port → F ixed to “ H ” o r “ L ” l evel on the external Output port → O utput of data that does not consume current V REF: Stop to supply to reference voltage input pin by external circuit Figure 2.12.3 shows the status transition diagram during power failure and Figure 2.12.4 shows the setting of relevant registers. Reset released Power failure detected XIN XCIN Internal system clock Middle-speed mode High-speed mode Low-speed mode Change internal system clock to high-speed mode After detecting, change internal system clock to low-speed mode and stop oscillating XIN-XOUT XCIN-XCOUT oscillation function selected Fig. 2.12.3 Status transition diagram during power failure 2-166 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.12 Clock generating circuit CPU mode register (address 003B16) CPUM 00001 00 Main clock: High-speed mode (f(XIN)) (Note 1) CPU mode register (address 003B16) CP UM 00011 (Note 2) Port XC: XCIN-XCOUT oscillation function 00 CPU mode register (address 003B16) CP UM 10011 (Note 2) Internal system clock: Low-speed mode (f(XCIN)) 00 CPU mode register (address 003B16) CP UM 10111 (Note 2) Main clock f(XIN): Stopped 00 Notes 1: This setting is necessary only when selecting the highspeed mode. 2: When selecting the middle-speed mode, bit 6 is “1”. Fig. 2.12.4 Setting of relevant registers 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-167 APPLICATION 2.12 Clock generating circuit Control procedure: S et the relevant registers in the order shown below to prepare for a power failure. RESET qX: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization CPUM (address 003B16), bit 6 CPUM (address 003B16), bit 4 •••• •••• 0 1 When selecting main clock f(XIN) (high-speed mode) Port XC: XCIN-XCOUT oscillation function Detect power failure ? Y CPUM (address 003B16), bit 7 CPUM (address 003B16), bit 5 1 (Note) 1 (Note) N ≈ Internal system clock: f(XCIN) (low-speed mode) Main clock f(XIN) oscillation stopped Set so that timer interrupt occurs every one second Execute WIT instruction At a power failure, clock count is performed during timer interrupt processing (every second). N Return condition from power failure concluded ? Y Return processing from power failure Note: Do not switch at one time. ≈ Fig. 2.12.5 Control procedure 2-168 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.12 Clock generating circuit (2) Counting without clock error during power failure Outline: I t keeps counting without clock error during a power failure. Specifications: • Reducing power consumption as low as possible while maintaining clock function • Clock: f(XIN) = 4.19 MHz • Sub clock: f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz • Use of Timer 3 interrupt For the peripheral circuit and the status transition during a power failure, refer to Figures 2.12.2 and 2.12.3. Figure 2.12.6 shows the structure of clock counter, Figures 2.12.7 and 2.12.8 show the setting of relevant registers. Timer 1 interrupt Timer 1 Base counter 1 second counter Timer 3 interrupt 1 minute counter f(XIN) = 4.19 MHz 1/16 1/64 244 µs 1/256 1/16 1s 1/60 Minute/Time/Day/ Month/Year When the system returns from a power failure, add the time taken for the switching processing for the return. Timer 1 Timer 2 Timer 3 f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz 1/8 244 µs 1/256 1/16 : Software timer : Hardware timer Fig. 2.12.6 Structure of clock counter 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-169 APPLICATION 2.12 Clock generating circuit CPU mode register (address 003B16) CP UM 00011 00 Port XC: XCIN-XCOUT oscillation function CPU mode register (address 003B16) CP UM 10011 00 Internal system clock: f(XIN) (high-speed mode) Timer 1 (address 002016) T1 3F16 Set (Division ratio -1); 63 (3F16) Timer 12 mode register (address 002816) T12M 00001000 Timer 1 count: Operating Timer 2 count: Operating Timer 1 count source: f(XIN)/16 Timer 2 count source: Timer 1 underflow P75 I/O port Timer 34 mode register (address 002916) T34M 00 01 0 Timer 3 count: Operating Timer 3 count source: Timer 2 underflow P76 I/O port Interrupt request register 1 (address 003C16) IREQ1 0 0 Set “0” to timer 1 interrupt request bit Set “0” to timer 3 interrupt request bit Interrupt control register 1 (address 003E16) ICON1 1 Timer 1 interrupt: Enabled Fig. 2.12.7 Initial setting of relevant registers 2-170 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.12 Clock generating circuit Timer 12 mode register (address 002816) T12M 01 Timer 1 count source: f(XCIN) CPU mode register (address 003B16) CP UM 10011 00 Internal system clock: f(XCIN) (low-speed mode) CPU mode register (address 003B16) CP UM 10111 00 Main clock f(XIN): Stopped Interrupt control register 1 (address 003E16) ICON1 1 0 Timer 1 interrupt: Disabled Timer 3 interrupt: Enabled Timer 1 (address 002016) T1 0716 Timer 2 (address 002116) T2 FF16 Set (Division ratio – 1) (T1 = 7 (0716), T2 = 255 (FF16), T3 = 15 (0F16)) Timer 3 (address 002216) T3 0F16 Fig. 2.12.8 Setting of relevant registers after detecting power failure 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-171 APPLICATION 2.12 Clock generating circuit Control procedure: S et the relevant registers in the order shown below to prepare for a power failure. RESET qX: This bit is not used here. Set it to “0” or “1” arbitrarily. Initialization CPUM (address 003B16), bit 4 CPUM (address 003B16), bit 6 T1 (address 002016) T12M (address 002816) T34M (address 002916) IREQ1 (address 003C16), bit 7, bit 5 Base counter (internal RAM) 1 second counter (internal RAM) ICON1 (address 003E16), bit 5 T12M (address 002816), bit 3, bit 2 ICON1 (address 003E16), bit 5 CPUM (address 003B16), bit 7 CPUM (address 003B16), bit 5 IREQ1 (address 003C16), bit 7, bit 5 T1 (address 002016) T2 (address 002116) T3 (address 002216) •••• 1 0 3F16 000010002 00XX01X02 0,0 FF16 0F16 1 Port XC: XCIN-XCOUT oscillation function When selecting main clock f(XIN) (high-speed mode) Setting for making base and one second counters activate during timer 1 interrupt In the normal power state, these software counters generate one second. •••• Detect power failure ? Y 0, 1 0 1 (Note) 1 (Note) 0, 0 0716 3F16 0F16 N ≈ Timer 1 count source: f(XCIN) Timer 1 interrupt: Disabled Internal system clock: f(XCIN) (low-speed mode) Main clock f(XIN): Oscillation stopped Setting for generating timer 3 interrupt every second Generation of one second by hardware timer during power failure ICON1 (address 003E16), bit 7 1 Timer 3 interrupt: Enabled Execute WIT instruction Timer 3 interrupt occurs every second (return from wait mode) N Return condition for power failure is satisfied ? Y Return processing from power failure Note: Do not switch at one time. ≈ Fig. 2.12.9 Control procedure 2-172 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.12 Clock generating circuit Timer 3 interrupt routine Push registers to stack etc. •••• Count 1 minute (internal RAM) counter 1 minute counter overflow ? N Y Modify time, day, month, year ≈ RTI 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-173 APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory 2.13 Flash memory This paragraph explains the registers setting method and the notes relevant to the flash memory version. 2.13.1 Overview The flash memory version has functions similar to those of the mask ROM version except that the flash memory is built-in. However, some of SFR area of flash memory version is different from those of the mask ROM version (refer to “ 2.13.2 Memory map” ). In the flash memory version, the built-in flash memory can be operated by using the following three modes. • C PU reprogramming mode • P arallel input/output mode • S erial input/output mode 2.13.2 Memory map M38B79FFFP has the built-in flash memory of 60 Kbytes. Figure 2.13.1 shows the memory map of the flash memory version. 000016 SFR area 004016 Internal RAM area (2 Kbytes) 083F16 084016 Not used area 0E0016 0EDF16 0EE016 0EFF16 0F0016 0FFF16 100016 User ROM area RAM area for FLD automatic display SFR area RAM area for Serial I/O automatic transfer 7FFF16 800016 Built-in flash memory area (60 Kbytes) 28 Kbytes 100016 RAM 32 Kbytes FFFF16 FFFF16 Fig. 2.13.1 Memory map of flash memory version for 38B7 Group 2-174 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory 2.13.3 Relevant registers 003B16 CPU mode register (CPUM) 0EFE16 Flash memory control register (FCON) 0EFF16 Flash command register (FCMD) Fig. 2.13.2 Memory map of registers relevant to flash memory Flash memory control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 0 Flash memory control register (FCON: address 0EFE16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 CPU reprogramming 0: CPU reprogramming mod is invalid. (Normal mode select bit operation mode) (Note) 1: When applying 0 V or VPPL to CNVSS/VPP pin, CPU reprogramming mode is invalid. When applying VPPH to CNVSS/VPP pin, CPU reprogramming mode is valid. 1 Erase/Program busy flag 0: Erase and program are completed or not have been executed. 1: Erase/program is being executed. 0 2 CPU reprogramming 0: CPU reprogramming mode is invalid. mode monitor flag 1: CPU reprogramming mode is valid. 3 Fix this bit to “0”. 4 Erase/Program area b5 b4 0 0: Addresses 100016 to select bits FFFF16 (total 60 Kbytes) 0 1: Addresses 100016 to 7FFF16 (total 28 Kbytes) 5 1 0: Addresses 800016 to FFFF16 (total 32 Kbytes) 1 1: Not available 6 Fix this bit to “0”. 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Note: Bit 0 can be reprogrammed only when 0 V is applied to the CNVSS/VPP pin. Fig. 2.13.3 Structure of Flash memory control register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-175 APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory Flash command register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Flash command register (FCMD: address 0EFF16) b Functions At reset R W 0 0 Writing of software command 1 0 “0016” 0 2 •Read command “4016” 0 3 •Program command 4 •Program verify command “C016” 0 •Erase command “2016” + “2016” 5 •Erase verify command 0 “A016” 6 •Reset command 0 “FF16” + “FF16” 7 0 Note: The flash command register is write exclusive register. Fig. 2.13.4 Structure of Flash command register CPU mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 1 00 CPU mode register (CPUM: address 3B16) b Name b1 b0 Functions 00 : Single-chip mode 01 : 10 : Not available 11 : 0 : Page 0 1 : Page 1 At reset R W 0 0 0 1 0 Processor mode bits 1 2 Stack page selection bit 3 Fix this bit to “1”. 4 Port Xc switch bit 5 Main clock (XINXOUT) stop bit 6 Main clock division ratio selection bit 7 Internal system clock selection bit 0: I/O port function 1: XCIN-XCOUT oscillation function 0: Oscillating 1: Stopped 0: f(XIN) (high-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/4 (middle-speed mode) 0: XIN–XOUT selection (middle-/high-speed mode) 1: XCIN–XCOUT selection (low-speed mode) 0 0 1 0 Note: B6, b7 function in the CPU reprogramming mode is described below. 6 Main clock division ratio selection bits 7 0 0: φ = f(XIN) (high-speed mode) 0 1: φ = f(XIN)/4 (middlespeed mode) 1 0: φ = f(XCIN)/2 (lowspeed mode) 1 1: Not available b7 b6 1 0 Fig. 2.13.5 Structure of CPU mode register 2-176 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory 2.13.4 Parallel I/O mode In the parallel I/O mode, program/erase to the built-in flash memory area can be performed by a general ERPOM programmer. Set the programming mode of EPROM programmer to M5M28F101 and the memory area of program/erase to 01000 16 t o 0FFFF 16. Be careful especially when erasing because if the setting of the memory area is mistaken when erasing, the products are damaged eternally. Table 2.13.1 shows the setting of EPROM programmer when programming in the parallel I/O mode. Recommended programmer: R4945A provided by ADVANTEST CORPORATION (http://www.advantest.co.jp/ index-e.html) Table 2.13.1 Setting of EPROM programmer when parallel programming Products M38B79FFFP Programming adapter PCA4738F-100 Programming mode M5M28F101 Memory area 01000 16 t o 0FFFF16 2.13.5 Serial I/O mode Table 2.13.2 shows the pin connection example using EFP-I✼ between the programmer and the microcomputer when programming in the serial I/O mode. ✼ EFP-I provided by Suisei Electronics System Co., Ltd. (http://www.suisei.co.jp/index_e.htm) (Asia and Oceania limited-product) Table 2.13.2 Connection example to programmer when serial programming EFP-I Signal name BUSY VPP ( Note 1 ) VDD ( Note 3 ) SCL SDA PGM/OE RESET Target connector Line number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 P67/SRDY2/SCLK22/FLD55 CNV SS ( Note 1 ) V CC ( Note 3) P6 6/SCLK21/FLD54 P6 4/RxD/FLD52 P3 7/FLD 31 RESET 33 17 24 34 36 57 18 38B7 Group flash memory version Pin name Pin number GND ( Note 2) 8 V SS, AVSS ( Note 2 ) 21, 97 Notes 1: C onnect an approximate 0.01 µF capacitor between CNV SS/V PP a nd GND for noise elimination. 2: When a serial programmer is connected, at first, connect both GNDs to be the same GND level. 3: W hen the V CC p ower has been already supplied to the target board, do not connect the VDD supply pin of the serial programmer to V CC o f the target board. 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-177 APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory 2.13.6 CPU reprogramming mode In the CPU reprogramming mode, by executing the software command with Central Processing Unit (CPU), the built-in flash memory area can be reprogrammed. Accordingly, the contents of the built-in flash memory area can be reprogrammed with the microcomputer mounted on board, without using the ROM programmer. Program the reprogramming program in advance to the built-in flash memory area. However, in the CPU reprogramming mode, the read from the built-in flash memory cannot be performed. Accordingly, after transferring the reprogramming control program on the internal RAM, not the built-in flash memory, execute it on the RAM. In the CPU reprogramming mode, read command, program command, program verify command, erase command, erase verify command, and reset command can be used. As for details of each command, refer to “ CHAPTER 1 Flash memory mode 3 (CPU reprogramming mode)” . (1) CPU reprogramming mode beginning/release procedure Operation procedure in the reprogramming mode for the built-in flash memory is described. As for the control example, refer to “2.13.7 (2) Control example in the CPU reprogramming mode.” [Beginning procedure] ➀ A pply 0 V to the CNVSS /VPP p in for reset release. ➁ S et the CPU mode register. ➂ A fter CPU reprogramming mode control program is transferred to internal RAM, jump to this control program on RAM. (The following operations are controlled by this control program). ➃ S et “ 1 ” t o the CPU reprogramming mode select bit (bit 0 of address 0EFE16). ➄ A pply VPPH to the CNV SS/VPP p in. ➅ W ait till CNVSS /VPP p in becomes 12 V. ➆ R ead the CPU reprogramming mode monitor flag (bit 2 of address 0EFE16) to confirm that the CPU reprogramming mode is valid. ➇ The operation of the flash memory is executed by software-command-writing to the flash command register (address 0EFF16 ). Note: T he following are necessary other than this: • C ontrol for data which is input from the external (serial I/O etc.) and to be programmed to the flash memory. • I nitial setting for ports, etc. • W riting to the watchdog timer [Release procedure] ➀ A pply 0 V to the CNV SS/V PP p in. ➁ W ait till CNV SS/VPP p in becomes 0 V. ➂ S et the CPU reprogramming mode select bit (bit 0 of address 0EFE 16 ) to “ 0 ” . 2-178 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory Also, execute the following processing before the CPU reprogramming mode is selected so that interrupts will not occur during the CPU reprogramming mode. • S et the interrupt disable flag (I) to “ 1 ” In the CPU reprogramming mode, write to the watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE16 ) periodically in order not to generate the reset by the underflow of the watchdog timer H. During the program execution (programming time: max. 10 µs), watchdog timer H is set to “FF16 ”, watchdog timer L is set to “FF16” and the count is stopped. The count is started again after the program is executed or the execution of erase is completed. Accordingly, the setting of write period of the watchdog timer control register is no problem except for the program time and erase time. When the interrupt request or reset occurs in the CPU reprogramming mode, the microcomputer enters the following state; • I nterrupt occurs This may cause a program runaway because the read from the flash memory which has the interrupt vector area cannot be performed. • U nderflow of watchdog timer H, reset This may cause a microcomputer reset; the built-in flash memory control circuit and the flash memory control register are reset. Also, when the above interrupt and reset occur during program/erase, error data may still exist after reset release because the reprogramming of the flash memory is not completed, so that be careful. In this case, reprogramming of the flash memory in the parallel I/O mode or serial I/O mode is required. 2.13.7 Flash memory mode application examples The control pin processing example on the system board in the serial I/O mode and the control example in the CPU reprogramming mode are described below. (1) Control pin processing example on the system board in serial I/O mode As shown in Figure 2.13.6, in the serial I/O mode, the contents of the built-in flash memory can be reprogrammed with the microcomputer mounted on board. In the serial I/O mode, the processing example of control pins (P3 7, P64, P6 6, P6 7, CNVSS a nd RESET pin) is described below. RS-232C Serial programmer Master ROM M3 8B 79 FF FP Fig. 2.13.6 Reprogramming example of built-in flash memory by serial I/O mode 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 2-179 APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory ➀ W hen control signals are not affected to user system circuit When the control signals in the serial I/O mode are not used or not affected to the user system circuit, they can be connected as shown in Figure 2.13.7. Target board Not used or to user system circuit * M38B79FFFP SDA(P64) SCLK(P66) OE(P37) BUSY(P67) VPP(CNVSS) RESET User reset signal (Low active) XIN XOUT VCC AVSS VSS * : When not used, set to input mode and pull up or pull down, or set to output mode and open. Fig. 2.13.7 Processing example of pins on board in serial I/O mode (1) ➁ W hen control signals are affected to user system circuit-1 Figure 2.13.8 shows the example that the control signals supplied to the user system circuit are cut-off by a jumper switch in the serial I/O mode. Target board To user system circuit M38B79FFFP SDA(P64) SCLK(P66) OE(P37) BUSY(P67) VPP(CNVSS) RESET User reset signal (Low active) XIN XOUT VCC AVSS VSS Fig. 2.13.8 Processing example of pins on board in serial I/O mode (2) 2-180 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory ➂ W hen control signals are affected to user system circuit-2 Figure 2.13.9 shows the example that the control signals supplied to the user system circuit are cut-off by an analog switch (74HC4066) in the serial I/O mode. Target board 74HC4066 To user system circuit M38B79FFFP SDA(P64) SCLK(P66) OE(P37) BUSY(P67) VPP(CNVSS) RESET User reset signal (Low Active) XIN XOUT VCC AVSS VSS Fig. 2.13.9 Processing example of pins on board in serial I/O mode (3) 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-181 APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory (2) Control example in CPU reprogramming mode In this example, the built-in flash memory is reprogrammed in the CPU reprogramming mode by serial I/O2, receiving the reprogramming data (updated data). Figure 2.13.10 shows the example for the reprogramming system of the built-in flash memory by the CPU reprogramming mode. M38B79FFFP Port for CPU reprogramming mode switch (CPU reprogramming mode is selected/released by port Pi2 input signal) Pi2 Pi0 VCC Reprogramming data input mode (Updated data is received by serial I/O2) SCLK21 RxD TxD VSS VPP circuit control port ON/OFF of VPP control circuit is controlled by port Pi1 output. 0V 12V Pi1 RESET VPP(CNVSS) User reset signal VPP * control circuit XIN XOUT (i = 0 to 6) * 4MHz Refer to Figure 2.13.15 and Figure 2.13.16. Fig. 2.13.10 Example for reprogramming system of built-in flash memory by CPU reprogramming mode q Specifications ➀ C PU reprogramming mode is selected/released by the input signal to Pi2. ➁ U pdated data is received by serial I/O2. ➂ T he transfer enable state of serial transmit side is judged by “ L ” l evel input to Pi0. ➃ V PP c ontrol circuit is turned ON/OFF by the output from Pi 1 ( refer to Figure 2.13.15 and Figure 2.13.16). 2-182 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory Note: In this example, the following program is transferred to the internal RAM and executed on the internal RAM. CPU reprogramming In this program example, the flash memory is reprogrammed by control program example receiving each 1 byte of data for reprogramming by serial I/O. Serial I/O initialization set Interrupt disable processing CPU reprogramming mode select bit = “1” Port Pi1 = “1” VPP applied voltage = VPPH waiting for stabilizing *1 ➀ Preparing for transition to CPU reprogramming mode Disable the interrupt of built-in peripheral functions in this processing. Also, initialize the watchdog timer (write to watchdog timer register) in order not to generate the watchdog timer interrupt. 