C8051F580-IQ

C8051F58x/F59x Mixed Signal ISP Flash MCU Family Analog Peripherals - 12-Bit ADC • • • • • - Memory - 8448 bytes internal data RAM (256 + 8192 XRAM) - 128 or 96 kB Banked Flash; In-system programma- Up to 200 ksps Up to 32 external single-ended inputs VREF from on-chip VREF, external pin or VDD Internal or external start of conversion source Built-in temperature sensor - Three Comparators • • • Digital Peripherals - 40, 33, or 25 Port I/O; All 5 V push-pull with high Programmable hysteresis and response time Configurable as interrupt or reset source Low current On-Chip Debug - On-chip debug circuitry facilitates full speed, non- intrusive in-system debug (no emulator required) Provides breakpoints, single stepping,  inspect/modify memory and registers Superior performance to emulation systems using ICE-chips, target pods, and sockets Low cost, complete development kit Supply Voltage 1.8 to 5.25 V - Typical operating current: 15 mA at 50 MHz; - High-Speed 8051 µC Core - Pipelined instruction architecture; executes 70% of - instructions in 1 or 2 system clocks - Up to 50 MIPS throughput with 50 MHz clock - Expanded interrupt handler Automotive Qualified - Temperature Range: –40 to +125 °C - master LIN operation. External oscillator: Crystal, RC, C, or clock  (1 or 2 pin modes) Can switch between clock sources on-the-fly;  useful in power saving modes Packages - 48-Pin QFP/QFN (C8051F580/1/4/5) - 40-Pin QFN (C8051F588/9-F590/1) - 32-Pin QFP/QFN (C8051F582/3/6/7) ANALOG PERIPHERALS 12-bit 200 ksps ADC sink current CAN 2.0 Controller—no crystal required LIN 2.1 Controller (Master and Slave capable); no crystal required Two Hardware enhanced UARTs, SMBus™, and enhanced SPI™ serial ports Six general purpose 16-bit counter/timers Two 16-Bit programmable counter array (PCA) peripherals with six capture/compare modules each and enhanced PWM functionality Clock Sources - Internal 24 MHz with ±0.5% accuracy for CAN and Typical stop mode current: 230 µA A M U X ble in 512-byte Sectors External 64 kB data memory interface programmable for multiplexed or non-multiplexed mode TEMP SENSOR VREG Voltage Comparators 0-2 VREF 24 MHz PRECISION INTERNAL OSCILLATOR DIGITAL I/O UART 0-1 SMBus SPI PCA x 2 Timers 0-5 CAN LIN Ports 0-4 Crossbar External Memory Interface 2x Clock Multiplier HIGH-SPEED CONTROLLER CORE 128 kB ISP FLASH FLEXIBLE INTERRUPTS Rev 1.5 5/18 8051 CPU (50 MIPS) DEBUG CIRCUITRY 8 kB XRAM POR Copyright © 2018 by Silicon Laboratories WDT C8051F580/1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9-F590/1 C8051F58x/F59x Table of Contents 1. System Overview ..................................................................................................... 18 2. Ordering Information ............................................................................................... 22 3. Pin Definitions.......................................................................................................... 24 4. Package Specifications ........................................................................................... 32 4.1. QFP-48 Package Specifications........................................................................ 32 4.2. QFN-48 Package Specifications........................................................................ 34 4.3. QFN-40 Package Specifications........................................................................ 36 4.4. QFP-32 Package Specifications........................................................................ 38 4.5. QFN-32 Package Specifications........................................................................ 40 5. Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................ 42 5.1. Absolute Maximum Specifications..................................................................... 42 5.2. Electrical Characteristics ................................................................................... 43 6. 12-Bit ADC (ADC0) ................................................................................................... 54 6.1. Modes of Operation ........................................................................................... 55 6.1.1. Starting a Conversion................................................................................ 55 6.1.2. Tracking Modes......................................................................................... 55 6.1.3. Timing ....................................................................................................... 56 6.1.4. Burst Mode................................................................................................ 57 6.2. Output Code Formatting .................................................................................... 59 6.2.1. Settling Time Requirements...................................................................... 59 6.3. Selectable Gain ................................................................................................. 60 6.3.1. Calculating the Gain Value........................................................................ 60 6.3.2. Setting the Gain Value .............................................................................. 62 6.4. Programmable Window Detector....................................................................... 68 6.4.1. Window Detector In Single-Ended Mode .................................................. 70 6.5. ADC0 Analog Multiplexer .................................................................................. 72 7. Temperature Sensor ................................................................................................ 74 8. Voltage Reference.................................................................................................... 75 9. Comparators............................................................................................................. 77 9.1. Comparator Multiplexer ..................................................................................... 85 10. Voltage Regulator (REG0) ..................................................................................... 89 11. CIP-51 Microcontroller........................................................................................... 91 11.1. Performance .................................................................................................... 91 11.2. Instruction Set.................................................................................................. 93 11.2.1. Instruction and CPU Timing .................................................................... 93 11.3. CIP-51 Register Descriptions .......................................................................... 97 11.4. Serial Number Special Function Registers (SFRs) ....................................... 101 12. Memory Organization .......................................................................................... 102 12.1. Program Memory........................................................................................... 102 12.1.1. MOVX Instruction and Program Memory .............................................. 104 12.2. Data Memory ................................................................................................. 104 12.2.1. Internal RAM ......................................................................................... 105 12.2.1.1. General Purpose Registers .......................................................... 105 Rev 1.5 3 C8051F58x/F59x 12.2.1.2. Bit Addressable Locations ............................................................ 105 12.2.1.3. Stack .......................................................................................... 105 13. Special Function Registers................................................................................. 106 13.1. SFR Paging ................................................................................................... 106 13.2. Interrupts and SFR Paging ............................................................................ 106 13.3. SFR Page Stack Example ............................................................................. 107 14. Interrupts .............................................................................................................. 126 14.1. MCU Interrupt Sources and Vectors.............................................................. 126 14.1.1. Interrupt Priorities.................................................................................. 127 14.1.2. Interrupt Latency ................................................................................... 127 14.2. Interrupt Register Descriptions ...................................................................... 129 14.3. External Interrupts INT0 and INT1................................................................. 136 15. Flash Memory....................................................................................................... 138 15.1. Programming The Flash Memory .................................................................. 138 15.1.1. Flash Lock and Key Functions .............................................................. 138 15.1.2. Flash Erase Procedure ......................................................................... 138 15.1.3. Flash Write Procedure .......................................................................... 139 15.1.4. Flash Write Optimization ....................................................................... 139 15.2. Non-volatile Data Storage ............................................................................. 140 15.3. Security Options ............................................................................................ 140 15.4. Flash Write and Erase Guidelines ................................................................. 142 15.4.1. VDD Maintenance and the VDD monitor ................................................ 142 15.4.2. PSWE Maintenance .............................................................................. 142 15.4.3. System Clock ........................................................................................ 143 16. Power Management Modes................................................................................. 147 16.1. Idle Mode....................................................................................................... 147 16.2. Stop Mode ..................................................................................................... 148 16.3. Suspend Mode .............................................................................................. 148 17. Reset Sources ...................................................................................................... 150 17.1. Power-On Reset ............................................................................................ 151 17.2. Power-Fail Reset/VDD Monitor ..................................................................... 152 17.3. External Reset ............................................................................................... 153 17.4. Missing Clock Detector Reset ....................................................................... 153 17.5. Comparator0 Reset ....................................................................................... 154 17.6. PCA Watchdog Timer Reset ......................................................................... 154 17.7. Flash Error Reset .......................................................................................... 154 17.8. Software Reset .............................................................................................. 154 18. External Data Memory Interface and On-Chip XRAM ....................................... 156 18.1. Accessing XRAM........................................................................................... 156 18.1.1. 16-Bit MOVX Example .......................................................................... 156 18.1.2. 8-Bit MOVX Example ............................................................................ 156 18.2. Configuring the External Memory Interface ................................................... 157 18.3. Port Configuration.......................................................................................... 157 18.4. Multiplexed and Non-multiplexed Selection................................................... 162 18.4.1. Multiplexed Configuration...................................................................... 162 4 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 18.4.2. Non-multiplexed Configuration.............................................................. 163 18.5. Memory Mode Selection................................................................................ 164 18.5.1. Internal XRAM Only .............................................................................. 164 18.5.2. Split Mode without Bank Select............................................................. 164 18.5.3. Split Mode with Bank Select.................................................................. 165 18.5.4. External Only......................................................................................... 165 18.6. Timing .......................................................................................................... 165 18.6.1. Non-Multiplexed Mode .......................................................................... 167 18.6.1.1. 16-bit MOVX: EMI0CF[4:2] = 101, 110, or 111............................. 167 18.6.1.2. 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 101 or 111 ....... 168 18.6.1.3. 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 110 ....................... 169 18.6.2. Multiplexed Mode .................................................................................. 170 18.6.2.1. 16-bit MOVX: EMI0CF[4:2] = 001, 010, or 011............................. 170 18.6.2.2. 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 001 or 011 ....... 171 18.6.2.3. 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 010 ....................... 172 19. Oscillators and Clock Selection ......................................................................... 174 19.1. System Clock Selection................................................................................. 174 19.2. Programmable Internal Oscillator .................................................................. 176 19.2.1. Internal Oscillator Suspend Mode ......................................................... 176 19.3. Clock Multiplier .............................................................................................. 179 19.4. External Oscillator Drive Circuit..................................................................... 181 19.4.1. External Crystal Example...................................................................... 183 19.4.2. External RC Example............................................................................ 184 19.4.3. External Capacitor Example.................................................................. 184 20. Port Input/Output ................................................................................................. 186 20.1. Port I/O Modes of Operation.......................................................................... 188 20.1.1. Port Pins Configured for Analog I/O...................................................... 188 20.1.2. Port Pins Configured For Digital I/O...................................................... 188 20.1.3. Interfacing Port I/O in a Multi-Voltage System ...................................... 189 20.2. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Analog and Digital Functions............................... 189 20.2.1. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Analog Functions ........................................ 189 20.2.2. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Digital Functions.......................................... 189 20.2.3. Assigning Port I/O Pins to External Digital Event Capture Functions ... 190 20.3. Priority Crossbar Decoder ............................................................................. 190 20.4. Port I/O Initialization ...................................................................................... 193 20.5. Port Match ..................................................................................................... 198 20.6. Special Function Registers for Accessing and Configuring Port I/O ............. 202 21. Local Interconnect Network (LIN0)..................................................................... 212 21.1. Software Interface with the LIN Controller..................................................... 213 21.2. LIN Interface Setup and Operation................................................................ 213 21.2.1. Mode Definition ..................................................................................... 213 21.2.2. Baud Rate Options: Manual or Autobaud ............................................. 213 21.2.3. Baud Rate Calculations: Manual Mode................................................. 213 21.2.4. Baud Rate Calculations—Automatic Mode ........................................... 215 21.3. LIN Master Mode Operation .......................................................................... 216 Rev 1.5 5 C8051F58x/F59x 21.4. LIN Slave Mode Operation ............................................................................ 217 21.5. Sleep Mode and Wake-Up ............................................................................ 218 21.6. Error Detection and Handling ........................................................................ 218 21.7. LIN Registers................................................................................................. 219 21.7.1. LIN Direct Access SFR Registers Definitions ....................................... 219 21.7.2. LIN Indirect Access SFR Registers Definitions ..................................... 221 22. Controller Area Network (CAN0) ........................................................................ 229 22.1. Bosch CAN Controller Operation................................................................... 230 22.1.1. CAN Controller Timing .......................................................................... 230 22.1.2. CAN Register Access............................................................................ 231 22.1.3. Example Timing Calculation for 1 Mbit/Sec Communication ................ 231 22.2. CAN Registers............................................................................................... 233 22.2.1. CAN Controller Protocol Registers........................................................ 233 22.2.2. Message Object Interface Registers ..................................................... 233 22.2.3. Message Handler Registers.................................................................. 233 22.2.4. CAN Register Assignment .................................................................... 234 23. SMBus................................................................................................................... 237 23.1. Supporting Documents .................................................................................. 238 23.2. SMBus Configuration..................................................................................... 238 23.3. SMBus Operation .......................................................................................... 238 23.3.1. Transmitter Vs. Receiver....................................................................... 239 23.3.2. Arbitration.............................................................................................. 239 23.3.3. Clock Low Extension............................................................................. 239 23.3.4. SCL Low Timeout.................................................................................. 239 23.3.5. SCL High (SMBus Free) Timeout ......................................................... 240 23.4. Using the SMBus........................................................................................... 240 23.4.1. SMBus Configuration Register.............................................................. 240 23.4.2. SMB0CN Control Register .................................................................... 244 23.4.3. Data Register ........................................................................................ 247 23.5. SMBus Transfer Modes................................................................................. 247 23.5.1. Write Sequence (Master) ...................................................................... 248 23.5.2. Read Sequence (Master) ...................................................................... 249 23.5.3. Write Sequence (Slave) ........................................................................ 250 23.5.4. Read Sequence (Slave) ........................................................................ 251 23.6. SMBus Status Decoding................................................................................ 251 24. UART0 ................................................................................................................... 254 24.1. Baud Rate Generator .................................................................................... 254 24.2. Data Format................................................................................................... 256 24.3. Configuration and Operation ......................................................................... 257 24.3.1. Data Transmission ................................................................................ 257 24.3.2. Data Reception ..................................................................................... 257 24.3.3. Multiprocessor Communications ........................................................... 258 25. UART1 ................................................................................................................... 263 25.1. Enhanced Baud Rate Generation.................................................................. 264 25.2. Operational Modes ........................................................................................ 265 6 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 25.2.1. 8-Bit UART ............................................................................................ 265 25.2.2. 9-Bit UART ............................................................................................ 265 25.3. Multiprocessor Communications ................................................................... 266 26. Enhanced Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI0) ..................................................... 270 26.1. Signal Descriptions........................................................................................ 271 26.1.1. Master Out, Slave In (MOSI)................................................................. 271 26.1.2. Master In, Slave Out (MISO)................................................................. 271 26.1.3. Serial Clock (SCK) ................................................................................ 271 26.1.4. Slave Select (NSS) ............................................................................... 271 26.2. SPI0 Master Mode Operation ........................................................................ 272 26.3. SPI0 Slave Mode Operation .......................................................................... 274 26.4. SPI0 Interrupt Sources .................................................................................. 274 26.5. Serial Clock Phase and Polarity .................................................................... 275 26.6. SPI Special Function Registers ..................................................................... 276 27. Timers ................................................................................................................... 283 27.1. Timer 0 and Timer 1 ...................................................................................... 285 27.1.1. Mode 0: 13-bit Counter/Timer ............................................................... 285 27.1.2. Mode 1: 16-bit Counter/Timer ............................................................... 286 27.1.3. Mode 2: 8-bit Counter/Timer with Auto-Reload..................................... 286 27.1.4. Mode 3: Two 8-bit Counter/Timers (Timer 0 Only)................................ 287 27.2. Timer 2 .......................................................................................................... 293 27.2.1. 16-bit Timer with Auto-Reload............................................................... 293 27.2.2. 8-bit Timers with Auto-Reload............................................................... 293 27.2.3. External Oscillator Capture Mode ......................................................... 294 27.3. Timer 3 .......................................................................................................... 299 27.3.1. 16-bit Timer with Auto-Reload............................................................... 299 27.3.2. 8-bit Timers with Auto-Reload............................................................... 299 27.3.3. External Oscillator Capture Mode ......................................................... 300 27.4. Timer 4 and Timer 5 ...................................................................................... 305 27.4.1. Configuring Timer 4 and 5 to Count Down............................................ 305 27.4.2. Capture Mode ....................................................................................... 305 27.4.3. Auto-Reload Mode ................................................................................ 306 27.4.4. Toggle Output Mode ............................................................................. 307 28. Programmable Counter Array 0 (PCA0)............................................................. 312 28.1. PCA0 Counter/Timer ..................................................................................... 313 28.2. PCA0 Interrupt Sources................................................................................. 314 28.3. Capture/Compare Modules ........................................................................... 315 28.3.1. Edge-triggered Capture Mode............................................................... 315 28.3.2. Software Timer (Compare) Mode.......................................................... 316 28.3.3. High-Speed Output Mode ..................................................................... 317 28.3.4. Frequency Output Mode ....................................................................... 318 28.3.5. 8-bit, 9-bit, 10-bit and 11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Modes ................. 319 28.3.5.1. 8-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode................................................ 319 28.3.5.2. 9/10/11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode...................................... 320 28.3.6. 16-Bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode...................................................... 321 Rev 1.5 7 C8051F58x/F59x 28.4. Watchdog Timer Mode .................................................................................. 322 28.4.1. Watchdog Timer Operation ................................................................... 322 28.4.2. Watchdog Timer Usage ........................................................................ 323 28.5. Register Descriptions for PCA0..................................................................... 325 29. Programmable Counter Array 1 (PCA1)............................................................. 331 29.1. PCA1 Counter/Timer ..................................................................................... 332 29.2. PCA1 Interrupt Sources................................................................................. 333 29.3. Capture/Compare Modules ........................................................................... 334 29.3.1. Edge-triggered Capture Mode............................................................... 335 29.3.2. Software Timer (Compare) Mode.......................................................... 336 29.3.3. High-Speed Output Mode ..................................................................... 337 29.3.4. Frequency Output Mode ....................................................................... 338 29.3.5. 8-bit, 9-bit, 10-bit and 11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Modes ................. 339 29.3.5.1. 8-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode................................................ 339 29.3.5.2. 9/10/11-bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode...................................... 341 29.3.6. 16-Bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode...................................................... 342 29.4. Register Descriptions for PCA1..................................................................... 343 30. C2 Interface .......................................................................................................... 349 30.1. C2 Interface Registers................................................................................... 349 30.2. C2 Pin Sharing .............................................................................................. 353 Document Change List ............................................................................................. 354 Contact Information .................................................................................................. 356 8 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x List of Figures Figure 1.1. C8051F580/1/4/5 Block Diagram .......................................................... 19 Figure 1.2. C8051F588/9-F590/1 Block Diagram .................................................... 20 Figure 1.3. C8051F582/3/6/7 Block Diagram .......................................................... 21 Figure 3.1. QFP-48 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ...................................................... 27 Figure 3.2. QFN-48 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ..................................................... 28 Figure 3.3. QFN-40 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ..................................................... 29 Figure 3.4. QFP-32 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ...................................................... 30 Figure 3.5. QFN-32 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ..................................................... 31 Figure 4.1. QFP-48 Package Drawing ..................................................................... 32 Figure 4.2. QFP-48 Landing Diagram ..................................................................... 33 Figure 4.3. QFN-48 Package Drawing .................................................................... 34 Figure 4.4. QFN-48 Landing Diagram ..................................................................... 35 Figure 4.5. Typical QFN-40 Package Drawing ........................................................ 36 Figure 4.6. QFN-40 Landing Diagram ..................................................................... 37 Figure 4.7. QFP-32 Package Drawing ..................................................................... 38 Figure 4.8. QFP-32 Package Drawing ..................................................................... 39 Figure 4.9. QFN-32 Package Drawing .................................................................... 40 Figure 4.10. QFN-32 Package Drawing .................................................................. 41 Figure 5.1. Maximum System Clock Frequency vs. VDD Voltage .......................... 46 Figure 6.1. ADC0 Functional Block Diagram ........................................................... 54 Figure 6.2. ADC0 Tracking Modes .......................................................................... 56 Figure 6.3. 12-Bit ADC Tracking Mode Example ..................................................... 57 Figure 6.4. 12-Bit ADC Burst Mode Example With Repeat Count Set to 4 ............. 58 Figure 6.5. ADC0 Equivalent Input Circuit ............................................................... 60 Figure 6.6. ADC Window Compare Example: Right-Justified Data ......................... 71 Figure 6.7. ADC Window Compare Example: Left-Justified Data ........................... 71 Figure 6.8. ADC0 Multiplexer Block Diagram .......................................................... 72 Figure 7.1. Temperature Sensor Transfer Function ................................................ 74 Figure 8.1. Voltage Reference Functional Block Diagram ....................................... 75 Figure 9.1. Comparator Functional Block Diagram ................................................. 77 Figure 9.2. Comparator Hysteresis Plot .................................................................. 78 Figure 9.3. Comparator Input Multiplexer Block Diagram ........................................ 85 Figure 10.1. External Capacitors for Voltage Regulator Input/Output—Regulator Enabled ............................................................................................................... 89 Figure 10.2. External Capacitors for Voltage Regulator Input/Output—Regulator Disabled ..................................................................... 90 Figure 11.1. CIP-51 Block Diagram ......................................................................... 92 Figure 12.1. C8051F58x/F59x Memory Map ......................................................... 102 Figure 12.2. Flash Program Memory Map ............................................................. 103 Figure 12.3. Address Memory Map for Instruction Fetches ................................... 103 Figure 13.1. SFR Page Stack ................................................................................ 107 Figure 13.2. SFR Page Stack While Using SFR Page 0x0 To Access SPI0DAT . 108 Figure 13.3. SFR Page Stack After CAN0 Interrupt Occurs .................................. 109 Rev 1.5 9 C8051F58x/F59x Figure 13.4. SFR Page Stack Upon PCA Interrupt Occurring During a CAN0 ISR 110 Figure 13.5. SFR Page Stack Upon Return From PCA Interrupt .......................... 111 Figure 13.6. SFR Page Stack Upon Return From CAN0 Interrupt ........................ 112 Figure 15.1. Flash Program Memory Map ............................................................. 141 Figure 17.1. Reset Sources ................................................................................... 152 Figure 17.2. Power-On and VDD Monitor Reset Timing ....................................... 153 Figure 19.1. Oscillator Options .............................................................................. 176 Figure 19.2. Example Clock Multiplier Output ....................................................... 181 Figure 19.3. External 32.768 kHz Quartz Crystal Oscillator Connection Diagram 186 Figure 20.1. Port I/O Functional Block Diagram .................................................... 189 Figure 20.2. Port I/O Cell Block Diagram .............................................................. 190 Figure 20.3. Peripheral Availability on Port I/O Pins .............................................. 193 Figure 20.4. Crossbar Priority Decoder in Example Configuration ........................ 194 Figure 21.1. LIN Block Diagram ............................................................................ 214 Figure 22.1. Typical CAN Bus Configuration ......................................................... 231 Figure 22.2. CAN Controller Diagram .................................................................... 232 Figure 22.3. Four segments of a CAN Bit .............................................................. 234 Figure 23.1. SMBus Block Diagram ...................................................................... 239 Figure 23.2. Typical SMBus Configuration ............................................................ 240 Figure 23.3. SMBus Transaction ........................................................................... 241 Figure 23.4. Typical SMBus SCL Generation ........................................................ 243 Figure 23.5. Typical Master Write Sequence ........................................................ 250 Figure 23.6. Typical Master Read Sequence ........................................................ 251 Figure 23.7. Typical Slave Write Sequence .......................................................... 252 Figure 23.8. Typical Slave Read Sequence .......................................................... 253 Figure 24.1. UART0 Block Diagram ...................................................................... 256 Figure 24.2. UART0 Timing Without Parity or Extra Bit ......................................... 258 Figure 24.3. UART0 Timing With Parity ................................................................ 258 Figure 24.4. UART0 Timing With Extra Bit ............................................................ 258 Figure 24.5. Typical UART Interconnect Diagram ................................................. 259 Figure 24.6. UART Multi-Processor Mode Interconnect Diagram ......................... 260 Figure 26.1. SPI Block Diagram ............................................................................ 272 Figure 26.2. Multiple-Master Mode Connection Diagram ...................................... 275 Figure 26.3. 3-Wire Single Master and 3-Wire Single Slave Mode Connection Diagram 275 Figure 26.4. 4-Wire Single Master Mode and 4-Wire Slave Mode Connection Diagram 275 Figure 26.5. Master Mode Data/Clock Timing ....................................................... 277 Figure 26.6. Slave Mode Data/Clock Timing (CKPHA = 0) ................................... 278 Figure 26.7. Slave Mode Data/Clock Timing (CKPHA = 1) ................................... 278 Figure 26.8. SPI Master Timing (CKPHA = 0) ....................................................... 282 Figure 26.9. SPI Master Timing (CKPHA = 1) ....................................................... 282 Figure 26.10. SPI Slave Timing (CKPHA = 0) ....................................................... 283 Figure 26.11. SPI Slave Timing (CKPHA = 1) ....................................................... 283 Figure 27.1. T0 Mode 0 Block Diagram ................................................................. 288 10 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Figure 27.2. T0 Mode 2 Block Diagram ................................................................. 289 Figure 27.3. T0 Mode 3 Block Diagram ................................................................. 290 Figure 27.4. Timer 2 16-Bit Mode Block Diagram ................................................. 295 Figure 27.5. Timer 2 8-Bit Mode Block Diagram ................................................... 296 Figure 27.6. Timer 2 External Oscillator Capture Mode Block Diagram ................ 297 Figure 27.7. Timer 3 16-Bit Mode Block Diagram ................................................. 301 Figure 27.8. Timer 3 8-Bit Mode Block Diagram ................................................... 302 Figure 27.9. Timer 3 External Oscillator Capture Mode Block Diagram ................ 303 Figure 27.10. Timer 4 and 5 Capture Mode Block Diagram .................................. 308 Figure 27.11. Timer 4 and 5 Auto Reload and Toggle Mode Block Diagram ........ 309 Figure 28.1. PCA0 Block Diagram ......................................................................... 314 Figure 28.2. PCA0 Counter/Timer Block Diagram ................................................. 315 Figure 28.3. PCA0 Interrupt Block Diagram .......................................................... 316 Figure 28.4. PCA0 Capture Mode Diagram ........................................................... 318 Figure 28.5. PCA0 Software Timer Mode Diagram ............................................... 319 Figure 28.6. PCA0 High-Speed Output Mode Diagram ......................................... 320 Figure 28.7. PCA0 Frequency Output Mode ......................................................... 321 Figure 28.8. PCA0 8-Bit PWM Mode Diagram ...................................................... 322 Figure 28.9. PCA0 9, 10 and 11-Bit PWM Mode Diagram .................................... 323 Figure 28.10. PCA0 16-Bit PWM Mode ................................................................. 324 Figure 28.11. PCA0 Module 5 with Watchdog Timer Enabled .............................. 325 Figure 29.1. PCA1 Block Diagram ......................................................................... 333 Figure 29.2. PCA1 Counter/Timer Block Diagram ................................................. 334 Figure 29.3. PCA1 Interrupt Block Diagram .......................................................... 335 Figure 29.4. PCA1 Capture Mode Diagram ........................................................... 337 Figure 29.5. PCA1 Software Timer Mode Diagram ............................................... 338 Figure 29.6. PCA1 High-Speed Output Mode Diagram ......................................... 339 Figure 29.7. PCA1 Frequency Output Mode ......................................................... 340 Figure 29.8. PCA1 8-Bit PWM Mode Diagram ...................................................... 342 Figure 29.9. PCA1 9, 10 and 11-Bit PWM Mode Diagram .................................... 343 Figure 29.10. PCA1 16-Bit PWM Mode ................................................................. 344 Figure 30.1. Typical C2 Pin Sharing ...................................................................... 355 Rev 1.5 11 C8051F58x/F59x List of Tables Table 2.1. Product Selection Guide ......................................................................... 23 Table 3.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F58x/F59x ................................................. 24 Table 4.1. QFP-48 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 32 Table 4.2. QFP-48 Landing Diagram Dimensions ................................................... 33 Table 4.3. QFN-48 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 34 Table 4.4. QFN-48 Landing Diagram Dimensions ................................................... 35 Table 4.5. QFN-40 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 36 Table 4.6. QFN-40 Landing Diagram Dimensions ................................................... 37 Table 4.7. QFP-32 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 38 Table 4.8. QFP-32 Landing Diagram Dimensions ................................................... 39 Table 4.9. QFN-32 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 40 Table 4.10. QFN-32 Landing Diagram Dimensions ................................................. 41 Table 5.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings .................................................................... 42 Table 5.2. Global Electrical Characteristics ............................................................. 43 Table 5.3. Port I/O DC Electrical Characteristics ..................................................... 47 Table 5.4. Reset Electrical Characteristics .............................................................. 48 Table 5.5. Flash Electrical Characteristics .............................................................. 48 Table 5.6. Internal High-Frequency Oscillator Electrical Characteristics ................. 49 Table 5.7. Clock Multiplier Electrical Specifications ................................................ 50 Table 5.8. Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics .......................................... 50 Table 5.9. ADC0 Electrical Characteristics .............................................................. 51 Table 5.10. Temperature Sensor Electrical Characteristics .................................... 52 Table 5.11. Voltage Reference Electrical Characteristics ....................................... 52 Table 5.12. Comparator 0, 1 and 2 Electrical Characteristics ................................. 53 Table 11.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary (Prefetch-Enabled) ........................... 94 Table 13.1. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map for  Pages 0x00, 0x10, and 0x0F .............................................................. 117 Table 13.2. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map for Page 0x0C .......... 119 Table 13.3. Special Function Registers ................................................................. 120 Table 14.1. Interrupt Summary .............................................................................. 128 Table 15.1. Flash Security Summary .................................................................... 141 Table 18.1. EMIF Pinout (C8051F580/1/4/5) ......................................................... 158 Table 18.2. EMIF Pinout (C8051F588/9-F590/1) .................................................. 159 Table 18.3. AC Parameters for External Memory Interface ................................... 173 Table 20.1. Port I/O Assignment for Analog Functions ......................................... 189 Table 20.2. Port I/O Assignment for Digital Functions ........................................... 189 Table 20.3. Port I/O Assignment for External Digital Event Capture Functions .... 190 Table 21.1. Baud Rate Calculation Variable Ranges ............................................ 213 Table 21.2. Manual Baud Rate Parameters Examples ......................................... 215 Table 21.3. Autobaud Parameters Examples ........................................................ 216 Table 21.4. LIN Registers* (Indirectly Addressable) .............................................. 221 Table 22.1. Background System Information ........................................................ 231 Table 22.2. Standard CAN Registers and Reset Values ....................................... 234 Rev 1.5 12 C8051F58x/F59x Table 23.1. SMBus Clock Source Selection .......................................................... 241 Table 23.2. Minimum SDA Setup and Hold Times ................................................ 242 Table 23.3. Sources for Hardware Changes to SMB0CN ..................................... 246 Table 23.4. SMBus Status Decoding ..................................................................... 