Wave-2 Coax and
Phone Line Networking
Evaluation
Public User Guide
• www.maxlinear.com • 057-W2CPLHNUGPR01
Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Revision History
Revision History
Document No.
Release Date
Change Description
057-W2CPLHNUGPR01
October 18, 2018
Updated:
■
■
057-W2CPLHNPUGR00
March 29, 2018
New template applied.
Minor edits so that the document applies to home networking or industrial
applications.
Initial release.
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Wave-2 G.hn Networking Technology............................................................................................................... 2
Ordering Information.......................................................................................................................................... 4
Coaxial and Phone Line Adapter User Interface.............................................................................................. 6
Coaxial and Phone Line Network Setup ........................................................................................................... 9
Pairing ...........................................................................................................................................................................9
Configuring a Secure Coaxial and Phone Line Network ...............................................................................................9
Return to Default Pairing Settings Procedure................................................................................................................9
Factory Reset Procedure.............................................................................................................................................10
Laboratory Evaluation and Tests .................................................................................................................... 11
Evaluation Software Tool.............................................................................................................................................11
Network Performance Test..........................................................................................................................................11
Test 1: Performance in Coax "Home in a Box" ..................................................................................................11
Test 2: Dynamic Range Measurement in Flat Channel......................................................................................14
Test 3: Performance with Direct Coax Cables ...................................................................................................16
Test 4: RFC 2544 Throughput/Latency Test ......................................................................................................18
Power Mask and Notches Test....................................................................................................................................20
Point-to-Multipoint Traffic Test in Coax “Home In A Box’ ............................................................................................21
Point-to-Multipoint Traffic Test in Flat Channels..........................................................................................................23
Field Evaluation and Tests............................................................................................................................... 25
Planning a Field Test Campaign .................................................................................................................................25
Determining the Size of the Testing Campaign..................................................................................................26
Determine the Types of Homes..........................................................................................................................26
Selecting the Tests to Be Performed..................................................................................................................26
Selecting the Points to Be Tested ......................................................................................................................27
Collecting the Results.........................................................................................................................................27
Presenting the Results .......................................................................................................................................28
Appendix A: Safety Recommendations.......................................................................................................... 29
Avoiding Injuries ..........................................................................................................................................................29
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1: Wave-2 Coaxial and Phone Line Networking Ordering Information ....................................................... 4
Table 2: DCP962P and DCP962C Connectors and Button.................................................................................. 7
Table 3: DCP962C and DCP962P Connectors and Button.................................................................................. 8
Table 4: Link Quality Indicator Description ........................................................................................................... 8
Table 5: Secure Indicator Description................................................................................................................... 8
Table 6: CONFIG Button ...................................................................................................................................... 8
Table 7: Test Results Iperf Bidirectional Coax 200 MHz in “Home In a Box” ..................................................... 13
Table 8: Iperf UDP Bidirectional Coax and Phone 200 MHz in Flat Channel ..................................................... 15
Table 9: Test Results Iperf Bidirectional Coax 200 MHz with Different Type of Coax Cables............................ 17
Table 10: RFC 2544 PLR 0% Bidirectional Test Results for 20 dB Attenuation–Coax 200 MHz ....................... 19
Table 11: RFC 2544 PLR 0% Bidirectional Test Results for 20 dB Attenuation–Phone 200 MHz ..................... 19
Table 12: Results RFC 2889 Test PLR 0% Bidirectional for “Home In A Box” R1-R3-R5-R7 Outlets (POE Left
Open)–Coax 200 MHz ........................................................................................................................ 22
Table 13: Results RFC 2889 Test PLR 0% Bidirectional for “Home In A Box” POE-R1-R5-R7 Outlets–Coax 200
MHz..................................................................................................................................................... 22
Table 14: Results for Point to Three End Points Max UDP Bidirectional Throughput–Coax 200 MHz .............. 22
Table 15: Results for Point to Two End Points Bidirectional Test PLR 0% (RFC 2889)–Coax 200 MHz........... 24
Table 16: Results for Point to Two End Points Bidirectional Iperf Throughput – Coax 200 MHz ....................... 24
Table 17: Example of General Field Test Information ........................................................................................ 27
Table 18: Example of Outlet Description ............................................................................................................ 27
Table 19: Example of Outlets Description .......................................................................................................... 28
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
List of Figures
List of Figures
Figure 1: Wave-2 DCP962C Adapter Block Diagram ........................................................................................... 2
Figure 2: Wave-2 DCP962P Adapter Block Diagram ........................................................................................... 3
Figure 3: RD-HNCOAX2DCP962CKIT ................................................................................................................. 4
Figure 4: RD-HNPH2DCP962KIT-01.................................................................................................................... 5
Figure 5: Wave-2 DCP962C Coaxial Adapter ...................................................................................................... 5
Figure 6: Front Panel of the DCP962C Adapter ................................................................................................... 6
Figure 7: Front Panel of the DCP962P Adapter ................................................................................................... 6
Figure 8: Coax “Home In A Box” Test Bench ..................................................................................................... 11
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Introduction
Introduction
The scope of this document is to provide a guide for evaluating MaxLinear’s G.hn Wave-2 Coaxial and Phone Line
solutions for home networking or industrial applications. The features described and performance data within this
document are for guidance only, and they cannot be construed as any form of specification, guarantee, or contract between
MaxLinear and the evaluator.
This user guide helps engineers to evaluate coaxial and phone line networking solution feature set at technical level using
hardware and software tools provided in evaluation package, and to learn about the technology at the same time as
checking its real world performance.
Warning! The electrical safety of this Evaluation Kit (EVK) has not been fully evaluated against the requirements of the
EN 60950-1:2006 (IEC 60950-1:2005) standard and this EVK does not fulfill with all the relevant electrical safety requirements
stated in such standard.
Before continuing read carefully the “Appendix A: Safety Recommendations” on page 29.
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Wave-2 G.hn Networking Technology
Wave-2 G.hn Networking Technology
MaxLinear’s standard International Telecommunication Union (ITU) G.hn technology enables a complete wireline
transceiver for use over all existing cables: powerlines, coaxial cables, and phone lines.
