LCX019AM

LCX019AM 3.4cm (1.32-inch) LCD Panel (with microlens) For the availability of this product, please contact the sales office. Description The LCX019AM is a 3.4cm diagonal active matrix TFT-LCD panel addressed by polycrystalline silicon super thin film transistors with built-in peripheral driving circuit. This panel allows full-color representation without color filters through the use of a microlens. This panel has an aspect ratio of 4:3 and supports NTSC/PAL display. This panel has a polysilicon TFT high-speed scanner and built-in function to display images up/down and/or right/left inverse. The built-in 5V interface circuit leads to lower voltage of timing and control signals. Features • The number of active dots: 576,000 (1.32-inch; 3.4cm in diagonal) • Horizontal resolution: 600TV lines • Effective aperture ratio: 70% (reference value) • High contrast ratio with normally white mode: 200 (typ.) • Built-in H and V drivers (built-in input level conversion circuit, 5V driving possible) • Supports NTSC (PAL mode also available through conversion of scanned dot numbers by an external IC) • Up/down and/or right/left inverse display function Element Structure • Dots: 1199.5 (H) × 480 (V) = 575,760 • Built-in peripheral driver using polycrystalline silicon super thin film transistors. Applications Liquid crystal projectors, etc. Sony reserves the right to change products and specifications without prior notice. This information does not convey any license by any implication or otherwise under any patents or other right. Application circuits shown, if any, are typical examples illustrating the operation of the devices. Sony cannot assume responsibility for any problems arising out of the use of these circuits. –1– E97106A94-PS Block Diagram Mode Controller PSIG HST HCK1 HCK2 N.C. RGT VST VCK PCG DWN ENB Bi-directional V Driver Level Shifter 3 14 15 16 12 13 20 19 22 21 18 Precharge Controller 10 11 23 17 Bi-directional H Driver –2– VCOM AVDD HVDD VVDD VSS 2 9 8 7 6 5 4 VSSG SIG6 (B2) SIG5 (R2) SIG4 (G2) SIG3 (B1) SIG2 (R1) SIG1 (G1) Bi-directional V Driver 1 COM LCX019AM LCX019AM Absolute Maximum Ratings (VSS = 0V) • H driver supply voltage HVDD • V driver supply voltage VVDD • Analog block drive supply voltage AVDD • Common pad voltage COM • H shift register input pin voltage HST, HCK1, HCK2 RGT • V shift register input pin voltage VST, VCK, PCG ENB, DWN • Video signal input pin voltage SIG1, SIG2, SIG3, SIG4 SIG5, SIG6, PSIG • Operating temperature Topr • Storage temperature Tstg –1.0 to +20 –1.0 to +20 –1.0 to +20 –1.0 to +17 –1.0 to +17 –1.0 to +17 –1.0 to +15 –10 to +70 –30 to +85 V V V V V V V °C °C Operating Conditions (VSS = 0V) • Supply voltage HVDD 13.5 ± 0.3 V V VVDD 13.5 ± 0.3 AVDD 15.5 ± 0.3 V • Input pulse voltage (Vp-p of all input pins except video signal and side black signal input pins) Vin 5.0 ± 0.5 V Pin Description Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Symbol COM VSSG PSIG Description Common voltage of panel Analog block GND Improvement pulse for uniformity Pin No. 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 –3– Symbol RGT HST HCK1 HCK2 VSS ENB VCK VST DWN PCG VVDD TEST Description Drive direction pulse for H shift register (H: normal, L: reverse) Start pulse for H shift register drive Clock pulse for H shift register drive Clock pulse for H shift register drive GND (H, V drivers) Enable pulse for gate selection Clock pulse for V shift register drive Start pulse for V shift register drive Drive direction pulse for V shift register (H: normal, L: reverse) Improvement pulse (2) for uniformity Power supply for V driver Test; Open SIG1 (G1) Video signal 1 (G) to panel SIG2 (R1) Video signal 2 (R) to panel SIG3 (B1) Video signal 3 (B) to panel SIG4 (G2) Video signal 4 (G) to panel SIG5 (R2) Video signal 5 (R) to panel SIG6 (B2) AVDD HVDD N.C. Video signal 6 (B) to panel Analog block power supply Power supply for H driver LCX019AM Input Equivalent Circuit To prevent static charges, protective diodes are provided for each pin except the power supply. In addition, protective resistors are added to all pins except video signal input. All pins are connected to VSS with a high resistance of 1MΩ (typ.). The equivalent circuit of each input pin is shown below: (The resistor value: typ.) (1) SIG1, SIG2, SIG3, SIG4, SIG5, SIG6, PSIG HVDD Input 1MΩ VSS VSS Signal line (2) HCK1, HCK2 HVDD 250Ω Input 250Ω 250Ω 250Ω 1MΩ VSS 1MΩ Level conversion circuit (2-phase input) (3) RGT HVDD 2.5kΩ Input 1MΩ VSS 2.5kΩ Level conversion circuit (single-phase input) (4) HST HVDD 250Ω Input 1MΩ VSS 250Ω Level conversion circuit (single-phase input) (5) PCG, VCK VVDD 250Ω Input 1MΩ VSS 250Ω Level conversion circuit (single-phase input) (6) VST, ENB, DWN VVDD 2.5kΩ Input 1MΩ VSS 2.5kΩ Level conversion circuit (single-phase input) (7) COM VVDD Input 1MΩ LC VSS –4– LCX019AM Input Signals 1. Input signal voltage conditions Item H driver input voltage RGT, HST, HCK1, HCK2 V driver input voltage ENB, VCK, PCG, VST, DWN (Low) (High) (Low) (High) Symbol VHIL VHIH VVIL VVIH VVC Vsig Min. –0.5 4.5 –0.5 4.5 6.8 VVC – 4.5 Typ. 0.0 5.0 0.0 5.0 7.0 — VVC – 0.2 VVC ± 3.5 (Vss = 0V) Max. 0.3 5.5 0.3 5.5 7.2 VVC + 4.5 VVC – 0.1 VVC ± 3.6 Unit V V V V V V V V Video signal center voltage Video signal input range∗1 (SIG1 to 6) Common voltage of panel∗2 Uniformity improvement signal input (PSIG)∗3 Vcom VVC – 0.3 Vpsig VVC ± 3.4 ∗1 Video input signal shall be symmetrical to VVC. ∗2 Common voltage of the panel shall be adjusted to VVC – 0.2 V. ∗3 The uniformity improvement signal PSIG shall be input with the same polarity as video signals SIG1 to 6 and symmetrically with respect to VVC. Also, the PSIG rise and fall shall be synchronized with the PCG pulse rise and the time between the rise trPSIG and fall tfPSIG shall be kept to 800ns or less. (See the figure below.) Uniformity Improvement Signal PSIG Input Waveform 90% PSIG VVC 10% trPSIG tfPSIG PCG Level Conversion Circuit The LCX019AM has a built-in level conversion circuit in the clock input unit on the panel. The input signal level increases to HVDD or VVDD. The VCC of external ICs are applicable to 5 ± 0.5V. –5– LCX019AM 2. Clock timing conditions Item Hst rise time HST Hst fall time Hst data set-up time Hst data hold time Hckn∗4 rise time HCK Hckn∗4 fall time Hck1 fall to Hck2 rise time Hck1 rise to Hck2 fall time Vst rise time VST Vst fall time Vst data set-up time Vst data hold time VCK Vck rise time Vck fall time Enb rise time ENB Enb fall time Vck rise/fall to Enb rise time Enb pulse width Pcg rise time PCG Pcg fall time Pcg fall to Vck rise/fall time Pcg pulse width ∗4 Hckn means Hck1 and Hck2. (Ta = 25°C) (fHCKn = 3.82MHz, fVCK = 15.7kHz) Symbol trHst tfHst tdHst thHst trHckn tfHckn to1Hck to2Hck trVst tfVst tdVst thVst trVck tfVck trEnb tfEnb tdEnb twEnb trPcg tfPcg toVck twPcg Min. — — –15 116 — — –15 –15 — — 5 5 — — — — 350 3450 — — 250 1750 Typ. — — 0 131 — — 0 0 — — 15 15 — — — — 400 3500 — — 300 1800 Max. 30 30 15 146 30 30 15 15 100 100 25 25 100 100 100 100 450 3550 20 20 350 1850 ns µs ns Unit –6– LCX019AM Item Hst rise time Hst fall time HST Symbol trHst Hst 10% trHst Waveform 90% 90% 10% tfHst Conditions • Hckn∗4 duty cycle 50% to1Hck = 0ns to2Hck = 0ns tfHst ∗5 Hst data set-up time tdHst