252 Table 24.1. Baud Rate Generator Settings for Standard Baud Rates ................... 255 Table 25.1. Timer Settings for Standard Baud Rates  Using The Internal 24 MHz Oscillator ................................................. 269 Table 26.1. SPI Slave Timing Parameters ............................................................ 282 Table 28.1. PCA0 Timebase Input Options ........................................................... 313 Table 28.2. PCA0CPM and PCA0PWM Bit Settings for  PCA0 Capture/Compare Modules ...................................................... 315 Table 28.3. Watchdog Timer Timeout Intervals1 ................................................... 324 Table 29.1. PCA1 Timebase Input Options ........................................................... 332 Table 29.2. PCA1CPM and PCA1PWM Bit Settings for  PCA1 Capture/Compare Modules ...................................................... 334 13 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x List of Registers SFR Definition 6.4. ADC0CF: ADC0 Configuration ...................................................... 65 SFR Definition 6.5. ADC0H: ADC0 Data Word MSB .................................................... 66 SFR Definition 6.6. ADC0L: ADC0 Data Word LSB ...................................................... 66 SFR Definition 6.7. ADC0CN: ADC0 Control ................................................................ 67 SFR Definition 6.8. ADC0TK: ADC0 Tracking Mode Select ......................................... 68 SFR Definition 6.9. ADC0GTH: ADC0 Greater-Than Data High Byte .......................... 69 SFR Definition 6.10. ADC0GTL: ADC0 Greater-Than Data Low Byte .......................... 69 SFR Definition 6.11. ADC0LTH: ADC0 Less-Than Data High Byte .............................. 70 SFR Definition 6.12. ADC0LTL: ADC0 Less-Than Data Low Byte ............................... 70 SFR Definition 6.13. ADC0MX: ADC0 Channel Select ................................................. 73 SFR Definition 8.1. REF0CN: Reference Control ......................................................... 76 SFR Definition 9.1. CPT0CN: Comparator0 Control ..................................................... 79 SFR Definition 9.2. CPT0MD: Comparator0 Mode Selection ....................................... 80 SFR Definition 9.3. CPT1CN: Comparator1 Control ..................................................... 81 SFR Definition 9.4. CPT1MD: Comparator1 Mode Selection ....................................... 82 SFR Definition 9.5. CPT2CN: Comparator2 Control ..................................................... 83 SFR Definition 9.6. CPT2MD: Comparator2 Mode Selection ....................................... 84 SFR Definition 9.7. CPT0MX: Comparator0 MUX Selection ........................................ 86 SFR Definition 9.8. CPT1MX: Comparator1 MUX Selection ........................................ 87 SFR Definition 9.9. CPT2MX: Comparator2 MUX Selection ........................................ 88 SFR Definition 10.1. REG0CN: Regulator Control ........................................................ 90 SFR Definition 11.1. DPL: Data Pointer Low Byte ........................................................ 98 SFR Definition 11.2. DPH: Data Pointer High Byte ....................................................... 98 SFR Definition 11.3. SP: Stack Pointer ......................................................................... 99 SFR Definition 11.4. ACC: Accumulator ....................................................................... 99 SFR Definition 11.5. B: B Register ................................................................................ 99 SFR Definition 11.6. PSW: Program Status Word ...................................................... 100 SFR Definition 11.7. SNn: Serial Number n ................................................................ 101 SFR Definition 12.1. PSBANK: Program Space Bank Select ..................................... 104 SFR Definition 13.1. SFR0CN: SFR Page Control ..................................................... 113 SFR Definition 13.2. SFRPAGE: SFR Page ............................................................... 114 SFR Definition 13.3. SFRNEXT: SFR Next ................................................................ 115 SFR Definition 13.4. SFRLAST: SFR Last .................................................................. 116 SFR Definition 14.1. IE: Interrupt Enable .................................................................... 130 SFR Definition 14.2. IP: Interrupt Priority .................................................................... 131 SFR Definition 14.3. EIE1: Extended Interrupt Enable 1 ............................................ 132 SFR Definition 14.4. EIP1: Extended Interrupt Priority 1 ............................................ 133 SFR Definition 14.5. EIE2: Extended Interrupt Enable 2 ............................................ 134 SFR Definition 14.6. EIP2: Extended Interrupt Priority Enabled 2 .............................. 135 SFR Definition 14.7. IT01CF: INT0/INT1 Configuration .............................................. 137 SFR Definition 15.1. PSCTL: Program Store R/W Control ......................................... 143 SFR Definition 15.2. FLKEY: Flash Lock and Key ...................................................... 144 SFR Definition 15.3. FLSCL: Flash Scale ................................................................... 145 Rev 1.5 14 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 15.4. CCH0CN: Cache Control ........................................................... 146 SFR Definition 15.5. ONESHOT: Flash Oneshot Period ............................................ 146 SFR Definition 16.1. PCON: Power Control ................................................................ 149 SFR Definition 17.1. VDM0CN: VDD Monitor Control ................................................ 153 SFR Definition 17.2. RSTSRC: Reset Source ............................................................ 155 SFR Definition 18.1. EMI0CN: External Memory Interface Control ............................ 160 SFR Definition 18.2. EMI0CF: External Memory Configuration .................................. 161 SFR Definition 18.3. EMI0TC: External Memory Timing Control ................................ 166 SFR Definition 19.1. CLKSEL: Clock Select ............................................................... 175 SFR Definition 19.2. OSCICN: Internal Oscillator Control .......................................... 177 SFR Definition 19.3. OSCICRS: Internal Oscillator Coarse Calibration ...................... 178 SFR Definition 19.4. OSCIFIN: Internal Oscillator Fine Calibration ............................ 178 SFR Definition 19.5. CLKMUL: Clock Multiplier .......................................................... 180 SFR Definition 19.6. OSCXCN: External Oscillator Control ........................................ 182 SFR Definition 20.1. XBR0: Port I/O Crossbar Register 0 .......................................... 194 SFR Definition 20.2. XBR1: Port I/O Crossbar Register 1 .......................................... 195 SFR Definition 20.3. XBR2: Port I/O Crossbar Register 2 .......................................... 196 SFR Definition 20.4. XBR3: Port I/O Crossbar Register 3 .......................................... 197 SFR Definition 20.5. P0MASK: Port 0 Mask Register ................................................. 198 SFR Definition 20.6. P0MAT: Port 0 Match Register .................................................. 198 SFR Definition 20.7. P1MASK: Port 1 Mask Register ................................................. 199 SFR Definition 20.8. P1MAT: Port 1 Match Register .................................................. 199 SFR Definition 20.9. P2MASK: Port 2 Mask Register ................................................. 200 SFR Definition 20.10. P2MAT: Port 2 Match Register ................................................ 200 SFR Definition 20.11. P3MASK: Port 3 Mask Register ............................................... 201 SFR Definition 20.12. P3MAT: Port 3 Match Register ................................................ 201 SFR Definition 20.13. P0: Port 0 ................................................................................. 202 SFR Definition 20.14. P0MDIN: Port 0 Input Mode ..................................................... 203 SFR Definition 20.15. P0MDOUT: Port 0 Output Mode .............................................. 203 SFR Definition 20.16. P0SKIP: Port 0 Skip ................................................................. 204 SFR Definition 20.17. P1: Port 1 ................................................................................. 204 SFR Definition 20.18. P1MDIN: Port 1 Input Mode ..................................................... 205 SFR Definition 20.19. P1MDOUT: Port 1 Output Mode .............................................. 205 SFR Definition 20.20. P1SKIP: Port 1 Skip ................................................................. 206 SFR Definition 20.21. P2: Port 2 ................................................................................. 206 SFR Definition 20.22. P2MDIN: Port 2 Input Mode ..................................................... 207 SFR Definition 20.23. P2MDOUT: Port 2 Output Mode .............................................. 207 SFR Definition 20.24. P2SKIP: Port 2 Skip ................................................................. 208 SFR Definition 20.25. P3: Port 3 ................................................................................. 208 SFR Definition 20.26. P3MDIN: Port 3 Input Mode ..................................................... 209 SFR Definition 20.27. P3MDOUT: Port 3 Output Mode .............................................. 209 SFR Definition 20.28. P3SKIP: Port 3Skip .................................................................. 210 SFR Definition 20.29. P4: Port 4 ................................................................................. 210 SFR Definition 20.30. P4MDOUT: Port 4 Output Mode .............................................. 211 SFR Definition 21.1. LIN0ADR: LIN0 Indirect Address Register ................................. 219 15 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 21.2. LIN0DAT: LIN0 Indirect Data Register ....................................... 219 SFR Definition 21.3. LIN0CF: LIN0 Control Mode Register ........................................ 220 SFR Definition 22.1. CAN0CFG: CAN Clock Configuration ........................................ 236 SFR Definition 23.1. SMB0CF: SMBus Clock/Configuration ...................................... 243 SFR Definition 23.2. SMB0CN: SMBus Control .......................................................... 245 SFR Definition 23.3. SMB0DAT: SMBus Data ............................................................ 247 SFR Definition 24.1. SCON0: Serial Port 0 Control .................................................... 259 SFR Definition 24.2. SMOD0: Serial Port 0 Control .................................................... 260 SFR Definition 24.3. SBUF0: Serial (UART0) Port Data Buffer .................................. 261 SFR Definition 24.4. SBCON0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Control ...................... 261 SFR Definition 24.6. SBRLL0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Reload Low Byte ........ 262 SFR Definition 24.5. SBRLH0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Reload High Byte ....... 262 SFR Definition 25.1. SCON1: Serial Port 1 Control .................................................... 267 SFR Definition 25.2. SBUF1: Serial (UART1) Port Data Buffer .................................. 268 SFR Definition 26.1. SPI0CFG: SPI0 Configuration ................................................... 277 SFR Definition 26.2. SPI0CN: SPI0 Control ............................................................... 278 SFR Definition 26.3. SPI0CKR: SPI0 Clock Rate ....................................................... 279 SFR Definition 26.4. SPI0DAT: SPI0 Data ................................................................. 279 SFR Definition 27.1. CKCON: Clock Control .............................................................. 284 SFR Definition 27.2. TCON: Timer Control ................................................................. 289 SFR Definition 27.3. TMOD: Timer Mode ................................................................... 290 SFR Definition 27.4. TL0: Timer 0 Low Byte ............................................................... 291 SFR Definition 27.5. TL1: Timer 1 Low Byte ............................................................... 291 SFR Definition 27.6. TH0: Timer 0 High Byte ............................................................. 292 SFR Definition 27.7. TH1: Timer 1 High Byte ............................................................. 292 SFR Definition 27.8. TMR2CN: Timer 2 Control ......................................................... 296 SFR Definition 27.9. TMR2RLL: Timer 2 Reload Register Low Byte .......................... 297 SFR Definition 27.10. TMR2RLH: Timer 2 Reload Register High Byte ...................... 297 SFR Definition 27.11. TMR2L: Timer 2 Low Byte ....................................................... 298 SFR Definition 27.12. TMR2H Timer 2 High Byte ....................................................... 298 SFR Definition 27.13. TMR3CN: Timer 3 Control ....................................................... 302 SFR Definition 27.14. TMR3RLL: Timer 3 Reload Register Low Byte ........................ 303 SFR Definition 27.15. TMR3RLH: Timer 3 Reload Register High Byte ...................... 303 SFR Definition 27.16. TMR3L: Timer 3 Low Byte ....................................................... 304 SFR Definition 27.17. TMR3H Timer 3 High Byte ....................................................... 304 SFR Definition 27.18. TMRnCN: Timer 4 and 5 Control ............................................. 308 SFR Definition 27.19. TMRnCF: Timer 4 and 5 Configuration .................................... 309 SFR Definition 27.20. TMRnCAPL: Timer 4 and 5 Capture Register Low Byte ......... 310 SFR Definition 27.21. TMRnCAPH: Timer 4 and 5 Capture Register High Byte ........ 310 SFR Definition 27.22. TMRnL: Timer 4 and 5 Low Byte ............................................. 311 SFR Definition 27.23. TMRnH Timer 4 and 5 High Byte ............................................. 311 SFR Definition 28.1. PCA0CN: PCA0 Control ............................................................ 325 SFR Definition 28.2. PCA0MD: PCA0 Mode .............................................................. 326 SFR Definition 28.3. PCA0PWM: PCA0 PWM Configuration ..................................... 327 SFR Definition 28.4. PCA0CPMn: PCA0 Capture/Compare Mode ............................ 328 Rev 1.5 16 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 28.5. PCA0L: PCA0 Counter/Timer Low Byte .................................... 329 SFR Definition 28.6. PCA0H: PCA0 Counter/Timer High Byte ................................... 329 SFR Definition 28.7. PCA0CPLn: PCA0 Capture Module Low Byte ........................... 330 SFR Definition 28.8. PCA0CPHn: PCA0 Capture Module High Byte ......................... 330 SFR Definition 29.1. PCA1CN: PCA1 Control ............................................................ 343 SFR Definition 29.2. PCA1MD: PCA1 Mode .............................................................. 344 SFR Definition 29.3. PCA1PWM: PCA1 PWM Configuration ..................................... 345 SFR Definition 29.4. PCA1CPMn: PCA1 Capture/Compare Mode ............................ 346 SFR Definition 29.5. PCA1L: PCA1 Counter/Timer Low Byte .................................... 347 SFR Definition 29.6. PCA1H: PCA1 Counter/Timer High Byte ................................... 347 SFR Definition 29.7. PCA1CPLn: PCA1 Capture Module Low Byte ........................... 348 SFR Definition 29.8. PCA1CPHn: PCA1 Capture Module High Byte ......................... 348 17 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 1. System Overview C8051F58x/F59x devices are fully integrated mixed-signal System-on-a-Chip MCUs. Highlighted features are listed below. Refer to Table 2.1 for specific product feature selection and part ordering numbers.   High-speed pipelined 8051-compatible microcontroller core (up to 50 MIPS) In-system, full-speed, non-intrusive debug interface (on-chip) Controller Area Network (CAN 2.0B) Controller with 32 message objects, each with its own indentifier mask (C8051F580/2/4/6/8-F590) LIN 2.1 peripheral (fully backwards compatible, master and slave modes) (C8051F580/2/4/6/8-F590) True 12-bit 200 ksps 32-channel single-ended ADC with analog multiplexer Precision programmable 24 MHz internal oscillator that is within ±0.5% across the temperature range and for VDD voltages greater than or equal to the on-chip voltage regulator minimum output at the low setting. The oscillator is within +1.0% for VDD voltages below this minimum output setting. On-chip Clock Multiplier to reach up to 50 MHz 128 kB (C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9) or 96 kB (C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1) of on-chip Flash memory 8448 bytes of on-chip RAM SMBus/I2C, Two Enhanced UARTs, and Enhanced SPI serial interfaces implemented in hardware Six general-purpose 16-bit timers External Data Memory Interface (C8051F580/1/4/5) with 64 kB address space Two Programmable Counter/Timer Array (PCA) modules with six capture/compare modules each and one with a Watchdog Timer function Three Voltage Comparators On-chip Voltage Regulator On-chip Power-On Reset, VDD Monitor, and Temperature Sensor  40, 33 or 25 Port I/O (5 V push-pull)               With an on-chip Voltage Regulator, Power-On Reset and VDD monitors, Watchdog Timer, and clock oscillator, the C8051F58x/F59x devices are truly stand-alone System-on-a-Chip solutions. The Flash memory can be reprogrammed even in-circuit, providing non-volatile data storage, and also allowing field upgrades of the 8051 firmware. User software has complete control of all peripherals, and may individually shut down any or all peripherals for power savings. The on-chip Silicon Labs 2-Wire (C2) Development Interface allows non-intrusive (uses no on-chip resources), full speed, in-circuit debugging using the production MCU installed in the final application. This debug logic supports inspection and modification of memory and registers, setting breakpoints, single stepping, run and halt commands. All analog and digital peripherals are fully functional while debugging using C2. The two C2 interface pins can be shared with user functions, allowing in-system debugging without occupying package pins. The devices are specified for 1.8 V to 5.25 V operation over the automotive temperature range (–40 to +125 °C). The Port I/O and RST pins can interface to 5 V logic by setting the VIO pin to 5 V. The C8051F580/1/4/5 devices are available in 48-pin QFP and QFN packages, and the C8051F588/9-F590/1 devices are available in a 40-pin QFN package, and the C8051F582/3/6/7 devices are available in 32-pin QFP and QFN packages. All package options are lead-free and RoHS compliant. See Table 2.1 for ordering information. Block diagrams are included in Figure 1.1 and Figure 1.3. Rev 1.5 18 C8051F58x/F59x VIO Power On Reset Reset C2CK/RST C2D VREGIN Port I/O Configuration CIP-51 8051 Controller Core Debug / Programming Hardware Port 1 Drivers P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 Port 2 Drivers P2.0 P2.1 P2.2 P2.3 P2.4 P2.5 P2.6 P2.7 Port 3 Drivers P3.0 P3.1 P3.2 P3.3 P3.4 P3.5 P3.6 P3.7 Port 4 Drivers P4.0 P4.1 P4.2 P4.3 P4.4 P4.5 P4.6 P4.7 Digital Peripherals 128 or 96 kB Flash Program Memory UART0 256 Byte RAM Timers 0, 1,2,3,4,5 8 kB XRAM 2x6 channel PCA/WDT UART1 Priority Crossbar Decoder LIN 2.1 Voltage Regulator (LDO) CAN 2.0B SPI VDD I2C GND System Clock Setup SFR Bus Crossbar Control External Memory Interface XTAL1 XTAL2 Internal Oscillator *On F580/4 devices Analog Peripherals External Oscillator Voltage Reference Clock Multiplier VDD VREF VREF A M U X 12-bit 200ksps ADC CP0, CP0A Comparator 0 VDD VREF P0 – P3 Temp Sensor GND + - CP1, CP1A Comparator 1 VDDA CP2, CP2A GNDA Comparator 2 + - Figure 1.1. C8051F580/1/4/5 Block Diagram 19 Port 0 Drivers P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3 P0.4 P0.5 P0.6 P0.7 Rev 1.5 + - C8051F58x/F59x VIO Power On Reset Reset C2CK/RST Debug / Programming Hardware C2D VREGIN Port I/O Configuration CIP-51 8051 Controller Core Port 0 Drivers P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3 P0.4 P0.5 P0.6 P0.7 Port 1 Drivers P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 Port 2 Drivers P2.0 P2.1 P2.2 P2.3 P2.4 P2.5 P2.6 P2.7 Port 3 Drivers P3.0 P3.1 P3.2 P3.3 P3.4 P3.5 P3.6 P3.7 Digital Peripherals 128 or 96 kB Flash Program Memory UART0 256 Byte RAM Timers 0, 1,2,3,4,5 8 kB XRAM 2x6 channel PCA/WDT UART1 Priority Crossbar Decoder LIN 2.1 Voltage Regulator (LDO) CAN 2.0B SPI VDD I2C GND System Clock Setup Internal Oscillator SFR Bus Crossbar Control External Memory Interface XTAL1 XTAL2 *On F588, F590 devices External Oscillator Analog Peripherals Clock Multiplier Voltage Reference VDD VREF VREF VDD A M U X 12-bit 200ksps ADC CP0, CP0A Comparator 0 VREF P0 – P3 Temp Sensor GND CP1, CP1A VDDA Comparator 1 CP2, CP2A GNDA Comparator 2 Port 4 Driver + - P4.0 / C2D + - + - Figure 1.2. C8051F588/9-F590/1 Block Diagram Rev 1.5 20 C8051F58x/F59x VIO Power On Reset Reset C2CK/RST Debug / Programming Hardware C2D VREGIN Port I/O Configuration CIP-51 8051 Controller Core Port 1 Drivers P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 Port 2 Drivers P2.0 P2.1 P2.2 P2.3 P2.4 P2.5 P2.6 P2.7 Digital Peripherals 128 or 96 kB Flash Program Memory UART0 256 Byte RAM Timers 0, 1,2,3,4,5 8 kB XRAM 2x6 channel PCA/WDT UART1 Priority Crossbar Decoder LIN 2.1 Voltage Regulator (LDO) CAN 2.0B SPI VDD I2C GND System Clock Setup Internal Oscillator SFR Bus Crossbar Control XTAL1 XTAL2 *On F582, F586 devices External Oscillator Analog Peripherals Clock Multiplier Voltage Reference VDD Port 3 Drivers VREF VREF VDD A M U X 12-bit 200ksps ADC CP0, CP0A Comparator 0 VREF P0–P2, P3.0 Temp Sensor GND + - CP1, CP1A VDDA Comparator 1 CP2, CP2A GNDA Comparator 2 + - + - Figure 1.3. C8051F582/3/6/7 Block Diagram 21 Port 0 Drivers P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3 P0.4 P0.5 P0.6 P0.7 Rev 1.5 P3.0 / C2D C8051F58x/F59x 2. Ordering Information The following features are common to all devices in this family:  50 MHz system clock and 50 MIPS throughput (peak)  8448 bytes of RAM (256 internal bytes and 8192 XRAM bytes         SMBus/I2C, Enhanced SPI, Two UARTs Six Timers 12 Programmable Counter Array channels 12-bit, 200 ksps ADC Internal 24 MHz oscillator Internal Voltage Regulator Internal Voltage Reference and Temperature Sensor Three Analog Comparators  Table 2.1 shows the feature that differentiate the devices in this family. Rev 1.5 22 C8051F58x/F59x Package External Memory Interface Digital Port I/Os LIN2.1 CAN2.0B Flash Memory (kB) Ordering Part Number Package External Memory Interface Digital Port I/Os LIN2.1 CAN2.0B Flash Memory (kB) Ordering Part Number Table 2.1. Product Selection Guide C8051F580-IQ 128   40  QFP-48 C8051F585-IQ 96 — — 40  QFP-48 C8051F580-IM 128   40  QFN-48 C8051F585-IM 96 — — 40  QFN-48 C8051F581-IQ 128 — — 40  QFP-48 C8051F586-IQ 96   25 — QFP-32 C8051F581-IM 128 — — 40  QFN-48 C8051F586-IM 96   25 — QFN-32 C8051F582-IQ 128   25 — QFP-32 C8051F587-IQ 96 — — 25 — QFP-32 C8051F582-IM 128   25 — QFN-32 C8051F587-IM 96 — — 25 — QFN-32 C8051F583-IQ 128 — — 25 — QFP-32 C8051F588-IM 128   33  QFN-40 C8051F583-IM 128 — — 25 — QFN-32 C8051F589-IM 128 — — 33  QFN-40 C8051F584-IQ 96   40  QFP-48 C8051F590-IM 96   33  QFN-40 C8051F584-IM 96   40  QFN-48 C8051F591-IM 96 — — 33  QFN-40 Note: The suffix of the part number indicates the device rating and the package. All devices are RoHS compliant.  All of these devices are also available in an automotive version. For the automotive version, the -I in the ordering part number is replaced with -A. For example, the automotive version of the C8051F580-IM is the C8051F580-AM. The -AM and -AQ devices receive full automotive quality production status, including AEC-Q100 qualification, registration with International Material Data System (IMDS) and Part Production Approval Process (PPAP) documentation. PPAP documentation is available at www.silabs.com with a registered and NDA approved user account. The -AM and -AQ devices enable high volume automotive OEM applications with their enhanced testing and processing. Please contact Silicon Labs sales for more information regarding  –AM and -AQ devices for your automotive project. 23 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 3. Pin Definitions Table 3.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F58x/F59x Name Pin F580/1/4/5 Pin F582/3/6/7 (48-pin) Pin F588/9F590/1 (40-pin) VDD 4 4 4 Digital Supply Voltage. Must be connected. GND 6 6 6 Digital Ground. Must be connected. VDDA 5 5 5 Analog Supply Voltage. Must be connected. GNDA 7 7 7 Analog Ground. Must be connected. VREGIN 3 3 3 Voltage Regulator Input VIO 2 2 2 Port I/O Supply Voltage. Must be connected. RST/ 12 10 10 Type Description (32-pin) C2CK D I/O Device Reset. Open-drain output of internal POR or VDD Monitor. An external source can initiate a system reset by driving this pin low. D I/O Clock signal for the C2 Debug Interface. Bi-directional data signal for the C2 Debug Interface. C2D 11 — — D I/O P4.0/ — 9 — D I/O or A In Port 4.0. See SFR Definition 20.29 for a description. C2D P3.0/ D I/O — 9 C2D Bi-directional data signal for the C2 Debug Interface. D I/O or A In Port 3.0. See SFR Definition 20.25 for a description. D I/O Bi-directional data signal for the C2 Debug Interface. P0.0 8 8 8 D I/O or A In Port 0.0. See SFR Definition 20.13 for a description. P0.1 1 1 1 D I/O or A In Port 0.1 P0.2 48 40 32 D I/O or A In Port 0.2 P0.3 47 39 31 D I/O or A In Port 0.3 P0.4 46 38 30 D I/O or A In Port 0.4 P0.5 45 37 29 D I/O or A In Port 0.5 Rev 1.5 24 C8051F58x/F59x Table 3.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F58x/F59x (Continued) Name Pin F582/3/6/7 (48-pin) Pin F588/9F590/1 (40-pin) P0.6 44 36 28 D I/O or A In Port 0.6 P0.7 43 35 27 D I/O or A In Port 0.7 P1.0 42 34 26 D I/O or A In Port 1.0. See SFR Definition 20.17 for a description. P1.1 41 33 25 D I/O or A In Port 1.1. P1.2 40 32 24 D I/O or A In Port 1.2. P1.3 39 31 23 D I/O or A In Port 1.3. P1.4 38 30 22 D I/O or A In Port 1.4. P1.5 37 29 21 D I/O or A In Port 1.5. P1.6 36 28 20 D I/O or A In Port 1.6. P1.7 35 27 19 D I/O or A In Port 1.7. P2.0 34 26 18 D I/O or A In Port 2.0. See SFR Definition 20.21 for a description. P2.1 33 25 17 D I/O or A In Port 2.1. P2.2 32 24 16 D I/O or A In Port 2.2. P2.3 31 23 15 D I/O or A In Port 2.3. P2.4 30 22 14 D I/O or A In Port 2.4. P2.5 29 21 13 D I/O or A In Port 2.5. P2.6 28 20 12 D I/O or A In Port 2.6. P2.7 27 19 11 D I/O or A In Port 2.7. P3.0 26 18 — D I/O or A In Port 3.0. See SFR Definition 20.25 for a description. P3.1 25 17 — D I/O or A In Port 3.1. P3.2 24 16 — D I/O or A In Port 3.2. P3.3 23 15 — D I/O or A In Port 3.3. P3.4 22 14 — D I/O or A In Port 3.4. P3.5 21 13 — D I/O or A In Port 3.5. P3.6 20 12 — D I/O or A In Port 3.6. 25 Pin F580/1/4/5 Type Description (32-pin) Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 3.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F58x/F59x (Continued) Name Pin F580/1/4/5 Pin F582/3/6/7 (48-pin) Pin F588/9F590/1 (40-pin) P3.7 19 11 — P4.0 18 — — D I/O Port 4.0. See SFR Definition 20.29 for a description. P4.1 17 — — D I/O Port 4.1. P4.2 16 — — D I/O Port 4.2. P4.3 15 — — D I/O Port 4.3. P4.4 14 — — D I/O Port 4.4. P4.5 13 — — D I/O Port 4.5. P4.6 10 — — D I/O Port 4.6. P4.7 9 — — D I/O Port 4.7. Type Description (32-pin) D I/O or A In Port 3.7. Rev 1.5 26 P0.2 / XTAL1 P0.3 / XTAL2 P0.4 / UART0 TX P0.5 / UART0 RX P0.6 / CAN TX P0.7 / CAN RX P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 C8051F58x/F59x P0.1 / CNVSTR 1 36 P1.6 VIO 2 35 P1.7 VREGIN 3 34 P2.0 VDD 4 33 P2.1 VDDA 5 32 P2.2 GND 6 31 P2.3 GNDA 7 30 P2.4 P0.0 / VREF 8 29 P2.5 P4.7 9 28 P2.6 P4.6 10 27 P2.7 C2D 11 26 P3.0 RST / C2CK 12 25 P3.1 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 P3.7 P3.6 P3.5 P3.4 P3.3 P3.2 16 P4.2 P4.0 15 P4.3 17 14 P4.4 P4.1 13 P4.5 C8051F580-IQ C8051F581-IQ C8051F584-IQ C8051F585-IQ Top View Figure 3.1. QFP-48 Pinout Diagram (Top View) 27 Rev 1.5 P0.2 / XTAL1 P0.3 / XTAL2 P0.4 / UART0 TX P0.5 / UART0 RX P0.6 / CAN TX P0.7 / CAN RX P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 C8051F58x/F59x P0.1 / CNVSTR 1 36 P1.6 VIO 2 35 P1.7 VREGIN 3 34 P2.0 VDD 4 33 P2.1 VDDA 5 32 P2.2 GND 6 31 P2.3 GNDA 7 30 P2.4 P0.0 / VREF 8 29 P2.5 P4.7 9 28 P2.6 P4.6 10 27 P2.7 C2D 11 26 P3.0 RST/C2CK 12 25 P3.1 C8051F580-IM C8051F581-IM C8051F584-IM C8051F585-IM Top View 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 P3.7 P3.6 P3.5 P3.4 P3.3 P3.2 16 P4.2 P4.0 15 P4.3 17 14 P4.4 P4.1 13 P4.5 GND Figure 3.2. QFN-48 Pinout Diagram (Top View) Rev 1.5 28 P0.2 / XTAL1 P0.3 / XTAL2 P0.4 / UART0 TX P0.5 / UART0 RX P0.6 / CAN TX P0.7 / CAN RX P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 C8051F58x/F59x 6 25 P2.1 GNDA 7 24 P2.2 P0.0 / VREF 8 GND 23 P2.3 P4.0 / C2D 9 22 P2.4 RST / C2CK 10 21 P2.5 20 GND P2.6 P2.0 19 26 P2.7 5 18 VDDA P3.0 P1.7 17 27 P3.1 4 16 P1.6 P3.2 28 VDD C8051F588-IM C8051F589-IM C8051F590-IM C8051F591-IM Top View 15 3 P3.3 VREGIN 14 P1.5 P3.4 29 13 2 P3.5 VIO 12 P1.4 P3.6 30 11 1 P3.7 P0.1 / CNVSTR Figure 3.3. QFN-40 Pinout Diagram (Top View) 29 Rev 1.5 P0.2 / XTAL1 P0.3 / XTAL2 P0.4 / UART0 TX P0.5 / UART0 RX P0.6 / CAN TX P0.7 / CAN RX P1.0 P1.1 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 C8051F58x/F59x P0.1 / CNVSTR 1 24 P1.2 VIO 2 23 P1.3 VREGIN 3 22 P1.4 VDD 4 21 P1.5 VDDA 5 20 P1.6 GND 6 19 P1.7 GNDA 7 18 P2.0 P0.0 / VREF 8 17 P2.1 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 P3.0 / C2D RST / C2CK P2.7 P2.6 P2.5 P2.4 P2.3 P2.2 C8051F582-IQ C8051F583-IQ C8051F586-IQ C8051F587-IQ Top View Figure 3.4. QFP-32 Pinout Diagram (Top View) Rev 1.5 30 P0.2 / XTAL1 P0.3 / XTAL2 P0.4 / UART0 TX P0.5 / UART0 RX P0.6 / CAN TX P0.7 / CAN RX P1.0 P1.1 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 C8051F58x/F59x P0.1 / CNVSTR 1 24 P1.2 VIO 2 23 P1.3 VREGIN 3 22 P1.4 VDD 4 21 P1.5 VDDA 5 20 P1.6 GND 6 19 P1.7 GNDA 7 18 P2.0 P0.0 / VREF 8 17 P2.1 C8051F582-IM C8051F583-IM C8051F586-IM C8051F587-IM Top View 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 P3.0 / C2D RST / C2CK P2.7 P2.6 P2.5 P2.4 P2.3 P2.2 GND Figure 3.5. QFN-32 Pinout Diagram (Top View) 31 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 4. Package Specifications 4.1. QFP-48 Package Specifications Figure 4.1. QFP-48 Package Drawing Table 4.1. QFP-48 Package Dimensions Dimension Min Typ Max Dimension A A1 A2 b c D D1 e — 0.05 0.95 0.17 0.09 — — 1.00 0.22 — 9.00 BSC. 7.00 BSC. 0.50 BSC. 1.20 0.15 1.05 0.27 0.20 E E1 L aaa bbb ccc ddd  Min 0.45 0° Typ 9.00 BSC. 7.00 BSC. 0.60 0.20 0.20 0.08 0.08 3.5° Max 0.75 7° Notes: 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994. 3. This drawing conforms to the JEDEC outline MS-026, variation ABC. 4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. Rev 1.5 32 C8051F58x/F59x Figure 4.2. QFP-48 Landing Diagram Table 4.2. QFP-48 Landing Diagram Dimensions Dimension Min Max Dimension Min Max C1 8.30 8.40 X1 0.20 0.30 C2 8.30 8.40 Y1 1.40 1.50 E 0.50 BSC Notes: General 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines. Solder Mask Design 3. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad. Stencil Design 4. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure good solder paste release. 5. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils). 6. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads. Card Assembly 7. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended. 8. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. 33 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 4.2. QFN-48 Package Specifications Figure 4.3. QFN-48 Package Drawing Table 4.3. QFN-48 Package Dimensions Dimension Min Typ Max Dimension Min Typ Max A A1 b D D2 e E 0.80 0.00 0.18 0.90 0.23 7.00 BSC 4.00 0.50 BSC 7.00 BSC 1.00 0.05 0.30 E2 L L1 aaa bbb ddd eee 3.90 0.30 0.00 — — — — 4.00 0.40 — — — — — 4.10 0.50 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.08 3.90 4.10 Notes: 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994. 3. This drawing conforms to JEDEC outline MO-220, variation VKKD-4 except for features D2 and L which are toleranced per supplier designation. 4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. Rev 1.5 34 C8051F58x/F59x Figure 4.4. QFN-48 Landing Diagram Table 4.4. QFN-48 Landing Diagram Dimensions Dimension Min Max Dimension Min Max C1 6.80 6.90 X2 4.00 4.10 C2 6.80 6.90 Y1 0.75 0.85 Y2 4.00 4.10 e X1 0.50 BSC 0.20 0.30 Notes: General 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. Dimension and Tolerancing is per the ANSI Y14.5M-1994 specification. 3. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-SM-7351 guidelines. 4. All dimensions shown are at Maximum Material Condition (MMC). Least Material Condition (LMC) is calculated based on a Fabrication Allowance of 0.05 mm. Solder Mask Design 5. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad. Stencil Design 6. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure good solder paste release. 7. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils). 8. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads. 9. A 3x3 array of 1.20 mm x 1.10mm openings on a 1.40 mm pitch should be used for the center pad. Card Assembly 10. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended. 11. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. 35 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 4.3. QFN-40 Package Specifications Figure 4.5. Typical QFN-40 Package Drawing Table 4.5. QFN-40 Package Dimensions Dimension Min Typ Max Dimension Min Typ Max A A1 b D D2 e E 0.80 0.00 0.18 0.85 0.90 0.05 0.28 E2 L L1 aaa bbb ddd eee 4.00 0.35 4.10 0.40 4.20 0.45 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.08 4.00 0.23 6.00 BSC 4.10 0.50 BSC 6.00 BSC 4.20 Notes: 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994. 3. This drawing conforms to JEDEC Solid State Outline MO-220, variation VJJD-5, except for features A, D2, and E2 which are toleranced per supplier designation. 4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. Rev 1.5 36 C8051F58x/F59x Figure 4.6. QFN-40 Landing Diagram Table 4.6. QFN-40 Landing Diagram Dimensions Dimension Min Max Dimension Min Max C1 5.80 5.90 X2 4.10 4.20 C2 5.80 5.90 Y1 0.75 0.85 Y2 4.10 4.20 e X1 0.50 BSC 0.15 0.25 Notes: General 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. Dimension and Tolerancing is per the ANSI Y14.5M-1994 specification. 3. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-SM-7351 guidelines. 4. All dimensions shown are at Maximum Material Condition (MMC). Least Material Condition (LMC) is calculated based on a Fabrication Allowance of 0.05 mm. Solder Mask Design 5. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad. Stencil Design 6. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure good solder paste release. 7. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils). 8. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads. 9. A 4x4 array of 0.80 mm square openings on a 1.05 mm pitch should be used for the center ground pad. Card Assembly 10. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended. 11. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. 37 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 4.4. QFP-32 Package Specifications Figure 4.7. QFP-32 Package Drawing Table 4.7. QFP-32 Package Dimensions Dimension A A1 A2 b c D D1 e Min — 0.05 1.35 0.30 0.09 Typ — — 1.40 0.37 — 9.00 BSC. 7.00 BSC. 0.80 BSC. Max 1.60 0.15 1.45 0.45 0.20 Dimension E E1 L aaa bbb ccc ddd  Min 0.45 0° Typ 9.00 BSC. 7.00 BSC. 0.60 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.20 3.5° Max 0.75 7° Notes: 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994. 3. This drawing conforms to the JEDEC outline MS-026, variation BBA. 4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. Rev 1.5 38 C8051F58x/F59x Figure 4.8. QFP-32 Package Drawing Table 4.8. QFP-32 Landing Diagram Dimensions Dimension Min Max Dimension Min Max C1 8.40 8.50 X1 0.40 0.50 C2 8.40 8.50 Y1 1.25 1.35 E 0.80 BSC Notes: General 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines. Solder Mask Design 3. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the metal pad is to be 60m minimum, all the way around the pad. Stencil Design 4. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure good solder paste release. 5. The stencil thickness should be 0.125mm (5 mils). 6. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads. Card Assembly 7. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended. 8. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. 39 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 4.5. QFN-32 Package Specifications Figure 4.9. QFN-32 Package Drawing Table 4.9. QFN-32 Package Dimensions Dimension Min Typ Max Dimension Min Typ Max A A1 b D D2 e E 0.80 0.00 0.18 0.9 0.02 0.25 5.00 BSC. 3.30 0.50 BSC. 5.00 BSC. 1.00 0.05 0.30 E2 L L1 aaa bbb ddd eee 3.20 0.30 0.00 — — — — 3.30 0.40 — — — — — 3.40 0.50 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.08 3.20 3.40 Notes: 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994. 3. This drawing conforms to the JEDEC Solid State Outline MO-220, variation VGGD except for custom features D2, E2, and L which are toleranced per supplier designation. 4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. Rev 1.5 40 C8051F58x/F59x Figure 4.10. QFN-32 Package Drawing Table 4.10. QFN-32 Landing Diagram Dimensions Dimension Min Max Dimension Min Max C1 4.80 4.90 X2 3.20 3.40 C2 4.80 4.90 Y1 0.75 0.85 Y2 3.20 3.40 e X1 0.50 BSC 0.20 0.30 Notes: General 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines. Solder Mask Design 3. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the metal pad is to be 60 m minimum, all the way around the pad. Stencil Design 4. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished— stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure good solder paste release. 5. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils). 6. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads. 7. A 3x3 array of 1.0 mm openings on a 1.20 mm pitch should be used for the center ground pad. Card Assembly 8. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended. 9. The recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components. 41 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 5. Electrical Characteristics 5.1. Absolute Maximum Specifications Table 5.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units Ambient Temperature under Bias –55 — 135 °C Storage Temperature –65 — 150 °C Voltage on VREGIN with Respect to GND –0.3 — 5.5 V Voltage on VDD with Respect to GND –0.3 — 2.8 V Voltage on VDDA with Respect to GND –0.3 — 2.8 V Voltage on VIO with Respect to GND –0.3 — 5.5 V Voltage on any Port I/O Pin or RST with Respect to GND –0.3 — VIO + 0.3 V Maximum Total Current through VREGIN or GND — — 500 mA Maximum Output Current Sunk by RST or any Port Pin — — 100 mA Maximum Output Current Sourced by any Port Pin — — 100 mA Note: Stresses outside of the range of the “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the devices at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Rev 1.5 42 C8051F58x/F59x 5.2. Electrical Characteristics Table 5.2. Global Electrical Characteristics –40 to +125 °C, 24 MHz system clock unless otherwise specified. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units 1.8 — 5.25 V System Clock < 25 MHz VRST1 — 2.75 System Clock > 25 MHz 2 Supply Input Voltage (VREGIN) Digital Supply Voltage (VDD) Analog Supply Voltage (VDDA) System Clock < 25 MHz (Must be connected to VDD) System Clock > 25 MHz Digital Supply RAM Data Retention Voltage VRST1 2.75 — 2 V 2.75 2.75 V — 1.5 — 1.82 — 5.25 V SYSCLK (System Clock)3 0 — 50 MHz TSYSH (SYSCLK High Time) 9 — — ns TSYSL (SYSCLK Low Time) 9 — — ns –40 — +125 °C Port I/O Supply Voltage (VIO) Normal Operation Specified Operating Temperature Range Digital Supply Current—CPU Active (Normal Mode, fetching instructions from Flash) IDD4 VDD = 2.1 V, F = 200 kHz — 150 — µA VDD = 2.1 V, F = 1.5 MHz — 650 — µA VDD = 2.1 V, F = 25 MHz — 8.5 11 mA VDD = 2.1 V, F = 50 MHz — 15 21 mA Notes: 1. Given in Table 5.4 on page 48. 2. VIO should not be lower than the VDD voltage. 3. SYSCLK must be at least 32 kHz to enable debugging. 4. Based on device characterization data; Not production tested. Does not include oscillator supply current. 5. IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 15 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate IDD for >15 MHz, the estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency sensitivity number. For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 20 MHz, IDD = 21 mA - (50 MHz 20 MHz) * 0.46 mA/MHz = 7.2 mA. 6. Idle IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 1 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate Idle IDD for >1 MHz, the estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency sensitivity number.  For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 5 MHz, Idle IDD = 19 mA – (50 MHz – 5 MHz) x 0.38 mA/MHz = 1.9 mA. 43 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.2. Global Electrical Characteristics (Continued) –40 to +125 °C, 24 MHz system clock unless otherwise specified. Parameter IDD Conditions 4 IDD Supply Sensitivity4 IDD Frequency Sensitivity 4,5 Min Typ Max Units VDD = 2.6 V, F = 200 kHz — 220 — µA VDD = 2.6 V, F = 1.5 MHz — 920 — µA VDD = 2.6 V, F = 25 MHz — 12 21 mA VDD = 2.6 V, F = 50 MHz — 21 33 mA F = 25 MHz — 69 — %/V F = 1 MHz — 75 — %/V VDD = 2.1V, F < 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C — 0.44 — mA/MHz VDD = 2.1V, F > 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C — 0.35 — mA/MHz VDD = 2.6V, F < 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C — 0.62 — mA/MHz VDD = 2.6V, F > 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C — 0.46 — mA/MHz Notes: 1. Given in Table 5.4 on page 48. 2. VIO should not be lower than the VDD voltage. 3. SYSCLK must be at least 32 kHz to enable debugging. 4. Based on device characterization data; Not production tested. Does not include oscillator supply current. 5. IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 15 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate IDD for >15 MHz, the estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency sensitivity number. For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 20 MHz, IDD = 21 mA - (50 MHz 20 MHz) * 0.46 mA/MHz = 7.2 mA. 6. Idle IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 1 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate Idle IDD for >1 MHz, the estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency sensitivity number.  For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 5 MHz, Idle IDD = 19 mA – (50 MHz – 5 MHz) x 0.38 mA/MHz = 1.9 mA. Rev 1.5 44 C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.2. Global Electrical Characteristics (Continued) –40 to +125 °C, 24 MHz system clock unless otherwise specified. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units Digital Supply Current—CPU Inactive (Idle Mode, not fetching instructions from Flash) IDD4 IDD4 IDD Supply Sensitivity4 IDD Frequency Sensitivity 4.6 Digital Supply Current4 (Stop or Suspend Mode) VDD = 2.1 V, F = 200 kHz — 130 — µA VDD = 2.1 V, F = 1.5 MHz — 440 — µA VDD = 2.1 V, F = 25 MHz — 5.8 8.0 mA VDD = 2.1 V, F = 50 MHz — 11 16 mA VDD = 2.6 V, F = 200 kHz — 170 — µA VDD = 2.6 V, F = 1.5 MHz — 570 — µA VDD = 2.6 V, F = 25 MHz — 7.3 15 mA VDD = 2.6 V, F = 50 MHz — 15 25 mA F = 25 MHz — 53 — F = 1 MHz — 60 — VDD = 2.1V, F < 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C — 0.28 — VDD = 2.1V, F > 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C — 0.28 — VDD = 2.6V, F < 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C — 0.35 — VDD = 2.6V, F > 12.5 MHz, T = 25 °C — 0.35 — Temp = 25 °C — 230 — Temp = 60 °C — 230 — Temp= 125 °C — 330 — %/V mA/MHz Oscillator not running, VDD Monitor Disabled µA Notes: 1. Given in Table 5.4 on page 48. 2. VIO should not be lower than the VDD voltage. 3. SYSCLK must be at least 32 kHz to enable debugging. 4. Based on device characterization data; Not production tested. Does not include oscillator supply current. 5. IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 15 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate IDD for >15 MHz, the estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency sensitivity number. For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 20 MHz, IDD = 21 mA - (50 MHz 20 MHz) * 0.46 mA/MHz = 7.2 mA. 6. Idle IDD can be estimated for frequencies < 1 MHz by simply multiplying the frequency of interest by the frequency sensitivity number for that range. When using these numbers to estimate Idle IDD for >1 MHz, the estimate should be the current at 50 MHz minus the difference in current indicated by the frequency sensitivity number.  