ACS108
Overvoltage protected AC switch (ACS™)
Datasheet - production data
Description
COM
G
COM
OUT
COM
OUT
G
TO-92
ACS108-6SA
ACS108-8SA
SOT-223
ACS108-6SN
ACS108-8SN
The ACS108 belongs to the AC switch range
(built with A. S. D.® technology). This high
performance switch can control a load of up to 0.8
A. The ACS108 switch includes an overvoltage
crowbar structure to absorb the inductive turn-off
energy, and a gate level shifter driver to separate
the digital controller from the main switch. It is
triggered with a negative gate current flowing out
of the gate pin.
Figure 1. Functional diagram
Features
OUT
Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5
surge with overvoltage crowbar technology
High noise immunity against static dV/dt and
IEC 61000-4-4 burst
G
Needs no external protection snubber or
varistor
Reduces component count by up to 80% and
Interfaces directly with the micro-controller
COM
OUT
G
Common package tab connection supports
connection of several alternating current
switches on the same cooling pad
VCL gives headroom before clamping then
crowbar action
Applications
COM
Common drive reference to connect
to the mains
Output to connect to the load.
Gate input to connect to the controller
through gate resistor
Table 1. Device summary
Symbol
Value
Unit
IT(RMS)
0.8
A
VDRM, VRRM
600 and 800
V
IGT
10
mA
Alternating current on/off static switching in
appliances and industrial control systems
Driving low power high inductive or resistive
loads like:
– relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser,
– pump, fan, low power motor, door lock
– lamp
®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics
TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics
October 2013
This is information on a product in full production.
DocID6518 Rev 5
1/13
www.st.com
Characteristics
1
ACS108
Characteristics
Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
TO-92
IT(RMS)
ITSM
I2t
Tamb = 64 °C
Value
Unit
0.45
A
0.8
A
Tlead = 76 °C
On-state rms current (full sine wave)
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
(full cycle sine wave, Tj initial = 25 °C)
SOT-223
S = 5 cm2
Tamb = 76 °C
F = 60 Hz
t = 16.7 ms
F = 50 Hz
t = 20 ms
13
tp = 10 ms
1.1
A2s
Tj = 125 °C
100
A/µs
2
kV
Tj = 125 °C
1
A
Ttab = 104 °C
13.7
A
I²t Value for fusing
dI/dt
Critical rate of rise of on-state current
IG = 2xIGT, tr 100 ns
VPP
Non repetitive mains peak mains voltage(1)
IGM
Peak gate current
VGM
Peak positive gate voltage
Tj = 125 °C
10
V
Average gate power dissipation
Tj = 125 °C
0.1
W
-40 to +150
-30 to +125
°C
PG(AV)
Tstg
Tj
F = 120 Hz
tp = 20 µs
Storage junction temperature range
Operating junction temperature range
1. According to test described by IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 18
Table 3. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
IGT(1)
VGT
VGD
Test conditions
Quadrant
VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33
VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 kTj = 125 °C
Unit
II - III
Max.
10
mA
II - III
Max.
1
V
II - III
Min.
0.15
V
IH
IOUT = 100 mA
Max.
10
mA
IL
IG = 1.2 x IGT
Max.
25
mA
VOUT = 402 V, gate open, Tj = 125 °C
Min.
2000
V/µs
VOUT = 536 V, gate open, Tj = 125 °C
Min.
400
V/µs
Without snubber (15 V/µs), Tj = 125 °C, turn-off time 20 ms
Min.
2
A/ms
ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, ACS108-6
Min.
650
V
ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, ACS108-8
Min.
850
V
dV/dt
(dI/dt)c
VCL
1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 10% of IGT max
2/13
Value
DocID6518 Rev 5
ACS108
Characteristics
Table 4. Static electrical characteristics
Symbol
VTM (1)
Parameter and test conditions
Value
Unit
ITM = 1.1 A, tp = 500 µs
Tj = 25 °C
Max.
1.3
V
Vt0
(1)
Threshold voltage
Tj = 125 °C
Max.
0.85
V
RD
(1)
Dynamic resistance
Tj = 125 °C
Max.
300
m
2
µA
0.2
mA
IDRM
IRRM
Tj = 25 °C
VOUT = VDRM = VRRM
Max.
Tj = 125 °C
1. For both polarities of OUT referenced to COM
Table 5. Thermal resistance
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Rth (j-l)
Junction to lead (AC)
TO-92
Max.
60
Rth (j-t)
Junction to tab (AC)
SOT-223
Max.
25
TO-92
Max.
150
SOT-223
Max.