The MaxLinear G.hn offering introduces the new Wave-2 Digital Baseband (DBB) processor family 88LX5152/88LX5153/
88LX5153A and new Analog Front End (AFE) 88LX2720/88LX2730/88LX2740/88LX2741 chipsets, Spirit 7.x firmware,
SDK/API, associated reference designs, and auxiliary software tools.
MaxLinear’s G.hn technology provides exceptional performance and industry-leading features, and it is intended for tripleplay service provider, industrial, and consumer applications. The new MaxLinear Wave-2 G.hn chipset provides a very
compact, flexible, and cost-effective solution, which includes several interfaces such as an RGMII and SGMII.
MaxLinear’s new 88LX5152/88LX5153/88LX5153A and 88LX2720/88LX2730/88LX2740/88LX2741 G.hn families support:
■
■
■
PHY bit rate of up to 2Gbps over phone line and coax line.
SISO 200 MHz profile for coaxial and 2-wire telephone lines.
Features such as:
Phone and powerline Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) 100 MHz profiles.
On-chip remote management support (TR-069).
Powerline Neighboring Networks Interference Mitigation (NDIM).
Optimized power consumption with power saving mode.
Flash
32Mbit
BPF
5-200MHz
Coupling
Unit
Tx
DAC 1
Rx
LEDs
&
Buttons
GPIOs
SPI2
ADC 2
88LX2730
AFE
HPF text
240MHz
DAC 2
88LX5153
DBB
RGMII
Gigabit
PHY
88E1510
RJ-45
+
Magnetics
ETH
Ethernet A
Coax Line
RF Cage
SGMII
SPI1
SFP Cage
FO
Cable
Ethernet B
TV
ADC 3
2.5V
5V
3.3V
1.5V
1.05V
LDO
Single
DC/DC
88PG852
DC Jack
9V-15V
Single
DC/DC
88PG852
Single
DC/DC
88PG852
Single DC/CD
TPS562201
Figure 1: Wave-2 DCP962C Adapter Block Diagram
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Wave-2 G.hn Networking Technology
Flash
32Mbit
Tx
DAC 1
Rx
Phone Line
88LX2730
AFE
RJ-45
Connector
HPF
2MHz
Coupling
Unit
LEDs
&
Buttons
GPIOs
SPI2
ADC 2
Tx
DAC 2
Rx
88LX5153
DBB
RGMII
Gigabit
PHY
88E1510
RJ-45
+
Magnetics
ETH
Ethernet A
Coupling
Unit
ADC 3
88LX2730
AFE
SGMII
SPI1
SFP Cage
FO
Cable
Ethernet B
HPF
2MHz
2.5V
5V
3.3V
1.5V
1.05V
LDO
Single
DC/DC
88PG852
DC Jack
9V-15V
Single
DC/DC
88PG852
Single
DC/DC
88PG852
Single DC/CD
TPS562201
Figure 2: Wave-2 DCP962P Adapter Block Diagram
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Ordering Information
Ordering Information
To evaluate MaxLinear’s G.hn Wave-2 phone line or coaxial networking technology, the following elements are required:
■
G.hn Wave-2 phone line or coaxial evaluation kit (DCP962P and DCP962Creference designs, using 88LX5153 and
88LX2730 chipset) with Spirit 7.x HN firmware loaded. Be aware that some multi-mode test cases require more than 1
kit.
■
■
This document: Wave-2 Coaxial and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide.
Spirit Configuration Tool (SCT) to configure adapters during testing.
Evaluation Kits (EVKs) are available for both coaxial and phone line networking applications. The EVKs include either one
or two adapters.
Table 1: Wave-2 Coaxial and Phone Line Networking Ordering Information
Part Number
Package Content
RD-HNCOAX2DCP962CKIT
Wave-2 Coax Networking Evaluation Kit with TWO (2) G.hn adapters (88LX5153 and 88LX2730
based) and accessories.
RD-HNPH2DCP962KIT-01
Wave-2 Phone Line Home Networking Evaluation Kit with TWO (2) G.hn adapters
(88LX5153 & 88LX2730 based) and accessories.
Figure 3: RD-HNCOAX2DCP962CKIT
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Ordering Information
Figure 4: RD-HNPH2DCP962KIT-01
Figure 5: Wave-2 DCP962C Coaxial Adapter
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Coaxial and Phone Line Adapter User Interface
Coaxial and Phone Line Adapter User Interface
The DCP962C and DCP962P reference designs provide the means for setting up a network based on either coax cabling
or phone line. They incorporates one CONFIG button and four LEDs that allow the user to configure a secure G.hn
network The main features provided by the DCP962C and DCP962P hardware user interface are listed below:
■
Pairing (One Button Security setup, OBUS): Automatic generation of a random Domain Name and Encryption
Password, used to guarantee network security, and exchanging of these parameters between adapters using a single
button push as defined by HomeGrid Forum for compliance and interoperability purposes.
■
■
■
Link Quality indicator: With a three-color LED, three different levels of link quality are shown in the receiver adapter.
Manual factory reset.
Unpairing: Return to default security settings.
.
Figure 6: Front Panel of the DCP962C Adapter
Figure 7: Front Panel of the DCP962P Adapter
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Coaxial and Phone Line Adapter User Interface
The following table lists the features that the DCP962C and DCP962P reference designs provide on the side panel.
.
Table 2: DCP962P and DCP962C Connectors and Button
Definition
CONFIG button
Icon
Function
Used to implement the following tasks:
Pairing
Return to default security settings
Factory Reset
■
■
■
POWER
Power connector for power supply provided in the EVK
ETHERNET
RJ-45 connector for Ethernet C-5E UTP cable provided in the EVK (RGMII of 88LX5153).
SFP
SFP cage provided in the EVK (SGMII of 88LX5153).
COAX
Coax F-type connector for coax cable provided in the Coaxial EVK.
EARTH
Earth connection.
