SLWSTK6101C

UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide A Wireless Starter Kit with the BRD4302A Radio Board is an excellent starting point to get familiar with the BGM121 Blue Gecko Module. It also provides the necessary tools for developing a Silicon Labs wireless application. BRD4302A contains the BGM121 SiP Module, and it is a plug-in board for the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard. The Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard contains an on-board J-Link debugger with a Packet Trace Interface and a virtual COM port, enabling application development and debugging the attached radio board as well as external hardware. The mainboard also contains sensors and peripherals for easy demonstration of some of the BGM121's many capabilities. This document describes how to use the BRD4302A Radio Board together with a Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard. BRD4302A RADIO BOARD FEATURES • BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module with 256 kB Flash and 32 kB RAM. Fully integrated chip antenna, RF matching network, crystals and decoupling (BGM121A256V1). • 8 Mbit low-power serial flash for over-theair upgrades. WIRELESS STK MAINBOARD FEATURES • Advanced Energy Monitor • Packet Trace Interface • Virtual COM Port • SEGGER J-Link on-board debugger • External device debugging • Ethernet and USB connectivity • Silicon Labs Si7021 Relative Humidity and Temperature sensor • Low Power 128x128 pixel Memory LCD • User LEDs / Pushbuttons • 20-pin 2.54 mm EXP header • Breakout pads for SiP Module I/O • CR2032 coin cell battery support EXPANSION BOARD FEATURES • Accelerometer • Buttons and LEDs • Joystick SOFTWARE SUPPORT • Simplicity Studio™ • Energy Profiler • Network Analyzer • iOS and Android applications ORDERING INFORMATION • SLWSTK6101C • SLWRB4302A silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1 Radio Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . 2. Hardware Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1 Hardware Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2 Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . 3. Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.1 J-Link USB Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.2 Ethernet Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.3 Breakout Pads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.4 EXP Header . . . . . 3.4.1 EXP Header Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 .10 3.5 Debug Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 3.6 Simplicity Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 3.7 Debug Adapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 4. Power Supply and Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 . . 4.1 Radio Board Power Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 4.2 Board Controller Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 4.3 BGM121 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 5. Peripherals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 . . . 5.1 Push Buttons and LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 5.2 Memory LCD-TFT Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 5.3 Serial Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 5.4 Si7021 Relative Humidity and Temperature Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 5.5 Virtual COM Port . . . . 5.5.1 Host Interfaces . . 5.5.2 Serial Configuration . 5.5.3 Hardware Handshake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 .21 .21 .22 6. Expansion Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . 6.1 Accelerometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 6.2 Push Buttons and LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 6.3 Joystick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 7. Board Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 . . 7.1 Admin Console . 7.1.1 Connecting . . . . . . . . . . . . . silabs.com | Building a more connected world. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 .25 Rev. 1.02 | 2 7.1.2 Built-in Help . . . 7.1.3 Command Examples 7.2 Virtual UART . . . . 8. Advanced Energy Monitor 8.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 .26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 8.2 Theory of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 8.3 AEM Accuracy and Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 8.4 Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 9. On-Board Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 Host Interfaces . . . . . . 9.1.1 USB Interface . . . . . 9.1.2 Ethernet Interface . . . 9.1.3 Serial Number Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 .29 .29 .29 9.2 Debug Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 9.3 Debugging During Battery Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 10. Kit Configuration and Upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 . . 10.1 Firmware Upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 11. Schematics, Assembly Drawings, and BOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 12. Mainboard Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 12.1 Mainboard Connector Pin Associations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 13. Mechanical Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 14. Radio Board Revision History and Errata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 14.1 BRD4302A Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 14.2 BRD4302A Errata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 15. Kit Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 . . . 15.1 SLWSTK6101C Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 15.2 SLWRB4302A Revision history. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 16. Document Revision History silabs.com | Building a more connected world. . Rev. 1.02 | 3 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Introduction 1. Introduction The BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module itself is featured on a Radio Board that forms a complete reference design, including the RF section and other components. The Radio Board plugs directly into a Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard. The Mainboard features several tools for easy evaluation and development of wireless applications. An on-board J-Link debugger enables programming and debugging on the target device over USB or Ethernet. The Advanced Energy Monitor (AEM) offers real-time current and voltage monitoring. A virtual COM port interface (VCOM) provides an easy-to-use serial port connection over USB or Ethernet. The Packet Trace Interface (PTI) offers invaluable debug information about transmitted and received packets in wireless links. All debug functionality, including AEM, VCOM and PTI, can also be used towards external target hardware instead of the attached radio board. To further enhance its usability, the Mainboard contains sensors and peripherals demonstrating some of the many capabilities of the BGM121. The Wireless Starter Kit for BGM121 includes an EXP board (BRD8006A) that can be connected to the Wireless STK mainboard EXP header. The EXP board contains additional peripherals such as an accelerometer, buttons, LEDs and a joystick. 