D atasheet
2.5V to 5.5V, 0.3A 1ch Synchronous Buck Converter integrated FET
BD9122GUL
●General Description ROHM’s high efficiency step-down switching regulator (BD9122GUL) is a power supply designed to produce a low voltage including 1 volts from 5/3.3 volts power supply line. Offers high efficiency with our original pulse skip control technology and synchronous rectifier. Employs a current mode control system to provide faster transient response to sudden change in load. ●Features ■ Offers fast transient response with current mode PWM control system. ■ Offers highly efficiency for all load range with TM synchronous rectifier (Nch/Pch FET) and SLLM (Simple Light Load Mode) ■ Incorporates soft-start function. ■ Incorporates thermal protection and ULVO functions. ■ Incorporates short-current protection circuit with time delay function. ■ Incorporates shutdown function ●Key Specifications Input voltage range: Output voltage range: Output current: Switching frequency: Pch FET ON resistance: Nch FET ON resistance: Standby current: Operating temperature range: ●Package VCSP50L2: 2.5V to 5.5V 1.0V to 2.0V 0.3A (Max.) 1MHz(Typ.) 0.3Ω(Typ.) 0.2Ω(Typ.) 0μA (Typ.) -25℃ to +85℃
2.50mm x 1.10mm x 0.55mm
●Applications Power supply for LSI including DSP, Micro computer and ASIC
●Typical Application Circuit
VCC
Cin EN VOUT VOUT ITH RITH CITH GND,PGND VCC,PVCC SW
L VOUT ESR CO RO
Fig.1 Typical Application Circuit
○Product structure:Silicon monolithic integrated circuit www.rohm.com © ROHM Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. TSZ22111・14・001
○This product is not designed protection against radioactive rays.
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●Pin Configuration (Top View)
Datasheet
SW B1
A1 PGND
PVcc B2
A2 GND
Vcc B3
A3 EN
ADJ B4
A4 ITH
Fig.2 Pin Configuration
●Pin Description Pin No. A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 Pin name PGND GND EN ITH SW PVCC VCC ADJ Nch FET source pin Ground Enable pin(Active High) Gm Amp output pin/Connected phase compensation capacitor Pch/Nch FET drain output pin Pch FET source pin Vcc power supply input pin Output voltage detect pin Pin function
●Block Diagram
VCC EN VCC PVCC Current Comp + RQ S Gm Amp + SLOPE VCC OSC CLK Driver Logic 4.7µH SW 4.7μF Soft Start UVLO TSD SCP PGND GND ADJ ITH RITH R2 CITH Output Current Sense/ Protect + 3.3V Input 10µF
VREF
R1
Fig.3 Block Diagram
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●Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta=25℃) Parameter VCC Voltage PVCC Voltage EN Voltage SW,ITH Voltage Power Dissipation Operating temperature range Storage temperature range Maximum junction temperature
*1 *2
Datasheet
Symbol VCC PVCC VEN VSW,VIT
H
Limits 1 -0.3 to +7 * *1 -0.3 to +7 -0.3 to +7 -0.3 to +7 660* -25 to +85 -55 to +150 +150
2
Unit V V V V mW ℃ ℃ ℃
Pd Topr Tstg Tjmax
Pd should not be exceeded. Derating in done 5.28mW/℃ for temperatures above Ta=25℃, Mounted on 50mm×58mm×1.6mm Glass Epoxy PCB.
●Operating Ratings (Ta=25℃) Parameter VCC Voltage PVCC Voltage EN Voltage SW average output Output voltage Setting Range
*3 *4
Symbol VCC *3 PVCC EN *3 Isw VOUT
*3
Min. *4 2.5 *4 2.5 0 1.0
Limits Typ. 3.3 3.3 -
Max. 5.5 5.5 VCC 0.3 2.0
Unit V V V A V
Pd should not be exceeded. In case set output voltage 1.8V or more, VccMin = 2.7V.