Hst Hck1 50% 50% 50% 50% Hst data hold time thHst tdHst thHst 90% 10% • Hckn∗4 duty cycle 50% to1Hck = 0ns to2Hck = 0ns Hckn∗4 rise time Hckn∗4 fall time HCK trHckn ∗4 Hckn 90% 10% tfHckn trHckn tfHckn • Hckn∗4 duty cycle 50% to1Hck = 0ns to2Hck = 0ns Hck1 fall to Hck2 rise time ∗5 to1Hck Hck1 50% 50% 50% 50% Hck1 rise to Hck2 fall time to2Hck Hck2 to2Hck to1Hck –7– LCX019AM Item Vst rise time Vst fall time VST Symbol trVst Vst 10% trVst Waveform 90% 90% 10% tfVst Conditions tfVst ∗5 Vst data set-up time tdVst 50% 50% 50% 50% Vst Vck Vst data hold time thVst tdVst 90% Vck 10% thVst 90% 10% Vck rise time VCK Vck fall time trVck tfVck trVckn tfVckn Enb rise time trEnb Enb 90% 10% 10% 90% Enb fall time ENB tfEnb tfEn trEn Vck rise/fall to Enb rise time tdEnb Vck 50% Enb 50% twEnb 50% Enb pulse width twEnb tdEnb ∗5 Pcg rise time Pcg fall time PCG Pcg fall to Vck rise/fall time Pcg pulse width trPcg Vck 50% tfPcg toVck twPcg Pcg 50% 50% twPcg toVck ∗5 ∗5 Definitions: The right-pointing arrow ( ) means +. The left-pointing arrow ( ) means –. The black dot at an arrow ( ) indicates the start of measurement. –8– LCX019AM Electrical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C, HVDD = 13.5V, VVDD = 13.5V, AVDD =15.5V) 1. Horizontal drivers Item Input pin capacitance HCKn HST Input pin current HCK1 HCK2 HST RGT Video signal input pin capacitance Current consumption Csig IH Symbol Min. CHckn CHst — — Typ. 12 12 Max. Unit 17 17 — — — — — 7 pF pF µA µA µA µA pF mA HCKn: HCK1, HCK2 (3.82MHz) HCK1 = GND HCK2 = GND HST = GND RGT = GND Conditions –500 –100 –1000 –350 –500 –150 –150 — — –30 250 3.5 2. Vertical drivers Item Input pin capacitance VCK VST Input pin current VCK Symbol Min. CVck CVst — — Typ. 12 12 Max. Unit 17 17 — — 4 pF pF µA µA mA VCK = GND PCG, VST, EN, DWN = GND VCK: (15.7kHz) Conditions –500 –150 –150 IV — –30 1.1 PCG, VST, ENB, DWN Current consumption 3. Analog block Item Current consumption Symbol Min. IA — Typ. 1.4 Max. Unit 4 mA Conditions HCKn, HCK1, HCK2 (3.82MHz) VCK (15.7kHz) 4. Total power consumption of the panel Item Total power consumption of the panel (NTSC) Symbol PWR Min. — Typ. 80 Max. 160 Unit mW 5. Pin input resistance Item Pin – VSS input resistance Symbol Rpin Min. 0.4 Typ. 1 Max. — Unit MΩ 6. Uniformity improvement signal input capacitance Item Uniformity improvement signal Symbol CPSIGon Min. — Typ. 13 –9– Max. 16 Unit nF LCX019AM Electro-optical Characteristics Item Contrast ratio Effective aperture ratio 60°C 60°C Symbol CR60 Teff RV90-25 25°C V90 60°C GV90-25 BV90-25 RV90-60 GV90-60 BV90-60 RV50-25 25°C V-T characteristics V50 60°C GV50-25 BV50-25 RV50-60 GV50-60 BV50-60 RV10-25 25°C V10 60°C GV10-25 BV10-25 RV10-60 GV10-60 BV10-60 ON time Response time OFF time Flicker Image retention time Cross talk 0°C 25°C 0°C 25°C 60°C 25°C 25°C ton0 ton25 toff0 toff25 F YT60 CTK 5 6 7 4 3 (Ta = 25°C, NTSC mode) Measurement method Min. Typ. Max. 1 2 130 200 60 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8 — — — — — — — 70 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.3 30 17 100 30 –65 — — — — 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.7 80 40 200 70 –40 0 5 dB s % ms V Unit — % – 10 – LCX019AM Basic measurement conditions (1) Driving voltage HVDD = 13.5V, VVDD = 13.5V, AVDD = 15.5V VVC = 7.0V, Vcom = 6.8V (2) Measurement temperature 25°C unless otherwise specified. (3) Measurement point One point in the center of screen unless otherwise specified. (4) Measurement systems Two types of measurement system are used as shown below. (5) Video input signal voltage (Vsig) Vsig = 7.0 ± VAC [V] (VAC: signal amplitude) 100W lamp angle