1.1 Radio Boards A Wireless Starter Kit consists of one or more mainboards and radio boards that plug into the mainboard. Different radio boards are available, each featuring different Silicon Labs devices with different operating frequency bands. Since the mainboard is designed to work with all different radio boards, the actual pin mapping from a device pin to a mainboard feature is done on the radio board. This means that each radio board has its own pin mapping to the Wireless Starter Kit features such as buttons, LEDs, the display, the EXP header and the breakout pads. Because this pin mapping is different for every radio board, it is important that the correct document be consulted which shows the kit features in context of the radio board plugged in. This document explains how to use the Wireless Starter Kit when the BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Radio Board (BRD4302A) is combined with a Wireless STK Mainboard. The combination of these two boards is hereby referred to as a Wireless Starter Kit (Wireless STK). 1.2 Ordering Information BRD4302A can be obtained as part of SLWSTK6101C Blue Gecko Module Wireless Starter Kit or as a separate radio board, SLWRB4302A. Table 1.1. Ordering Information Part Number Description Contents SLWSTK6101C Blue Gecko Module Wireless Starter Kit 1x BRD4001A Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard 1x BRD4300A BGM111 Blue Gecko Module Radio Board 1x BRD4302A BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Radio Board 1x BRD8006A Blue Gecko Module Kit Add-on Board 1x USB Type A to Mini-B cable SLWRB4302A BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Radio Board 1x BRD4302A BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Radio Board 1.3 Getting Started Detailed instructions for how to get started can be found on the Silicon Labs web pages: http://www.silabs.com/bluetooth-getstarted silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 4 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Hardware Overview 2. Hardware Overview 2.1 Hardware Layout The layout of the BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit is shown in the figure below. Radio Board Breakout Pads Plug-in Radio Board On-board USB and Ethernet J-Link Debugger Si7021 Humidity and Temperature Sensor EXP Board 3-axis Accelerometer 2x Push Buttons 2x LEDs Analog Joystick USB-serial-port Packet-trace Advanced Energy Monitoring EXP header for expansion boards Battery or USB power Ultra-low power 128x128 pixel memory LCD, buttons and LEDs ARM Coresight 19-pin trace/debug header Serial-port, packet trace and Advanced Energy Monitoring header Figure 2.1. Kit Hardware Layout silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 5 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Hardware Overview 2.2 Block Diagram An overview of the BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit is shown in the figure below. Wireless STK Mainboard Board Controller UART Debug Multiplexer AEM Packet Trace Debug IN Debug Connector MCU O U T Simplicity Connector USB Mini-B Connector Packet Trace AEM UART RJ-45 Ethernet Connector EXP Header Debug Packet Trace AEM UART ETM Trace 128 x 128 pixel Memory LCD GPIO SPI Serial Flash GPIO BMA280 Footprint for I2C Expansion BGM121 Accelerometer Si7021 ADC input I2C GPIO SPI BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP I2C User Buttons & LEDs 8 Mbit MX25R Buttons & LEDs Temperature & Humidity Sensor Analog Joystick Expansion Board Peripherals Figure 2.2. Kit Block Diagram silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 6 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Connectors 3. Connectors This chapter gives you an overview of the Wireless STK Mainboard connectivity. The placement of the connectors are shown in the figure below. 3 3V V 3 3 D N D G GN C N NC 5 4 P4 P4 3 2 P4 P4 1 0 P4 P4 9 8 P3 P3 7 6 P3 P3 5 4 P3 P3 3 2 P3 P3 1 0 P3 P3 9 8 P2 P2 7 6 P2 P2 5 4 P2 P2 D N D G G N 5V 5V Ethernet Connector Ra Co dio B nn ec oard tor s EX P J-Link USB Connector He ad e r Simplicity Connector Debug Connector F F VR R V D N D G GN 3 2 P2 P2 1 0 P2 P2 9 8 P1 P1 7 6 P1 P1 5 4 P1 P1 3 2 P1 P1 1 0 P1 P1 P9 P8 P7 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 P0 D N D G GN U C U VM MC V Figure 3.1. Mainboard Connector Layout 3.1 J-Link USB Connector The J-Link USB connector is situated on the left side of the Wireless Starter Kit Mainboard. Most of the kit's development features are supported through this USB interface when connected to a host computer, including: • Debugging and programming of the target device using the on-board J-Link debugger • Communication with the target device over the virtual COM port using USB-CDC • Accurate current profiling using the AEM In addition to providing access to development features of the kit, this USB connector is also the main power source for the kit. USB 5V from this connector powers the board controller and the AEM. It is recommended that the USB host be able to supply at least 500 mA to this connector, although the actual current required will vary depending on the application. 3.2 Ethernet Connector The Ethernet connector provides access to all of the Wireless Starter Kit's development features over TCP/IP. The Ethernet interface provides some additional development features to the user. Supported features include: • • • • • • Debugging and programming of the target device using the on-board J-Link debugger Communication with the target device over the virtual COM port using TCP/IP socket 4901 "VUART" communication with the target device over the debug SWD/SWO interface using TCP/IP socket 4900 Accurate current profiling using the AEM Real-time radio packet and network analysis using the Packet Trace Interface Access to advanced configuration options using the admin console over TCP/IP socket 4902 Please note that the Wireless Starter Kit cannot be powered using the Ethernet connector, so in order to use this interface, the USB connector must be used to provide power to the board. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 7 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Connectors 3.3 Breakout Pads Most pins of the BGM121 are routed from the radio board to breakout pads at the top and bottom edges of the Wireless STK Mainboard. A 2.54 mm pitch pin header can be soldered on for easy access to the pins. The figure below shows you how the pins of the BGM121 maps to the pin numbers printed on the breakout pads. To see the available functions on each, refer to the data sheet for BGM121A256V1. J101 VMCU GND P1 / EXP4 / PC6 / FLASH_MOSI / DISP_SI P3 / EXP6 / PC7 / FLASH_MISO P5 / EXP8 / PC8 / FLASH_SCLK / DISP_SCLK P7 / EXP10 / PC9 P9 / EXP12 / PA0 / VCOM_TX P11 /EXP14 / PA1 / VCOM_RX P13 /EXP16 / PC11 / I2C_SDA P15 / NC P17 / NC P19 / NC P21 / NC P23 / NC GND VRF VMCU GND VCOM_CTS / PA2 / EXP3 / P0 VCOM_RTS / PA3 / EXP5 / P2 PD10 / EXP7 / P4 PD11 / EXP9 / P6 PD12 / EXP11 / P8 DBG_TDI / PF3 / EXP13 / P10 I2C_SCL / PC10 / EXP15 / P12 FLASH_SCS / PA4 / P14 VCOM_ENABLE / PA5 / P16 PTI_CLK / PB11 / P18 PTI_DATA / PB12 / P20 PTI_SYNC / PB13 / P22 GND VRF J102 5V GND DBG_TCK_SWCLK / PF0 / P24 DBG_TMS_SWDIO / PF1 / P26 DBG_TDO_SWO / PF2 / P28 UIF_LED0 / PF4 / P30 UIF_LED1 / PF5 / P32 UIF_BUTTON0 / PF6 / P34 UIF_BUTTON1 / PF7 / P36 NC / P38 NC / P40 NC / P42 NC / P44 NC GND 3V3 5V GND P25 / NC P27 / NC P29 / NC P31 / PD13 / DISP_EXTCOMIN P33 / PD14 / DISP_CS P35 / PD15 / DISP_ENABLE P37 / PD9 / SENSOR_ENABLE P39 / NC P41 / NC P43 / NC P45 / NC NC GND 3V3 Figure 3.2. Breakout Pad Pin Mapping silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 8 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Connectors 3.4 EXP Header The EXP header is an angled 20-pin expansion header provided to allow connection of peripherals or plugin boards to the kit. It is located on the right-hand side of the mainboard and it contains a number of I/O pins that can be used with most of the BGM121 Blue Gecko's features. Additionally, the VMCU, 3V3, and 5V power rails are also exported. The connector follows a standard which ensures that commonly used peripherals such as an SPI, a UART, and an I2C bus are available on fixed locations in the connector. The rest of the pins are used for general purpose IO. This allows the definition of expansion boards (EXP boards) that can plug into a number of different Silicon Labs Starter Kits. The figure below shows the pin assignment of the EXP header. Because of limitations in the number of available GPIO pins, some of the EXP header pins are shared with kit features. 