12 V applied circuit to VPP “ON” NO CPU reprogramming mode monitor flag = “1” ? YES 5 ms wait *2 Confirmation that CPU reprogramming mode is valid. ➁ Transition to CPU reprogramming mode Initialize the watchdog timer (write to watchdog timer register) in order not to generate the watchdog timer interrupt in this processing. NO CPU reprogramming mode monitor flag = “1” ? YES Continue to “CPU reprogramming control program example (2)” to the next page. *1: Waiting by software until VPP input voltage is stabilized at VPPH is recommended. (Refer to Figure 2.13.15 and Figure 2.13.16 VPP voltage control timing A .) *2: The wait time depends on VPP control circuit (Refer to Figure 2.13.15 and Figure 2.13.16 VPP voltage control timing C .) Fig. 2.13.11 CPU reprogramming control program example (1) 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-183 APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory From the previous page “CPU reprogramming control program example (1)” YES All addresses = “0016” ? NO Program/program verify processing All bytes = “0016” ? Erase/verify start address setting Initialization of software counter (retry counter) for erasure retry counter = “0” From next page b Retry counter + 1 Erase command issued 1 µs wait *1 Refer to “➃ Program/program verify” for program/program verify flow chart. “2016” is written twice continuously to flash command register (address 0EFF16) ➂ Erasure of reprogramming area Initialize the watchdog timer (write to watchdog timer register) in order not to generate the watchdog timer interrupt in this processing. NO Erase/program busy flag = “0” ? YES “A016” is written to flash Erase verify command issued command register (address 0EFF16) 6 µs wait *2 To next page a FAIL Erase/verify data check PASS NO Erase/verify last address YES Erase/verify address +1 Continue to “CPU reprogramming control program example (4)” to the page after next *1: The wait processing time shown in the flow chart is required regardless of the external clock input frequency. *2: The wait time depends on the VPP control circuit (refer to Figure 2.13.15 and Figure 2.13.16 VPP voltage control timing C ). Fig. 2.13.12 CPU reprogramming control program example (2) 2-184 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory To previous page “CPU reprogramming control program example (2) b” From previous page “CPU reprogramming control program example (2) a” Continued from ➂ NO Retry counter =1000 ? YES Port Pi1 = “0” VPP applied voltage = VPPL waiting for stabilizing *1 NO CPU reprogramming mode monitor flag = “0” ? YES 5 ms wait *2 ➄ CPU reprogramming mode release Initialize the watchdog timer (write to watchdog timer register) in order not to generate the watchdog timer interrupt in this processing. CPU reprogramming mode select bit = “0” NO CPU reprogramming mode select bit = “0” YES CPU reprogramming error *1: Waiting by software until VPP input voltage is stabilized at VPPL is recommended. (Refer to Figure 2.13.15 and Figure 2.13.16 VPP voltage control timing B.) *2: The wait time depends on VPP control circuit (Refer to Figure 2.13.15 and Figure 2.13.16 VPP voltage control timing C.) Fig. 2.13.13 CPU reprogramming control program example (3) 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-185 APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory From the page before previous “CPU reprogramming control program example (2)” Program initial address setting Initialization of software counter (retry counter) for reprogramming retry counter = “0” Reprogramming data receive by serial I/O Retry counter + 1 Program command issued Reprogramming data is written to program address 1 µs wait *1 “4016” is writ ten to flas h comman d register (addres s 0EFF16) ➃ Program/program verify Initialize the watchdog timer (write to watchdog timer register) in order not to generate the watchdog timer interrupt in this processing. NO Erase/program busy flag = “0” ? YES Waiting for writing completed “C016” is written t o flash comman d register (addres s 0EFF16) Program verify command issued 6 µs wait *1 FAIL Program verify data check PASS NO Retry counter = 25? YES Program last address YES NO Program address + 1 Port Pi1 = “0” VPP applied voltage = VPPL waiting for stabilizing *2 Port Pi1 = “0” VPP applied voltage = VPPL waiting for stabilizing *2 12 V applied circuit to VPP “OFF” NO CPU reprogramming mode monitor flag = “0” ? YES NO CPU reprogramming mode monitor flag = “0” ? YES 5 ms wait *3 CPU reprogramming mode select bit = “0” ➄ CPU reprogramming mode release Initialize the watchdog timer (write to watchdog timer register) in order not to generate the watchdog timer interrupt in this processing. 5 ms wait *3 CPU reprogramming mode select bit = “0” Waiting for release of CPU reprogramming mode NO CPU reprogramming mode select bit = “0” YES NO CPU reprogramming mode select bit = “0” YES CPU reprogramming error END *1: The wait processing time shown in the flow chart is required regardless of the external clock input frequency. *2: Waiting by software until VPP input voltage is stabilized at VPPL is recommended. (Refer to Figure 2.13.15 and Figure 2.13.16 VPP voltage control timing B .) *3: The wait time depends on VPP control circuit (Refer to Figure 2.13.15 and Figure 2.13.16 VPP voltage control timing C .) Fig. 2.13.14 CPU reprogramming control program example (4) 2-186 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory q When 12 V voltage is supplied to target system VIN=12V System power source 30 KΩ 5 KΩ 1000 pF 2.7 KΩ at OFF signal = 3 V 2SA1364 RT1N144C 10 KΩ 47 KΩ At Pi1 = L output, VPP = 11.8 V At Pi1 = H output, VPP = 0 V VPP 47 µF 1 KΩ 220 Ω 0.33 µF ➀ M5237L ➂ ➁ 4 .3 K Ω Pi1 (VPP circuit control port) MC2848 Input ON/OFF signal in order that this point may become 1.5 V or more at OFF output. ON/OFF signal VPP voltage control timing Pi1 = H Pi1 = L VPP = 12 V C VPP = 0 V A Interval until VPP = VPP H Transition to CPU reprogramming mode cannot be performed. B Interval until VPP = VPP L CPU reprogramming mode cannot be released. C Fig. 2.13.15 VPP c ontrol circuit example (1) q When only 5 V voltage is supplied to target system Shot key Diode Smaller VF is better. VIN=5 V System power source 100 µF RT1P137P 100 Ω 1 KΩ 22 K Ω 100 µ H At Pi1 = L output, VPP = 12 V At Pi1 = H output, VPP = 0 V VPP 33 K Ω 3 .9 K Ω 1 0 0 µ F 0 .1 µ F 10 KΩ VCC ➇ C OUT E OUT ➁ ➀ RT1N144C 10 K Ω 47 K Ω ➃ COSC 100 pF 2SD1972 1 KΩ M62212FP IN FB DTC GND ➆ 0.1 µF 1 KΩ ➅ ➄ 22 KΩ ➂ 0.1 µF Set radiation about 0.36 W ✕ 5 RT1N144C 10 K Ω 47 K Ω (VPP circuit control port) Pi ON/OFF signal 1 KΩ 2SC3580 47 K Ω VPP voltage control timing Pi1 = H Pi1 = L VPP = 12 V C VPP = 0 V A Interval until VPP = VPP H Transition to CPU reprogramming mode cannot be performed. B Interval until VPP = VPP L CPU reprogramming mode cannot be released. C Fig. 2.13.16 VPP c ontrol circuit example (2) 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 2-187 APPLICATION 2.13 Flash memory 2.13.8 Notes on CPU reprogramming mode (1) Transfer the CPU reprogramming mode control program to the internal RAM before selecting the CPU reprogramming mode, and then, execute it on the internal RAM. Additionally, when the subroutine or stack operation instruction is used in the control program, make sure in order not to destroy the control program transferred to the internal RAM through the stack area. (2) Be careful of the instruction description (specifying address, and so on) because the CPU reprogramming mode control program is transferred to the internal RAM and executed on the internal RAM. (3) Write to the watchdog timer control register periodically in order not to generate the watchdog timer interrupt by the CPU reprogramming mode control program (refer to “ 2.9 Watchdog timer” ). 2.13.9 Notes on flash memory version The CNV SS p in is connected to the internal memory circuit block by a low-ohmic resistance, since it has the multiplexed function to be a programmable power source pin (VPP p in) as well. To improve the noise margin, connect the CNV SS p in to V SS t hrough 1 to 10 kΩ r esistance. Even when the wiring of the CNVSS pin of the mask ROM version is connected to Vss through this resistor, that will not affect operation. 2-188 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual CHAPTER 3 APPENDIX 3.1 Electrical characteristics 3.2 Standard characteristics 3.3 Notes on use 3.4 Countermeasures against noise 3.5 Control registers 3.6 Package outline 3.7 Machine instructions 3.8 List of instruction code 3.9 M35501FP 3.10 SFR memory map 3.11 Pin configuration APPENDIX 3.1 Electrical characteristics 3.1 Electrical characteristics 3.1.1 Absolute maximum ratings Table 3.1.1 Absolute maximum ratings Symbol VCC VEE VI VI VI VI VO Parameter Power source voltages Pull-down power source voltages Input voltage P64–P67, P70–P77, P80–P83, P90–P97, PA0–PA7, PB0–PB6 Input voltage P10–P17, P30–P37, P40–P47, P50–P57, P60–P63 Input voltage RESET, XIN, CNVSS Input voltage XCIN Output voltage P00–P07, P10–P17, P20–P27, P30–P37, P40–P47, P50–P57, P60–P63 Output voltage P64–P67, P80–P83, P70–P77, P90–P97, PA0–PA7, PB0–PB6, XOUT, XCOUT Power dissipation Operating temperature Storage temperature Conditions All voltages are based on VSS. Output transistors are cut off. Ratings –0.3 to 6.5 VCC –45 to VCC +0.3 –0.3 to VCC +0.3 VCC –45 to VCC +0.3 –0.3 to VCC +0.3 –0.3 to VCC +0.3 VCC –45 to VCC +0.3 Unit V V V V V V V VO –0.3 to VCC +0.3 V Pd Topr Tstg Ta = –20 to 65 °C Ta = 65 to 85 °C 800 800 –12.5 ✕ (Ta –65) –20 to 85 –40 to 125 mW mW °C °C 3.1.2 Recommended operating conditions Table 3.1.2 Recommended operating conditions (VCC = 4 .0 to 5.5 V, Ta = – 20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol VCC VCC VSS VEE VREF AVSS VIA VIH VIH VIH VIH VIH VIL VIL VIL VIL VIL Parameter Power source voltage (mask ROM version) Power source voltage (flash memory version) Power source voltage Pull-down power source voltage Analog reference voltage High-speed mode Middle/Low-speed mode Limits Min. 4.0 2.7 4.0 Vcc –43 2.0 3.0 0 0 0.75VCC 0.4VCC 0.52VCC 0.8VCC 0.8VCC 0 0 0 0 0 VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC VCC 0.25VCC 0.16VCC 0.2VCC 0.2VCC 0.2VCC Typ. 5.0 5.0 5.0 0 Max. 5.5 5.5 5.5 VCC VCC VCC Unit V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V when A-D converter is used when D-A converter is used Analog power source voltage Analog input voltage AN0–AN15 “H” input voltage P70–P77, P80–P83, P90–P97, PA0–PA7, PB0–PB6 “H” input voltage P64–P67 “H” input voltage “H” input voltage “H” input voltage “L” input voltage “L” input voltage “L” input voltage “L” input voltage “L” input voltage P10–P17, P30–P37, P40–P47, P50–P57, P60–P63 RxD, SCLK21, SCLK22 XIN, XCIN, RESET, CNVss P70–P77, P80–P83, P90–P97, PA0–PA7, PB0–PB6 P64–P67 P10–P17, P30–P37, P40–P47, P50–P57, P60–P63 RxD, SCLK21, SCLK22 XIN, XCIN, RESET, CNVss 3-2 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPENDIX 3.1 Electrical characteristics Table 3.1.3 Recommended operating conditions (VCC = 4 .0 to 5.5 V, Ta = – 20 to 85 ° C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol Σ I OH(peak) Σ I OH(peak) Σ I OL(peak) Σ I OL(peak) Σ I OH(avg) Σ I OH(avg) Σ I OL(avg) I OH(peak) I OH(peak) I OL(peak) I OH(avg) I OH(avg) I OL(avg) f(CNTR) f(XIN ) f(XCIN ) Parameter “H” total peak output current (Note 1) P00–P07, P10–P17, P20–P27, P3 0–P37, P40–P47, P50–P57, P60–P67, P70–P77 “H” total peak output current (Note 1) P80–P83, P90–P97, PA 0–PA7, PB0–PB6 “L” total peak output current (Note 1) P64–P67, P70–P7 7 “L” total peak output current (Note 1) P80–P83, P90–P97, PA 0–PA7, PB0–PB6 “H” total average output current (Note 1) P0 0–P07, P10–P17, P20–P27, P3 0–P37, P40–P47, P50–P57, P60–P63 “H” total average output current (Note 1) P6 4–P67, P7 0–P7 7, P8 0–P8 3, P9 0–P97, PA0–PA7, PB0–PB 6 “L” total average output current (Note 1) P64–P67, P70–P77, P80–P83, P90–P97, PA0–PA7, PB0–PB 6 “H” peak output current (Note 2) P00–P07, P10–P17, P2 0–P27, P30–P37, P40–P47, P5 0–P57, P60–P63 “H” peak output current (Note 2) P6 4–P6 7, P7 0–P77, P80–P83, P90–P97, PA0–PA7, PB0–PB 6 “L” peak output current (Note 2) P6 4–P67, P70–P77, P80–P83, P90–P97, PA0–PA7, PB0–PB 6 “H” average output current (Note 3) P0 0–P07, P10–P17, P20–P27, P3 0–P37, P40–P47, P50–P57, P60–P63 “H” average output current (Note 3) P6 4–P67, P70–P77, P8 0–P83, P90–P97, PA0–PA7, PB0–PB 6 “L” average output current (Note 3) P6 4–P67, P70–P77, P80–P83, P9 0–P97, PA 0–PA7, PB0–PB 6 Clock input frequency for timers 2, 4, and X (duty cycle 50 %) Main clock input oscillation frequency (Note 4) Sub-clock input oscillation frequency (Notes 4, 5) Min. Limits Typ. Max. –240 –60 100 60 –120 –30 50 –40 –10 10 –18 –5 5 250 4.2 50 Unit mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA kHz MHz kHz 32.768 Notes 1: The total output current is the sum of all the currents flowing through all the applicable ports. The total average current is an average value measured over 100 ms. The total peak current is the peak value of all the currents. 2: The peak output current is the peak current flowing in each port. 3: The average output current IOL (avg), IOH(avg) are average value measured over 100 ms. 4: When the oscillation frequency has a duty cycle of 50%. 5: W hen using the microcomputer in low-speed mode, set the sub-clock input oscillation frequency on condition that f(XCIN) < f(XIN)/3. 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-3 APPENDIX 3.1 Electrical characteristics 3.1.3 Electrical characteristics Table 3.1.4 Electrical characteristics (VCC = 4 .0 to 5.5 V, Ta = – 20 to 85 ° C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol VOH “H” output voltage Parameter P00–P07, P10 –P17, P20–P27 , P30–P37, P40 –P47, P50-P5 7, P60–P63 “H” output voltage P64–P67, P70 –P77, P80–P83 , P90–P97 , PA0–PA7 , PB0–PB6 “L” output voltage P64–P67, P70 –P77, P80–P83 , P90–P97 , PA0–PA7 , PB0–PB6 Hysteresis RxD, S CLK21, SCLK22, S RDY1, P70 – P73, P7 7, P82–P83, P90 –P92, PB0, PB 2, PB4–PB6 Hysteresis RESET, XIN Hysteresis XCIN “H” input current P64–P67, P70 –P77, P80–P83 , P90–P97 , PA0–PA7 , PB0–PB6 “H” input current P10–P17, P30 –P37, P40–P47 , P50-P57 , P60–P63 (Note) “H” input current RESET, CNVss, XCIN “H” input current XIN “L” input current P64–P67, P70 –P77, P80–P83 , P90–P97 , PA0–PA7 , PB0–PB6 Test conditions IOH = –18 mA Limits Min. VCC–2.0 Typ. Max. Unit V VOH VOL VT+ –VT– IOH = –10 mA IOL = 10 mA VCC–2.0 2.0 0.4 V V V VT+ –VT– VT+ –VT– I IH I IH I IH I IH I IL 0.5 0.5 VI = V CC VI = V CC VI = V CC VI = V CC VI = V SS Pull-up “off ” VCC = 5 V, VI = VSS Pull-up “on” VCC = 3 V, VI = VSS Pull-up “on” VI = V SS VI = V SS VI = V SS 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.0 –5.0 –30 –6.0 –70 –25 –140 –45 –5.0 –5.0 –4.0 V V µA µA µA µA µA µA µA µA µA µA I IL I IL I IL “L” input current “L” input current “L” input current P10–P17, P30 –P37, P40–P47 , P50–P57, P60 –P63 (Note) RESET, CNVss, XCIN XIN Note: Except when reading ports P1, P3, P4, P5 or P6. 3-4 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.1 Electrical characteristics Table 3.1.5 Electrical characteristics (VCC = 4 .0 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V , T a = – 20 to 85 ° C, unless otherwise noted) Limits Symbol I LOAD Parameter Output load current P00–P07 , P10–P17, P20–P27 , P30–P37, (P4 0–P47, P50–P57 , P60–P63 at option) Output leak current P00–P07 , P10–P17, P20–P27 , P30–P37, P40–P47 , P50–P57, P60–P63 “H” read current P10–P17 , P30–P37, P40–P47 , P50–P57, P60–P63 RAM hold voltage Test conditions VEE = VCC–43 V, VOL =VCC Output transistors “off ” Min. 400 Typ. 600 Max. 900 Unit µA I LEAK VEE = VCC–43 V, VOL =VCC–43 V Output transistors “off ” –10 µA I READH VI = 5 V 1 µA VRAM I CC Power source current When clock is stopped High-speed mode, Vcc = 5 V, f(XIN) = 4.2 MHz f(XCIN ) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors “off ” High-speed mode, Vcc = 5 V, f(XIN) = 4.2 MHz (in WIT state) f(XCIN ) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors “off ” Middle-speed mode, Vcc = 5 V, f(XIN) = 4.2 MHz f(XCIN ) = stopped Output transistors “off ” Middle-speed mode, Vcc = 5 V, f(XIN) = 4.2 MHz (in WIT state) f(XCIN ) = stopped Output transistors “off ” Low-speed mode, Vcc = 3 V, f(XIN) = stopped f(XCIN ) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors “off ” Low-speed mode, Vcc = 3 V, f(XIN) = stopped f(XCIN ) = 32.768 kHz (in WIT state) Output transistors “off ” Increment when A-D conversion is executed All oscillation stopped Ta = 25 °C (in STP state) Output transistors “off ” Ta = 85 °C 2 7.0 5.5 15 V mA 1 mA 3 mA 1 mA 20 55 µA 8 20 µA 0.6 0.1 1 10 mA µA µA 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-5 APPENDIX 3.1 Electrical characteristics 3.1.4 A-D converter charactristics Table 3.1.6 A-D converter characteristics (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, f(XIN ) = 250 kHz to 4.2 MHz in high-speed mode, unless otherwise noted) Symbol — — TCONV IVREF I IA RLADDER Resolution Absolute accuracy (excluding quantization error) Conversion time Reference input current Analog port input current Ladder resistor VREF = 5.0 V VCC = VREF = 5.12 V 61 50 150 0.5 35 ±1 Parameter Test conditions Limits Min. Typ. Max. 10 ±2.5 62 200 5.0 Unit Bits LSB tc(φ ) µA µA kΩ 3.1.5 D-A converter charactristics Table 3.1.7 D-A converter characteristics (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, VREF = 3.0 to Vcc, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol – – tsu RO I VREF Parameter Resolution Absolute accuracy (excluding quantization error) Setting time Output resistor Reference power source input current (Note) Test conditions Limits Min. Typ. Max. 8 1.0 2.5 3 4 3.2 Unit Bits % % µs kΩ mA VCC = 4.0–5.5 V VCC = 3.0–5.5 V 1 2.5 Note: Except ladder resistor for A-D converter 3-6 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.1 Electrical characteristics 3.1.6 Timing requirements and switching characteristics Table 3.1.8 Timing requirements (1) (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tW (RESET) tC (XIN) tWH (XIN) tWL (XIN) tC (XCIN ) tWH (XCIN ) tWL (XCIN ) tC (CNTR) tWH (CNTR) tWL (CNTR) tWH (INT) tWL (INT) tWH (INT2) tWL (INT2) tC (SCLK1 ) tWH (SCLK1 ) tWL (SCLK1 ) tsu(SIN1 -SCLK1 ) th (SCLK1-S IN1) tC (SCLK2 ) tWH (SCLK2 ) tWL (SCLK2 ) tsu(RxD-S CLK2) th (SCLK2-RxD) tC (SCLK3 ) tWH (SCLK3 ) tWL (SCLK3 ) tsu(SIN3 -SCLK3 ) th (SCLK3-S IN3) Parameter Reset input “L” pulse width Main clock input cycle time (X IN input) Main clock input “H” pulse width Main clock input “L” pulse width Sub-clock input cycle time (XCIN input) Sub-clock input “H” pulse width Sub-clock input “L” pulse width CNTR0–CNTR 2 input cycle time CNTR0–CNTR 2 input “H” pulse width CNTR0–CNTR 2 input “L” pulse width INT0 –INT4 input “H” pulse width (INT2 when noise filter is not used) (Note 1) INT0 –INT4 input “L” pulse width (INT 2 when noise filter is not used) (Note 1) INT2 input “H” pulse width (when noise filter is used) (Notes 1, 2) INT2 input “L” pulse width (when noise filter is used) (Notes 1, 2) Serial I/O1 clock input cycle time Serial I/O1 clock input “H” pulse width Serial I/O1 clock input “L” pulse width Serial I/O1 input setup time Serial I/O1 input hold time Serial I/O2 clock input cycle time Serial I/O2 clock input “H” pulse width Serial I/O2 clock input “L” pulse width Serial I/O2 input setup time Serial I/O2 input hold time Serial I/O3 clock input cycle time Serial I/O3 clock input “H” pulse width Serial I/O3 clock input “L” pulse width Serial I/O3 input setup time Serial I/O3 input hold time Min. 2.0 238 60 60 20 5.0 5.0 4.0 1.6 1.6 80 80 3 3 950 400 400 200 200 800 370 370 220 100 1000 400 400 200 200 Limits Typ. Max. Unit µs ns ns ns µs µs µs µs µs µs ns ns CLKs CLKs ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Notes 1: IIDCON2, IIDCON3 = “00” when noise filter is not used IIDCON2, IIDCON3 = “01” or “10” when noise filter is used 2: Unit indicates sample clock number of noise filter. 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-7 APPENDIX 3.1 Electrical characteristics Table 3.1.9 Switching characteristics (V CC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tWH (S CLK) tWL (SCLK) td (SCLK1 -SOUT1) tV (SCLK1-S OUT1) td (SCLK2 -TxD) tV (SCLK2-TxD) td (SCLK3 -SOUT3) tV (SCLK3-S OUT3) tr (S CLK) tf (SCLK) tr (Pch–strg) tr (Pch–weak) Notes 1: When 2: When 3: When 4: When 5: When the the the the the Parameter Serial I/O clock output “H” pulse width Serial I/O clock output “L” pulse width Serial I/O1 output delay time (Note 1) Serial I/O1 output valid time (Note 1) Serial I/O2 output delay time (Note 2) Serial I/O2 output valid time (Note 2) Serial I/O3 output delay time (Note 3) Serial I/O3 output valid time (Note 3) Serial I/O clock output rising time Serial I/O clock output falling time P-channel high-breakdodwn-voltage output rising time (Note 4) P-channel high-breakdodwn-voltage output rising time (Note 5) Test conditions CL = 100 pF CL = 100 pF Limits Min. Typ. t C(S CLK)/2–160 t C(S CLK)/2–160 0 Max. Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns µs 200 140 –30 200 0 CL = 100 pF CL = 100 pF CL = 100 pF VEE = Vcc –43 V CL = 100 pF VEE = Vcc –43 V 40 40 55 1.8 PB 5/S OUT1 P-channel output disable bit of the serial I/O1 control register (bit 7 of address 001A16) is “0”. P65 /TxD P-channel output disable bit of the UART control register (bit 4 of address 003816) is “0”. P91 /SOUT3 P-channel output disable bit of the serial I/O3 control register (bit 7 of address 0EEC16) is “0”. high-breakdown voltage port drivability selection bit of the FLDC mode register (bit 7 of address 0EF4 16) is “0”. high-breakdown voltage port drivability selection bit of the FLDC mode register (bit 7 of address 0EF4 16) is “1”. Serial I/O clock output port P66/SCLK21, P67/SCLK22, P92/SCLK3, PB0/SCLK12, PB4/SCLK11 High-breakdown voltage P-channel open-drain output port P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P60–P63 CL (Note) CL VEE Note: Ports P4, P5, P60–P63 need external resistors. Fig. 3.1.1 Circuit for measuring output switching characteristics 3-8 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.1 Electrical characteristics tC(CNTR) tWH(CNTR) tWL(CNTR) 0.2VCC CNTR0,CNTR1 0.8VCC tWH(INT) tWL(INT) 0.2VCC INT0–INT4 0.8VCC tW(RESET) RESET 0.2VCC 0.8VCC tC(XIN) tWH(XIN) tWL(XIN) 0.2VCC XIN 0.8VCC tC(XCIN) tWH(XCIN) tWL(X CIN) 0.2VCC XCIN 0.8VCC tC(SCLK) tf(SCLK) tWL(SCLK) tr 0.8VCC tsu(SIN-SCLK) tsu(RxD-S CLK) th(SCLK-SIN) th(SCLK-RxD) tWH(SCLK) SCLK 0.2VCC SIN, RxD td(SCLK-SOUT) td(SCLK-TxD) 0.8VCC 0.2VCC tv(SCLK-SOUT) tv(SCLK-TxD) SOUT, TxD Fig. 3.1.2 Timing diagram 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-9 APPENDIX 3.2 Standard characteristics 3.2 Standard characteristics Standard characteristics described below are just examples. These are NOT guaranteed. For rated values, refer to “ 3.1 Electrical characteristics”. 