distribution 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.0 Fresnel lens Elliptic mirror (6) Optical measurement systems • Measurement system I Relay lens system B R G Dichroic mirrors LCD panel Relative light intensity Projection lenses Screen 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.5 4.0 Panel incident light dispersion angle [ ° ] • Measurement system II Optical fiber Light receptor lens LIght Detector Measurement Equipment Drive Circuit LCD panel Light Source 1. Contrast ratio Contrast Ratio (CR) is given by the following formula (1). CR = L (White) L (Black) ...... (1) L (White): Surface luminance of the TFT-LCD panel at the input signal amplitude VAC = 0.5V L (Black): Surface luminance of the panel at VAC = 4.5V Both luminosities are measured by System I. – 11 – LCX019AM 2. Effective aperture ratio Measure the luminances below on the screen in System I, and calculate the effective aperture ratio using the following formula (2). Luminance for panel with microlens × (TFT aperture ratio) × 100 [%] ...... (2) Luminance for panel without microlens 3. V-T characteristics V-T characteristics, the relationship between signal amplitude and the transmittance of the panels, are measured by System II. V90, V50 and V10 correspond to the each voltage which defines 90%, 50% and 10% of transmittance respectively. The angles of incidence for R, G and B are as shown in the diagram below. Red: Center: Vertical Green: Left: 7.75 ± 0.5° Blue: Right: 7.75 ± 0.5° Transmittance [%] 90 50 10 V90 V50 V10 VAC – Signal amplitude [V] Left Center Right Optimum angle of incidence 7.75 ± 0.5° Optimum angle of incidence 7.75 ± 0.5° Pad 4. Response time Response time ton and toff are defined by the formulas (3) and (4) respectively. 4.5V Input signal voltage (waveform applied to the measured pixels) ton = t1 – tON ...... (3) toff = t2 – tOFF ...... (4) t1: time which gives 10% transmittance of the panel. t2: time which gives 90% transmittance of the panel. The relationships between t1, t2, tON and tOFF are shown in the right figure. 0.5V 7.0V 0V Optical transmission output waveform 100% 90% 10% 0% tON t1 ton tOFF t2 toff – 12 – LCX019AM 5. Flicker Flicker (F) is given by the formula (5). DC and AC (NTSC: 30Hz, rms, PAL: 25Hz, rms) components of the panel output signal for gray raster∗ mode are measured by a DC voltmeter and a spectrum analyzer in system II. F [dB] = 20log { AC component DC component } ...... (5) ∗ Each input signal condition for gray raster mode is given by Vsig = 7.0 ± V50 [V] where: V50 is the signal amplitude which gives 50% of transmittance in V-T characteristics. 6. Image retention time Image retention time is given by following procedures. Apply the monoscope signal to the LCD panel for 60 minutes and then change this signal to the gray scale of Vsig = 7.0 ± VAC (VAC: 3 to 4V). Hold VAC that maximizes image retention judging by sight. Measure the time till the residual image becomes indistinct. Black level ∗ Monoscope signal conditions: Vsig = 7.0 ± 4.5 or ± 2.0 [V] (shown in the right figure) Vcom = 6.8V 7.0V 4.5V 2.0V White level 2.0V 4.5V 0V Vsig waveform 7. Cross talk Cross talk is determined by the luminance differences between adjacent areas represented Wi' and Wi (i = 1 to 4) around black window (Vsig = 4.5V/1V). W1 W1' W2 W2' W4 W4' Cross talk CTK = Wi' – Wi × 100 [%] Wi W3 W3' – 13 – LCX019AM Viewing Angle Characteristics (Typical Value) 90 Phi 0 180 10 30 50 70 Theta 270 θ0° Z θ φ90° Marking φ180° φ Y φ0° X φ270° Measurement method Note) This measurement is performed using an LCD panel without a microlens. – 14 – Description of Operation 1 Dot arrangement (1) The dots are arranged in a delta pattern. The shaded area is used for the dark border around the display. ODD = 1200 dots EVEN = 1199 dots DR1 GATE SW GATE SW GATE SW GATE SW GATE SW GATE SW DR2 1 201 DL2 DR1 GATE SW 2 dots R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B1 R1 G1 B1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 B1 B1 R2 G2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 B1 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 B1 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B2 B1 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 B2 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B2 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B1 B2 R2 G2 R2 G2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 2 R1 G1 B1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 3 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 4 R1 G1 B1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 R2 G2 480 dots 2 dots – 15 – R1 G1 B1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 R1 G1 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 R1 G1 B1 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 479 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 480 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 B1 R2 G2 B2 R1 G1 PSIG PC LCX019AM PCX LCX019AM 2. LCD panel operations [Description of basic operations] The basic operations of the LCD panel are shown below based on the wide-display mode. • A vertical driver, which consists of vertical shift registers, enable-gates and buffers, applies a selected pulse to every 480 gate lines sequentially in every horizontal scanning period. • A horizontal driver, which consists of horizontal shift registers, gates and CMOS sample-and-hold circuits, applies selected pulses to every 1199.5 signal electrodes sequentially in a single horizontal scanning period. • Vertical and horizontal shift registers address one pixel, and then turn on Thin Film Transistors (TFTs; two TFTs) to apply a video signal to the dot. The same procedures lead to the entire 480 × 1199.5 dots to display a picture in a single vertical scanning period. • The LCD pixel dots are arranged in a delta pattern, where the dots connected to the identical signal line is positioned with 1.5-dot offset against an adjacent horizontal line. Horizontal Start Pulse (HST) is generated with 1.5-bit offset between the horizontal lines to regulate the above offset. HCK and sample-and-hold (S/H) pulses follow the same 1.5-bit offset scheme. • The video signal shall be input with polarity-inverted system in every horizontal cycle. • Timing diagrams of the vertical and the horizontal display cycle are shown below: (1) Vertical display cycle VST VCK 1 2 Vertical display cycle 480H 480 (2) Horizontal display cycle HST 200 HCK1 1 2 3 4 5 6 201 HCK2 Horizontal display cycle – 16 – LCX019AM [Description of operating mode] The LCD panel has the following functions to easily apply to various uses, as well as various broadcasting systems. • Right/left inverse mode • Up/down inverse mode These modes are controlled by two signals (RGT and DWN). The setting mode is shown below: RGT H L Mode Right scan Left scan DWN H L Mode Down scan Up scan The direction of the right/left and/or up/down mean when Pin 1 marking is located at right side with the pin block upside. • The analog signal (PSIG) shall be input by 1H inversion synchronized with the video signal. 3. 