3V3 5V I2C_SDA / PC11 UART_RX / PA1 UART_TX / PA0 SPI_CS / PC9 SPI_SCK / PC8 SPI_MISO / PC7 SPI_MOSI / PC6 VMCU 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 5 3 1 BOARD_ID_SDA BOARD_ID_SCL PC10 / I2C_SCL PF3 / GPIO PD12 / GPIO PD11 / GPIO PD10 / GPIO PA3 / GPIO PA2 / GPIO GND BGM121 I/O Pin Reserved (Board Identification) Figure 3.3. EXP Header silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 9 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Connectors 3.4.1 EXP Header Pinout The pin-routing on the BGM121 is very flexible, so most peripherals can be routed to any pin. However, many pins are shared between the EXP header and other functions on the Wireless STK Mainboard. The table below includes an overview of the mainboard features that share pins with the EXP header. Table 3.1. EXP Header Pinout Pin Connection EXP Header Function Shared Feature Peripheral Mapping 20 3V3 Board controller supply 18 5V Board USB voltage 16 PC11 I2C_SDA SENSOR_I2C_SDA I2C0_SDA #16 14 PA1 UART_RX VCOM_RX USART0_RX #0 12 PA0 UART_TX VCOM_TX USART0_TX #0 10 PC9 SPI_CS 8 PC8 SPI_SCLK 6 PC7 SPI_MISO 4 PC6 SPI_MOSI 2 VMCU 19 BOARD_ID_SDA Connected to Board Controller for identification of add-on boards. 17 BOARD_ID_SCL Connected to Board Controller for identification of add-on boards. 15 PC10 13 USART1_CS #11 DISP_SCLK USART1_CLK #11 USART1_RX #11 DISP_MOSI USART1_TX #11 BGM121 voltage domain, included in AEM measurements. I2C_SCL SENSOR_I2C_SCL I2C0_SCL #14 PF3 GPIO DBG_TDI 11 PB11 GPIO PTI_CLK 9 PF5 GPIO 7 PF4 GPIO 5 PA3 UART_RTS VCOM_RTS USART0_CS #0 3 PA2 UART_CTS VCOM_CTS USART0_CLK #0 1 GND Ground Note: Pin PF3 is used for DBG_TDI in JTAG mode only. When Serial Wire Debugging is used, PF3 can be used for other purposes. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 10 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Connectors 3.5 Debug Connector The debug connector serves multiple purposes based on the "debug mode" setting which can be configured in Simplicity Studio. When the debug mode is set to "Debug IN", the debug connector can be used to connect an external debugger to the BGM121 on the radio board. When set to "Debug OUT", this connector allows the kit to be used as a debugger towards an external target. When set to "Debug MCU" (default), the connector is isolated from both the on-board debugger and the radio board target device. Because this connector is electronically switched between the different operating modes, it can only be used when the board controller is powered (i.e. J-Link USB cable connected). If debug access to the target device is required when the board controller is unpowered, connect directly to the appropriate breakout pins. The pinout of the connector follows that of the standard ARM Cortex Debug+ETM 19-pin connector. The pinout is described in detail below. Even though the connector has support for both JTAG and ETM Trace, it does not necessarily mean that the kit or the on-board target device supports this. VTARGET GND GND NC Cable Detect NC NC GND GND GND 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 TMS / SWDIO / C2D TCK / SWCLK / C2CK TDO / SWO TDI / C2Dps RESET / C2CKps TRACECLK TRACED0 TRACED1 TRACED2 TRACED3 Figure 3.4. Debug Connector Note: The pinout matches the pinout of an ARM Cortex Debug+ETM connector, but these are not fully compatible as pin 7 is physically removed from the Cortex Debug+ETM connector. Some cables have a small plug that prevent them from being used when this pin is present. If this is the case, remove the plug, or use a standard 2x10 1.27 mm straight cable instead. Table 3.2. Debug Connector Pin Descriptions Pin Number(s) Function Description 1 VTARGET Target reference voltage. Used for shifting logical signal levels between target and debugger. 2 TMS / SDWIO / C2D 4 JTAG test mode select, Serial Wire data, or C2 data TCK / SWCLK / C2CK JTAG test clock, Serial Wire clock, or C2 clock 6 TDO/SWO 8 TDI / C2Dps 10 RESET / C2CKps 12 TRACECLK Not connected 14 TRACED0 Not connected 16 TRACED1 Not connected 18 TRACED2 Not connected 20 TRACED3 Not connected 9 Cable detect 11, 13 NC 3, 5, 15, 17, 19 GND silabs.com | Building a more connected world. JTAG test data out or Serial Wire Output JTAG test data in or C2D "pin sharing" function Target device reset or C2CK "pin sharing" function Connect to ground Not connected Ground Rev. 1.02 | 11 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Connectors 3.6 Simplicity Connector The Simplicity Connector enables the advanced debugging features, such as the AEM, the virtual COM port and the Packet Trace Interface, to be used towards an external target. The pinout is illustrated in the figure below. VMCU 3V3 5V GND GND GND GND GND BOARD_ID_SCL BOARD_ID_SDA 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 2 VCOM_TX 4 VCOM_RX 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 VCOM_CTS VCOM_RTS PTI0_SYNC PTI0_DATA PTI0_CLK PTI1_SYNC PTI1_DATA PTI1_CLK Figure 3.5. Simplicity Connector Note: Current drawn from the VMCU voltage pin is included in the AEM measurements, while the 3V3 and 5V voltage pins are not. To monitor the current consumption of an external target with the AEM, unplug the radio board from the Wireless STK Mainboard to avoid adding the radio board current consumption to the measurements. Table 3.3. Simplicity Connector Pin Descriptions Pin Number(s) Function 1 VMCU 3 3V3 3.3 V power rail 5 5V 5 V power rail 2 VCOM_TX Virtual COM Tx 4 VCOM_RX Virtual COM Rx 6 VCOM_CTS Virtual COM CTS 8 VCOM_RTS Virtual COM RTS 10 PTI0_SYNC Packet Trace 0 Sync 12 PTI0_DATA Packet Trace 0 Data 14 PTI0_CLK Packet Trace 0 Clock 16 PTI1_SYNC Packet Trace 1 Sync 18 PTI1_DATA Packet Trace 1 Data 20 PTI1_CLK Packet Trace 1 Clock 17 BOARD_ID_SCL Board ID SCL 19 BOARD_ID_SDA Board ID SDA 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 GND silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Description 3.3 V power rail, monitored by the AEM Ground Rev. 1.02 | 12 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Connectors 3.7 Debug Adapter BRD8010A STK/WSTK Debug Adapter is an adapter board which plugs directly into the debug connector and the Simplicity Connector on the mainboard. It combines selected functionality from the two connectors to a smaller footprint 10-pin connector, which is more suitable for space constrained designs. For versatility, the debug adapter features three different 10-pin debug connectors: • Silicon Labs Mini Simplicity Connector • ARM Cortex 10-pin Debug Connector • Silicon Labs ISA3 Packet Trace The ARM Cortex 10-pin Debug Connector follows the standard Cortex pinout defined by ARM and allows the Starter Kit to be used to debug hardware designs that use this connector. The ISA3 connector follows the same pinout as the Packet Trace connector found on the Silicon Labs Ember Debug Adapter (ISA3). This allows the Starter Kit to be used to debug hardware designs that use this connector. The Mini Simplicity Connector is designed to offer advanced debug features from the Starter Kit on a 10-pin connector: • Serial Wire Debug (SWD) with SWO • Packet Trace Interface (PTI) • Virtual COM port (VCOM) • AEM Monitored voltage rail Note: Packet Trace is only available on Wireless STK Mainboards. MCU Starter Kits do not support Packet Trace. VAEM RST VCOM_TX SWDIO PTI_FRAME 1 3 5 7 9 2 4 6 8 10 GND VCOM_RX SWO SWCLK PTI_DATA Figure 3.6. Mini Simplicity Connector Table 3.4. Mini Simplicity Connector Pin Descriptions Pin Number Function 1 VAEM Target voltage on the debugged application. Supplied and monitored by the AEM when power selection switch is in the "AEM" position. 