3.2.1 Power source current standard characteristics 7.0 Power source current (mA) 6.0 5.0 Vcc = 5.5 V 4.0 3.0 Vcc = 4.0 V 2.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 Frequency f(XIN) (MHz) Fig. 3.2.1 Power source current standard characteristics 1400 1200 Power source current (mA) 1000 Vcc = 5.5 V 800 600 Vcc = 4.0 V 400 200 0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 Frequency f(XIN) (MHz) Fig. 3.2.2 Power source current standard characteristics (in wait mode) 3-10 38B7 Group User's Manual APPENDIX 3.2 Standard characteristics 3.2.2 Port standard characteristics IOH (mA) -100 -9 0 Port P0 0 IOH-V OH c haracteristics (25 ° C) (Same characteristics pins: P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P60 to P6 3) -8 0 -7 0 Vcc=5.5V Vcc = 5.0 V -6 0 -5 0 -4 0 Vcc = 3.0 V -3 0 -20 -10 0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 VOH (V) Fig. 3.2.3 High-breakdown P-channel open-drain output port characteristics (25 °C) IOH (mA) -100 -9 0 Port P0 0 IOH-V OH c haracteristics (90 ° C) (Same characteristics pins: P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P60 to P6 3) -8 0 Vcc = 5.5 V -7 0 V cc = 5.0 V -6 0 -5 0 Vcc = 3.0 V -4 0 -3 0 -2 0 -1 0 0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 VOH (V) Fig. 3.2.4 High-breakdown P-channel open-drain output port characteristics (90 °C) 3 8B7 Group User's Manual 3-11 APPENDIX 3.2 Standard characteristics Port P9 0 IOH -VOH c haracteristics (25 ° C) (Same characteristics pins: P64 t o P6 7, P7, P8, P9, PA, PB) IOH (mA) -100 -9 0 -8 0 -7 0 -6 0 -5 0 -4 0 Vcc = 5.0 V -3 0 -20 Vcc = 3.0 V Vcc = 5.5 V -1 0 0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 VOH (V) Fig. 3.2.5 CMOS output port P-channel side characteristics (25 ° C) IOH (mA) -100 -90 Port P9 0 IOH -VOH c haracteristics (90 ° C) (Same characteristics pins: P64 t o P6 7, P7, P8, P9, PA, PB) -8 0 -7 0 -6 0 -5 0 Vcc = 5.5 V -4 0 Vcc = 5.0 V -3 0 -2 0 -1 0 0 0.0 Vcc = 3.0 V 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 VOH (V) Fig. 3.2.6 CMOS output port P-channel side characteristics (90 ° C) 3-12 38B7 Group User's Manual APPENDIX 3.2 Standard characteristics Port P9 0 IOL-V OL c haracteristics (25 ° C) (Same characteristics pins: P64 t o P67 , P7, P8, P9, PA, PB) IOL (mA) 100 90 80 70 60 Vcc = 5.5 V 50 40 30 Vcc = 5.0 V 20 10 Vcc = 3.0 V 0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 VOL (V) Fig. 3.2.7 CMOS output port N-channel side characteristics (25 °C) IOL (mA) 100 Port P9 0 IOL-V OL c haracteristics (90 ° C) (Same characteristics pins: P64 t o P67 , P7, P8, P9, PA, PB) 90 80 70 60 50 Vcc = 5.5 V 40 Vcc = 5.0 V 30 20 10 Vcc=3.0V 0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 VOL (V) Fig. 3.2.8 CMOS output port N-channel side characteristics (90 °C) 3 8B7 Group User's Manual 3-13 APPENDIX 3.2 Standard characteristics 3.2.3 A-D conversion standard characteristics Figure 3.2.9 shows the A-D conversion standard characteristics. The lower line on the graph indicates the absolute precision error. It expresses the deviation from the ideal value. For example, the conversion of output code from 0016 t o 01 16 o ccurs ideally at the point of AN 0 = 2.5 mV, but the measured value is –2 mV. Accordingly, the measured point of conversion is defined as “2.5 – 2 = 0 .5 mV ” . The upper line on the graph indicates the width of input voltages equivalent to output codes. For example, the measured width of the input voltage for output code 6016 is 6 mV, so that the differential nonlinear error is defined as “ 6 – 5 = 1 m V (0.2 LSB) ” . M38B79MFH-G000FP A-D CONV. ERROR & STEP WIDTH C38B79MFH-G000R-S52T 001 Sample No.1 Mode VDD = 5.12 [V] : VREF = 5.12 [V] XIN = 4 [MHz] : Ta = 25 [deg.] Error (Absolute precision error) 1LSB Width ERROR/1LSB WIDTH(mV) 15 10 5 0 -5 -1 0 -1 5 0 15 10 5 0 -5 -1 0 -15 256 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 512 15 10 5 0 -5 -1 0 -1 5 768 784 800 816 832 848 864 880 896 912 STEP No. 928 944 960 976 992 1008 1024 528 544 560 576 592 608 624 640 656 STEP No. 672 688 704 720 736 752 768 272 288 304 320 336 352 368 384 400 STEP No. 416 432 448 464 480 496 512 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 STEP No. 160 176 192 208 224 240 256 Fig. 3.2.9 A-D conversion standard characteristics ERROR/1LSB WIDTH(mV) ERROR/1LSB WIDTH(mV) ERROR/1LSB WIDTH(mV) 3-14 38B7 Group User's Manual APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use 3.3 Notes on use 3.3.1 Notes on interrupts (1) Change of relevant register settings When switching an active edge of an external interrupt or switching an interrupt sources of an interrupt vector address where two or more interrupt sources are allocated, the interrupt request bit may be set to “1”. When not requiring the interrupt occurrence synchronized with these setting, take the following sequence. Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to “0” (disabled) . ↓ Set the interrupt edge select bit, the active edge switch bit, or the interrupt source select bit to “1”. ↓ NOP (One or more instructions) ↓ Set the corresponding interrupt request bit to “0” (no interrupt request issued). ↓ Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to “1” (enabled). Fig. 3.3.1 Setting procedure of relevant registers s Reason When setting the followings, the interrupt request bit may be set to “1”. •When switching external interrupt active edge Related register: Interrupt edge selection register (address 3A 16) •When switching interrupt sources of an interrupt vector address where two or more interrupt sources are allocated Related register: Interrupt source switch register (address 39 16) (2) Check of interrupt request bit q W hen executing the B BC o r B BS i nstruction to an interrupt request bit of an interrupt request register immediately after this bit is set to “0” by using a data transfer instruction, execute one or more instructions before executing the B BC o r B BS i nstruction. s Reason If the BBC or BBS instruction is executed immediately after an interrupt request bit of an interrupt request register is cleared to “0”, the value of the interrupt request bit before being cleared to “0” is read. 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 3-15 APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use Clear the interrupt request bit to “0” (no interrupt issued) ↓ NOP (one or more instructions) ↓ Execute the BBC or BBS instruction Data transfer instruction: LDM, LDA, STA, STX, and STY instructions Fig. 3.3.2 Sequence of check of interrupt request bit (3) Structure of interrupt control register 2 Fix the bit 7 of the interrupt control register 2 to “0”. Figure 3.3.3 shows the structure of the interrupt control register 2. b7 b0 0 Interrupt control register Address 003F16 Interrupt enable bits Not used Fix this bit to “0”. Fig. 3.3.3 Structure of interrupt control register 2 3.3.2 Notes on I/O port (1) Notes in standby state In standby state✽1 for low-power dissipation, do not make input levels of an input port and an I/O port “undefined”. Pull-up (connect the port to V CC ) or pull-down (connect the port to V SS ) these ports through a resistor. When determining a resistance value, note the following points: • E xternal circuit • V ariation of output levels during the ordinary operation When using an optional built-in pull-up resistor, note on varied current values: • W hen setting as an input port : Fix its input level • When setting as an output port : Prevent current from flowing out to external q Reason The potential which is input to the input buffer in a microcomputer is unstable in the state that input levels of a input port and an I/O port are “ undefined ” . This may cause power source current. ✽ 1 standby state: stop mode by executing S TP i nstruction wait mode by executing W IT i nstruction (2) Modifying port latch of I/O port with bit managing instruction When the port latch of an I/O port is modified with the bit managing instruction✽2, the value of the unspecified bit may be changed. q R eason The bit managing instructions are read-modify-write form instructions for reading and writing data by a byte unit. Accordingly, when these instructions are executed on a bit of the port latch of an I/O port, the following is executed to all bits of the port latch. 3-16 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use • As for bit which The pin state is • As for bit which The bit value is is set for input port: read in the CPU, and is written to this bit after bit managing. is set for output port: read in the CPU, and is written to this bit after bit managing. Note the following: •Even when a port which is set as an output port is changed for an input port, its port latch holds the output data. • As for a bit of which is set for an input port, its value may be changed even when not specified with a bit managing instruction in case where the pin state differs from its port latch contents. ✽2 Bit managing instructions: S EB a nd C LB i nstructions (3) Pull-up/Pull-down control When each port which has built-in pull-up/pull-down resistor is set to output port, pull-up/pull-down control of corresponding port becomes invalid. (Pull-up/pull-down cannot be set.) q R eason Pull-up/pull-down control is valid only when each direction register is set to the input mode. 3.3.3 Notes on serial I/O1 (1) Clock s U sing internal clock After setting the synchronous clock to an internal clock, clear the serial I/O interrupt request bit before perform the normal serial I/O transfer or the serial I/O automatic transfer. s U sing external clock After inputting “ H ” l evel to the external clock input pin, clear the serial I/O interrupt request bit before performing the normal serial I/O transfer or the serial I/O automatic transfer. (2) Using serial I/O1 interrupt Clear bit 3 of the interrupt request register 1 to “ 0 ” b y software before enabling interrupts. (3) State of S OUT1 p in The S OUT1 p in control bit of the serial I/O1 control register 2 can be used to select the state of the SOUT1 pin when serial data is not transferred; either output active or high-impedance. However, when selecting an external synchronous clock; the S OUT1 p in can become the high-impedance state by setting the SOUT1 pin control bit to “1” when the serial I/O1 clock input is at “H” after transfer completion. (4) Serial I/O initialization bit q S et “ 0 ” t o the serial I/O initialization bit of the serial I/O1 control register 1 when terminating a serial transfer during transferring. q W hen writing “ 1 ” t o the serial I/O initialization bit, the serial I/O1 is enabled, but each register is not initialized. Set the value of each register by program. 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-17 APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use (5) Handshake signal s S BUSY1 i nput signal Input an “H” level to the SBUSY1 input and an “L” level signal to the SBUSY1 input in the initial state. When the external synchronous clock is selected, switch the input level to the S BUSY1 input and the SBUSY1 i nput while the serial I/O1 clock input is in “ H ” s tate. s S RDY1 i nput•output signal When selecting the internal synchronous clock, input an “L” level to the S RDY1 input and an “H” level signal to the S RDY1 i nput in the initial state. (6) 8-bit serial I/O mode s When selecting external synchronous clock When an external synchronous clock is selected, the contents of the serial I/O1 register are being shifted continually while the transfer clock is input to the serial I/O1 clock pin. In this case, control the clock externally. (7) In automatic transfer serial I/O mode s S et of automatic transfer interval q W hen the S BUSY1 o utput is used, and the S BUSY1 o utput and the SSTB1 o utput function as signals for each transfer data set by the SBUSY1 output•S STB1 output function selection bit of serial I/O1 control register 2; the transfer interval is inserted before the first data is transmitted/received, and after the last data is transmitted/received. Accordingly, regardless of the contents of the SBUSY1 output•SSTB1 output function selection bit, this transfer interval for each 1-byte data becomes 2 cycles longer than the value set by the automatic transfer interval set bits of serial I/O1 control register 3. q When using the S STB1 output, regardless of the contents of the SBUSY1 output•SSTB1 output function selection bit, this transfer interval for each 1-byte data becomes 2 cycles longer than the value set by the automatic transfer interval set bits of serial I/O1 control register 3. q W hen using the combined output of S BUSY1 a nd SSTB1 a s the signal for each of all transfer data set, the transfer interval after completion of transmission/reception of the last data becomes 2 cycles longer than the value set by the automatic transfer interval set bits. q W hen selecting an external clock, the set of automatic transfer interval becomes invalid. q S et the transfer interval of each 1-byte data transfer as the following: (1) Not using FLD controller Keep the interval for 5 cycles or more of internal system clock from clock rising of the last bit of 1-byte data. (2) Using FLD controller (a) Not using gradation display Keep the interval for 17 cycles or more of internal system clock from clock rising of the last bit of 1-byte data. (b) Using gradation display Keep the interval for 27 cycles or more of internal system clock from clock rising of the last bit of 1-byte data. s S et of serial I/O1 transfer counter q Write the value decreased by 1 from the number of transfer data bytes to the serial I/O1 transfer counter. q When selecting an external clock, after writing a value to the serial I/O1 register/transfer counter, wait for 5 or more cycles of internal system clock before inputting the transfer clock to the serial I/O1 clock p in. s S erial I/O initialization bit A serial I/O1 automatic transfer interrupt request occurs when “ 0 ” i s written to the serial I/O initialization bit during an operation. Disable it with the interrupt enable bit as necessary by program. 3-18 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use Table 3.3.1 SIO1CON3 (address 001C16) setting example selecting internal synchronous clock Serial I/O1 control register Internal synchronous clock selection bits (b7 to b5) 0 0 0 : f(X IN ) / 4 3, SIO1CON3 (address 001C 16) Automatic transfer interval set bits (b4 to b0) 0 0 0 0 0 : 2 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 0 1 : 3 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 1 0 : 4 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 1 1 : 5 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 0 0 : 2 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 0 1 : 3 cycles of transfer clocks 0 0 0 0 0 : 2 cycles of transfer clocks Not using FLDC Not using Using gradation display gradation display mode mode Usable Prohibited Prohibited Usable Prohibited Prohibited Usable Prohibited Prohibited Usable Usable Usable 0 0 1 : f(X IN ) / 8 Usable Prohibited Prohibited Usable Usable Usable 0 1 0 : f(X IN ) / 16 Usable Usable Usable Table 3.3.2 SIO1CON3 (address 001C16) setting example selecting external synchronous clock Serial I/O1 control register 3, “ n ” c ycles of transfer clocks SIO1CON3 (address 001C 16), Automatic transfer interval set bits Not using FLDC Not using gradation display mode Using gradation display mode 3.3.4 Notes on serial I/O2 (1) Notes when selecting clock synchronous serial I/O ➀ Stop of transmission operation As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the transmit enable bit to “ 0 ” ( transmit disabled). q Reason Since transmission is not stopped and the transmission circuit is not initialized even if only the serial I/O2 enable bit is cleared to “ 0 ” ( serial I/O2 disabled), the internal transmission is running (in this case, since pins TxD, RxD, S CLK21, SCLK22 and SRDY2 function as I/O ports, the transmission data is not output). When data is written to the transmit buffer register in this state, data starts to be shifted to the transmit shift register. When the serial I/O2 enable bit is set to “ 1 ” a t this time, the data during internally shifting is output to the TxD pin and an operation failure occurs. ➁ Stop of receive operation As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the receive enable bit to “0” (receive disabled), or clear the serial I/O2 enable bit to “ 0 ” ( serial I/O2 disabled). ➂ Stop of transmit/receive operation As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, simultaneously clear both the transmit enable bit and receive enable bit to “0” (transmit and receive disabled). (when data is transmitted and received in the clock synchronous serial I/O mode, any one of data transmission and reception cannot be stopped.) q Reason In the clock synchronous serial I/O mode, the same clock is used for transmission and reception. If any one of transmission and reception is disabled, a bit error occurs because transmission and reception cannot be synchronized. In this mode, the clock circuit of the transmission circuit also operates for data reception. Accordingly, the transmission circuit does not stop by clearing only the transmit enable bit to “ 0 ” ( transmit disabled). Also, the transmission circuit is not initialized by clearing the serial I/O2 enable bit to “ 0 ” ( serial I/O2 disabled) (refer to (1), ➀). 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual Transfer clock ✕ n c ycles ≥ 5 c ycles of internal system clock Transfer clock ✕ n c ycles ≥ 1 7 cycles of internal system clock Transfer clock ✕ n c ycles ≥ 2 7 cycles of internal system clock 3-19 APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use (2) Notes when selecting clock asynchronous serial I/O ➀ Stop of transmission operation As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the transmit enable bit to “ 0 ” ( transmit disabled). q Reason Since transmission is not stopped and the transmission circuit is not initialized even if only the serial I/O2 enable bit is cleared to “ 0 ” ( serial I/O2 disabled), the internal transmission is running (in this case, since pins TxD, RxD, S CLK21, S CLK22 and S RDY2 function as I/O ports, the transmission data is not output). When data is written to the transmit buffer register in this state, data starts to be shifted to the transmit shift register. When the serial I/O2 enable bit is set to “ 1 ” a t this time, the data during internally shifting is output to the TxD pin and an operation failure occurs. ➁ Stop of receive operation As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the receive enable bit to “ 0 ” ( receive disabled). ➂ Stop of transmit/receive operation Only transmission operation is stopped. As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the transmit enable bit to “ 0 ” ( transmit disabled). q Reason Since transmission is not stopped and the transmission circuit is not initialized even if only the serial I/O2 enable bit is cleared to “ 0 ” ( serial I/O2 disabled), the internal transmission is running (in this case, since pins TxD, RxD, S CLK21, S CLK22 and S RDY2 function as I/O ports, the transmission data is not output). When data is written to the transmit buffer register in this state, data starts to be shifted to the transmit shift register. When the serial I/O2 enable bit is set to “ 1 ” a t this time, the data during internally shifting is output to the TxD pin and an operation failure occurs. Only receive operation is stopped. As for the serial I/O2 that can be used as either a clock synchronous or an asynchronous (UART) serial I/O, clear the receive enable bit to “ 0 ” ( receive disabled). (3) S RDY2 o utput of reception side When signals are output from the SRDY2 p in on the reception side by using an external clock in the clock synchronous serial I/O mode, set all of the receive enable bit, the S RDY2 output enable bit, and the transmit enable bit to “ 1 ” ( transmit enabled). (4) Setting serial I/O2 control register again Set the serial I/O2 control register again after the transmission and the reception circuits are reset by clearing both the transmit enable bit and the receive enable bit to “ 0. ” Clear both the transmit enable bit (TE) and the receive enable bit (RE) to “0” ↓ Set the bits 0 to 3 and bit 6 of the serial I/O2 control register ↓ Set both the transmit enable bit (TE) and the receive enable bit (RE), or one of them to “1” Can be set with the LDM instruction at the same time Fig. 3.3.4 Sequence of setting serial I/O2 control register again 3-20 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use (5) Data transmission control with referring to transmit shift register completion flag The transmit shift register completion flag changes from “1” to “0” with a delay of 0.5 to 1.5 shift clocks. When data transmission is controlled with referring to the flag after writing the data to the transmit buffer register, note the delay. (6) Transmission control when external clock is selected When an external clock is used as the synchronous clock for data transmission, set the transmit enable bit to “1” at “H” of the serial I/O2 clock input level. Also, write the transmit data to the transmit buffer register (serial I/O shift register) at “H” of the serial I/O2 clock input level. (7) Setting procedure when serial I/O2 transmit interrupt is used When setting the transmit enable bit to “1”, the serial I/O2 transmit interrupt request bit is automatically set to “1”. When not requiring the interrupt occurrence synchronized with the transmission enabled, take the following sequence. ➀Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt enable bit to “0” (disabled). ➁Set the transmit enable bit to “1”. ➂ Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt request bit to “0” after 1 or more instructions have been executed. ➃Set the serial I/O1 tranmit interrupt enable bit to “1” (enabled). (8) Using TxD pin The P65/TxD P-channel output disable bit of UART control register is valid in both cases: using as a normal I/O port and as the TxD pin. Do not supply Vcc + 0.3 V or more even when using the P6 5/ TxD pin as an N-channel open-drain output. Additionally, in the serial I/O2, the TxD pin latches the last bit and continues to output it after completing transmission. 