ACST4
Overvoltage protected AC switch
Datasheet - production data
Description
The ACST4 series belongs to the ACS / ACST
power switch family. This high performance
device is suited to home appliances or industrial
systems and drives loads up to 4 A.
OUT
G
OUT
COM
COM
G
DPAK
TO-220FPAB
Features
• Triac with overvoltage protection
This ACST4 switch embeds a Triac structure with
a high voltage clamping device to absorb the
inductive turn-off energy and withstand line
transients such as those described in the
IEC 61000-4-5 standards. The ACST410 needs a
low gate current to be activated (IGT < 10 mA) and
still shows a high electrical noise immunity
complying with IEC standards such as
IEC 61000-4-4 (fast transient burst test).
Figure 1. Functional diagram
• Low IGT ( 1000 V/µs
• TO-220FPAB insulated package:
– complies with UL standards (File ref :
E81734)
– insulation voltage: 2000 VRMS
G
Benefits
COM
• Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5
• High off-state reliability with planar technology
Table 1. Device summary
• Needs no external overvoltage protection
Symbol
Value
Unit
• Reduces the power passive component count
IT(RMS)
4
A
VDRM/VRRM
800
V
IGT(ACST410)
10
mA
IGT(ACST435)
35
mA
• High immunity against fast transients
described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards
Applications
• AC mains static switching in appliance and
industrial control systems
• Drive of medium power AC loads such as:
– Universal motor of washing machine drum
– Compressor for fridge or air conditioner
May 2017
This is information on a product in full production.
DocID8766 Rev 8
1/14
www.st.com
Characteristics
1
ACST4
Characteristics
Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings (limiting values)
Symbol
Parameter
IT(RMS)
On-state rms current (full sine wave)
Value
TO-220FPAB
Tc = 102 °C
DPAK
Tc = 112 °C
4
A
DPAK with 0.5
Tamb = 60 °C
cm² copper
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current F = 60 Hz
(full cycle sine wave, TJ initial = 25 °C)
F = 50 Hz
ITSM
I²
²
t
I t Value for fusing
Critical rate of rise of on-state current
IG = 2 x IGT, tr = 100 ns
dI/dt
F = 120 Hz
Unit
1
tp = 16.7 ms
32
A
tp = 20 ms
30
A
tp = 10 ms
6
A ²s
Tj = 125 °C
100
A/µs
VPP (1)
Non repetitive line peak mains voltage (1)
Tj = 25 °C
2
kV
PG(AV)
Average gate power dissipation
Tj = 125 °C
0.1
W
PGM
Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 µs)
Tj = 125 °C
10
W
IGM
Peak gate current (tp = 20 µs)
Tj = 125 °C
1.6
A
Tstg
Tj
Storage junction temperature range
Operating junction temperature range
-40 to +150
-40 to +125
°C
260
°C
2000
V
Tl
Maximum lead soldering temperature during 10 s (at 3 mm from plastic case)
VINS(RMS) Insulation RMS voltage (60 seconds)
T0-220FPAB
1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 18
Table 3. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Test conditions
Quadrant
ACST435
Unit
IGT(1)
VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω
I - II - III
MAX
10
35
mA
VGT
VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω
I - II - III
MAX
1.0
1.1
V
VGD
VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 kΩ,Tj = 125 °C
I - II - III
MIN
IH
(2)
IOUT = 500 mA
IL
dV/dt
IG = 1.2 x IGT
(2)
I - II-III
25
mA
MAX
40
60
mA
500
1000
V/µs
5
A/ms
MIN
(dI/dt)c
without snubber, Tj = 125 °C
MIN
(dI/dt)c
(2)
(dV/dt)c = 15 V/µs, Tj = 125 °C
MIN
ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms
MIN
1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of IGT max
2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin
DocID8766 Rev 8
V
20
VOUT = 67% VDRM gate open, Tj = 125 °C
VCL
0.2
MAX
(2)
2/14
ACST410
2
A/ms
850
V
ACST4
Characteristics
Table 4. Static electrical characteristics
Symbol
Test conditions
Value
Unit
VTM(1)
ITM = 5.6 A, tp = 500 µs
Tj = 25 °C
MAX
1.7
V
VTO(1)
Threshold voltage
Tj = 125 °C
MAX
0.9
V
Dynamic resistance
Tj = 125 °C
MAX
110
mΩ
20
µA
0.5
mA
RD
(1)
IDRM
IRRM
Tj = 25 °C
VOUT = VDRM / VRRM
MAX
Tj = 125 °C
1. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin
Table 5. Thermal resistances
Symbol
Rth(j-c)
Parameter
Value
DPAK
2.6
TO-220FPAB
4.6
TO-220FPAB
60
DPAK
70
Unit
Junction to case for full cycle sine wave conduction
°C/W
Rth(j-a)
Junction to ambient
SCU (1)= 0.5 cm²
1. SCU = copper surface under tab
Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation versus
on-state RMS current
6
Figure 3. On-state RMS current versus case
temperature (full cycle)
P(W)
α = 180°
5
180°
IT(RMS)(A)
α=180°
5
DPAK
4
TO220FPAB
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
IT(RMS)(A)
0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
TC (°C)
0
0
DocID8766 Rev 8
25
50
75
100
125
3/14
14
Characteristics
ACST4
Figure 4. On-state RMS current versus ambient
temperature (free air convection, full cycle)