6-dot simultaneous sampling Horizontal driver samples SIG1 to SIG6 signals simultaneously, which requires the phase matching between signals to prevent horizontal resolution from deteriorating. Thus phase matching between each signal is required using an external signal delaying circuit before applying video signal to the LCD panel. The block diagram of the delaying procedure using simple-and-hold method is as follows. The LCX019AM has the right/left inverse function. The following phase relationship diagram indicates the phase setting for the right scan (RGT = High level). For the left scan (RGT = Low level), the phase setting shall be inverted in the order of the SIG6, SIG4, SIG5, SIG3, SIG1 and SIG2 signals. SIG2 SIG1 S/H CK1 S/H CK2 SIG3 SIG5 S/H CK3 S/H CK4 SIG4 SIG6 S/H CK5 S/H S/H CK6 7 9 SIG4 SIG6 S/H S/H 6 8 SIG3 SIG5 S/H S/H 5 4 SIG2 SIG1 (right scan) HCKn CK1 CK2 CK3 CK4 CK5 CK6 – 17 – LCX019AM LCX019AM Display System Block Diagram An example of display system is shown below. Buffer SID Double speed R NTSC, PAL Double Speed System Double speed G Double speed B RGB Driver CXA1853AQ R G B Sample-and-Hold IC CXA2504N PSIG COM SIG2 (R1) SIG1 (G1) SIG3 (B1) SIG5 (R2) SIG4 (G2) SIG6 (B2) LCD Panel LCX019AM FRP VD Timing Generator CXD2443Q HD or double speed HD S/H1 to 7 HCK1&2, VCK, ENB, VST, PCG1, HST, RGT, DWN Serial control – 18 – LCX019AM Optical Characteristics 1. Microlens outline The LCX019AM has a single built-in microlens on the substrate side facing the TFT for the three TFT panel picture elements. This microlens serves the following purposes. (1) The microlens converges the incident light striking the LCD panel to the dot aperture in order to improve the effective aperture ratio and increase the display brightness. (2) The microlens provides a color representation by distributing the light flux for each of the three primary colors R, G and B which strike the panel at different angles to the dot apertures corresponding to each color. This allows the light utilization efficiency to be improved by eliminating the light absorption by the color filter, which had been unavoidable with conventional single panel projectors. 2. Recommended lighting conditions In order to bring out the full light converging effects of the microlens and provide a color representation with high color purity, the following lighting is recommended. (1) The incident light angle of the three primary colors should be as shown in the figure below. The center light should strike the panel from the panel normal direction, and the left and right light from angles inclined to the right and left of the panel normal direction. The design optimal angle of incidence is the range of 7.75 ± 0.5°. However, the optimal angle of incidence may be altered slightly depending on the panel. Be sure to allow adjustment of the mutual angles of the dichroic mirrors so that the angle of incidence can be varied within the range of 7.75 ± 0.5°. Left Center Right Optimum angle of incidence 7.75 ± 0.5° Optimum angle of incidence 7.75 ± 0.5° Pad (2) Effective light: The normal direction (center light), left light and right light noted above should strike the panel at an angle of ±3.5° or less. Light with a dispersion angle greater than this value will strike adjoining dot apertures and cause the color purity to worsen. (See the incident angle distribution for System I.) 3. Recommended projection optical system The maximum egress light angle for light passing through the LCD is approximately ±20°. Therefore, setting the F stop of the projection lens to about 1.5 is recommended in order to maximize the light converging effects of the microlens and provide a representation with excellent color balance. If the projection lens F stop is larger than this value, the right and left light are kicked accordingly by the