For example: VDD = 2.6 V; F = 5 MHz, Idle IDD = 19 mA – (50 MHz – 5 MHz) x 0.38 mA/MHz = 1.9 mA. 45 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Figure 5.1. Maximum System Clock Frequency vs. VDD Voltage Note: With system clock frequencies greater than 25 MHz, the VDD monitor level should be set to the high threshold (VDMLVL = 1b in SFR VDM0CN) to prevent undefined CPU operation. The high threshold should only be used with an external regulator powering VDD directly. See Figure 10.2 on page 90 for the recommended power supply connections. Rev 1.5 46 C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.3. Port I/O DC Electrical Characteristics VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified. Parameters Conditions Output High Voltage IOH = –3 mA, Port I/O push-pull IOH = –10 µA, Port I/O push-pull IOH = –10 mA, Port I/O push-pull Output Low Voltage VIO = 1.8 V: IOL = 70 µA IOL = 8.5 mA VIO = 2.7 V: IOL = 70 µA IOL = 8.5 mA VIO = 5.25 V: IOL = 70 µA IOL = 8.5 mA Min VIO – 0.4 VIO – 0.02 — Typ — — VIO – 0.7 Max — — — — — — — 50 750 — — — — 45 550 — — — — 40 400 Units V mV Input High Voltage VREGIN = 5.25 V 0.7 x VIO — — V Input Low Voltage VREGIN = 2.7 V — — 0.3 x VIO V Weak Pullup Off — — 2 Weak Pullup On, VIO = 2.1 V,  VIN = 0 V, VDD = 1.8 V — 6 9 Input Leakage  Current 47 Weak Pullup On, VIO = 2.6 V,  VIN = 0 V, VDD = 2.6 V — 16 22 Weak Pullup On, VIO = 5.0 V,  VIN = 0 V, VDD = 2.6 V — 45 115 Rev 1.5 µA C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.4. Reset Electrical Characteristics –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified. Parameter Min Typ Max Units — — 40 mV RST Input High Voltage 0.7 x VIO — — RST Input Low Voltage — — 0.3 x VIO — 45 115 µA VDD POR Threshold (VRST-LOW) 1.65 1.75 1.80 V VDD POR Threshold (VRST-HIGH) 2.25 2.30 2.45 V — — 1 ms VDD = 2.1 V 200 390 600 VDD = 2.5 V 200 280 600 — 130 160 µs Minimum RST Low Time to  Generate a System Reset 6 — — µs VDD Monitor Turn-on Time — 60 100 µs — — 2 µs — 1 2 µA RST Output Low Voltage RST Input Pullup Current VDD Ramp Time for Power On Conditions VIO = 5.0 V; IOL = 70 µA RST = 0.0 V VDD Ramp 0–1.8 V Time from last system clock rising edge to reset initiation Missing Clock Detector Timeout Reset Time Delay VDD Monitor Settling Time1 Delay between release of any reset source and code  execution at location 0x0000 VDMLVL changes state or VDMCAL registers are written (See 15.1.1) VDD Monitor Supply Current µs 1. Based on device characterization data; Not production tested. Rev 1.5 48 C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.5. Flash Electrical Characteristics VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Units 131072* C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 Flash Size Max C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1 Endurance Bytes 98304 20 k 150 k — Erase/Write Flash Retention 85 °C 10 — — years Erase Cycle Time 25 MHz System Clock 28 30 45 ms Write Cycle Time 25 MHz System Clock 79 84 125 µs VDD Write / Erase operations VRST-HIGH2 — — V Temperature during Programming Operations –I Devices 0 — +125 –A Devices -40 — +125 °C 1. On the 128K Flash devices, 1024 bytes at addresses 0xFC00 to 0xFFFF (Bank 3) are reserved. 2. See Table 5.4 for the VRST-HIGH specification. Table 5.6. Internal High-Frequency Oscillator Electrical Characteristics VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified; Using factory-calibrated settings. Parameter Conditions Oscillator Frequency Min Typ Max Units 2 24 + 0.5% MHz IFCN = 111b; VDD > VREGMIN1 24 – 0.5% 24 IFCN = 111b; VDD < VREGMIN1 24 – 1.0% 242 24 + 1.0% Oscillator Supply Current  (from VDD) Internal Oscillator On OSCICN[7:6] = 11b — 880 1300 µA Internal Oscillator Suspend OSCICN[7:6] = 00b ZTCEN = 1 Temp = 25 °C Temp = 85 °C Temp = 125 °C — — — 300 320 400 — — — µA Wake-up Time From Suspend OSCICN[7:6] = 00b — 1 — µs Power Supply Sensitivity Constant Temperature — 0.13 — %/V Constant Supply TC1 TC2 — — 5.0 –0.65 — — ppm/°C ppm/°C2 3 Temperature Sensitivity 1. VREGMIN is the minimum output of the voltage regulator for its low setting (REG0CN: REG0MD = 0b). See Table 5.9, “Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics,” on page 50 2. This is the average frequency across the operating temperature range 3. Use temperature coefficients TC1 and TC2 to calculate the new internal oscillator frequency using the following equation: f(T) = f0 x (1 + TC1 x (T – T0) + TC2 x (T – T0)2) where f0 is the internal oscillator frequency at 25 °C and T0 is 25 °C. 49 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.7. Clock Multiplier Electrical Specifications VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units Input Frequency (Fcmin) 2 — — MHz Output Frequency — — 50 MHz Power Supply Current — 1.4 1.9 µA Min Typ Max Units 25 MHz Table 5.8. Crystal Oscillator Electrical Characteristics VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified. Parameter Conditions Crystal Frequency 0.02 XOSCMD = 110b Crystal Drive Current XFCN = 000b — 1.3 — µA XFCN = 001b — 3.5 — µA XFCN = 010b — 10 — µA XFCN = 011b — 27 — µA XFCN = 100b — 70 — µA XFCN = 101b — 200 — µA XFCN = 110b — 800 — µA XFCN = 111b — 2.8 — mA Min Typ Max Units 5.25 V mV/mA Table 5.9. Voltage Regulator Electrical Characteristics VDD = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified. Parameter Conditions Input Voltage Range (VREGIN)* Dropout Voltage (VDO) Output Voltage (VDD) 1.8* Maximum Current = 50 mA — 10 — 2.1 V operation (REG0MD = 0) 2.0 2.1 2.25 2.6 V operation (REG0MD = 1) 2.5 2.6 2.75 — 1 9 µA –0.21 — –0.02 V — 0.04 — mV/°C — 450 — µs Bias Current Dropout Indicator Detection Threshold With respect to VDD Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient VREG Settling Time 50 mA load with VREGIN = 2.4 V and VDD load capacitor of 4.8 µF V *Note: The minimum input voltage is 1.8 V or VDD + VDO(max load), whichever is greater. Rev 1.5 50 C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.10. ADC0 Electrical Characteristics VDDA = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C, VREF = 1.5 V (REFSL=0) unless otherwise specified. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units DC Accuracy Resolution 12 Integral Nonlinearity Differential Nonlinearity Offset Guaranteed Monotonic Error1 Full Scale Error Offset Temperature Coefficient bits — ±0.5 ±3 LSB — ±0.5 ±1 LSB –10 –1.6 10 LSB –20 –4.2 20 LSB — –2 — ppm/°C Dynamic performance (10 kHz sine-wave single-ended input, 1 dB below Full Scale, 200 ksps) Signal-to-Noise Plus Distortion 63 66 — dB — 81 — dB — –82 — dB SAR Conversion Clock — — 3.6 MHz Conversion Time in SAR Clocks2 13 — — clocks Total Harmonic Distortion Up to the 5th harmonic Spurious-Free Dynamic Range Conversion Rate Track/Hold Acquisition Time3 VDDA >2.0 V VDDA < 2.0 V 1.5 3.5 — — µs Throughput Rate4 VDDA >2.0 V — — 200 ksps gain = 1.0 (default) gain = n 0 0 — VREF VREF / n V Absolute Pin Voltage with respect to GND 0 — VIO V Sampling Capacitance — 29 — pF Input Multiplexer Impedance — 5 — k — 1100 1500 µA Burst Mode (Idle) — 1100 1500 µA Power-On Time 5 — — µs Power Supply Rejection Ratio — –60 — mV/V Analog Inputs ADC Input Voltage Range5 Power Specifications Power Supply Current  (VDDA supplied to ADC0) Operating Mode, 200 ksps Notes: 1. Represents one standard deviation from the mean. Offset and full-scale error can be removed through calibration. 2. An additional 2 FCLK cycles are required to start and complete a conversion 3. Additional tracking time may be required depending on the output impedance connected to the ADC input. See Section “6.2.1. Settling Time Requirements” on page 59 4. An increase in tracking time will decrease the ADC throughput. 5. See Section “6.3. Selectable Gain” on page 60 for more information about the setting the gain. 51 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.11. Temperature Sensor Electrical Characteristics VDDA = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units Linearity — ± 0.1 — °C Slope — 3.33 — mV/°C Slope Error* — 100 — µV/°C Offset Temp = 0 °C — 856 — mV Offset Error* Temp = 0 °C — 12 — mV Power Supply Current — 22 — µA Tracking Time 12 — — µs *Note: Represents one standard deviation from the mean. Table 5.12. Voltage Reference Electrical Characteristics VDDA = 1.8 to 2.75 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise specified. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units 25 °C ambient (REFLV = 0) 1.45 1.50 1.55 25 °C ambient (REFLV = 1), VDD = 2.6 V 2.15 2.20 2.25 VREF Short-Circuit Current — 5 10 mA VREF Temperature  Coefficient — 22 — ppm/°C Internal Reference (REFBE = 1) Output Voltage V Power Consumption Internal — 30 50 µA Load Regulation Load = 0 to 200 µA to AGND — 3 — µV/µA VREF Turn-on Time 1 4.7 µF and 0.1 µF bypass — 1.5 — ms VREF Turn-on Time 2 0.1 µF bypass — 46 — µs — 1.2 — mV/V 1.5 — VDDA V Sample Rate = 200 ksps; VREF = 1.5 V — 2.5 — µA REFBE = 1 or TEMPE = 1 — 21 40 µA Power Supply Rejection External Reference (REFBE = 0) Input Voltage Range Input Current Power Specifications Reference Bias Generator Rev 1.5 52 C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.13. Comparator 0, 1 and 2 Electrical Characteristics VIO = 1.8 to 5.25 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise noted. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units Response Time: Mode 0, Vcm* = 1.5 V CPn+ – CPn– = 100 mV — 390 — ns CPn+ – CPn– = –100 mV — 430 — ns Response Time: Mode 1, Vcm* = 1.5 V CPn+ – CPn– = 100 mV — 620 — ns CPn+ – CPn– = –100 mV — 690 — ns Response Time: Mode 2, Vcm* = 1.5 V CPn+ – CPn– = 100 mV — 770 — ns CP0+ – CP0– = –100 mV — 860 — ns Response Time: Mode 3, Vcm* = 1.5 V CPn+ – CPn– = 100 mV — 3500 — ns CPn+ – CPn– = –100 mV — 3900 — ns — 1.5 8.9 mV/V Common-Mode Rejection Ratio Positive Hysteresis 1 CPnHYP1–0 = 00 -2 0 2 mV Positive Hysteresis 2 CPnHYP1–0 = 01 2 6 10 mV Positive Hysteresis 3 CPnHYP1–0 = 10 5 11 20 mV Positive Hysteresis 4 CPnHYP1–0 = 11 13 22 40 mV Negative Hysteresis 1 CPnHYN1–0 = 00 –2 0 2 mV Negative Hysteresis 2 CPnHYN1–0 = 01 2 6 10 mV Negative Hysteresis 3 CPnHYN1–0 = 10 5 11 20 mV Negative Hysteresis 4 CPnHYN1–0 = 11 13 22 40 mV –0.25 — VIO + 0.25 V — 8 — pF –10 — +10 mV Power Supply Rejection — 0.33 — mV/V Power-Up Time — 3 — µs Mode 0 — 6.1 20 µA Mode 1 — 3.2 10 µA Mode 2 — 2.5 7.5 µA Mode 3 — 0.5 3 µA Inverting or Non-Inverting Input Voltage Range Input Capacitance Input Offset Voltage Power Supply Supply Current at DC *Note: Vcm is the common-mode voltage on CP0+ and CP0–. 53 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.14. SMBus Peripheral Timing Performance (Master Mode) VIO = 1.8 to 5.25 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise noted. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Standard Mode (100 kHz Class) I2C Operating Frequency fI2C 0 — 702 kHz SMBus Operating Frequency fSMB 401 — 702 µs Bus Free Time Between STOP and START Conditions tBUF 9.4 — — µs Hold Time After (Repeated) START Condition tHD:STA 4.7 — — µs Repeated START Condition Setup Time tSU:STA 9.4 — — µs STOP Condition Setup Time tSU:STO 9.4 — — µs Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 2753 — — µs tSU:DAT 300 3 — — µs tTIMEOUT 25 — — ms Clock Low Period tLOW 4.7 — — µs Clock High Period tHIGH 9.4 — 503 µs I2C Operating Frequency fI2C 0 — 2552 kHz SMBus Operating Frequency fSMB 401 — 2552 µs Bus Free Time Between STOP and START Conditions tBUF 2.6 — — µs Hold Time After (Repeated) START Condition tHD:STA 1.3 — — µs Repeated START Condition Setup Time tSU:STA 2.6 — — µs STOP Condition Setup Time tSU:STO 2.6 — — µs Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 2753 — — ns tSU:DAT 300 3 — — ns tTIMEOUT 25 — — ms Clock Low Period tLOW 1.3 — — µs Clock High Period tHIGH 2.6 — 504 µs Data Setup Time Detect Clock Low Timeout Fast Mode (400 kHz Class) Data Setup Time Detect Clock Low Timeout Rev 1.5 54 C8051F58x/F59x Table 5.14. SMBus Peripheral Timing Performance (Master Mode) VIO = 1.8 to 5.25 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise noted. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Units Notes: 1. The minimum SMBus frequency is limited by the maximum Clock High Period requirement of the SMBus specification. 2. The maximum I2C and SMBus frequencies are limited by the minimum Clock Low Period requirements of their respective specifications. The maximum frequency cannot be achieved with all combinations of oscillators and dividers available, but the effective frequency must not exceed 256 kHz. 3. Data setup and hold timing at SYSCLK equal to 40 MHz or lower with EXTHOLD set to 1. 4. SMBus has a maximum requirement of 50 µs for Clock High Period. Operating frequencies lower than 40 kHz will be longer than 50 µs. I2C can support periods longer than 50 µs. Table 5.15. SMBus Peripheral Timing Formulas (Master Mode) VIO = 1.8 to 5.25 V, –40 to +125 °C unless otherwise noted. Parameter Symbol Clocks SMBus Operating Frequency fSMB fCSO / 3 Bus Free Time Between STOP and START Conditions tBUF 2 / fCSO Hold Time After (Repeated) START Condition tHD:STA 1 / fCSO Repeated START Condition Setup Time tSU:STA 2 / fCSO STOP Condition Setup Time tSU:STO 2 / fCSO Clock Low Period tLOW 1 / fCSO Clock High Period tHIGH 2 / fCSO Notes: 1. fCSO is the SMBus peripheral clock source overflow frequency. ƚ>Kt s/, ^> s/> ƚ,͗^d ƚ,͗d ƚ,/', ƚ^h͗d ƚ^h͗^d ƚ^h͗^dK s/, ^ s/> ƚh& W ^ ^ Figure 5.2. SMBus Timing Diagram 55 Rev 1.5 W C8051F58x/F59x 6. 12-Bit ADC (ADC0) ADC0TK ADC0CN AD0PWR3 AD0PWR2 AD0PWR1 AD0PWR0 AD0TM1 AD0TM0 AD0TK1 AD0TK0 AD0EN BURSTEN AD0INT AD0BUSY AD0WINT AD0LJST AD0CM1 AD0CM0 The ADC0 on the C8051F58x/F59x consists of an analog multiplexer (AMUX0) with 35/28 total input selections and a 200 ksps, 12-bit successive-approximation-register (SAR) ADC with integrated track-and-hold, programmable window detector, programmable attenuation (1:2), and hardware accumulator. The ADC0 subsystem has a special Burst Mode which can automatically enable ADC0, capture and accumulate samples, then place ADC0 in a low power shutdown mode without CPU intervention. The AMUX0, data conversion modes, and window detector are all configurable under software control via the Special Function Registers shows in Figure 6.1. ADC0 inputs are single-ended and may be configured to measure P0.0P3.7, the Temperature Sensor output, VDD, or GND with respect to GND. The voltage reference for ADC0 is selected as described in Section “7. Temperature Sensor” on page 74. ADC0 is enabled when the AD0EN bit in the ADC0 Control register (ADC0CN) is set to logic 1, or when performing conversions in Burst Mode. ADC0 is in low power shutdown when AD0EN is logic 0 and no Burst Mode conversions are taking place. Start Conversion P0.7 P1.0 Burst Mode Oscillator 25 MHz Max P1.7 P2.0 Burst Mode Logic 12-Bit SAR Selectable Gain ADC 35-to-1 AMUX0 P2.7 P3.0 P3.1* Start Conversion ADC0GNH ADC0GNL ADC0GNA 00 AD0BUSY (W) 01 Timer 1 Overflow 10 CNVSTR Input 11 Timer 2 Overflow ADC0L SYSCLK VDD FCLK P0.0 Accumulator AD0TM1:0 AD0PRE AD0POST FCLK REF *Available on 48-pin and 40-pin packages ADC0H ADC0MX4 ADC0MX3 ADC0MX2 ADC0MX1 ADC0MX0 ADC0MX AD0WINT VDD Temp Sensor GND AD0SC4 AD0SC3 AD0SC2 AD0SC1 AD0SC0 AD0RPT1 AD0RPT0 GAINEN P3.7* ADC0LTH ADC0LTL ADC0CF ADC0GTH ADC0GTL 32 Window Compare Logic Figure 6.1. ADC0 Functional Block Diagram Rev 1.5 54 C8051F58x/F59x 6.1. Modes of Operation In a typical system, ADC0 is configured using the following steps: 1. If a gain adjustment is required, refer to Section “6.3. Selectable Gain” on page 60. 2. Choose the start of conversion source. 3. Choose Normal Mode or Burst Mode operation. 4. If Burst Mode, choose the ADC0 Idle Power State and set the Power-Up Time. 5. Choose the tracking mode. Note that Pre-Tracking Mode can only be used with Normal Mode. 6. Calculate the required settling time and set the post convert-start tracking time using the AD0TK bits. 7. Choose the repeat count. 8. Choose the output word justification (Right-Justified or Left-Justified). 9. Enable or disable the End of Conversion and Window Comparator Interrupts. 6.1.1. Starting a Conversion A conversion can be initiated in one of four ways, depending on the programmed states of the ADC0 Start of Conversion Mode bits (AD0CM1–0) in register ADC0CN. Conversions may be initiated by one of the following:  Writing a 1 to the AD0BUSY bit of register ADC0CN A rising edge on the CNVSTR input signal (pin P0.1)  A Timer 1 overflow (i.e., timed continuous conversions)  A Timer 2 overflow (i.e., timed continuous conversions)  Writing a 1 to AD0BUSY provides software control of ADC0 whereby conversions are performed "ondemand.” During conversion, the AD0BUSY bit is set to logic 1 and reset to logic 0 when the conversion is complete. The falling edge of AD0BUSY triggers an interrupt (when enabled) and sets the ADC0 interrupt flag (AD0INT). Note that when polling for ADC conversion completions, the ADC0 interrupt flag (AD0INT) should be used. Converted data is available in the ADC0 data registers, ADC0H:ADC0L, when bit AD0INT is logic 1. When Timer 2 overflows are used as the conversion source, Low Byte overflows are used if Timer2 is in 8-bit mode; High byte overflows are used if Timer 2 is in 16-bit mode. See Section “27. Timers” on page 285 for timer configuration. Important Note About Using CNVSTR: The CNVSTR input pin also functions as Port pin P0.1. When the CNVSTR input is used as the ADC0 conversion source, Port pin P0.1 should be skipped by the Digital Crossbar. To configure the Crossbar to skip P0.1, set to 1 Bit1 in register P0SKIP. See Section “20. Port Input/Output” on page 188 for details on Port I/O configuration. 6.1.2. Tracking Modes Each ADC0 conversion must be preceded by a minimum tracking time for the converted result to be accurate, as shown in Figure 6.1. ADC0 has three tracking modes: Pre-Tracking, Post-Tracking, and DualTracking. Pre-Tracking Mode provides the minimum delay between the convert start signal and end of conversion by tracking continuously before the convert start signal. This mode requires software management in order to meet minimum tracking requirements. In Post-Tracking Mode, a programmable tracking time starts after the convert start signal and is managed by hardware. Dual-Tracking Mode maximizes tracking time by tracking before and after the convert start signal. Figure 6.3 shows examples of the three tracking modes. Pre-Tracking Mode is selected when AD0TM is set to 10b. Conversions are started immediately following the convert start signal. ADC0 is tracking continuously when not performing a conversion. Software must allow at least the minimum tracking time between each end of conversion and the next convert start signal. The minimum tracking time must also be met prior to the first convert start signal after ADC0 is enabled. 55 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Post-Tracking Mode is selected when AD0TM is set to 01b. A programmable tracking time based on AD0TK is started immediately following the convert start signal. Conversions are started after the programmed tracking time ends. After a conversion is complete, ADC0 does not track the input. Rather, the sampling capacitor remains disconnected from the input making the input pin high-impedance until the next convert start signal. Dual-Tracking Mode is selected when AD0TM is set to 11b. A programmable tracking time based on AD0TK is started immediately following the convert start signal. Conversions are started after the programmed tracking time ends. After a conversion is complete, ADC0 tracks continuously until the next conversion is started. Depending on the output connected to the ADC input, additional tracking time, more than is specified in Table 5.10, may be required after changing MUX settings. See the settling time requirements described in Section “6.2.1. Settling Time Requirements” on page 59. Convert Start Pre-Tracking AD0TM = 10 Track Post-Tracking AD0TM= 01 Idle Track Convert Idle Track Convert.. Dual-Tracking AD0TM = 11 Track Track Convert Track Track Convert.. Convert Track Convert ... Figure 6.2. ADC0 Tracking Modes 6.1.3. Timing ADC0 has a maximum conversion speed specified in Table 5.10. ADC0 is clocked from the ADC0 Subsystem Clock (FCLK). The source of FCLK is selected based on the BURSTEN bit. When BURSTEN is logic 0, FCLK is derived from the current system clock. When BURSTEN is logic 1, FCLK is derived from the Burst Mode Oscillator, an independent clock source with a maximum frequency of 25 MHz. When ADC0 is performing a conversion, it requires a clock source that is typically slower than FCLK. The ADC0 SAR conversion clock (SAR clock) is a divided version of FCLK. The divide ratio can be configured using the AD0SC bits in the ADC0CF register. The maximum SAR clock frequency is listed in Table 5.10. ADC0 can be in one of three states at any given time: tracking, converting, or idle. Tracking time depends on the tracking mode selected. For Pre-Tracking Mode, tracking is managed by software and ADC0 starts conversions immediately following the convert start signal. For Post-Tracking and Dual-Tracking Modes, the tracking time after the convert start signal is equal to the value determined by the AD0TK bits plus 2 FCLK cycles. Tracking is immediately followed by a conversion. The ADC0 conversion time is always 13 SAR clock cycles plus an additional 2 FCLK cycles to start and complete a conversion. Figure 6.4 shows timing diagrams for a conversion in Pre-Tracking Mode and tracking plus conversion in Post-Tracking or Dual-Tracking Mode. In this example, repeat count is set to one. Rev 1.5 56 C8051F58x/F59x Convert Start Pre-Tracking Mode Time F S1 S2 ADC0 State ... S12 S13 F Convert AD0INT Flag Post-Tracking or Dual-Tracking Modes (AD0TK = ‘00') Time F S1 ADC0 State S2 F F S1 Track ... S2 S12 S13 F Convert AD0INT Flag Key F Sn Equal to one period of FCLK. Each Sn is equal to one period of the SAR clock. Figure 6.3. 12-Bit ADC Tracking Mode Example 6.1.4. Burst Mode Burst Mode is a power saving feature that allows ADC0 to remain in a very low power state between conversions. When Burst Mode is enabled, ADC0 wakes from a very low power state, accumulates 1, 4, 8, or 16 samples using an internal Burst Mode clock (approximately 25 MHz), then re-enters a very low power state. Since the Burst Mode clock is independent of the system clock, ADC0 can perform multiple conversions then enter a very low power state within a single system clock cycle, even if the system clock is slow (e.g., 32.768 kHz), or suspended. Burst Mode is enabled by setting BURSTEN to logic 1. When in Burst Mode, AD0EN controls the ADC0 idle power state (i.e. the state ADC0 enters when not tracking or performing conversions). If AD0EN is set to logic 0, ADC0 is powered down after each burst. If AD0EN is set to logic 1, ADC0 remains enabled after each burst. On each convert start signal, ADC0 is awakened from its Idle Power State. If ADC0 is powered down, it will automatically power up and wait the programmable Power-Up Time controlled by the AD0PWR bits. Otherwise, ADC0 will start tracking and converting immediately. Figure 6.4 shows an example of Burst Mode Operation with a slow system clock and a repeat count of 4. Important Note: When Burst Mode is enabled, only Post-Tracking and Dual-Tracking modes can be used. When Burst Mode is enabled, a single convert start will initiate a number of conversions equal to the repeat count. When Burst Mode is disabled, a convert start is required to initiate each conversion. In both modes, the ADC0 End of Conversion Interrupt Flag (AD0INT) will be set after “repeat count” conversions have 57 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x been accumulated. Similarly, the Window Comparator will not compare the result to the greater-than and less-than registers until “repeat count” conversions have been accumulated. Note: When using Burst Mode, care must be taken to issue a convert start signal no faster than once every four SYSCLK periods. This includes external convert start signals. System Clock Convert Start (AD0BUSY or Timer Overflow) Post-Tracking AD0TM = 01 AD0EN = 0 Powered Down Power-Up and Idle T C T C T C T C Powered Down Power-Up and Idle T C.. Dual-Tracking AD0TM = 11 AD0EN = 0 Powered Down Power-Up and Track T C T C T C T C Powered Down Power-Up and Track T C.. AD0PWR Post-Tracking AD0TM = 01 AD0EN = 1 Idle T C T C T C T C Idle T C T C T C.. Dual-Tracking AD0TM = 11 AD0EN = 1 Track T C T C T C T C Track T C T C T C.. T = Tracking C = Converting Convert Start (CNVSTR) Post-Tracking AD0TM = 01 AD0EN = 0 Powered Down Power-Up and Idle T C Powered Down Power-Up and Idle T C.. Dual-Tracking AD0TM = 11 AD0EN = 0 Powered Down Power-Up and Track T C Powered Down Power-Up and Track T C.. AD0PWR Post-Tracking AD0TM = 01 AD0EN = 1 Idle T C Idle T C Idle.. Dual-Tracking AD0TM = 11 AD0EN = 1 Track T C Track T C Track.. T = Tracking C = Converting Figure 6.4. 12-Bit ADC Burst Mode Example With Repeat Count Set to 4 Rev 1.5 58 C8051F58x/F59x 6.2. Output Code Formatting The registers ADC0H and ADC0L contain the high and low bytes of the output conversion code. When the repeat count is set to 1, conversion codes are represented in 12-bit unsigned integer format and the output conversion code is updated after each conversion. Inputs are measured from 0 to VREF x 4095/4096. Data can be right-justified or left-justified, depending on the setting of the AD0LJST bit (ADC0CN.2). Unused bits in the ADC0H and ADC0L registers are set to 0. Example codes are shown below for both right-justified and left-justified data. Input Voltage Right-Justified ADC0H:ADC0L (AD0LJST = 0) Left-Justified ADC0H:ADC0L (AD0LJST = 1) VREF x 4095/4096 VREF x 2048/4096 VREF x 2047/4096 0 0x0FFF 0x0800 0x07FF 0x0000 0xFFF0 0x8000 0x7FF0 0x0000 When the ADC0 Repeat Count is greater than 1, the output conversion code represents the accumulated result of the conversions performed and is updated after the last conversion in the series is finished. Sets of 4, 8, or 16 consecutive samples can be accumulated and represented in unsigned integer format. The repeat count can be selected using the AD0RPT bits in the ADC0CF register. The value must be right-justified (AD0LJST = 0), and unused bits in the ADC0H and ADC0L registers are set to 0. The following example shows right-justified codes for repeat counts greater than 1. Notice that accumulating 2n samples is equivalent to left-shifting by n bit positions when all samples returned from the ADC have the same value. Input Voltage Repeat Count = 4 Repeat Count = 8 Repeat Count = 16 VREF x 4095/4096 VREF x 2048/4096 VREF x 2047/4096 0 0x3FFC 0x2000 0x1FFC 0x0000 0x7FF8 0x4000 0x3FF8 0x0000 0xFFF0 0x8000 0x7FF0 0x0000 6.2.1. Settling Time Requirements A minimum tracking time is required before an accurate conversion is performed. This tracking time is determined by any series impedance, including the AMUX0 resistance, the ADC0 sampling capacitance, and the accuracy required for the conversion. Figure 6.5 shows the equivalent ADC0 input circuit. The required ADC0 settling time for a given settling accuracy (SA) may be approximated by Equation 6.1. When measuring the Temperature Sensor output, use the tracking time specified in Table 5.11 on page 52. When measuring VDD with respect to GND, RTOTAL reduces to RMUX. See Table 5.10 for ADC0 minimum settling time requirements as well as the mux impedance and sampling capacitor values. n 2 t = ln  --------  R TOTAL C SAMPLE  SA Equation 6.1. ADC0 Settling Time Requirements Where: SA is the settling accuracy, given as a fraction of an LSB (for example, 0.25 to settle within 1/4 LSB) t is the required settling time in seconds RTOTAL is the sum of the AMUX0 resistance and any external source resistance. n is the ADC resolution in bits (10). 59 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x MUX Select Px.x RMUX CSAMPLE RCInput= RMUX * CSAMPLE Figure 6.5. ADC0 Equivalent Input Circuit 6.3. Selectable Gain ADC0 on the C8051F58x/F59x family of devices implements a selectable gain adjustment option. By writing a value to the gain adjust address range, the user can select gain values between 0 and 1.016. For example, three analog sources to be measured have full-scale outputs of 5.0 V, 4.0 V, and 3.0 V, respectively. Each ADC measurement would ideally use the full dynamic range of the ADC with an internal voltage reference of 1.5 V or 2.2 V (set to 2.2 V for this example). When selecting the first source (5.0 V full-scale), a gain value of 0.44 (5 V full scale x 0.44 = 2.2 V full scale) provides a full-scale signal of 2.2 V when the input signal is 5.0 V. Likewise, a gain value of 0.55 (4 V full scale x 0.55 = 2.2 V full scale) for the second source and 0.73 (3 V full scale x 0.73 = 2.2 V full scale) for the third source provide full-scale ADC0 measurements when the input signal is full-scale. Additionally, some sensors or other input sources have small part-to-part variations that must be accounted for to achieve accurate results. In this case, the programmable gain value could be used as a calibration value to eliminate these part-to-part variations. 6.3.1. Calculating the Gain Value The ADC0 selectable gain feature is controlled by 13 bits in three registers. ADC0GNH contains the 8 upper bits of the gain value and ADC0GNL contains the 4 lower bits of the gain value. The final GAINADD bit (ADC0GNA.0) controls an optional extra 1/64 (0.016) of gain that can be added in addition to the ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL gain. The ADC0GNA.0 bit is set to 1 after a power-on reset. The equivalent gain for the ADC0GNH, ADC0GNL and ADC0GNA registers is as follows: GAIN 1 gain =  --------------- + GAINADD   ------  4096   64 Equation 6.2. Equivalent Gain from the ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL Registers Where: GAIN is the 12-bit word of ADC0GNH[7:0] and ADC0GNL[7:4] GAINADD is the value of the GAINADD bit (ADC0GNA.0) gain is the equivalent gain value from 0 to 1.016 Rev 1.5 60 C8051F58x/F59x For example, if ADC0GNH = 0xFC, ADC0GNL = 0x00, and GAINADD = 1, GAIN = 0xFC0 = 4032, and the resulting equation is as follows: 4032 1 GAIN =  ------------- + 1   ------ = 0.984 + 0.016 = 1.0  4096  64 The table below equates values in the ADC0GNH, ADC0GNL, and ADC0GNA registers to the equivalent gain using this equation. ADC0GNH Value ADC0GNL Value GAINADD Value GAIN Value Equivalent Gain 0xFC (default) 0x7C 0xBC 0x3C 0xFF 0xFF 0x00 (default) 0x00 0x00 0x00 0xF0 0xF0 1 (default) 1 1 1 0 1 4032 + 64 1984 + 64 3008 + 64 960 + 64 4095 + 0 4096 + 64 1.0 (default) 0.5 0.75 0.25 ~1.0 1.016 For any desired gain value, the GAIN registers can be calculated by the following: 1 GAIN =  gain – GAINADD   ------   4096   64  Equation 6.3. Calculating the ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL Values from the Desired Gain Where: GAIN is the 12-bit word of ADC0GNH[7:0] and ADC0GNL[7:4] GAINADD is the value of the GAINADD bit (ADC0GNA.0) gain is the equivalent gain value from 0 to 1.016 When calculating the value of GAIN to load into the ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL registers, the GAINADD bit can be turned on or off to reach a value closer to the desired gain value. For example, the initial example in this section requires a gain of 0.44 to convert 5 V full scale to 2.2 V full scale. Using Equation 6.3: 1 GAIN =  0.44 – GAINADD   ------   4096   64  If GAINADD is set to 1, this makes the equation: 1 GAIN =  0.44 – 1   ------   4096 = 0.424  4096 = 1738 = 0x06CA   64  The actual gain from setting GAINADD to 1 and ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL to 0x6CA is 0.4399. A similar gain can be achieved if GAINADD is set to 0 with a different value for ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL. 61 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 6.3.2. Setting the Gain Value The three programmable gain registers are accessed indirectly using the ADC0H and ADC0L registers when the GAINEN bit (ADC0CF.0) bit is set. ADC0H acts as the address register, and ADC0L is the data register. The programmable gain registers can only be written to and cannot be read. See Gain Register Definition 6.1, Gain Register Definition 6.2, and Gain Register Definition 6.3 for more information. The gain is programmed using the following steps: 1. Set the GAINEN bit (ADC0CF.0) 2. Load the ADC0H with the ADC0GNH, ADC0GNL, or ADC0GNA address. 3. Load ADC0L with the desired value for the selected gain register. 4. Reset the GAINEN bit (ADC0CF.0) Notes: 1. An ADC conversion should not be performed while the GAINEN bit is set. 2. Even with gain enabled, the maximum input voltage must be less than VREGIN and the maximum voltage of the signal after gain must be less than or equal to VREF. In code, changing the value to 0.44 gain from the previous example looks like: // in ‘C’: ADC0CF |= 0x01; ADC0H = 0x04; ADC0L = 0x6C; ADC0H = 0x07; ADC0L = 0xA0; ADC0H = 0x08; ADC0L = 0x01; ADC0CF &= ~0x01; // GAINEN = 1 // Load the ADC0GNH address // Load the upper byte of 0x6CA to ADC0GNH // Load the ADC0GNL address // Load the lower nibble of 0x6CA to ADC0GNL // Load the ADC0GNA address // Set the GAINADD bit // GAINEN = 0 ; in assembly ORL ADC0CF,#01H MOV ADC0H,#04H MOV ADC0L,#06CH MOV ADC0H,#07H MOV ADC0L,#0A0H MOV ADC0H,#08H MOV ADC0L,#01H ANL ADC0CF,#0FEH ; GAINEN = 1 ; Load the ADC0GNH address ; Load the upper byte of 0x6CA to ADC0GNH ; Load the ADC0GNL address ; Load the lower nibble of 0x6CA to ADC0GNL ; Load the ADC0GNA address ; Set the GAINADD bit ; GAINEN = 0 Rev 1.5 62 C8051F58x/F59x Gain Register Definition 6.1. ADC0GNH: ADC0 Selectable Gain High Byte Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name GAINH[7:0] Type W Reset 1 1 1 1 Indirect Address = 0x04; Bit Name 7:0 1 2 1 0 1 0 0 Function GAINH[7:0] ADC0 Gain High Byte. See Section 6.3.1 for details on calculating the value for this register. Note: This register is accessed indirectly; See Section 6.3.2 for details for writing this register. Gain Register Definition 6.2. ADC0GNL: ADC0 Selectable Gain Low Byte Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name GAINL[3:0] Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Type W W W W W 0 0 0 0 Reset 0 0 0 0 Indirect Address = 0x07; Bit Name 7:4 Function GAINL[3:0] ADC0 Gain Lower 4 Bits. See Figure 6.3.1 for details for setting this register. This register is only accessed indirectly through the ADC0H and ADC0L register. 3:0 Reserved Must Write 0000b Note: This register is accessed indirectly; See Section 6.3.2 for details for writing this register. 63 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Gain Register Definition 6.3. ADC0GNA: ADC0 Additional Selectable Gain Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 Name Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Type W W W W W W W W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Indirect Address = 0x08; Bit Name 1 0 Reserved GAINADD Function 7:1 Reserved Reserved. Must Write 0000000b. 0 GAINADD ADC0 Additional Gain Bit. Setting this bit add 1/64 (0.016) gain to the gain value in the ADC0GNH and ADC0GNL registers. Note: This register is accessed indirectly; See Section 6.3.2 for details for writing this register. Rev 1.5 64 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 6.4. ADC0CF: ADC0 Configuration Bit 7 6 5 Name AD0SC[4:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 4 2 1 AD0RPT[1:0] 1 SFR Address = 0xBC; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:3 3 1 0 GAINEN R/W R/W R/W 0 0 0 Function AD0SC[4:0] ADC0 SAR Conversion Clock Period Bits. SAR Conversion clock is derived from system clock by the following equation, where AD0SC refers to the 5-bit value held in bits AD0SC4–0. SAR Conversion clock requirements are given in the ADC specification table BURSTEN = 0: FCLK is the current system clock BURSTEN = 1: FLCLK is a maximum of 30 Mhz, independent of the current system clock.. FCLK AD0SC = -------------------- – 1 CLK SAR Note: Round up the result of the calculation for AD0SC 2:1 A0RPT[1:0] ADC0 Repeat Count. Controls the number of conversions taken and accumulated between ADC0 End of Conversion (ADCINT) and ADC0 Window Comparator (ADCWINT) interrupts. A convert start is required for each conversion unless Burst Mode is enabled. In Burst Mode, a single convert start can initiate multiple self-timed conversions. Results in both modes are accumulated in the ADC0H:ADC0L register. When AD0RPT1–0 are set to a value other than '00', the AD0LJST bit in the ADC0CN register must be set to '0' (right justified). 00: 1 conversion is performed. 01: 4 conversions are performed and accumulated. 10: 8 conversions are performed and accumulated. 11: 16 conversions are performed and accumulated. 0 GAINEN Gain Enable Bit. Controls the gain programming. Refer to Section “6.3. Selectable Gain” on page 60 for information about using this bit. 65 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 6.5. ADC0H: ADC0 Data Word MSB Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name ADC0H[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xBE; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function 7:0 ADC0H[7:0] ADC0 Data Word High-Order Bits. For AD0LJST = 0 and AD0RPT as follows: 00: Bits 3–0 are the upper 4 bits of the 12-bit result. Bits 7–4 are 0000b. 01: Bits 4–0 are the upper 5 bits of the 14-bit result. Bits 7–5 are 000b. 10: Bits 5–0 are the upper 6 bits of the 15-bit result. Bits 7–6 are 00b. 11: Bits 7–0 are the upper 8 bits of the 16-bit result. For AD0LJST = 1 (AD0RPT must be 00): Bits 7–0 are the most-significant bits of the ADC0 12-bit result. SFR Definition 6.6. ADC0L: ADC0 Data Word LSB Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name ADC0L[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xBD; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function ADC0L[7:0] ADC0 Data Word Low-Order Bits. For AD0LJST = 0: Bits 7–0 are the lower 8 bits of the ADC0 Accumulated Result. For AD0LJST = 1 (AD0RPT must be '00'): Bits 7–4 are the lower 4 bits of the 12-bit result. Bits 3–0 are 0000b. Rev 1.5 66 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 6.7. ADC0CN: ADC0 Control Bit 7 6 5 4 Name AD0EN BURSTEN AD0INT Type R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 3 AD0BUSY AD0WINT 2 1 0 AD0LJST AD0CM[1:0] R/W R/W R/W 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xE8; SFR Page = 0x00; Bit-Addressable Bit Name Function 7 AD0EN ADC0 Enable Bit. 0: ADC0 Disabled. ADC0 is in low-power shutdown. 1: ADC0 Enabled. ADC0 is active and ready for data conversions. 6 BURSTEN ADC0 Burst Mode Enable Bit. 0: Burst Mode Disabled. 1: Burst Mode Enabled. 5 AD0INT ADC0 Conversion Complete Interrupt Flag. 0: ADC0 has not completed a data conversion since AD0INT was last cleared. 1: ADC0 has completed a data conversion. 4 AD0BUSY ADC0 Busy Bit. Read: Write: 0: ADC0 conversion is not 0: No Effect. in progress. 1: Initiates ADC0 Conver1: ADC0 conversion is in sion if AD0CM[1:0] = 00b progress. 3 AD0WINT ADC0 Window Compare Interrupt Flag. This bit must be cleared by software 0: ADC0 Window Comparison Data match has not occurred since this flag was last cleared. 1: ADC0 Window Comparison Data match has occurred. 2 AD0LJST ADC0 Left Justify Select Bit. 0: Data in ADC0H:ADC0L registers is right-justified 1: Data in ADC0H:ADC0L registers is left-justified. This option should not be used with a repeat count greater than 1 (when AD0RPT[1:0] is 01b, 10b, or 11b). 1:0 AD0CM[1:0] ADC0 Start of Conversion Mode Select. 00: ADC0 start-of-conversion source is write of 1 to AD0BUSY. 01: ADC0 start-of-conversion source is overflow of Timer 1. 10: ADC0 start-of-conversion source is rising edge of external CNVSTR. 11: ADC0 start-of-conversion source is overflow of Timer 2. 67 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 6.8. ADC0TK: ADC0 Tracking Mode Select Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name AD0PWR[3:0] AD0TM[1:0] AD0TK[1:0] Type R/W R/W R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xBA; SFR Page = 0x00; Bit Name 7:4 1 1 1 1 Function AD0PWR[3:0] ADC0 Burst Power-Up Time. For BURSTEN = 0: ADC0 Power state controlled by AD0EN For BURSTEN = 1, AD0EN = 1: ADC0 remains enabled and does not enter the very low power state For BURSTEN = 1, AD0EN = 0: ADC0 enters the very low power state and is enabled after each convert start signal. The Power-Up time is programmed according the following equation: Tstartup AD0PWR = ------------------------ – 1 or Tstartup =  AD0PWR + 1 200ns 200ns 3:2 AD0TM[1:0] ADC0 Tracking Mode Enable Select Bits. 00: Reserved. 01: ADC0 is configured to Post-Tracking Mode. 10: ADC0 is configured to Pre-Tracking Mode. 11: ADC0 is configured to Dual Tracking Mode. 1:0 AD0TK[1:0] ADC0 Post-Track Time. 00: Post-Tracking time is equal to 2 SAR clock cycles + 2 FCLK cycles. 01: Post-Tracking time is equal to 4 SAR clock cycles + 2 FCLK cycles. 10: Post-Tracking time is equal to 8 SAR clock cycles + 2 FCLK cycles. 11: Post-Tracking time is equal to 16 SAR clock cycles + 2 FCLK cycles. 6.4. Programmable Window Detector The ADC Programmable Window Detector continuously compares the ADC0 output registers to user-programmed limits, and notifies the system when a desired condition is detected. This is especially effective in an interrupt-driven system, saving code space and CPU bandwidth while delivering faster system response times. The window detector interrupt flag (AD0WINT in register ADC0CN) can also be used in polled mode. The ADC0 Greater-Than (ADC0GTH, ADC0GTL) and Less-Than (ADC0LTH, ADC0LTL) registers hold the comparison values. The window detector flag can be programmed to indicate when measured data is inside or outside of the user-programmed limits, depending on the contents of the ADC0 Less-Than and ADC0 Greater-Than registers. Rev 1.5 68 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 6.9. ADC0GTH: ADC0 Greater-Than Data High Byte Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name ADC0GTH[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xC4; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 2 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 Function 7:0 ADC0GTH[7:0] ADC0 Greater-Than Data Word High-Order Bits. SFR Definition 6.10. ADC0GTL: ADC0 Greater-Than Data Low Byte Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name ADC0GTL[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xC3; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 69 1 Function ADC0GTL[7:0] ADC0 Greater-Than Data Word Low-Order Bits. Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 6.11. ADC0LTH: ADC0 Less-Than Data High Byte Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name ADC0LTH[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xC6; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function ADC0LTH[7:0] ADC0 Less-Than Data Word High-Order Bits. SFR Definition 6.12. ADC0LTL: ADC0 Less-Than Data Low Byte Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name ADC0LTL[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xC5; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 0 Function ADC0LTL[7:0] ADC0 Less-Than Data Word Low-Order Bits. 6.4.1. Window Detector In Single-Ended Mode Figure 6.6 shows two example window comparisons for right-justified data with ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL = 0x0200 (512d) and ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL = 0x0100 (256d). The input voltage can range from 0 to VREF x (4095/4096) with respect to GND, and is represented by a 12-bit unsigned integer value. The repeat count is set to one. In the left example, an AD0WINT interrupt will be generated if the ADC0 conversion word (ADC0H:ADC0L) is within the range defined by ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL and ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL (if 0x0100 < ADC0H:ADC0L < 0x0200). In the right example, and AD0WINT interrupt will be generated if the ADC0 conversion word is outside of the range defined by the ADC0GT and ADC0LT registers (if ADC0H:ADC0L < 0x0100 or ADC0H:ADC0L > 0x0200). Figure 6.7 shows an example using left-justified data with the same comparison values. Rev 1.5 70 C8051F58x/F59x ADC0H:ADC0L ADC0H:ADC0L Input Voltage (Px.x - GND) VREF x (4095/4096) Input Voltage (Px.x - GND) 0x0FFF VREF x (1023/ 1024) 0x0FFF AD0WINT not affected AD0WINT=1 0x0201 VREF x (512/4096) 0x0200 0x0201 ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL VREF x (512/4096) 0x01FF 0x0200 0x01FF AD0WINT=1 0x0101 VREF x (256/4096) 0x0100 0x0101 ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL VREF x (256/4096) 0x00FF 0x0100 ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL AD0WINT not affected ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL 0x00FF AD0WINT=1 AD0WINT not affected 0 0x0000 0 0x0000 Figure 6.6. ADC Window Compare Example: Right-Justified Data ADC0H:ADC0L ADC0H:ADC0L Input Voltage (Px.x - GND) VREF x (4095/4096) Input Voltage (Px.x - GND) 0xFFF0 VREF x (4095/4096) 0xFFF0 AD0WINT not affected AD0WINT=1 0x2010 VREF x (512/4096) 0x2000 0x2010 ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL VREF x (512/4096) 0x1FF0 0x2000 0x1FF0 AD0WINT=1 0x1010 VREF x (256/4096) 0x1000 0x1010 ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL VREF x (256/4096) 0x0FF0 0x1000 ADC0GTH:ADC0GTL AD0WINT not affected ADC0LTH:ADC0LTL 0x0FF0 AD0WINT=1 AD0WINT not affected 0 0x0000 0 0x0000 Figure 6.7. ADC Window Compare Example: Left-Justified Data 71 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 6.5. ADC0 Analog Multiplexer ADC0 includes an analog multiplexer to enable multiple analog input sources. Any of the following may be selected as an input: P0.0–P3.7, the on-chip temperature sensor, the core power supply (VDD), or ground (GND). ADC0 is single-ended and all signals measured are with respect to GND. The ADC0 input channels are selected using the ADC0MX register as described in SFR Definition 6.13. ADC0MX5 ADC0MX4 ADC0MX3 ADC0MX2 ADC0MX1 ADC0MX0 ADC0MX P0.0 P0.7 P1.0 P1.7 P2.0 P2.7 AMUX ADC0 P3.0 P3.7 Temp Sensor *P3.1-P3.7 available as inputs on 48-pin and 40-pin packages VDD GND Figure 6.8. ADC0 Multiplexer Block Diagram Important Note About ADC0 Input Configuration: Port pins selected as ADC0 inputs should be configured as analog inputs, and should be skipped by the Digital Crossbar. To configure a Port pin for analog input, set to 0 the corresponding bit in register PnMDIN. To force the Crossbar to skip a Port pin, set to 1 the corresponding bit in register PnSKIP. See Section “20. Port Input/Output” on page 188 for more Port I/O configuration details. Rev 1.5 72 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 6.13. ADC0MX: ADC0 Channel Select Bit Name Type Reset 7 6 5 4 R 0 R 0 1 1 SFR Address = 0xBB; SFR Page = 0x00; Bit Name 3 2 ADC0MX[5:0] R/W 1 1 1 0 1 1 Function 7:6 Unused Read = 00b; Write = Don’t Care. 5:0 AMX0P[5:0] AMUX0 Positive Input Selection. 