2 GND Ground 3 RST Reset 4 VCOM_RX Virtual COM Rx 5 VCOM_TX Virtual COM Tx 6 SWO 7 SWDIO Serial Wire Data 8 SWCLK Serial Wire Clock 9 PTI_FRAME 10 PTI_DATA silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Description Serial Wire Output Packet Trace Frame Signal Packet Trace Data Signal Rev. 1.02 | 13 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Power Supply and Reset 4. Power Supply and Reset 4.1 Radio Board Power Selection The BGM121 on a Wireless Starter Kit can be powered by one of these sources: • The debug USB cable • A 3 V coin cell battery • A USB regulator on the radio board (for devices with USB support only) BA T U SB AE M The power source for the radio board is selected with the slide switch in the lower left corner of the Wireless STK Mainboard. The figure below shows how the different power sources can be selected with the slide switch. 5V USB Mini-B Connector LDO 3.3 V Advanced Energy Monitor AEM USB VMCU BAT BGM121 3 V Lithium Battery (CR2032) Figure 4.1. Power Switch With the switch in the AEM position, a low noise 3.3 V LDO on the mainboard is used to power the radio board. This LDO is again powered from the debug USB cable. The AEM is now also connected in series, allowing accurate high speed current measurements and energy debugging/profiling. With the switch in the USB position, radio boards with USB-support can be powered by a regulator on the radio board itself. BRD4302A does not contain an USB regulator, and setting the switch in the USB postition will cause the BGM121 to be unpowered. Finally, with the switch in the BAT position, a 20 mm coin cell battery in the CR2032 socket can be used to power the device. With the switch in this position no current measurements are active. This is the recommended switch position when powering the radio board with an external power source. Note: The current sourcing capabilities of a coin cell battery might be too low to supply certain wireless applications. Note: The AEM can only measure the current consumption of the BGM121 when the power selection switch is in the AEM position. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 14 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Power Supply and Reset 4.2 Board Controller Power The board controller is responsible for important features such as the debugger and the AEM, and is powered exclusively through the USB port in the top left corner of the board. This part of the kit resides on a separate power domain, so a different power source can be selected for the target device while retaining debugging functionality. This power domain is also isolated to prevent current leakage from the target power domain when power to the board controller is removed. The board controller power domain is not influenced by the position of the power switch. The kit has been carefully designed to keep the board controller and the target power domains isolated from each other as one of them powers down. This ensures that the target BGM121 device will continue to operate in the USB and BAT modes. 4.3 BGM121 Reset The BGM121 SiP Module can be reset by a few different sources: • A user pressing the RESET button • The on-board debugger pulling the #RESET pin low • An external debugger pulling the #RESET pin low In addition to the reset sources mentioned above, a reset to the BGM121 will also be issued during board controller boot-up. This means that removing power to the board controller (unplugging the J-Link USB cable) will not generate a reset, but plugging the cable back in will, as the board controller boots up. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 15 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Peripherals 5. Peripherals The starter kit has a set of peripherals that showcase some of the features of the BGM121. Be aware that most BGM121 I/O routed to peripherals are also routed to the breakout pads. This must be taken into consideration when using the breakout pads for your application. 5.1 Push Buttons and LEDs The kit has two user push buttons marked PB0 and PB1. They are connected directly to the BGM121, and are debounced by RC filters with a time constant of 1 ms. The buttons are connected to pins PF6 and PF7. The kit also features two yellow LEDs marked LED0 and LED1, that are controlled by GPIO pins on the BGM121. The LEDs are connected to pins PF4 and PF5 in an active-high configuration. PF4 (GPIO) UIF_LED0 PF5 (GPIO) UIF_LED1 PF6 (GPIO) UIF_PB0 PF7 (GPIO) UIF_PB1 User Buttons & LEDs BGM121 Figure 5.1. Buttons and LEDs silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 16 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Peripherals 5.2 Memory LCD-TFT Display A 1.28-inch SHARP Memory LCD-TFT is available on the kit to enable interactive applications to be developed. The display has a high resolution of 128 by 128 pixels, and consumes very little power. It is a reflective monochrome display, so each pixel can only be light or dark, and no backlight is needed in normal daylight conditions. Data sent to the display is stored in the pixels on the glass, which means no continous refreshing is required to maintain a static image. The display interface consists of an SPI-compatible serial interface and some extra control signals. Pixels are not individually addressable, instead data is sent to the display one line (128 bits) at a time. The Memory LCD-TFT display is shared with the kit's board controller, allowing the board controller application to display useful information when the user application is not using the display. The user application always controls ownership of the display with the DISP_ENABLE signal: • DISP_ENABLE = LOW: The board controller has control of the display • DISP_ENABLE = HIGH: The user application (BGM121) has control of the display Power to the display is sourced from the target application power domain when the BGM121 controls the display, and from the board controller's power domain when the DISP_ENABLE line is low. Data is clocked in on DISP_SI when DISP_CS is high, and the clock is sent on DISP_SCLK. The maximum supported clock speed is 1.1 MHz. DISP_EXTCOMIN is the "COM Inversion" line. It must be pulsed periodically to prevent static build-up in the display itself. Refer to the display application information for details on driving the display: http://www.sharpmemorylcd.com/1-28-inch-memory-lcd.html PC8 (US1_CLK #11) PC6 (US1_TX #11) PD14 (US1_CS #19) PD13 (GPIO) PD15 (GPIO) 0: Board Controller controls display 1: BGM121 controls display BGM121 Figure 5.2. 128x128 Pixel Memory LCD silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 17 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Peripherals 5.3 Serial Flash The BRD4302A Radio Board is equipped with an 8 Mbit Macronix MX25R SPI flash that is connected directly to the BGM121. The figure below shows how the serial flash is connected to the BGM121. VMCU VDD PC8 (US1_CLK #11) SCLK PC6 (US1_TX #11) MOSI PC7 (US1_RX #11) MISO PA4 (US1_CS #1) SCS 8 Mbit MX25R8035F BGM121 Figure 5.3. Radio Board Serial Flash The MX25R series are ultra low power serial flash devices, so there is no need for a separate enable switch to keep current consumption down. However, it is important that the flash is always put in deep power down mode when not used. This is done by issuing a command over the SPI interface. In deep power down, the MX25R typically adds approximately 100 nA to the radio board current consumption. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 18 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Peripherals 5.4 Si7021 Relative Humidity and Temperature Sensor The Si7021 I2C relative humidity and temperature sensor is a monolithic CMOS IC integrating humidity and temperature sensor elements, an analog-to-digital converter, signal processing, calibration data, and an I2C Interface. The patented use of industry-standard, low-K polymeric dielectrics for sensing humidity enables the construction of low-power, monolithic CMOS Sensor ICs with low drift and hysteresis, and excellent long term stability. The humidity and temperature sensors are factory-calibrated and the calibration data is stored in the on-chip non-volatile memory. This ensures that the sensors are fully interchangeable, with no recalibration or software changes required. The Si7021 is available in a 3x3 mm DFN package and is reflow solderable. It can be used as a hardware- and software-compatible drop-in upgrade for existing RH/ temperature sensors in 3x3 mm DFN-6 packages, featuring precision sensing over a wider range and lower power consumption. The optional factory-installed cover offers a low profile, convenient means of protecting the sensor during assembly (e.g., reflow soldering) and throughout the life of the product, excluding liquids (hydrophobic/oleophobic) and particulates. The Si7021 offers an accurate, low-power, factory-calibrated digital solution ideal for measuring humidity, dew-point, and temperature, in applications ranging from HVAC/R and asset tracking to industrial and consumer platforms. The I2C bus used for the Si7021 is shared with the EXP header. The temperature sensor is normally isolated from the I2C line. To use the sensor, SENSOR_ENABLE (PD9) must be set high. When enabled, the sensor's current consumption is included in the AEM measurements. VMCU VDD Si7021 SENSOR_I2C_SCL SCL PC11 (I2C0_SDA #16) SENSOR_I2C_SDA SDA PD9 SENSOR_ENABLE PC10 (I2C0_SCL #14) Temperature & Humidity Sensor 0: I2C lines are isolated, sensor is not powered 1: Sensor is powered and connected BGM121 Figure 5.4. Si7021 Relative Humidity and Temperature Sensor Refer to the Silicon Labs web pages for more information: http://www.silabs.com/humidity-sensors silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 19 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Peripherals 5.5 Virtual COM Port An asynchronous serial connection to the board controller is provided for application data transfer between a host PC and the target BGM121. This eliminates the need for an external serial port adapter. Isolation & Level Shift PA0 (US0_TX #0) PA1 (US0_RX #0) PA2 (US0_CTS #30) PA3 (US0_RTS #30) PA5 (GPIO) VCOM_TX VCOM_RX VCOM_CTS Board Controller USB or ETH Host PC VCOM_RTS VCOM_ENABLE BGM121 Figure 5.5. Virtual COM Port Interface The virtual COM port consists of a physical UART between the target device and the board controller, and a logical function in the board controller that makes the serial port available to the host PC over USB or Ethernet. The UART interface consists of four pins and an enable signal. Table 5.1. Virtual COM Port Interface Pins Signal Description VCOM_TX Transmit data from the BGM121 to the board controller VCOM_RX Receive data from the board controller to the BGM121 VCOM_CTS Clear to Send hardware flow control input, asserted by the board controller when it is ready to receive more data VCOM_RTS Request to Send hardware flow control output, asserted by the BGM121 when it is ready to receive more data VCOM_ENABLE Enables the VCOM interface, allowing data to pass through to the board controller. The parameters of the serial port, such as baud rate or flow control, can be configured using the admin console. The default settings depend on which radio board is used with the Wireless STK Mainboard. Note: The VCOM port is only available when the board controller is powered, which requires the J-Link USB cable to be inserted. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 20 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Peripherals 5.5.1 Host Interfaces Data sent to the board controller through the VCOM interface is available in two different ways to the user. At the same time, data can be sent to the target device using these interfaces: • Virtual COM port using a standard USB-CDC driver. • TCP/IP, by connecting to the Wireless STK on TCP/IP port 4901 with a Telnet client. When connecting via USB, the device should automatically show up as a COM port. Some examples of device names that can be assosiated with the kit: • JLink CDC UART Port (COM5) on Windows hosts • /dev/cu.usbmodem1411 on macOS • /dev/ttyACM0 on Linux Note that these are only examples of what the device might show up as, and the actual assignment depends on the operating system, and how many devices are or have been connected previously. Data sent by the target device into the VCOM interface can be read from this port, and data written to this port is transmitted to the traget device. Connecting to the Wireless STK on port 4901 gives access to the same data over TCP/IP. Data written into the VCOM interface by the target device can be read from the socket, and data written into the socket is transmitted to the target device. Note: Only one of these interfaces can be used at the same time, with the TCP/IP socket taking priority. This means that if a socket is connected to port 4901, no data can be sent or received on the USB COM port. 5.5.2 Serial Configuration By default, the VCOM serial port is configured to use 115200 8N1, with flow control disabled/ignored. (115.2 Kbit/s, 8 databits, 1 stop bit). The configuration can be changed using the Admin Console: WSTK> serial vcom config Usage: serial vcom config [--nostore] [handshake ] [speed ] Using this command, the baud rate can be configured between 9600 and 921600 bit/s, and hardware handshake can be enabled or disabled on either or both flow control pins. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 21 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Peripherals 5.5.3 Hardware Handshake The VCOM peripheral supports basic RTS/CTS flow control. VCOM_CTS (target clear to send) is a signal that is output from the board controller and input to the target device. The board controller de-asserts this pin whenever its input buffer is full and it is unable to accept more data from the target device. If hardware handshake is enabled in the target firmware, its UART peripheral will halt when data is not being consumed by the host. This implements end-to-end flow control for data moving from the target device to the host. VCOM_CTS is connected to the RTS pin on the board controller, and is enabled by setting handshake to either RTS or RTSCTS using the "serial vcom config" command. VCOM_RTS (target request to send) is a signal that is output form the target device and input to the board controller. The board controller will halt transmission of data towards the target if the target device de-asserts this signal. This gives the target firmware a means to hold off incoming data until it can be processed. Please note that de-asserting RTS will not abort the byte currently being transmitted, so the target firmware must be able to accept at least one more character after RTS is de-asserted. VCOM_RTS is connected to the CTS pin of the board controller, and is enabled by setting handshake to either CTS or RTSCTS using the "serial vcom config" command in the Admin Console. If CTS flow control is disabled, the state of VCOM_RTS will be ignored and data will be transmitted to the target device anyway. Table 5.2. Hardware Handshake Configuration Mode Description disabled RTS (VCOM_CTS) is not driven by the board controller and CTS (VCOM_RTS) is ignored rts RTS (VCOM_CTS) is driven by the board controller to halt target from transmitting when input buffer is full. CTS (VCOM_RTS) is ignored. cts RTS (VCOM_CTS) is not driven by the board controller. Data is transmitted to the target device if CTS (VCOM_RTS) is asserted, and halted when de-asserted. rtscts RTS (VCOM_CTS) is driven by the board controller to halt target when buffers are full. Data is transmitted to the target device if CTS (VCOM_RTS) is asserted, and halted when de-asserted. Note: Please note that enabling CTS flow control without configuring the VCOM_RTS pin can result in no data being transmitted from the host to the target device. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 22 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Expansion Board 6. Expansion Board The User Interface Expansion Board included with the BGM121 Wireless STK includes the following features: • 1x 3-axis accelerometer (Bosch Sensortech BMA280) • 1x Joystick with 9 measurable positions • 2x Push buttons and 2x LEDs The connections between the Expansion Board and the BGM121 are shown in the figure below: PA0 (ADC) JOYSTICK (EXP12) PD10 (GPIO) BUTTON_LED2 (EXP7) PA1 (GPIO) BUTTON_LED3 (EXP14) PC6 (US1_TX #11) ACC_MOSI (EXP4) PC7 (US1_RX #11) ACC_MISO (EXP6) PC8 (US1_CLK #11) ACC_SCK (EXP8) PC9 (US1_CS #11) ACC_CS (EXP10) PD11 (GPIO) ACC_INT (EXP9) Analog Joystick Buttons & LEDs BMA280 Accelerometer BGM121 Figure 6.1. User Interface Expansion Board The following sections contain more detailed information about each feature. 6.1 Accelerometer Bosch Sensortec BMA280 is a triaxial, low-power, low-g accelerometer sensor with SPI interface. It features 14-bit digital resolution and allows very low-noise measurement of acceleration in 3 perpendicular axes and can therefore sense tilt, motion, shock and vibration. Please refer to Bosch Sensortec's product page for a detailed datasheet of this sensor: http://www.bosch-sensortec.com/bst/products/ all_products/bma280 6.2 Push Buttons and LEDs The Expansion Board contains two push buttons (marked BTN2 and BTN3 on the PCB) and two LEDs (LED2 and LED3, not marked but placed correspondingly above the push button markings). One push button and one LED share the same I/O pin on the BGM121. The push button is connected to the LED through a transistor, allowing the I/O to be used either as an input (for reading the push button state) or as an output (to control the LED state on or off). When configured as an input, "0" indicates that the button is being pressed and "1" that the push button is not being pressed. Likewise, when configured as an output, "0" will turn the LED on and "1" will turn it off. Pressing a push button will also light up the corresponding LED because the LED is controlled by the same line (state) regardless of whether it is the BGM121 or the push button that pulls the line low. The each button is debounced by an RC filter with a time constant of about 1 ms. Pressing the push button while having the pin configured as an output in high state ("1") will not cause damage, but will cause extra current to flow. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 23 bit 8035F UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Expansion Board 6.3 Joystick The analog joystick offers 9 measureable positions. This joystick is connected to the BGM121 pin PD4. Each of the joystick output pins are connected to a different resistor value to create a unique voltage that is measured by the internal ADC on the BGM121. The joystick output is connected to AD Channel 0 (ADC0). The figure below shows the connection between the joystíck and the BGM121. PA0 (ADC) BGM121 Figure 6.2. User Interface Expansion Board Joystick The table below lists the expected output voltage from each joystick position. Table 6.1. Joystick Output Voltage Position Resistor combinations [kohm] Center press 0.1 / (0.1 + 10) 0.03 V Up (N) 60.4 / (60.4 + 10) 2.83 V Up-Right (NE) {(N // E) / {(N // E) + 10 } = 21.34 / (21.34 + 10) 2.25 V Right (E) 33 / (33 + 10) 2.53 V Down-Right (SE) (S // E) / {(S // E) + 10)} = 7.67 / (7.67 + 10) 1.43 V Down (S) 10 / (10 + 10) 1.65 V Down-Left (SW) (S // W) / {(S // W) + 10)} = 6 / (6 + 10) 1.24 V Left (W) 15 / (15 + 10) 1.98 V Up-Left (NW) (N // W) / {(N // W) + 10)} = 12.01 / (12.01 + 10) 1.80 V Joystick output voltage [V]1 Note: 1) Output Voltage is calculated with VMCU of 3.3 V . silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 24 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Board Controller 7. Board Controller The Wireless STK Mainboard contains a dedicated microcontroller for some of the advanced kit features provided. This microcontroller is referred to as the board controller, and is not programmable by the user. The board controller acts as an interface between the host PC and the target device on the radio board, as well as handling some house-keeping functions on the board. Some of the kit features actively managed by the board controller are: • • • • The on-board debugger, which can flash and debug both on-board and external targets. The Advanced Energy Monitor, which provides real-time energy profiling of the user application. The Packet Trace Interface, which is used in conjunction with PC software to provide detailed insight into an active radio network. The Virtual COM Port and Virtual UART interfaces, which provide ways to transfer application data between the host PC and the target processor. • The admin console, which provides configuration of the various board features. Silicon Labs publishes updates to the board controller firmware in the form of firmware upgrade packages. These updates may enable new features or fix issues. See 10.1 Firmware Upgrades for details on firmware upgrade. 7.1 Admin Console The admin console is a command line interface to the board controller on the kit. It provides functionality for configuring the kit behavior and retreiving configuration and operational parameters. 7.1.1 Connecting The Wireless Starter Kit must be connected to Ethernet using the Ethernet connector in the top left corner of the mainboard for the admin console to be available. See 9.1.2 Ethernet Interface for details on the Ethernet connectivity. Connect to the admin console by opening a telnet connection to the kit's IP address, port number 4902. When successfully connected, a WSTK> prompt is displayed. 7.1.2 Built-in Help The admin console has a built-in help system which is accessed by the help command. The help command will print a list of all top level commands: WSTK> help *************** Root commands **************** aem AEM commands [ calibrate, current, dump, ... ] boardid Commands for board ID probe. [ list, probe ] dbg Debug interface status and control [ info, mode,] dch Datachannel control and info commands [ info ] discovery Discovery service commands. net Network commands. [ dnslookup, geoprobe, ip ] pti Packet trace interface status and control [ config, disable, dump, ... ] quit Exit from shell sys System commands [ nickname, reset, scratch, ... ] target Target commands. [ button, flashwrite, go, ... ] time Time Service commands [ client, server ] user User management functions [ login,] The help command can be used in conjunction with any top level command to get a list of sub-commands with description. For example, pti help will print a list of all available sub-commands of pti: WSTK> pti help *************** pti commands **************** config Configure packet trace disable Disable packet trace dump Dump PTI packets to the console as they come enable Enable packet trace info Packet trace state information This means that running pti enable will enable packet trace. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 25 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Board Controller 7.1.3 Command Examples PTI Configuration pti config 0 efruart 1600000 Configures PTI to use the "EFRUART" mode at 1.6 Mb/s. Serial Port Configuration serial config vcom handshake enable Enables hardware handshake on the VCOM UART connection. 