●Electrical Characteristics ◎(Ta=25℃, VCC=PVCC=3.3V, EN=VCC, R1=20kΩ, R2=10kΩ, unless otherwise specified.) Limits Parameter Symbol Unit Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Standby current Bias current EN Low voltage EN High voltage EN input current Oscillation frequency Pch FET ON resistance Nch FET ON resistance ADJ Voltage Output voltage ITH SInk current ITH Source Current UVLO threshold voltage UVLO release voltage Soft start time Timer latch time Output Short circuit Threshold Voltage ISTB ICC VENL VENH IEN FOSC RONP RONN VADJ VOUT ITHSI ITHSO VUVLO1 VUVLO2 TSS TLATCH VSCP 2.0 0.8 0.780 10 10 2.2 2.22 0.5 1 0 250 GND VCC 1 1 0.3 0.2 0.800 1.200 20 20 2.3 2.35 1 2 VOUT×0.5 10 400 0.8 10 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.820 2.4 2.5 2 4 μA μA V V μA MHz Ω Ω V V μA μA V V ms ms V SCP/TSD operated VOUT=2→0V VADJ=1.0V VADJ=0.6V VCC=3→0V VCC=0→3V PVCC=3.3V PVCC=3.3V Standby mode Active mode VEN=3.3V EN=GND
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●Typical Performance Curves
Datasheet
Fig.4 Vcc - VOUT
Fig.5 VEN - VOUT
Fig.6 IOUT - VOUT
Fig.7 Ta - VOUT
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Datasheet
Fig.8 Efficiency
Fig.9 Ta - Fosc
Fig.10 Ta – RONN, RONP
Fig.11 Ta - VEN
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Datasheet
Fig.12 Ta - Icc
Fig.13 Vcc - Fosc
Fig.14 Soft start waveform
Fig.15 SW waveform Io=10mA
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Datasheet
Fig.16 SW waveform Io=200mA
Fig.17 Transient Response Io=50→125mA (10μs)
Fig.18 Transient Response o=125→50mA (10μs)
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Datasheet
●Application Information Operation BD9122GUL is a synchronous rectifying step-down switching regulator that achieves faster transient response by employing current mode PWM control system. It utilizes switching operation in PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) mode for heavier load, while it utilizes SLLM (Simple Light Load Mode) operation for lighter load to impr ove efficiency. ○Synchronous rectifier It does not require the power to be dissipated by a rectifier externally connected to a conventional DC/DC converter IC, and its P.N junction shoot-through protection circuit limits the shoot-through current during operation, by which the power dissipation of the set is reduced. ○Current mode PWM control Synthesizes a PWM control signal with a inductor current feedback loop added to the voltage feedback. ・PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control The oscillation frequency for PWM is 1 MHz. SET signal form OSC turns ON a P-channel MOS FET (while a N-channel MOS FET is turned OFF), and an inductor current I L increases. The current comparator (Current Comp) receives two signals, a current feedback control signal (SENSE: Voltage converted fr om IL) and a voltage feedback control signal (FB), and issues a RESET signal if both input signals are identical to each other, and turns OFF the P-channel MOS FET (while a N-channel MOS FET is turned ON) for the rest of the fixed period. The PWM control repeat this operation. ・SLLM (Simple Light Load Mode) control When the control mode is shifted from PWM for heavier load to the one for lighter load or vise versa, the switching pulse is designed to turn OFF with the device held operated in normal PWM c ontrol loop, which allows linear operation without voltage drop or deterioration in transient response during the mode switching from light load to heavy load or vise versa Although the PWM control loop continues to operate with a SET signal from OSC and a RESET signal from Current Comp, it is so designed that the RESET signal is held issued if shifted to the light load mode, with which the switching is tuned OFF and the switching pulses are thinned out under control. Activating the switching intermittentl y reduces the switching dissipation and improves the efficiency.