PHONE LINE
RJ-45 connector for supporting MIMO and SISO Phone with TIA-568A pins mapping.
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Coaxial and Phone Line Adapter User Interface
The following table lists the function and behavior of the LEDs (available on the front panel) and the CONFIG button
(available on the side panel).
Table 3: DCP962C and DCP962P Connectors and Button
Definition
“CONFIG”
Icon
Function
Used to implement the following tasks:
■ One Button Security Setup (Pairing).
■ Return to default security settings (Unpairing).
■ Factory Reset.
button1
Link Quality1
Three-color LED indicating the application throughput level available in the G.hn link (throughput
indicator) and the power saving mode.
Ethernet1
LED indicates the link and traffic through Ethernet port..
Secure1
LED indicating whether the device has received/generated the network key (it belongs to a single
secure domain) or not.
1. See Figure 4 on page 5.
Table 4: Link Quality Indicator Description
Color
Adapter Status
Meaning
Off
ON
No G.hn link.
Red
ON
G.hn link is present and estimated application throughput < 20 Mbps
(configurable value).
Orange
ON
G.hn link is present and 20 Mbps (configurable) < estimated application
throughput < 40 Mbps (configurable).
Green
ON
G.hn link is present and estimated application throughput > 40 Mbps
(configurable).
Blinking (red, orange, or green)
ON
Tx/Rx activity in the G.hn port.
Blinking in red every 5s
POWER SAVING
When the adapter enters in power saving, this LED blinks once every 5s.
Table 5: Secure Indicator Description
“Secure” LED State
Meaning
Off
Device is not secure, it has neither received nor generated network keys (domain name and encryption
password).
On
Device is secure (it has either received or generated network keys).
Slow blinking
Device is in configuration mode (able to exchange network keys).
Quick blinking
Device is in return to default security settings mode (unpairing).
Three flashes
Device has received key from other secure device, and it has finished its configuration.
Table 6: CONFIG Button
Button
Meaning
CONFIG
■
■
■
Press more than 2s (Secure indicator starts slow blinking) and release: The pairing procedure is started and
configuration period is open.
Press more than 5s (Secure indicator starts quick blinking) and release: Security settings are set to default values.
Press more than 10s (Secure indicator switches off) and release: A factory reset is performed.
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Coaxial and Phone Line Network Setup
Coaxial and Phone Line Network Setup
Pairing
All MaxLinear G.hn adapters have the same not unique domain name and AES encryption password by default. As a
result, when they are plugged into the physical medium (PLC, coax, or phone line), a new network is created which
operates smoothly, but without a secure unique configuration.
Any nearby G.hn adapter (wanted or unwanted) with same common domain name and AES encryption password
connected to the same electrical grid becomes part of this G.hn network. MaxLinear recommends to configure a private
G.hn network (with a unique domain name and AES encryption password) to guarantee the security of every user’s
network.
Configuring a Secure Coaxial and Phone Line Network
Main steps of the pairing mechanism are listed below.
■
STEP 1
Press CONFIG button for 2s (until Secure LED starts slow blinking) to open a configuration period for 120s.
If a device does not detect any other device within the configuration period, it generates a random network
parameter key (domain name and encryption password) and Secure indicator remains ON.
■
STEP 2
Press CONFIG button for 2s (until Secure LED starts slow blinking) in an already secure device and in another
unsecured device to open both configuration periods.
■
STEP 3
Secure device sends the keys to the new device (configuration process is successful when its Secure indicator
flashes three times for 0.5s) and both belong to same secure and unique domain.
At this point both devices can communicate data, Secure LED remains ON in both adapters and their Link Quality
indicators show link quality between them.
Note: Any secure device (Secure indicator ON) can admit and exchange keys with an incoming unsecured device.
Return to Default Pairing Settings Procedure
The Return to Default Pairing Settings procedure forces a G.hn adapter to return to its default security settings. This
procedure only resets the following parameters (domain name and AES encryption password) and does not affect other
parameters such as (IP configuration, G.hn profile, notches, etc.).
Perform the following steps to do it:
1. Press “CONFIG” button for more than 5s (Secure indicator should start slow blinking and after 5s starts quick blinking).
Release the button.
2. At this time, the adapter resets its running security configuration to the default settings (unpaired).
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Factory Reset Procedure
Factory Reset Procedure
The Factory Reset procedure forces a G.hn adapter to return to its factory security settings. This procedure resets all
parameters stored in flash memory, including (IP configuration, G.hn profile, security settings, notches, log file, QoS,
Ethernet powers saving, etc).
Perform the following steps to do it.
1. Press CONFIG button (Secure indicator should start slow blinking and after 5s quick blinking) and DO NOT release it
until the Secure indicator switches OFF (it takes around 10s). Release the button.
2. After a few seconds the Link Quality indicator is also OFF.
3. At this time, the adapter resets its running configuration to factory default settings and auto-reboots
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Laboratory Evaluation and Tests
Laboratory Evaluation and Tests
The following evaluation tests apply for both coax and phone line G.hn profiles. The test descriptions and results use a
coax G.hn profile as a reference.
Evaluation Software Tool
The SCT is a Java software tool to help evaluators during their testing of G.hn adapters.
SCT enables reading and writing main configuration settings of MaxLinear G.hn adapters belonging to same logical
network and it is used for most of the evaluation tests introduced in this section.
For more information about installation and use of SCT refer to document Spirit Configuration Tool (SCT) Public User
Guide (052-SCTPUG).
Network Performance Test
Test 1: Performance in Coax "Home in a Box"
This test focuses on network performance. The evaluator can measure the variation of Ethernet, UDP throughput, and TCP
throughput of a pair of G.hn nodes, depending on the coax outlet of the “Home In a Box” they are connected to.
The “Home In a Box” is a test bench that emulates typical channel responses and attenuations of coax installations within a
home, using splitters and coax cables of different lengths as shown in the following figure.
Figure 8: Coax “Home In A Box” Test Bench
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Network Performance Test
It provides nine coax outlets:
■
■
One referred to as Point Of Entry (POE). It is the coax input into the house.