000000: 000001: 000010: 000011: 000100: 000101: 000110: 000111: 001000: 001001: 001010: 001011: 001100: 001101: 001110: 001111: 010000: 010001: 010010: 010011: 010100: 010101: 010110: 010111: 011000: 011001: 011010: 011011: 011100: 011101: 011110: 011111: 100000–101111: 110000: 110001: 110010–111111: 73 P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3 P0.4 P0.5 P0.6 P0.7 P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 P2.0 P2.1 P2.2 P2.3 P2.4 P2.5 P2.6 P2.7 P3.0 P3.1 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices) P3.2 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices) P3.3 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices) P3.4 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices) P3.5 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices) P3.6 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices) P3.7 (Available on 48-pin and 40-pin package devices) Reserved Temp Sensor VDD GND Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 7. Temperature Sensor An on-chip temperature sensor is included on the C8051F58x/F59x devices which can be directly accessed via the ADC multiplexer in single-ended configuration. To use the ADC to measure the temperature sensor, the ADC multiplexer channel should be configured to connect to the temperature sensor. The temperature sensor transfer function is shown in Figure 7.1. The output voltage (VTEMP) is the positive ADC input is selected by bits AD0MX[4:0] in register ADC0MX. The TEMPE bit in register REF0CN enables/disables the temperature sensor, as described in SFR Definition 8.1. While disabled, the temperature sensor defaults to a high impedance state and any ADC measurements performed on the sensor will result in meaningless data. Refer to Table 5.11 for the slope and offset parameters of the temperature sensor. VTEMP = (Slope x TempC) + Offset TempC = (VTEMP - Offset) / Slope Voltage Slope (V / deg C) Offset (V at 0 Celsius) Temperature Figure 7.1. Temperature Sensor Transfer Function Rev 1.5 74 C8051F58x/F59x 8. Voltage Reference The Voltage reference multiplexer on the C8051F58x/F59x devices is configurable to use an externally connected voltage reference, the on-chip reference voltage generator routed to the VREF pin, or the VDD power supply voltage (see Figure 8.1). The REFSL bit in the Reference Control register (REF0CN, SFR Definition 8.1) selects the reference source for the ADC. For an external source or the on-chip reference, REFSL should be set to 0 to select the VREF pin. To use VDD as the reference source, REFSL should be set to 1. The BIASE bit enables the internal voltage bias generator, which is used by the ADC, Temperature Sensor, and internal oscillator. This bias is automatically enabled when any peripheral which requires it is enabled, and it does not need to be enabled manually. The bias generator may be enabled manually by writing a 1 to the BIASE bit in register REF0CN. The electrical specifications for the voltage reference circuit are given in Table 5.12. The on-chip voltage reference circuit consists of a temperature stable bandgap voltage reference generator and a gain-of-two output buffer amplifier. The output voltage is selectable between 1.5 V and 2.25 V. The on-chip voltage reference can be driven on the VREF pin by setting the REFBE bit in register REF0CN to a 1. The maximum load seen by the VREF pin must be less than 200 µA to GND. Bypass capacitors of 0.1 µF and 4.7 µF are recommended from the VREF pin to GND. If the on-chip reference is not used, the REFBE bit should be cleared to 0. Electrical specifications for the on-chip voltage reference are given in Table 5.12. Important Note about the VREF Pin: When using either an external voltage reference or the on-chip reference circuitry, the VREF pin should be configured as an analog pin and skipped by the Digital Crossbar. Refer to Section “20. Port Input/Output” on page 188 for the location of the VREF pin, as well as details of how to configure the pin in analog mode and to be skipped by the crossbar. REFSL TEMPE BIASE REFBE REF0CN EN VDD External Voltage Reference Circuit R1 Bias Generator To ADC, Internal Oscillators IOSCE N EN VREF Temp Sensor To Analog Mux 0 VREF (to ADC) GND VDD 1 REFBE 4.7F + 0.1F EN Internal Reference Recommended Bypass Capacitors Figure 8.1. Voltage Reference Functional Block Diagram Rev 1.5 75 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 8.1. REF0CN: Reference Control Bit 7 6 Name 5 4 3 2 1 0 ZTCEN REFLV REFSL TEMPE BIASE REFBE Type R R R R R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xD1; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name Function 7:6 Unused Read = 00b; Write = don’t care. 5 ZTCEN Zero Temperature Coefficient Bias Enable Bit. This bit must be set to 1b before entering oscillator suspend mode. 0: ZeroTC Bias Generator automatically enabled when required. 1: ZeroTC Bias Generator forced on. 4 REFLV Voltage Reference Output Level Select. This bit selects the output voltage level for the internal voltage reference 0: Internal voltage reference set to 1.5 V. 1: Internal voltage reference set to 2.20 V. 3 REFSL Voltage Reference Select. This bit selects the ADCs voltage reference. 0: VREF pin used as voltage reference. 1: VDD used as voltage reference. If VDD is selected as the voltage reference and the ADC is enabled in the ADC0CN register, the P0.0/VREF pin cannot operate as a general purpose I/O pin in open-drain mode. With the above settings, this pin can operate in push-pull output mode or as an analog input. 2 TEMPE Temperature Sensor Enable Bit. 0: Internal Temperature Sensor off. 1: Internal Temperature Sensor on. 1 BIASE Internal Analog Bias Generator Enable Bit. 0: Internal Bias Generator off. 1: Internal Bias Generator on. 0 REFBE On-chip Reference Buffer Enable Bit. 0: On-chip Reference Buffer off. 1: On-chip Reference Buffer on. Internal voltage reference driven on the VREF pin. 76 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 9. Comparators The C8051F58x/F59x devices include three on-chip programmable voltage Comparators. A block diagram of the comparators is shown in Figure 9.1, where “n” is the comparator number (0, 1, or 2). The three Comparators operate identically except that Comparator0 can also be used a reset source. Each Comparator offers programmable response time and hysteresis, an analog input multiplexer, and two outputs that are optionally available at the Port pins: a synchronous “latched” output (CP0, CP1, CP2), or an asynchronous “raw” output (CP0A, CP1A, CP2A). The asynchronous signal is available even when the system clock is not active. This allows the Comparators to operate and generate an output with the device in STOP mode. When assigned to a Port pin, the Comparator outputs may be configured as open drain or push-pull (see Section “20.4. Port I/O Initialization” on page 195). Comparator0 may also be used as a reset source (see Section “17.5. Comparator0 Reset” on page 156). The Comparator0 inputs are selected in the CPT0MX register (SFR Definition 9.7). The CMX0P1-CMX0P0 bits select the Comparator0 positive input; the CMX0N1-CMX0N0 bits select the Comparator0 negative input. The Comparator1 inputs are selected in the CPT1MX register (SFR Definition 9.8). The CMX1P1CMX1P0 bits select the Comparator1 positive input; the CMX1N1-CMX1N0 bits select the Comparator1 negative input. The Comparator2 inputs are selected in the CPT2MX register (SFR Definition 9.9). The CMX2P1-CMX2P0 bits select the Comparator1 positive input; the CMX2N1-CMX2N0 bits select the Comparator2 negative input. Important Note About Comparator Inputs: The Port pins selected as Comparator inputs should be configured as analog inputs in their associated Port configuration register, and configured to be skipped by the Crossbar (for details on Port configuration, see Section “20.1. Port I/O Modes of Operation” on page 190). CPTnCN CPnEN CPnOUT CPnRIF CPnFIF CPnHYP1 CPnHYP0 CPnHYN1 CPnHYN0 VIO CPn + Comparator Input Mux + CPn - CPn D - SET CLR Q D Q SET CLR Q Q Crossbar (SYNCHRONIZER) CPnA GND CPTnMD CPnRIE CPnFIE CPnMD1 CPnMD0 Reset Decision Tree CPnRIF CPnFIF 0 CPnEN EA 1 0 0 0 1 1 CPn Interrupt 1 Figure 9.1. Comparator Functional Block Diagram Rev 1.5 77 C8051F58x/F59x Comparator outputs can be polled in software, used as an interrupt source, and/or routed to a Port pin. When routed to a Port pin, Comparator outputs are available asynchronous or synchronous to the system clock; the asynchronous output is available even in STOP mode (with no system clock active). When disabled, the Comparator output (if assigned to a Port I/O pin via the Crossbar) defaults to the logic low state, and the power supply to the comparator is turned off. See Section “20.3. Priority Crossbar Decoder” on page 192 for details on configuring Comparator outputs via the digital Crossbar. Comparator inputs can be externally driven from –0.25 V to (VDD) + 0.25 V without damage or upset. The complete Comparator electrical specifications are given in Table 5.13. The Comparator response time may be configured in software via the CPTnMD registers (see SFR Definition 9.2). Selecting a longer response time reduces the Comparator supply current. See Table 5.13 for complete timing and supply current requirements. VIN+ VIN- CPn+ CPn- + CPn _ OUT CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION Positive Hysteresis Voltage (Programmed with CPnHYP Bits) VIN- INPUTS Negative Hysteresis Voltage (Programmed by CPnHYN Bits) VIN+ VOH OUTPUT VOL Negative Hysteresis Disabled Positive Hysteresis Disabled Maximum Negative Hysteresis Maximum Positive Hysteresis Figure 9.2. Comparator Hysteresis Plot Comparator hysteresis is software-programmable via its Comparator Control register CPTnCN. The amount of negative hysteresis voltage is determined by the settings of the CPnHYN bits. As shown in Figure 9.2, various levels of negative hysteresis can be programmed, or negative hysteresis can be disabled. In a similar way, the amount of positive hysteresis is determined by the setting the CPnHYP bits. Comparator interrupts can be generated on both rising-edge and falling-edge output transitions. (For Interrupt enable and priority control, see “14. Interrupts” .) The CPnFIF flag is set to 1 upon a Comparator falling-edge, and the CPnRIF flag is set to 1 upon the Comparator rising-edge. Once set, these bits remain set until cleared by software. The output state of the Comparator can be obtained at any time by reading the CPnOUT bit. The Comparator is enabled by setting the CPnEN bit to 1, and is disabled by clearing this bit to 0. 78 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Note that false rising edges and falling edges can be detected when the comparator is first powered on or if changes are made to the hysteresis or response time control bits. Therefore, it is recommended that the rising-edge and falling-edge flags be explicitly cleared to logic 0 a short time after the comparator is enabled or its mode bits have been changed. SFR Definition 9.1. CPT0CN: Comparator0 Control Bit 7 6 5 4 Name CP0EN CP0OUT CP0RIF CP0FIF CP0HYP[1:0] CP0HYN[1:0] Type R/W R R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x9A; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7 CP0EN 3 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 Function Comparator0 Enable Bit. 0: Comparator0 Disabled. 1: Comparator0 Enabled. 6 CP0OUT Comparator0 Output State Flag. 0: Voltage on CP0+ < CP0–. 1: Voltage on CP0+ > CP0–. 5 CP0RIF Comparator0 Rising-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software. 0: No Comparator0 Rising Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared. 1: Comparator0 Rising Edge has occurred. 4 CP0FIF Comparator0 Falling-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software. 0: No Comparator0 Falling-Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared. 1: Comparator0 Falling-Edge has occurred. 3:2 CP0HYP[1:0] Comparator0 Positive Hysteresis Control Bits. 00: Positive Hysteresis Disabled. 01: Positive Hysteresis = 5 mV. 10: Positive Hysteresis = 10 mV. 11: Positive Hysteresis = 20 mV. 1:0 CP0HYN[1:0] Comparator0 Negative Hysteresis Control Bits. 00: Negative Hysteresis Disabled. 01: Negative Hysteresis = 5 mV. 10: Negative Hysteresis = 10 mV. 11: Negative Hysteresis = 20 mV. Rev 1.5 79 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 9.2. CPT0MD: Comparator0 Mode Selection Bit 7 6 Name 5 4 CP0RIE CP0FIE 3 2 R R R/W R/W R R Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unused Read = 00b, Write = Don’t Care. 5 CP0RIE Comparator0 Rising-Edge Interrupt Enable. 0: Comparator0 Rising-edge interrupt disabled. 1: Comparator0 Rising-edge interrupt enabled. 4 CP0FIE Comparator0 Falling-Edge Interrupt Enable. 0: Comparator0 Falling-edge interrupt disabled. 1: Comparator0 Falling-edge interrupt enabled. 3:2 Unused Read = 00b, Write = don’t care. 80 R/W 1 Function 7:6 1:0 0 CP0MD[1:0] Type SFR Address = 0x9B; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 1 CP0MD[1:0] Comparator0 Mode Select. These bits affect the response time and power consumption for Comparator0. 00: Mode 0 (Fastest Response Time, Highest Power Consumption) 01: Mode 1 10: Mode 2 11: Mode 3 (Slowest Response Time, Lowest Power Consumption) Rev 1.5 0 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 9.3. CPT1CN: Comparator1 Control Bit 7 6 5 4 Name CP1EN CP1OUT CP1RIF CP1FIF CP1HYP[1:0] CP1HYN[1:0] Type R/W R R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x9D; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7 CP1EN 3 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 Function Comparator1 Enable Bit. 0: Comparator1 Disabled. 1: Comparator1 Enabled. 6 CP1OUT Comparator1 Output State Flag. 0: Voltage on CP1+ < CP1–. 1: Voltage on CP1+ > CP1–. 5 CP1RIF Comparator1 Rising-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software. 0: No Comparator1 Rising Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared. 1: Comparator1 Rising Edge has occurred. 4 CP1FIF Comparator1 Falling-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software. 0: No Comparator1 Falling-Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared. 1: Comparator1 Falling-Edge has occurred. 3:2 CP1HYP[1:0] Comparator1 Positive Hysteresis Control Bits. 00: Positive Hysteresis Disabled. 01: Positive Hysteresis = 5 mV. 10: Positive Hysteresis = 10 mV. 11: Positive Hysteresis = 20 mV. 1:0 CP1HYN[1:0] Comparator1 Negative Hysteresis Control Bits. 00: Negative Hysteresis Disabled. 01: Negative Hysteresis = 5 mV. 10: Negative Hysteresis = 10 mV. 11: Negative Hysteresis = 20 mV. Rev 1.5 81 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 9.4. CPT1MD: Comparator1 Mode Selection Bit 7 6 Name 5 4 CP1RIE CP1FIE 3 2 R R R/W R/W R R Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unused Read = 00b, Write = Don’t Care. 5 CP1RIE Comparator1 Rising-Edge Interrupt Enable. 0: Comparator1 Rising-edge interrupt disabled. 1: Comparator1 Rising-edge interrupt enabled. 4 CP1FIE Comparator1 Falling-Edge Interrupt Enable. 0: Comparator1 Falling-edge interrupt disabled. 1: Comparator1 Falling-edge interrupt enabled. 3:2 Unused Read = 00b, Write = don’t care. 82 R/W 1 Function 7:6 1:0 0 CP1MD[1:0] Type SFR Address = 0x9E; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 1 CP1MD[1:0] Comparator1 Mode Select. These bits affect the response time and power consumption for Comparator1. 00: Mode 0 (Fastest Response Time, Highest Power Consumption) 01: Mode 1 10: Mode 2 11: Mode 3 (Slowest Response Time, Lowest Power Consumption) Rev 1.5 0 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 9.5. CPT2CN: Comparator2 Control Bit 7 6 5 4 Name CP2EN CP2OUT CP2RIF CP2FIF CP2HYP[1:0] CP2HYN[1:0] Type R/W R R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x9A; SFR Page = 0x10 Bit Name 7 CP2EN 3 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 Function Comparator2 Enable Bit. 0: Comparator2 Disabled. 1: Comparator2 Enabled. 6 CP2OUT Comparator2 Output State Flag. 0: Voltage on CP2+ < CP2–. 1: Voltage on CP2+ > CP2–. 5 CP2RIF Comparator2 Rising-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software. 0: No Comparator2 Rising Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared. 1: Comparator2 Rising Edge has occurred. 4 CP2FIF Comparator2 Falling-Edge Flag. Must be cleared by software. 0: No Comparator2 Falling-Edge has occurred since this flag was last cleared. 1: Comparator2 Falling-Edge has occurred. 3:2 CP2HYP[1:0] Comparator2 Positive Hysteresis Control Bits. 00: Positive Hysteresis Disabled. 01: Positive Hysteresis = 5 mV. 10: Positive Hysteresis = 10 mV. 11: Positive Hysteresis = 20 mV. 1:0 CP2HYN[1:0] Comparator2 Negative Hysteresis Control Bits. 00: Negative Hysteresis Disabled. 01: Negative Hysteresis = 5 mV. 10: Negative Hysteresis = 10 mV. 11: Negative Hysteresis = 20 mV. Rev 1.5 83 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 9.6. CPT2MD: Comparator2 Mode Selection Bit 7 6 Name 5 4 CP2RIE CP2FIE 3 2 R R R/W R/W R R Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unused Read = 00b, Write = Don’t Care. 5 CP2RIE Comparator2 Rising-Edge Interrupt Enable. 0: Comparator2 Rising-edge interrupt disabled. 1: Comparator2 Rising-edge interrupt enabled. 4 CP2FIE Comparator2 Falling-Edge Interrupt Enable. 0: Comparator2 Falling-edge interrupt disabled. 1: Comparator2 Falling-edge interrupt enabled. 3:2 Unused Read = 00b, Write = don’t care. 84 R/W 1 Function 7:6 1:0 0 CP2MD[1:0] Type SFR Address = 0x9B; SFR Page = 0x10 Bit Name 1 CP2MD[1:0] Comparator2 Mode Select. These bits affect the response time and power consumption for Comparator2. 00: Mode 0 (Fastest Response Time, Highest Power Consumption) 01: Mode 1 10: Mode 2 11: Mode 3 (Slowest Response Time, Lowest Power Consumption) Rev 1.5 0 C8051F58x/F59x 9.1. Comparator Multiplexer C8051F58x/F59x devices include an analog input multiplexer for each of the comparators to connect Port I/O pins to the comparator inputs. The Comparator0 inputs are selected in the CPT0MX register (SFR Definition 9.7). The CMX0P3–CMX0P0 bits select the Comparator0 positive input; the CMX0N3–CMX0N0 bits select the Comparator0 negative input. Similarly, the Comparator1 inputs are selected in the CPT1MX register using the CMX1P3-CMX1P0 bits and CMX1N3-CMX1N0 bits, and the Comparator2 inputs are selected in the CPT2MX register using the CMX2P3-CMX2P0 bits and CMX2N3-CMX2N0 bits. The same pins are available to both multiplexers at the same time and can be used by all comparators simultaneously. Important Note About Comparator Inputs: The Port pins selected as comparator inputs should be configured as analog inputs in their associated Port configuration register, and configured to be skipped by the Crossbar (for details on Port configuration, see Section “20.6. Special Function Registers for Accessing and Configuring Port I/O” on page 204). CPTnMX CMXnN3 CMXnN2 CMXnN1 CMXnN0 CMXnP3 CMXnP2 CMXnP1 CMXnP0 P0.0 VDD P0.2 P0.1 CPn + P0.4 P0.3 P0.6 P0.5 P1.0 + P1.2 - P0.7 P1.1 P1.4 P1.3 GND P1.6 P1.5 P2.0 P1.7 P2.2 P2.1 P2.4 P2.3 P2.6 P2.5 P2.7 CPn - Figure 9.3. Comparator Input Multiplexer Block Diagram Rev 1.5 85 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 9.7. CPT0MX: Comparator0 MUX Selection Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Name CMX0N[3:0] CMX0P[3:0] Type R/W R/W Reset 0 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0x9C; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:4 3:0 86 0 Function CMX0N[3:0] Comparator0 Negative Input MUX Selection. 0000: P0.1 0001: P0.3 0010: P0.5 0011: P0.7 0100: P1.1 0101: P1.3 0110: P1.5 0111: P1.7 1000: P2.1 1001: P2.3 1010: P2.5 1011: P2.7 1100–1111: None CMX0P[3:0] Comparator0 Positive Input MUX Selection. 0000: P0.0 0001: P0.2 0010: P0.4 0011: P0.6 0100: P1.0 0101: P1.2 0110: P1.4 0111: P1.6 1000: P2.0 1001: P2.2 1010: P2.4 1011: P2.6 1100–1111: None Rev 1.5 1 1 0 1 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 9.8. CPT1MX: Comparator1 MUX Selection Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Name CMX1N[3:0] CMX1P[3:0] Type R/W R/W Reset 0 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0x9F; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:4 3:0 0 1 1 0 1 Function CMX1N[3:0] Comparator1 Negative Input MUX Selection. 0000: P0.1 0001: P0.3 0010: P0.5 0011: P0.7 0100: P1.1 0101: P1.3 0110: P1.5 0111: P1.7 1000: P2.1 1001: P2.3 1010: P2.5 1011: P2.7 1100–1111: None CMX1P[3:0] Comparator1 Positive Input MUX Selection. 0000: P0.0 0001: P0.2 0010: P0.4 0011: P0.6 0100: P1.0 0101: P1.2 0110: P1.4 0111: P1.6 1000: P2.0 1001: P2.2 1010: P2.4 1011: P2.6 1100–1111: None Rev 1.5 87 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 9.9. CPT2MX: Comparator2 MUX Selection Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Name CMX2N[3:0] CMX2P[3:0] Type R/W R/W Reset 0 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0x9C; SFR Page = 0x10 Bit Name 7:4 3:0 88 0 Function CMX2N[3:0] Comparator2 Negative Input MUX Selection. 0000: P0.1 0001: P0.3 0010: P0.5 0011: P0.7 0100: P1.1 0101: P1.3 0110: P1.5 0111: P1.7 1000: P2.1 1001: P2.3 1010: P2.5 1011: P2.7 1100–1111: None CMX2P[3:0] Comparator2 Positive Input MUX Selection. 0000: P0.0 0001: P0.2 0010: P0.4 0011: P0.6 0100: P1.0 0101: P1.2 0110: P1.4 0111: P1.6 1000: P2.0 1001: P2.2 1010: P2.4 1011: P2.6 1100–1111: None Rev 1.5 1 1 0 1 C8051F58x/F59x 10. Voltage Regulator (REG0) C8051F58x/F59x devices include an on-chip low dropout voltage regulator (REG0). The input to REG0 at the VREGIN pin can be as high as 5.25 V. The output can be selected by software to 2.1 V or 2.6 V. When enabled, the output of REG0 appears on the VDD pin, powers the microcontroller core, and can be used to power external devices. On reset, REG0 is enabled and can be disabled by software. The Voltage regulator can generate an interrupt (if enabled by EREG0, EIE2.0) that is triggered whenever the VREGIN input voltage drops below the dropout threshold voltage. This dropout interrupt has no pending flag and the recommended procedure to use it is as follows: 1. Wait enough time to ensure the VREGIN input voltage is stable 2. Enable the dropout interrupt (EREG0, EIE2.0) and select the proper priority (PREG0, EIP2.0) 3. If triggered, inside the interrupt disable it (clear EREG0, EIE2.0), execute all procedures necessary to protect your application (put it in a safe mode and leave the interrupt now disabled. 4. In the main application, now running in the safe mode, regularly checks the DROPOUT bit (REG0CN.0). Once it is cleared by the regulator hardware the application can enable the interrupt again (EREG0, EIE1.6) and return to the normal mode operation. The input (VREGIN) and output (VDD) of the voltage regulator should both be bypassed with a large capacitor (4.7 µF + 0.1 µF) to ground as shown in Figure 10.1 below. This capacitor will eliminate power spikes and provide any immediate power required by the microcontroller. The settling time associated with the voltage regulator is shown in Table 5.9 on page 50. Note: The output of the internal voltage regulator is calibrated by the MCU immediately after any reset event. The output of the un-calibrated internal regulator could be below the high threshold setting of the VDD Monitor. If this is the case, and the MCU receives a non-power on reset (POR) when the VDD Monitor is set to the high threshold setting, the MCU will remain in reset until a POR occurs (i.e. VDD Monitor will keep the device in reset). A POR will force the VDD Monitor to the low threshold setting, which is guaranteed to be below the un-calibrated output of the internal regulator. The device will then exit reset and resume normal operation. It is for this reason Silicon Labs strongly recommends that the VDD Monitor is always left in the low threshold setting (i.e. default value upon POR). If the system contains routines to modify flash contents, follow the recommendations in “Reprogramming the VDD Monitor High Threshold” on page 138. REG0 VREGIN .1 µF 4.7 µF VDD VDD 4.7 µF .1 µF Figure 10.1. External Capacitors for Voltage Regulator Input/Output—Regulator Enabled Rev 1.5 89 C8051F58x/F59x If the internal voltage regulator is not used, the VREGIN input should be tied to VDD, as shown in Figure 10.2. VREGIN VDD VDD 4.7 µF .1 µF Figure 10.2. External Capacitors for Voltage Regulator Input/Output—Regulator Disabled SFR Definition 10.1. REG0CN: Regulator Control Bit 7 6 5 4 Name REGDIS Reserved Type R/W R/W R R/W R R R R Reset 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 REGDIS Reserved 5 Unused 4 REG0MD Function Voltage Regulator Disable Bit. Read = 1b; Must Write 1b. Read = 0b; Write = Don’t Care. Voltage Regulator Mode Select Bit. 0: Voltage Regulator Output is 2.1V. 1: Voltage Regulator Output is 2.6V. 3:1 Unused 0 DROPOUT Read = 000b. Write = Don’t Care. Voltage Regulator Dropout Indicator. 0: Voltage Regulator is not in dropout 1: Voltage Regulator is in or near dropout. 90 1 Rev 1.5 0 DROPOUT 0: Voltage Regulator Enabled 1: Voltage Regulator Disabled 6 2 REG0MD SFR Address = 0xC9; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7 3 C8051F58x/F59x 11. CIP-51 Microcontroller The MCU system controller core is the CIP-51 microcontroller. The CIP-51 is fully compatible with the MCS-51™ instruction set; standard 803x/805x assemblers and compilers can be used to develop software. The MCU family has a superset of all the peripherals included with a standard 8051. The CIP-51 also includes on-chip debug hardware (see description in “C2 Interface” on page 351), and interfaces directly with the analog and digital subsystems providing a complete data acquisition or control-system solution in a single integrated circuit. The CIP-51 Microcontroller core implements the standard 8051 organization and peripherals as well as additional custom peripherals and functions to extend its capability (see Figure 11.1 for a block diagram). The CIP-51 includes the following features:         Fully Compatible with MCS-51 Instruction Set 50 MIPS Peak Throughput with 50 MHz Clock 0 to 50 MHz Clock Frequency Extended Interrupt Handler Reset Input Power Management Modes On-chip Debug Logic Program and Data Memory Security 11.1. Performance The CIP-51 employs a pipelined architecture that greatly increases its instruction throughput over the standard 8051 architecture. In a standard 8051, all instructions except for MUL and DIV take 12 or 24 system clock cycles to execute, and usually have a maximum system clock of 12 MHz. By contrast, the CIP-51 core executes 70% of its instructions in one or two system clock cycles, with no instructions taking more than eight system clock cycles. Rev 1.5 91 C8051F58x/F59x D8 D8 ACCUMULATOR STACK POINTER TMP1 TMP2 SRAM ADDRESS REGISTER PSW D8 D8 D8 ALU SRAM D8 DATA BUS B REGISTER D8 D8 D8 DATA BUS DATA BUS SFR_ADDRESS BUFFER D8 D8 DATA POINTER D8 SFR BUS INTERFACE SFR_CONTROL SFR_WRITE_DATA SFR_READ_DATA DATA BUS PC INCREMENTER PROGRAM COUNTER (PC) PRGM. ADDRESS REG. MEM_ADDRESS D8 MEM_CONTROL A16 MEMORY INTERFACE MEM_WRITE_DATA MEM_READ_DATA PIPELINE RESET D8 CONTROL LOGIC SYSTEM_IRQs CLOCK D8 STOP IDLE POWER CONTROL REGISTER INTERRUPT INTERFACE EMULATION_IRQ D8 Figure 11.1. CIP-51 Block Diagram With the CIP-51's maximum system clock at 50 MHz, it has a peak throughput of 50 MIPS. The CIP-51 has a total of 109 instructions. The table below shows the total number of instructions that require each execution time. Clocks to Execute 1 2 2/3 3 3/4 4 4/5 5 8 Number of Instructions 26 50 5 14 7 3 1 2 1 Programming and Debugging Support In-system programming of the Flash program memory and communication with on-chip debug support logic is accomplished via the Silicon Labs 2-Wire Development Interface (C2). The on-chip debug support logic facilitates full speed in-circuit debugging, allowing the setting of hardware breakpoints, starting, stopping and single stepping through program execution (including interrupt service routines), examination of the program's call stack, and reading/writing the contents of registers and memory. This method of on-chip debugging is completely non-intrusive, requiring no RAM, Stack, timers, or other on-chip resources. C2 details can be found in “C2 Interface” on page 351. The CIP-51 is supported by development tools from Silicon Labs and third party vendors. Silicon Labs provides an integrated development environment (IDE) including editor, debugger and programmer. The IDE's debugger and programmer interface to the CIP-51 via the C2 interface to provide fast and efficient in-system device programming and debugging. Third party macro assemblers and C compilers are also available. 92 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 11.2. Instruction Set The instruction set of the CIP-51 System Controller is fully compatible with the standard MCS-51™ instruction set. Standard 8051 development tools can be used to develop software for the CIP-51. All CIP-51 instructions are the binary and functional equivalent of their MCS-51™ counterparts, including opcodes, addressing modes and effect on PSW flags. However, instruction timing is different than that of the standard 8051. 11.2.1. Instruction and CPU Timing In many 8051 implementations, a distinction is made between machine cycles and clock cycles, with machine cycles varying from 2 to 12 clock cycles in length. However, the CIP-51 implementation is based solely on clock cycle timing. All instruction timings are specified in terms of clock cycles. Due to the pipelined architecture of the CIP-51, most instructions execute in the same number of clock cycles as there are program bytes in the instruction. Conditional branch instructions take one less clock cycle to complete when the branch is not taken as opposed to when the branch is taken. Table 11.1 is the CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary, which includes the mnemonic, number of bytes, and number of clock cycles for each instruction. Rev 1.5 93 C8051F58x/F59x Table 11.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary (Prefetch-Enabled) Mnemonic Description Bytes Clock Cycles Arithmetic Operations ADD A, Rn ADD A, direct ADD A, @Ri ADD A, #data ADDC A, Rn ADDC A, direct ADDC A, @Ri ADDC A, #data SUBB A, Rn SUBB A, direct SUBB A, @Ri SUBB A, #data INC A INC Rn INC direct INC @Ri DEC A DEC Rn DEC direct DEC @Ri INC DPTR MUL AB DIV AB DA A Add register to A Add direct byte to A Add indirect RAM to A Add immediate to A Add register to A with carry Add direct byte to A with carry Add indirect RAM to A with carry Add immediate to A with carry Subtract register from A with borrow Subtract direct byte from A with borrow Subtract indirect RAM from A with borrow Subtract immediate from A with borrow Increment A Increment register Increment direct byte Increment indirect RAM Decrement A Decrement register Decrement direct byte Decrement indirect RAM Increment Data Pointer Multiply A and B Divide A by B Decimal adjust A 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 4 8 1 AND Register to A AND direct byte to A AND indirect RAM to A AND immediate to A AND A to direct byte AND immediate to direct byte OR Register to A OR direct byte to A OR indirect RAM to A OR immediate to A OR A to direct byte OR immediate to direct byte Exclusive-OR Register to A Exclusive-OR direct byte to A Exclusive-OR indirect RAM to A 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 1 2 2 2 2 3 1 2 2 Logical Operations ANL A, Rn ANL A, direct ANL A, @Ri ANL A, #data ANL direct, A ANL direct, #data ORL A, Rn ORL A, direct ORL A, @Ri ORL A, #data ORL direct, A ORL direct, #data XRL A, Rn XRL A, direct XRL A, @Ri Note: Certain instructions take a variable number of clock cycles to execute depending on instruction alignment and the FLRT setting (SFR Definition 15.3). 94 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 11.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary (Prefetch-Enabled) (Continued) Mnemonic XRL A, #data XRL direct, A XRL direct, #data CLR A CPL A RL A RLC A RR A RRC A SWAP A Description Bytes Clock Cycles Exclusive-OR immediate to A Exclusive-OR A to direct byte Exclusive-OR immediate to direct byte Clear A Complement A Rotate A left Rotate A left through Carry Rotate A right Rotate A right through Carry Swap nibbles of A 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 Move Register to A Move direct byte to A Move indirect RAM to A Move immediate to A Move A to Register Move direct byte to Register Move immediate to Register Move A to direct byte Move Register to direct byte Move direct byte to direct byte Move indirect RAM to direct byte Move immediate to direct byte Move A to indirect RAM Move direct byte to indirect RAM Move immediate to indirect RAM Load DPTR with 16-bit constant Move code byte relative DPTR to A Move code byte relative PC to A Move external data (8-bit address) to A Move A to external data (8-bit address) Move external data (16-bit address) to A Move A to external data (16-bit address) Push direct byte onto stack Pop direct byte from stack Exchange Register with A Exchange direct byte with A Exchange indirect RAM with A Exchange low nibble of indirect RAM with A 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 1 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 4-7* 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 2 2 Clear Carry Clear direct bit 1 2 1 2 Data Transfer MOV A, Rn MOV A, direct MOV A, @Ri MOV A, #data MOV Rn, A MOV Rn, direct MOV Rn, #data MOV direct, A MOV direct, Rn MOV direct, direct MOV direct, @Ri MOV direct, #data MOV @Ri, A MOV @Ri, direct MOV @Ri, #data MOV DPTR, #data16 MOVC A, @A+DPTR MOVC A, @A+PC MOVX A, @Ri MOVX @Ri, A MOVX A, @DPTR MOVX @DPTR, A PUSH direct POP direct XCH A, Rn XCH A, direct XCH A, @Ri XCHD A, @Ri Boolean Manipulation CLR C CLR bit Note: Certain instructions take a variable number of clock cycles to execute depending on instruction alignment and the FLRT setting (SFR Definition 15.3). Rev 1.5 95 C8051F58x/F59x Table 11.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary (Prefetch-Enabled) (Continued) Mnemonic SETB C SETB bit CPL C CPL bit ANL C, bit ANL C, /bit ORL C, bit ORL C, /bit MOV C, bit MOV bit, C JC rel JNC rel JB bit, rel JNB bit, rel JBC bit, rel Description Bytes Clock Cycles Set Carry Set direct bit Complement Carry Complement direct bit AND direct bit to Carry AND complement of direct bit to Carry OR direct bit to carry OR complement of direct bit to Carry Move direct bit to Carry Move Carry to direct bit Jump if Carry is set Jump if Carry is not set Jump if direct bit is set Jump if direct bit is not set Jump if direct bit is set and clear bit 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2/(4-6)* 2/(4-6)* 3/(5-7)* 3/(5-7)* 3/(5-7)* Absolute subroutine call Long subroutine call Return from subroutine Return from interrupt Absolute jump Long jump Short jump (relative address) Jump indirect relative to DPTR Jump if A equals zero Jump if A does not equal zero Compare direct byte to A and jump if not equal Compare immediate to A and jump if not equal Compare immediate to Register and jump if not equal Compare immediate to indirect and jump if not equal Decrement Register and jump if not zero Decrement direct byte and jump if not zero No operation 2 3 1 1 2 3 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 4-6* 5-7* 6-8* 6-8* 4-6* 5-7* 4-6* 3-5* 2/(4-6)* 2/(4-6)* 4/(6-8)* 3/(6-8)* 3/(5-7)* 3 4/(6-8)* 2 3 1 2/(4-6)* 3/(5-7)* 1 Program Branching ACALL addr11 LCALL addr16 RET RETI AJMP addr11 LJMP addr16 SJMP rel JMP @A+DPTR JZ rel JNZ rel CJNE A, direct, rel CJNE A, #data, rel CJNE Rn, #data, rel CJNE @Ri, #data, rel DJNZ Rn, rel DJNZ direct, rel NOP Note: Certain instructions take a variable number of clock cycles to execute depending on instruction alignment and the FLRT setting (SFR Definition 15.3). 96 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Notes on Registers, Operands and Addressing Modes: Rn—Register R0–R7 of the currently selected register bank. @Ri—Data RAM location addressed indirectly through R0 or R1. rel—8-bit, signed (two’s complement) offset relative to the first byte of the following instruction. Used by SJMP and all conditional jumps. direct—8-bit internal data location’s address. This could be a direct-access Data RAM location (0x00– 0x7F) or an SFR (0x80–0xFF). #data—8-bit constant #data16—16-bit constant bit—Direct-accessed bit in Data RAM or SFR addr11—11-bit destination address used by ACALL and AJMP. The destination must be within the same 2 kB page of program memory as the first byte of the following instruction. addr16—16-bit destination address used by LCALL and LJMP. The destination may be anywhere within the 64 kB program memory space. There is one unused opcode (0xA5) that performs the same function as NOP. All mnemonics copyrighted © Intel Corporation 1980. 11.3. CIP-51 Register Descriptions Following are descriptions of SFRs related to the operation of the CIP-51 System Controller. Reserved bits should not be set to logic l. Future product versions may use these bits to implement new features in which case the reset value of the bit will be logic 0, selecting the feature's default state. Detailed descriptions of the remaining SFRs are included in the sections of the datasheet associated with their corresponding system function. Rev 1.5 97 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 11.1. DPL: Data Pointer Low Byte Bit 7 6 5 4 Name DPL[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x82; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name 7:0 DPL[7:0] 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 Function Data Pointer Low. The DPL register is the low byte of the 16-bit DPTR. DPTR is used to access indirectly addressed Flash memory or XRAM. SFR Definition 11.2. DPH: Data Pointer High Byte Bit 7 6 5 4 Name DPH[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x83; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name 7:0 DPH[7:0] 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 Function Data Pointer High. The DPH register is the high byte of the 16-bit DPTR. DPTR is used to access indirectly addressed Flash memory or XRAM. 98 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 11.3. SP: Stack Pointer Bit 7 6 5 4 Name SP[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x81; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name 7:0 SP[7:0] 3 2 1 0 0 1 1 1 Function Stack Pointer. The Stack Pointer holds the location of the top of the stack. The stack pointer is incremented before every PUSH operation. The SP register defaults to 0x07 after reset. SFR Definition 11.4. ACC: Accumulator Bit 7 6 5 4 Name ACC[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xE0; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable Bit Name Function 7:0 ACC[7:0] Accumulator. This register is the accumulator for arithmetic operations. SFR Definition 11.5. B: B Register Bit 7 6 5 4 Name B[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xF0; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable Bit Name Function 7:0 B[7:0] B Register. This register serves as a second accumulator for certain arithmetic operations. Rev 1.5 99 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 11.6. PSW: Program Status Word Bit 7 6 5 Name CY AC F0 Type R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 4 3 2 1 0 RS[1:0] OV F1 PARITY R/W R/W R/W R 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xD0; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable Bit Name Function 7 CY Carry Flag. This bit is set when the last arithmetic operation resulted in a carry (addition) or a borrow (subtraction). It is cleared to logic 0 by all other arithmetic operations. 6 AC Auxiliary Carry Flag. This bit is set when the last arithmetic operation resulted in a carry into (addition) or a borrow from (subtraction) the high order nibble. It is cleared to logic 0 by all other arithmetic operations. 5 F0 User Flag 0. This is a bit-addressable, general purpose flag for use under software control. 4:3 RS[1:0] Register Bank Select. These bits select which register bank is used during register accesses. 00: Bank 0, Addresses 0x00-0x07 01: Bank 1, Addresses 0x08-0x0F 10: Bank 2, Addresses 0x10-0x17 11: Bank 3, Addresses 0x18-0x1F 2 OV Overflow Flag. This bit is set to 1 under the following circumstances:  An ADD, ADDC, or SUBB instruction causes a sign-change overflow.  A MUL instruction results in an overflow (result is greater than 255).  A DIV instruction causes a divide-by-zero condition. The OV bit is cleared to 0 by the ADD, ADDC, SUBB, MUL, and DIV instructions in all other cases. 1 F1 User Flag 1. This is a bit-addressable, general purpose flag for use under software control. 0 PARITY Parity Flag. This bit is set to logic 1 if the sum of the eight bits in the accumulator is odd and cleared if the sum is even. 100 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 11.4. Serial Number Special Function Registers (SFRs) The C8051F58x/F59x devices include four SFRs, SN0 through SN3, that are pre-programmed during production with a unique, 32-bit serial number. The serial number provides a unique identification number for each device and can be read from the application firmware. If the serial number is not used in the application, these four registers can be used as general purpose SFRs. SFR Definition 11.7. SNn: Serial Number n Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name SERNUMn[7:0] Type R/W Reset Varies—Unique 32-bit value 2 1 0 SFR Addresses: SN0 = 0xF9; SN1 = 0xFA; SN2 = 0xFB; SN3 = 0xFC; SFR Page = 0x0F; Bit Name Function 7:0 SERNUMn[7:0] Serial Number Bits. The four serial number registers form a 32-bit serial number, with SN3 as the most significant byte and SN0 as the least significant byte. Rev 1.5 101 C8051F58x/F59x 12. Memory Organization The memory organization of the CIP-51 System Controller is similar to that of a standard 8051. There are two separate memory spaces: program memory and data memory. Program and data memory share the same address space but are accessed via different instruction types. The memory organization is shown in Figure 12.1 PROGRAM/DATA MEMORY (FLASH) C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 DATA MEMORY (RAM) INTERNAL DATA ADDRESS SPACE 0xFF 0x1FFFF RESERVED 0x1FC00 0x1FBFF 0x80 0x7F 128 kB FLASH (In-System Programmable in 512 Byte Sectors) 0x00000 Upper 128 RAM (Indirect Addressing Only) Special Function Register's (Direct Addressing Only) (Direct and Indirect Addressing) 0x30 0x2F 0x20 0x1F 0x00 Bit Addressable Lower 128 RAM (Direct and Indirect Addressing) General Purpose Registers EXTERNAL DATA ADDRESS SPACE 0xFFFF Same 8192 bytes as from 0x0000 to 0x1FFF, wrapped on 8192-byte boundaries C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1 0x17FFF 0x2000 0x1FFF 96 kB FLASH XRAM 8K Bytes (In-System Programmable in 512 Byte Sectors) (accessable using MOVX instruction) 0x00000 0x0000 Figure 12.1. C8051F58x/F59x Memory Map 12.1. Program Memory The C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 devices have a 128 kB program memory space and the C8051F584/5/6/7F590/1 devices have 96 kB program memory space. The MCU implements this program memory space as in-system re-programmable Flash memory in either four or three 32 kB code banks. A common code bank (Bank 0) of 32 kB is always accessible from addresses 0x0000 to 0x7FFF. The three or two upper code banks (Bank 1, Bank 2, and Bank 3) are each mapped to addresses 0x8000 to 0xFFFF, depending on the selection of bits in the PSBANK register, as described in SFR Definition 12.1. Rev 1.5 102 C8051F58x/F59x The IFBANK bits select which of the upper banks are used for code execution, while the COBANK bits select the bank to be used for direct writes and reads of the Flash memory. On the C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 devices, the upper 1024 bytes of the memory in Bank 3 (0xFC00 to 0xFFFF) are reserved and are not available for user program or data storage. Figure 12.2 show the Flash as a consecutive block of address space using a 17-bit address to illustrate the location of the lock byte, lock byte page and reserved space. C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 0x1FFFF Reserved Area 0x1FBFF C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1 0x1FBFE Lock Byte Page Lock Byte 0x1FA00 0x17FFF 0x17FFE Lock Byte Page 0x17E00 Flash Memory Space (128 kB Flash Device) Flash Memory Space (96 kB Flash Device) 0x00000 0x00000 Figure 12.2. Flash Program Memory Map Internal Address 0xFFFF IFBANK = 0 IFBANK = 1 IFBANK = 2 IFBANK = 3 Bank 0 Bank 1 Bank 2 Bank 3 Bank 0 Bank 0 Bank 0 Bank 0 0x8000 0x7FFF 0x0000 Figure 12.3. Address Memory Map for Instruction Fetches 103 Rev 1.5 FLASH memory organized in 512-byte pages 0x1FC00 Lock Byte C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 12.1. PSBANK: Program Space Bank Select Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 COBANK[1:0] Name 1 0 IFBANK[1:0] Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 SFR Address = 0xF5; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name 7:6 Reserved Function Read = 00b, Must Write = 00b. 5:4 COBANK[1:0] Constant Operations Bank Select. These bits select which Flash bank is targeted during constant operations (MOVC and Flash MOVX) involving address 0x8000 to 0xFFFF. 00: Constant Operations Target Bank 0 (note that Bank 0 is also mapped between 0x0000 to 0x7FFF). 01: Constant operations target Bank 1. 10: Constant operations target Bank 2. 11: Constant operations target Bank 3. 3:2 1:0 Reserved Read = 00b, Must Write = 00b. IFBANK[1:0] Instruction Fetch Operations Bank Select. These bits select which Flash bank is used for instruction fetches involving address 0x8000 to 0xFFFF. These bits can only be changed from code in Bank 0. 00: Instructions fetch from Bank 0 (note that Bank 0 is also mapped between 0x0000 to 0x7FFF). 01: Instructions fetch from Bank 1. 10: Instructions fetch from Bank 2. 11: Instructions fetch from Bank 3. Note: COBANK[1:0] and IFBANK[1:0] should not be set to select Bank 3 (11b) on the C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1 devices. 12.1.1. MOVX Instruction and Program Memory The MOVX instruction in an 8051 device is typically used to access external data memory. On the C8051F58x/F59x devices, the MOVX instruction is normally used to read and write on-chip XRAM, but can be re-configured to write and erase on-chip Flash memory space. MOVC instructions are always used to read Flash memory, while MOVX write instructions are used to erase and write Flash. This Flash access feature provides a mechanism for the C8051F58x/F59x to update program code and use the program memory space for non-volatile data storage. Refer to Section “15. Flash Memory” on page 138 for further details. 12.2. Data Memory The C8051F58x/F59x devices include 8448 bytes of RAM data memory. 