SENSE Current Comp RESET Level Shift Gm Amp. ITH OSC RQ FB SET S Driver Logic SW Load IL VOUT
VOUT
Fig.19 Diagram of current mode PWM control
PVCC SENSE FB SET GND GND GND IL(AVE) SET PVCC SENSE FB GND GND
Current Comp
Current Comp
RESET SW IL
RESET SW
GND IL 0A
VOUT
VOUT(AVE)
VOUT
VOUT(AVE)
Not switching
Fig.20 PWM switching timing chart
Fig.21 SLLM
TM
switching timing chart
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Datasheet
Description of Operations ・Soft-start function EN terminal shifted to “High” activates a soft -starter to gradually establish the output voltage with the current limited during startup, by which it is possible to prevent an overshoot of output voltage and an inrush current. ・Shutdown function With EN terminal shifted to “Low”, the device turns to Standby Mode, and all the function blocks including reference voltage circuit, internal oscillator and drivers are turned to OFF. Circuit current during standby is 0μF (Typ.). ・UVLO function Detects whether the input voltage sufficient to secure the output voltage of this IC is supplied. of 50 mV (Typ.) is provided to prevent output chattering.
Hysteresis 50mV
And the hysteresis width
VCC
EN
VOUT
Tss Soft start Standby mode Operating mode Standby mode
Tss
Tss
Operating mode
Standby mode
Operating mode
Standby mode
UVLO
UVLO
EN
UVLO
Fig.22 Soft start, Shutdown, UVLO timing chart ・Short-current protection circuit with time delay function Turns OFF the output to protect the IC from breakdown when the incorporated current limiter is activated continuously for the fixed time(TLATCH) or more. The output thus held tuned OFF may be recovered by restarting EN or by re-unlocking UVLO.
EN Output OFF latch
Output Short circuit Threshold Voltage VOUT IL Limit IL
Standby mode
t1 IRMS(max.)
L
[A]・・・(6) IOUT
Co
Fig.30 Input capacitor
2 If VCC=3.3V, VOUT=1.5V, and IOUTmax.=0.3A IRMS=0.3×
When Vcc is twice the VOUT, IRMS=
√ .5(3.3-1.5) 1 =0.15[ARMS] 3 .3 3 . ESR dissipation of input capacitor for better efficiency. A low ESR 10μF/10V ceramic capacitor is recommended to reduce 3
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Datasheet
4. Determination of RITH, CITH that works as a phase compensator As the Current Mode Control is designed to limit a inductor current, a pole (phase lag) appears in the low frequency area due to a CR filter consisting of a output capacitor and a load resistance, while a zero (phase lead) appears in the high frequency area due to the output capacitor and its ESR. So, the phases are easily compensated by adding a zero to the power amplifier output with C and R as described below to cancel a pole at the power amplifier.
fp(Min.) A Gain [dB] fp(Max.) 0 fz(ESR) IOUTMin. 0 Phase [deg] -90 IOUTMax.
1 2π×RO×CO 1 fz(ESR)= 2π×ESR×CO fp= Pole at power amplifier When the output current decreases, the load resistance Ro increases and the pole frequency lowers. fp(Min.)= 1 2π×ROMax.×CO 1 2π×ROMin.×CO [Hz]←with lighter load
Fig.31 Open loop gain characteristics fp(Max.)= [Hz] ←with heavier load
A fz(Amp.) Gain [dB] 0 0 Phase [deg]
Zero at power amplifier
Increasing capacitance of the output capacitor lowers the pole frequency while the zero frequency does not change. reduces to half.) (This is because when the capacitance is doubled, the capacitor ESR
-90
fz(Amp.)= Fig.32 Error amp phase compensation characteristics
1 2π×RITH×CITH
VCC
Cin EN VOUT VOUT ITH RITH CITH
VCC,PVCC
L SW ESR RO VOUT
GND,PGND
CO
Fig.33 Typical application Stable feedback loop may be achieved by canceling the pole fp (Min.) produced by the output capacitor and the load resistance with CR zero correction by the error amplifier. fz(Amp.)= fp(Min.) 1 2π×RITH×CITH = 1 2π×ROMax.×CO
5. Determination of output voltage The output voltage VOUT is determined by the equation (7): VOUT=(R2/R1+1)×VADJ・・・(7) VADJ: Voltage at ADJ terminal (0.8V Typ.) With R1 and R2 adjusted, the output voltage may be determined as required.