Eight coax outlets simulating each of the eight rooms.
Test Equipment
■
■
■
2 ˟ MaxLinear DCP962C adapters
A dedicated network performance analysis system such as Ixia
Alternatively, two PCs with either of the following software options can be used:
Iperf 2.0.5 software (a public domain freeware application), but the specific hardware and OS could limit the results.
For example, a Windows PC usually limits Iperf UDP performance as client, so Linux (or Mac OS) is recommended
for UDP performance tests, if possible.
The software is available from https://iperf.fr.
PCATTCP software (a public domain freeware application), which can be used on Linux, Mac OS, and Windows
PCs for both TCP and UDP measurements.
The software is available from http://www.pcausa.com/Utilities/pcattcp.htm.
■
■
■
■
SCT
“Home In a Box” setup as shown in Figure on page 11
1 ˟ F-type 100m coax cable
2 ˟ F-type 25cm coax cables
Test Methodology
To perform this test:
1. Select the G.hn COAX-200 MHz profile to be tested in the G.hn adapters using the SCT.
2. Select a couple of coax outlets (it could be between rooms or from POE to a room).
3. Run the corresponding Ixia tests that measure TCP throughput, UDP throughput, latency, frame loss, and jitter.
4. Alternatively, run Iperf as follows:
a. Perform a bidirectional TCP throughput test by typing the following in console window:
Server side (PC 1): iperf -s -w 32K
Client side (PC 2): iperf -c [Server IP] -w 32K -i 1 -t 60 –P 32 -d
b. Perform a Bidirectional UDP throughput test by typing the following:
Server side (PC 1): iperf -s -i 1 -u -w 512K
Client side (PC 2): iperf -c [Server IP] -i 1 -u -w 512K -t 60 -b X -d
where X is the injected bandwidth (in bps) for the application.
The value for X should be selected such that the loss% is close to 0, for example, X = 850M.
5. Alternatively, run PCATTCP as follows:
a. Perform a TCP throughput test by typing the following in a console window:
Server side (PC 1): PCATTCP.exe -r -c -f m -b 512000
Client side (PC 2): PCATTCP.exe -t -f m -u -n 300000
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Network Performance Test
b. Perform a UDP throughput test by typing:
Server side (PC 1): PCATTCP.exe -r -c -f m -u
Client side (PC 2): PCATTCP.exe -t -f m -u -n 300000
6. Optional: Write down the physical Tx and Rx throughput that you obtain using the SCT.
7. Repeat steps 3 to 6 choosing a different combination of coax outlets.
8. To evaluate an MDU coax scenario, add a 100m coax cable at POE, and connect one DCP962C device to the cable
input and the second DCP962C to a room outlet (for example, R8).
9. Repeat steps 3 to 6.
10. Write down the results in a table similar to the following table.
Table 7: Test Results Iperf Bidirectional Coax 200 MHz in “Home In a Box”
Coax Outlets Pair
TCP (Mbps)
UDP (Mbps)
R4 – R8
1371
1552.844
R6 – R8
1354
1542.085
POE – R8
1438
1639.187
100m coax cable connected to POE – R8
1424
1585.232
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Network Performance Test
Test 2: Dynamic Range Measurement in Flat Channel
This test concentrates on network performance. The evaluator can measure the variation of the following variables as a
function of attenuation.
■
■
■
Physical throughput
TCP throughput
UDP throughput
Test Equipment
■
■
■
2 ˟ MaxLinear DCP962Cadapters(or 2 ˟ MaxLinear DCP962P adapters)
A dedicated network performance analysis system such as Ixia or Spirent's Smartbits
Alternatively, use two PCs with one of the following software options:
Chariot SW from Ixia.
Iperf software (a public domain application that can be downloaded for free), but the specific hardware and
operating system could place a limitation on the results. I.e., Windows PC usually limits iperf UDP performance as
client, so Linux (or Mac OS)is recommended for UDP performance tests when possible.
PCATTCP software (a public domain application that can be downloaded for free) which can be used on Linux and
Windows PCs for both TCP and UDP measurements. It is available at http://www.pcausa.com/Utilities/pcattcp.htm.
■
■
SCT
Combined 75Ω F-fixed attenuators (or phone attenuators)1 ˟ F-type coax cable (or phone cable)
Test Methodology
To perform this test, follow the steps below.
1. Select the G.hn COAX-200 MHz and configure it by using SCT.
2. Set an attenuation of 0 dB between the adapters.
3. Run the corresponding Ixia tests that measure TCP throughput, UDP throughput, latency, frame lost, and jitter.
4. Alternatively, run Iperf as follows below.
a. Perform a TCP throughput test typing the following in a console window:
Server side (PC1): iperf –s –w 32K
Client side (PC2):iperf –c [Server IP] –w 32K –i 1 –t 60 –P 32-d
b. Perform a UDP throughput by typing:
Server side (PC1): iperf -s –i 1 –u –w 512K
Client side (PC2): iperf -c [Server IP] -i 1 –u –w 512K -t 60 -b X-d
where X is the injected bandwidth (in bps) for the application. Select an X value around 850M.
5. Alternatively, run PCATTCP as follows:
a. Perform a TCP throughput test typing the following commands in a console window:
Server side (PC1): PCATTCP.exe -r –c -f m -b 512000
Client side (PC2): PCATTCP.exe -t -f m –u -n 300000
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Network Performance Test
b. Perform a UDP throughput test by typing:
Server side (PC1): PCATTCP.exe -r –c –f m –u
Client side (PC2): PCATTCP.exe -t -f m –u -n 300000
6. Optional: Write down the transmission and reception physical throughput obtained using SCT.
7. Repeat steps 3 to 6 increasing the attenuation value by 5 dB until achieved throughput is near to 0.
8. Write down the results in a table similar to following table.
Note: The following results were obtained using Spirit 7.6 HN GA version (SPIRIT.v7_6_r548+8) loaded.
.