projection lens, thereby reducing the egress light flux to the screen and the same time shifting the white balance. – 19 – LCX019AM Notes on Operation (1) Lighting spectrum and intensity Use only visible light with a wavelength λ = 415 to 780nm as a light source. Light with a wavelength λ > 780nm (infrared light) will produce unwanted temperature rises. Light with a wavelength λ < 415nm (ultraviolet light) will produce irreversible changes in the display characteristics. To prevent this, be sure to mount UV/IR cut filters between the LCX019AM and the light source as necessary depending on the light source. The lighting intensity should be 1 million lux or less, and the panel surface temperature should not exceed 55°C. (2) Lighting optical system Care should be taken for the following points concerning the optical system mounted on the LCX019AM. 1) Light reflected from the optical system to the panel should be 20,000 lux or less. 2) Particular care should be taken for the panel incident angle distribution when designing optical systems for use with the LCX019AM. 3) The panel surface temperature distribution should not exceed 10°C. 4) Light should shine only on the effective display area within the LCD panel and not on other unnecessary locations. Leakage light may produce unwanted temperature rises. – 20 – LCX019AM Notes on Handling (1) Static charge prevention Be sure to take following protective measures. TFT-LCD panels are easily damaged by static charge. a) Use non-chargeable gloves, or simply use bare hands. b) Use an earth-band when handling. c) Do not touch any electrodes of a panel. d) Wear non-chargeable clothes and conductive shoes. e) Install conductive mat on the working floor and working table. f) Keep panels away from any charged materials. g) Use ionized air to discharge the panels. (2) Protection from dust and dirt a) Operate in clean environment. b) When delivered, a surface of a panel (glass panel) is covered by a protective sheet. Peel off the protective sheet carefully not to damage the glass panel. c) Do not touch the surface of the glass panel. The surface is easily scratched. When cleaning, use a clean-room wiper with isopropyl alcohol. Be careful not to leave stain on the surface. d) Use ionized air to blow off dust at the glass panel. (3) Other handling precautions a) Do not twist or bend the flexible PC board especially at the connecting region because the board is easily deformed. b) Do not drop a panel. c) Do not twist or bend a panel or panel frame. d) Keep a panel away from heat source. e) Do not dampen a panel with water or other solvents. f) Avoid to store or to use a panel in a high temperature or in a high humidity, which may result in panel damages. g) Minimum radius of bending curvature for a flexible substrate must be 1mm. h) Torque required to tighten screws on a panel must be 3kg · cm or less. i) Use appropriate filter to protect a panel. j) Do not pressure the portion other than mounting hole (cover). – 21 – LCX019AM Package Outline Unit: mm (5.1) Thickness of the connector 0.3 ± 0.05 1 2 3 3 61.9 ± 0.7 4 5 4R 1. 0 (20.05) 32.0 ± 0.2 39.0 ± 0.2 6 6 Polarizing Axis (0.9) Active Area Incident light 7 8.60 ± 0.25 P 8.0 × 4 = φ2.5H9 2.5H9 × 3.0 8-φ2.5 ± 0.1 (28.5) (26.87) 57.0 ± 0.2 62.0 ± 0.2 15.06 ± 0.25 2.5 ± 0.2 3.0 ± 0.2 5.1 ± 0.2 9.2 ± 0.2 No 1 2 0.5 ± 0.15 4.0 ± 0.4 P 1.0 × 23 = 23.0 ± 0.1 1.0 ± 0.15 0.6 ± 0.05 Description FPC Reinforcing board Molding material Reinforcing material Outside frame Glass Polarizing film weight 45g 3 4 5 6 7 PIN1 PIN24 electrode (enlarged) The rotation angle of the active area relative to H and V is ± 1°. – 22 –