3.3.5 Notes on FLD controller q S et a value of 03 16 o r more to the Toff1 time set register. q When displaying in the gradation display mode, select the 16 timing mode by the timing number control bit (bit 4 of FLDC mode register (address 0EF4 16) = “0”). 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 3-21 APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use 3.3.6 Notes on A-D converter (1) Analog input pin s M ake the signal source impedance for analog input low, or equip an analog input pin with an external capacitor of 0.01 µF to 1 µF. Further, be sure to verify the operation of application products on the user side. q Reason An analog input pin includes the capacitor for analog voltage comparison. Accordingly, when signals from signal source with high impedance are input to an analog input pin, charge and discharge noise generates. This may cause the A-D conversion precision to be worse. (2) A-D converter power source pin The AVSS p in is A-D converter power source pin. Regardless of using the A-D conversion function or not, connect it as following : • A VSS : C onnect to the V SS l ine q Reason If the AV SS p in is opened, the microcomputer may have a failure because of noise or others. (3) Clock frequency during A-D conversion The comparator consists of a capacity coupling, and a charge of the capacity will be lost if the clock frequency is too low. Thus, make sure the following during an A-D conversion. • f (XIN ) is 250 kHz or more • D o not execute the S TP i nstruction and W IT i nstruction 3.3.7 Notes on D-A converter (1) PB 0/DA state at reset The PB0/DA pin becomes a high-impedance state at reset. (2) Connection with low-impedance load If connecting a D-A output with a load having a low impedance, use an external buffer. It is because the D-A converter circuit does not include a buffer. (3) Usable voltage Vcc must be 3.0 V or more when using the D-A converter. 3.3.8 Notes on PWM q F or PWM 0 o utput, “ L ” l evel is output first. q A fter data is set to the PWM register (low-order) and the PWM register (high-order), PWM waveform corresponding to new data is output from next repetitive cycle. PWM0 output data change Modified data is output from next repetitive cycle. Fig. 3.3.5 PWM0 o utput 3-22 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use 3.3.9 Notes on watchdog timer q The watchdog timer continues to count even while waiting for stop release. Accordingly, make sure that watchdog timer does not underflow during this term by writing to the watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE 16) once before executing the STP instruction, etc. q O nce a “1” is written to the STP instruction disable bit (bit 6) of the watchdog timer control register (address 0EEE16), it cannot be programmed to “0” again. This bit becomes “0” after reset. 3.3.10 Notes on reset (1) Reset input voltage control Make sure that the reset input voltage is 0.5 V or less for Vcc of 2.7 V. Perform switch to the high-speed mode when power source voltage is within 4.0 to 5.5 V. (2) Countermeasure when RESET signal rise time is long In case where the RESET signal rise time is long, connect a ceramic capacitor or others across the RESET pin and the V SS p in. And use a 1000 pF or more capacitor for high frequency use. When connecting the capacitor, note the following : • Make the length of the wiring which is connected to a capacitor as short as possible. • Be sure to verify the operation of application products on the user side. q Reason If the several nanosecond or several ten nanosecond impulse noise enters the RESET pin, it may cause a microcomputer failure. 3.3.11 Each port state during “L” state of RESET pin Table 3.3.3 shows a pin state during “L” state of RESET pin. Table 3.3.3 Pin state during “L” state of RESET pin Pin name P0, P2 P1, P3 P4, P5, P6 0 t o P6 3 P6 4 t o P6 7, P7, P8 0 t o P83, P9, PA, PB 0 t o PB6 Note : Whether built-in pull-down resistors are connected or not can be specified in ordering mask ROM. Pin state Output port (with pull-down resistor) Input port (with pull-down resistor) Input port (without pull-down resistor) (Note ) Input port (floating) 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 3-23 APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use 3.3.12 Notes on programming (1) Processor status register ➀ Initializing of processor status register Flags which affect program execution must be initialized after a reset. In particular, it is essential to initialize the T and D flags because they have an important effect on calculations. q Reason After a reset, the contents of the processor status register (PS) are undefined except for the I flag which is “ 1 ” . Reset ↓ Initializing of flags ↓ Main program Fig. 3.3.6 Initialization of processor status register ➁ How to reference the processor status register To reference the contents of the processor status register (PS), execute the PHP instruction once then read the contents of (S+1). If necessary, execute the PLP instruction to return the PS to its original status. A N OP i nstruction should be executed after every P LP i nstruction. PLP instruction execution ↓ NOP (S) (S)+1 Stored PS Fig. 3.3.7 Sequence of PLP instruction execution Fig. 3.3.8 Stack memory contents after PHP instruction execution 3-24 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use (2) Decimal calculations ➀ Execution of decimal calculations The A DC a nd S BC a re the only instructions which will yield proper decimal notation, set the decimal mode flag (D) to “1” with the SED instruction. After executing the ADC or SBC instruction, execute another instruction before executing the S EC, C LC , or C LD i nstruction. ➁ Notes on status flag in decimal mode When decimal mode is selected, the values of three of the flags in the status register (the N, V, and Z flags) are invalid after a A DC o r S BC i nstruction is executed. The carry flag (C) is set to “ 1 ” i f a carry is generated as a result of the calculation, or is cleared to “0” if a borrow is generated. To determine whether a calculation has generated a carry, the C flag must be initialized to “0” before each calculation. To check for a borrow, the C flag must be initialized to “ 1 ” b efore each calculation. Set D flag to “1” ↓ ADC or SBC instruction ↓ NOP instruction ↓ SEC, CLC , or CLD instruction Fig. 3.3.9 Status flag at decimal calculations (3) JMP instruction When using the J MP i nstruction in indirect addressing mode, do not specify the last address on a page as an indirect address. 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-25 APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use 3.3.13 Notes on CPU reprogramming mode (1) Transfer the CPU reprogramming mode control program to the internal RAM before selecting the CPU reprogramming mode, and then, execute it on the internal RAM. Additionally, when the subroutine or stack operation instruction is used in the control program, make sure in order not to destroy the control program transferred to the internal RAM through the stack area. (2) Be careful of the instruction description (specifying address, and so on) because the CPU reprogramming mode control program is transferred to the internal RAM and executed on the internal RAM. (3) Write to the watchdog timer control register periodically in order not to generate the watchdog timer interrupt by the CPU reprogramming mode control program (refer to “ 2.9 Watchdog timer” ). 3.3.14 Notes on flash memory version The CNV SS p in is connected to the internal memory circuit block by a low-ohmic resistance, since it has the multiplexed function to be a programmable power source pin (VPP p in) as well. To improve the noise margin, connect the CNV SS p in to V SS t hrough 1 to 10 kΩ r esistance. Even when the wiring of the CNVSS pin of the mask ROM version is connected to Vss through this resistor, that will not affect operation. 3-26 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.3 Notes on use 3.3.15 Termination of unused pins (1) Terminate unused pins ➀ O utput ports : Open ➁ I nput ports : Connect each pin to V CC o r V SS t hrough each resistor of 1 k Ω t o 10 kΩ . As for pins whose potential affects to operation modes such as pin INT or others, select the VCC pin or the VSS p in according to their operation mode. ➂ I /O ports : • S et the I/O ports for the input mode and connect them to V CC o r VSS t hrough each resistor of 1 k Ω t o 10 k Ω . Ports that permit the selecting of a built-in pull-up resistor can also use this resistor. Set the I/O ports for the output mode and open them at “ L ” o r “ H ” . • W hen opening them in the output mode, the input mode of the initial status remains until the mode of the ports is switched over to the output mode by the program after reset. Thus, the potential at these pins is undefined and the power source current may increase in the input mode. With regard to an effects on the system, thoroughly perform system evaluation on the user side. • Since the direction register setup may be changed because of a program runaway or noise, set direction registers by program periodically to increase the reliability of program. (2) Termination remarks ➀ I nput ports and I/O ports : Do not open in the input mode. q R eason • T he power source current may increase depending on the first-stage circuit. • A n effect due to noise may be easily produced as compared with proper termination ➁ a nd ➂ s hown on the above. ➁ I /O ports : When setting for the input mode, do not connect to VCC o r VSS d irectly. q R eason If the direction register setup changes for the output mode because of a program runaway or noise, a short circuit may occur between a port and V CC ( or VSS ). ➂ I /O ports : When setting for the input mode, do not connect multiple ports in a lump to VCC o r V SS t hrough a resistor. q R eason If the direction register setup changes for the output mode because of a program runaway or noise, a short circuit may occur between ports. • At the termination of unused pins, perform wiring at the shortest possible distance (20 mm or less) from microcomputer pins. 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-27 APPENDIX 3.4 Countermeasures against noise 3.4 Countermeasures against noise Countermeasures against noise are described below. The following countermeasures are effective against noise in theory, however, it is necessary not only to take measures as follows but to evaluate before actual use. 3.4.1 Shortest wiring length The wiring on a printed circuit board can function as an antenna which feeds noise into the microcomputer. The shorter the total wiring length (by mm unit), the less the possibility of noise insertion into a microcomputer. (1) Wiring for RESET pin Make the length of wiring which is connected to the RESET pin as short as possible. Especially, connect a capacitor across the RESET pin and the VSS pin with the shortest possible wiring (within 20 mm). q Reason The width of a pulse input into the RESET pin is determined by the timing necessary conditions. If noise having a shorter pulse width than the standard is input to the RESET pin, the reset is released before the internal state of the microcomputer is completely initialized. This may cause a program runaway. Noise Reset circuit VSS N.G. RESET VSS Reset circuit VSS RESET VSS O.K. Fig. 3.4.1 Wiring for the RESET pin 3-28 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPENDIX 3.4 Countermeasures against noise (2) Wiring for clock input/output pins • M ake the length of wiring which is connected to clock I/O pins as short as possible. • M ake the length of wiring (within 20 mm) across the grounding lead of a capacitor which is connected to an oscillator and the V SS p in of a microcomputer as short as possible. • S eparate the V SS p attern only for oscillation from other VSS p atterns. q Reason If noise enters clock I/O pins, clock waveforms may be deformed. This may cause a program failure or program runaway. Also, if a potential difference is caused by the noise between the VSS level of a microcomputer and the VSS l evel of an oscillator, the correct clock will not be input in the microcomputer. Noise XIN XOUT VSS N.G. XIN XOUT VSS O.K. Fig. 3.4.2 Wiring for clock I/O pins (3) Wiring to CNVss pin Connect the CNVss pin to the Vss pin with the shortest possible wiring. q R eason The processor mode of a microcomputer is influenced by a potential at the CNVss pin. If a potential difference is caused by the noise between pins CNVss and Vss, the processor mode may become unstable. This may cause a microcomputer malfunction or a program runaway. Noise CNV SS VSS CNV SS VSS N.G. Fig. 3.4.3 Wiring for CNVss pin O.K. 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-29 APPENDIX 3.4 Countermeasures against noise (4) Wiring to V PP p in of flash memory version Connect an approximately 5 kΩ resistor to the VPP pin the shortest possible in series and also to the Vss pin. When not connecting the resistor, make the length of wiring between the VPP p in and the V SS p in the shortest possible. Note: Even when a circuit which included an approximately 5 k Ω resistor is used in the Mask ROM version, the microcomputer operates correctly. q Reason The V PP p in of the flash memory version is the power source input pin for the built-in flash memory. When programming/erasing in the built-in flash memory, the impedance of the VPP p in is low to allow the electric current for writing/erasing flow into the flash memory. Because of this, noise can enter easily. If noise enters the V PP p in, abnormal instruction codes or data are read from the built-in flash memory, which may cause a program runaway. Approximately 5 kΩ CNVSS/VPP VSS In the shortest distance Fig. 3.4.4 Wiring for the VPP p in of the flash memory version 3.4.2 Connection of bypass capacitor across V SS l ine and V CC line Connect an approximately 0.1 µF bypass capacitor across the V SS l ine and the V CC l ine as follows: • C onnect a bypass capacitor across the V SS p in and the V CC p in at equal length. • C onnect a bypass capacitor across the VSS p in and the VCC p in with the shortest possible wiring. • U se lines with a larger diameter than other signal lines for VSS l ine and V CC l ine. • C onnect the power source wiring via a bypass capacitor to the V SS p in and the VCC p in. VCC VCC VSS VSS N.G. O.K. Fig. 3.4.5 Bypass capacitor across the V SS l ine and the V CC l ine 3-30 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.4 Countermeasures against noise 3.4.3 Wiring to analog input pins • Connect an approximately 100 Ω to 1 kΩ resistor to an analog signal line which is connected to an analog input pin in series. Besides, connect the resistor to the microcomputer as close as possible. • Connect an approximately 1000 pF capacitor across the V SS p in and the analog input pin. Besides, connect the capacitor to the V SS pin as close as possible. Also, connect the capacitor across the analog input pin and the V SS p in at equal length. q Reason Signals which is input in an analog input pin (such as an A-D converter/comparator input pin) are usually output signals from sensor. The sensor which detects a change of event is installed far from the printed circuit board with a microcomputer, the wiring to an analog input pin is longer necessarily. This long wiring functions as an antenna which feeds noise into the microcomputer, which causes noise to an analog input pin. If a capacitor between an analog input pin and the V SS pin is grounded at a position far away from the VSS p in, noise on the GND line may enter a microcomputer through the capacitor. Noise (Note) Microcomputer Analog input pin N.G. O.K. Thermistor VSS Note : The resistor is used for dividing resistance with a thermistor. Fig. 3.4.6 Analog signal line and a resistor and a capacitor 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 3-31 APPENDIX 3.4 Countermeasures against noise 3.4.4 Oscillator concerns Take care to prevent an oscillator that generates clocks for a microcomputer operation from being affected by other signals. (1) Keeping oscillator away from large current signal lines Install a microcomputer (and especially an oscillator) as far as possible from signal lines where a current larger than the tolerance of current value flows. q Reason In the system using a microcomputer, there are signal lines for controlling motors, LEDs, and thermal heads or others. When a large current flows through those signal lines, strong noise occurs because of mutual inductance. Microcomputer Mutual inductance M Large current GND Fig. 3.4.7 Wiring for a large current signal line (2) Installing oscillator away from signal lines where potential levels change frequently Install an oscillator and a connecting pattern of an oscillator away from signal lines where potential levels change frequently. Also, do not cross such signal lines over the clock lines or the signal lines which are sensitive to noise. q Reason Signal lines where potential levels change frequently (such as the CNTR pin signal line) may affect other lines at signal rising edge or falling edge. If such lines cross over a clock line, clock waveforms may be deformed, which causes a microcomputer failure or a program runaway. XIN XOUT VSS N.G. Do not cross CNTR XIN XOUT VSS Fig. 3.4.8 Wiring of signal lines where potential levels change frequently 3-32 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.4 Countermeasures against noise (3) Oscillator protection using V SS p attern As for a two-sided printed circuit board, print a VSS pattern on the underside (soldering side) of the position (on the component side) where an oscillator is mounted. Connect the V SS p attern to the microcomputer VSS p in with the shortest possible wiring. Besides, separate this V SS p attern from other VSS p atterns. An example of VSS patterns on the underside of a printed circuit board Oscillator wiring pattern example XIN XOUT VSS Separate the VSS line for oscillation from other VSS lines Fig. 3.4.9 V SS p attern on the underside of an oscillator 3.4.5 Setup for I/O ports Setup I/O ports using hardware and software as follows: • C onnect a resistor of 100 Ω o r more to an I/O port in series. • A s for an input port, read data several times by a program for checking whether input levels are equal or not. • As for an output port, since the output data may reverse because of noise, rewrite data to its port latch at fixed periods. • R ewrite data to direction registers and pull-up control registers at fixed periods. O.K. Noise Data bus Direction register N.G. Port latch I/O port pins Noise Fig. 3.4.10 Setup for I/O ports 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-33 APPENDIX 3.4 Countermeasures against noise 3.4.6 Providing of watchdog timer function by software If a microcomputer runs away because of noise or others, it can be detected by a software watchdog timer and the microcomputer can be reset to normal operation. This is equal to or more effective than program runaway detection by a hardware watchdog timer. The following shows an example of a watchdog timer provided by software. In the following example, to reset a microcomputer to normal operation, the main routine detects errors of the interrupt processing routine and the interrupt processing routine detects errors of the main routine. This example assumes that interrupt processing is repeated multiple times in a single main routine processing. • A ssigns a single byte of RAM to a software watchdog timer (SWDT) and writes the initial value N in the SWDT once at each execution of the main routine. The initial value N should satisfy the following condition: N+1 ≥ ( Counts of interrupt processing executed in each main routine) As the main routine execution cycle may change because of an interrupt processing or others, the initial value N should have a margin. • Watches the operation of the interrupt processing routine by comparing the SWDT contents with counts of interrupt processing after the initial value N has been set. • Detects that the interrupt processing routine has failed and determines to branch to the program initialization routine for recovery processing in the following case: If the SWDT contents do not change after interrupt processing. • D ecrements the SWDT contents by 1 at each interrupt processing. • D etermines that the main routine operates normally when the SWDT contents are reset to the initial value N at almost fixed cycles (at the fixed interrupt processing count). • D etects that the main routine has failed and determines to branch to the program initialization routine for recovery processing in the following case: If the SWDT contents are not initialized to the initial value N but continued to decrement and if they reach 0 or less. Main routine (SWDT)← N CLI Main processing ≠N (SWDT) =N? N Interrupt processing routine (SWDT) ← (SWDT)—1 Interrupt processing (SWDT) ≤0? ≤0 >0 RTI Return Main routine errors Interrupt processing routine errors Fig. 3.4.11 Watchdog timer by software 3-34 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers 3.5 Control registers Port Pi b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port Pi (i = 0 to 7, 9, A) (Pi: addresses 0016, 0216, 0416, 0616, 0816, 0A16, 0C16, 0E16, 1216, 1416) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name Port Pi0 Port Pi1 Port Pi2 Port Pi3 Port Pi4 Port Pi5 Port Pi6 Port Pi7 Functions qIn output mode Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Read • • • • • • • • Port latch qIn input mode Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Read • • • • • • • • Value of pin At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.1 Structure of Port Pi (i =0–7, 9, A) Port P8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P8 (P8: address 1016) b Name Functions qIn output mode Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Read • • • • • • • • Port latch qIn input mode Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Read • • • • • • • • Value of pin At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port P80 1 Port P81 2 Port P82 3 Port P83 4 Nothing is arranged for these bits. When these 5 bits are read out, the contents are undefined. 