Table 8: Iperf UDP Bidirectional Coax and Phone 200 MHz in Flat Channel
Attenuation
Mbps DCP962P (Phone)
Mbps DCP962C (Coax)
0 dB
1497
1643
5 dB
1496
1637
10 dB
1495
1619
15 dB
1498
1618
20 dB
1497
1631
25 dB
1496
1635
30 dB
1497
1623
35 dB
1492
1583
40 dB
1179
1500
45 dB
1147
1374
50 dB
957
1169
55 dB
728
928
60 dB
541
704
65 dB
541
507
70 dB
347
313
75 dB
152
129
80 dB
7
14
Note: Channels with flat attenuation do not occur in the field. This test has been done only to get a dynamic range of
solutions, but does not consider low pass effects with the frequency of real cables, which means higher attenuation in
higher frequencies. Therefore, for benchmarking baseband versus RF coaxial technologies, either “Home In a Box”,
direct long coax cables, or real coax/phone installations should be used for true comparison.
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Network Performance Test
Test 3: Performance with Direct Coax Cables
This test focuses on network performance. The evaluator can measure the variation of Ethernet, UDP throughput, and TCP
throughput of a pair of G.hn nodes, depending on length and type of the coax (or phone) cable they are connected to.
Test Equipment
■
■
■
2 ˟ MaxLinear DCP962C adapters
A dedicated network performance analysis system such as Ixia
Alternatively, two PCs with either of the following software options can be used:
Iperf 2.0. 5 software (a public domain freeware application), but the specific hardware and OS could limit the
results. For example, a Windows PC usually limits Iperf UDP performance as client, so Linux (or Mac OS) is
recommended for UDP performance tests, if possible.
The software is available from https://iperf.fr.
PCATTCP software (a public domain freeware application), which can be used on Linux, Mac OS and Windows
PCs for both TCP and UDP measurements. The software is available from
http://www.pcausa.com/Utilities/pcattcp.htm.
■
■
SCT
Different coax (or phone) length cables (100m, 200m, 300m, etc.)
Test Methodology
To perform this test:
1. Select the G.hn COAX-200 MHz profile to be tested in the G.hn adapters using the SCT.
2. Connect each G.hn node to one input of a coax cable (for example, RG-59 100m or RG-6 300m)
3. Run the corresponding Ixia tests that measure TCP throughput, UDP throughput, latency, frame loss, and jitter.
4. Alternatively, run Iperf as follows:
a. Perform a bidirectional TCP throughput test by typing the following in console window:
Server side (PC 1): iperf -s -w 32K
Client side (PC 2): iperf -c [Server IP] -w 32K -i 1 -t 60 –P 32 -d
b. Perform a Bidirectional UDP throughput test by typing the following:
Server side (PC 1): iperf -s -i 1 -u -w 512K
Client side (PC 2): iperf -c [Server IP] -i 1 -u -w 512K -t 60 -b X -d
where X is the injected bandwidth (in bps) for the application.
The value for X should be selected such that the loss % is close to 0, for example, X = 850M.
5. Alternatively, run PCATTCP as follows:
a. Perform a TCP throughput test by typing the following in a console window:
Server side (PC 1): PCATTCP.exe -r -c -f m -b 512000
Client side (PC 2): PCATTCP.exe -t -f m -u -n 300000
b. Perform a UDP throughput test by typing:
Server side (PC 1): PCATTCP.exe -r -c -f m -u
Client side (PC 2): PCATTCP.exe -t -f m -u -n 300000
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Network Performance Test
6. Optional: Write down the physical Tx and Rx throughput that you obtain using the SCT.
7. Repeat steps 3 to 6 choosing different cables (length and type).
8. Write down the results in a table similar to the following table.
.
Table 9: Test Results Iperf Bidirectional Coax 200 MHz with Different Type of Coax Cables
Coax Cable
PHY Rate (Mbps)
TCP (Mbps)
UDP (Mbps)
100m RG-59
1864
1469
1625
300m RG-6
1854
1440
1612
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Network Performance Test
Test 4: RFC 2544 Throughput/Latency Test
The RFC 2544 methodology, established by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), is the de-facto methodology that
outlines the tests required to measure and prove performance criteria for carrier Ethernet networks. The standard provides
an out-of-service benchmarking methodology to evaluate the performance of network devices using throughput, frame
loss, and latency tests.
The methodology defines the frame size, test duration, and number of test iterations. Once completed, these tests provide
performance metrics of the Ethernet network under test.
To ensure that an Ethernet network is capable of supporting a variety of services (such as VoIP or video), the RFC 2544
test suite supports seven pre-defined frame sizes (64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1280, and 1518 bytes) to simulate various
traffic conditions. Small frame sizes increase the number of frames transmitted, thereby stressing the network device as it
must switch a large number of frames.
The test starts by sending frames at the specified rate (usually the maximum theoretical rate of the port), while the frame
loss is monitored. Frames are sent from and received at all the ports on the device under test, and the Tx and Rx rates are
recorded. A binary, step, or combo search algorithm is used to identify the maximum rate at which no frame loss is
experienced.
The latency test determines the latency of the device under test. In the latency test, frames are transmitted for a fixed
duration. Rx ports compute the latency values for every frame in the test by comparing the Tx timestamp with the Rx
timestamp. The difference between the two timestamps is the latency. This quick test provides the statistical results:
Average latency, minimum latency, and maximum latency.
Test Equipment
■
■
■
■
■
2 ˟ MaxLinear DCP962C adapters (or 2 ˟ MaxLinear DCP962P adapters)
A dedicated network performance analysis system such as Ixia or Spirent's Smartbits
SCT
20 dB F-type coax attenuators
1 ˟ F-type coax cables
See below for test setup diagram.