7.2 Virtual UART The Virtual UART interface provides a high performance application data interface that does not require any additional I/O pins apart from the debug interface. It is based on SEGGER's Real Time Transfer (RTT) technology, and uses Serial Wire Output (SWO) to get appliaction data from the device, and a shared memory interface to send data to the target application. The Wireless Starter Kit makes the Virtual UART interface available on TCP/IP port 4900. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 26 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Advanced Energy Monitor 8. Advanced Energy Monitor 8.1 Introduction Any embedded developer seeking to make his embedded code spend as little energy as the underlying architecture supports needs tools to easily and quickly discover inefficiencies in the running application. This is what the Simplicity Energy Profiler is designed to do. In real-time, the Energy Profiler will graph and log current as a function of time while correlating this to the actual target application code running on the BGM121. There are multiple features in the profiler software that allows for easy analysis, such as markers and statistics on selected regions of the current graph or aggregate energy usage by different parts of the application. 8.2 Theory of Operation The Advanced Energy Monitor (AEM) circuitry on the board is capable of measuring current signals in the range of 0.1 µA to 95 mA, which is a dynamic range of alomst 120 dB. It can do this while maintaining approximately 10 kHz of current signal bandwidth. This is accomplished through a combination of a highly capable current sense amplifier, multiple gain stages, and signal processing within the kit's board controller before the current sense signal is read by a host computer for display and/or storage. The current sense amplifier measures the voltage drop over a small series resistor, and the gain stage further amplifies this voltage with two different gain settings to obtain two current ranges. The transition between these two ranges occurs around 250 µA. The current signal is combined with the target processor's Program Counter (PC) sampling by utilizing a feature of the ARM CoreSight debug architecture. The Instrumentation Trace Macrocell (ITM) block can be programmed to sample the MCU's PC at periodic intervals (50 kHz) and output these over SWO pin ARM devices. When these two data streams are fused and correlated with the running application's memory map, an accurate statistical profile can be built, that shows the energy profile of the running application in real-time. At kit power-up or on a power-cycle, an automatic AEM calibration is performed. This calibration compensates for any offset errors in the current sense amplifiers. LDO BGM121 Peripherals AEM Processing Figure 8.1. Advanced Energy Monitor Note: The 3.3 V regulator feedback point is after the 2.35 Ω sense resistor to ensure that the VMCU voltage is kept constant when the output current changes. Maximum recommended output current is 300 mA. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 27 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Advanced Energy Monitor 8.3 AEM Accuracy and Performance The AEM is capable of measuring currents in the range of 0.1 µA to 95 mA. For currents above 250 µA, the AEM is accurate within 0.1 mA. When measuring currents below 250 µA, the accuracy increases to 1 µA. Even though the absolute accuracy is 1 µA in the sub 250 µA range, the AEM is able to detect changes in the current consumption as small as 100 nA. The AEM current sampling rate is 10 kHz. Note: The AEM circuitry only works when the kit is powered and the power switch is in the AEM position. 8.4 Usage The AEM data is collected by the board controller and can be displayed by the Energy Profiler, available through Simplicity Studio. By using the Energy Profiler, current consumption and voltage can be measured and linked to the actual code running on the BGM121 in realtime. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 28 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide On-Board Debugger 9. On-Board Debugger The Wireless STK Mainboard contains an integrated debugger, which can be used to download code and debug the BGM121. In addition to programming a target on a plug-in radio board, the debugger can also be used to program and debug external Silicon Labs EFM32, EFM8, EZR32, and EFR32 devices connected through the debug connector. The debugger supports three different debug interfaces for Silicon Labs devices: • Serial Wire Debug is supported by all EFM32, EFR32, and EZR32 devices • JTAG is supported by EFR32 and some EFM32 devices • C2 Debug is supported by EFM8 devices In order for debugging to work properly, make sure that the selected debug interface is supported by the target device. The debug connector on the board supports all three of these modes. 9.1 Host Interfaces The Wireless Starter Kit supports connecting to the on-board debugger using either Ethernet or USB. Many tools support connecting to a debugger using either USB or Ethernet. When connected over USB, the kit is identified by its J-Link serial number. When connected over Ethernet, the kit is normally identified by its IP address. Some tools also support using the serial number when connecting over Ethernet, however this typically requires the computer and the kit to be on the same subnet for the discovery protocol (using UDP broadcast packets) to work. 9.1.1 USB Interface The USB interface is available whenever the USB Mini-B connector on the left-hand side of the mainboard is connected to a computer. 9.1.2 Ethernet Interface The Ethernet interface is available when the mainboard Ethernet connector in the top left corner is connected to a network. Normally, the kit will receive an IP address from a local DHCP server, and the IP address is printed on the LCD display. If your network does not have a DHCP server, you need to connect to the kit via USB and set the IP address manually using Simplicity Studio, Simplicity Commander, or J-Link Configurator. For the Ethernet connectivity to work, the kit must still be powered through the USB Mini-B connector. See 4.2 Board Controller Power for details. 9.1.3 Serial Number Identification All Silicon Labs kits have a unique J-Link serial number which identifies the kit to PC applications. This number is 9 digits, and is normally on the form 44xxxxxxx. The J-Link serial number is normally printed at the bottom of the kit LCD display. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 29 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide On-Board Debugger 9.2 Debug Modes Programming external devices is done by connecting to a target board through the provided debug connector, and by setting the debug mode to [Out]. The same connector can also be used to connect an external debugger to the BGM121 SiP Module on the kit, by setting debug mode to [In]. Selecting the active debug mode is done in Simplicity Studio. Debug MCU: In this mode, the on-board debugger is connected to the BGM121 on the kit. Host Computer USB Board Controller RADIO BOARD External Hardware DEBUG HEADER Figure 9.1. Debug MCU Debug OUT: In this mode, the on-board debugger can be used to debug a supported Silicon Labs device mounted on a custom board. Host Computer USB Board Controller RADIO BOARD External Hardware DEBUG HEADER Figure 9.2. Debug OUT Debug IN: In this mode, the on-board debugger is disconnected, and an external debugger can be connected to debug the BGM121 on the kit. Host Computer USB Board Controller RADIO BOARD External Debug Probe DEBUG HEADER Figure 9.3. Debug IN silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 30 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide On-Board Debugger Note: For "Debug IN" to work, the kit board controller must be powered through the Debug USB connector. 