60
Rth (j-a)
°C/W
Junction to ambient
S = 5 cm²
Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation versus
on-state rms current
0.9
Unit
Figure 3. On-state rms current versus case
temperature (SOT223)
IT(RMS) (A)
P (W)
0.9
α = 180°
0.8
a =180°
0.8
SOT-223
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
180°
0.1
0.1
IT(RMS) (A)
TC °C
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0
DocID6518 Rev 5
25
50
75
100
125
3/13
13
Characteristics
ACS108
Figure 4. On-state rms current versus ambient
temperature (free air convection)
IT(RMS) (A)
Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal
impedance junction to ambient versus pulse
duration
1.00
0.9
K=[Zth(j-a) /Rth(j-a) ]
Zth(j-a)
a =180°
0.8
SOT-223
0.7
TO-92
0.6
0.5
0.10
0.4
TO-92
0.3
SOT-223
0.2
Single layer Printed
circuit board FR4
0.1
Ta °C
Natural convection
0.0
0
25
50
75
SOT-223
Copper surface
area = 5cm²
tP (s)
100
125
Figure 6. Relative variation of holding and
latching current versus junction temperature
IH, IL [T j] / IH, IL [T j=25 °C]
0.01
1.0E-03
IL
1.0E+00
1.0E+01
1.0E+02
1.0E+03
IGT, VGT [Tj] / IGT, VGT, [Tj =25 °C]
IGT Q2
3.0
2.5
1.0E-01
Figure 7. Relative variation of IGT and VGT
versus junction temperature
3.5
3.0
1.0E-02
IGT Q3
2.5
2.0
2.0
1.5
IH
1.5
1.0
1.0
0.5
VGT Q2-Q3
0.5
Tj(°C)
Tj(°C)
0.0
0.0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 8. Surge peak on-state current versus
number of cycles
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 9. Non repetitive surge peak on-state
current for a sinusoidal pulse, and
corresponding value of I²t
ITSM (A)
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ITSM(A), I²t (A²s)
1.E+03
Sinusoidal pulse,
tp < 10 ms
Tj initial = 25 °C
t=20ms
ITSM
One cycle
1.E+02
Non repetitive
Tj initial=25 °C
SOT-223
Repetitive
Ttab = 104 °C
1.E+01
1.E+00
TO-92
Repetitive
Tlead = 76 °C
I²t
tp(ms)
Number of cycles
1.E-01
1
4/13
-50
10
100
1000
0.01
DocID6518 Rev 5
0.10
1.00
10.00
ACS108
Characteristics
Figure 10. On-state characteristics (maximum
values)
100.00
Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current versus junction
temperature
ITM(A)
(dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dI/dt)c [Tj=125 °C]
2.5
2.0
10.00
1.5
1.0
1.00
Tj=125 °C
Tj max.:
Tj=25 °C
0.5
Vto = 0.85 V
VTM(V)
Tj (°C)
Rd = 300 mΩ
0.0
0.10
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt
immunity versus junction temperature(1)
5
25
4.5
dV/dt [T j] / dV/dt [T j=125°C]
35
45
55
65
75
85
95
105
115
125
Figure 13. Relative variation of leakage current
versus junction temperature
IDRM /IRRM [Tj;V DRM/ VRRM ]/IDRM /IRRM [Tj=125°C;800 V]
1.0E+00
VD =VR=536V
4
1.0E-01
VDRM=VRRM=800 V
3
VDRM=VRRM=600 V
2
1.0E-02
1
Tj(°C)
Tj (°C)
1.0E-03
0
25
50
75
100
125
25
50
75
100
125
1. VD = VR = 402 V: Typical values above 5 kV/µs. Beyond equipment capability
Figure 14. Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current (di/dt)c versus
(dV/dt)c
5.0
Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to
ambient versus copper surface under tab
(SOT-223)
(dI/dt)c [ (dV/dt) c ] / Specified (dI/dt) c
140
Tj =125 °C
Rth(j-a) (°C/W)
Printed circuit board FR4
copper thickness = 35 µm
4.5
SOT-223
120
4.0
100
3.5
3.0
80
2.5
2.0
60
1.5
40
1.0
20
0.5
SCU(cm²)
(dV/dt)c (V/µs)
0
0.0
0.1
1.0
10.0
100.0
0.0
DocID6518 Rev 5
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
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Alternating current mains switch - basic application
2
ACS108
Alternating current mains switch - basic application
The ACS108 switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing from the gate pin G. The
switch can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown in
Figure 16.
Thanks to its overvoltage protection and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS108
switch can drive a small power high inductive load with neither varistor nor additional turn-off
snubber.
Figure 16. Typical application schematic
Valve
AC Mains
ACS108
Power supply
Vss
MCU
Vdd
Rg
VT
220 Ω
IT
2.1
Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS
In comparison with standard Triacs the ACS108 is over-voltage self-protected, as specified
by the new parameter VCL. This feature is useful in two operating conditions: in case of turnoff of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that can occur on the electrical
network.
2.1.1
High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping
With high inductive and low rms current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very low.
An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is lower
than IH.
As shown in Figure 17, at the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current
decreases ① . The load current reaches the holding current level IH ② , and the ACS turns
off ③ . The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current generator and
an overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS ④ . The current flows through the
ACS avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the
switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the
load is dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose. When the energy
has been dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage value (230 V rms,
50 Hz) ⑤ .
6/13
DocID6518 Rev 5
ACS108
Alternating current mains switch - basic application
Figure 17. Switching off of a high inductive load - typical clamping capability of
ACS108 (Tamb = 25 °C)
4
VCL
IT
1
3
VT
2
IH
(200 V/div)
3
4
IT
VT
5
(5 mA/div)
VCL
1
2
100 µs/div
2.1.2
IH
5
Alternating current mains transient voltage ruggedness
The ACS108 switch is able to withstand safely the AC mains transients either by clamping
the low energy spikes or by breaking-over when subjected to high energy shocks, even with
high turn-on current rises.