Test Methodology
To perform this test:
1. Set a fixed attenuation of 20 dB between the G.hn modems.
2. Select the G.hn COAX-200 MHz profile to be tested in the G.hn adapters using the SCT.
3. Run the RFC 2544 throughput/latency unidirectional test in Ixia IxNetwork (it takes several hours to be completed).
4. Write down the final results in a table similar to the example shown in the following tables.
5. Repeat test with 2 DCP962P and 20 dB attenuation.
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Network Performance Test
Table 10: RFC 2544 PLR 0% Bidirectional Test Results for 20 dB Attenuation–Coax 200 MHz
Frame Size (Bytes)
Passed Rate (Mbps) for PLR 0%
Min Latency (μs)
Max Latency (μs)
64
1275.986
110.24
12747.78
128
1599.833
111.80
8308.76
256
1669.322
116.56
12333.80
512
1684.073
120.10
10573.86
1024
1716.319
120.54
12421.14
1280
1722.873
132.90
12317.32
1500
1726.99
132.78
12602.18
Table 11: RFC 2544 PLR 0% Bidirectional Test Results for 20 dB Attenuation–Phone 200 MHz
Frame Size (Bytes)
Passed Rate (Mbps) for PLR 0%
Min Latency (μs)
Max Latency (μs)
64
1294.99
184.40
11605.78
128
1448.381
180.46
12511.46
256
1483.868
177.30
13661.90
512
1515.598
184.82
12369.54
1024
1544.607
201.08
13156.90
1280
1550.473
197.28
12080.20
1500
1529.663
215.90
12373.94
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Power Mask and Notches Test
Power Mask and Notches Test
This test intends to check the frequency notching feature. With this test check the effects on the injected signal when the
notches are added or removed and how to use Power Mask and Notches options in SCT.
Test Equipment
■
■
1 ˟ MaxLinear DCP962C adapter (or DCP962P adapter)
SCT
The following figure shows a test setup diagram using mentioned test equipment.
Test Methodology
To perform this test, follow the steps below.
1. Launch the SCT.
2. Discover the G.hn network.
3. Choose G.hn COAX-200 MHz or PHONE 200 MHz profile to be tested and configure it by using SCT.
4. Go to Notches tab of the G.hn adapter. Refresh measurement.
5. See default notches defined by G.hn enabled in selected profile band.
6. In the SCT, select Notches Menu > Network > Configure Notches tab to add or remove some USER notches. You
can select up to 10 user notches starting from 1-10).
7. Refresh the Notches tab and notice new notches appearing in graph.
Leave only default notches profile removing extra notches before continuing with next tests.
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User GuidePoint-to-Multipoint Traffic Test in Coax “Home In A
Point-to-Multipoint Traffic Test in Coax “Home In A Box’
This test focuses on network performance in point-to-multipoint scenarios. The variation of the following variables is
measured in a coax “Home In A Box” with four G.hn adapters in different rooms (see Figure on page 11):
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
Physical throughput
TCP throughput
UDP throughput
Latency
Jitter
Frame loss
Test Equipment
4 ˟ MaxLinear DCP962C adapters
A dedicated network performance analysis system such as Ixia IxNetworks or Spirent's Smartbits.
Alternatively, four PCs with Iperf 2.0.x can be used.
1 GbE switch (if using PCs)
SCT
Combined fixed attenuators
4 ˟ F-type coax cable
“Home in a Box”
Test Methodology
To perform this test:
1. Connect four DCP962C to coax outlets in different rooms.
2. Run the corresponding Ixia IxNetworks tests (RFC 2889) that measure UDP throughput, latency, frame loss, and jitter.
3. Alternatively, run Iperf as follows: G.hn D G.hn A, G.hn C G.hn A, and G.hn B G.hn A, that is, PC 2 to PC 1, PC
3 to PC 1, and PC 4 to PC 1.
a. Perform a TCP throughput test by typing the following in a console window:
Server side (PC 1):
iperf -s -w 512K –p
iperf -s -w 512K –p
iperf -s -w 512K –p
Client side (PC 2, PC 3, PC 4):
iperf -c [Server IP] -w 512K -i 1 -t 60 -P 5 –p
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Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User GuidePoint-to-Multipoint Traffic Test in Coax “Home In A
b. To test UDP throughput and jitter, type the following:
Server side (PC 1):
iperf -s -i 1 -u -w 512K –p
iperf -s -i 1 -u -w 512K –p
iperf -s -i 1 -u -w 512K –p
Client side (PC 2, PC 3, PC 4):
iperf -c [Server IP] -i 1 -u -w 512K -t 60 -b X –p
where X is the injected bandwidth (in bps) for the application.
The value for X should be selected such that the loss % isclose to 0, for example, X = 600M.
4. Repeat steps 1 to 2 for the different room coax outlets.
Table 12: Results RFC 2889 Test PLR 0% Bidirectional for “Home In A Box” R1-R3-R5-R7 Outlets (POE Left
Open)–Coax 200 MHz
Frame Length
UDP Throughput Aggregated
(Mbps)
Average Delay Variation
(μs)
Maximum Latency
(μs)
Frame Loss
74
1268.366
10.228
21209
0
128
1340.406
15.949
20182
0
256
1437.511
29.727
22840
0
512
1491.504
57.238
30084
0
1024
1498.632
113.850
24641
0
1280
1418.327
151.020
18300
0
1518
1508.027
167.304
26681
0
Table 13: Results RFC 2889 Test PLR 0% Bidirectional for “Home In A Box” POE-R1-R5-R7 Outlets–Coax 200 MHz
Frame Length
UDP Throughput Aggregated
(Mbps)
Average Delay Variation
(μs)
Maximum Latency (μs) Frame Loss
74
1031.644
12.993
28212
0
128
1083.499
20.227
27059
0
256
1161.908
37.628
27661
0
512
1205.832
72.383
36032
0
1024
1227.437
141.415
41181
0
1280
1233.586
175.637
34100
0
1518
1256.382
204.311
45331
0
Table 14: Results for Point to Three End Points Max UDP Bidirectional Throughput–Coax 200 MHz
Coax Outlets
UDP Throughput Aggregated (Mbps)
R1 – R3 – R5 – R7
1583
POE – R1 – R5 – R7
1405
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Point-to-Multipoint Traffic Test in Flat Channels
Point-to-Multipoint Traffic Test in Flat Channels
This test concentrates on network performance in point to multipoint scenarios. As such, the variation of the following
variables is measured as a function of attenuation for networks with three (or more) G.hn devices.