9.3 Debugging During Battery Operation When the BGM121 is powered by battery and the J-Link USB is still connected, the on-board debug functionality is available. If the USB power is disconnected, the Debug IN mode will stop working. If debug access is required when the target is running off another energy source, such as a battery, and the board controller is powered down, the user should make direct connections to the GPIO used for debugging. This can be done by connecting to the appropriate pins of the breakout pads. Some Silicon Labs kits provide a dedicated pin header for this purpose. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 31 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Kit Configuration and Upgrades 10. Kit Configuration and Upgrades The kit configuration dialog in Simplicity Studio allows you to change the J-Link adapter debug mode, upgrade its firmware, and change other configuration settings. To download Simplicity Studio, go to http://www.silabs.com/simplicity. In the main window of the Simplicity Studio's Launcher perspective, the debug mode and firmware version of the selected J-Link adapter is shown. Click the [Change] link next to any of them to open the kit configuration dialog. Figure 10.1. Simplicity Studio Kit Information Figure 10.2. Kit Configuration Dialog 10.1 Firmware Upgrades Upgrading the kit firmware is done through Simplicity Studio. Simplicity Studio will automatically check for new updates on startup. You can also use the kit configuration dialog for manual upgrades. Click the [Browse] button in the [Update Adapter] section to select the correct file ending in .emz. Then, click the [Install Package] button. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 32 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Schematics, Assembly Drawings, and BOM 11. Schematics, Assembly Drawings, and BOM Schematics, assembly drawings, and bill of materials (BOM) are available through Simplicity Studio when the kit documentation package has been installed. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 33 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Mainboard Connectors 12. Mainboard Connectors BRD4302A contains two dual-row, female socket, 0.05" pitch polarized connectors (P/N: SFC-120-T2-L-D-A-K-TR) which provide the interface to the Wireless STK Mainboard. The Mainboard has the corresponding male header pin connectors (P/N: TFC-120-02-F-DLC-ND). 12.1 Mainboard Connector Pin Associations The figure below shows the pin mapping on the connector to the radio pins and their corresponding function on the Wireless STK Mainboard. P200 Upper Row 3V3 PF7 / P36 NC / P38 NC / P40 NC / P42 NC / P44 DBG_TDI_SWDIO / PF1 / F0 DBG_TDI_SWO / PF2 / F2 DBG_RESET / F4 VCOM_TX / PA0 / F6 VCOM_CTS / PA2 / F8 UIF_LED0 / PF4 / F10 UIF_BUTTON0 / PF6 / F12 DISP_ENABLE / PD15 / F14 DISP_SI / PC6 / F16 DISP_EXTCOMIN / PD13 / F18 PTI_DATA / PB12 / F20 USB_VBUS 5V Board ID SCL P201 Lower Row GND GND EXP3 / PA2 / P0 P37 / PD9 / SENSOR_ENABLE EXP5 / PA3 / P2 P39 / NC EXP7 / PD10 / P4 P41 / NC EXP9 / PD11 / P6 P43 / NC EXP11 / PD12 / P8 P45 / NC EXP13 / PF3 / P10 F1 / PF0 / DBG_TCK_SWCLK SENSOR_I2C_SCL / EXP15 / PC10 / P12 F3 / PF3 / DBG_TDI FLASH_SCS / PA4 / P14 F5 / PA5 / VCOM_ENABLE PA5 / P16 F7 / PA1 / VCOM_RX PB11 / P18 F9 / PA3 / VCOM_RTS PB12 / P20 F11 / PF5 / UIF_LED1 PB13 / P22 F13 / PF7 / UIF_BUTTON1 PF0 / P24 F15 / PC8 / DISP_SCLK PF1 / P26 F17 / PD14 / DISP_SCS PF2 / P28 F19 / PB13 / PTI_SYNC PF4 / P30 F21 / PB11 / PTI_CLK PF5 / P32 USB_VREG PF6 / P34 GND GND Board ID SDA VMCU_IN P1 / PC6 / EXP4 / FLASH_MOSI P3 / PC7 / EXP6 / FLASH_MISO P5 / PC8 / EXP8 / FLASH_SCLK P7 / PC9 / EXP10 P9 / PA0 / EXP12 P11 / PA1 / EXP14 P13 / PC11 / EXP16 / SENSOR_I2C_SDA P15 / NC P17 / NC P19 / NC P21 / NC P23 / NC P25 / NC P27 / NC P29 / NC P31 / PD13 P33 / PD14 P35 / PD15 VRF_IN Figure 12.1. Radio Board Connectors silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 34 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Mechanical Details 13. Mechanical Details 37.5 mm The mechanical layout of BRD4302A BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Radio Board is illustrated in the figures below. 40 mm 5 mm 24 mm Figure 13.1. BRD4302A Top View 20 mm Figure 13.2. BRD4302A Bottom View silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 35 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Radio Board Revision History and Errata 14. Radio Board Revision History and Errata 14.1 BRD4302A Revision History The Radio Board revision is printed on the backside of the board. Table 14.1. BRD4302A Revision History Radio Board Revision Release Date Description A04 22 August 2017 Updated BGM121 to module revision V2. A03 5 September 2016 Updated PCB revision to A03. A02 14 July 2016 Updated PCB revision to A02. A01 9 June 2016 Updated PCB revision to A01. Increased width to 40 mm. A00 8 April 2016 Initial version. 14.2 BRD4302A Errata Table 14.2. BRD4302A Errata Radio Board Revision Problem Description A00-A03 Missing pull-up on MX25R chip select. There is no external pull-up on the chip select signal for the MX25R serial flash. If the BGM121 enters EM4H/EM4S, the serial flash will exit its deep powerdown mode, and the board current consumption will be significantly higher than expected. A workaround is to enable EM4 GPIO retention on the BGM121 and configure the chip-select pin to be high. A00 Incorrect board revision marking The bottom side of the radio board is incorrectly marked "BRD4302 Rev PA03". silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 36 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Kit Revision History 15. Kit Revision History The kit revision can be found printed on the kit packaging label, as outlined in the figure below. Blue Gecko Module Wireless Starter Kit SLWSTK6101C 29-09-16 124802042 A00 Figure 15.1. Kit Label 15.1 SLWSTK6101C Revision history Kit Revision Released Description A01 23 August 2017 Updated BRD4302A from revision A03 to revision A04. A00 28 September 2016 Initial kit release, replaces SLWSTK6101B. Added BRD4302A BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Radio Board. Removed BRD4301A BGM113 Blue Gecko Module Radio Board. 15.2 SLWRB4302A Revision history Kit Revision Released Description A01 23 August 2017 Updated BRD4302A to revision A04, updating BGM121 to revision V2. A00 14 October 2016 Initial release with BRD4302A revision A03. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 37 UG234: BGM121 Blue Gecko SiP Module Wireless Starter Kit User's Guide Document Revision History 16. Document Revision History Revision 1.02 March 2018 • Added information about BRD4302A revision A04. • Added information about SLWSTK6101C revision A01. • Added information about SLWRB4302A revision A01. Revision 1.01 June 2017 • Added errata for missing pull-up on serial flash chip select. • Corrected I2C peripheral mapping on expansion header. • Corrected pin-out for SENSOR_ENABLE signal. Revision 1.00 October 2016 • Initial version. silabs.com | Building a more connected world. Rev. 1.02 | 38 Simplicity Studio One-click access to MCU and wireless tools, documentation, software, source code libraries & more. Available for Windows, Mac and Linux! IoT Portfolio www.silabs.com/IoT SW/HW www.silabs.com/simplicity Quality www.silabs.com/quality Support and Community community.silabs.com Disclaimer Silicon Labs intends to provide customers with the latest, accurate, and in-depth documentation of all peripherals and modules available for system and software implementers using or intending to use the Silicon Labs products. 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