IT(RMS)(A)
2.0
Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal
impedance versus pulse duration
1.0E+00
K = [Zth / Rth]
Zth(j-c)
α=180°
DPAK
TO-220FPAB
Zth(j-a)
1.5
DPAK with copper
surface = 0.5 cm2
TO-220FPAB
1.0E-01
1.0
0.5
Tp(s)
Ta(°C)
0.0
1.0E-02
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 6. Relative variation of gate trigger
current (IGT) and voltage (VGT) versus junction
temperature (typical values)
I GT , V GT [T j ] / I GT , V GT [T j = 25 °C ]
3.0
1.0E-02
1.0E-01
1.0E+00
1.0E+01
1.0E+02
1.0E+03
Figure 7. Relative variation of holding current
(IH) and latching current (IL) versus junction
temperature (typical values)
2. 5
I GT Q3
2.5
1.0E-03
I H , I L [T j ] / I H , I L [T j = 25 °C ]
2. 0
I GT Q1-Q 2
2.0
1. 5
1.5
1. 0
V GT Q 1-Q2-Q 3
1.0
IL
0. 5
0.5
IH
T j (°C )
0.0
T j (°C )
0. 0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 8. Surge peak on-state current
versus number of cycles
35
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 9. Non repetitive surge peak on-state
current versus sinusoidal pulse width
ITSM(A)
1000
I TSM (A), (A2s)
dl /dt limitation: 100 A / μs
T j initial = 25 °C
30
t=20ms
25
One cycle
Non repetitive
Tj initial=25 °C
100
I TS M
20
15
10
10
Repetitive
TC=102°C
5
Number of cycles
0
1
4/14
10
100
1000
1
0.01
DocID8766 Rev 8
tp (ms )
0.10
1.00
10.00
ACST4
Characteristics
Figure 10. On-state characteristics
(maximum values)
100
Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of
decrease of main current (dI/dt)c versus
junction temperature
ITM(A)
(dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dl/dt)c [Tj = 125 °C]
8
Tjmax:
Vto = 0.90 V
Rd = 110 mΩ
7
6
5
10
4
3
2
Tj = 125 °C
1
Tj = 25 °C
VTM(V)
1
0
1
2
3
4
25
5
Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt
immunity versus junction temperature
(gate open)
6
Tj(°C)
0
50
75
100
125
Figure 13. Relative variation of leakage current
versus junction temperature
dV/dt [Tj] / dV/dt [Tj = 125 °C]
IDRM/IRRM [Tj; VDRM / VRRM] / IDRM/IRRM [Tj = 125 °C; 800 V]
1.0E+00
VD = VR = 536 V
VDRM = VRRM = 800V
5
Different blocking voltages
4
1.0E-01
VDRM = VRRM = 600 V
3
1.0E-02
2
VDRM = VRRM = 200 V
1
Tj(°C)
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 14. Relative variation of the clamping
voltage (VCL) versus junction temperature
(minimum values)
1.15
VCL[Tj] / VCL [Tj = 25 °C]
Tj(°C)
1.0E-03
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to
ambient versus copper surface under tab
5WK MD &:
1.10
1.05
1.00
0.95
(SR[\ SULQWHG ERDUG )5 H&8 P
0.90
0.85
-50
6&X FPð
Tj(°C)
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
DocID8766 Rev 8
5/14
14
Application information
ACST4
2
Application information
2.1
Typical application description
The ACST4 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in
home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACST4
switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 4 A with no turn off additional snubber. It also
provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as the compressor
inrush current or high torque operating conditions of an AC motor. Thanks to its low gate
triggering current level, the ACST4 can be driven directly by an MCU through a simple gate
resistor as shown Figure 16 and Figure 17.
Figure 16. Compressor control – typical diagrams
Compressor
Compressor
AC Mains
AC Mains
2
PTC
Electronic
starter
1
logical circuitry
PTC
ACST
Start
switch
3
ACST
ACST
Run
switch
Electronic
thermostat
ACST
Rg
Power supply
Gate
Driver
Power supply
Compressor with integrated e-starter
6/14
Rg
DocID8766 Rev 8
Rg
Gate
Driver
Compressor with external electronic drive
ACST4
Application information
Figure 17. Universal drum motor control – typical diagram
Universal motor
Stator
Rotor
12V
AC Mains
Motor direction
setting
MCU
Speed motor
regulation
ACST
Rg
Vcc
MCU
2.2
AC line transient voltage ruggedness
In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST4
is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter VCL. The ACST4
switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy
spikes, such as inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the on state (for less than
10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even
with high turn-on current ramp up.
The test circuit of Figure 18 represents the ACST4 application, and is used to stress the
ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect
of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to
2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar
technology. The ACST4 folds back safely to the on state as shown in Figure 19. The ACST4
recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero current crossing.
Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity.