■
■
■
■
■
■
Physical throughput
TCP throughput
UDP throughput
Latency
Jitter
Frame Lost
Test Equipment
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
≥ 3 ˟ MaxLinear DCP962C adapters
A dedicated network performance analysis system such as Ixia or Spirent's Smartbits.
Alternatively, use three PCs with Chariot or Iperf software.
SCT
Combined fixed attenuators
3 ˟ F-type coax cables
1 ˟ F-type T-junction or F-type splitter
Test Methodology
To perform this test:
1. Set all attenuators to 20 dB between the modems.
2. Write down the physical Tx and Rx throughput that you obtain using the SCT.
3. Run the corresponding Ixia IxNetworks tests (RFC 2889) that measure Bidirectional UDP throughput, latency, frame
loss, and jitter for 1518 bytes packet length.
4. Alternatively, run Iperf as follows: G.hn C G.hn A and G.hn B G.hn A, that is, PC 2 to PC 1 and PC 3 to PC 1.
a. Perform a TCP throughput test by typing the following in a console window:
Server side (PC 1):
iperf -s -w 512K –p and iperf -s -w 512K –p
Client side (PC 2, PC 3):
iperf -c [Server IP] -w 512K -i 1 -t 60 –d –p
b. To test UDP throughput and jitter type the following:
Server side (PC 1):
iperf -s -i 1 -u -w 512K –p
iperf -s -i 1 -u -w 512K –p
Client side (PC 2, PC 3):
iperf -c [Server IP] -i 1 -u -w 512K -t 60 –d -b X –p
where X is the injected bandwidth (in bps) for the application.
The value for X should be selected such that the loss% is close to 0, for example, X = 850M.
5. Repeat steps 1 to 3 for different attenuations in node generating traffic flows (for instance, set Att1=Att2=Att3=40 dB).
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Point-to-Multipoint Traffic Test in Flat Channels
.
Table 15: Results for Point to Two End Points Bidirectional Test PLR 0% (RFC 2889)–Coax 200 MHz
Attenuation
Delay
UDP Throughput Aggregated (Mbps) Average
Variation (μs)
Maximum Latency
(μs)
Frame Loss
20 dB
1461.93
49.52
8900.82
0
40 dB
1253.75
61.92
12782.06
0
60 dB
483.44
178.47
15397.78
0
Table 16: Results for Point to Two End Points Bidirectional Iperf Throughput – Coax 200 MHz
Attenuation
Physical Throughput (Mbps)
TCP Throughput Aggregated (Mbps)
20 dB
1935
1473
40 dB
1639
1272
60 dB
460
372.7
Note: Channels with flat attenuation do not occur in the field. This test has been done only to get a dynamic range of
solutions, but does not consider low pass effects with the frequency of real cables, which means higher attenuation in
higher frequencies. Therefore, for benchmarking baseband versus RF coaxial technologies, either “Home In a Box”,
direct long coax cables, or real coax installations should be used for true comparison.
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Field Evaluation and Tests
Field Evaluation and Tests
Field evaluation is the process of testing a G.hn technology in a real world environment. The main differences between
evaluating G.hn in the field and in the laboratory are listed below.
■
■
■
The field environment is more difficult to control than the lab environment.
■
The field test environment can have a wide variety of interfering devices, which might affect the performance of
equipment.
■
The field environment has attenuation profiles depending on the frequency.
The results of a particular field test may be more difficult to reproduce than those of a lab test.
The signal environment in a field test is dynamic and the characteristics of the communication channel change along
the time.
The results achieved in a field environment could be affected by a wide range of variables; the key elements are listed
below.
■
■
The size of the home where the tests are being performed.
■
■
■
■
Ground presence in the house.
The way in which electricity is distributed: a single phase in all outlets or whether there are multiple phases going to
different outlets in the home.
The electrical layout of the home in terms of the locations of electrical distribution.
The age of the home and the type of electrical cabling used.
The range of interfering devices connected to the electrical network.
Planning a Field Test Campaign
Despite the fact that the field environment is far more variable than the laboratory environment, it is possible to improve the
quality of the test campaign by following an appropriate procedure.
The suggested steps to be performed when executing a field test campaign are listed below.
1. Determine the size of the testing campaign, resources and equipment required.
2. Determine the types of homes which is used in the campaign.
3. Select the tests to be performed.
4. Select G.hn profiles to be tested
5. Select the power points in each home to be tested (typical outlet where an IPTV service would be installed, for instance
near the TV, in the home office, etc.).
6. Collect results.
7. Collate and present results.
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Planning a Field Test Campaign
Determining the Size of the Testing Campaign
Correct dimensioning of the test campaign beforehand is greatly help in ensuring the correct planning of the process. A
field test in a single home usually takes a few hours performing typical throughput tests and depending on the number of
chosen outlet combinations.
To get a more complete view of the capabilities of the technologies, the results of several homes can be compiled.
Increasing the sample size can improve the statistical confidence in results.
The basic equipment required to undertake the campaign is listed below.
■
■
Two G.hn adapters (DCP962C or DCP962P adapters)
■
Testing software (iperf, Chariot or similar).
Laptop PCs, enough powerful to support throughputs close to 1Gbps in TCP and UDP, more than 1.5Gbps
bidirectional.
In case of ISP operators it is also recommended to use real IPTV service in the evaluation interconnecting home gateway
and STBs through adapters as they are used in real deployments.
Determine the Types of Homes
Home types vary greatly according to geographical area, demographic groups and a wide range of other factors. The
home-wide performance of powerline products is therefore a function of all of these variables. When selecting homes for a
field trial campaign it is important that the homes selected are representative for the target market to use the technology.
For example, the homes selected for a product targeted at IPTV for the Asian market is radically different from those
chosen for a high-end home networking product for the US market.
To summarize, homes should be selected to provide a representative sample of the following variables for the chosen
application, market, and geographical area.