The test circuit shown in Figure 18 is representative of the final ACS108 application, and is
also used to test the AC switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks
to the load limiting the current, the ACS108 switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV
above the peak mains voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar
technology. Actually, the ACS108 breaks over safely as shown in Figure 19. The ACS108
recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch off back at the next zero
crossing of the current).
Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10 times on each AC mains voltage polarity.
Figure 18. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads, Tamb
= 25 °C (conditions equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5 standard)
+2 kV surge
generator
CC
Load
150 Ω 5 µH
ACS108
OUT
Mains
voltage
230 V rms
50 Hz
G
VT
COM
IT
DocID6518 Rev 5
220 Ω
7/13
13
Alternating current mains switch - basic application
ACS108
Figure 19. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACS108 (+2 kV surge,
IEC 61000-4-5 standard)
VT (200 V/div)
IT max = 17.2 A
dIT/dt = 1.8 A/µs
IT (4 A/div)
500 ns/div
8/13
DocID6518 Rev 5
ACS108
3
Package information
Package information
Epoxy meets UL94, V0
Lead-free packages
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
Figure 20. TO-92 dimension definitions
A
a
B
C
F
D
E
Table 6. TO-92 dimension values
Dimensions
Ref
Millimeters
Min.
A
Typ.
Inches
Max.
Min.
1.35
B
Typ.
0.053
4.70
C
Max.
0.185
2.54
0.100
D
4.40
0.173
E
12.70
0.500
F
3.70
0.146
a
0.50
0.019
DocID6518 Rev 5
9/13
13
Package information
ACS108
Figure 21. SOT-223 dimension definitions
V
A
A1
c
B
e1
D
B1
4
H
E
1
2
3
e
Table 7. SOT-223 dimension values
Dimensions
Ref.
Millimeters
Min.
Inches
Typ.
Max.
0.02
0.10
A
Min.
Typ.
Max.
0.001
0.004
1.80
A1
0.071
B
0.60
0.70
0.85
0.024
0.027
0.033
B1
2.90
3.00
3.15
0.114
0.118
0.124
c
0.24
0.26
0.35
0.009
0.010
0.014
D(1)
6.30
6.50
6.70
0.248
0.256
0.264
e
2.3
0.090
e1
4.6
0.181
(1)
3.30
3.50
3.70
0.130
0.138
0.146
H
6.70
7.00
7.30
0.264
0.276
0.287
E
V
10° max
1. Do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.15mm (0.006inches)
Figure 22. SOT-223 footprint (dimensions in mm)
3.25
1.32
5.16
7.80
1.32
2.30
10/13
DocID6518 Rev 5
0.95
ACS108
4
Ordering information
Ordering information
Figure 23. Ordering information scheme
ACS
1
08 - 6
S
A -TR
AC switch series
Number of switches
Current
08 = 0.8 A rms
Voltage
6 = 600 V
8 = 800 V
Sensitivity
S = 10 mA
Package
A = TO-92
N = SOT-223
Packing
TR = Tape and reel 7” (SOT-223, 1000 pieces) 13” (TO-92, 2000 pieces)
AP = Ammopack (TO-92, 2000 pieces)
Blank = bulk (TO-92, 2500 pieces)
Table 8. Ordering information
Order code
Marking
ACS108-6SA
ACS108-6SA-TR
ACS1 086SA
ACS108-6SA-AP
ACS108-6SN-TR
ACS 108 6SN
ACS108-8SA
ACS108-8SA-TR
ACS1 088SA
ACS108-8SA-AP
ACS108-8SN-TR
ACS 108 8SN
Package
Weight
Base Qty
Delivery mode
TO-92
0.2 g
2500
Bulk
TO-92
0.2 g
2000
Tape and reel
TO-92
0.2 g
2000
Ammopack
SOT-223
0.11 g
1000
Tape and reel
TO-92
0.2 g
2500
Bulk
TO-92
0.2 g
2000
Tape and reel
TO-92
0.2 g
2000
Ammopack
SOT-223
0.11 g
1000
Tape and reel
DocID6518 Rev 5
11/13
13
Revision history
5
ACS108
Revision history
Table 9. Document revision history
12/13
Date
Revision
Changes
Apr_2004
1
Initial release. This datasheet covers order codes previously
described in the datasheet for ACS108-6S, Doc ID 11962, Rev 3
December 2010.
21-Jun-2005
2
Marking information updated from ACSxxxx to ACS1xxx.
11-Jul-2012
3
Removed 500 V devices and added 600 V and 800 V devices.
27-Sep-2013
4
Corrected typographical error in Figure 4.
31-Oct-2013
5
Corrected character formatting issues in Section 2.1.1.
DocID6518 Rev 5
ACS108
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