256 bytes of this memory is mapped into the internal RAM space of the 8051. The other 8192 bytes of this memory is on-chip “external” memory. The data memory map is shown in Figure 12.1 for reference. Rev 1.5 104 C8051F58x/F59x 12.2.1. Internal RAM There are 256 bytes of internal RAM mapped into the data memory space from 0x00 through 0xFF. The lower 128 bytes of data memory are used for general purpose registers and scratch pad memory. Either direct or indirect addressing may be used to access the lower 128 bytes of data memory. Locations 0x00 through 0x1F are addressable as four banks of general purpose registers, each bank consisting of eight byte-wide registers. The next 16 bytes, locations 0x20 through 0x2F, may either be addressed as bytes or as 128 bit locations accessible with the direct addressing mode. The upper 128 bytes of data memory are accessible only by indirect addressing. This region occupies the same address space as the Special Function Registers (SFR) but is physically separate from the SFR space. The addressing mode used by an instruction when accessing locations above 0x7F determines whether the CPU accesses the upper 128 bytes of data memory space or the SFRs. Instructions that use direct addressing will access the SFR space. Instructions using indirect addressing above 0x7F access the upper 128 bytes of data memory. Figure 12.1 illustrates the data memory organization of the C8051F58x/F59x. 12.2.1.1. General Purpose Registers The lower 32 bytes of data memory, locations 0x00 through 0x1F, may be addressed as four banks of general-purpose registers. Each bank consists of eight byte-wide registers designated R0 through R7. Only one of these banks may be enabled at a time. Two bits in the program status word, RS0 (PSW.3) and RS1 (PSW.4), select the active register bank (see description of the PSW in SFR Definition 11.6). This allows fast context switching when entering subroutines and interrupt service routines. Indirect addressing modes use registers R0 and R1 as index registers. 12.2.1.2. Bit Addressable Locations In addition to direct access to data memory organized as bytes, the sixteen data memory locations at 0x20 through 0x2F are also accessible as 128 individually addressable bits. Each bit has a bit address from 0x00 to 0x7F. Bit 0 of the byte at 0x20 has bit address 0x00 while bit7 of the byte at 0x20 has bit address 0x07. Bit 7 of the byte at 0x2F has bit address 0x7F. A bit access is distinguished from a full byte access by the type of instruction used (bit source or destination operands as opposed to a byte source or destination). The MCS-51™ assembly language allows an alternate notation for bit addressing of the form XX.B where XX is the byte address and B is the bit position within the byte. For example, the instruction: MOV C, 22.3h moves the Boolean value at 0x13 (bit 3 of the byte at location 0x22) into the Carry flag. 12.2.1.3. Stack A programmer's stack can be located anywhere in the 256-byte data memory. The stack area is designated using the Stack Pointer (SP) SFR. The SP will point to the last location used. The next value pushed on the stack is placed at SP+1 and then SP is incremented. A reset initializes the stack pointer to location 0x07. Therefore, the first value pushed on the stack is placed at location 0x08, which is also the first register (R0) of register bank 1. Thus, if more than one register bank is to be used, the SP should be initialized to a location in the data memory not being used for data storage. The stack depth can extend up to 256 bytes. 105 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 13. Special Function Registers The direct-access data memory locations from 0x80 to 0xFF constitute the special function registers (SFRs). The SFRs provide control and data exchange with the C8051F58x/F59x's resources and peripherals. The CIP-51 controller core duplicates the SFRs found in a typical 8051 implementation as well as implementing additional SFRs used to configure and access the sub-systems unique to the C8051F58x/F59x. This allows the addition of new functionality while retaining compatibility with the MCS51™ instruction set. Table 13.3 lists the SFRs implemented in the C8051F58x/F59x device family. The SFR registers are accessed anytime the direct addressing mode is used to access memory locations from 0x80 to 0xFF. SFRs with addresses ending in 0x0 or 0x8 (e.g., P0, TCON, SCON0, IE, etc.) are bitaddressable as well as byte-addressable. All other SFRs are byte-addressable only. Unoccupied addresses in the SFR space are reserved for future use. Accessing unoccupied addresses in the SFR space will have an indeterminate effect and should be avoided. Refer to the corresponding pages of the data sheet, as indicated in Table 13.3, for a detailed description of each register. 13.1. SFR Paging The CIP-51 features SFR paging, allowing the device to map many SFRs into the 0x80 to 0xFF memory address space. The SFR memory space has 256 pages. In this way, each memory location from 0x80 to 0xFF can access up to 256 SFRs. The C8051F58x/F59x family of devices utilizes four SFR pages: 0x0, 0xC, 0xF, and 0x10. SFR pages are selected using the Special Function Register Page Selection register, SFRPAGE (see SFR Definition 11.3). The procedure for reading and writing an SFR is as follows: 1. Select the appropriate SFR page number using the SFRPAGE register. 2. Use direct accessing mode to read or write the special function register (MOV instruction). 13.2. Interrupts and SFR Paging When an interrupt occurs, the SFR Page Register will automatically switch to the SFR page containing the flag bit that caused the interrupt. The automatic SFR Page switch function conveniently removes the burden of switching SFR pages from the interrupt service routine. Upon execution of the RETI instruction, the SFR page is automatically restored to the SFR Page in use prior to the interrupt. This is accomplished via a three-byte SFR Page Stack. The top byte of the stack is SFRPAGE, the current SFR Page. The second byte of the SFR Page Stack is SFRNEXT. The third, or bottom byte of the SFR Page Stack is SFRLAST. Upon an interrupt, the current SFRPAGE value is pushed to the SFRNEXT byte, and the value of SFRNEXT is pushed to SFRLAST. Hardware then loads SFRPAGE with the SFR Page containing the flag bit associated with the interrupt. On a return from interrupt, the SFR Page Stack is popped resulting in the value of SFRNEXT returning to the SFRPAGE register, thereby restoring the SFR page context without software intervention. The value in SFRLAST (0x00 if there is no SFR Page value in the bottom of the stack) of the stack is placed in SFRNEXT register. If desired, the values stored in SFRNEXT and SFRLAST may be modified during an interrupt, enabling the CPU to return to a different SFR Page upon execution of the RETI instruction (on interrupt exit). Modifying registers in the SFR Page Stack does not cause a push or pop of the stack. Only interrupt calls and returns will cause push/pop operations on the SFR Page Stack. On the C8051F58x/F59x devices, vectoring to an interrupt will switch SFRPAGE to page 0x00, except for the CAN0 interrupt which will switch SFRPAGE to page 0x0C, and the UART1, PCA1, Comparator2, and Timer4/5 interrupts will switch SFRPAGE to 0x10. Rev 1.5 106 C8051F58x/F59x SFRPGCN Bit Interrupt Logic SFRPAGE CIP-51 SFRNEXT SFRLAST Figure 13.1. SFR Page Stack Automatic hardware switching of the SFR Page on interrupts may be enabled or disabled as desired using the SFR Automatic Page Control Enable Bit located in the SFR Page Control Register (SFR0CN). This function defaults to “enabled” upon reset. In this way, the autoswitching function will be enabled unless disabled in software. A summary of the SFR locations (address and SFR page) are provided in Table 13.3 in the form of an SFR memory map. Each memory location in the map has an SFR page row, denoting the page in which that SFR resides. Certain SFRs are accessible from ALL SFR pages, and are denoted by the “(ALL PAGES)” designation. For example, the Port I/O registers P0, P1, P2, and P3 all have the “(ALL PAGES)” designation, indicating these SFRs are accessible from all SFR pages regardless of the SFRPAGE register value. 13.3. SFR Page Stack Example The following is an example that shows the operation of the SFR Page Stack during interrupts. In this example, the SFR Control register is left in the default enabled state (i.e., SFRPGEN = 1), and the CIP-51 is executing in-line code that is writing values to SPI Data Register (SFR “SPI0DAT”, located at address 0xA3 on SFR Page 0x00). The device is also using the CAN peripheral (CAN0) and the Programmable Counter Array (PCA0) peripheral to generate a PWM output. The PCA is timing a critical control function in its interrupt service round so its associated ISR that is set to low priority. At this point, the SFR page is set to access the SPI0DAT SFR (SFRPAGE = 0x00). See Figure 13.2. 107 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Page Stack SFR's 0x0 SFRPAGE (SPI0DAT) SFRNEXT SFRLAST Figure 13.2. SFR Page Stack While Using SFR Page 0x0 To Access SPI0DAT While CIP-51 executes in-line code (writing values to SPI0DAT in this example), the CAN0 Interrupt occurs. The CIP-51 vectors to the CAN0 ISR and pushes the current SFR Page value (SFR Page 0x00) into SFRNEXT in the SFR Page Stack. The SFR page needed to access CAN’s SFRs is then automatically placed in the SFRPAGE register (SFR Page 0x0C). SFRPAGE is considered the “top” of the SFR Page Stack. Software can now access the CAN0 SFRs. Software may switch to any SFR Page by writing a new value to the SFRPAGE register at any time during the CAN0 ISR to access SFRs that are not on SFR Page 0x0C. See Figure 13.3. Rev 1.5 108 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Page 0xC Automatically pushed on stack in SFRPAGE on CAN0 interrupt 0xC SFRPAGE SFRPAGE pushed to SFRNEXT (CAN0) 0x0 SFRNEXT (SPI0DAT) SFRLAST Figure 13.3. SFR Page Stack After CAN0 Interrupt Occurs While in the CAN0 ISR, a PCA interrupt occurs. Recall the PCA interrupt is configured as a high priority interrupt, while the CAN0 interrupt is configured as a low priority interrupt. Thus, the CIP-51 will now vector to the high priority PCA ISR. Upon doing so, the CIP-51 will automatically place the SFR page needed to access the PCA’s special function registers into the SFRPAGE register, SFR Page 0x00. The value that was in the SFRPAGE register before the PCA interrupt (SFR Page 0x0C for CAN0) is pushed down the stack into SFRNEXT. Likewise, the value that was in the SFRNEXT register before the PCA interrupt (in this case SFR Page 0x00 for SPI0DAT) is pushed down to the SFRLAST register, the “bottom” of the stack. Note that a value stored in SFRLAST (via a previous software write to the SFRLAST register) will be overwritten. See Figure 13.4. 109 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Page 0x0 Automatically pushed on stack in SFRPAGE on PCA interrupt 0x0 SFRPAGE SFRPAGE pushed to SFRNEXT (PCA) 0xC SFRNEXT SFRNEXT pushed to SFRLAST (CAN0) 0x0 SFRLAST (SPI0DAT) Figure 13.4. SFR Page Stack Upon PCA Interrupt Occurring During a CAN0 ISR On exit from the PCA interrupt service routine, the CIP-51 will return to the CAN0 ISR. On execution of the RETI instruction, SFR Page 0x00 used to access the PCA registers will be automatically popped off of the SFR Page Stack, and the contents of the SFRNEXT register will be moved to the SFRPAGE register. Software in the CAN0 ISR can continue to access SFRs as it did prior to the PCA interrupt. Likewise, the contents of SFRLAST are moved to the SFRNEXT register. Recall this was the SFR Page value 0x00 being used to access SPI0DAT before the CAN0 interrupt occurred. See Figure 13.5. Rev 1.5 110 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Page 0x0 Automatically popped off of the stack on return from interrupt 0xC SFRPAGE SFRNEXT popped to SFRPAGE (CAN0) 0x0 SFRNEXT SFRLAST popped to SFRNEXT (SPI0DAT) SFRLAST Figure 13.5. SFR Page Stack Upon Return From PCA Interrupt On the execution of the RETI instruction in the CAN0 ISR, the value in SFRPAGE register is overwritten with the contents of SFRNEXT. The CIP-51 may now access the SPI0DAT register as it did prior to the interrupts occurring. See Figure 13.6. 111 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Page 0xC Automatically popped off of the stack on return from interrupt 0x0 SFRPAGE SFRNEXT popped to SFRPAGE (SPI0DAT) SFRNEXT SFRLAST Figure 13.6. SFR Page Stack Upon Return From CAN0 Interrupt In the example above, all three bytes in the SFR Page Stack are accessible via the SFRPAGE, SFRNEXT, and SFRLAST special function registers. If the stack is altered while servicing an interrupt, it is possible to return to a different SFR Page upon interrupt exit than selected prior to the interrupt call. Direct access to the SFR Page stack can be useful to enable real-time operating systems to control and manage context switching between multiple tasks. Push operations on the SFR Page Stack only occur on interrupt service, and pop operations only occur on interrupt exit (execution on the RETI instruction). The automatic switching of the SFRPAGE and operation of the SFR Page Stack as described above can be disabled in software by clearing the SFR Automatic Page Enable Bit (SFRPGEN) in the SFR Page Control Register (SFR0CN). See SFR Definition 13.1. Rev 1.5 112 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 13.1. SFR0CN: SFR Page Control Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SFRPGEN Name Type R R R R R R R R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 SFR Address = 0x84; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7:1 0 Unused Function Read = 0000000b; Write = Don’t Care SFRPGEN SFR Automatic Page Control Enable. Upon interrupt, the C8051 Core will vector to the specified interrupt service routine and automatically switch the SFR page to the corresponding peripheral or function’s SFR page. This bit is used to control this autopaging function. 0: SFR Automatic Paging disabled. The C8051 core will not automatically change to the appropriate SFR page (i.e., the SFR page that contains the SFRs for the peripheral/function that was the source of the interrupt). 1: SFR Automatic Paging enabled. Upon interrupt, the C8051 will switch the SFR page to the page that contains the SFRs for the peripheral or function that is the source of the interrupt. 113 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 13.2. SFRPAGE: SFR Page Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name SFRPAGE[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xA7; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name 7:0 SFRPAGE[7:0] 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function SFR Page Bits. Represents the SFR Page the C8051 core uses when reading or modifying SFRs. Write: Sets the SFR Page. Read: Byte is the SFR page the C8051 core is using. When enabled in the SFR Page Control Register (SFR0CN), the C8051 core will automatically switch to the SFR Page that contains the SFRs of the corresponding peripheral/function that caused the interrupt, and return to the previous SFR page upon return from interrupt (unless SFR Stack was altered before a returning from the interrupt). SFRPAGE is the top byte of the SFR Page Stack, and push/pop events of this stack are caused by interrupts (and not by reading/writing to the SFRPAGE register) Rev 1.5 114 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 13.3. SFRNEXT: SFR Next Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name SFRNEXT[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x85; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name 7:0 SFRNEXT[7:0] 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function SFR Page Bits. This is the value that will go to the SFR Page register upon a return from interrupt. Write: Sets the SFR Page contained in the second byte of the SFR Stack. This will cause the SFRPAGE SFR to have this SFR page value upon a return from interrupt. Read: Returns the value of the SFR page contained in the second byte of the SFR stack. SFR page context is retained upon interrupts/return from interrupts in a 3 byte SFR Page Stack: SFRPAGE is the first entry, SFRNEXT is the second, and SFRLAST is the third entry. The SFR stack bytes may be used alter the context in the SFR Page Stack, and will not cause the stack to “push” or “pop”. Only interrupts and return from interrupts cause pushes and pops of the SFR Page Stack. 115 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 13.4. SFRLAST: SFR Last Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name SFRLAST[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xA7; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name 7:0 SFRLAST[7:0] 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function SFR Page Stack Bits. This is the value that will go to the SFRNEXT register upon a return from interrupt. Write: Sets the SFR Page in the last entry of the SFR Stack. This will cause the SFRNEXT SFR to have this SFR page value upon a return from interrupt. Read: Returns the value of the SFR page contained in the last entry of the SFR stack. SFR page context is retained upon interrupts/return from interrupts in a 3 byte SFR Page Stack: SFRPAGE is the first entry, SFRNEXT is the second, and SFRLAST is the third entry. The SFR stack bytes may be used alter the context in the SFR Page Stack, and will not cause the stack to “push” or “pop”. Only interrupts and return from interrupts cause pushes and pops of the SFR Page Stack. Rev 1.5 116 C8051F58x/F59x Page Address Table 13.1. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map for Pages 0x00, 0x10, and 0x0F 0(8) 1(9) PCA0L F8 00 SPI0CN PCA1L 10 SN0 0F B P0MAT F0 00 10 (All Pages) P0MDIN 0F E8 00 ADC0CN PCA0CPL1 PCA1CPL7 10 0F ACC E0 00 10 (All Pages) XBR0 0F D8 00 PCA0CN PCA0MD 10 PCA1CN PCA1MD PCA0PWM 0F REF0CN D0 00 PSW 10 (All Pages) 0F C8 00 TMR2CN REG0CN 10 TMR4CN TMR4CF LIN0CF 0F C0 00 SMB0CN SMB0CF 10 0F IP B8 00 10 (All Pages) 0F P3 P2MAT B0 00 10 (All Pages) 0F IE SMOD0 A8 00 10 (All Pages) 0F P2 SPI0CFG A0 00 10 (All Pages) OSCICN 0F SBUF0 98 00 SCON0 SBUF1 10 SCON1 0F 0(8) 1(9) (bit addressable) 117 2(A) PCA0H PCA1H SN1 3(B) 4(C) 6(E) PCA0CPL0 PCA0CPH0 PCACPL4 PCACPH4 PCA1CPL6 PCA1CPH6 PCA1CPL10 PCA1CPH10 SN2 SN3 P0MASK P1MAT P1MASK P1MDIN P2MDIN P3MDIN PCA0CPH1 PCA0CPL2 PCA0CPH2 PCA1CPH7 PCA1CPL8 PCA1CPH8 XBR1 5(D) CCH0CN PSBANK (All Pages) PCA0CPL3 PCA1CPL9 7(F) VDM0CN EIP1 EIP2 EIP1 EIP2 PCA0CPL3 PCA1CPL9 RSTSRC EIE1 (All Pages) EIE2 (All Pages) IT01CF PCA0CPM0 PCA0CPM1 PCA0CPM2 PCA0CPM3P PCA0CPM4P PCA0CPM5 PCA1CPM6 PCA1CPM7 PCA1CPM8 CA1CPM9 CA1CPM10 PCA1CPM11 LIN0DATA LIN0ADDR TMR2RLL TMR2RLH TMR4CAPL TMR4CAPH SMB0DAT ADC0GTL P0SKIP P1SKIP P2SKIP P3SKIP TMR2L TMR4L TMR2H TMR4H PCA0CPL5 PCA1CPL11 PCA0CPH5 PCA1CPH11 ADC0GTH ADC0LTL ADC0LTH XBR3 ADC0TK ADC0MX ADC0CF P2MASK XBR2 ADC0L ADC0H P4 (All Pages) FLSCL (All Pages) FLKEY (All Pages) P3MAT P3MASK P3MDOUT P4MDOUT EMI0CF EMI0CN EMI0TC SBCON0 SPI0CKR SPI0DAT OSCICRS CPT0CN CPT2CN 2(A) CPT0MD CPT2MD SBRLL0 SBRLH0 SFRPAGE (All Pages) P0MDOUT P1MDOUT P2MDOUT CPT0MX CPT2MX CPT1CN CPT1MD CPT1MX OSCIFIN OSCXCN 6(E) 7(F) 3(B) 4(C) Rev 1.5 5(D) C8051F58x/F59x Table 13.1. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map for Pages 0x00, 0x10, and 0x0F P1 TMR3CN 90 00 (All Pages) TMR5CN 10 0F TMOD 88 00 TCON 10 (All Pages) (All Pages) 0F P0 SP 80 00 10 (All Pages) (All Pages) 0F 0(8) 1(9) (bit addressable) TMR3RLL TMR3RLH TMR5CAPL TMR5CAPH TMR3L TMR5L TMR3H TMR5H TMR5CF CLKMUL TL0 TL1 (All Pages) (All Pages) TH0 (All Pages) TH1 (All Pages) CKCON (All Pages) PSCTL CLKSEL DPL DPH (All Pages) (All Pages) SFRNEXT (All Pages) SFRLAST (All Pages) PCON (All Pages) 5(D) 6(E) 7(F) SFR0CN 2(A) 3(B) 4(C) Rev 1.5 118 C8051F58x/F59x Table 13.2. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map for Page 0x0C 0(8) 1(9) F8 F0 B (All Pages) E8 E0 ACC (All Pages) 3(B) 4(C) 5(D) CAN0IF2A2L CAN0IF2A2H CAN0IF2M1L CAN0IF2M1H CAN0IF2M2L PSW (All Pages) CAN0IF2A1L CAN0IF2A1H EIE1 (All Pages) EIE2 (All Pages) CAN0IF2CRL CAN0IF2CRH CAN0IF1MCL CAN0IF1MCH CAN0IF1DA1L CAN0IF1DA1H CAN0IF1DA2L CAN0IF1DA2H CAN0IF1A1L CAN0IF2M2H CAN0IF1A1H CAN0IF1A2L CAN0IF1A2H CAN0IF2MCL CAN0IF2MCH CAN0IF1CML CAN0IF1CMH CAN0IF1M1L CAN0IF1M1H CAN0IF1M2L CAN0IF1M2H CAN0MV2H CAN0IF1CRL CAN0IF1CRH P4 (All Pages) FLSCL (All Pages) FLKEY (All Pages) CAN0IP1L CAN0IP1H C0 CAN0CN B8 IP (All Pages) CAN0MV1L CAN0MV1H B0 P3 (All Pages) CAN0IP2L CAN0IP2H A8 IE (All Pages) CAN0ND1L CAN0ND1H CAN0ND2L CAN0ND2H A0 P2 CAN0BRPE (All Pages) CAN0TR1L CAN0TR1H CAN0TR2L CAN0TR2H 98 SCON0 (All Pages) CAN0BTL CAN0BTH CAN0IIDL CAN0IIDH 90 P1 (All Pages) CAN0CFG 88 TCON TMOD (All Pages) (All Pages) TL0 (All Pages) TL1 (All Pages) 80 P0 SP (All Pages) (All Pages) DPL (All Pages) DPH (All Pages) 2(A) 3(B) 0(8) 1(9) 7(F) CAN0IF2DB2H CAN0IF2DA1H CAN0IF1DB1L CAN0IF1DB1H CAN0IF1DB2L CAN0IF1DB2H C8 CAN0MV2L CAN0STAT TH0 (All Pages) 4(C) (bit addressable) 119 6(E) CAN0IF2DA1L CAN0IF2CML CAN0IF2CMH D8 D0 2(A) CAN0IF2DA2L CAN0IF2DA2H CAN0IF2DB1L CAN0IF2DB1H CAN0IF2DB2L Rev 1.5 SFRPAGE (All Pages) CAN0TST CAN0ERRL CAN0ERRH TH1 (All Pages) CKCON (All Pages) SFRNEXT (All Pages) SFRLAST (All Pages) PCON (All Pages) 5(D) 6(E) 7(F) C8051F58x/F59x Table 13.3. Special Function Registers SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved Register Address Description Page ACC 0xE0 Accumulator 99 ADC0CF 0xBC ADC0 Configuration 65 ADC0CN 0xE8 ADC0 Control 67 ADC0GTH 0xC4 ADC0 Greater-Than Compare High 69 ADC0GTL 0xC3 ADC0 Greater-Than Compare Low 69 ADC0H 0xBE ADC0 High 66 ADC0L 0xBD ADC0 Low 66 ADC0LTH 0xC6 ADC0 Less-Than Compare Word High 70 ADC0LTL 0xC5 ADC0 Less-Than Compare Word Low 70 ADC0MX 0xBB ADC0 Mux Configuration 73 ADC0TK 0xBA ADC0 Tracking Mode Select 68 B 0xF0 B Register 99 CCH0CN 0xE3 Cache Control 148 CKCON 0x8E Clock Control 286 CLKMUL 0x97 Clock Multiplier 182 CLKSEL 0x8F Clock Select 177 CPT0CN 0x9A Comparator0 Control 79 CPT0MD 0x9B Comparator0 Mode Selection 80 CPT0MX 0x9C Comparator0 MUX Selection 86 CPT1CN 0x9D Comparator1 Control 79 CPT1MD 0x9E Comparator1 Mode Selection 80 CPT1MX 0x9F Comparator1 MUX Selection 86 CPT2CN 0x9A Comparator2 Control 83 CPT2MD 0x9B Comparator2 Mode Selection 84 CPT2MX 0x9C Comparator2 MUX Selection 88 DPH 0x83 Data Pointer High 98 DPL 0x82 Data Pointer Low 98 EIE1 0xE6 Extended Interrupt Enable 1 132 EIE2 0xE7 Extended Interrupt Enable 2 132 EIP1 0xF6 Extended Interrupt Priority 1 133 EIP2 0xF7 Extended Interrupt Priority 2 134 EMI0CF 0xB2 External Memory Interface Configuration 163 EMI0CN 0xAA External Memory Interface Control 162 EMI0TC 0xAA External Memory Interface Timing Control 168 FLKEY 0xB7 Flash Lock and Key 146 Rev 1.5 120 C8051F58x/F59x Table 13.3. Special Function Registers (Continued) SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved Register Address Description Page FLSCL 0xB6 Flash Scale 147 IE 0xA8 Interrupt Enable 130 IP 0xB8 Interrupt Priority 131 IT01CF 0xE4 INT0/INT1 Configuration 137 LIN0ADR 0xD3 LIN0 Address 221 LIN0CF 0xC9 LIN0 Configuration 221 LIN0DAT 0xD2 LIN0 Data 222 OSCICN 0xA1 Internal Oscillator Control 179 OSCICRS 0xA2 Internal Oscillator Coarse Control 180 OSCIFIN 0x9E Internal Oscillator Fine Calibration 180 OSCXCN 0x9F External Oscillator Control 184 P0 0x80 Port 0 Latch 204 P0MASK 0xF2 Port 0 Mask Configuration 200 P0MAT 0xF1 Port 0 Match Configuration 200 P0MDIN 0xF1 Port 0 Input Mode Configuration 205 P0MDOUT 0xA4 Port 0 Output Mode Configuration 205 P0SKIP 0xD4 Port 0 Skip 206 P1 0x90 Port 1 Latch 206 P1MASK 0xF4 Port 1 Mask Configuration 201 P1MAT 0xF3 Port 1 Match Configuration 201 P1MDIN 0xF2 Port 1 Input Mode Configuration 207 P1MDOUT 0xA5 Port 1 Output Mode Configuration 207 P1SKIP 0xD5 Port 1 Skip 208 P2 0xA0 Port 2 Latch 208 P2MASK 0xB2 Port 2 Mask Configuration 202 P2MAT 0xB1 Port 2 Match Configuration 202 P2MDIN 0xF3 Port 2 Input Mode Configuration 209 P2MDOUT 0xA6 Port 2 Output Mode Configuration 209 P2SKIP 0xD6 Port 2 Skip 210 P3 0xB0 Port 3 Latch 210 P3MASK 0xAF Port 3 Mask Configuration 203 P3MAT 0xAE Port 3 Match Configuration 203 P3MDIN 0xF4 Port 3 Input Mode Configuration 211 P3MDOUT 0xAE Port 3 Output Mode Configuration 211 P3SKIP 0xD7 Port 3 Skip 212 P4 0xB5 Port 4 Latch 212 121 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 13.3. Special Function Registers (Continued) SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved Register Address Description Page P4MDOUT 0xAF Port 4 Output Mode Configuration 213 PCA0CN 0xD8 PCA0 Control 327 PCA0CPH0 0xFC PCA0 Capture 0 High 332 PCA0CPH1 0xEA PCA0 Capture 1 High 332 PCA0CPH2 0xEC PCA0 Capture 2 High 332 PCA0CPH3 0xEE PCA0 Capture 3 High 332 PCA0CPH4 0xFE PCA0 Capture 4 High 332 PCA0CPH5 0xCF PCA0 Capture 5 High 332 PCA0CPL0 0xFB PCA0 Capture 0 Low 332 PCA0CPL1 0xE9 PCA0 Capture 1 Low 332 PCA0CPL2 0xEB PCA0 Capture 2 Low 332 PCA0CPL3 0xED PCA0 Capture 3 Low 332 PCA0CPL4 0xFD PCA0 Capture 4 Low 332 PCA0CPL5 0xCE PCA0 Capture 5 Low 332 PCA0CPM0 0xDA PCA0 Module 0 Mode Register 330 PCA0CPM1 0xDB PCA0 Module 1 Mode Register 330 PCA0CPM2 0xDC PCA0 Module 2 Mode Register 330 PCA0CPM3 0xDD PCA0 Module 3 Mode Register 330 PCA0CPM4 0xDE PCA0 Module 4 Mode Register 330 PCA0CPM5 0xDF PCA0 Module 5 Mode Register 330 PCA0H 0xFA PCA0 Counter High 331 PCA0L 0xF9 PCA0 Counter Low 331 PCA0MD 0xD9 PCA0 Mode 328 PCA0PWM 0xD9 PCA0 PWM Configuration 329 PCA1CN 0xD8 PCA1 Control 345 PCA1CPH6 0xFC PCA1 Capture 6 High 350 PCA1CPH7 0xEA PCA1 Capture 7 High 350 PCA1CPH8 0xEC PCA1 Capture 8 High 350 PCA1CPH9 0xEE PCA1 Capture 9 High 350 PCA1CPH10 0xFE PCA1 Capture 10 High 350 PCA1CPH11 0xCF PCA1 Capture 11 High 350 PCA1CPL6 0xFB PCA1 Capture 6 Low 350 PCA1CPL7 0xE9 PCA1 Capture 7 Low 350 PCA1CPL8 0xEB PCA1 Capture 8 Low 350 PCA1CPL9 0xED PCA1 Capture 9 Low 350 PCA1CPL10 0xFD PCA1 Capture 10 Low 350 Rev 1.5 122 C8051F58x/F59x Table 13.3. Special Function Registers (Continued) SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved Register Address Description Page PCA1CPL11 0xCE PCA1 Capture 11 Low 350 PCA1CPM6 0xDA PCA1 Module 6 Mode Register 348 PCA1CPM7 0xDB PCA1 Module 7 Mode Register 348 PCA1CPM8 0xDC PCA1 Module 8 Mode Register 348 PCA1CPM9 0xDD PCA1 Module 9 Mode Register 348 PCA1CPM10 0xDE PCA1 Module 10 Mode Register 348 PCA1CPM11 0xDF PCA1 Module 11 Mode Register 348 PCA1H 0xFA PCA1 Counter High 349 PCA1L 0xF9 PCA1 Counter Low 349 PCA1MD 0xD9 PCA1 Mode 346 PCA1PWM 0xDA PCA1 PWM Configuration 347 PCON 0x87 Power Control 151 PSBANK 0xF5 Program Space Bank Select 104 PSCTL 0x8F Program Store R/W Control 145 PSW 0xD0 Program Status Word 100 REF0CN 0xD1 Voltage Reference Control 76 REG0CN 0xD1 Voltage Regulator Control 90 RSTSRC 0xEF Reset Source Configuration/Status 158 SBCON0 0xAB UART0 Baud Rate Generator Control 263 SBRLH0 0xAD UART0 Baud Rate Reload High Byte 264 SBRLL0 0xAC UART0 Baud Rate Reload Low Byte 264 SBUF0 0x99 UART0 Data Buffer 263 SCON0 0x98 UART0 Control 261 SBUF1 0x99 UART1 Data Buffer 270 SCON1 0x98 UART1 Control 269 SFR0CN 0x84 SFR Page Control 113 SFRLAST 0x86 SFR Stack Last Page 116 SFRNEXT 0x85 SFR Stack Next Page 115 SFRPAGE 0xA7 SFR Page Select 114 SMB0CF 0xC1 SMBus0 Configuration 245 SMB0CN 0xC0 SMBus0 Control 247 SMB0DAT 0xC2 SMBus0 Data 249 SMOD0 0xA9 UART0 Mode 262 SN0 0xF9 Serial Number 0 101 SN1 0xFA Serial Number 1 101 SN2 0xFB Serial Number 2 101 123 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 13.3. Special Function Registers (Continued) SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved Register Address Description Page SN3 0xFC Serial Number 3 101 SP 0x81 Stack Pointer 99 SPI0CFG 0xA1 SPI0 Configuration 279 SPI0CKR 0xA2 SPI0 Clock Rate Control 281 SPI0CN 0xF8 SPI0 Control 280 SPI0DAT 0xA3 SPI0 Data 281 TCON 0x88 Timer/Counter Control 291 TH0 0x8C Timer/Counter 0 High 294 TH1 0x8D Timer/Counter 1 High 294 TL0 0x8A Timer/Counter 0 Low 293 TL1 0x8B Timer/Counter 1 Low 293 TMOD 0x89 Timer/Counter Mode 292 TMR2CN 0xC8 Timer/Counter 2 Control 298 TMR2H 0xCD Timer/Counter 2 High 300 TMR2L 0xCC Timer/Counter 2 Low 300 TMR2RLH 0xCB Timer/Counter 2 Reload High 299 TMR2RLL 0xCA Timer/Counter 2 Reload Low 299 TMR3CN 0x91 Timer/Counter 3 Control 304 TMR3H 0x95 Timer/Counter 3 High 306 TMR3L 0x94 Timer/Counter 3 Low 306 TMR3RLH 0x93 Timer/Counter 3 Reload High 305 TMR3RLL 0x92 Timer/Counter 3 Reload Low 305 TMR4CAPH 0xCB Timer/Capture 4 Capture High 312 TMR4CAPL 0xCA Timer/Capture 4 Capture Low 312 TMR4CF 0xC9 Timer/Counter 4 Configuration 311 TMR4CN 0xC8 Timer/Counter 4 Control 310 TMR4H 0xCD Timer/Counter 4 High 313 TMR4L 0xCC Timer/Counter 4 High 313 TMR5CAPH 0x93 Timer/Capture 5 Capture High 312 TMR5CAPL 0x92 Timer/Capture 5 Capture Low 312 TMR5CF 0x96 Timer/Counter 5 Configuration 311 TMR5CN 0x91 Timer/Counter 5 Control 310 TMR5H 0x95 Timer/Counter 5 High 313 TMR4L 0x94 Timer/Counter 5 High 313 VDM0CN 0xFF VDD Monitor Control 156 XBR0 0xE1 Port I/O Crossbar Control 0 196 Rev 1.5 124 C8051F58x/F59x Table 13.3. Special Function Registers (Continued) SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved Register Address Description Page XBR1 0xE2 Port I/O Crossbar Control 1 197 XBR2 0xC7 Port I/O Crossbar Control 2 198 XBR3 0xC6 Port I/O Crossbar Control 3 199 Note: The CAN registers are not explicitly defined in this datasheet. See Table 22.2 on page 236 for the list of all available CAN registers. 125 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 14. Interrupts The C8051F58x/F59x devices include an extended interrupt system supporting a total of 23 interrupt sources with two priority levels. The allocation of interrupt sources between on-chip peripherals and external inputs pins varies according to the specific version of the device. Each interrupt source has one or more associated interrupt-pending flag(s) located in an SFR. When a peripheral or external source meets a valid interrupt condition, the associated interrupt-pending flag is set to logic 1. If interrupts are enabled for the source, an interrupt request is generated when the interrupt-pending flag is set. As soon as execution of the current instruction is complete, the CPU generates an LCALL to a predetermined address to begin execution of an interrupt service routine (ISR). Each ISR must end with an RETI instruction, which returns program execution to the next instruction that would have been executed if the interrupt request had not occurred. If interrupts are not enabled, the interrupt-pending flag is ignored by the hardware and program execution continues as normal. (The interrupt-pending flag is set to logic 1 regardless of the interrupt's enable/disable state.) Each interrupt source can be individually enabled or disabled through the use of an associated interrupt enable bit in an SFR (IE, EIE1, or EIE2). However, interrupts must first be globally enabled by setting the EA bit (IE.7) to logic 1 before the individual interrupt enables are recognized. Setting the EA bit to logic 0 disables all interrupt sources regardless of the individual interrupt-enable settings. Note: Any instruction that clears a bit to disable an interrupt should be immediately followed by an instruction that has two or more opcode bytes. Using EA (global interrupt enable) as an example: // in 'C': EA = 0; // clear EA bit. EA = 0; // this is a dummy instruction with two-byte opcode. ; in assembly: CLR EA ; clear EA bit. CLR EA ; this is a dummy instruction with two-byte opcode. For example, if an interrupt is posted during the execution phase of a "CLR EA" opcode (or any instruction which clears a bit to disable an interrupt source), and the instruction is followed by a single-cycle instruction, the interrupt may be taken. However, a read of the enable bit will return a 0 inside the interrupt service routine. When the bit-clearing opcode is followed by a multi-cycle instruction, the interrupt will not be taken. Some interrupt-pending flags are automatically cleared by the hardware when the CPU vectors to the ISR. However, most are not cleared by the hardware and must be cleared by software before returning from the ISR. If an interrupt-pending flag remains set after the CPU completes the return-from-interrupt (RETI) instruction, a new interrupt request will be generated immediately and the CPU will re-enter the ISR after the completion of the next instruction. 14.1. MCU Interrupt Sources and Vectors The C8051F58x/F59x MCUs support 23 interrupt sources. Software can simulate an interrupt by setting any interrupt-pending flag to logic 1. If interrupts are enabled for the flag, an interrupt request will be generated and the CPU will vector to the ISR address associated with the interrupt-pending flag. MCU interrupt sources, associated vector addresses, priority order and control bits are summarized in Table 14.1. Refer to the datasheet section associated with a particular on-chip peripheral for information regarding valid interrupt conditions for the peripheral and the behavior of its interrupt-pending flag(s). Rev 1.5 126 C8051F58x/F59x 14.1.1. Interrupt Priorities Each interrupt source can be individually programmed to one of two priority levels: low or high. A low priority interrupt service routine can be preempted by a high priority interrupt. A high priority interrupt cannot be preempted. Each interrupt has an associated interrupt priority bit in an SFR (IE, EIP1, or EIP2) used to configure its priority level. Low priority is the default. If two interrupts are recognized simultaneously, the interrupt with the higher priority is serviced first. If both interrupts have the same priority level, a fixed priority order is used to arbitrate, given in Table 14.1. 14.1.2. Interrupt Latency Interrupt response time depends on the state of the CPU when the interrupt occurs. Pending interrupts are sampled and priority decoded each system clock cycle. Therefore, the fastest possible response time is 5 system clock cycles: 1 clock cycle to detect the interrupt and 4 clock cycles to complete the LCALL to the ISR. If an interrupt is pending when a RETI is executed, a single instruction is executed before an LCALL is made to service the pending interrupt. Therefore, the maximum response time for an interrupt (when no other interrupt is currently being serviced or the new interrupt is of greater priority) occurs when the CPU is performing an RETI instruction followed by a DIV as the next instruction. In this case, the response time is 18 system clock cycles: 1 clock cycle to detect the interrupt, 5 clock cycles to execute the RETI, 8 clock cycles to complete the DIV instruction and 4 clock cycles to execute the LCALL to the ISR. If the CPU is executing an ISR for an interrupt with equal or higher priority, the new interrupt will not be serviced until the current ISR completes, including the RETI and following instruction. 127 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Interrupt Vector Priority Order Pending Flag Reset 0x0000 Top None External Interrupt 0 (INT0) Timer 0 Overflow External Interrupt 1 (INT1) Timer 1 Overflow UART0 0x0003 0 IE0 (TCON.1) N/A N/A Always Always Enabled Highest Y Y EX0 (IE.0) PX0 (IP.0) 0x000B 0x0013 1 2 TF0 (TCON.5) IE1 (TCON.3) Y Y Y Y ET0 (IE.1) PT0 (IP.1) EX1 (IE.2) PX1 (IP.2) 0x001B 0x0023 3 4 Y Y Y N ET1 (IE.3) PT1 (IP.3) ES0 (IE.4) PS0 (IP.4) Timer 2 Overflow 0x002B 5 Y N ET2 (IE.5) PT2 (IP.5) SPI0 0x0033 6 Y N ESPI0 (IE.6) PSPI0 (IP.6) SMB0 0x003B 7 TF1 (TCON.7) RI0 (SCON0.0) TI0 (SCON0.1) TF2H (TMR2CN.7) TF2L (TMR2CN.6) SPIF (SPI0CN.7) WCOL (SPI0CN.6) MODF (SPI0CN.5) RXOVRN (SPI0CN.4) SI (SMB0CN.0) Y N ADC0 Window Compare ADC0 Conversion Complete Programmable Counter Array 0 0x0043 8 Y N 0x004B 9 Y N 0x0053 10 Y N PSMB0 (EIP1.0) PWADC0 (EIP1.1) PADC0 (EIP1.2) PPCA0 (EIP1.3) Comparator0 0x005B 11 N N Comparator1 0x0063 12 Timer 3 Overflow 0x006B 13 LIN0 0x0073 14 CF (PCA0CN.7) CCFn (PCA0CN.n) COVF (PCA0PWM.6) CP0FIF (CPT0CN.4) CP0RIF (CPT0CN.5) CP1FIF (CPT1CN.4) CP1RIF (CPT1CN.5) TF3H (TMR3CN.7) TF3L (TMR3CN.6) LIN0INT (LINST.3) ESMB0 (EIE1.0) EWADC0 (EIE1.1) EADC0 (EIE1.2) EPCA0 (EIE1.3) Voltage Regulator Dropout CAN0 0x007B 15 N/A 0x0083 16 Port Match 0x008B 17 CAN0INT (CAN0CN.7) None AD0WINT (ADC0CN.3) AD0INT (ADC0CN.5) Rev 1.5 Cleared by HW? Interrupt Source Bit addressable? Table 14.1. Interrupt Summary Enable Flag ECP0 (EIE1.4) N N ECP1 (EIE1.5) N N ET3 (EIE1.6) N N* ELIN0 (EIE1.7) N/A N/A EREG0 (EIE2.0) N Y ECAN0 (EIE2.1) N/A N/A EMAT (EIE2.2) Priority Control PCP0 (EIP1.4) PCP1 (EIP1.5) PT3 (EIP1.6) PLIN0 (EIP1.7) PREG0 (EIP2.0) PCAN0 (EIP2.1) PMAT (EIP2.2) 128 C8051F58x/F59x Interrupt Vector Priority Order UART1 0x0093 18 Programmable Counter Array 1 Comparator2 0x009B 19 0x00A3 20 Timer 4 Overflow 0x00AB 21 Timer 5 Overflow 0x00B3 22 Pending Flag Cleared by HW? Interrupt Source Bit addressable? Table 14.1. Interrupt Summary RI1 (SCON1.0) TI1 (SCON1.1) CF (PCA1CN.n) CCFn (PCA1CN.n) CP2FIF (CPT2CN.4) CP2RIF (CPT2CN.5) TF4H (TMR4CN.7) TR4L (TMR4CN.6) TF5H (TMR5CN.7) TF5L (TMR5CN.6) Y N Y N N N N N N N Enable Flag ES1 (EIE2.3) EPCA1 (EIE2.4) ECP2 (EIE2.5) ET4 (EIE2.6) ET5 (EIE2.7) Priority Control PS1 (EIP2.3) PPCA1 (EIP2.4) PCP2 (EIP2.5) PT4 (EIP2.6) PT5 (EIP2.7) *Note: The LIN0INT bit is cleared by setting RSTINT (LINCTRL.3) 14.2. Interrupt Register Descriptions The SFRs used to enable the interrupt sources and set their priority level are described in this section. Refer to the data sheet section associated with a particular on-chip peripheral for information regarding valid interrupt conditions for the peripheral and the behavior of its interrupt-pending flag(s). 129 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 14.1. IE: Interrupt Enable Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name EA ESPI0 ET2 ES0 ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xA8; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name Function 7 EA Enable All Interrupts. Globally enables/disables all interrupts. It overrides individual interrupt mask settings. 0: Disable all interrupt sources. 1: Enable each interrupt according to its individual mask setting. 6 ESPI0 5 ET2 Enable Timer 2 Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the Timer 2 interrupt. 0: Disable Timer 2 interrupt. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF2L or TF2H flags. 4 ES0 Enable UART0 Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the UART0 interrupt. 0: Disable UART0 interrupt. 1: Enable UART0 interrupt. 3 ET1 Enable Timer 1 Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the Timer 1 interrupt. 0: Disable all Timer 1 interrupt. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF1 flag. 2 EX1 Enable External Interrupt 1. This bit sets the masking of External Interrupt 1. 0: Disable external interrupt 1. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the INT1 input. 1 ET0 Enable Timer 0 Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the Timer 0 interrupt. 0: Disable all Timer 0 interrupt. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF0 flag. 0 EX0 Enable External Interrupt 0. This bit sets the masking of External Interrupt 0. 0: Disable external interrupt 0. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the INT0 input. Enable Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI0) Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the SPI0 interrupts. 0: Disable all SPI0 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by SPI0. Rev 1.5 130 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 14.2. IP: Interrupt Priority Bit 7 Name 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PSPI0 PT2 PS0 PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0 Type R R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xB8; Bit-Addressable; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name Function 7 Unused 6 PSPI0 5 PT2 Timer 2 Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the Timer 2 interrupt. 0: Timer 2 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: Timer 2 interrupt set to high priority level. 4 PS0 UART0 Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the UART0 interrupt. 0: UART0 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: UART0 interrupt set to high priority level. 3 PT1 Timer 1 Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the Timer 1 interrupt. 0: Timer 1 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: Timer 1 interrupt set to high priority level. 2 PX1 External Interrupt 1 Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the External Interrupt 1 interrupt. 0: External Interrupt 1 set to low priority level. 1: External Interrupt 1 set to high priority level. 1 PT0 Timer 0 Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the Timer 0 interrupt. 0: Timer 0 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: Timer 0 interrupt set to high priority level. 0 PX0 External Interrupt 0 Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the External Interrupt 0 interrupt. 0: External Interrupt 0 set to low priority level. 1: External Interrupt 0 set to high priority level. 131 Read = 1b, Write = Don't Care. Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI0) Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the SPI0 interrupt. 0: SPI0 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: SPI0 interrupt set to high priority level. Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 14.3. EIE1: Extended Interrupt Enable 1 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ELIN0 ET3 ECP1 ECP0 EPCA0 EADC0 EWADC0 ESMB0 Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xE6; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name Function 7 ELIN0 6 ET3 5 ECP1 Enable Comparator1 (CP1) Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the CP1 interrupt. 0: Disable CP1 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the CP1RIF or CP1FIF flags. 4 ECP0 Enable Comparator0 (CP0) Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the CP0 interrupt. 0: Disable CP0 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the CP0RIF or CP0FIF flags. 3 EPCA0 Enable Programmable Counter Array (PCA0) Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the PCA0 interrupts. 0: Disable all PCA0 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by PCA0. 2 EADC0 Enable ADC0 Conversion Complete Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the ADC0 Conversion Complete interrupt. 0: Disable ADC0 Conversion Complete interrupt. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the AD0INT flag. 1 0 Enable LIN0 Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the LIN0 interrupt. 0: Disable LIN0 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the LIN0INT flag. Enable Timer 3 Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the Timer 3 interrupt. 0: Disable Timer 3 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF3L or TF3H flags. EWADC0 Enable Window Comparison ADC0 Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of ADC0 Window Comparison interrupt. 0: Disable ADC0 Window Comparison interrupt. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by ADC0 Window Compare flag (AD0WINT). ESMB0 Enable SMBus (SMB0) Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the SMB0 interrupt. 0: Disable all SMB0 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by SMB0. Rev 1.5 132 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 14.4. EIP1: Extended Interrupt Priority 1 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name PLIN0 PT3 PCP1 PCP0 PPCA0 PADC0 PWADC0 PSMB0 Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xF6; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name Function 7 PLIN0 6 PT3 Timer 3 Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the Timer 3 interrupt. 0: Timer 3 interrupts set to low priority level. 1: Timer 3 interrupts set to high priority level. 5 PCP1 Comparator0 (CP1) Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the CP1 interrupt. 0: CP1 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: CP1 interrupt set to high priority level. 4 PCP0 Comparator0 (CP0) Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the CP0 interrupt. 0: CP0 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: CP0 interrupt set to high priority level. 3 PPCA0 Programmable Counter Array (PCA0) Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the PCA0 interrupt. 0: PCA0 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: PCA0 interrupt set to high priority level. 2 PADC0 ADC0 Conversion Complete Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the ADC0 Conversion Complete interrupt. 0: ADC0 Conversion Complete interrupt set to low priority level. 1: ADC0 Conversion Complete interrupt set to high priority level. 1 0 133 LIN0 Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the LIN0 interrupt. 0: LIN0 interrupts set to low priority level. 1: LIN0 interrupts set to high priority level. PWADC0 ADC0 Window Comparator Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the ADC0 Window interrupt. 0: ADC0 Window interrupt set to low priority level. 1: ADC0 Window interrupt set to high priority level. PSMB0 SMBus (SMB0) Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the SMB0 interrupt. 0: SMB0 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: SMB0 interrupt set to high priority level. Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 14.5. EIE2: Extended Interrupt Enable 2 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ET5 ET4 ECP2 EPCA1 ES1 EMAT ECAN0 EREG0 Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xE7; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name Function 7 ET5 Enable Timer 5 Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the Timer 5 interrupt. 0: Disable Timer 5 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF5L or TF5H flags. 6 ET4 Enable Timer 4 Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the Timer 4 interrupt. 0: Disable Timer 4 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF4L or TF4H flags. 5 ECP2 4 EPCA1 3 ES1 2 EMAT 1 ECAN0 Enable CAN0 Interrupts. This bit sets the masking of the CAN0 interrupt. 0: Disable all CAN0 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by CAN0. 0 EREG0 Enable Voltage Regulator Dropout Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt. 0: Disable the Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt. 1: Enable the Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt. Enable Comparator2 (CP2) Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the CP2 interrupt. 0: Disable CP2 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the CP2RIF or CP2FIF flags. Enable Programmable Counter Array (PCA1) Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the PCA1 interrupts. 0: Disable all PCA1 interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by PCA1 Enable UART1 Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the UART1 interrupt. 0: Disable UART1 interrupt. 1: Enable UART1 interrupt Enable Port Match Interrupt. This bit sets the masking of the Port Match interrupt. 0: Disable all Port Match interrupts. 1: Enable interrupt requests generated by a Port Match Rev 1.5 134 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 14.6. EIP2: Extended Interrupt Priority Enabled 2 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name 2 1 0 PMAT PCAN0 PREG0 Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xF7; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name Function 7 PT5 Timer 5 Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the Timer 5 interrupt. 0: Timer 5 interrupts set to low priority level. 1: Timer 5 interrupts set to high priority level. 