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
Floor area
Construction type (single tenant unit or apartment building)
Number of floors
Age
Electrical layout (three phases or single phase) and ground presence
Selected outlets description
Rooms in the house
Selecting the Tests to Be Performed
Depending on the target application, and the resources available, any of the tests mentioned in the previous sections can
be done in the field environment in a similar way. Typically, TCP and/or UDP throughput, latency, jitter and frame lost
measurements are some examples commonly chosen, as well as testing real services with which the technology are used
(for instance, IPTV service, HD streaming from video server to video player,…).
Note: A very important point in case of performing benchmarking of different technologies is to do a test in one location
for each technology almost at the same moment to avoid that the evolution of the communication channel along time
affect the results. For example, execute test X for technology A in a outlet combination and after it finishes execute
same test X for technology B in same outlet combination, same for C, and so on. After that, going to next outlet
combination and repeat the process.
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Planning a Field Test Campaign
Selecting the Points to Be Tested
The time required to perform tests and collate results can be reduced, using the fact that results can be treated statistically.
So even with a subset of results it is possible to interpolate the results for any home.
In the field, the electrical layout of the home in terms of wire length, type, and layout, is very seldom available. For this
reason, field tests are generally aimed at assessing the statistical probability of achieving a particular performance between
random outlet pairs, or between outlet pairs in random rooms. The number of measurements that can be made is therefore
proportional to the square of the number of outlet pairs selected.
For example, if there are seven outlets selected for testing PHY speed, there are 21 connections between outlets, each of
which produces a different result depending on whether the transmission or reception path is tested giving a total of 42
combinations. The recommended number of outlets for testing is three to five per home, for instance the typical ones in
which final users usually plug the G.hn adapters.
For the correct collation of results in any statistical experiment, a proper random sample selection process is necessary,
and for G.hn field tests there are two possibilities:
■
Randomly select a number of outlets in the home: This technique provides the inter-outlet performance of the
technology.
■
Randomly select a outlet in each room of the home: This technique provides the inter-room performance of the
technology.
Collecting the Results
Test results can be collected for each pair, performing the relevant throughput tests. Below some tables are presented that
could be used as a model for evaluator’s tests.
Table 17: Example of General Field Test Information
Test Parameters
Date test performed
Home tested
Modem “A” MAC Address, firmware loaded and reference design
Modem “B” MAC Address, firmware loaded and reference design
Home floor area (m2)
Electrical phase distribution
Ground presence
Building type
Country and city
Age (years)
Number of floors
Rooms in the house
Table 18: Example of Outlet Description
Outlet No
1
2
3
4
5
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Planning a Field Test Campaign
Table 19: Example of Outlets Description
Frame Lost
Jitter
Latency
UDP Throughput
TCP Throughput
Physical Throughput
Frame Lost
Jitter
Latency
UDP Throughput
TCP Throughput
Receive
Physical Throughput
Outlet Pair
Transmit
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5
2-3
2-4
2-5
3-4
3-5
4-5
Presenting the Results
Taking throughput or other performance field measurements (both for Rx and TX paths) and ordering the results, it is
possible to present them graphically and interpret the results statistically, for example in a histogram graph. Drawing a line
at any particular point, it is possible to see the percentage of outlet -pairs which achieve a particular minimum performance.
For example, it can be seen in a graph that x% of outlet pairs achieves a UDP data rate ofY Mbps data rate.
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Coaxial and Phone Line Wave-2 Coax and Phone Line Networking Evaluation Public User Guide
Disclaimer
Appendix A: Safety Recommendations
To protect yourself from injuries and avoid damage of the device, always observe the following safety instructions when
installing and working with the EVK.
Warning! The electrical safety of this EVK has not been fully evaluated against the requirements of the EN 60950-1:2006
(IEC 60950-1:2005) standard and this EVK does not fulfill with all the relevant electrical safety requirements stated in such
standard.
Avoiding Injuries
Warning!
–
–
–
Electrical current!
Electrical current from power and communications cables can be hazardous.
Never touch any electrical elements with bare hands
To avoid potential shock hazards:
■
■
■
■
■
■
Do not remove the enclosure with the adapter plugged to mains.
Do not manipulate the circuits and/or components with enclosure removed and adapter powered.
Do not touch any component from the boards when it is plugged into the mains.
Do not carry out any installation, maintenance, or (re)configuration work during a thunderstorm.
Do not connect or disconnect any power cables during a thunderstorm.
For installation in a hot-plug system, observe the safety instructions specific to this system.
Read the relevant documentation.
MaxLinear, Inc.
5966 La Place Court, Suite 100
Carlsbad, CA 92008
760.692.0711 p.
760.444.8598 f.
www.maxlinear.com
The content of this document is furnished for informational use only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by
MaxLinear, Inc. MaxLinear, Inc. assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in the informational content contained in this
guide. Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user. Without limiting the rights under copyright, no part of this document may be
reproduced into, stored in, or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise), or for any purpose, without the express written permission of MaxLinear, Inc.
Maxlinear, Inc. does not recommend the use of any of its products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of the product can reasonably be
expected to cause failure of the life support system or to significantly affect its safety or effectiveness. Products are not authorized for use in such applications unless
MaxLinear, Inc. receives, in writing, assurances to its satisfaction that: (a) the risk of injury or damage has been minimized; (b) the user assumes all such risks; (c)
potential liability of MaxLinear, Inc. is adequately protected under the circumstances.
MaxLinear, Inc. may have patents, patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document. Except
as expressly provided in any written license agreement from MaxLinear, Inc., the furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents,
trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property.
MaxLinear, the MaxLinear logo, and any MaxLinear trademarks, MxL, Full-Spectrum Capture, FSC, G.now, AirPHY and the MaxLinear logo are all on the products
sold, are all trademarks of MaxLinear, Inc. or one of MaxLinear’s subsidiaries in the U.S.A. and other countries. All rights reserved. Other company trademarks and
product names appearing herein are the property of their respective owners.
© 2018 MaxLinear, Inc. All rights reserved.
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