6 7 Fig. 3.5.2 Structure of Port P8 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 3-35 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Port PB b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port PB (PB: address 1616) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port PB0 qIn output mode Port PB1 Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Port PB2 Read • • • • • • • • Port latch qIn input mode Port PB3 Write • • • • • • • • Port latch Port PB4 Read • • • • • • • • Value of pin Port PB5 Port PB6 Nothing is arranged for this bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are undefined. Fig. 3.5.3 Structure of Port PB Port Pi direction register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port Pi direction register (PiD) (i = 1, 3 to 7, 9, A) [Addresses 0316, 0716, 0916, 0B16, 0D16, 0F16, 1316, 1516] b Name Functions 0 : Port Pi0 input mode 1 : Port Pi0 output mode 0 : Port Pi1 input mode 1 : Port Pi1 output mode 0 : Port Pi2 input mode 1 : Port Pi2 output mode 0 : Port Pi3 input mode 1 : Port Pi3 output mode 0 : Port Pi4 input mode 1 : Port Pi4 output mode 0 : Port Pi5 input mode 1 : Port Pi5 output mode 0 : Port Pi6 input mode 1 : Port Pi6 output mode 0 : Port Pi7 input mode 1 : Port Pi7 output mode At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port Pi direction register 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fig. 3.5.4 Structure of Port Pi direction register (i = 1, 3 – 7, 9, A) 3-36 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Port P8 direction register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P8 direction register (P8D: address 1116) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port P8 direction register 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 : Port P80 input mode 1 : Port P80 output mode 0 : Port P81 input mode 1 : Port P81 output mode 0 : Port P82 input mode 1 : Port P82 output mode 0 : Port P83 input mode 1 : Port P83 output mode Nothing is arranged for these bits. When these bits are read out, the contents are undefined. Fig. 3.5.5 Structure of Port P8 direction register Port PB direction register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port PB direction register (PBD: address 1716) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port PB direction register 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 : Port PB0 input mode 1 : Port PB0 output mode 0 : Port PB1 input mode 1 : Port PB1 output mode 0 : Port PB2 input mode 1 : Port PB2 output mode 0 : Port PB3 input mode 1 : Port PB3 output mode 0 : Port PB4 input mode 1 : Port PB4 output mode 0 : Port PB5 input mode 1 : Port PB5 output mode 0 : Port PB6 input mode 1 : Port PB6 output mode Nothing is arranged for this bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are undefined. ✕ ✕✕ Fig. 3.5.6 Structure of Port PB direction register 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 3-37 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer (SIO1DP: address 1816) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 • Indicates the low-order 8 bits (0016 to FF16) of 1 the address storing the start data on the serial 2 I/O automatic transfer RAM. 3 • Data is written into the latch and read from the 4 decrement counter. 5 6 7 Fig. 3.5.7 Structure of Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer Serial I/O1 control register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 control register 1 (SIO1CON1•SC11: address 1916) b Name b1b0 Functions 0 0: Serial I/O disabled (Pins PB0–PB6 pins are I/O ports.) 0 1: 8-bit serial I/O 1 0: Not available 1 1: Automatic transfer serial I/O (8 bits) b3b2 At reset R W 0 0 Serial transfer selection bits 1 0 2 Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bits (PB3/SSTB1 pin control bits) 3 0 0: Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is I/O port.) 0 1: External synchronous clock (PB3 pin is I/O port.) 1 0: Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is SSTB1 output.) 1 1: Internal synchronous clock (PB3 pin is SSTB1 output.) 0 0 4 Serial I/O initialization bit 5 Transfer mode selection bit 0: Serial I/O initialization 1: Serial I/O enabled 0: Full-duplex (transmit/receive) mode (PB6 pin is SIN1 input.) 1: Transmit-only mode (PB6 pin is I/O port.) 0: LSB first 1: MSB first 0 0 6 Transfer direction selection bit 0 7 Serial I/O1 clock pin 0: SCLK11 (PB0/SCLK12 pin selection bit is I/O port.) 1: SCLK12 (PB4/SCLK11 pin is I/O port.) 0 Fig. 3.5.8 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 1 3-38 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Serial I/O1 control register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 control register 2 (SIO1CON2 • SC12: address 1A16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 PB1/SRDY1 • PB2/SBUSY1 pin control bits b3b2b1b0 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 0 0: PB1, PB2 pins are I/O ports. 0 0 0 1: Not used 0 0 1 0: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is I/O port. 0 0 1 1: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is I/O port. 0 1 0 0: PB1 pin is I/O port; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. 0 1 0 1: PB1 pin is I/O port; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. 0 1 1 0: PB1 pin is I/O port; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 0 1 1 1: PB1 pin is I/O port; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 1 0 0 0: PB1 pin is SRDY1 input; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 1 0 0 1: PB1 pin is SRDY1 input; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 1 0 1 0: PB1 pin is SRDY1 input; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 1 0 1 1: PB1 pin is SRDY1 input; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 output. 1 1 0 0: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. 1 1 0 1: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. 1 1 1 0: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. 1 1 1 1: PB1 pin is SRDY1 output; PB2 pin is SBUSY1 input. SBUSY1 output • 0: Functions as signal for SSTB1 output each 1-byte function selection bit 1: Functions as signal for (Valid in serial I/O1 each transfer data set automatic transfer mode) Serial transfer 0: Serial transfer status flag completed 1: Serial transfer inprogress 0 0 0 0 0 6 SOUT1 pin control 0: Output active bit (when serial data 1: Output high-impedance is not transferred) 7 PB5/SOUT1 P-channel 0: CMOS 3 state (Poutput disable bit channel output is valid.) 1: N-channel open-drain output (P-channel output is invalid.) 0 0 Fig. 3.5.9 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 2 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-39 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter (SIO1: address 1B16) b Name Functions At reset R W •At function as serial I/O1 Undefined 0 •In 8-bit serial I/O register: mode: This register becomes the Serial I/O1 register shift register to perform 1 Undefined serial transmit/reception. •In automatic transfer Set transmit data to this serial I/O mode: register. 2 Transfer counter Undefined The serial transfer is started by writing the transmit data. 3 4 5 6 7 •At function as transfer counter: Set (transfer byte number – 1) to this register. When selecting an internal clock, the automatic transfer is started by writing the transmit data. (When selecting an external clock, after writing a value to this register, wait for 5 or more cycles of the internal system clock before inputting the transfer clock to the SCLK1 pin.) Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Fig. 3.5.10 Structure of Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter 3-40 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Serial I/O1 control register 3 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O1 control register 3 (SIO1CON3 • SC13: address 1C16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Automatic transfer b4b3b2b1b0 2 cycles of 0 0 0 0 0: interval set bits transfer clock (valid only when 0 0 0 0 1: 3 cycles of 1 selecting internal transfer clock synchronous clock) to 1 1 1 1 0: 32 cycles of 2 transfer clock 1 1 1 1 1: 33 cycles of 3 transfer clock 4 5 Internal synchronous clock selection bits Data is written into the latch and read from the decrement counter. b7b6b5 6 7 0 0 0 : f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/8 0 0 1 : f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1 0 : f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 0 1 1 : f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN)/64 1 0 0 : f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 1 0 1 : f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/256 1 1 0 : f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/512 1 1 1 : Not used 0 0 Fig. 3.5.11 Structure of Serial I/O1 control register 3 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-41 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Serial I/O2 control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O2 control register (SIO2CON: address 1D16) b Name Functions 0: f(XIN) or f(XCIN)/2 or f(XCIN) 1: f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/4 •In clock synchronous mode 0: BRG output/4 1: External clock input •In UART mode 0: BRG output/16 1: External clock input/16 0: P67 pin operates as normal I/O pin 1: P67 pin operates as SRDY2 output pin At reset R W 0 0 BRG count source selection bit (CSS) 1 Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit (SCS) 0 2 SRDY2 output enable bit (SRDY) 0 0: When transmit buffer 3 Transmit interrupt source selection bit has emptied (TIC) 1: When transmit shift operation is completed 4 Transmit enable bit (TE) 5 Receive enable bit (RE) 6 Serial I/O2 mode selection bit (SIOM) 0: Transmit disabled 1: Transmit enabled 0: Receive disabled 1: Receive enabled 0: Clock asynchronous serial I/O (UART) mode 1: Clock synchronous serial I/O mode 0: Serial I/O2 disabled (pins P64–P67 operate as normal I/O pins) 1: Serial I/O2 enabled (pins P64–P67 operate as serial I/O pins) 0 0 0 0 7 Serial I/O2 enable bit (SIOE) 0 Fig. 3.5.12 Structure of Serial I/O2 control register 3-42 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Serial I/O2 status register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O2 status register (SIO2STS: address 1E16) b Name Functions 0: Buffer full 1: Buffer empty 0: Buffer empty 1: Buffer full 0: Transmit shift in progress 1: Transmit shift completed At reset R W 0 0 0 0 Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) 1 Receive buffer full flag (RBF) 2 Transmit shift register shift completion flag (TSC) 3 Overrun error flag (OE) 4 Parity error flag (PE) 0: No error 1: Overrun error 0: No error 1: Parity error 5 Framing error flag 0: No error 1: Framing error (FE) 6 Summing error flag 0: (OE) U (PE) U (FE) = 0 (SE) 1: (OE) U (PE) U (FE) = 1 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “1”. 0 0 0 0 1 Fig. 3.5.13 Structure of Serial I/O2 status register Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register (TB/RB: address 1F16) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 This is the buffer register which is used to write transmit data or to read receive data. 1 • At write : The value is written to the transmit buffer register. The value cannot be 2 written to the receive buffer register. 3 • At read : The contents of the receive buffer register is read out. When a 4 character bit length is 7 bits, the 5 MSB of data stored in the receive buffer is “0”. The contents of the 6 transmit buffer register cannot be 7 read out. Fig. 3.5.14 Structure of Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-43 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Timer i b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer i (i = 1, 3 to 6) (Ti: addresses 2016, 2216, 2316, 2416, 2516) b Functions At reset R W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 • Set timer i count value. 1 • The value set in this register is written to both 2 the timer i and the timer i latch at one time. 3 • When the timer i is read out, the count value 4 of the timer i is read out. 5 6 7 Fig. 3.5.15 Structure of Timer i Timer 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer 2 (T2: address 2116) b Functions At reset R W 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • Set timer 2 count value. 1 • The value set in this register is written to both 2 the timer 2 and the timer 2 latch at one time. 3 • When the timer 2 is read out, the count value 4 of the timer 2 is read out. 5 6 7 Fig. 3.5.16 Structure of Timer 2 PWM control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 PWM control register (PWMCON: address 2616) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0: I/O port 0 P96/PWM0 output selection bit 1: PWM0 output 1 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are 2 write disabled bits. When these bits are read out, 3 the contents are “0”. 4 5 6 7 Fig. 3.5.17 Structure of PWM control register 3-44 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Timer 6 PWM register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer 6 PWM register (T6PWM: address 2716) b 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Functions “L” level width of PWM rectangular waveform is set. • Duty of PWM rectangular waveform: n/(n + m) Period: (n + m) × ts n = timer 6 set value m = timer 6 PWM register set value ts = timer 6 count source period At n = 0, all PWM output “L”. At m = 0, all PWM output “H”. (However, n = 0 has priority.) • Selection of timer 6 PWM1 mode Set “1” to the timer 6 operation mode selection bit. At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 • In timer 6 PWM1 mode Fig. 3.5.18 Structure of Timer 6 PWM register Timer 12 mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer 12 mode register (T12M: address 2816) b 0 1 2 3 Name Timer 1 count stop bit Timer 2 count stop bit Timer 1 count source selection bits Functions 0: Count operation 1: Count stop 0: Count operation 1: Count stop b3 b2 At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1: f(XCIN) 1 0: f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 1 1: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 4 Timer 2 count source selection bits 5 b5 b4 0 0: Timer 1 underflow 0 1: f(XCIN) 1 0: External count input CNTR0 1 1: Not available 0: I/O port 6 Timer 1 output selection bit (P75) 1: Timer 1 output 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.19 Structure of Timer 12 mode register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-45 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Timer 34 mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer 34 mode register (T34M: address 2916) b 0 1 2 3 Name Timer 3 count stop bit Timer 4 count stop bit Timer 3 count source selection bits Functions 0: Count operation 1: Count stop 0: Count operation 1: Count stop b3 b2 At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1: Timer 2 underflow 1 0: f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 1 1: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 4 Timer 4 count source selection bits 5 b5 b4 0 0: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1: Timer 3 underflow 1 0: External count input CNTR1 1 1: Not available 0: I/O port 6 Timer 3 output selection bit (P76) 1: Timer 3 output 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.20 Structure of Timer 34 mode register Timer 56 mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer 56 mode register (T56M: address 2A16) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 Name Timer 5 count stop bit Timer 6 count stop bit Timer 5 count source selection bit Timer 6 operation mode selection bit Timer 6 count source selection bits Functions 0: Count operation 1: Count stop 0: Count operation 1: Count stop 0: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 1: Timer 4 underflow 0: Timer mode 1: PWM mode b5 b4 At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 Timer 6 (PWM) output selection bit (P74) 0 0: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 0 1: Timer 5 underflow 1 0: Timer 4 underflow 1 1: Not available 0: I/O port 1: Timer 6 output 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 Fig. 3.5.21 Structure of Timer 56 mode register 3-46 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers D-A conversion register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 D-A conversion register (DA: address 2B16) b Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 •This is a register for set of D-A conversion output value. 1 • D-A conversion is performed automatically by setting a value in this register. 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fig. 3.5.22 Structure of D-A conversion register Timer X (low-order, high-order) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer X (low-order, high-order) (TXL, TXH: addresses 2C16, 2D16) b Functions At reset R W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 • Set timer X count value. 1 • When the timer X write control bit of the timer X mode register 1 is “0”, the value is written to 2 timer X and the latch at one time. 3 When the timer X write control bit of the timer X mode register 1 is “1”, the value is written 4 only to the latch. 5 • The timer X count value is read out by reading 6 this register. 7 Notes 1: When reading and writing, perform them to both the highorder and low-order bytes. 2: Read both registers in order of TXH and TXL following. 3: Write both registers in order of TXL and TXH following. 4: Do not read both registers during a write, and do not write to both registers during a read. Fig. 3.5.23 Structure of Timer X (low-order, high-order) 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-47 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Timer X mode register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer X mode register 1 (TXM1: address 2E16) b Name Functions 0 : Write value in latch and counter 1 : Write value in latch only At reset R W 0 0 Timer X write control bit b2 b1 1 Timer X count 0 0: f(XIN)/2 or f(XCIN)/4 source selection bits 0 1: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 1 0: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 2 1 1: Not available 3 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 4 Timer X operating mode bits 5 b5 b4 0 0 0 : Timer mode 0 1 : Pulse output mode 1 0 : Event counter mode 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode 0 6 CNTR2 active edge 0 : •Start from “H” output in pulse output mode switch bit •Count at rising edge in event counter mode •Measure “H” pulse width in pulse width measurement mode 1 : •Start from “L” output in pulse output mode •Count at falling edge in event counter mode •Measure “L” pulse width in pulse width measurement mode 7 Timer X stop control bit 0 : Count operating 1 : Count stop 0 0 Fig. 3.5.24 Structure of Timer X mode register 1 3-48 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Timer X mode register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Timer X mode register 2 (TXM2: address 2F16) b Name bit (P94) Functions 0: Real time port function is invalid 1: Real time port function is valid 0: Real time port function is invalid 1: Real time port function is valid 0: “L” output 1: “H” output 0: “L” output 1: “H” output At reset R W 0 0 Real time port control 1 Real time port control bit (P95) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 P94 data for real time port 3 P95 data for real time port 4 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are 5 write disabled bits. When these bits are read 6 out, the contents are “0”. 7 Fig. 3.5.25 Structure of Timer X mode register 2 Interrupt interval determination register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt interval determination register (IID: address 3016) b Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 • This register stores a value which is obtained by counting a following interval with the 1 counter sampling clock. 