L Output SW Co R2
Adjustable output voltage range : 1.0V to 2.0V Use 1 kΩ to 100 kΩ resistor for R1. If a resistor of the resistance higher than
ADJ
R1
Fig.34 Determination of output voltage
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Cautions on PC Board Layout ② CO ① VOUT VCC R2 CIN L SW PVcc Vcc ADJ R1 PGND GND EN ITH ③ CITH RITH
Datasheet
GND
EN
Fig.35 Layout diagram ① ② For the sections drawn with heavy line, use thick conductor pattern as short as possible. Lay out the input ceramic capacitor CIN closer to the pins PVCC and PGND, and the output capacitor Co closer to the pin PGND. ③ Lay out CITH and RITH between the pins ITH and GND as neat as possible with least necessary wiring.
Recommended Components Lists on Above Application Symbol Part Value L Coil 2.2uH CIN Ceramic capacitor 10uF CO Ceramic capacitor 10uF VOUT=1.0V VOUT=1.2V CITH Ceramic capacitor VOUT=1.5V VOUT=1.8V VOUT=2.0V VOUT=1.0V VOUT=1.2V RITH Resistance VOUT=1.5V VOUT=1.8V VOUT=2.0V
Manufacturer FDK murata murata 2200pF murata 1000pF 6.8kΩ ROHM 4.7kΩ
Series MIPF2016D2R2 GRM188B30J106ME47B GRM188B30J106ME47B
GRM15 Series
MCR006 6801 MCR006 4701
* The parts list presented above is an example of recommended parts. Although the parts are sound, actual circuit characteristi cs should be checked on your application carefully before use. Be sure to allow sufficient margins to accommodate variations between external devices and this IC when employing the depicted circuit with other circuit constants modified. Both static and transient characteristics sh ould be considered in establishing these margins. When switching noise is substantial and may impact the system, a low pass filter should be inserted between the VCC and PVCC pins, and a schottky barrier diode established between the SW and PGND pins.
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●I/O equivalent circuit
・EN pin ・SW pin
PVCC PVCC PVCC
Datasheet
EN SW
・ITH pin
VCC
・ADJ pin
ADJ ITH
Fig.36 I/O equivalent circuit
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Datasheet
●Operational Notes 1. Absolute Maximum Ratings While utmost care is taken to quality control of this product, any application that may exceed some of the absolute maximum ratings including the voltage applied and the operating temperature range may result in breakage. If broken, short-mode or open-mode may not be identified. So if it is expected to encounter wit h special mode that may exceed the absolute maximum ratings, it is requested to take necessary safety measures physically including insertion of fuses. 2. Electrical potential at GND GND must be designed to have the lowest electrical potential In any oper ating conditions. 3. Short-circuiting between terminals, and mismounting When mounting to pc board, care must be taken to avoid mistake in its orientation and alignment. Failure to do so may result in IC breakdown. Short-circuiting due to foreign matters entered between output terminals, or between output and power supply or GND may also cause breakdown. 4. Operation in Strong electromagnetic field Be noted that using the IC in the strong electromagnetic radiation can cause operation failures. 5. Thermal shutdown protection circuit Thermal shutdown protection circuit is the circuit designed to isolate the IC from thermal runaway, and not intended to protect and guarantee the IC. So, the IC the thermal shutdown protection circuit of which is once activa ted should not be used thereafter for any operation originally intended. 6. Inspection with the IC set to a pc board If a capacitor must be connected to the pin of lower impedance during inspection with the IC set to a pc board, the capacitor must be discharged after each process to avoid stress to the IC. For electrostatic protection, provide proper grounding to assembling processes with special care taken in handling and storage. When connecting to jigs in the inspection process, be sure to turn OFF the power supply before it is connected and removed. 7. Input to IC terminals + This is a monolithic IC with P isolation between P-substrate and each element as illustrated below. This P -layer and the N-layer of each element form a P-N junction, and various parasitic element are formed. If a resistor is joined to a transistor terminal as shown in Fig 37. ○P-N junction works as a parasitic diode if the following relationship is satisfied; GND>Terminal A (at resistor side), or GND>Terminal B (at transistor side); and ○if GND>Terminal B (at NPN transistor side), a parasitic NPN transistor is activated by N-layer of other element adjacent to the above-mentioned parasitic diode. The structure of the IC inevitably forms parasitic elements, the activation of which may cause interference among circuits, and/or malfunctions contributing to breakdown. It is therefore requested to take care not to use the device in such manner that the voltage lower than GND (at P-substrate) may be applied to the input termin al, which may result in activation of parasitic elements.