6 PT4 Timer 4 Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the Timer 4 interrupt. 0: Timer 4 interrupts set to low priority level. 1: Timer 4 interrupts set to high priority level. 5 PCP2 Comparator1 (CP1) Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the CP1 interrupt. 0: CP1 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: CP1 interrupt set to high priority level. 4 PPCA1 3 PS1 2 PMAT 1 PCAN0 CAN0 Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the CAN0 interrupt. 0: CAN0 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: CAN0 interrupt set to high priority level. 0 PREG0 Voltage Regulator Dropout Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt. 0: Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt set to low priority level. 1: Voltage Regulator Dropout interrupt set to high priority level. 135 Programmable Counter Array (PCA1) Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the PCA1 interrupt. 0: PCA1 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: PCA1 interrupt set to high priority level. UART1 Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the UART1 interrupt. 0: UART1 interrupt set to low priority level. 1: UART1 interrupt set to high priority level. Port Match Interrupt Priority Control. This bit sets the priority of the Port Match interrupt. 0: Port Match interrupt set to low priority level. 1: Port Match interrupt set to high priority level. Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 14.3. External Interrupts INT0 and INT1 The INT0 and INT1 external interrupt sources are configurable as active high or low, edge or level sensitive. The IN0PL (INT0 Polarity) and IN1PL (INT1 Polarity) bits in the IT01CF register select active high or active low; the IT0 and IT1 bits in TCON (Section “27.1. Timer 0 and Timer 1” on page 287) select level or edge sensitive. The table below lists the possible configurations. IT0 IN0PL INT0 Interrupt IT1 IN1PL INT1 Interrupt 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 Active low, edge sensitive Active high, edge sensitive Active low, level sensitive Active high, level sensitive 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 Active low, edge sensitive Active high, edge sensitive Active low, level sensitive Active high, level sensitive INT0 and INT1 are assigned to Port pins as defined in the IT01CF register (see SFR Definition 14.7). Note that INT0 and INT0 Port pin assignments are independent of any Crossbar assignments. INT0 and INT1 will monitor their assigned Port pins without disturbing the peripheral that was assigned the Port pin via the Crossbar. To assign a Port pin only to INT0 and/or INT1, configure the Crossbar to skip the selected pin(s). This is accomplished by setting the associated bit in register XBR0 (see Section “20.3. Priority Crossbar Decoder” on page 192 for complete details on configuring the Crossbar). IE0 (TCON.1) and IE1 (TCON.3) serve as the interrupt-pending flags for the INT0 and INT1 external interrupts, respectively. If an INT0 or INT1 external interrupt is configured as edge-sensitive, the corresponding interrupt-pending flag is automatically cleared by the hardware when the CPU vectors to the ISR. When configured as level sensitive, the interrupt-pending flag remains logic 1 while the input is active as defined by the corresponding polarity bit (IN0PL or IN1PL); the flag remains logic 0 while the input is inactive. The external interrupt source must hold the input active until the interrupt request is recognized. It must then deactivate the interrupt request before execution of the ISR completes or another interrupt request will be generated. Rev 1.5 136 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 14.7. IT01CF: INT0/INT1 Configuration Bit 7 6 Name IN1PL IN1SL[2:0] IN0PL IN0SL[2:0] Type R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 5 0 4 0 SFR Address = 0xE4; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7 6:4 3 2:0 137 IN1PL 3 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 Function INT1 Polarity. 0: INT1 input is active low. 1: INT1 input is active high. IN1SL[2:0] INT1 Port Pin Selection Bits. These bits select which Port pin is assigned to INT1. Note that this pin assignment is independent of the Crossbar; INT1 will monitor the assigned Port pin without disturbing the peripheral that has been assigned the Port pin via the Crossbar. The Crossbar will not assign the Port pin to a peripheral if it is configured to skip the selected pin. 000: Select P1.0 001: Select P1.1 010: Select P1.2 011: Select P1.3 100: Select P1.4 101: Select P1.5 110: Select P1.6 111: Select P1.7 IN0PL INT0 Polarity. 0: INT0 input is active low. 1: INT0 input is active high. IN0SL[2:0] INT0 Port Pin Selection Bits. These bits select which Port pin is assigned to INT0. Note that this pin assignment is independent of the Crossbar; INT0 will monitor the assigned Port pin without disturbing the peripheral that has been assigned the Port pin via the Crossbar. The Crossbar will not assign the Port pin to a peripheral if it is configured to skip the selected pin. 000: Select P1.0 001: Select P1.1 010: Select P1.2 011: Select P1.3 100: Select P1.4 101: Select P1.5 110: Select P1.6 111: Select P1.7 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 15. Flash Memory On-chip, re-programmable Flash memory is included for program code and non-volatile data storage. The Flash memory can be programmed in-system, a single byte at a time, through the C2 interface or by software using the MOVX instruction. Once cleared to logic 0, a Flash bit must be erased to set it back to logic 1. Flash bytes would typically be erased (set to 0xFF) before being reprogrammed. The write and erase operations are automatically timed by hardware for proper execution; data polling to determine the end of the write/erase operation is not required. Code execution is stalled during a Flash write/erase operation. Refer to Table 5.5 for complete Flash memory electrical characteristics. 15.1. Programming The Flash Memory The simplest means of programming the Flash memory is through the C2 interface using programming tools provided by Silicon Labs or a third party vendor. This is the only means for programming a non-initialized device. For details on the C2 commands to program Flash memory, see Section “30. C2 Interface” on page 351. The on-chip VDD Monitor must be enabled and set to the high threshold when executing code that writes and/or erases Flash memory from software. Systems that reprogram the Flash memory from software must use an external supply monitor and reprogram the high monitor threshold to ensure no issues with the uncalibrated internal regulator. See Section 15.4 for more details. Before performing any Flash write or erase procedure, set the FLEWT bit in Flash Scale register (FLSCL) to 1. Also, note that 8-bit MOVX instructions cannot be used to erase or write to Flash memory at addresses higher than 0x00FF. For –I (Industrial Grade) parts, parts programmed at a cold temperature below 0 °C may exhibit weakly programmed flash memory bits. If programmed at 0 °C or higher, there is no problem reading Flash across the entire temperature range of -40 °C to 125 °C. This temperature restriction does not apply to –A (Automotive Grade) devices. 15.1.1. Reprogramming the VDD Monitor High Threshold The output of the internal voltage regulator is calibrated by the MCU immediately after any reset event. The output of the un-calibrated internal regulator could be below the high threshold setting of the VDD Monitor. If this is the case and the MCU receives a non-power on reset (POR) when the VDD Monitor is set to the high threshold setting, the MCU will remain in reset until a POR occurs (i.e. VDD Monitor will keep the device in reset). A POR will force the VDD Monitor to the low threshold setting, which is guaranteed to be below the un-calibrated output of the internal regulator. The device will then exit reset and resume normal operation. It is for this reason Silicon Labs strongly recommends that the VDD Monitor is always left in the low threshold setting (i.e. default value upon POR). When programming the Flash in-system, the VDD Monitor must be set to the high threshold setting. To prevent this issue from happening and ensure the highest system reliability, firmware can change the VDD Monitor high threshold, and the system can use an external supply monitor that meets the Flash VDD requirement listed in Table 5.5 on page 48. To change the VDD Monitor high threshold, perform the following steps: 1. Disable interrupts. 2. Disable the VDD Monitor as a reset source by writing a value to RSTSRC that enables all reset sources needed by the application except the VDD Monitor. Do not use a read-modify-write instruction on the RSTSRC register. 3. Write 0x01 to the SFRPAGE register. 4. Copy the value from SFR address 0x93 (VDMLVLL) to SFR address 0x94 (VDMLVLH). 5. Write 0x00 to the SFRPAGE register. 6. Wait for the VDD Monitor to stabilize to its new output (see Table 5.4, “Reset Electrical Characteristics,” on page 48). 7. Re-enable the VDD Monitor as a reset source by writing a value to RSTSRC that enables all reset Rev 1.5 138 C8051F58x/F59x sources needed by the application including the VDD Monitor. Do not use a read-modify-write instruction on the RSTSRC register. 15.1.2. Flash Lock and Key Functions Flash writes and erases by user software are protected with a lock and key function. The Flash Lock and Key Register (FLKEY) must be written with the correct key codes, in sequence, before Flash operations may be performed. The key codes are: 0xA5, 0xF1. The timing does not matter, but the codes must be written in order. If the key codes are written out of order, or the wrong codes are written, Flash writes and erases will be disabled until the next system reset. Flash writes and erases will also be disabled if a Flash write or erase is attempted before the key codes have been written properly. The Flash lock resets after each write or erase; the key codes must be written again before a following Flash operation can be performed. The FLKEY register is detailed in SFR Definition 15.2. 15.1.3. Flash Erase Procedure The Flash memory can be programmed by software using the MOVX write instruction with the address and data byte to be programmed provided as normal operands. Before writing to Flash memory using MOVX, Flash write operations must be enabled by doing the following: (1) setting the PSWE Program Store Write Enable bit (PSCTL.0) to logic 1 (this directs the MOVX writes to target Flash memory); and (2) Writing the Flash key codes in sequence to the Flash Lock register (FLKEY). The PSWE bit remains set until cleared by software. A write to Flash memory can clear bits to logic 0 but cannot set them; only an erase operation can set bits to logic 1 in Flash. A byte location to be programmed should be erased before a new value is written. The Flash memory is organized in 512-byte pages. The erase operation applies to an entire page (setting all bytes in the page to 0xFF). To erase an entire 512-byte page, perform the following steps: 1. Disable interrupts (recommended). 2. If erasing a page in Banks 1, 2, or 3, set the COBANK[1:0] bits (register PSBANK) for the appropriate bank. 3. Set the FLEWT bit (register FLSCL). 4. Set the PSEE bit (register PSCTL). 5. Set the PSWE bit (register PSCTL). 6. Write the first key code to FLKEY: 0xA5. 7. Write the second key code to FLKEY: 0xF1. 8. Using the MOVX instruction, write a data byte to any location within the 512-byte page to be erased. 9. Clear the PSWE and PSEE bits. 139 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 15.1.4. Flash Write Procedure Flash bytes are programmed by software with the following sequence: 1. Disable interrupts (recommended). 2. If writing to an address in Banks 1, 2, or 3, set the COBANK[1:0] (register PSBANK) for the appropriate bank. 3. Erase the 512-byte Flash page containing the target location, as described in Section 15.1.3. 4. Set the FLEWT bit (register FLSCL). 5. Set the PSWE bit (register PSCTL). 6. Clear the PSEE bit (register PSCTL). 7. Write the first key code to FLKEY: 0xA5. 8. Write the second key code to FLKEY: 0xF1. 9. Using the MOVX instruction, write a single data byte to the desired location within the 512-byte sector. 10.Clear the PSWE bit. Steps 5–7 must be repeated for each byte to be written. After Flash writes are complete, PSWE should be cleared so that MOVX instructions do not target program memory. 15.1.5. Flash Write Optimization The Flash write procedure includes a block write option to optimize the time to perform consecutive byte writes. When block write is enabled by setting the CHBLKW bit (CCH0CN.0), writes to two consecutive bytes in Flash require the same amount of time as a single byte write. This is performed by caching the first byte that is written to Flash and then committing both bytes to Flash when the second byte is written. When block writes are enabled, if the second write does not occur, the first data byte written is not actually written to Flash. Flash bytes with block write enabled are programmed by software with the following sequence: 1. Disable interrupts (recommended). 2. If writing to an address in Banks 1, 2, or 3, set the COBANK[1:0] bits (register PSBANK) for the appropriate bank 3. Erase the 512-byte Flash page containing the target location, as described in Section 15.1.3. 4. Set the FLEWT bit (register FLSCL). 5. Set the CHBLKW bit (register CCH0CN). 6. Set the PSWE bit (register PSCTL). 7. Clear the PSEE bit (register PSCTL). 8. Write the first key code to FLKEY: 0xA5. 9. Write the second key code to FLKEY: 0xF1. 10.Using the MOVX instruction, write the first data byte to the desired location within the 512-byte sector. 11. Write the first key code to FLKEY: 0xA5. 12.Write the second key code to FLKEY: 0xF1. 13.Using the MOVX instruction, write the second data byte to the desired location within the 512-byte sector. The location of the second byte must be the next higher address from the first data byte. 14.Clear the PSWE bit. 15.Clear the CHBLKW bit. Rev 1.5 140 C8051F58x/F59x 15.2. Non-volatile Data Storage The Flash memory can be used for non-volatile data storage as well as program code. This allows data such as calibration coefficients to be calculated and stored at run time. Data is written using the MOVX write instruction and read using the MOVC instruction. Note that MOVX read instructions always target XRAM. 15.3. Security Options The CIP-51 provides security options to protect the Flash memory from inadvertent modification by software as well as to prevent the viewing of proprietary program code and constants. The Program Store Write Enable (bit PSWE in register PSCTL) and the Program Store Erase Enable (bit PSEE in register PSCTL) bits protect the Flash memory from accidental modification by software. PSWE must be explicitly set to 1 before software can modify the Flash memory; both PSWE and PSEE must be set to 1 before software can erase Flash memory. Additional security features prevent proprietary program code and data constants from being read or altered across the C2 interface. A Security Lock Byte located at the last byte of Flash user space offers protection of the Flash program memory from access (reads, writes, or erases) by unprotected code or the C2 interface. The Flash security mechanism allows the user to lock n 512-byte Flash pages, starting at page 0 (addresses 0x0000 to 0x01FF), where n is the ones complement number represented by the Security Lock Byte. Note that the page containing the Flash Security Lock Byte is unlocked when no other Flash pages are locked (all bits of the Lock Byte are 1) and locked when any other Flash pages are locked (any bit of the Lock Byte is 0). See example in Figure 15.1. Reserved Area Locked when any other FLASH pages are locked Lock Byte Lock Byte Page Unlocked FLASH Pages Access limit set according to the FLASH security lock byte Locked Flash Pages Security Lock Byte: 1s Complement: Flash pages locked: 11111101b 00000010b 3 (First two Flash pages + Lock Byte Page) Figure 15.1. Flash Program Memory Map 141 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x The level of Flash security depends on the Flash access method. The three Flash access methods that can be restricted are reads, writes, and erases from the C2 debug interface, user firmware executing on unlocked pages, and user firmware executing on locked pages. Table 15.1 summarizes the Flash security features of the C8051F58x/F59x devices. Table 15.1. Flash Security Summary Action C2 Debug Interface User Firmware executing from: an unlocked page a locked page Permitted Permitted Permitted Not Permitted Flash Error Reset Permitted Read or Write page containing Lock Byte (if no pages are locked) Permitted Permitted Permitted Read or Write page containing Lock Byte (if any page is locked) Not Permitted Flash Error Reset Permitted Read contents of Lock Byte (if no pages are locked) Permitted Permitted Permitted Read contents of Lock Byte (if any page is locked) Not Permitted Flash Error Reset Permitted Read, Write or Erase unlocked pages (except page with Lock Byte) Read, Write or Erase locked pages (except page with Lock Byte) Permitted Flash Error Reset Flash Error Reset C2 Device Erase Only Flash Error Reset Flash Error Reset Lock additional pages (change 1s to '0's in the Lock Byte) Not Permitted Flash Error Reset Flash Error Reset Unlock individual pages (change 0s to 1s in the Lock Byte) Not Permitted Flash Error Reset Flash Error Reset Read, Write or Erase Reserved Area Not Permitted Flash Error Reset Flash Error Reset Erase page containing Lock Byte (if no pages are locked) Erase page containing Lock Byte—Unlock all pages (if any page is locked) C2 Device Erase—Erases all Flash pages including the page containing the Lock Byte. Flash Error Reset—Not permitted; Causes Flash Error Device Reset (FERROR bit in RSTSRC is '1' after reset). - All prohibited operations that are performed via the C2 interface are ignored (do not cause device reset). - Locking any Flash page also locks the page containing the Lock Byte. - Once written to, the Lock Byte cannot be modified except by performing a C2 Device Erase. - If user code writes to the Lock Byte, the Lock does not take effect until the next device reset. Rev 1.5 142 C8051F58x/F59x 15.4. Flash Write and Erase Guidelines Any system which contains routines which write or erase Flash memory from software involves some risk that the write or erase routines will execute unintentionally if the CPU is operating outside its specified operating range of VDD, system clock frequency, or temperature. This accidental execution of Flash modifying code can result in alteration of Flash memory contents causing a system failure that is only recoverable by re-Flashing the code in the device. The following guidelines are recommended for any system which contains routines which write or erase Flash from code. 15.4.1. VDD Maintenance and the VDD monitor 1. If the system power supply is subject to voltage or current "spikes," add sufficient transient protection devices to the power supply to ensure that the supply voltages listed in the Absolute Maximum Ratings table are not exceeded. 2. Make certain that the minimum VREGIN rise time specification of 1 ms is met. If the system cannot meet this rise time specification, then add an external VDD brownout circuit to the RST pin of the device that holds the device in reset until VDD reaches the minimum threshold and re-asserts RST if VDD drops below the minimum threshold. 3. Enable the on-chip VDD monitor to the high setting and enable the VDD monitor as a reset source as early in code as possible. This should be the first set of instructions executed after the Reset Vector. For C-based systems, this will involve modifying the startup code added by the C compiler. See your compiler documentation for more details. Make certain that there are no delays in software between enabling the VDD monitor and enabling the VDD monitor as a reset source. Code examples showing this can be found in “AN201: Writing to Flash from Firmware", available from the Silicon Laboratories web site. 4. As an added precaution, explicitly enable the VDD monitor and enable the VDD monitor as a reset source inside the functions that write and erase Flash memory. The VDD monitor enable instructions should be placed just after the instruction to set PSWE to a 1, but before the Flash write or erase operation instruction. Note: The output of the internal voltage regulator is calibrated by the MCU immediately after any reset event. The output of the un-calibrated internal regulator could be below the high threshold setting of the VDD Monitor. If this is the case, and the MCU receives a non-power on reset (POR) when the VDD Monitor is set to the high threshold setting, the MCU will remain in reset until a POR occurs (i.e. VDD Monitor will keep the device in reset). A POR will force the VDD Monitor to the low threshold setting, which is guaranteed to be below the un-calibrated output of the internal regulator. The device will then exit reset and resume normal operation. It is for this reason Silicon Labs strongly recommends that the VDD Monitor is always left in the low threshold setting (i.e. default value upon POR). When programming the Flash in-system, the VDD Monitor must be set to the high threshold setting. To prevent this issue from happening and ensure the highest system reliability, firmware can change the VDD Monitor high threshold, and the system must use an external supply monitor. For instructions on how to do this, see “Reprogramming the VDD Monitor High Threshold” on page 138. 5. Make certain that all writes to the RSTSRC (Reset Sources) register use direct assignment operators and explicitly DO NOT use the bit-wise operators (such as AND or OR). For example, "RSTSRC = 0x02" is correct. "RSTSRC |= 0x02" is incorrect. 6. Make certain that all writes to the RSTSRC register explicitly set the PORSF bit to a 1. Areas to check are initialization code which enables other reset sources, such as the Missing Clock Detector or Comparator, for example, and instructions which force a Software Reset. A global search on "RSTSRC" can quickly verify this. 143 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 15.4.2. PSWE Maintenance 1. Reduce the number of places in code where the PSWE bit (b0 in PSCTL) is set to a 1. There should be exactly one routine in code that sets PSWE to a 1 to write Flash bytes and one routine in code that sets PSWE and PSEE both to a 1 to erase Flash pages. 2. Minimize the number of variable accesses while PSWE is set to a 1. Handle pointer address updates and loop variable maintenance outside the "PSWE = 1;... PSWE = 0;" area. Code examples showing this can be found in ”AN201: Writing to Flash from Firmware" available from the Silicon Laboratories web site. 3. Disable interrupts prior to setting PSWE to a 1 and leave them disabled until after PSWE has been reset to 0. Any interrupts posted during the Flash write or erase operation will be serviced in priority order after the Flash operation has been completed and interrupts have been re-enabled by software. 4. Make certain that the Flash write and erase pointer variables are not located in XRAM. See your compiler documentation for instructions regarding how to explicitly locate variables in different memory areas. 5. Add address bounds checking to the routines that write or erase Flash memory to ensure that a routine called with an illegal address does not result in modification of the Flash. 15.4.3. System Clock 1. If operating from an external crystal, be advised that crystal performance is susceptible to electrical interference and is sensitive to layout and to changes in temperature. If the system is operating in an electrically noisy environment, use the internal oscillator or use an external CMOS clock. 2. If operating from the external oscillator, switch to the internal oscillator during Flash write or erase operations. The external oscillator can continue to run, and the CPU can switch back to the external oscillator after the Flash operation has completed. Additional Flash recommendations and example code can be found in ”AN201: Writing to Flash from Firmware" available from the Silicon Laboratories web site. Rev 1.5 144 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 15.1. PSCTL: Program Store R/W Control Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 Name 1 0 PSEE PSWE Type R R R R R R R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x8F; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:2 Unused 1 PSEE Function Read = 000000b, Write = don’t care. Program Store Erase Enable. Setting this bit (in combination with PSWE) allows an entire page of Flash program memory to be erased. If this bit is logic 1 and Flash writes are enabled (PSWE is logic 1), a write to Flash memory using the MOVX instruction will erase the entire page that contains the location addressed by the MOVX instruction. The value of the data byte written does not matter. 0: Flash program memory erasure disabled. 1: Flash program memory erasure enabled. 0 PSWE Program Store Write Enable. Setting this bit allows writing a byte of data to the Flash program memory using the MOVX write instruction. The Flash location should be erased before writing data. 0: Writes to Flash program memory disabled. 1: Writes to Flash program memory enabled; the MOVX write instruction targets Flash memory. 145 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 15.2. FLKEY: Flash Lock and Key Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name FLKEY[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xB7; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name 7:0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function FLKEY[7:0] Flash Lock and Key Register. Write: This register provides a lock and key function for Flash erasures and writes. Flash writes and erases are enabled by writing 0xA5 followed by 0xF1 to the FLKEY register. Flash writes and erases are automatically disabled after the next write or erase is complete. If any writes to FLKEY are performed incorrectly, or if a Flash write or erase operation is attempted while these operations are disabled, the Flash will be permanently locked from writes or erasures until the next device reset. If an application never writes to Flash, it can intentionally lock the Flash by writing a non-0xA5 value to FLKEY from software. Read: When read, bits 1–0 indicate the current Flash lock state. 00: Flash is write/erase locked. 01: The first key code has been written (0xA5). 10: Flash is unlocked (writes/erases allowed). 11: Flash writes/erases disabled until the next reset. Rev 1.5 146 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 15.3. FLSCL: Flash Scale Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name Reserved Reserved Reserved FLRT Reserved Reserved FLEWT Reserved Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xB6; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name 7:5 Reserved 4 FLRT Function Must Write 000b. Flash Read Time Control. This bit should be programmed to the smallest allowed value, according to the system clock speed. 0: SYSCLK < 25 MHz (Flash read strobe is one system clock). 1: SYSCLK > 25 MHz (Flash read strobe is two system clocks). 3:2 Reserved 1 FLEWT Must Write 00b. Flash Erase Write Time Control. This bit should be set to 1b before Writing or Erasing Flash. 0: Short Flash Erase / Write Timing. 1: Extended Flash Erase / Write Timing. 0 147 Reserved Must Write 0b. Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 15.4. CCH0CN: Cache Control Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name Reserved Reserved CHPFEN Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved CHBLKW Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 SFR Address = 0xE3; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name Function 7:6 Reserved Must Write 00b 5 CHPFEN Cache Prefect Enable Bit. 0: Prefetch engine is disabled. 1: Prefetch engine is enabled. 4:1 Reserved Must Write 0000b. 0 CHBLKW Block Write Enable Bit. This bit allows block writes to Flash memory from firmware. 0: Each byte of a software Flash write is written individually. 1: Flash bytes are written in groups of two. SFR Definition 15.5. ONESHOT: Flash Oneshot Period Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name 2 PERIOD[3:0] Type R R R R R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xBE; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7:4 3:0 Unused Function Read = 0000b. Write = don’t care. PERIOD[3:0] Oneshot Period Control Bits. These bits limit the internal Flash read strobe width as follows. When the Flash read strobe is de-asserted, the Flash memory enters a low-power state for the remainder of the system clock cycle. These bits have no effect when the system clocks is greater than 12.5 MHz and FLRT = 0. FLASH RDMAX = 5ns +  PERIOD  5ns  Rev 1.5 148 C8051F58x/F59x 16. Power Management Modes The C8051F58x/F59x devices have three software programmable power management modes: Idle, Stop, and Suspend. Idle mode and Stop mode are part of the standard 8051 architecture, while Suspend mode is an enhanced power-saving mode implemented by the high-speed oscillator peripheral. Idle mode halts the CPU while leaving the peripherals and clocks active. In Stop mode, the CPU is halted, all interrupts and timers (except the Missing Clock Detector) are inactive, and the internal oscillator is stopped (analog peripherals remain in their selected states; the external oscillator is not affected). Suspend mode is similar to Stop mode in that the internal oscillator and CPU are halted, but the device can wake on events, such as a Port Match or Comparator low output. Since clocks are running in Idle mode, power consumption is dependent upon the system clock frequency and the number of peripherals left in active mode before entering Idle. Stop mode and Suspend mode consume the least power because the majority of the device is shut down with no clocks active. SFR Definition 16.1 describes the Power Control Register (PCON) used to control the C8051F58x/F59x devices’ Stop and Idle power management modes. Suspend mode is controlled by the SUSPEND bit in the OSCICN register (SFR Definition 19.2). Although the C8051F58x/F59x has Idle, Stop, and Suspend modes available, more control over the device power can be achieved by enabling/disabling individual peripherals as needed. Each analog peripheral can be disabled when not in use and placed in low power mode. Digital peripherals, such as timers or serial buses, draw little power when they are not in use. Turning off oscillators lowers power consumption considerably, at the expense of reduced functionality. 16.1. Idle Mode Setting the Idle Mode Select bit (PCON.0) causes the hardware to halt the CPU and enter Idle mode as soon as the instruction that sets the bit completes execution. All internal registers and memory maintain their original data. All analog and digital peripherals can remain active during Idle mode. Idle mode is terminated when an enabled interrupt is asserted or a reset occurs. The assertion of an enabled interrupt will cause the Idle Mode Selection bit (PCON.0) to be cleared and the CPU to resume operation. The pending interrupt will be serviced and the next instruction to be executed after the return from interrupt (RETI) will be the instruction immediately following the one that set the Idle Mode Select bit. If Idle mode is terminated by an internal or external reset, the CIP-51 performs a normal reset sequence and begins program execution at address 0x0000. Note: If the instruction following the write of the IDLE bit is a single-byte instruction and an interrupt occurs during the execution phase of the instruction that sets the IDLE bit, the CPU may not wake from Idle mode when a future interrupt occurs. Therefore, instructions that set the IDLE bit should be followed by an instruction that has two or more opcode bytes, for example: // in ‘C’: PCON |= 0x01; PCON = PCON; // set IDLE bit // ... followed by a 3-cycle dummy instruction ; in assembly: ORL PCON, #01h MOV PCON, PCON ; set IDLE bit ; ... followed by a 3-cycle dummy instruction If enabled, the Watchdog Timer (WDT) will eventually cause an internal watchdog reset and thereby terminate the Idle mode. This feature protects the system from an unintended permanent shutdown in the event of an inadvertent write to the PCON register. If this behavior is not desired, the WDT may be disabled by software prior to entering the Idle mode if the WDT was initially configured to allow this operation. This provides the opportunity for additional power savings, allowing the system to remain in the Idle mode indefinitely, waiting for an external stimulus to wake up the system. Refer to Section “17.6. PCA Watchdog Timer Reset” on page 157 for more information on the use and configuration of the WDT. Rev 1.5 149 C8051F58x/F59x 16.2. Stop Mode Setting the Stop Mode Select bit (PCON.1) causes the controller core to enter Stop mode as soon as the instruction that sets the bit completes execution. In Stop mode the internal oscillator, CPU, and all digital peripherals are stopped; the state of the external oscillator circuit is not affected. Each analog peripheral (including the external oscillator circuit) may be shut down individually prior to entering Stop Mode. Stop mode can only be terminated by an internal or external reset. On reset, the device performs the normal reset sequence and begins program execution at address 0x0000. If enabled, the Missing Clock Detector will cause an internal reset and thereby terminate the Stop mode. The Missing Clock Detector should be disabled if the CPU is to be put to in STOP mode for longer than the MCD timeout of 100 µs. 16.3. Suspend Mode Setting the SUSPEND bit (OSCICN.5) causes the hardware to halt the CPU and the high-frequency internal oscillator, and go into Suspend mode as soon as the instruction that sets the bit completes execution. All internal registers and memory maintain their original data. Most digital peripherals are not active in Suspend mode. The exception to this is the Port Match feature. Suspend mode can be terminated by three types of events, a port match (described in Section “20.5. Port Match” on page 200), a Comparator low output (if enabled), or a device reset event. When Suspend mode is terminated, the device will continue execution on the instruction following the one that set the SUSPEND bit. If the wake event was configured to generate an interrupt, the interrupt will be serviced upon waking the device. If Suspend mode is terminated by an internal or external reset, the CIP-51 performs a normal reset sequence and begins program execution at address 0x0000. Note: When entering Suspend mode, firmware must set the ZTCEN bit in REF0CN (SFR Definition 8.1). 150 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 16.1. PCON: Power Control Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name GF[5:0] STOP IDLE Type R/W R/W R/W 0 0 Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x87; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name 7:2 GF[5:0] 0 0 Function General Purpose Flags 5–0. These are general purpose flags for use under software control. 1 STOP Stop Mode Select. Setting this bit will place the CIP-51 in Stop mode. This bit will always be read as 0. 1: CPU goes into Stop mode (internal oscillator stopped). 0 IDLE IDLE: Idle Mode Select. Setting this bit will place the CIP-51 in Idle mode. This bit will always be read as 0. 1: CPU goes into Idle mode. (Shuts off clock to CPU, but clock to Timers, Interrupts, Serial Ports, and Analog Peripherals are still active.) Rev 1.5 151 C8051F58x/F59x 17. Reset Sources Reset circuitry allows the controller to be easily placed in a predefined default condition. On entry to this reset state, the following occur:  CIP-51 halts program execution  Special Function Registers (SFRs) are initialized to their defined reset values  External Port pins are forced to a known state  Interrupts and timers are disabled. All SFRs are reset to the predefined values noted in the SFR detailed descriptions. The contents of internal data memory are unaffected during a reset; any previously stored data is preserved. However, since the stack pointer SFR is reset, the stack is effectively lost, even though the data on the stack is not altered. The Port I/O latches are reset to 0xFF (all logic ones) in open-drain mode. Weak pullups are enabled during and after the reset. For VDD Monitor and power-on resets, the RST pin is driven low until the device exits the reset state. Note: When VIO rises faster than VDD, which can happen when VREGIN and VIO are tied together, a delay created between GPIO power (VIO) and the logic controlling GPIO (VDD) results in a temporary unknown state at the GPIO pins. Cross coupling VIO and VDD with a 4.7 μF capacitor allows VIO and VDD to rise at the same rate and prevents the issue from occurring. On exit from the reset state, the program counter (PC) is reset, and the system clock defaults to the internal oscillator. The Watchdog Timer is enabled with the system clock divided by 12 as its clock source. Program execution begins at location 0x0000. VDD Power On Reset VDD Monitor Reset Supply Monitor '0' Enable (wired-OR) /RST + C0RSEF Missing Clock Detector (oneshot) EN Reset Funnel PCA WDT (Software Reset) SWRSF Errant FLASH Operation EN System Clock WDT Enable Px.x + - Comparator 0 MCD Enable Px.x CIP-51 Microcontroller Core System Reset Extended Interrupt Handler Figure 17.1. Reset Sources Rev 1.5 152 C8051F58x/F59x 17.1. Power-On Reset During power-up, the device is held in a reset state and the RST pin is driven low until VDD settles above VRST. A delay occurs before the device is released from reset; the delay decreases as the VDD ramp time increases (VDD ramp time is defined as how fast VDD ramps from 0 V to VRST). Figure 17.2. plots the power-on and VDD monitor reset timing. The maximum VDD ramp time is 1 ms; slower ramp times may cause the device to be released from reset before VDD reaches the VRST level. For ramp times less than 1 ms, the power-on reset delay (TPORDelay) is typically less than 0.3 ms. On exit from a power-on reset, the PORSF flag (RSTSRC.1) is set by hardware to logic 1. When PORSF is set, all of the other reset flags in the RSTSRC Register are indeterminate (PORSF is cleared by all other resets). Since all resets cause program execution to begin at the same location (0x0000) software can read the PORSF flag to determine if a power-up was the cause of reset. The content of internal data memory should be assumed to be undefined after a power-on reset. The VDD monitor is enabled following a power-on reset. volts Note: For devices with a date code before year 2011, work week 24 (1124), if the /RST pin is held low for more than 1 second while power is applied to the device, and then /RST is released, a percentage of devices may lock up and fail to execute code. Toggling the /RST pin does not clear the condition. The condition is cleared by cycling power. Most devices that are affected will show the lock up behavior only within a narrow range of temperatures (a 5 to 10 °C window). Parts with a date code of year 2011, work week 24 (1124) or later do not have any restrictions on /RST low time. The date code is included in the bottom-most line of the package top side marking. The date code is a fourdigit number with the format YYWW, where YY is the two-digit calendar year and WW is the two digit work week. VDD 2.45 2.25 VRST VD D 2.0 1.0 t Logic HIGH /RST TPORDelay Logic LOW VDD Monitor Reset Power-On Reset Figure 17.2. Power-On and VDD Monitor Reset Timing 153 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 17.2. Power-Fail Reset/VDD Monitor When a power-down transition or power irregularity causes VDD to drop below VRST, the power supply monitor will drive the RST pin low and hold the CIP-51 in a reset state (see Figure 17.2). When VDD returns to a level above VRST, the CIP-51 will be released from the reset state. Note that even though internal data memory contents are not altered by the power-fail reset, it is impossible to determine if VDD dropped below the level required for data retention. If the PORSF flag reads 1, the data may no longer be valid. The VDD monitor is enabled after power-on resets. Its defined state (enabled/disabled) is not altered by any other reset source. For example, if the VDD monitor is disabled by code and a software reset is performed, the VDD monitor will still be disabled after the reset. To protect the integrity of Flash contents, the VDD monitor must be enabled to the higher setting (VDMLVL = 1) and selected as a reset source if software contains routines which erase or write Flash memory. If the VDD monitor is not enabled and set to the high level, any erase or write performed on Flash memory will cause a Flash Error device reset. Important Note: If the VDD monitor is being turned on from a disabled state, it should be enabled before it is selected as a reset source. Selecting the VDD monitor as a reset source before it is enabled and stabilized may cause a system reset. The VDD monitor should be disabled before making any changes to the threshold level selection (VDMLVL) or the threshold registers (VDMCALL and VDMCALH). To ensure that the output of the VDD monitor has stabilized after updating these values, a delay should be added between any change of VDMLVL, VDMCALL, or VDMCALH and enabling the VDD monitor as a reset source. See Table 5.4, “Reset Electrical Characteristics,” on page 48 for information regarding the length of the delay. 1. Enable the VDD monitor (VDMEN bit in VDM0CN = 1). a. If the VDD monitor was previously disabled and firmware in question is in a flash write or erase routine, ensure there are no delays before proceeding to Step 2. b. If the VDD monitor was previously disabled and the firmware in question is not in a flash write or erase routine, add a delay to address the VDD monitor settling time before proceeding to Step 2. c. No delay is required if the VDD monitor is already enabled (i.e. enabled going to enabled). 2. Select the VDD monitor as a reset source (PORSF bit in RSTSRC = 1). See Figure 17.2 for VDD monitor timing; note that the power-on-reset delay is not incurred after a VDD monitor reset. See Table 5.4 for complete electrical characteristics of the VDD monitor. When programming the Flash in-system, the VDD Monitor must be set to the high threshold setting. For the highest system reliability, firmware can change the VDD Monitor high threshold, and the system must use an external supply monitor. For instructions on how to do this, see “Reprogramming the VDD Monitor High Threshold” on page 138. Note: The output of the internal voltage regulator is calibrated by the MCU immediately after any reset event. The output of the un-calibrated internal regulator could be below the high threshold setting of the VDD Monitor. If this is the case, and the MCU receives a non-power on reset (POR) when the VDD Monitor is set to the high threshold setting, the MCU will remain in reset until a POR occurs (i.e. VDD Monitor will keep the device in reset). A POR will force the VDD Monitor to the low threshold setting, which is guaranteed to be below the un-calibrated output of the internal regulator. The device will then exit reset and resume normal operation. It is for this reason Silicon Labs strongly recommends that the VDD Monitor is always left in the low threshold setting (i.e. default value upon POR). Rev 1.5 154 C8051F58x/F59x Note: The VDD Monitor may trigger on fast changes in voltage on the VDD pin, regardless of whether the voltage increased or decreased. 155 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 17.1. VDM0CN: VDD Monitor Control Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name VDMEN VDDSTAT VDMLVL Type R/W R R/W R R R R R Reset Varies Varies 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xFF; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7 VDMEN Function VDD Monitor Enable. This bit turns the VDD monitor circuit on/off. The VDD Monitor cannot generate system resets until it is also selected as a reset source in register RSTSRC (SFR Definition 17.2). Selecting the VDD monitor as a reset source before it has stabilized may generate a system reset. 0: VDD Monitor Disabled. 1: VDD Monitor Enabled. 6 VDDSTAT VDD Status. This bit indicates the current power supply status (VDD Monitor output). 0: VDD is at or below the VDD monitor threshold. 1: VDD is above the VDD monitor threshold. 5 VDMLVL VDD Monitor Level Select. 0: VDD Monitor Threshold is set to VRST-LOW 1: VDD Monitor Threshold is set to VRST-HIGH. This setting is required for any system includes code that writes to and/or erases Flash. 4:0 Unused Read = 00000b; Write = Don’t care. 17.3. External Reset The external RST pin provides a means for external circuitry to force the device into a reset state. Asserting an active-low signal on the RST pin generates a reset; an external pullup and/or decoupling of the RST pin may be necessary to avoid erroneous noise-induced resets. See Table 5.4 for complete RST pin specifications. The PINRSF flag (RSTSRC.0) is set on exit from an external reset. 17.4. Missing Clock Detector Reset The Missing Clock Detector (MCD) is a one-shot circuit that is triggered by the system clock. If the system clock remains high or low formore than the value specified in Table 5.4, the one-shot will time out and generate a reset. After a MCD reset, the MCDRSF flag (RSTSRC.2) will read 1, signifying the MCD as the reset source; otherwise, this bit reads 0. Writing a 1 to the MCDRSF bit enables the Missing Clock Detector; writing a 0 disables it. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset. 17.5. Comparator0 Reset Comparator0 can be configured as a reset source by writing a 1 to the C0RSEF flag (RSTSRC.5). Comparator0 should be enabled and allowed to settle prior to writing to C0RSEF to prevent any turn-on chatter on the output from generating an unwanted reset. The Comparator0 reset is active-low: if the non-inverting Rev 1.5 156 C8051F58x/F59x input voltage (on CP0+) is less than the inverting input voltage (on CP0–), the device is put into the reset state. After a Comparator0 reset, the C0RSEF flag (RSTSRC.5) will read 1 signifying Comparator0 as the reset source; otherwise, this bit reads 0. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset. 17.6. PCA Watchdog Timer Reset The programmable Watchdog Timer (WDT) function of the Programmable Counter Array (PCA0) can be used to prevent software from running out of control during a system malfunction. The PCA WDT function can be enabled or disabled by software as described in Section “28.4. Watchdog Timer Mode” on page 324; the WDT is enabled and clocked by SYSCLK/12 following any reset. If a system malfunction prevents user software from updating the WDT, a reset is generated and the WDTRSF bit (RSTSRC.5) is set to 1. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset. 17.7. Flash Error Reset If a Flash read/write/erase or program read targets an illegal address, a system reset is generated. This may occur due to any of the following:  A Flash write or erase is attempted above user code space. This occurs when PSWE is set to 1 and a MOVX write operation targets an address above address 0xFBFF in Bank 3 on C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 or any address in Bank 3 on C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1 devices.  A Flash read is attempted above user code space. This occurs when a MOVC operation targets an address above address 0xFBFF in Bank 3 on C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 or any address in Bank 3 on C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1 devices.  A Program read is attempted above user code space. This occurs when user code attempts to branch to an address above 0xFBFF in Bank 3 on C8051F580/1/2/3/8/9 or any address in Bank 3 on C8051F584/5/6/7-F590/1 devices.  A Flash read, write or erase attempt is restricted due to a Flash security setting (see Section “15.3. Security Options” on page 141).  A Flash read, write, or erase is attempted when the VDD Monitor is not enabled to the high threshold and set as a reset source The FERROR bit (RSTSRC.6) is set following a Flash error reset. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset. 17.8. Software Reset Software may force a reset by writing a 1 to the SWRSF bit (RSTSRC.4). The SWRSF bit will read 1 following a software forced reset. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset. 157 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 17.2. RSTSRC: Reset Source Bit 7 Name 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 FERROR C0RSEF SWRSF WDTRSF MCDRSF PORSF PINRSF Type R R R/W R/W R R/W R/W R Reset 0 Varies Varies Varies Varies Varies Varies Varies SFR Address = 0xEF; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name Description 7 Unused Unused. Write Read Don’t care. 0 Set to 1 if Flash read/write/erase error caused the last reset. 6 FERROR Flash Error Reset Flag. N/A 5 C0RSEF Comparator0 Reset Enable and Flag. Writing a 1 enables Com- Set to 1 if Comparator0 parator0 as a reset source caused the last reset. (active-low). 4 SWRSF Writing a 1 forces a system reset. Software Reset Force and Flag. 3 WDTRSF Watchdog Timer Reset Flag. N/A 2 MCDRSF Missing Clock Detector Enable and Flag. Set to 1 if last reset was caused by a write to SWRSF. Set to 1 if Watchdog Timer overflow caused the last reset. Writing a 1 enables the Set to 1 if Missing Clock Missing Clock Detector. Detector timeout caused The MCD triggers a reset the last reset. if a missing clock condition is detected. 1 PORSF Writing a 1 enables the Power-On/VDD Monitor Reset Flag, and VDD monitor VDD monitor as a reset source. Reset Enable. Writing 1 to this bit before the VDD monitor is enabled and stabilized may cause a system reset. Set to 1 anytime a poweron or VDD monitor reset occurs. When set to 1 all other RSTSRC flags are indeterminate. 0 PINRSF HW Pin Reset Flag. Set to 1 if RST pin caused the last reset. N/A Note: Do not use read-modify-write operations on this register Rev 1.5 158 C8051F58x/F59x 18. External Data Memory Interface and On-Chip XRAM For C8051F58x/F59x devices, 8 kB of RAM are included on-chip and mapped into the external data memory space (XRAM). Additionally, an External Memory Interface (EMIF) is available on the C8051F580/1/4/5 and C8051F588/9-F590/1 devices, which can be used to access off-chip data memories and memorymapped devices connected to the GPIO ports. The external memory space may be accessed using the external move instruction (MOVX) and the data pointer (DPTR), or using the MOVX indirect addressing mode using R0 or R1. If the MOVX instruction is used with an 8-bit address operand (such as @R1), then the high byte of the 16-bit address is provided by the External Memory Interface Control Register (EMI0CN, shown in SFR Definition 18.1). Note: The MOVX instruction can also be used for writing to the Flash memory. See Section “15. Flash Memory” on page 138 for details. The MOVX instruction accesses XRAM by default. 18.1. Accessing XRAM The XRAM memory space is accessed using the MOVX instruction. The MOVX instruction has two forms, both of which use an indirect addressing method. The first method uses the Data Pointer, DPTR, a 16-bit register which contains the effective address of the XRAM location to be read from or written to. The second method uses R0 or R1 in combination with the EMI0CN register to generate the effective XRAM address. Examples of both of these methods are given below. 18.1.1. 16-Bit MOVX Example The 16-bit form of the MOVX instruction accesses the memory location pointed to by the contents of the DPTR register. The following series of instructions reads the value of the byte at address 0x1234 into the accumulator A: MOV MOVX DPTR, #1234h A, @DPTR ; load DPTR with 16-bit address to read (0x1234) ; load contents of 0x1234 into accumulator A  The above example uses the 16-bit immediate MOV instruction to set the contents of DPTR. Alternately, the DPTR can be accessed through the SFR registers DPH, which contains the upper 8-bits of DPTR, and DPL, which contains the lower 8-bits of DPTR. 18.1.2. 8-Bit MOVX Example The 8-bit form of the MOVX instruction uses the contents of the EMI0CN SFR to determine the upper 8-bits of the effective address to be accessed and the contents of R0 or R1 to determine the lower 8-bits of the effective address to be accessed. The following series of instructions read the contents of the byte at address 0x1234 into the accumulator A. MOV MOV MOVX EMI0CN, #12h R0, #34h a, @R0 ; load high byte of address into EMI0CN ; load low byte of address into R0 (or R1) ; load contents of 0x1234 into accumulator A Rev 1.5 158 C8051F58x/F59x 18.2. Configuring the External Memory Interface Configuring the External Memory Interface consists of five steps: 1. Configure the Output Modes of the associated port pins as either push-pull or open-drain (push-pull is most common), and skip the associated pins in the crossbar. 2. Configure Port latches to “park” the EMIF pins in a dormant state (usually by setting them to logic 1). 3. Select Multiplexed mode or Non-multiplexed mode. 4. Select the memory mode (on-chip only, split mode without bank select, split mode with bank select, or off-chip only). 5. Set up timing to interface with off-chip memory or peripherals. Each of these five steps is explained in detail in the following sections. The Port selection, Multiplexed mode selection, and Mode bits are located in the EMI0CF register shown in SFR Definition . 18.3. Port Configuration The External Memory Interface appears on Ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 when it is used for off-chip memory access. When the EMIF is used, the Crossbar should be configured to skip over the /RD control line (P1.6) and the /WR control line (P1.7) using the P1SKIP register. When the EMIF is used in multiplexed mode, the Crossbar should also skip over the ALE control line (P1.5). For more information about configuring the Crossbar, see Section “20.6. Special Function Registers for Accessing and Configuring Port I/O” on page 204. The EMIF pinout is shown in Table 18.1 on page 160. The External Memory Interface claims the associated Port pins for memory operations ONLY during the execution of an off-chip MOVX instruction. Once the MOVX instruction has completed, control of the Port pins reverts to the Port latches or to the Crossbar settings for those pins. See Section “20. Port Input/Output” on page 188 for more information about the Crossbar and Port operation and configuration. The Port latches should be explicitly configured to “park” the External Memory Interface pins in a dormant state, most commonly by setting them to a logic 1. During the execution of the MOVX instruction, the External Memory Interface will explicitly disable the drivers on all Port pins that are acting as Inputs (Data[7:0] during a READ operation, for example). The Output mode of the Port pins (whether the pin is configured as Open-Drain or Push-Pull) is unaffected by the External Memory Interface operation, and remains controlled by the PnMDOUT registers. In most cases, the output modes of all EMIF pins should be configured for push-pull mode. The C8051F580/1/4/5 devices support both the multiplexed and non-multiplexed modes and the C8051F588/9-F590/1 devices support only multiplexed modes. Accessing off-chip memory is not supported by the C8051F582/3/6/7 devices. 159 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 18.1. EMIF Pinout (C8051F580/1/4/5) Multiplexed Mode Non Multiplexed Mode Signal Name Port Pin Signal Name Port Pin RD P1.6 RD P1.6 WR P1.7 WR P1.7 ALE P1.5 D0 P4.0 D0/A0 P4.0 D1 P4.1 D1/A1 P4.1 D2 P4.2 D2/A2 P4.2 D3 P4.3 D3/A3 P4.3 D4 P4.4 D4/A4 P4.4 D5 P4.5 D5/A5 P4.5 D6 P4.6 D6/A6 P4.6 D7 P4.7 D7/A7 P4.7 A0 P3.0 A8 P3.0 A1 P3.1 A9 P3.1 A2 P3.2 A10 P3.2 A3 P3.3 A11 P3.3 A4 P3.4 A12 P3.4 A5 P3.5 A13 P3.5 A6 P3.6 A14 P3.6 A7 P3.7 A15 P3.7 A8 P2.0 — — A9 P2.1 — — A10 P2.2 — — A11 P2.3 — — A12 P2.4 — — A13 P2.5 — — A14 P2.6 — — A15 P2.7 Rev 1.5 160 C8051F58x/F59x Table 18.2. EMIF Pinout (C8051F588/9-F590/1) Multiplexed Mode 161 Signal Name Port Pin RD P1.6 WR P1.7 ALE P1.5 D0/A0 P3.0 D1/A1 P3.1 D2/A2 P3.2 D3/A3 P3.3 D4/A4 P3.4 D5/A5 P3.5 D6/A6 P3.6 D7/A7 P3.7 A8 P2.0 A9 P2.1 A10 P2.2 A11 P2.3 A12 P2.4 A13 P2.5 A14 P2.6 A15 P2.7 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 18.1. EMI0CN: External Memory Interface Control Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name PGSEL[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xAA; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function 7:0 PGSEL[7:0] XRAM Page Select Bits. The XRAM Page Select Bits provide the high byte of the 16-bit external data memory address when using an 8-bit MOVX command, effectively selecting a 256-byte page of RAM. 0x00: 0x0000 to 0x00FF 0x01: 0x0100 to 0x01FF ... 0xFE: 0xFE00 to 0xFEFF 0xFF: 0xFF00 to 0xFFFF Rev 1.5 162 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 18.2. EMI0CF: External Memory Configuration Bit 7 6 5 Name 4 EMD2 Type Reset 3 2 1 EMD[1:0] 0 EALE[1:0] R/W 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xB2; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 0 0 1 1 Function 7:5 Unused 4 EMD2 3:2 EMD[1:0] EMIF Operating Mode Select Bits. 00: Internal Only: MOVX accesses on-chip XRAM only. All effective addresses alias to on-chip memory space 01: Split Mode without Bank Select: Accesses below the 8 kB boundary are directed on-chip. Accesses above the 8 kB boundary are directed off-chip. 8-bit off-chip MOVX operations use current contents of the Address high port latches to resolve the upper address byte. To access off chip space, EMI0CN must be set to a page that is not contained in the on-chip address space. 10: Split Mode with Bank Select: Accesses below the 8 kB boundary are directed onchip. Accesses above the 8 kB boundary are directed off-chip. 8-bit off-chip MOVX operations uses the contents of EMI0CN to determine the high-byte of the address. 11: External Only: MOVX accesses off-chip XRAM only. On-chip XRAM is not visible to the CPU. 1:0 EALE[1:0] ALE Pulse-Width Select Bits. These bits only have an effect when EMD2 = 0. 00: ALE high and ALE low pulse width = 1 SYSCLK cycle. 01: ALE high and ALE low pulse width = 2 SYSCLK cycles. 10: ALE high and ALE low pulse width = 3 SYSCLK cycles. 11: ALE high and ALE low pulse width = 4 SYSCLK cycles. 163 Read = 000b; Write = Don’t Care. EMIF Multiplex Mode Select Bit. 0: EMIF operates in multiplexed address/data mode 1: EMIF operates in non-multiplexed mode (separate address and data pins) Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 18.4. Multiplexed and Non-multiplexed Selection The External Memory Interface is capable of acting in a Multiplexed mode or a Non-multiplexed mode, depending on the state of the EMD2 (EMI0CF.4) bit. 18.4.1. Multiplexed Configuration In Multiplexed mode, the Data Bus and the lower 8-bits of the Address Bus share the same Port pins: AD[7:0]. In this mode, an external latch (74HC373 or equivalent logic gate) is used to hold the lower 8-bits of the RAM address. The external latch is controlled by the ALE (Address Latch Enable) signal, which is driven by the External Memory Interface logic. An example of a Multiplexed Configuration is shown in Figure 18.1. In Multiplexed mode, the external MOVX operation can be broken into two phases delineated by the state of the ALE signal. During the first phase, ALE is high and the lower 8-bits of the Address Bus are presented to AD[7:0]. During this phase, the address latch is configured such that the Q outputs reflect the states of the ‘D’ inputs. When ALE falls, signaling the beginning of the second phase, the address latch outputs remain fixed and are no longer dependent on the latch inputs. Later in the second phase, the Data Bus controls the state of the AD[7:0] port at the time RD or WR is asserted. See Section “18.6.2. Multiplexed Mode” on page 172 for more information. A[15:8] ADDRESS BUS A[15:8] 74HC373 E M I F ALE AD[7:0] G ADDRESS/DATA BUS D Q A[7:0] VDD 64 K X 8 SRAM (Optional) 8 I/O[7:0] CE WE OE /WR /RD Figure 18.1. Multiplexed Configuration Example Rev 1.5 164 C8051F58x/F59x 18.4.2. Non-multiplexed Configuration In Non-multiplexed mode, the Data Bus and the Address Bus pins are not shared. An example of a Nonmultiplexed Configuration is shown in Figure 18.2. See Section “18.6.1. Non-Multiplexed Mode” on page 169 for more information about Non-multiplexed operation. E M I F A[15:0] ADDRESS BUS A[15:0] VDD (Optional) 8 D[7:0] DATA BUS 64 K X 8 SRAM I/O[7:0] CE WE OE /WR /RD Figure 18.2. Non-multiplexed Configuration Example 165 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 18.5. Memory Mode Selection The external data memory space can be configured in one of four modes, shown in Figure 18.3, based on the EMIF Mode bits in the EMI0CF register (SFR Definition 18.2). These modes are summarized below. More information about the different modes can be found in Section “18.6. Timing” on page 167. EMI0CF[3:2] = 00 EMI0CF[3:2] = 01 0xFFFF EMI0CF[3:2] = 10 0xFFFF EMI0CF[3:2] = 11 0xFFFF 0xFFFF On-Chip XRAM On-Chip XRAM Off-Chip Memory (No Bank Select) Off-Chip Memory (Bank Select) On-Chip XRAM Off-Chip Memory On-Chip XRAM On-Chip XRAM On-Chip XRAM On-Chip XRAM On-Chip XRAM 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 0x0000 Figure 18.3. EMIF Operating Modes 18.5.1. Internal XRAM Only When bits EMI0CF[3:2] are set to 00, all MOVX instructions will target the internal XRAM space on the device. Memory accesses to addresses beyond the populated space will wrap on 8 kB boundaries. As an example, the addresses 0x2000 and 0x4000 both evaluate to address 0x0000 in on-chip XRAM space.  8-bit MOVX operations use the contents of EMI0CN to determine the high-byte of the effective address and R0 or R1 to determine the low-byte of the effective address.  16-bit MOVX operations use the contents of the 16-bit DPTR to determine the effective address. 18.5.2. Split Mode without Bank Select When bit EMI0CF.[3:2] are set to 01, the XRAM memory map is split into two areas, on-chip space and offchip space.  Effective addresses below the internal XRAM size boundary will access on-chip XRAM space.  Effective addresses above the internal XRAM size boundary will access off-chip space.  8-bit MOVX operations use the contents of EMI0CN to determine whether the memory access is onchip or off-chip. However, in the “No Bank Select” mode, an 8-bit MOVX operation will not drive the upper 8-bits A[15:8] of the Address Bus during an off-chip access. This allows the user to manipulate the upper address bits at will by setting the Port state directly via the port latches. This behavior is in contrast with “Split Mode with Bank Select” described below. The lower 8-bits of the Address Bus A[7:0] are driven, determined by R0 or R1.  16-bit MOVX operations use the contents of DPTR to determine whether the memory access is on-chip or off-chip, and unlike 8-bit MOVX operations, the full 16-bits of the Address Bus A[15:0] are driven during the off-chip transaction. Rev 1.5 166 C8051F58x/F59x 18.5.3. Split Mode with Bank Select When EMI0CF[3:2] are set to 10, the XRAM memory map is split into two areas, on-chip space and offchip space.  Effective addresses below the internal XRAM size boundary will access on-chip XRAM space. Effective addresses above the internal XRAM size boundary will access off-chip space.  8-bit MOVX operations use the contents of EMI0CN to determine whether the memory access is onchip or off-chip. The upper 8-bits of the Address Bus A[15:8] are determined by EMI0CN, and the lower 8-bits of the Address Bus A[7:0] are determined by R0 or R1. All 16-bits of the Address Bus A[15:0] are driven in “Bank Select” mode.  16-bit MOVX operations use the contents of DPTR to determine whether the memory access is on-chip or off-chip, and the full 16-bits of the Address Bus A[15:0] are driven during the off-chip transaction.  18.5.4. External Only When EMI0CF[3:2] are set to 11, all MOVX operations are directed to off-chip space. On-chip XRAM is not visible to the CPU. This mode is useful for accessing off-chip memory located between 0x0000 and the internal XRAM size boundary.  8-bit MOVX operations ignore the contents of EMI0CN. The upper Address bits A[15:8] are not driven (identical behavior to an off-chip access in “Split Mode without Bank Select” described above). This allows the user to manipulate the upper address bits at will by setting the Port state directly. The lower 8-bits of the effective address A[7:0] are determined by the contents of R0 or R1.  16-bit MOVX operations use the contents of DPTR to determine the effective address A[15:0]. The full 16-bits of the Address Bus A[15:0] are driven during the off-chip transaction. 18.6. Timing The timing parameters of the External Memory Interface can be configured to enable connection to devices having different setup and hold time requirements. The Address Setup time, Address Hold time, RD and WR strobe widths, and in multiplexed mode, the width of the ALE pulse are all programmable in units of SYSCLK periods through EMI0TC, shown in SFR Definition 18.3, and EMI0CF[1:0]. The timing for an off-chip MOVX instruction can be calculated by adding 4 SYSCLK cycles to the timing parameters defined by the EMI0TC register. Assuming non-multiplexed operation, the minimum execution time for an off-chip XRAM operation is 5 SYSCLK cycles (1 SYSCLK for RD or WR pulse + 4 SYSCLKs). For multiplexed operations, the Address Latch Enable signal will require a minimum of 2 additional SYSCLK cycles. Therefore, the minimum execution time for an off-chip XRAM operation in multiplexed mode is 7 SYSCLK cycles (2 for /ALE + 1 for RD or WR + 4). The programmable setup and hold times default to the maximum delay settings after a reset. Table 18.3 lists the ac parameters for the External Memory Interface, and Figure 18.4 through Figure 18.9 show the timing diagrams for the different External Memory Interface modes and MOVX operations. 167 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 18.3. EMI0TC: External Memory Timing Control Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name EAS[1:0] EWR[3:0] EAH[1:0] Type R/W R/W R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xAA; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name Function 7:6 EAS[1:0] EMIF Address Setup Time Bits. 00: Address setup time = 0 SYSCLK cycles. 01: Address setup time = 1 SYSCLK cycle. 10: Address setup time = 2 SYSCLK cycles. 11: Address setup time = 3 SYSCLK cycles. 5:2 EWR[3:0] EMIF WR and RD Pulse-Width Control Bits. 0000: WR and RD pulse width = 1 SYSCLK cycle. 0001: WR and RD pulse width = 2 SYSCLK cycles. 0010: WR and RD pulse width = 3 SYSCLK cycles. 0011: WR and RD pulse width = 4 SYSCLK cycles. 0100: WR and RD pulse width = 5 SYSCLK cycles. 0101: WR and RD pulse width = 6 SYSCLK cycles. 0110: WR and RD pulse width = 7 SYSCLK cycles. 0111: WR and RD pulse width = 8 SYSCLK cycles. 1000: WR and RD pulse width = 9 SYSCLK cycles. 1001: WR and RD pulse width = 10 SYSCLK cycles. 1010: WR and RD pulse width = 11 SYSCLK cycles. 1011: WR and RD pulse width = 12 SYSCLK cycles. 1100: WR and RD pulse width = 13 SYSCLK cycles. 1101: WR and RD pulse width = 14 SYSCLK cycles. 1110: WR and RD pulse width = 15 SYSCLK cycles. 1111: WR and RD pulse width = 16 SYSCLK cycles. 1:0 EAH[1:0] EMIF Address Hold Time Bits. 00: Address hold time = 0 SYSCLK cycles. 01: Address hold time = 1 SYSCLK cycle. 10: Address hold time = 2 SYSCLK cycles. 11: Address hold time = 3 SYSCLK cycles. Rev 1.5 168 C8051F58x/F59x 18.6.1. Non-Multiplexed Mode 18.6.1.1. 16-bit MOVX: EMI0CF[4:2] = 101, 110, or 111 Nonmuxed 16-bit WRITE ADDR[15:8] EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from DPH ADDR[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from DPL DATA[7:0] EMIF WRITE DATA T T WDS T WDH T ACS T ACW ACH /WR /RD Nonmuxed 16-bit READ ADDR[15:8] P2 EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from DPH ADDR[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from DPL DATA[7:0] EMIF READ DATA T RDS T T ACS ACW T RDH T ACH /RD /WR Figure 18.4. Non-multiplexed 16-bit MOVX Timing 169 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 18.6.1.2. 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 101 or 111 Nonmuxed 8-bit WRITE without Bank Select ADDR[15:8] ADDR[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1 DATA[7:0] EMIF WRITE DATA T T WDS T WDH T ACS T ACW ACH /WR /RD Nonmuxed 8-bit READ without Bank Select ADDR[15:8] ADDR[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1 DATA[7:0] EMIF READ DATA T RDS T T ACS ACW T RDH T ACH /RD /WR Figure 18.5. Non-multiplexed 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select Timing Rev 1.5 170 C8051F58x/F59x 18.6.1.3. 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 110 Nonmuxed 8-bit WRITE with Bank Select ADDR[15:8] EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from EMI0CN ADDR[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1 DATA[7:0] EMIF WRITE DATA T T WDS T WDH T ACS T ACW ACH /WR /RD Nonmuxed 8-bit READ with Bank Select ADDR[15:8] EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from EMI0CN ADDR[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1 EMIF READ DATA DATA[7:0] T RDS T T ACS ACW T RDH T ACH /RD /WR Figure 18.6. Non-multiplexed 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select Timing 171 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 18.6.2. Multiplexed Mode 18.6.2.1. 16-bit MOVX: EMI0CF[4:2] = 001, 010, or 011 Muxed 16-bit WRITE ADDR[15:8] AD[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from DPH EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from DPL T ALEH EMIF WRITE DATA T ALEL ALE T T WDS T ACS WDH T T ACW ACH /WR /RD Muxed 16-bit READ ADDR[15:8] AD[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from DPH EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from DPL T ALEH EMIF READ DATA T T ALEL RDS T RDH ALE T ACS T ACW T ACH /RD /WR Figure 18.7. Multiplexed 16-bit MOVX Timing Rev 1.5 172 C8051F58x/F59x 18.6.2.2. 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 001 or 011 Muxed 8-bit WRITE Without Bank Select ADDR[15:8] AD[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1 T ALEH EMIF WRITE DATA T ALEL ALE T T WDS T ACS WDH T T ACW ACH /WR /RD Muxed 8-bit READ Without Bank Select ADDR[15:8] AD[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1 T ALEH EMIF READ DATA T T ALEL RDS T RDH ALE T ACS T ACW T ACH /RD /WR Figure 18.8. Multiplexed 8-bit MOVX without Bank Select Timing 173 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 18.6.2.3. 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select: EMI0CF[4:2] = 010 Muxed 8-bit WRITE with Bank Select ADDR[15:8] AD[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from EMI0CN EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1 T ALEH EMIF WRITE DATA T ALEL ALE T T WDS T ACS WDH T T ACW ACH /WR /RD Muxed 8-bit READ with Bank Select ADDR[15:8] AD[7:0] EMIF ADDRESS (8 MSBs) from EMI0CN EMIF ADDRESS (8 LSBs) from R0 or R1 T ALEH EMIF READ DATA T T ALEL RDS T RDH ALE T ACS T ACW T ACH /RD /WR Figure 18.9. Multiplexed 8-bit MOVX with Bank Select Timing Rev 1.5 174 C8051F58x/F59x Table 18.3. AC Parameters for External Memory Interface Parameter Description Min* Max* Units TACS Address/Control Setup Time 0 3 x TSYSCLK ns TACW Address/Control Pulse Width 1 x TSYSCLK 16 x TSYSCLK ns TACH Address/Control Hold Time 0 3 x TSYSCLK ns TALEH Address Latch Enable High Time 1 x TSYSCLK 4 x TSYSCLK ns TALEL Address Latch Enable Low Time 1 x TSYSCLK 4 x TSYSCLK ns TWDS Write Data Setup Time 1 x TSYSCLK 19 x TSYSCLK ns TWDH Write Data Hold Time 0 3 x TSYSCLK ns TRDS Read Data Setup Time 20 ns TRDH Read Data Hold Time 0 ns *Note: TSYSCLK is equal to one period of the device system clock (SYSCLK). 175 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 19. Oscillators and Clock Selection C8051F58x/F59x devices include a programmable internal high-frequency oscillator, an external oscillator drive circuit, and a clock multiplier. The internal oscillator can be enabled/disabled and calibrated using the OSCICN, OSCICRS, and OSCIFIN registers, as shown in Figure 19.1. The system clock can be sourced by the external oscillator circuit or the internal oscillator. The clock multiplier can produce three possible base outputs which can be scaled by a programmable factor of 1, 2/3, 2/4 (or 1/2), 2/5, 2/6 (or 1/3), or 2/7: Internal Oscillator x 2, External Oscillator x 2, or External Oscillator x 4. OSCICN IFCN2 IFCN1 IFCN0 CLKSEL SEL1 SEL0 OSCIFIN IOSCEN IFRDY SUSPEND OSCICRS Option 3 XTAL2 CAL EN IOSC n Programmable Internal Clock Generator Option 4 XTAL2 CLOCK MULTIPLIER IOSC / 2 EXOSC / 2 IOSC EXTOSC Option 2 VDD Option 1 x4 n SYSCLK XTAL1 XTAL2 Input Circuit 10M OSC EXOSC MULEN MULINIT MULRDY MULDIV2 MULDIV1 MULDIV0 MULSEL1 MULSEL0 XFCN2 XFCN1 XFCN0 XTLVLD XOSCMD2 XOSCMD1 XOSCMD0 XTAL2 OSCXCN CLKMUL Figure 19.1. Oscillator Options 19.1. System Clock Selection The CLKSL[1:0] bits in register CLKSEL select which oscillator source is used as the system clock. CLKSL[1:0] must be set to 01b for the system clock to run from the external oscillator; however the external oscillator may still clock certain peripherals (timers, PCA) when the internal oscillator is selected as the system clock. The system clock may be switched on-the-fly between the internal oscillator, external oscillator, and Clock Multiplier so long as the selected clock source is enabled and has settled. The internal oscillator requires little start-up time and may be selected as the system clock immediately following the register write which enables the oscillator. The external RC and C modes also typically require no startup time. External crystals and ceramic resonators however, typically require a start-up time before they are settled and ready for use. The Crystal Valid Flag (XTLVLD in register OSCXCN) is set to 1 by hardware when the external crystal or ceramic resonator is settled. In crystal mode, to avoid reading a false XTLVLD, software should delay at least 1 ms between enabling the external oscillator and checking XTLVLD. Rev 1.5 176 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 19.1. CLKSEL: Clock Select Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 Type R R R R R R Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x8F; SFR Page = 0x0F; Bit Name 1:0 0 CLKSL[1:0] Name 7:2 1 Unused R/W 0 0 Function Read = 000000b; Write = Don’t Care CLKSL[1:0] System Clock Source Select Bits. 00: SYSCLK derived from the Internal Oscillator and scaled per the IFCN bits in register OSCICN. 01: SYSCLK derived from the External Oscillator circuit. 10: SYSCLK derived from the Clock Multiplier. 11: reserved. 177 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 19.2. Programmable Internal Oscillator All C8051F58x/F59x devices include a programmable internal high-frequency oscillator that defaults as the system clock after a system reset. The internal oscillator period can be adjusted via the OSCICRS and OSCIFIN registers defined in SFR Definition 19.3 and SFR Definition 19.4. On C8051F58x/F59x devices, OSCICRS and OSCIFIN are factory calibrated to obtain a 24 MHz base frequency. Note that the system clock may be derived from the programmed internal oscillator divided by 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, or 128, as defined by the IFCN bits in register OSCICN. The divide value defaults to 128 following a reset. 19.2.1. Internal Oscillator Suspend Mode When software writes a logic 1 to SUSPEND (OSCICN.5), the internal oscillator is suspended. If the system clock is derived from the internal oscillator, the input clock to the peripheral or CIP-51 will be stopped until one of the following events occur:  Port 0 Match Event. Port 1 Match Event.  Port 2 Match Event.  Port 3 Match Event.  Comparator 0 enabled and output is logic 0. When one of the oscillator awakening events occur, the internal oscillator, CIP-51, and affected peripherals resume normal operation, regardless of whether the event also causes an interrupt. The CPU resumes execution at the instruction following the write to SUSPEND.  Note: When entering suspend mode, firmware must be the ZTCEN bit in REF0CN (SFR Definition 8.1). Rev 1.5 178 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 19.2. OSCICN: Internal Oscillator Control Bit Name 7 6 IOSCEN[1:0] 5 4 3 SUSPEND IFRDY Reserved IFCN[2:0] R/W Type R/W R/W R/W R R Reset 1 1 0 1 0 SFR Address = 0xA1; SFR Page = 0x0F; Bit Name 2 0 1 0 0 0 Function 7:6 IOSCEN[1:0] Internal Oscillator Enable Bits. 00: Oscillator Disabled. 01: Reserved. 10: Reserved. 11: Oscillator enabled in normal mode and disabled in suspend mode. 5 SUSPEND Internal Oscillator Suspend Enable Bit. Setting this bit to logic 1 places the internal oscillator in SUSPEND mode. The internal oscillator resumes operation when one of the SUSPEND mode awakening events occurs. Before entering suspend mode, firmware must set the ZTCEN bit in REF0CN. 4 IFRDY Internal Oscillator Frequency Ready Flag. Note: This flag may not accurately reflect the state of the oscillator. Firmware should not use this flag to determine if the oscillator is running. 0: Internal oscillator is not running at programmed frequency. 1: Internal oscillator is running at programmed frequency. 3 Reserved Read = 0b; Must Write = 0b. 2:0 IFCN[2:0] Internal Oscillator Frequency Divider Control Bits. 000: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 128. 001: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 64. 010: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 32. 011: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 16. 100: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 8. 101: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 4. 110: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 2. 111: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 1. 179 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 19.3. OSCICRS: Internal Oscillator Coarse Calibration Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Varies Varies Varies OSCICRS[6:0] Name Type R Reset 0 R/W Varies Varies Varies SFR Address = 0xA2; SFR Page = 0x0F; Bit Name 7 Unused 6:0 OSCICRS[6:0] Varies Function Read = 0; Write = Don’t Care Internal Oscillator Coarse Calibration Bits. These bits determine the internal oscillator period. When set to 0000000b, the internal oscillator operates at its slowest setting. When set to 1111111b, the internal oscillator operates at its fastest setting. The reset value is factory calibrated to generate an internal oscillator frequency of 24 MHz. SFR Definition 19.4. OSCIFIN: Internal Oscillator Fine Calibration Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Varies Varies OSCIFIN[5:0] Type R R Reset 0 0 R/W Varies Varies SFR Address = 0x9E; SFR Page = 0x0F; Bit Name 7:6 5:0 Unused Varies Varies Function Read = 00b; Write = Don’t Care OSCIFIN[5:0] Internal Oscillator Fine Calibration Bits. These bits are fine adjustment for the internal oscillator period. The reset value is factory calibrated to generate an internal oscillator frequency of 24 MHz. Rev 1.5 180 C8051F58x/F59x 19.3. Clock Multiplier The Clock Multiplier generates an output clock which is 4 times the input clock frequency scaled by a programmable factor of 1, 2/3, 2/4 (or 1/2), 2/5, 2/6 (or 1/3), or 2/7. The Clock Multiplier’s input can be selected from the external oscillator, or the internal or external oscillators divided by 2. This produces three possible base outputs which can be scaled by a programmable factor: Internal Oscillator x 2, External Oscillator x 2, or External Oscillator x 4. See Section 19.1 on page 176 for details on system clock selection. The Clock Multiplier is configured via the CLKMUL register (SFR Definition 19.5). The procedure for configuring and enabling the Clock Multiplier is as follows: 1. Reset the Multiplier by writing 0x00 to register CLKMUL. 2. Select the Multiplier input source via the MULSEL bits. 3. Select the Multiplier output scaling factor via the MULDIV bits 4. Enable the Multiplier with the MULEN bit (CLKMUL | = 0x80). 5. Delay for >5 µs. 6. Initialize the Multiplier with the MULINIT bit (CLKMUL | = 0xC0). 7. Poll for MULRDY => 1. Important Note: When using an external oscillator as the input to the Clock Multiplier, the external source must be enabled and stable before the Multiplier is initialized. See “19.4. External Oscillator Drive Circuit” on page 183 for details on selecting an external oscillator source. The Clock Multiplier allows faster operation of the CIP-51 core and is intended to generate an output frequency between 25 and 50 MHz. The clock multiplier can also be used with slow input clocks. However, if the clock is below the minimum Clock Multiplier input frequency (FCMmin), the generated clock will consist of four fast pulses followed by a long delay until the next input clock rising edge. The average frequency of the output is equal to 4x the input, but the instantaneous frequency may be faster. See Figure 19.2 below for more information. if FCM in >= FCM min FCM in FCM out if FCMin < FCM min FCM in FCM out Figure 19.2. Example Clock Multiplier Output Rev 1.5 181 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 19.5. CLKMUL: Clock Multiplier Bit 7 6 5 4 Name MULEN MULINIT MULRDY MULDIV[2:0] MULSEL[1:0] Type R/W R/W R R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0x97; SFR Page = 0x0F; Bit Name 7 MULEN 3 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function Clock Multiplier Enable. 0: Clock Multiplier disabled. 1: Clock Multiplier enabled. 6 MULINIT Clock Multiplier Initialize. This bit is 0 when the Clock Multiplier is enabled. Once enabled, writing a 1 to this bit will initialize the Clock Multiplier. The MULRDY bit reads 1 when the Clock Multiplier is stabilized. 5 MULRDY Clock Multiplier Ready. 0: Clock Multiplier is not ready. 1: Clock Multiplier is ready (PLL is locked). 4:2 MULDIV[2:0] 1:0 MULSEL[1:0] Clock Multiplier Input Select. Clock Multiplier Output Scaling Factor. 000: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 1. 001: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 1. 010: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 1. 011: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 2/3*. 100: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 2/4 (1/2). 101: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 2/5*. 110: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 2/6 (1/3). 111: Clock Multiplier Output scaled by a factor of 2/7*. *Note: The Clock Multiplier output duty cycle is not 50% for these settings. These bits select the clock supplied to the Clock Multiplier MULSEL[1:0] Selected Input Clock Clock Multiplier Output for MULDIV[2:0] = 000b 00 Internal Oscillator Internal Oscillator x 2 01 External Oscillator External Oscillator x 2 10 Internal Oscillator Internal Oscillator x 4 11 External Oscillator External Oscillator x 4 Notes:The maximum system clock is 50 MHz, and so the Clock Multiplier output should be scaled accordingly. If Internal Oscillator x 2 or External Oscillator x 2 is selected using the MULSEL bits, MULDIV[2:0] is ignored. 182 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 19.4. External Oscillator Drive Circuit The external oscillator circuit may drive an external crystal, ceramic resonator, capacitor, or RC network. A CMOS clock may also provide a clock input. For a crystal or ceramic resonator configuration, the crystal/resonator must be wired across the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins as shown in Option 1 of Figure 19.1. A 10 Mresistor also must be wired across the XTAL2 and XTAL1 pins for the crystal/resonator configuration. In RC, capacitor, or CMOS clock configuration, the clock source should be wired to the XTAL2 pin as shown in Option 2, 3, or 4 of Figure 19.1. The type of external oscillator must be selected in the OSCXCN register, and the frequency control bits (XFCN) must be selected appropriately (see SFR Definition 19.6). Important Note on External Oscillator Usage: Port pins must be configured when using the external oscillator circuit. When the external oscillator drive circuit is enabled in crystal/resonator mode, Port pins P0.2 and P0.3 are used as XTAL1 and XTAL2 respectively. When the external oscillator drive circuit is enabled in capacitor, RC, or CMOS clock mode, Port pin P0.3 is used as XTAL2. The Port I/O Crossbar should be configured to skip the Port pins used by the oscillator circuit; see Section “20.3. Priority Crossbar Decoder” on page 192 for Crossbar configuration. Additionally, when using the external oscillator circuit in crystal/resonator, capacitor, or RC mode, the associated Port pins should be configured as analog inputs. In CMOS clock mode, the associated pin should be configured as a digital input. See Section “20.4. Port I/O Initialization” on page 195 for details on Port input mode selection. Rev 1.5 183 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 19.6. OSCXCN: External Oscillator Control Bit 7 6 Name XTLVLD XOSCMD[2:0] Type R R/W Reset 0 0 5 0 4 3 XTLVLD 1 R 0 0 R/W 0 0 Function Crystal Oscillator Valid Flag. (Read only when XOSCMD = 11x.) 0: Crystal Oscillator is unused or not yet stable. 1: Crystal Oscillator is running and stable. 6:4 XOSCMD[2:0] External Oscillator Mode Select. 00x: External Oscillator circuit off. 010: External CMOS Clock Mode. 011: External CMOS Clock Mode with divide by 2 stage. 100: RC Oscillator Mode. 101: Capacitor Oscillator Mode. 110: Crystal Oscillator Mode. 111: Crystal Oscillator Mode with divide by 2 stage. 3 Unused 2:0 XFCN[2:0] Read = 0b; Write =0b External Oscillator Frequency Control Bits. Set according to the desired frequency for Crystal or RC mode. Set according to the desired K Factor for C mode. 184 0 XFCN[2:0] SFR Address = 0x9F; SFR Page = 0x0F; Bit Name 7 2 XFCN Crystal Mode RC Mode C Mode 000 f  32 kHz f 25 kHz K Factor = 0.87 001 32 kHz f 84 kHz 25 kHz f 50 kHz K Factor = 2.6 010 84 kHz  f 225 kHz 50 kHz f 100 kHz K Factor = 7.7 011 225 kHz  f 590 kHz 100 kHz f 200 kHz K Factor = 22 100 590 kHz  f 1.5 MHz 200 kHz f 400 kHz K Factor = 65 101 1.5 MHz  f 4 MHz 400 kHz f 800 kHz K Factor = 180 110 4 MHz  f 10 MHz 800 kHz f 1.6 MHz K Factor = 664 111 10 MHz  f 30 MHz 1.6 MHz f 3.2 MHz K Factor = 1590 Rev 1.5 0 C8051F58x/F59x 19.4.1. External Crystal Example If a crystal or ceramic resonator is used as an external oscillator source for the MCU, the circuit should be configured as shown in Figure 19.1, Option 1. The External Oscillator Frequency Control value (XFCN) should be chosen from the Crystal column of the table in SFR Definition 19.6 (OSCXCN register). For example, an 11.0592 MHz crystal requires an XFCN setting of 111b and a 32.768 kHz Watch Crystal requires an XFCN setting of 001b. After an external 32.768 kHz oscillator is stabilized, the XFCN setting can be switched to 000 to save power. It is recommended to enable the missing clock detector before switching the system clock to any external oscillator source. Note: Small surface mount crystals can have maximum drive level specifications that are exceeded by the above XFCN recommendations. In these cases, a software-controlled startup sequence may be used to reliably start the crystal using a higher XFCN setting, and then lowering the XFCN setting once the oscillator has started to reduce the drive level and prevent damage or premature aging of the crystal. In all cases, the drive level should be measured to ensure that the crystal is being driven within its operational guidelines as part of robust oscillator system design. Contact technical support for additional details and recommendations if using surface mount crystals with these devices. When the crystal oscillator is first enabled, the oscillator amplitude detection circuit requires a settling time to achieve proper bias. Introducing a delay of 1 ms between enabling the oscillator and checking the XTLVLD bit will prevent a premature switch to the external oscillator as the system clock. Switching to the external oscillator before the crystal oscillator has stabilized can result in unpredictable behavior. The recommended procedure is: 1. Force XTAL1 and XTAL2 to a high state. This involves enabling the Crossbar and writing 1 to the port pins associated with XTAL1 and XTAL2. 2. Configure XTAL1 and XTAL2 as analog inputs using. 3. Enable the external oscillator. 4. Wait at least 1 ms. 5. Poll for XTLVLD => 1. 6. Enable the Missing Clock Detector. 7. Switch the system clock to the external oscillator. Important Note on External Crystals: Crystal oscillator circuits are quite sensitive to PCB layout. The crystal should be placed as close as possible to the XTAL pins on the device. The traces should be as short as possible and shielded with ground plane from any other traces which could introduce noise or interference. The capacitors shown in the external crystal configuration provide the load capacitance required by the crystal for correct oscillation. These capacitors are "in series" as seen by the crystal and "in parallel" with the stray capacitance of the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins. Note: The desired load capacitance depends upon the crystal and the manufacturer. Refer to the crystal data sheet when completing these calculations. For example, a tuning-fork crystal of 32.768 kHz with a recommended load capacitance of 12.5 pF should use the configuration shown in Figure 19.1, Option 1. The total value of the capacitors and the stray capacitance of the XTAL pins should equal 25 pF. With a stray capacitance of 3 pF per pin, the 22 pF capacitors yield an equivalent capacitance of 12.5 pF across the crystal, as shown in Figure 19.3. Rev 1.5 185 C8051F58x/F59x XTAL1 10M XTAL2 32.768 kHz 22pF* 22pF* * Capacitor values depend on crystal specifications Figure 19.3. External 32.768 kHz Quartz Crystal Oscillator Connection Diagram 19.4.2. External RC Example If an RC network is used as an external oscillator source for the MCU, the circuit should be configured as shown in Figure 19.1, Option 2. The capacitor should be no greater than 100 pF; however for very small capacitors, the total capacitance may be dominated by parasitic capacitance in the PCB layout. To determine the required External Oscillator Frequency Control value (XFCN) in the OSCXCN Register, first select the RC network value to produce the desired frequency of oscillation, according to Equation , where f = the frequency of oscillation in MHz, C = the capacitor value in pF, and R = the pull-up resistor value in k. 3 f = 1.23  10   R  C  Equation 19.1. RC Mode Oscillator Frequency For example: If the frequency desired is 100 kHz, let R = 246 k and C = 50 pF: f = 1.23(103)/RC = 1.23(103)/[246 x 50] = 0.1 MHz = 100 kHz Referring to the table in SFR Definition 19.6, the required XFCN setting is 010b. 19.4.3. External Capacitor Example If a capacitor is used as an external oscillator for the MCU, the circuit should be configured as shown in Figure 19.1, Option 3. The capacitor should be no greater than 100 pF; however for very small capacitors, the total capacitance may be dominated by parasitic capacitance in the PCB layout. To determine the required External Oscillator Frequency Control value (XFCN) in the OSCXCN Register, select the capacitor to be used and find the frequency of oscillation according to Equation , where f = the frequency of oscillation in MHz, C = the capacitor value in pF, and VDD = the MCU power supply in volts. 