2 Rising interval 3 Falling interval Both edges interval (Note) 4 (Selected by interrupt edge selection register) 5 • Read exclusive register 6 7 Note: When the noise filter sampling clock selection bits (bits 2, 3) of the interrupt interval determination control register is “00”, the both-sided edge detection function cannot be used. Fig. 3.5.26 Structure of Interrupt interval determination register 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 3-49 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Interrupt interval determination control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt interval determination control register (IIDCON: address 3116) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0: Stopped 0 Interrupt interval determination circuit 1: Operating operating selection bit 1 Counter sampling clock selection bit 2 Noise filter sampling clock 3 selection bits (INT2) 4 One-sided/bothsided edge detection selection bit 0: f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN) 1: f(XIN)/256 or f(XCIN)/2 b3 b2 0 0 0 0 0 0: Filter is not used. 0 1: f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN) 1 0: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/2 1 1: f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/4 0: One-sided edge detection 1: Both-sided edge detection (Note) 5 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are 6 write disabled bits. When these bits are read 7 out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 Note: When the noise filter sampling clock selection bits (bits 2, 3) is “00”, the both-sided edge detection function cannot be used. Fig. 3.5.27 Structure of Interrupt interval determination control register 3-50 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers AD/DA control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 AD/DA control register (ADCON: address 3216) b Name b3 b2 b1 b0 Functions 0 0 0 0: PA0/AN0 0 0 0 1: PA1/AN1 0 0 1 0: PA2/AN2 0 0 1 1: PA3/AN3 0 1 0 0: PA4/AN4 0 1 0 1: PA5/AN5 0 1 1 0: PA6/AN6 0 1 1 1: PA7/AN7 1 0 0 0: P90/SIN3/AN8 1 0 0 1: P91/SOUT3/AN9 1 0 1 0: P92/SCLK3/AN10 1 0 1 1: P93/SRDY3/AN11 1 1 0 0: P94/RTP1/AN12 1 1 0 1: P95/RTP0/AN13 1 1 1 0: P96/PWM0/AN14 1 1 1 1: P97/BUZ02/AN15 At reset R W 0 0 Analog input pin selection bits 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 AD conversion 0: Conversion in progress 1: Conversion completed completion bit 5 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0: DA output disabled 6 DA output enable bit 1: DA output enabled 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 1 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.28 Structure of AD/DA control register A-D conversion register (low-order) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 A-D conversion register (low-order) (ADL: address 3316) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Functions Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are write disabled bits. When these bits are read out, the contents are “0”. At reset R W Undefined Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined Undefined These are A-D conversion result (low-order 2 bits) stored bits. This is read exclusive register. Note: Do not read this register during A-D conversion. Fig. 3.5.29 Structure of A-D conversion register (low-order) 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-51 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers A-D conversion register (high-order) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 A-D conversion register (high-order) (ADH: address 3416) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 Undefined 0 0 This is A-D conversion result (high-order 8 bits) stored 1 bits. This is read exclusive register. 2 3 4 5 6 7 Note: Do not read this register during A-D conversion. Fig. 3.5.30 Structure of A-D conversion register (high-order) PWM register (high-order) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 PWM register (high-order) (PWMH: address 3516) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 • High-order 8 bits of PWM0 output data is set. • The values set in this register is transferred to 1 the PWM latch each sub-period cycle (64 µs). (At f(XIN) = 4 MHz) 2 • When this register is read out, the value of the 3 PWM register (high-order) is read out. 4 5 6 7 Fig. 3.5.31 Structure of PWM register (high-order) 3-52 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers PWM register (low-order) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 PWM register (low-order) (PWML: address 3616) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 • Low-order 6 bits of PWM0 output data is set. • The values set in this register is transferred to 1 the PWM latch at each PWM cycle period (4096 µs). 2 (At f(XIN) = 4 MHz) 3 • When this register is read out, the value of the PWM latch (low-order 6 bits) is read out. 4 5 6 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This bit is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 7 • This bit indicates whether the transfer to the PWM latch is completed. 0: Transfer is completed 1: Transfer is not completed • This bit is set to “1” at writing. ✕ ✕ Undefined Fig. 3.5.32 Structure of PWM register (low-order) Baud rate generator b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Baud rate generator (BRG: address 3716) b Functions At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 • Bit rate of the serial transfer is determined. • This is the 8-bit counter and has the reload 1 register. The count source is divided by n+1 owing to 2 specifying a value n. 3 4 5 6 7 Fig. 3.5.33 Structure of Baud rate generator 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 3-53 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers UART control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 UART control register (UARTCON: address 3816) b 0 1 2 3 4 Name Character length selection bit (CHAS) Parity enable bit (PARE) Parity selection bit (PARS) Stop bit length selection bit (STPS) P65/TxD P-channel output disable bit (POFF) Functions 0: 8 bits 1: 7 bits 0: Parity checking disabled 1: Parity checking enabled 0: Even parity 1: Odd parity 0: 1 stop bit 1: 2 stop bits 0: CMOS output (in output mode) 1: N-channel open-drain output (in output mode) At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 5 BRG clock switch bit 0: XIN or XCIN/2 (depending on internal system clock) 1: XCIN 6 Serial I/O2 clock 0: SCLK21 (P67/SCLK22 pin is used as I/O port or SRDY2 I/O pin selection bit output pin.) 1: SCLK22 (P66/SCLK21 pin is used as I/O port.) 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “1”. 0 0 1 Fig. 3.5.34 Structure of UART control register 3-54 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Interrupt source switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt source switch register (IFR: address 3916) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 INT3/serial I/O2 transmit interrupt switch bit 0: INT3 intrrupt 1: Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt 0: INT4 interrupt 1 INT4/A-D conversion interrupt 1: A-D conversion intrerrupt switch bit 0: INT1 intrrupt 2 INT1/serial I/O3 interrupt switch bit 1: Serial I/O3 interrupt 3 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are write 4 disabled bits. When these bits are read out, the contents are “0”. 5 6 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.35 Structure of Interrupt source switch register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-55 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Interrupt edge selection register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE : address 3A16) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 INT0 interrupt edge 0 : Falling edge active selection bit 1 : Rising edge active INT1 interrupt edge 0 : Falling edge active selection bit 1 : Rising edge active INT2 interrupt edge 0 : Falling edge active 1 : Rising edge active selection bit INT3 interrupt edge 0 : Falling edge active selection bit 1 : Rising edge active INT4 interrupt edge 0 : Falling edge active 1 : Rising edge active selection bit Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. CNTR0 pin edge 0 : Rising edge count switch bit 1 : Falling edge count CNTR1 pin edge 0 : Rising edge count 1 : Falling edge count switch bit 0 0 Fig. 3.5.36 Structure of Interrupt edge selection register 3-56 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers CPU mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 1 00 CPU mode register (CPUM: address 3B16) b Name b1 b0 Functions 00 : Single-chip mode 01 : 10 : Not available 11 : 0 : Page 0 1 : Page 1 At reset R W 0 0 0 1 0 Processor mode bits 1 2 Stack page selection bit Fix this bit to “1”. 3 4 Port Xc switch bit 5 Main clock (XINXOUT) stop bit 6 Main clock division ratio selection bit 7 Internal system clock selection bit 0: I/O port function 1: XCIN-XCOUT oscillation function 0: Oscillating 1: Stopped 0: f(XIN) (high-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/4 (middle-speed mode) 0: XIN–XOUT selection (middle-/high-speed mode) 1: XCIN–XCOUT selection (low-speed mode) 0 0 1 0 Note: B6, b7 function in the CPU reprogramming mode is described below. 6 Main clock division ratio selection bits 7 0 0: φ = f(XIN) (high-speed mode) 0 1: φ = f(XIN)/4 (middlespeed mode) 1 0: φ = f(XCIN)/2 (lowspeed mode) 1 1: Not available b7 b6 1 0 Fig. 3.5.37 Structure of CPU mode register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-57 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Interrupt request register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1 : address 3C16) b Name Functions 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued At reset R W 0 ✽ 0 INT0 interrupt request bit 1 INT1/serial I/O3 0 : No interrupt request interrupt request bit issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 2 INT2 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request request bit issued Remote controller 1 : Interrupt request issued /counter overflow interrupt request bit 3 Serial I/O1 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request issued request bit Serial I/O automatic 1 : Interrupt request issued transfer interrupt request bit 4 Timer X interrupt request bit 5 Timer 1 interrupt request bit 6 Timer 2 interrupt request bit 7 Timer 3 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 ✽ ✽: “0” can be set by software, but “1” cannot be set. Fig. 3.5.38 Structure of Interrupt request register 1 3-58 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Interrupt request register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2 : address 3D16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 ✽ ✽ ✽ ✽ ✽ 0 : No interrupt request issued 0 Timer 4 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 Timer 5 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit Timer 6 interrupt 0 : No interrupt request issued 2 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit 3 Serial I/O2 receive 0 : No interrupt request issued interrupt request bit 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 4 INT3/Serial I/O2 1 : Interrupt request issued transmit interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 5 INT4 interrupt 1 : Interrupt request issued request bit A-D converter interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 6 FLD blanking interrupt request bit 1 : Interrupt request issued FLD digit interrupt request bit 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. ✽: “0” can be set by software, but “1” cannot be set. 0 ✽ 0 ✽ 0 Fig. 3.5.39 Structure of Interrupt request register 2 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-59 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Interrupt control register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1 : address 3E16) b Name Functions 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled At reset R W 0 0 0 0 INT0 interrupt enable bit 1 INT1/serial I/O3 interrupt enable bit 2 INT2 interrupt enable bit Remote controller /counter overflow interrupt enable bit 3 Serial I/O1 interrupt enable bit Serial I/O automatic transfer interrupt enable bit Timer X interrupt 4 enable bit 5 Timer 1 interrupt enable bit 6 Timer 2 interrupt enable bit 7 Timer 3 interrupt enable bit 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.40 Structure of Interrupt control register 1 3-60 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Interrupt control register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2 : address 3F16) b Name Functions 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 Timer 4 interrupt enable bit 1 Timer 5 interrupt enable bit 2 Timer 6 interrupt enable bit 3 Serial I/O2 receive interrupt enable bit 4 INT3/Serial I/O2 transmit interrupt enable bit 5 INT4 interrupt enable bit A-D converter interrupt enable bit 6 FLD blanking interrupt enable bit FLD digit interrupt enable bit 7 Fix “0” to this bit. 0 0 : interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled 0 0 Fig. 3.5.41 Structure of Interrupt control register 2 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-61 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Serial I/O3 control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O3 control register (SIO3CON: address 0EEC16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 Internal synchronous b2b1b0 clock selection bits 000: f(XIN)/4 or f(XCIN)/8 001: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 010: f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/32 1 011: f(XIN)/32 or f(XCIN)/64 110: f(XIN)/64 or f(XCIN)/128 2 111: f(XIN)/128 or f(XCIN)/256 3 Serial I/O3 port selection bit (P91, P92) 4 5 6 7 0: I/O port 1: SOUT3, SCLK3 signal output 0: I/O port SRDY3 output 1: SRDY3 signal output selection bit (P93) 0: LSB first Transfer direction 1: MSB first selection bit Synchronous clock 0: External clock selection bit 1: Internal clock P91/SOUT3 0: CMOS output (in output P-channel output mode) disable bit (P91) 1: N-channel open drain output (in output mode) 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.42 Structure of Serial I/O3 control register Serial I/O3 register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Serial I/O3 register (SIO3: address 0EED16) b 0 1 2 3 4 •In automatic transfer serial I/O mode: 5 Transfer counter 6 7 Functions This is the I/O •In 8-bit serialbuffer register which is used to write transmit data or to read receive data. mode: When selecting an internal clock, the serial Serial I/O1 register transfer is started by writing this register. At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Fig. 3.5.43 Structure of Serial I/O3 register 3-62 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Watchdog timer control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON: address 0EEE16) b Name Functions At reset R W 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Watchdog timer H 1 (high-order 6 bits of reading exclusive) 2 3 4 5 6 STP instruction 0: STP instruction enabled disable bit 1: STP instruction disabled 7 Watchdog timer H 0: Watchdog timer L count source underflow selection bit 1: f(XIN)/8 or f(XCIN)/16 Fig. 3.5.44 Structure of Watchdog timer control register Pull-up control register 3 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Pull-up control register 3 (PULL3: address 0EEF16) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name Ports PA0, PA1 pull-up control Ports PA2, PA3 pull-up control Ports PA4, PA5 pull-up control Ports PA6, PA7 pull-up control Ports PB0, PB1 pull-up control Ports PB2, PB3 pull-up control Ports PB4, PB5 pull-up control Ports PB6 pull-up control Functions 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Note: The pin set to output port is cut off from pull-up control. Fig. 3.5.45 Structure of Pull-up control register 3 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-63 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Pull-up control register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Pull-up control register 1 (PULL1: address 0EF016) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0: No pull-up 0 Ports P64, P65 1: Pull-up pull-up control 0: No pull-up 1 Ports P66, P67 1: Pull-up pull-up control 0: No pull-up 2 Ports P70, P71 1: Pull-up pull-up control 0: No pull-up 3 Ports P72, P73 pull-up control 1: Pull-up 0: No pull-up 4 Ports P74, P75 pull-up control 1: Pull-up Ports P76, P77 0: No pull-up 5 pull-up control 1: Pull-up 6 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are write disabled bits. When these bits are read 7 out, the contents are “0”. Note: The pin set to output port is cut off from pull-up control. Fig. 3.5.46 Structure of Pull-up control register 1 Pull-up control register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Pull-up control register 2 (PULL2: address 0EF116) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 0 Ports P80, P81 pull- 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up up control 1 Ports P82, P83 pull- 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up up control 2 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 3 Ports P90, P91 pull- 0: No pull-up up control 1: Pull-up 4 Ports P92, P93 pull- 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up up control 5 Ports P94, P95 pull- 0: No pull-up 1: Pull-up up control 6 Ports P96, P97 pull- 0: No pull-up up control 1: Pull-up 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 0 0 Note: The pin set to output port is cut off from pull-up control. Fig. 3.5.47 Structure of Pull-up control register 2 3-64 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Port P0 digit output set switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P0 digit output set switch register (P0DOR: address 0EF216) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name Port P00 FLD/Digit switch bit Port P01 FLD/Digit switch bit Port P02 FLD/Digit switch bit Port P03 FLD/Digit switch bit Port P04 FLD/Digit switch bit Port P05 FLD/Digit switch bit Port P06 FLD/Digit switch bit Port P07 FLD/Digit switch bit Functions 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.48 Structure of Port P0 digit output set switch register Port P2 digit output set switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P2 digit output set switch register (P2DOR: address 0EF316) b Name Functions 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output 0: FLD output 1: Digit output At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port P20 FLD/Digit switch bit 1 Port P21 FLD/Digit switch bit 2 Port P22 FLD/Digit switch bit 3 Port P23 FLD/Digit switch bit 4 Port P24 FLD/Digit switch bit 5 Port P25 FLD/Digit switch bit 6 Port P26 FLD/Digit switch bit Port P27 FLD/Digit 7 switch bit Fig. 3.5.49 Structure of Port P2 digit output set switch register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-65 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers FLDC mode register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 FLDC mode register (FLDM: address 0EF416) b Name Functions 0 : General-purpose mode 1 : Automatic display mode 0 : Display stopped 1 : Display in progress (display starts by writing “1”) b3 b2 At reset R W 0 0 Automatic display control bit 1 Display start bit 0 2 Tscan control bits 0 3 0 0 : FLD digit interrupt (at rising edge of each digit) 0 1 : 1 ✕ Tdisp 1 0 : 2 ✕ Tdisp 1 1 : 3 ✕ Tdisp FLD blanking interrupt (at falling edge of last digit) 0 : 16 timing mode 1 : 32 timing mode (Note 2) 0 : Not selected 1 : Selected (Notes 1, 2) 0 : f(XIN)/16 1 : f(XIN)/64 0 : Drivability strong 1 : Drivability weak 0 4 Timing number control bit 5 Gradation display mode selection control bit 6 Tdisp counter count source selection bit 7 High-breakdown voltage port drivability selection bit 0 0 0 0 Notes 1: When the gradation display mode is selected, the number of timing is max. 16 timing. (Set “0” to the timing number control bit (b4).) 2: When switching the timing number control bit (b4) or the gradation display mode selection control bit (b5), set “0” to the display start bit (b1) (display stop state) before that. Fig. 3.5.50 Structure of FLDC mode register 3-66 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Tdisp time set register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Tdisp time set register (TDISP: address 0EF516) b 0 Functions •Set the Tdisp time. •When a value n is written to this register, Tdisp time is expressed as Tdisp = (n + 1) ✕ count source. •When reading this register, the value in the counter is read out. (Example) When the following condition is satisfied, Tdisp becomes 804 µs {(200 + 1) ✕ 4 µs}; •f(XIN) = 4 MHz •bit 6 of FLDC mode register = 0 (f(XIN)/16 is selected as Tdisp counter count source. ) •Tdisp time set register = 200 (C816). At reset R W 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 Fig. 3.5.51 Structure of Tdisp time set register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-67 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Toff1 time set register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Toff1 time set register (TOFF1: address 0EF616) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Functions •Set the Toff1 time. •When a value n1 is written to this register, Toff1 time is expressed as Toff1 = n1 ✕ count source. (Example) When the following condition is satisfied, Toff1 becomes 120 µs (= 30 ✕ 4 µs); •f(XIN) = 4 MHz •bit 6 of FLDC mode register = 0 (f(XIN)/16 is selected as Tdisp counter count source.) •Toff1 time set register = 30 (1E16). At reset R W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Note: Set value of 0316 or more. Fig. 3.5.52 Structure of Toff1 time set register Toff2 time set register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Toff2 time set register (TOFF2: address 0EF716) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Functions •Set the Toff2 time. •When a value n2 is written to this register, Toff2 time is expressed as Toff2 = n2 ✕ count source. However, setting of Toff2 time is valid only for the FLD port which is satisfied the following; •gradation display mode •value of FLD automatic display RAM (in gradation display mode) = “1” (dark display). (Example) When the following condition is satisfied, Toff2 becomes 720 µs (= 180 ✕ 4 µs); •f(XIN) = 4 MHz •bit 6 of FLDC mode register = 0 (f(XIN)/16 is selected as Tdisp counter count source.) •Toff2 time set register = 180 (B416). At reset R W 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Note: When the Toff2 control bit (b7) of the port P8FLD output control register (address 0EFC16) is set to “1”, set value of 0316 or more to the Toff2 control register. Fig. 3.5.53 Structure of Toff2 time set register 3-68 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers FLD data pointer/FLD data pointer reload register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 FLD data pointer/FLD data pointer reload register (FLDDP: address 0EF816) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Functions The start address of each data of FLD ports P6, P5, P4, P3, P1, P0, and P2, which is transferred from FLD automatic display RAM, is set to this register. The start address becomes the address adding the value set to this register into the last data address of each FLD port. Set a value of (timing number – 1) to this register. At reset R W Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined The value which is set to this address is written to the FLD data pointer reload register. Undefined When reading data from this address, the value in the FLD data pointer is read. Undefined When bits 5 to 7 of this register is read, “0” is always read. Undefined Fig. 3.5.54 Structure of FLD data pointer/FLD data pointer reload register Port P4FLD/port switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P4FLD/port switch register (P4FPR: address 0EF916) b Name Functions 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port P40 FLD/port switch bit 1 Port P41 FLD/port switch bit 2 Port P42 FLD/port switch bit 3 Port P43 FLD/port switch bit 4 Port P44 FLD/port switch bit 5 Port P45 FLD/port switch bit 6 Port P46 FLD/port switch bit 7 Port P47 FLD/port switch bit Fig. 3.5.55 Structure of Port P4FLD/port switch register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-69 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Port P5FLD/port switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P5FLD/port switch register (P5FPR: address 0EFA16) b 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Name Port P50 FLD/port switch bit Port P51 FLD/port switch bit Port P52 FLD/port switch bit Port P53 FLD/port switch bit Port P54 FLD/port switch bit Port P55 FLD/port switch bit Port P56 FLD/port switch bit Port P57 FLD/port switch bit Functions 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.56 Structure of Port P5FLD/port switch register Port P6FLD/port switch register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Port P6FLD/port switch register (P6FPR: address 0EFB16) b Name Functions 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port 0 : Normal port 1 : FLD port At reset R W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port P60 FLD/port switch bit Port P61 FLD/port 1 switch bit 2 Port P62 FLD/port switch bit 3 Port P63 FLD/port switch bit 4 Port P64 FLD/port switch bit 5 Port P65 FLD/port switch bit 6 Port P66 FLD/port switch bit 7 Port P67 FLD/port switch bit Fig. 3.5.57 Structure of Port P6FLD/port switch register 3-70 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers FLD output control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 FLD output control register (FLDCON : address 0EFC16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 0 : Output normally 0 P64–P67 FLD 1 : Reverse output output reverse bit 1 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 : Operating normally 2 P64–P67 Toff 1 : Toff invalid invalid bit 3 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 4 P73 dimmer output 0 : Ordinary port control bit 1 : Dimmer output 5 Generating/Not of 0 : Toff section not generated CMOS port Toff section selection bit 1 : Toff section generated 6 Generating/Not of 0 : Toff section not high-breakdown generated 1 : Toff section generated voltage port Toff section selection bit 7 Toff2 SET/RESET 0 : Toff2 RESET; Toff1 SET switch bit 1 : Toff2 SET; Tdisp RESET 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.58 Structure of FLD output control register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-71 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Buzzer output control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Buzzer output control register (BUZCON: address 0EFD16) b Name b1b0 Functions 0 0: 1 kHz (f(XIN)/4096) 0 1: 2 kHz (f(XIN)/2048) 1 0: 4 kHz (f(XIN)/1024) 1 1: Not available b3b2 At reset R W 0 0 0 Output frequency selection bits 1 2 Output port selection bits 3 0 0: P77 and P97 function as ordinary ports. 0 1: P77/BUZ01 functions as a buzzer output. 1 0: P97/BUZ02/AN15 functions as a buzzer output. 1 1: Not available 0 0 4 Buzzer output ON/OFF bit 0: Buzzer output OFF (“0” output) 1: Buzzer output ON 5 Nothing is arranged for these bits. These are 6 write disabled bits. When these bits are read 7 out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 0 Fig. 3.5.59 Structure of Buzzer output control register 3-72 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Flash memory control register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 0 Flash memory control register (FCON: address 0EFE16) b Name Functions At reset R W 0 0 CPU reprogramming 0: CPU reprogramming mod is invalid. (Normal mode select bit operation mode) (Note) 1: When applying 0 V or VPPL to CNVSS/VPP pin, CPU reprogramming mode is invalid. When applying VPPH to CNVSS/VPP pin, CPU reprogramming mode is valid. 1 Erase/Program busy flag 0: Erase and program are completed or not have been executed. 1: Erase/program is being executed. 0 2 CPU reprogramming 0: CPU reprogramming mode is invalid. mode monitor flag 1: CPU reprogramming mode is valid. 3 Fix this bit to “0”. 4 Erase/Program area b5 b4 0 0: Addresses 100016 to select bits FFFF16 (total 60 Kbytes) 0 1: Addresses 100016 to 7FFF16 (total 28 Kbytes) 5 1 0: Addresses 800016 to FFFF16 (total 32 Kbytes) 1 1: Not available 6 Fix this bit to “0”. 7 Nothing is arranged for this bit. This is a write disabled bit. When this bit is read out, the contents are “0”. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Note: Bit 0 can be reprogrammed only when 0 V is applied to the CNVSS/VPP pin. Fig. 3.5.60 Structure of Flash memory control register 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-73 APPENDIX 3.5 Control registers Flash command register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Flash command register (FCMD: address 0EFF16) b Functions At reset R W 0 0 Writing of software command 1 0 “0016” 0 2 •Read command “4016” 0 3 •Program command 4 •Program verify command “C016” 0 •Erase command “2016” + “2016” 5 •Erase verify command 0 “A016” 6 •Reset command 0 “FF16” + “FF16” 7 0 Note: The flash command register is write exclusive register. Fig. 3.5.61 Structure of Flash command register 3-74 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.6 Package outline 3.6 Package outline 100P6S-A MMP JEDEC Code – HD D Weight(g) 1.58 Lead Material Alloy 42 Plastic 100pin 14✕20mm body QFP MD EIAJ Package Code QFP100-P-1420-0.65 e 1 80 b2 100 81 I2 Recommended Mount Pad Symbol Dimension in Millimeters Min Nom Max 3.05 – – 0.1 0.2 0 2.8 – – 0.25 0.3 0.4 0.13 0.15 0.2 13.8 14.0 14.2 19.8 20.0 20.2 0.65 – – 16.5 16.8 17.1 22.5 22.8 23.1 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.4 – – – – 0.13 0.1 – – 0° 10° – – – 0.35 1.3 – – 14.6 – – 20.6 – – HE E 30 51 31 50 A L1 A A1 A2 b c D E e HD HE L L1 x y b2 I2 MD ME A2 F b A1 e y x M Detail F 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual c L ME 3-75 APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions 3.7 Machine instructions Addressing mode Symbol Function Details IMP OP n ADC (Note 1) (Note 5) When T = 0 A←A+M+C When T = 1 M(X) ← M(X) + M + C When T = 0, this instruction adds the contents M, C, and A; and stores the results in A and C. When T = 1, this instruction adds the contents of M(X), M and C; and stores the results in M(X) and C. When T=1, the contents of A remain unchanged, but the contents of status flags are changed. M(X) represents the contents of memory where is indicated by X. When T = 0, this instruction transfers the contents of A and M to the ALU which performs a bit-wise AND operation and stores the result back in A. When T = 1, this instruction transfers the contents M(X) and M to the ALU which performs a bit-wise AND operation and stores the results back in M(X). When T = 1, the contents of A remain unchanged, but status flags are changed. M(X) represents the contents of memory where is indicated by X. This instruction shifts the content of A or M by one bit to the left, with bit 0 always being set to 0 and bit 7 of A or M always being contained in C. This instruction tests the designated bit i of M or A and takes a branch if the bit is 0. The branch address is specified by a relative address. If the bit is 1, next instruction is executed. This instruction tests the designated bit i of the M or A and takes a branch if the bit is 1. The branch address is specified by a relative address. If the bit is 0, next instruction is executed. This instruction takes a branch to the appointed address if C is 0. The branch address is specified by a relative address. If C is 1, the next instruction is executed. This instruction takes a branch to the appointed address if C is 1. The branch address is specified by a relative address. If C is 0, the next instruction is executed. This instruction takes a branch to the appointed address when Z is 1. The branch address is specified by a relative address. If Z is 0, the next instruction is executed. This instruction takes a bit-wise logical AND of A and M contents; however, the contents of A and M are not modified. The contents of N, V, Z are changed, but the contents of A, M remain unchanged. This instruction takes a branch to the appointed address when N is 1. The branch address is specified by a relative address. If N is 0, the next instruction is executed. This instruction takes a branch to the appointed address if Z is 0. The branch address is specified by a relative address. If Z is 1, the next instruction is executed. 24 3 2 IMM # OP n 69 2 A # OP n 2 BIT, A BIT, A, R # OP n ZP BIT, ZP BIT, ZP, R # OP n 2 # # OP n 65 3 ASL C← 7 0 ←0 BBC (Note 4) Ai or Mi = 0? BBS (Note 4) Ai or Mi = 1? BCC (Note 4) C = 0? BCS (Note 4) C = 1? BEQ (Note 4) Z = 1? BIT A M BMI (Note 4) N = 1? BNE (Note 4) Z = 0? 3-76 V When T = 1 M(X) ← M(X) V AND (Note 1) When T = 0 A←A M M 29 2 2 25 3 2 0A 2 1 06 5 2 13 4 + 20i 2 17 5 + 20i 3 03 4 + 20i 2 07 5 + 20i 3 V 38B7 Group User’s Manual APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions Addressing mode ZP, X OP n 75 4 ZP, Y # OP n 2 ABS # OP n 6D 4 ABS, X # OP n 3 7D 5 ABS, Y IND ZP, IND # OP n IND, X IND, Y REL SP # OP n # 7 Processor status register 6 5 T • 4 B • 3 D • 2 I • 1 Z Z 0 C C # OP n 3 79 5 # OP n 3 # OP n 61 6 # OP n 2 71 6 # OP n 2 NV NV 35 4 2 2D 4 3 3D 5 3 39 5 3 21 6 2 31 6 2 N • • • • • Z • 16 6 2 0E 6 3 1E 7 3 N • • • • • Z C • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 90 2 2 • • • • • • • • B0 2 2 • • • • • • • • F0 2 2 • • • • • • • • 2C 4 3 M7 M6 • • • • Z • 30 2 2 • • • • • • • • D0 2 2 • • • • • • • • 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-77 APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions Addressing mode Symbol Function Details IMP OP n BPL (Note 4) N = 0? This instruction takes a branch to the appointed address if N is 0. The branch address is specified by a relative address. If N is 1, the next instruction is executed. This instruction branches to the appointed address. The branch address is specified by a relative address. When the BRK instruction is executed, the CPU pushes the current PC contents onto the stack. The BADRS designated in the interrupt vector table is stored into the PC. 00 7 1 IMM # OP n A # OP n BIT, A # OP n ZP # OP n BIT, ZP # OP n # BRA PC ← PC ± offset BRK B←1 (PC) ← (PC) + 2 M(S) ← PCH S←S–1 M(S) ← PCL S←S–1 M(S) ← PS S←S–1 I← 1 PCL ← ADL PCH ← ADH V = 0? BVC (Note 4) This instruction takes a branch to the appointed address if V is 0. The branch address is specified by a relative address. If V is 1, the next instruction is executed. This instruction takes a branch to the appointed address when V is 1. The branch address is specified by a relative address. When V is 0, the next instruction is executed. This instruction clears the designated bit i of A or M. This instruction clears C. 18 2 1 1B 2 + 20i 1 1F 5 + 20i 2 BVS (Note 4) V = 1? CLB Ai or Mi ← 0 C←0 D←0 I←0 T←0 V←0 When T = 0 A–M When T = 1 M(X) – M CLC CLD This instruction clears D. D8 2 1 CLI This instruction clears I. 58 2 1 CLT This instruction clears T. 12 2 1 CLV This instruction clears V. B8 2 1 CMP (Note 3) When T = 0, this instruction subtracts the contents of M from the contents of A. The result is not stored and the contents of A or M are not modified. When T = 1, the CMP subtracts the contents of M from the contents of M(X). The result is not stored and the contents of X, M, and A are not modified. M(X) represents the contents of memory where is indicated by X. This instruction takes the one’s complement of the contents of M and stores the result in M. This instruction subtracts the contents of M from the contents of X. The result is not stored and the contents of X and M are not modified. This instruction subtracts the contents of M from the contents of Y. The result is not stored and the contents of Y and M are not modified. This instruction subtracts 1 from the contents of A or M. C9 2 2 C5 3 2 COM M←M X–M __ 44 5 2 CPX E0 2 2 E4 3 2 CPY Y–M C0 2 2 C4 3 2 DEC A ← A – 1 or M←M–1 1A 2 1 C6 5 2 3-78 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions Addressing mode ZP, X OP n ZP, Y # OP n ABS # OP n ABS, X # OP n ABS, Y IND ZP, IND # OP n IND, X IND, Y REL SP # OP n 2 # 7 Processor status register 6 5 T • 4 B • 3 D • 2 I • 1 Z • 0 C • # OP n # OP n # OP n # OP n # OP n 10 2 NV • • 80 4 2 • • • • • • • • • • • 1 • 1 • • 50 2 2 • • • • • • • • 70 2 2 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 0 • • • • 0 • • • • • • • • 0 • • • • 0 • • • • • • D5 4 2 CD 4 3 DD 5 3 D9 5 3 C1 6 2 D1 6 2 0 • • • • • • N • • • • • Z C N EC 4 3 • • • • • Z • N • • • • • Z C CC 4 3 N • • • • • Z C D6 6 2 CE 6 3 DE 7 3 N • • • • • Z • 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-79 APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions Addressing mode Symbol Function Details IMP OP n DEX X←X–1 Y←Y–1 A ← (M(zz + X + 1), M(zz + X )) / A M(S) ← one's complement of Remainder S←S–1 When T = 0 – A←AVM When T = 1 – M(X) ← M(X) V M This instruction subtracts one from the current CA 2 contents of X. This instruction subtracts one from the current contents of Y. This instruction divides the 16-bit data in M(zz+(X)) (low-order byte) and M(zz+(X)+1) (high-order byte) by the contents of A. The quotient is stored in A and the one's complement of the remainder is pushed onto the stack. When T = 0, this instruction transfers the contents of the M and A to the ALU which performs a bit-wise Exclusive OR, and stores the result in A. When T = 1, the contents of M(X) and M are transferred to the ALU, which performs a bitwise Exclusive OR and stores the results in M(X). The contents of A remain unchanged, but status flags are changed. M(X) represents the contents of memory where is indicated by X. This instruction adds one to the contents of A or M. This instruction adds one to the contents of X. E8 2 1 49 2 2 45 3 2 88 2 IMM # OP n 1 A # OP n BIT, A # OP n ZP # OP n BIT, ZP # OP n # DEY 1 DIV EOR (Note 1) INC A ← A + 1 or M←M+1 X←X+1 Y←Y+1 If addressing mode is ABS PCL ← ADL PCH ← ADH If addressing mode is IND PCL ← M (AD H, ADL) PCH ← M (ADH, AD L + 1) If addressing mode is ZP, IND PCL ← M(00, AD L) PCH ← M(00, AD L + 1) M(S) ← PCH S←S–1 M(S) ← PCL S←S–1 After executing the above, if addressing mode is ABS, PCL ← ADL PCH ← ADH if addressing mode is SP, PCL ← ADL PCH ← FF If addressing mode is ZP, IND, PCL ← M(00, AD L) PCH ← M(00, AD L + 1) When T = 0 A←M When T = 1 M(X) ← M 3A 2 1 E6 5 2 INX INY JMP This instruction adds one to the contents of Y. This instruction jumps to the address designated by the following three addressing modes: Absolute Indirect Absolute Zero Page Indirect Absolute C8 2 1 JSR This instruction stores the contents of the PC in the stack, then jumps to the address designated by the following addressing modes: Absolute Special Page Zero Page Indirect Absolute LDA (Note 2) When T = 0, this instruction transfers the contents of M to A. When T = 1, this instruction transfers the contents of M to (M(X)). The contents of A remain unchanged, but status flags are changed. M(X) represents the contents of memory where is indicated by X. This instruction loads the immediate value in M. This instruction loads the contents of M in X. This instruction loads the contents of M in Y. A9 2 2 A5 3 2 LDM M ← nn X←M Y←M 3C 4 3 LDX LDY A2 2 A0 2 2 2 A6 3 A4 3 2 2 3-80 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions Addressing mode ZP, X OP n ZP, Y # OP n ABS # OP n ABS, X # OP n ABS, Y IND ZP, IND # OP n IND, X IND, Y REL SP # OP n # 7 Processor status register 6 5 T • 4 B • 3 D • 2 I • 1 Z Z 0 C • # OP n # OP n # OP n # OP n # OP n NV N • N • • • • • Z • E2 16 2 • • • • • • • • 55 4 2 4D 4 3 5D 5 3 59 5 3 41 6 2 51 6 2 N • • • • • Z • F6 6 2 EE 6 3 FE 7 3 N • • • • • Z • N • • • • • Z • N 4C 3 3 6C 5 3 B2 4 2 • • • • • • • • • • • Z • • • 20 6 3 02 7 2 22 5 2 • • • • • • • • B5 4 2 AD 4 3 BD 5 3 B9 5 3 A1 6 2 B1 6 2 N • • • • • Z • • • • • • • • • B6 4 B4 4 2 2 AE 4 AC 4 3 3 BC 5 3 BE 5 3 N N • • • • • • • • • • Z Z • • 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-81 APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions Addressing mode Symbol Function Details IMP OP n LSR 7 0→ 0 →C This instruction shifts either A or M one bit to the right such that bit 7 of the result always is set to 0, and the bit 0 is stored in C. This instruction multiply Accumulator with the memory specified by the Zero Page X address mode and stores the high-order byte of the result on the Stack and the low-order byte in A. This instruction adds one to the PC but does EA 2 no otheroperation. When T = 0, this instruction transfers the contents of A and M to the ALU which performs a bit-wise “OR”, and stores the result in A. When T = 1, this instruction transfers the contents of M(X) and the M to the ALU which performs a bit-wise OR, and stores the result in M(X). The contents of A remain unchanged, but status flags are changed. M(X) represents the contents of memory where is indicated by X. This instruction pushes the contents of A to the memory location designated by S, and decrements the contents of S by one. This instruction pushes the contents of PS to the memory location designated by S and decrements the contents of S by one. This instruction increments S by one and stores the contents of the memory designated by S in A. This instruction increments S by one and stores the contents of the memory location designated by S in PS. This instruction shifts either A or M one bit left through C. C is stored in bit 0 and bit 7 is stored in C. 48 3 1 1 09 2 2 IMM # OP n A # OP n 4A 2 BIT, A # OP n 1 ZP # OP n 46 5 BIT, ZP # OP n 2 # MUL M(S) • A ← A ✽ M(zz + X) S←S–1 NOP PC ← PC + 1 When T = 0 A←AVM When T = 1 M(X) ← M(X) V M ORA (Note 1) 05 3 2 PHA M(S) ← A S←S–1 PHP M(S) ← PS S←S–1 S←S+1 A ← M(S) S←S+1 PS ← M(S) 08 3 1 PLA 68 4 1 PLP 28 4 1 ROL 7 ← 0 ←C ← 2A 2 1 26 5 2 ROR 7 C→ 0 → This instruction shifts either A or M one bit right through C. C is stored in bit 7 and bit 0 is stored in C. 6A 2 1 66 5 2 RRF 7 → 0 → This instruction rotates 4 bits of the M content to the right. 82 8 2 RTI S←S+1 PS ← M(S) S←S+1 PCL ← M(S) S←S+1 PCH ← M(S) S←S+1 PCL ← M(S) S←S+1 PCH ← M(S) (PC) ← (PC) + 1 This instruction increments S by one, and stores the contents of the memory location designated by S in PS. S is again incremented by one and stores the contents of the memory location designated by S in PCL . S is again incremented by one and stores the contents of memory location designated by S in PCH. This instruction increments S by one and stores the contents of the memory location designated by S in PCL. S is again incremented by one and the contents of the memory location is stored in PC H . PC is incremented by 1. 40 6 1 RTS 60 6 1 3-82 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions Addressing mode ZP, X OP n 56 6 ZP, Y # OP n 2 ABS # OP n 4E 6 ABS, X # OP n 3 5E 7 ABS, Y IND ZP, IND # OP n IND, X IND, Y REL SP # OP n # 7 Processor status register 6 5 T • 4 B • 3 D • 2 I • 1 Z Z 0 C C # OP n 3 # OP n # OP n # OP n # OP n NV 0 • 62 15 2 • • • • • • • • • 01 6 2 11 6 2 • • • • • • • 15 4 2 0D 4 3 1D 5 3 19 5 3 N • • • • • Z • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • N • • • • • Z • (Value saved in stack) 36 6 2 2E 6 3 3E 7 3 N • • • • • Z C 76 6 2 6E 6 3 7E 7 3 N • • • • • Z C • • • • • • • • (Value saved in stack) • • • • • • • • 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-83 APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions Addressing mode Symbol Function Details IMP OP n SBC (Note 1) (Note 5) When T = 0 _ A←A–M–C When T = 1 _ M(X) ← M(X) – M – C When T = 0, this instruction subtracts the value of M and the complement of C from A, and stores the results in A and C. When T = 1, the instruction subtracts the contents of M and the complement of C from the contents of M(X), and stores the results in M(X) and C. A remain unchanged, but status flag are changed. M(X) represents the contents of memory where is indicated by X. This instruction sets the designated bit i of A or M. This instruction sets C. 38 2 1 IMM # OP n E9 2 A # OP n 2 BIT, A # OP n ZP # OP n E5 3 BIT, ZP # OP n 2 # SEB Ai or Mi ← 1 C←1 D←1 I←1 T←1 M←A 0B 2 + 20i 1 0F 5 + 20i 2 SEC SED This instruction set D. F8 2 1 SEI This instruction set I. 78 2 1 SET This instruction set T. 32 2 1 85 4 2 STA This instruction stores the contents of A in M. The contents of A does not change. This instruction resets the oscillation control F/ F and the oscillation stops. Reset or interrupt input is needed to wake up from this mode. 42 2 1 STP STX M←X M←Y X←A Y←A M = 0? X←S A←X S←X A←Y This instruction stores the contents of X in M. The contents of X does not change. This instruction stores the contents of Y in M. The contents of Y does not change. This instruction stores the contents of A in X. The contents of A does not change. This instruction stores the contents of A in Y. The contents of A does not change. This instruction tests whether the contents of M are “0” or not and modifies the N and Z. This instruction transfers the contents of S in X. This instruction stores the contents of X in A. BA 2 1 AA 2 1 86 4 2 STY 84 4 2 TAX TAY A8 2 1 TST 64 3 2 TSX TXA 8A 2 1 TXS This instruction stores the contents of X in S. 9A 2 1 TYA This instruction stores the contents of Y in A. 98 2 1 WIT The WIT instruction stops the internal clock C2 2 but not the oscillation of the oscillation circuit is not stopped. CPU starts its function after the Timer X over flows (comes to the terminal count). All registers or internal memory contents except Timer X will not change during this mode. (Of course needs VDD). 