Fig.37 Simplified structure of monorisic IC 8. Ground wiring pattern If small-signal GND and large-current GND are provided, It will be recommended to separate the large -current GND pattern from the small-signal GND pattern and establish a single ground at the reference point of the set PCB so that resistance to the wiring pattern and voltage fluctuations due to a large current will cause no fluctuations in voltages of th e small-signal GND. Pay attention not to cause fluctuations in the GND wiring pattern of external parts as well.
Status of this document The Japanese version of this document is formal specification. A customer may use this translation version only for a referen ce to help reading the formal version. If there are any differences in translation version of this document formal version takes priority.
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●Ordering Information
Datasheet
B
D
9
1
2
2
G
U
L
-
E2
Packaging and forming specification E2: Embossed tape and reel (VCSP50L2)
Package GUL: VCSP50L2
●Physical Dimension, Tape and Reel Information VCSP50L2
Tape Quantity Direction of feed Embossed carrier tape 3000pcs E2
(The direction is the 1pin of product is at the upper left when you hold reel on the left hand and you pull out the tape on the right hand.)
1234
1234
1234
1234
1234
1234
(Unit:mm)
Direction of feed Reel ※When you order 1Pin , please order in times the amount of package quantity.
●Marking Diagram VCSP50L2 (TOP VIEW)
9122
LOT No.
1PIN MARK
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Datasheet Datasheet
Notice
●Precaution for circuit design 1) The products are designed and produced for application in ordinary electronic equipment (AV equipment, OA equipment, telecommunication equipment, home appliances, amusement equipment, etc.). If the products are to be used in devices requiring extremely high reliability (medical equipment, transport equipment, aircraft/spacecraft, nuclear power controllers, fuel controllers, car equipment including car accessories, safety devices, etc.) and whose malfunction or operational error may endanger human life and sufficient fail-safe measures, please consult with the ROHM sales staff in advance. If product malfunctions may result in serious damage, including that to human life, sufficient fail-safe measures must be taken, including the following: [a] Installation of protection circuits or other protective devices to improve system safety [b] Installation of redundant circuits in the case of single-circuit failure 2) The products are designed for use in a standard environment and not in any special environments. Application of the products in a special environment can deteriorate product performance. Accordingly, verification and confirmation of product performance, prior to use, is recommended if used under the following conditions: [a] Use in various types of liquid, including water, oils, chemicals, and organic solvents [b] Use outdoors where the products are exposed to direct sunlight, or in dusty places [c] Use in places where the products are exposed to sea winds or corrosive gases, including Cl2, H2S, NH3, SO2, and NO2 [d] Use in places where the products are exposed to static electricity or electromagnetic waves [e] Use in proximity to heat-producing components, plastic cords, or other flammable items [f] Use involving sealing or coating the products with resin or other coating materials [g] Use involving unclean solder or use of water or water-soluble cleaning agents for cleaning after soldering [h] Use of the products in places subject to dew condensation The products are not radiation resistant. Verification and confirmation of performance characteristics of products, after on-board mounting, is advised. In particular, if a transient load (a large amount of load applied in a short period of time, such as pulse) is applied, confirmation of performance characteristics after on-board mounting is strongly recommended. Avoid applying power exceeding normal rated power; exceeding the power rating under steady-state loading condition may negatively affect product performance and reliability. De-rate Power Dissipation (Pd) depending on Ambient temperature (Ta). When used in sealed area, confirm the actual ambient temperature. Confirm that operation temperature is within the specified range described in product specification. Failure induced under deviant condition from what defined in the product specification cannot be guaranteed.