DocID8766 Rev 8
7/14
14
Application information
ACST4
Figure 18. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for
IEC 61000-4-5 standards
R = 23 Ω, L = 2 µH, Vsurge = 2 kV
Rg = 220 Ω (ACST410-8), 68 Ω (ACST435-8)
Surge generator
2kV surge
Rgene
Model of the load
Filtering unit
R
L
ACST4
AC Mains
Rg
Figure 19. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACST4 during
IEC 61000-4-5 standard test
Vpeak = VCL
1.2/50 µs voltage surge
V
0
Ipeak = 90 A
8/20 µs current surge
I
0
dI/dt = 130 A/µs
8/14
DocID8766 Rev 8
ACST4
3
Package information
Package information
•
Epoxy meets UL94, V0
•
Cooling method: by conduction (C)
•
Recommended torque (TO-220FPAB): 0.4 to 0.6 N·m
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
Figure 20. TO-220FPAB package outline
A
B
H
Dia
L6
L2
L7
L3
L5
F1
L4
D
F2
F
E
G1
G
DocID8766 Rev 8
9/14
14
Package information
ACST4
Table 6. TO-220FPAB package mechanical data
Dimensions
Ref.
Millimeters
Min.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A
4.4
4.6
0.1732
0.1811
B
2.5
2.7
0.0984
0.1063
D
2.5
2.75
0.0984
0.1083
E
0.45
0.70
0.0177
0.0276
F
0.75
1
0.0295
0.0394
F1
1.15
1.70
0.0453
0.0669
F2
1.15
1.70
0.0453
0.0669
G
4.95
5.20
0.1949
0.2047
G1
2.4
2.7
0.0945
0.1063
H
10
10.4
0.3937
0.4094
L2
10/14
Typ.
Inches
16
0.6299
L3
28.6
30.6
1.1260
1.2047
L4
9.8
10.6
0.3858
0.4173
L5
2.9
3.6
0.1142
0.1417
L6
15.9
16.4
0.6260
0.6457
L7
9.00
9.30
0.3543
0.3661
Dia.
3.00
3.20
0.1181
0.1260
DocID8766 Rev 8
ACST4
Package information
$
Figure 21. DPAK package outline
(
E
+
'
'
/
F
(
/
$
H
E
F
$
/
9
H
Note:
This package drawing may slightly differ from the physical package. However, all the
specified dimensions are guaranteed.
DocID8766 Rev 8
11/14
14
Package information
ACST4
Table 7. DPAK package mechanical data
Dimensions
Ref.
Millimeters
Min.
Typ.
Inches
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A
2.18
2.40
0.0858
0.0945
A1
0.90
1.10
0.0354
0.0433
A2
0.03
0.23
0.0012
0.0091
b
0.64
0.90
0.0252
0.0354
b4
4.95
5.46
0.1949
0.2150
c
0.46
0.61
0.0181
0.0240
c2
0.46
0.60
0.0181
0.0240
D
5.97
6.22
0.2350
0.2449
D1
4.95
5.60
0.1949
0.2205
E
6.35
6.73
0.2500
0.2650
E1
4.32
5.50
0.1701
0.2165
e
2.286
0.0900
e1
4.40
4.70
0.1732
0.1850
H
9.35
10.40
0.3681
0.4094
L
1.00
1.78
0.0394
0.0701
L2
1.27
0.0500
L4
0.60
1.02
0.0236
0.0402
V2
-8°
8°
-8°
8°
Figure 22. Footprint (dimensions in mm)
6.7
3.0
3.0
5.094
6.7
B
1.6
The device must be positioned within
0.05 A B
12/14
DocID8766 Rev 8
A
ACST4
4
Ordering information
Ordering information
Figure 23. Ordering information scheme
ACS T 4 10 - 8
B TR
AC switch
Topology
T = Triac
On-state rms current
4=4A
Triggering gate current
10 = 10 mA
35 = 35 mA
Repetitive peak off-state voltage
8 = 800V
Package
B = DPAK
FP = TO-220FPAB
Delivery mode
TR = Tape and reel
Blank = Tube
Table 8. Ordering information
Order code
Marking
Package
Weight
Base Qty
Delivery mode
DPAK
1.5 g
50
Tube
DPAK
1.5 g
1000
Tape and reel
ACST410-8FP
TO-220FPAB
2.4 g
50
Tube
ACST435-8B
DPAK
1.5 g
50
Tube
DPAK
1.5 g
1000
Tape and reel
TO-220FPAB
2.4 g
50
Tube
ACST410-8B
ACST410-8BTR
ACST4108
ACST435-8BTR
ACST4358
ACST435-8FP
5
Revision history
Table 9. Document revision history
Date
Revision
Changes
Jan-2003
3A
04-Jul-2007
4
Reformatted to current standard. Added package.
18-Dec-2009
5
VDRM/VRRM updated to 800 V. Order codes updated.
02-Jun-2014
6
Updated DPAK package information and reformatted to current standard.
21-Oct-2014
7
Updated Table 2, Table 3,Table 4, Features and Description.
18-May-2017
8
Updated Features in cover page, Table 2 and Figure 14.
Previous update.
DocID8766 Rev 8
13/14
14
ACST4
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