1 Notes 1 2 3 4 5 : : : : : The number of cycles “n” is increased by 3 when T is 1. The number of cycles “n” is increased by 2 when T is 1. The number of cycles “n” is increased by 1 when T is 1. The number of cycles “n” is increased by 2 when branching has occurred. N, V, and Z flags are invalid in decimal operation mode. 3-84 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions Addressing mode ZP, X OP n F5 4 ZP, Y # OP n 2 ABS # OP n ED 4 ABS, X # OP n 3 FD 5 ABS, Y IND ZP, IND # OP n IND, X IND, Y REL SP # OP n # 7 Processor status register 6 5 T • 4 B • 3 D • 2 I • 1 Z Z 0 C C # OP n 3 F9 5 # OP n 3 # OP n E1 6 # OP n 2 F1 6 # OP n 2 NV NV • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 • • • • 1 • • • • • • • • 1 • • • • 1 • • • • • 95 5 2 8D 5 3 9D 6 3 99 6 3 81 7 2 91 7 2 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 96 5 2 8E 5 3 • • • • • • • • 94 5 2 8C 5 3 • • • • • • • • N • • • • • Z • N • • • • • Z • N • • • • • Z • N • • • • • Z • N • • • • • Z • • • • • • • • • N • • • • • Z • • • • • • • • • 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-85 APPENDIX 3.7 Machine instructions Symbol IMP IMM A BIT, A BIT, A, R ZP BIT, ZP BIT, ZP, R ZP, X ZP, Y ABS ABS, X ABS, Y IND ZP, IND IND, X IND, Y REL SP C Z I D B T V N Contents Implied addressing mode Immediate addressing mode Accumulator or Accumulator addressing mode Accumulator bit addressing mode Accumulator bit relative addressing mode Zero page addressing mode Zero page bit addressing mode Zero page bit relative addressing mode Zero page X addressing mode Zero page Y addressing mode Absolute addressing mode Absolute X addressing mode Absolute Y addressing mode Indirect absolute addressing mode Zero page indirect absolute addressing mode Indirect X addressing mode Indirect Y addressing mode Relative addressing mode Special page addressing mode Carry flag Zero flag Interrupt disable flag Decimal mode flag Break flag X-modified arithmetic mode flag Overflow flag Negative flag + – ✽ / V V – V – ← X Y S PC PS PCH PCL ADH ADL FF nn zz M Symbol Contents Addition Subtraction Multiplication Division Logical OR Logical AND Logical exclusive OR Negation Shows direction of data flow Index register X Index register Y Stack pointer Program counter Processor status register 8 high-order bits of program counter 8 low-order bits of program counter 8 high-order bits of address 8 low-order bits of address FF in Hexadecimal notation Immediate value Zero page address Memory specified by address designation of any addressing mode Memory of address indicated by contents of index register X Memory of address indicated by contents of stack pointer Contents of memory at address indicated by ADH and ADL, in AD H is 8 high-order bits and ADL is 8 low-order bits. Contents of address indicated by zero page ADL Bit i (i = 0 to 7) of accumulator Bit i (i = 0 to 7) of memory Opcode Number of cycles Number of bytes M(X) M(S) M(AD H, ADL) M(00, AD L) Ai Mi OP n # 3-86 38B5 Group User's Manual APPENDIX 3.8 List of instruction code 3.8 List of instruction code D3 – D0 Hexadecimal notation 0 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111 D7 – D 4 0 1 2 3 BBS 0, A BBC 0, A BBS 1, A BBC 1, A BBS 2, A BBC 2, A BBS 3, A BBC 3, A BBS 4, A BBC 4, A BBS 5, A 4 5 ORA ZP ORA ZP, X AND ZP AND ZP, X EOR ZP EOR ZP, X ADC ZP ADC ZP, X STA ZP STA ZP, X LDA ZP LDA ZP, X CMP ZP CMP ZP, X SBC ZP SBC ZP, X 6 ASL ZP ASL ZP, X ROL ZP ROL ZP, X LSR ZP LSR ZP, X ROR ZP ROR ZP, X STX ZP STX ZP, Y LDX ZP LDX ZP, Y DEC ZP DEC ZP, X INC ZP INC ZP, X 7 BBS 0, ZP BBC 0, ZP BBS 1, ZP BBC 1, ZP BBS 2, ZP BBC 2, ZP BBS 3, ZP BBC 3, ZP BBS 4, ZP BBC 4, ZP BBS 5, ZP BBC 5, ZP BBS 6, ZP BBC 6, ZP BBS 7, ZP BBC 7, ZP 8 9 ORA IMM A ASL A B SEB 0, A CLB 0, A SEB 1, A CLB 1, A SEB 2, A CLB 2, A SEB 3, A CLB 3, A SEB 4, A CLB 4, A SEB 5, A CLB 5, A SEB 6, A CLB 6, A SEB 7, A CLB 7, A C D ORA ABS E ASL ABS F SEB 0, ZP 0000 BRK ORA JSR IND, X ZP, IND ORA IND, Y AND IND, X AND IND, Y EOR IND, X EOR IND, Y CLT JSR SP SET — PHP — 0001 1 BPL JSR ABS BMI — BIT ZP — COM ZP — TST ZP — STY ZP STY ZP, X LDY ZP LDY ZP, X CPY ZP — CPX ZP — CLC ORA DEC ABS, Y A AND IMM AND ABS, Y EOR IMM EOR ABS, Y ADC IMM ADC ABS, Y — STA ABS, Y LDA IMM LDA ABS, Y CMP IMM CMP ABS, Y SBC IMM SBC ABS, Y ROL A INC A LSR A — ROR A — — BIT ABS ASL CLB ORA ABS, X ABS, X 0, ZP AND ABS ROL ABS SEB 1, ZP 0010 2 PLP 0011 3 SEC ROL CLB LDM AND ZP ABS, X ABS, X 1, ZP JMP ABS — JMP IND — STY ABS — LDY ABS EOR ABS LSR ABS SEB 2, ZP 0100 4 RTI STP PHA 0101 5 BVC — CLI LSR CLB EOR ABS, X ABS, X 2, ZP ADC ABS ROR ABS SEB 3, ZP 0110 6 RTS MUL ADC IND, X ZP, X ADC IND, Y STA IND, X STA IND, Y LDA IND, X — RRF ZP — LDX IMM PLA 0111 7 BVS SEI CLB ADC ROR ABS, X ABS, X 3, ZP STA ABS STA ABS, X LDA ABS STX ABS — LDX ABS SEB 4, ZP CLB 4, ZP SEB 5, ZP 1000 8 BRA DEY TXA 1001 9 BCC LDY IMM BCS CPY IMM BNE CPX IMM BEQ TYA TXS 1010 A TAY TAX 1011 B JMP BBC LDA IND, Y ZP, IND 5, A CMP IND, X CMP IND, Y WIT BBS 6, A BBC 6, A BBS 7, A BBC 7, A CLV TSX LDX CLB LDY LDA ABS, X ABS, X ABS, Y 5, ZP CPY ABS — CPX ABS — CMP ABS DEC ABS SEB 6, ZP 1100 C INY DEX 1101 D — CLD — DEC CLB CMP ABS, X ABS, X 6, ZP SBC ABS INC ABS SEB 7, ZP 1110 E DIV SBC IND, X ZP, X SBC IND, Y — INX NOP 1111 F SED — INC CLB SBC ABS, X ABS, X 7, ZP : 3-byte instruction : 2-byte instruction : 1-byte instruction 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 3-87 APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP 3.9 M35501FP DESCRIPTION The M35501FP generates digit signals for fluorescent display when connected to the output port of a microcomputer. There are up to 16 digit pins available, and more can be added by connecting additional M35501FPs. The number of fluorescent displays can be increased easily by connecting the M35501FP to the CMOS FLD output pins of an 8-bit microcomputer in MITSUBISHI’s 38B7 Group. The M35501FP is suitable for fluorescent display control on household electric appliances, audio products, etc. FEATURES qDigit output ............................................................. 16 (maximum) •Up to 16 pins can be selected •More digits available by connecting additional M35501FPs • Output structure: high-breakdown voltage, P-channel opendrain; built-in pull-down resistor between digit output pins and VEE pin qPower-on reset circuit ........................................................ Built-in qPower source voltage ................................................ 4.0 to 5.5 V qPull-down power source voltage ................................ Vcc – 43 V qOperating temperature range ................................... –20 to 85 °C qPackage ............................................................................. 24P2E qPower dissipation .............. 250 µ W (at 100 kHz operation clock) PIN CONFIGURATION (TOP VIEW) 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 M35501FP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 SEL RESET OVFIN DIG15 DIG14 CLK Outline: 24P2E-A 24-pin plastic-molded SSOP Fig. 3.9.1 Pin configuration of M35501FP 3-88 38B7 Group User’s Manual OVFOUT DIG13 DIG12 DIG11 VSS VCC DIG10 ← → DIG6 DIG0 DIG5 DIG7 DIG2 DIG8 ← → DIG1 DIG3 DIG4 DIG9 ← → VEE → ← ← ← ← ← ← ← ← ← ← → ← → ← → APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIG15 DIG14 DIG13 DIG12 DIG11 DIG10 DIG9 DIG8 DIG7 DIG6 DIG5 DIG4 DIG3 DIG2 DIG1 DIG0 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 VEE OVFOUT 7 OVFIN 6 VCC VSS 3 1 Power-on reset Optional digit counter Shift register RESET 4 5 2 CLK SEL Fig. 3.9.2 Functional block diagram PIN DESCRIPTION Table 3.9.1 Pin description Pin VCC, VSS RESET CLK SEL OVF IN Name Power source input Reset input Clock input Select input Overflow signal input Function Apply 4.0–5.5 V to Vcc, and 0V to Vss. Reset internal shift register (built-in power-on reset circuit). Digit output varies according to rising edge of clock input. Use when specifying the number of digits. Input “H” when using one M35501FP. Connect to OVFOUT pin of additional M35501FPs when using multiple M35501FPs (to use 17 digits or more). Leave open when using one M35501FP. Connect to OVFIN pin of additional M35501FPs when using multiple M35501FPs (to use 17 digits or more). Output the digit output waveform of fluorescent display. Leave open when not in use (VEE level output). Apply voltage to DIG0 –DIG15 pull-down resistors. Output Structure – CMOS input level Built-in pull-up resistor CMOS input level Built-in pull-down resistor CMOS input level Built-in pull-down resistor CMOS input level Fig. No. – 3 2 2 4 OVF OUT Overflow signal output CMOS output 5 DIG15 – DIG0 VEE Digit output Pull-down power source input High-breakdown-voltage P-channel open-drain output Built-in pull-down resistor – 1 – 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-89 APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP PORT BLOCK (1) DIG0–DIG15 (2) SEL, CLK Shift register Pull-down transistor VEE (3) RESET (4) OVFIN Pull-up transistor (5) OVFOUT Shift register Fig. 3.9.3 Port block diagram 3-90 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP USAGE Three usages of the M35501FP are described below. (1) 16-Digit Mode: 16 digits selected The number of digits is set to 16 by fixing the OVF IN pin to “H” and the SEL pin to “L.” Figure 3.9.5 shows the output waveform. (2) Optional Digit Mode: 1-16 digits selectable When the number of CLK pin rising edges during an “H” period of the SEL pin is n and the OVFIN pin is fixed to “H,” the number of digits set is n. If n is 16 or more, all 16 digits are set. Figure 3.9.6 shows the output waveform. SEL pin n CLK pin Fig. 3.9.4 Digit setting (3) Cascade Mode: 17 digits or more selectable 17 digits or more can be used by connecting two M35501FPs or more. Figure 3.9.7 shows an example using three M35501FPs, offering 33 to 48 digit outputs. Cascade mode will not operate if all M35501FPs are in 16-digit mode (SEL = “L”). Use the most significant M35501FP in the optional digit mode for DIG output. Figure 3.9.8 shows the output waveform. 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-91 APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP DIGIT OUTPUT WAVEFORM SEL CLK DIG0 DIG1 DIG2 “L” DIG13 DIG14 DIG15 OVFOUT Fig. 3.9.5 16-digit mode output waveform RESET SEL CLK DIG0 DIG1 DIG2 DIG3 DIG4 DIG15 “L” “L” OVFOUT Fig. 3.9.6 Optional digit mode output waveform 3-92 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP OVFIN(1) RESET CLK RESET CLK SEL OVFOUT(1) OVFIN(2) RESET CLK SEL DIG 30 DIG 31 OVFOUT(2) OVFIN(3) RESET CLK SEL OVFOUT(3) DIG 46 DIG 47 DIG 32 DIG 33 DIG 16 DIG 17 DIG 14 DIG 15 DIG 0 DIG 1 Select signal Fig. 3.9.7 Cascade mode connection example: 17 digits or more selected CLK RESET DIG0 DIG1 DIG2 DIG15 OVFOUT(1) DIG16 DIG17 DIG31 OVFOUT(2) Fig. 3.9.8 Cascade mode output waveform 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-93 APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP The number of fluorescent displays can be increased by connecting the M35501FP to the CMOS FLD output pins on a 38B7 Group microcomputer. Segment (high-breakdown-voltage: 52 pins + CMOS: 4 pins) (1 pin used as CLK.) P27–P20 P07–P00 M38B7X P17–P10 P37–P30 P47–P40 P57–P50 P63–P60 Fluorescent Display (FLD) P64 SEL Digits DIG0–DIG15 M35501 CLK Fig. 3.9.9 Connection example with 38B7 Group microcomputer (1 to 16 digits) This FLD controller can control up to 32 digits using the 32 timing mode of the 38B7 Group microcomputer. Segment (high-breakdown-voltage: 52 pins + CMOS: 4 pins) (1 pin is used as CLK.) P27–P20 P07–P00 P17–P10 M38B7X P37–P30 P47–P40 P57–P50 P63–P60 Fluorescent Display (FLD) P 64 SEL M35501 CLK OVF OUT OVF IN Digits DIG0–DIG15 OVF IN OVF OUT SEL Digits DIG16–DIG31 M35501 CLK Fig. 3.9.10 Connection example with 38B7 Group microcomputer (17 to 32 digits) 3-94 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP RESET CIRCUIT To reset the controller, the RESET pin should be held at “L” for 2 µ s or more. Reset is released when the RESET pin is returned to “H” and the power source voltage is between 4.0 V and 5.5 V. Notes1: Perform the reset release when CLK input signal is “L.” 2: When setting the number of digits by SEL signal, optional digit counter is set to “0” by reset. RESET CLK DIG0 DIG1 DIG2 DIG3 Fig. 3.9.11 Digit output waveform when reset signal is input 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-95 APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP POWER-ON RESET Reset can be performed automatically during power on (power-on reset) by the built-in power-on reset circuit. When using this circuit, set 100 µs or less for the period in which it takes to reach minimum operation guaranteed voltage from reset. If the rising time exceeds 100 µ s, connect the capacitor between the RESET pin and VSS at the shortest distance. Consequently, the RESET pin should be held at “L” until the minimum operation guaranteed voltage is reached. VDD Pull-up transistor Power-on reset circuit output voltage RESET pin Power-on reset circuit Reset state (Note) Internal reset signal Note: This symbol represents a parasitic diode. Applied voltage to the RESET pin must be VDD or less. Power-on Reset released Fig. 3.9.12 Power-on reset circuit 3-96 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP Table 3.9.2 Absolute maximum ratings Symbol VCC VEE VI VI VO VO Pd Topr Tstg Parameter Power source voltage Pull-down power source voltage Input voltage CLK, SEL, OVFIN Input voltage RESET Output voltage DIG0–DIG15 Output voltage OVFOUT Power dissipation Operating temperature Storage temperature Conditions •All voltages are based on VSS. •Output transistors are off. Ratings –0.3 to 7.0 VCC –45 to VCC +0.3 –0.3 to V CC +0.3 –0.3 to V CC +0.3 VCC –45 to VCC +0.3 –0.3 to V CC +0.3 250 –20 to 85 –40 to 125 Unit V V V V V V mW °C °C Ta = 25 °C Table 3.9.3 Recommended operating conditions (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol VCC VSS VEE VIH VIH VIL VIL Parameter Power source voltage Power source voltage Pull-down power source voltage “H” input voltage CLK, SEL, OVFIN “H” input voltage RESET “L” input voltage CLK, SEL, OVFIN “L” input voltage RESET Min. 4.0 VCC –43 0.8V CC 0.8V CC 0 0 Limits Typ. 5.0 0 Max. 5.5 VSS VCC VCC 0.2V CC 0.2V CC Unit V V V V V V V Table 3.9.4 Recommended operating conditions (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol I OH(peak) I OH(peak) I OL(peak) I OH(avg) I OH(avg) I OL(avg) CLK Parameter “H” peak output current DIG0 – DIG15 (Note 1) “H” peak output current OVFOUT (Note 1) “L” peak output current OVFOUT (Note 1) “H” average current DIG0 – DIG15 (Note 2) “H” average current OVFOUT (Note 2) “L” average current OVFOUT (Note 2) Clock input frequency Limits Min. Typ. Max. –36 –10 10 –18 –5.0 5.0 2 Unit mA mA mA mA mA mA MHz Notes 1: The peak output current is the peak current flowing in each port. 2: The average output current is an average value measured over 100 ms. 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual 3-97 APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP Table 3.9.5 Electrical characteristics (V CC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol VOH VOH VOL VT+ — VT– IIH IIH IIL IIL ILOAD Parameter “H” output voltage “H” output voltage “L” output voltage Hysteresis “H” input current “H” input current “L” input current “L” input current Output load current DIG output DIG0–DIG15 OVFOUT OVFOUT CLK, OVFIN RESET OVF IN RESET CLK, SEL OVF IN CLK, SEL RESET DIG0 – DIG15 Test conditions IOH = –18 mA IOH = –10 mA IOL = 10 mA VCC = 5.0 V VI = V CC VI = V CC VCC = 5.0 V VI = V SS VI = V SS VCC = 5.0 V VEE = V CC –43 V VOL = VCC Output transistors are off. VEE = V CC –43 V VOL = VCC –43 V Output transistors are off. 30 70 Min. VCC –2.0 VCC –2.0 2.0 0.4 5.0 140 –5.0 –60 500 –130 650 –185 800 Limits Typ. Max. Unit V V V V µA µA µA µA µA ILEAK Output leakage current DIG0– DIG15 –10 µA ICC Power source VCC = 5.0 V, CLK = 100 kHz Output transistors are off. 50 µA 3-98 38B7 Group User ’ s Manual APPENDIX 3.9 M35501FP Table 3.9.6 Timing requirements (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tw(RESET) tc ( CLK) twH( CLK) twL ( CLK) tsu( SEL) th (SEL ) th (CLK ) Reset input “L” pulse width Clock input cycle time Clock input “H” pulse width Clock input “L” pulse width Select input setup time Select input hold time Clock input setup time Parameter Limits Typ. Max. Unit Min. 2 500 200 200 500 500 500 µs ns ns ns ns ns ns vcc RESET vss 0.2V CC tw(RESET) 0.8V CC tc(CLK) twL(CLK) twH(CLK) 0.8VCC vcc CLK vss 0.2VCC vcc SEL CLK vss vcc vss tsu(SEL) th(SEL) th(CLK) Fig. 3.9.13 Timing diagram 3 8B7 Group User ’ s Manual 3-99 APPENDIX 3.10 SFR memort map 3.10 SFR memory map 000016 000116 000216 000316 000416 000516 000616 000716 000816 000916 000A16 000B16 000C16 000D16 000E16 000F16 001016 001116 001216 001316 001416 001516 001616 001716 001816 001916 001A16 001B16 001C16 001D16 001E16 001F16 0EEC16 0EED16 0EEE16 0EEF16 0EF016 0EF116 0EF216 0EF316 0EF416 0EF516 Port P3 (P3) Port P3 direction register (P3D) Port P4 (P4) Port P4 direction register (P4D) Port P5 (P5) Port P5 direction register (P5D) Port P6 (P6) Port P6 direction register (P6D) Port P7 (P7) Port P7 direction register (P7D) Port P8 (P8) Port P8 direction register (P8D) Port P9 (P9) Port P9 direction register (P9D) Port PA (PA) Port PA direction register (PAD) Port PB (PB) Port PB direction register (PBD) Serial I/O1 automatic transfer data pointer (SIO1DP) Port P0 (P0) 002016 002116 Timer 1 (T1) Timer 2 (T2) Timer 3 (T3) Timer 4 (T4) Timer 5 (T5) Timer 6 (T6) PWM control register (PWMCON) Timer 6 PWM register (T6PWM) Timer 12 mode register (T12M) Timer 34 mode register (T34M) Timer 56 mode register (T56M) D-A conversion register (DA) Timer X (low-order) (TXL) Timer X (high-order) (TXH) Timer X mode register 1 (TXM1) Timer X mode register 2 (TXM2) Interrupt interval determination register (IID) Interrupt interval determination control register (IIDCON) Port P1 (P1) Port P1 direction register (P1D) Port P2 (P2) 002216 002316 002416 002516 002616 002716 002816 002916 002A16 002B16 002C16 002D16 002E16 002F16 003016 003116 003216 003316 003416 003516 003616 003716 003816 003916 003A16 003B16 003C16 003D16 003E16 003F16 0EF616 0EF716 0EF816 0EF916 0EFA16 0EFB16 AD/DA control register (ADCON) A-D conversion register (low-order) (ADL) A-D conversion register (high-order) (ADH) PWM register (high-order) (PWMH) PWM register (low-order) (PWML) Baud rate generator (BRG) UART control register (UARTCON) Interrupt source switch register (IFR) Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE) CPU mode register (CPUM) Interrupt request register 1(IREQ1) Interrupt request register 2(IREQ2) Interrupt control register 1(ICON1) Interrupt control register 2(ICON2) Toff1 time set register (TOFF1) Toff2 time set register (TOFF2) FLD data pointer (FLDDP) Port P4 FLD/Port switch register (P4FPR) Port P5 FLD/Port switch register (P5FPR) Port P6 FLD/Port switch register (P6FPR) Serial I/O1 control register 1 (SIO1CON1) Serial I/O1 control register 2 (SIO1CON2) Serial I/O1 register/Transfer counter (SIO1) Serial I/O1 control register 3 (SIO1CON3) Serial I/O2 control register (SIO2CON) Serial I/O2 status register (SIO2STS) Serial I/O2 transmit/receive buffer register (TB/RB) Serial I/O3 control register (SIO3CON) Serial I/O3 register (SIO3) Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON) Pull-up control register 3 (PULL3) Pull-up control register 1 (PULL1) Pull-up control register 2 (PULL2) Port P0 digit output set switch register (P0DOR) Port P2 digit output set switch register (P2DOR) FLDC mode register (FLDM) Tdisp time set register (TDISP) 0EFC16 FLD output control register (FLDCON) 0EFD16 Buzzer output control register (BUZCON) 0EFE16 0EFF16 Flash memory control register (FCON) Flash command register (FCMD) Note: Flash memory version only. (Note) (Note) 3-100 38B7 Group User’s Manual 3.11 Pin configuration *P27/FLD7 *P26/FLD6 *P25/FLD5 *P24/FLD4 *P23/FLD3 *P22/FLD2 *P21/FLD1 *P20/FLD0 VEE PB6/SIN1 PB5/SOUT1 PB4/SCLK11 PB3/SSTB1 PB2/SBUSY1 PB1/SRDY1 PB0/SCLK12/DA AVSS VREF PA7/AN7 PA6/AN6 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 Package type: 100P6S-A M38B79MFH-XXXXFP 3 8B7 Group User’s Manual PA5/AN5 PA4/AN4 PA3/AN3 PA2/AN2 PA1/AN1 PA0/AN0 P97/BUZ02/AN15 P96/PWM0/AN14 P95/RTP0/AN13 P94/RTP1/AN12 P93/SRDY3/AN11 P92/SCLK3/AN10 P91/SOUT3/AN9 P90/SIN3/AN8 P83/CNTR0/CNTR2 P82/CNTR1 C N VS S RESET P81/XCOUT P80/XCIN VS S XIN XOUT VCC P77/INT4/BUZ01 P76/T3OUT P75/T1OUT P74/PWM1 P73/INT3/DIMOUT P72/INT2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 55 54 53 52 51 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 *P00/FLD8 *P01/FLD9 *P02/FLD10 *P03/FLD11 *P04/FLD12 *P05/FLD13 *P06/FLD14 *P07/FLD15 *P10/FLD16 *P11/FLD17 *P12/FLD18 *P13/FLD19 *P14/FLD20 *P15/FLD21 *P16/FLD22 *P17/FLD23 *P30/FLD24 *P31/FLD25 *P32/FLD26 *P33/FLD27 *P34/FLD28 *P35/FLD29 *P36/FLD30 *P37/FLD31 *P40/FLD32 *P41/FLD33 *P42/FLD34 *P43/FLD35 *P44/FLD36 *P45/FLD37 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 *P46/FLD38 *P47/FLD39 *P50/FLD40 *P51/FLD41 *P52/FLD42 *P53/FLD43 *P54/FLD44 *P55/FLD45 *P56/FLD46 *P57/FLD47 *P60/FLD48 *P61/FLD49 *P62/FLD50 *P63/FLD51 P64/RxD/FLD52 P65/TxD/FLD53 P66/SCLK21/FLD54 P67/SRDY2/SCLK22/FLD55 P70/INT0 P71/INT1 *High-breakdown-voltage output port: Totaling 52 3.11 Pin configuration APPENDIX 3-101 MITSUBISHI SEMICONDUCTORS USER’S MANUAL 38B7 Group Editioned by Committee of editing of Mitsubishi Semiconductor User’s Manual Published by Mitsubishi Electric Corp., Semiconductor Marketing Division This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation. ©2003 MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION User’s Manual 38B7 Group © 2003 MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION. New publication, effective Jan. 2003. Specifications subject to change without notice.