186 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x f =  KF    R  V DD  Equation 19.2. C Mode Oscillator Frequency For example: Assume VDD = 2.1 V and f = 75 kHz: f = KF / (C x VDD) 0.075 MHz = KF / (C x 2.1) Since the frequency of roughly 75 kHz is desired, select the K Factor from the table in SFR Definition 19.6 (OSCXCN) as KF = 7.7: 0.075 MHz = 7.7 / (C x 2.1) C x 2.1 = 7.7 / 0.075 MHz C = 102.6 / 2.0 pF = 51.3 pF Therefore, the XFCN value to use in this example is 010b. Rev 1.5 187 C8051F58x/F59x 20. Port Input/Output Digital and analog resources are available through 40 (C8051F580/1/4/5), 33 (C8051F588/9-F590/1) or 25 (C8051F582/3/6/7) I/O pins. Port pins P0.0-P4.7 on the C8051F580/1/4/5, Port pins P0.0-P4.0 on the C8051F588/9-F590/1 and Port pins P0.0-P3.0 on the C8051F582/3/6/7 can be defined as general-purpose I/O (GPIO), assigned to one of the internal digital resources, or assigned to an analog function as shown in Figure 20.3. Port pin P3.0 on the C8051F582/3/6/7 can be used as GPIO and is shared with the C2 Interface Data signal (C2D). Port pin P4.0 on the C8051F588/9-F590/1 can be used as GPIO and is shared with the C2 Interface Data signal (C2D) The designer has complete control over which functions are assigned, limited only by the number of physical I/O pins. This resource assignment flexibility is achieved through the use of a Priority Crossbar Decoder. Note that the state of a Port I/O pin can always be read in the corresponding Port latch, regardless of the Crossbar settings. The Crossbar assigns the selected internal digital resources to the I/O pins based on the Priority Decoder (Figure 20.3 and Figure 20.4). The registers XBR0, XBR1, XBR2, and XBR3 are used to select internal digital functions. Port 4 on the C8051F580/1/4/5 and C8051F588/9-F590/1 is a digital-only port, which is not assigned through the Crossbar. All Port I/Os are 5 V tolerant (refer to Figure 20.2 for the Port cell circuit). The Port I/O cells are configured as either push-pull or open-drain in the Port Output Mode registers (PnMDOUT, where n = 0,1). Complete Electrical Specifications for Port I/O are given in Table 5.3 on page 47. Note: When VIO rises faster than VDD, which can happen when VREGIN and VIO are tied together, a delay created between GPIO power (VIO) and the logic controlling GPIO (VDD) results in a temporary unknown state at the GPIO pins. Cross coupling VIO and VDD with a 4.7 μF capacitor allows VIO and VDD to rise at the same rate and prevents the issue from occurring. Rev 1.5 188 C8051F58x/F59x Highest Priority UART0 2 CAN0 XBRn PnSKIP PnMDOUT, PnDMIN Registers External Pins 4 SPI0 (Internal Digital Signals) 2 SMBus0 2 Priority Decoder 8 4 CP0 Digital Crossbar 8 /SYSCLK T0, T1, /INT0, /INT1 UART1 4 8 2 8 2 T5 2 Port Latches P2 I/O Cells P2.0 P3 I/O Cells P3.0 P4 I/O Cells P4.0 P2.7 P3.7 P4.7 2 8x5 P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P1.7 7 8 Lowest Priority P1.0 P0.7 2 LIN0 T4 P1 I/O Cells PnMASK PnMATCH Registers (Px.0-Px.7) 8x5 Figure 20.1. Port I/O Functional Block Diagram 189 Highest Priority 7 PCA0 PCA1 P0.0 2 CP1 CP2 P0 I/O Cells Rev 1.5 Lowest Priority C8051F58x/F59x 20.1. Port I/O Modes of Operation Port pins P0.0–P3.7 use the Port I/O cell shown in Figure 20.2. Each of these Port I/O cells can be configured by software for analog I/O or digital I/O using the PnMDIN registers. P4.0-P4.7 use a similar cell, except that they can only be configured as digital I/O pins and do not have a corresponding PnMDIN or PnSKIP register. On reset, all Port I/O cells default to a high impedance state with weak pull-ups enabled until the Crossbar is enabled (XBARE = 1). 20.1.1. Port Pins Configured for Analog I/O Any pins to be used as Comparator or ADC inputs, external oscillator inputs, or VREF should be configured for analog I/O (PnMDIN.n = 0). When a pin is configured for analog I/O, its weak pullup, digital driver, and digital receiver are disabled. Port pins configured for analog I/O will always read back a value of 0. Configuring pins as analog I/O saves power and isolates the Port pin from digital interference. Port pins configured as digital inputs may still be used by analog peripherals; however, this practice is not recommended and may result in measurement errors. 20.1.2. Port Pins Configured For Digital I/O Any pins to be used by digital peripherals (UART, SPI, SMBus, etc.), external digital event capture functions, or as GPIO should be configured as digital I/O (PnMDIN.n = 1). For digital I/O pins, one of two output modes (push-pull or open-drain) must be selected using the PnMDOUT registers. Push-pull outputs (PnMDOUT.n = 1) drive the Port pad to the VIO or GND supply rails based on the output logic value of the Port pin. Open-drain outputs have the high side driver disabled; therefore, they only drive the Port pad to GND when the output logic value is 0 and become high impedance inputs (both high low drivers turned off) when the output logic value is 1. When a digital I/O cell is placed in the high impedance state, a weak pull-up transistor pulls the Port pad to the VIO supply voltage to ensure the digital input is at a defined logic state. Weak pull-ups are disabled when the I/O cell is driven to GND to minimize power consumption and may be globally disabled by setting WEAKPUD to 1. The user should ensure that digital I/O are always internally or externally pulled or driven to a valid logic state to minimize power consumption. Port pins configured for digital I/O always read back the logic state of the Port pad, regardless of the output logic value of the Port pin. WEAKPUD (Weak Pull-Up Disable) PxMDOUT.x (1 for push-pull) (0 for open-drain) VIO XBARE (Crossbar Enable) VIO (WEAK) PORT PAD Px.x – Output Logic Value (Port Latch or Crossbar) PxMDIN.x (1 for digital) (0 for analog) To/From Analog Peripheral GND Px.x – Input Logic Value (Reads 0 when pin is configured as an analog I/O) Figure 20.2. Port I/O Cell Block Diagram Rev 1.5 190 C8051F58x/F59x 20.1.3. Interfacing Port I/O in a Multi-Voltage System All Port I/O are capable of interfacing to digital logic operating at a supply voltage higher than VDD and less than 5.25 V. Connect the VIO pin to the voltage source of the interface logic. 20.2. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Analog and Digital Functions Port I/O pins P0.0–P3.7 can be assigned to various analog, digital, and external interrupt functions. P4.0P4.7 can be assigned to only digital functions. The Port pins assigned to analog functions should be configured for analog I/O, and Port pins assigned to digital or external interrupt functions should be configured for digital I/O. 20.2.1. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Analog Functions Table 20.1 shows all available analog functions that require Port I/O assignments. Port pins selected for these analog functions should have their corresponding bit in PnSKIP set to 1. This reserves the pin for use by the analog function and does not allow it to be claimed by the Crossbar. Table 20.1 shows the potential mapping of Port I/O to each analog function. Table 20.1. Port I/O Assignment for Analog Functions Analog Function Potentially Assignable Port Pins SFR(s) used for Assignment ADC Input P0.0–P3.71 ADC0MX, PnSKIP Comparator0 or Compartor1 Input P0.0–P2.7 CPT0MX, CPT1MX, PnSKIP Voltage Reference (VREF0)2 P0.0 REF0CN, PnSKIP External Oscillator in Crystal Mode (XTAL1) P0.2 OSCXCN, PnSKIP External Oscillator in RC, C, or Crystal Mode (XTAL2) P0.3 OSCXCN, PnSKIP Notes: 1. P3.1–P3.7 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages 2. If VDD is selected as the voltage reference in the REF0CN register and the ADC is enabled in the ADC0CN register, the P0.0/VREF pin cannot operate as a general purpose I/O pin in open-drain mode. With the above settings, this pin can operate in push-pull output mode or as an analog input. 20.2.2. Assigning Port I/O Pins to Digital Functions Any Port pins not assigned to analog functions may be assigned to digital functions or used as GPIO. Most digital functions rely on the Crossbar for pin assignment; however, some digital functions bypass the Crossbar in a manner similar to the analog functions listed above. Port pins used by these digital functions and any Port pins selected for use as GPIO should have their corresponding bit in PnSKIP set to 1. Table 20.2 shows all available digital functions and the potential mapping of Port I/O to each digital function. 191 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 20.2. Port I/O Assignment for Digital Functions Digital Function UART0, UART1, SPI0, SMBus, CAN0, LIN0, CP0, CP0A, CP1, CP1A, CP2, CP2A, SYSCLK, PCA0 (CEX0-5 and ECI), PCA1 (CEX6-11, ECI1), T0, T1, T4, or T5 Potentially Assignable Port Pins Any Port pin available for assignment by the Crossbar. This includes P0.0–P4.7* pins which have their PnSKIP bit set to 0. SFR(s) used for Assignment XBR0, XBR1, XBR2, XBR3 Note: The Crossbar will always assign UART0 pins to P0.4 and P0.5 and always assign CAN0 to P0.6 and P0.7. Any pin used for GPIO P0.0–P4.7* P0SKIP, P1SKIP, P2SKIP, P3SKIP *Note: P3.1–P3.7 and P4.0 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages.  P4.1-P4.7 are only available on the 48-pin packages. A skip register is not available for P4. 20.2.3. Assigning Port I/O Pins to External Digital Event Capture Functions External digital event capture functions can be used to trigger an interrupt or wake the device from a low power mode when a transition occurs on a digital I/O pin. The digital event capture functions do not require dedicated pins and will function on both GPIO pins (PnSKIP = 1) and pins in use by the Crossbar (PnSKIP = 0). External digital event capture functions cannot be used on pins configured for analog I/O. Table 20.3 shows all available external digital event capture functions. Table 20.3. Port I/O Assignment for External Digital Event Capture Functions Digital Function Potentially Assignable Port Pins SFR(s) used for Assignment External Interrupt 0 P1.0–P1.7 IT01CF External Interrupt 1 P1.0–P1.7 IT01CF Port Match P0.0–P3.7* P0MASK, P0MAT P1MASK, P1MAT P2MASK, P2MAT P3MASK, P3MAT *Note: P3.1–P3.7 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages. 20.3. Priority Crossbar Decoder The Priority Crossbar Decoder (Figure 20.3) assigns a priority to each I/O function, starting at the top with UART0. When a digital resource is selected, the least-significant unassigned Port pin is assigned to that resource excluding UART0, which is always assigned to pins P0.4 and P0.5, and excluding CAN0 which is always assigned to pins P0.6 and P0.7. If a Port pin is assigned, the Crossbar skips that pin when assigning the next selected resource. Additionally, the Crossbar will skip Port pins whose associated bits in the PnSKIP registers are set. The PnSKIP registers allow software to skip Port pins that are to be used for analog input, dedicated functions, or GPIO. Because of the nature of Priority Crossbar Decoder, not all peripherals can be located on all port pins. Figure 20.3 maps peripherals to the potential port pins on which the peripheral I/O can appear. Rev 1.5 192 C8051F58x/F59x Important Note on Crossbar Configuration: If a Port pin is claimed by a peripheral without use of the Crossbar, its corresponding PnSKIP bit should be set. This applies to P0.0 if VREF is used, P0.1 if the ADC is configured to use the external conversion start signal (CNVSTR), P0.3 and/or P0.2 if the external oscillator circuit is enabled, and any selected ADC or Comparator inputs. The Crossbar skips selected pins as if they were already assigned, and moves to the next unassigned pin. PIN I/O P2 P3 P3.1-P3.7, P4.0 only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages /WR VREF CNVSTR XTAL1 XTAL2 Special Function Signals P1 ALE /RD P0 Port P4 P4.1-P4.7 only available on the 48pin packages 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 UART0_TX UART0_RX CAN_TX CAN_RX SCK MISO MOSI NSS SDA SCL CP0 CP0A CP1 CP1A SYSCLK CEX0 CEX1 CEX2 CEX3 CEX4 CEX5 ECI T0 T1 LIN_TX LIN_RX UART1_TX UART1_RX CP2 CP2A CEX6 CEX7 CEX8 CEX9 CEX10 CEX11 ECI1 T4 T4EX T5 T5EX Figure 20.3. Peripheral Availability on Port I/O Pins Registers XBR0, XBR1, XBR2, and XBR3 are used to assign the digital I/O resources to the physical I/O Port pins. Note that when the SMBus is selected, the Crossbar assigns both pins associated with the SMBus (SDA and SCL); and similarly when the UART, CAN or LIN are selected, the Crossbar assigns both pins associated with the peripheral (TX and RX). 193 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x UART0 pin assignments are fixed for bootloading purposes: UART TX0 is always assigned to P0.4; UART RX0 is always assigned to P0.5. CAN0 pin assignments are fixed to P0.6 for CAN_TX and P0.7 for CAN_RX. Standard Port I/Os appear contiguously after the prioritized functions have been assigned. Important Note: The SPI can be operated in either 3-wire or 4-wire modes, pending the state of the NSSMD1–NSSMD0 bits in register SPI0CN. According to the SPI mode, the NSS signal may or may not be routed to a Port pin. As an example configuration, if CAN0, SPI0 in 4-wire mode, and PCA0 Modules 0, 1, and 2, 6, and 7 are enabled on the crossbar with P0.1, P0.2, and P0.5 skipped, the registers should be set as follows: XBR0 = 0x06 (CAN0 and SPI0 enabled), XBR1 = 0x0C (PCA0 modules 0, 1, and 2 enabled), XBR2 = 0x40 (Crossbar enabled), XBR3 = 0x02 (PCA1 modules 6 and 7) and P0SKIP = 0x26 (P0.1, P0.2, and P0.5 skipped). The resulting crossbar would look as shown in Figure 20.4. PIN I/O P2 P3 P3.1-P3.7, P4.0 only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages /WR VREF CNVSTR XTAL1 XTAL2 Special Function Signals P1 ALE /RD P0 Port P4 P4.1-P4.7 only available on the 48pin packages 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 UART0_TX UART0_RX CAN_TX CAN_RX SCK MISO MOSI NSS *NSS Is only pinned out in 4-wire SPI Mode SDA SCL CP0 CP0A CP1 CP1A SYSCLK CEX0 CEX1 CEX2 CEX3 CEX4 CEX5 ECI T0 T1 LIN_TX LIN_RX UART1_TX UART1_RX CP2 CP2A CEX6 CEX7 CEX8 CEX9 CEX10 CEX11 ECI1 T4 T4EX T5 T5EX 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P3SKIP[0:7] P0SKIP[0:7] P1SKIP[0:7] P2SKIP[0:7] Figure 20.4. Crossbar Priority Decoder in Example Configuration Rev 1.5 194 C8051F58x/F59x 20.4. Port I/O Initialization Port I/O initialization consists of the following steps: 1. Select the input mode (analog or digital) for all Port pins, using the Port Input Mode register (PnMDIN). 2. Select the output mode (open-drain or push-pull) for all Port pins, using the Port Output Mode register (PnMDOUT). 3. Select any pins to be skipped by the I/O Crossbar using the Port Skip registers (PnSKIP). 4. Assign Port pins to desired peripherals. 5. Enable the Crossbar (XBARE = 1). All Port pins must be configured as either analog or digital inputs. Port 4 on C8051F580/1/4/5 and C8051F588/9-F590/1 is a digital-only Port. Any pins to be used as Comparator or ADC inputs should be configured as an analog inputs. When a pin is configured as an analog input, its weak pullup, digital driver, and digital receiver are disabled. This process saves power and reduces noise on the analog input. Pins configured as digital inputs may still be used by analog peripherals; however this practice is not recommended. Additionally, all analog input pins should be configured to be skipped by the Crossbar (accomplished by setting the associated bits in PnSKIP). Port input mode is set in the PnMDIN register, where a 1 indicates a digital input, and a 0 indicates an analog input. All pins default to digital inputs on reset. See SFR Definition 20.14 for the PnMDIN register details. The output driver characteristics of the I/O pins are defined using the Port Output Mode registers (PnMDOUT). Each Port Output driver can be configured as either open drain or push-pull. This selection is required even for the digital resources selected in the XBRn registers, and is not automatic. The only exception to this is the SMBus (SDA, SCL) pins, which are configured as open-drain regardless of the PnMDOUT settings. When the WEAKPUD bit in XBR2 is 0, a weak pullup is enabled for all Port I/O configured as open-drain. WEAKPUD does not affect the push-pull Port I/O. Furthermore, the weak pullup is turned off on an output that is driving a 0 to avoid unnecessary power dissipation. Registers XBR0, XBR1, XBR2, an XBR3 must be loaded with the appropriate values to select the digital I/O functions required by the design. Setting the XBARE bit in XBR2 to 1 enables the Crossbar. Until the Crossbar is enabled, the external pins remain as standard Port I/O (in input mode), regardless of the XBRn Register settings. For given XBRn Register settings, one can determine the I/O pin-out using the Priority Decode Table; as an alternative, the Configuration Wizard utility of the Silicon Labs IDE software will determine the Port I/O pin-assignments based on the XBRn Register settings. The Crossbar must be enabled to use Port pins as standard Port I/O in output mode. Port output drivers are disabled while the Crossbar is disabled. 195 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.1. XBR0: Port I/O Crossbar Register 0 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name CP1AE CP1E CP0AE CP0E SMB0E SPI0E CAN0E URT0E Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xE1; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7 CP1AE Function Comparator1 Asynchronous Output Enable. 0: Asynchronous CP1 unavailable at Port pin. 1: Asynchronous CP1 routed to Port pin. 6 CP1E Comparator1 Output Enable. 0: CP1 unavailable at Port pin. 1: CP1 routed to Port pin. 5 CP0AE Comparator0 Asynchronous Output Enable. 0: Asynchronous CP0 unavailable at Port pin. 1: Asynchronous CP0 routed to Port pin. 4 CP0E Comparator0 Output Enable. 0: CP0 unavailable at Port pin. 1: CP0 routed to Port pin. 3 SMB0E SMBus I/O Enable. 0: SMBus I/O unavailable at Port pins. 1: SMBus I/O routed to Port pins. 2 SPI0E SPI I/O Enable. 0: SPI I/O unavailable at Port pins. 1: SPI I/O routed to Port pins. Note that the SPI can be assigned either 3 or 4 GPIO pins. 1 CAN0E CAN I/O Output Enable. 0: CAN I/O unavailable at Port pins. 1: CAN_TX, CAN_RX routed to Port pins P0.6 and P0.7. 0 URT0E UART0 I/O Output Enable. 0: UART0 I/O unavailable at Port pin. 1: UART0 TX0, RX0 routed to Port pins P0.4 and P0.5. Rev 1.5 196 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.2. XBR1: Port I/O Crossbar Register 1 Bit 7 6 5 4 Name T1E T0E ECIE Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 T1E 2 1 0 SYSCKE Reserved R R/W R/W 0 0 0 PCA0ME[2:0] SFR Address = 0xE2; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7 3 Function T1 Enable. 0: T1 unavailable at Port pin. 1: T1 routed to Port pin. 6 T0E T0 Enable. 0: T0 unavailable at Port pin. 1: T0 routed to Port pin. 5 ECIE PCA0 External Counter Input Enable. 0: ECI unavailable at Port pin. 1: ECI routed to Port pin. 4:2 PCA0ME[2:0] PCA0 Module I/O Enable Bits. 000: All PCA0 I/O unavailable at Port pins. 001: CEX0 routed to Port pin. 010: CEX0, CEX1 routed to Port pins. 011: CEX0, CEX1, CEX2 routed to Port pins. 100: CEX0, CEX1, CEX2, CEX3 routed to Port pins. 101: CEX0, CEX1, CEX2, CEX3, CEX4 routed to Port pins. 110: CEX0, CEX1, CEX2, CEX3, CEX4, CEX5 routed to Port pins. 111: RESERVED 1 SYSCKE SYSCLK Output Enable. 0: SYSCLK unavailable at Port pin. 1: SYSCLK output routed to Port pin. 0 197 Reserved Always Write to 0. Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.3. XBR2: Port I/O Crossbar Register 2 Bit 7 Name WEAKPUD 6 5 XBARE 4 Reserved 3 2 1 0 CP2AE CP2E URT1E LIN0E Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xC7; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7 WEAKPUD Function Port I/O Weak Pullup Disable. 0: Weak Pullups enabled (except for Ports whose I/O are configured for analog mode). 1: Weak Pullups disabled. 6 XBARE Crossbar Enable. 0: Crossbar disabled. 1: Crossbar enabled. 5:4 Reserved 3 CP2AE Always Write to 00b. Comparator2 Asynchronous Output Enable. 0: Asynchronous CP2 unavailable at Port pin. 1: Asynchronous CP2 routed to Port pin. 2 CP2E Comparator2 Output Enable. 0: CP2 unavailable at Port pin. 1: CP2 routed to Port pin. 1 URT1E UART1 I/O Output Enable. 0: UART1 I/O unavailable at Port pin. 1: UART1 TX0, RX0 routed to Port pins. 0 LIN0E LIN I/O Output Enable. 0: LIN I/O unavailable at Port pin. 1: LIN_TX, LIN_RX routed to Port pins. Rev 1.5 198 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.4. XBR3: Port I/O Crossbar Register 3 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name T5EXE T5E T4EXE T4E ECI1E Type R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xC6; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7 T5EXE 2 1 PCA1ME[2:0] Function T5EX Enable. 0: T5EX unavailable at Port pin. 1: T5EX routed to Port pin 6 T5EX T5E Enable. 0: T5E unavailable at Port pin. 1: T5E routed to Port pin 5 T4EXE T4EX Enable. 0: T4EX unavailable at Port pin. 1: T4EX routed to Port pin 4 T5EX T4E Enable. 0: T4E unavailable at Port pin. 1: T4E routed to Port pin 3 ECI1E PCA1 External Counter Input Enable. 0: ECI1 unavailable at Port pin. 1: ECI1 routed to Port pin. 2:0 PCA1ME[2:0] PCA1 Module I/O Enable Bits. 000: All PCA1 I/O unavailable at Port pins. 001: CEX6 routed to Port pin. 010: CEX6, CEX7 routed to Port pins. 011: CEX6, CEX7, CEX8 routed to Port pins. 100: CEX6, CEX7, CEX8, CEX9 routed to Port pins. 101: CEX6, CEX7, CEX8, CEX9, CEX10 routed to Port pins. 110: CEX6, CEX7, CEX8, CEX9, CEX10, CEX11 routed to Port pins. 111: RESERVED 199 Rev 1.5 0 C8051F58x/F59x 20.5. Port Match Port match functionality allows system events to be triggered by a logic value change on P0, P1, P2 or P3. A software controlled value stored in the PnMATCH registers specifies the expected or normal logic values of P0, P1, P2, and P3. A Port mismatch event occurs if the logic levels of the Port’s input pins no longer match the software controlled value. This allows Software to be notified if a certain change or pattern occurs on P0, P1, P2, or P3 input pins regardless of the XBRn settings. The PnMASK registers can be used to individually select which of the port pins should be compared against the PnMATCH registers. A Port mismatch event is generated if (Pn & PnMASK) does not equal (PnMATCH & PnMASK), where n is 0, 1, 2 or 3 A Port mismatch event may be used to generate an interrupt or wake the device from a low power mode, such as IDLE or SUSPEND. See the Interrupts and Power Options chapters for more details on interrupt and wake-up sources. SFR Definition 20.5. P0MASK: Port 0 Mask Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P0MASK[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xF2; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 P0MASK[7:0] 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function Port 0 Mask Value. Selects P0 pins to be compared to the corresponding bits in P0MAT. 0: P0.n pin logic value is ignored and cannot cause a Port Mismatch event. 1: P0.n pin logic value is compared to P0MAT.n. SFR Definition 20.6. P0MAT: Port 0 Match Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P0MAT[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xF1; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 P0MAT[7:0] 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 Function Port 0 Match Value. Match comparison value used on Port 0 for bits in P0MAT which are set to 1. 0: P0.n pin logic value is compared with logic LOW. 1: P0.n pin logic value is compared with logic HIGH. Rev 1.5 200 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.7. P1MASK: Port 1 Mask Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P1MASK[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xF4; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 P1MASK[7:0] 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function Port 1 Mask Value. Selects P1 pins to be compared to the corresponding bits in P1MAT. 0: P1.n pin logic value is ignored and cannot cause a Port Mismatch event. 1: P1.n pin logic value is compared to P1MAT.n. SFR Definition 20.8. P1MAT: Port 1 Match Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P1MAT[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xF3; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 P1MAT[7:0] 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 Function Port 1 Match Value. Match comparison value used on Port 1 for bits in P1MAT which are set to 1. 0: P1.n pin logic value is compared with logic LOW. 1: P1.n pin logic value is compared with logic HIGH. 201 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.9. P2MASK: Port 2 Mask Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P2MASK[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xB2; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 P2MASK[7:0] 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function Port 2 Mask Value. Selects P2 pins to be compared to the corresponding bits in P2MAT. 0: P2.n pin logic value is ignored and cannot cause a Port Mismatch event. 1: P2.n pin logic value is compared to P2MAT.n. SFR Definition 20.10. P2MAT: Port 2 Match Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P2MAT[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xB1; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 P2MAT[7:0] 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 Function Port 2 Match Value. Match comparison value used on Port 2 for bits in P2MAT which are set to 1. 0: P2.n pin logic value is compared with logic LOW. 1: P2.n pin logic value is compared with logic HIGH. Rev 1.5 202 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.11. P3MASK: Port 3 Mask Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P3MASK[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xAF; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 P3MASK[7:0] 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function Port 1 Mask Value. Selects P3 pins to be compared to the corresponding bits in P3MAT. 0: P3.n pin logic value is ignored and cannot cause a Port Mismatch event. 1: P3.n pin logic value is compared to P3MAT.n. Note: P3.1–P3.6 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages SFR Definition 20.12. P3MAT: Port 3 Match Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P3MAT[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xAE; SFR Page = 0x00 Bit Name 7:0 P3MAT[7:0] 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 Function Port 3 Match Value. Match comparison value used on Port 3 for bits in P3MAT which are set to 1. 0: P3.n pin logic value is compared with logic LOW. 1: P3.n pin logic value is compared with logic HIGH. Note: P3.1–P3.6 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages 203 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 20.6. Special Function Registers for Accessing and Configuring Port I/O All Port I/O are accessed through corresponding special function registers (SFRs) that are both byte addressable and bit addressable, except for P4 which is only byte addressable. When writing to a Port, the value written to the SFR is latched to maintain the output data value at each pin. When reading, the logic levels of the Port's input pins are returned regardless of the XBRn settings (i.e., even when the pin is assigned to another signal by the Crossbar, the Port register can always read its corresponding Port I/O pin). The exception to this is the execution of the read-modify-write instructions that target a Port Latch register as the destination. The read-modify-write instructions when operating on a Port SFR are the following: ANL, ORL, XRL, JBC, CPL, INC, DEC, DJNZ and MOV, CLR or SETB, when the destination is an individual bit in a Port SFR. For these instructions, the value of the latch register (not the pin) is read, modified, and written back to the SFR. Ports 0–3 have a corresponding PnSKIP register which allows its individual Port pins to be assigned to digital functions or skipped by the Crossbar. All Port pins used for analog functions, GPIO, or dedicated digital functions such as the EMIF should have their PnSKIP bit set to 1. The Port input mode of the I/O pins is defined using the Port Input Mode registers (PnMDIN). Each Port cell can be configured for analog or digital I/O. This selection is required even for the digital resources selected in the XBRn registers, and is not automatic. The only exception to this is P4, which can only be used for digital I/O. The output driver characteristics of the I/O pins are defined using the Port Output Mode registers (PnMDOUT). Each Port Output driver can be configured as either open drain or push-pull. This selection is required even for the digital resources selected in the XBRn registers, and is not automatic. The only exception to this is the SMBus (SDA, SCL) pins, which are configured as open-drain regardless of the PnMDOUT settings. SFR Definition 20.13. P0: Port 0 Bit 7 6 5 4 Name P0[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0x80; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable Bit Name Description Write 7:0 P0[7:0] Port 0 Data. Sets the Port latch logic value or reads the Port pin logic state in Port cells configured for digital I/O. 0: Set output latch to logic LOW. 1: Set output latch to logic HIGH. Rev 1.5 Read 0: P0.n Port pin is logic LOW. 1: P0.n Port pin is logic HIGH. 204 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.14. P0MDIN: Port 0 Input Mode Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P0MDIN[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xF1; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7:0 P0MDIN[7:0] 2 1 0 1 1 1 Function Analog Configuration Bits for P0.7–P0.0 (respectively). Port pins configured for analog mode have their weak pull-up and digital receiver disabled. For analog mode, the pin also needs to be configured for open-drain mode in the P0MDOUT register. 0: Corresponding P0.n pin is configured for analog mode. 1: Corresponding P0.n pin is not configured for analog mode. SFR Definition 20.15. P0MDOUT: Port 0 Output Mode Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P0MDOUT[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xA4; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function 7:0 P0MDOUT[7:0] Output Configuration Bits for P0.7–P0.0 (respectively). These bits are ignored if the corresponding bit in register P0MDIN is logic 0. 0: Corresponding P0.n Output is open-drain. 1: Corresponding P0.n Output is push-pull. 205 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.16. P0SKIP: Port 0 Skip Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P0SKIP[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xD4; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7:0 P0SKIP[7:0] 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function Port 0 Crossbar Skip Enable Bits. These bits select Port 0 pins to be skipped by the Crossbar Decoder. Port pins used for analog, special functions or GPIO should be skipped by the Crossbar. 0: Corresponding P0.n pin is not skipped by the Crossbar. 1: Corresponding P0.n pin is skipped by the Crossbar. SFR Definition 20.17. P1: Port 1 Bit 7 6 5 4 Name P1[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0x90; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable Bit Name Description Write 7:0 P1[7:0] Port 1 Data. Sets the Port latch logic value or reads the Port pin logic state in Port cells configured for digital I/O. 0: Set output latch to logic LOW. 1: Set output latch to logic HIGH. Rev 1.5 Read 0: P1.n Port pin is logic LOW. 1: P1.n Port pin is logic HIGH. 206 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.18. P1MDIN: Port 1 Input Mode Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P1MDIN[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xF2; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7:0 P1MDIN[7:0] 2 1 0 1 1 1 Function Analog Configuration Bits for P1.7–P1.0 (respectively). Port pins configured for analog mode have their weak pull-up and digital receiver disabled. For analog mode, the pin also needs to be configured for open-drain mode in the P1MDOUT register. 0: Corresponding P1.n pin is configured for analog mode. 1: Corresponding P1.n pin is not configured for analog mode. SFR Definition 20.19. P1MDOUT: Port 1 Output Mode Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P1MDOUT[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xA5; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function 7:0 P1MDOUT[7:0] Output Configuration Bits for P1.7–P1.0 (respectively). These bits are ignored if the corresponding bit in register P1MDIN is logic 0. 0: Corresponding P1.n Output is open-drain. 1: Corresponding P1.n Output is push-pull. 207 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.20. P1SKIP: Port 1 Skip Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P1SKIP[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xD5; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7:0 P1SKIP[7:0] 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function Port 1 Crossbar Skip Enable Bits. These bits select Port 1 pins to be skipped by the Crossbar Decoder. Port pins used for analog, special functions or GPIO should be skipped by the Crossbar. 0: Corresponding P1.n pin is not skipped by the Crossbar. 1: Corresponding P1.n pin is skipped by the Crossbar. SFR Definition 20.21. P2: Port 2 Bit 7 6 5 4 Name P2[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xA0; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable Bit Name Description Write 7:0 P2[7:0] Port 2Data. Sets the Port latch logic value or reads the Port pin logic state in Port cells configured for digital I/O. 0: Set output latch to logic LOW. 1: Set output latch to logic HIGH. Rev 1.5 Read 0: P2.n Port pin is logic LOW. 1: P2.n Port pin is logic HIGH. 208 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.22. P2MDIN: Port 2 Input Mode Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P2MDIN[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xF3; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7:0 P2MDIN[7:0] 2 1 0 1 1 1 Function Analog Configuration Bits for P2.7–P2.0 (respectively). Port pins configured for analog mode have their weak pull-up and digital receiver disabled. For analog mode, the pin also needs to be configured for open-drain mode in the P2MDOUT register. 0: Corresponding P2.n pin is configured for analog mode. 1: Corresponding P2.n pin is not configured for analog mode. SFR Definition 20.23. P2MDOUT: Port 2 Output Mode Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P2MDOUT[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xA6; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function 7:0 P2MDOUT[7:0] Output Configuration Bits for P2.7–P2.0 (respectively). These bits are ignored if the corresponding bit in register P2MDIN is logic 0. 0: Corresponding P2.n Output is open-drain. 1: Corresponding P2.n Output is push-pull. 209 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.24. P2SKIP: Port 2 Skip Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P2SKIP[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xD6; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7:0 P2SKIP[7:0] 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function Port 2 Crossbar Skip Enable Bits. These bits select Port 2 pins to be skipped by the Crossbar Decoder. Port pins used for analog, special functions or GPIO should be skipped by the Crossbar. 0: Corresponding P2.n pin is not skipped by the Crossbar. 1: Corresponding P2.n pin is skipped by the Crossbar. SFR Definition 20.25. P3: Port 3 Bit 7 6 5 4 Name P3[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xB0; SFR Page = All Pages; Bit-Addressable Bit Name Description Write 7:0 P3[7:0] Port 3 Data. Sets the Port latch logic value or reads the Port pin logic state in Port cells configured for digital I/O. 0: Set output latch to logic LOW. 1: Set output latch to logic HIGH. Read 0: P3.n Port pin is logic LOW. 1: P3.n Port pin is logic HIGH. Note: Port P3.1–P3.6 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages. Rev 1.5 210 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.26. P3MDIN: Port 3 Input Mode Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P3MDIN[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xF4; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7:0 P3MDIN[7:0] 2 1 0 1 1 1 Function Analog Configuration Bits for P3.7–P3.0 (respectively). Port pins configured for analog mode have their weak pull-up and digital receiver disabled. For analog mode, the pin also needs to be configured for open-drain mode in the P3MDOUT register. 0: Corresponding P3.n pin is configured for analog mode. 1: Corresponding P3.n pin is not configured for analog mode. Note: Port P3.1–P3.7 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages. SFR Definition 20.27. P3MDOUT: Port 3 Output Mode Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P3MDOUT[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xAE; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function 7:0 P3MDOUT[7:0] Output Configuration Bits for P3.7–P3.0 (respectively). These bits are ignored if the corresponding bit in register P3MDIN is logic 0. 0: Corresponding P3.n Output is open-drain. 1: Corresponding P3.n Output is push-pull. Note: Port P3.1–P3.7 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages. 211 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.28. P3SKIP: Port 3Skip Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P3SKIP[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xD7; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 7:0 P3SKIP[7:0] 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function Port 3 Crossbar Skip Enable Bits. These bits select Port 3 pins to be skipped by the Crossbar Decoder. Port pins used for analog, special functions or GPIO should be skipped by the Crossbar. 0: Corresponding P3.n pin is not skipped by the Crossbar. 1: Corresponding P3.n pin is skipped by the Crossbar. Note: Port P3.1–P3.7 are only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages. SFR Definition 20.29. P4: Port 4 Bit 7 6 5 4 Name P4[7:0] Type R/W Reset 1 1 1 1 SFR Address = 0xB5; SFR Page = All Pages Bit Name Description 7:0 P4[7:0] Port 4 Data. Sets the Port latch logic value or reads the Port pin logic state in Port cells configured for digital I/O. 3 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 Write 0: Set output latch to logic LOW. 1: Set output latch to logic HIGH. Read 0: P4.n Port pin is logic LOW. 1: P4.n Port pin is logic HIGH. Note: Port 4.0 is only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages.; P4.1-P4.7 is only available on the 48-pin packages. Rev 1.5 212 C8051F58x/F59x SFR Definition 20.30. P4MDOUT: Port 4 Output Mode Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name P4MDOUT[7:0] Type R/W Reset 0 0 0 0 SFR Address = 0xAF; SFR Page = 0x0F Bit Name 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 Function 7:0 P4MDOUT[7:0] Output Configuration Bits for P4.7–P4.0 (respectively). 0: Corresponding P4.n Output is open-drain. 1: Corresponding P4.n Output is push-pull. Note: Port 4.0 is only available on the 48-pin and 40-pin packages.; P4.1-P4.7 is only available on the 48-pin packages. 213 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 21. Local Interconnect Network (LIN0) Important Note: This chapter assumes an understanding of the Local Interconnect Network (LIN) protocol. For more information about the LIN protocol, including specifications, please refer to the LIN consortium (http://www.lin-subbus.org). LIN is an asynchronous, serial communications interface used primarily in automotive networks. The Silicon Laboratories LIN controller is compliant to the 2.1 Specification, implements a complete hardware LIN interface and includes the following features:  Selectable Master and Slave modes. Automatic baud rate option in slave mode.  The internal oscillator is accurate to within 0.5% of 24 MHz across the entire temperature range and for VDD voltages greater than or equal to the minimum output of the on-chip voltage regulator, so an external oscillator is not necessary for master mode operation for most systems.  Note: The minimum system clock (SYSCLK) required when using the LIN controller is 8 MHz. C8051F580/2/4/6/8-F590 LIN Controller LIN Data Registers 8051 MCU Core LIN Control Registers LIN0ADR LIN0DAT Indirectly Addressed Registers TX Control State Machine LIN0CF RX Figure 21.1. LIN Block Diagram The LIN controller has four main components:  LIN Access Registers—Provide the interface between the MCU core and the LIN controller.  LIN Data Registers—Where transmitted and received message data bytes are stored.  LIN Control Registers—Control the functionality of the LIN interface.  Control State Machine and Bit Streaming Logic—Contains the hardware that serializes messages and controls the bus timing of the controller. Rev 1.5 214 C8051F58x/F59x 21.1. Software Interface with the LIN Controller The selection of the mode (Master or Slave) and the automatic baud rate feature are done though the LIN0 Control Mode (LIN0CF) register. The other LIN registers are accessed indirectly through the two SFRs LIN0 Address (LIN0ADR) and LIN0 Data (LIN0DAT). The LIN0ADR register selects which LIN register is targeted by reads/writes of the LIN0DAT register. The full list of indirectly-accessible LIN registers is given in Table 21.4 on page 223. 21.2. LIN Interface Setup and Operation The hardware based LIN controller allows for the implementation of both Master and Slave nodes with minimal firmware overhead and complete control of the interface status while allowing for interrupt and polled mode operation. The first step to use the controller is to define the basic characteristics of the node: Mode—Master or Slave Baud Rate—Either defined manually or using the autobaud feature (slave mode only) Checksum Type—Select between classic or enhanced checksum, both of which are implemented in hardware. 21.2.1. Mode Definition Following the LIN specification, the controller implements in hardware both the Slave and Master operating modes. The mode is configured using the MODE bit (LIN0CF.6). 21.2.2. Baud Rate Options: Manual or Autobaud The LIN controller can be selected to have its baud rate calculated manually or automatically. A master node must always have its baud rate set manually, but slave nodes can choose between a manual or automatic setup. The configuration is selected using the ABAUD bit (LIN0CF.5). Both the manual and automatic baud rate configurations require additional setup. The following sections explain the different options available and their relation with the baud rate, along with the steps necessary to achieve the required baud rate. 21.2.3. Baud Rate Calculations: Manual Mode The baud rate used by the LIN controller is a function of the System Clock (SYSCLK) and the LIN timing registers according to the following equation: SYSCLK baud_rate = -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prescaler + 1  2  divider   multiplier + 1  The prescaler, divider and multiplier factors are part of the LIN0DIV and LIN0MUL registers and can assume values in the following range: Table 21.1. Baud Rate Calculation Variable Ranges Factor Range prescaler 0…3 multiplier 0…31 divider 200…511 Important Note: The minimum system clock (SYSCLK) to operate the LIN controller is 8 MHz. Use the following equations to calculate the values for the variables for the baud-rate equation: 215 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x 20000 multiplier = ----------------------------- – 1 baud_rate SYSCLK prescaler = ln ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- multiplier + 1   baud_rate  200 1 -–1  ------ln2 SYSCLK divider = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- prescaler + 1  2   multiplier + 1   baud_rate  In all of these equations, the results must be rounded down to the nearest integer. The following example shows the steps for calculating the baud rate values for a Master node running at 24 MHz and communicating at 19200 bits/sec. First, calculate the multiplier: 20000 multiplier = ---------------- – 1 = 0.0417 19200 0 Next, calculate the prescaler: 24000000 prescaler = ln ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 + 1   19200  200 1 - – 1 = 1.644  1  ------ln2 Finally, calculate the divider: 24000000 divider = ----------------------------------------------------------------------- = 312.5 1 + 1 2   0 + 1   19200 These values lead to the following baud rate: 24000000 baud_rate = ---------------------------------------------------------------1 + 1 2   0 + 1   312  312  19230.77 The following code programs the interface in Master mode, using the Enhanced Checksum and enables the interface to operate at 19230 bits/sec using a 24 MHz system clock. LIN0CF LIN0CF = 0x80; |= 0x40; // Activate the interface // Set the node as a Master LIN0ADR = 0x0D; // Point to the LIN0MUL register // Initialize the register (prescaler, multiplier and bit 8 of divider) LIN0DAT = ( 0x01 8 ); LIN0ADR = 0x0C; // Point to the LIN0DIV register LIN0DAT = (unsigned char)_0x138; // Initialize LIN0DIV LIN0ADR LIN0DAT = 0x0B; |= 0x80; LIN0ADR LIN0DAT = 0x08; = 0x0C; // Point to the LIN0SIZE register // Initialize the checksum as Enhanced // Point to LIN0CTRL register // Reset any error and the interrupt Table 21.2 includes the configuration values required for the typical system clocks and baud rates: Rev 1.5 216 C8051F58x/F59x Table 21.2. Manual Baud Rate Parameters Examples Baud (bits/sec) 1 325 1 1 325 3 1 325 19 1 312 24.5 0 1 306 0 1 319 1 1 319 3 1 319 19 1 306 Div. Pres. 0 Mult. Mult. 312 Div. Pres. 1 Div. Mult. 0 Div. 25 Div. Pres. 1K Mult. 4.8 K Pres. 9.6 K Mult. SYSCLK (MHz) 19.2 K Pres. 20 K 24 0 1 300 0 1 312 1 1 312 3 1 312 19 1 300 22.1184 0 1 276 0 1 288 1 1 288 3 1 288 19 1 276 16 0 1 200 0 1 208 1 1 208 3 1 208 19 1 200 12.25 0 0 306 0 0 319 1 0 319 3 0 319 19 0 306 12 0 0 300 0 0 312 1 0 312 3 0 312 19 0 300 11.0592 0 0 276 0 0 288 1 0 288 3 0 288 19 0 276 8 0 0 200 0 0 208 1 0 208 3 0 208 19 0 200 21.2.4. Baud Rate Calculations—Automatic Mode If the LIN controller is configured for slave mode, only the prescaler and divider need to be calculated: SYSCLK prescaler = ln ------------------------4000000 1  -------–1 ln2 SYSCLK divider = --------------------------------------------------------------------- prescaler + 1  2  20000 The following example calculates the values of these variables for a 24 MHz system clock: 24000000 prescaler = ln -------------------------4000000 1  ------- – 1 = 1.585  1 ln2 24000000 divider = --------------------------------------------- = 300 1 + 1 2  20000 Table 21.3 presents some typical values of system clock and baud rate along with their factors. 217 Rev 1.5 C8051F58x/F59x Table 21.3. Autobaud Parameters Examples System Clock (MHz) Prescaler Divider 25 1 312 24.5 1 306 24 1 300 22.1184 1 276 16 1 200 12.25 0 306 12 0 300 11.0592 0 276 8 0 200 21.3. LIN Master Mode Operation The master node is responsible for the scheduling of messages and sends the header of each frame containing the SYNCH BREAK FIELD, SYNCH FIELD, and IDENTIFIER FIELD. The steps to schedule a message transmission or reception are listed below. 1. Load the 6-bit Identifier into the LIN0ID register. 2. Load the data length into the LIN0SIZE register. Set the value to the number of data bytes or "1111b" if the data length should be decoded from the identifier. Also, set the checksum type, classic or enhanced, in the same LIN0SIZE register. 3. Set the data direction by setting the TXRX bit (LIN0CTRL.5). Set the bit to 1 to perform a master transmit operation, or set the bit to 0 to perform a master receive operation. 4. If performing a master transmit operation, load the data bytes to transmit into the data buffer (LIN0DT1 to LIN0DT8). 5. Set the STREQ bit (LIN0CTRL.0) to start the message transfer. The LIN controller will schedule the message frame and request an interrupt if the message transfer is successfully completed or if an error has occurred. This code segment shows the procedure to schedule a message in a transmission operation: LIN0ADR LIN0DAT LIN0ADR LIN0DAT LIN0ADR LIN0DAT = 0x08; |= 0x20; = 0x0E; = 0x11; = 0x0B; = ( LIN0DAT & 0xF0 ) | LIN0ADR = 0x00; for (i=0; i