3) 4) 5)
6) 7) 8)
●Precaution for Mounting / Circuit board design 1) When a highly active halogenous (chlorine, bromine, etc.) flux is used, the remainder of flux may negatively affect product performance and reliability. 2) In principle, the reflow soldering method must be used; if flow soldering method is preferred, please consult with the Company in advance.
Regarding Precaution for Mounting / Circuit board design, please specially refer to ROHM Mounting specification ●Precautions Regarding Application Examples and External Circuits 1) If change is made to the constant of an external circuit, allow a sufficient margin due to variations of the characteristics of the products and external components, including transient characteristics, as well as static characteristics. 2) The application examples, their constants, and other types of information contained herein are applicable only when the products are used in accordance with standard methods. Therefore, if mass production is intended, sufficient consideration to external conditions must be made.
Notice - Rev.001
Datasheet Datasheet
●Precaution for Electrostatic This product is Electrostatic sensitive product, which may be damaged due to Electrostatic discharge. Please take proper caution during manufacturing and storing so that voltage exceeding Product maximum rating won't be applied to products. Please take special care under dry condition (e.g. Grounding of human body / equipment / solder iron, isolation from charged objects, setting of Ionizer, friction prevention and temperature / humidity control). ●Precaution for Storage / Transportation 1) Product performance and soldered connections may deteriorate if the products are stored in the following places: [a] Where the products are exposed to sea winds or corrosive gases, including Cl2, H2S, NH3, SO2, and NO2 [b] Where the temperature or humidity exceeds those recommended by the Company [c] Storage in direct sunshine or condensation [d] Storage in high Electrostatic 2) Even under ROHM recommended storage condition, solderability of products out of recommended storage time period may be degraded. It is strongly recommended to confirm solderability before using products of which storage time is exceeding recommended storage time period . Store / transport cartons in the correct direction, which is indicated on a carton as a symbol. Otherwise bent leads may occur due to excessive stress applied when dropping of a carton. Use products within the specified time after opening a dry bag.
3) 4)
●Precaution for product label QR code printed on ROHM product label is only for internal use, and please do not use at customer site. It might contain a internal part number that is inconsistent with an product part number. ●Precaution for disposition When disposing products please dispose them properly with a industry waste company. ●Precaution for Foreign exchange and Foreign trade act Since concerned goods might be fallen under controlled goods prescribed by Foreign exchange and Foreign trade act, please consult with ROHM in case of export. ●Prohibitions Regarding Industrial Property 1) Information and data on products, including application examples, contained in these specifications are simply for reference; the Company does not guarantee any industrial property rights, intellectual property rights, or any other rights of a third party regarding this information or data. Accordingly, the Company does not bear any responsibility for: [a] infringement of the intellectual property rights of a third party [b] any problems incurred by the use of the products listed herein. 2) The Company prohibits the purchaser of its products to exercise or use the intellectual property rights, industrial property rights, or any other rights that either belong to or are controlled by the Company, other than the right to use, sell, or dispose of the products.
Notice - Rev.001