STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
Access line ultra-low-power 32-bit MCU Arm®-based Cortex®-M0+,
up to 64 KB Flash, 8 KB SRAM, 2 KB EEPROM, ADC
Datasheet - production data
Features
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)%*$
Ultra-low-power platform
– 1.65 V to 3.6 V power supply
– -40 to 125 °C temperature range
– 0.27 µA Standby mode (2 wakeup pins)
– 0.4 µA Stop mode (16 wakeup lines)
– 0.8 µA Stop mode + RTC + 8-Kbyte RAM
retention
– 88 µA/MHz in Run mode
– 3.5 µs wakeup time (from RAM)
– 5 µs wakeup time (from Flash memory)
Core: Arm® 32-bit Cortex®-M0+ with MPU
– From 32 kHz up to 32 MHz max.
– 0.95 DMIPS/MHz
Memories
– Up to 64-Kbyte Flash memory with ECC
– 8-Kbyte RAM
– 2 Kbytes of data EEPROM with ECC
– 20-byte backup register
– Sector protection against R/W operation
Up to 51 fast I/Os (45 I/Os 5V tolerant)
LQFP32 (7x7 mm)
LQFP48 (7x7 mm)
LQFP64 (10x10 mm)
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Reset and supply management
– Ultra-safe, low-power BOR (brownout reset)
with 5 selectable thresholds
– Ultra-low-power POR/PDR
– Programmable voltage detector (PVD)
Clock sources
– 1 to 25 MHz crystal oscillator
– 32 kHz oscillator for RTC with calibration
– High speed internal 16 MHz factory-trimmed RC
(+/- 1%)
– Internal low-power 37 kHz RC
– Internal multispeed low-power 65 kHz to
4.2 MHz RC
– PLL for CPU clock
Pre-programmed bootloader
– USART, SPI supported
Development support
– Serial wire debug supported
October 2019
This is information on a product in full production.
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UFQFPN32
(5x5 mm)
UFQFPN48
(7x7 mm)
Standard and
thin WLCSP36
(2.61x2.88 mm)
TFBGA64
(5x5 mm)
Rich Analog peripherals
– 12-bit ADC 1.14 Msps up to 16 channels (down
to 1.65 V)
– 2x ultra-low-power comparators (window mode
and wake up capability, down to 1.65 V)
7-channel DMA controller, supporting ADC, SPI,
I2C, USART, Timers
7x peripheral communication interfaces
– 2x USART (ISO 7816, IrDA), 1x UART (low
power)
– Up to 4x SPI 16 Mbits/s
– 2x I2C (SMBus/PMBus)
9x timers: 1x 16-bit with up to 4 channels, 2x 16-bit
with up to 2 channels, 1x 16-bit ultra-low-power
timer, 1x SysTick, 1x RTC, 1x 16-bit basic, and 2x
watchdogs (independent/window)
CRC calculation unit, 96-bit unique ID
All packages are ECOPACK2
Table 1. Device summary
Reference
Part number
STM32L051x6
STM32L051C6, STM32L051K6,
STM32L051R6, STM32L051T6
STM32L051x8
STM32L051C8, STM32L051K8,
STM32L051R8, STM32L051T8
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www.st.com
Contents
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
Contents
1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3
2.1
Device overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
2.2
Ultra-low-power device continuum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Functional overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.1
Low-power modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.2
Interconnect matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.3
Arm® Cortex®-M0+ core with MPU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.4
Reset and supply management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.4.1
Power supply schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.4.2
Power supply supervisor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.4.3
Voltage regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.5
Clock management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.6
Low-power real-time clock and backup registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.7
General-purpose inputs/outputs (GPIOs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.8
Memories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.9
Boot modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.10
Direct memory access (DMA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.11
Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.12
Temperature sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.12.1
2/133
Internal voltage reference (VREFINT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.13
Ultra-low-power comparators and reference voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.14
System configuration controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.15
Timers and watchdogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.15.1
General-purpose timers (TIM2, TIM21 and TIM22) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.15.2
Low-power Timer (LPTIM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.15.3
Basic timer (TIM6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.15.4
SysTick timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.15.5
Independent watchdog (IWDG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.15.6
Window watchdog (WWDG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
DS10184 Rev 10
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
3.16
Contents
Communication interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.16.1
I2C bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.16.2
Universal synchronous/asynchronous receiver transmitter (USART) . . 31
3.16.3
Low-power universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (LPUART) . . . 31
3.16.4
Serial peripheral interface (SPI)/Inter-integrated sound (I2S) . . . . . . . . 32
3.17
Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) calculation unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.18
Serial wire debug port (SW-DP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4
Pin descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5
Memory mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
6
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
6.1
Parameter conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
6.1.1
Minimum and maximum values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
6.1.2
Typical values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
6.1.3
Typical curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
6.1.4
Loading capacitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
6.1.5
Pin input voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
6.1.6
Power supply scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
6.1.7
Current consumption measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
6.2
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
6.3
Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
6.3.1
General operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
6.3.2
Embedded reset and power control block characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . 52
6.3.3
Embedded internal reference voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
6.3.4
Supply current characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
6.3.5
Wakeup time from low-power mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
6.3.6
External clock source characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
6.3.7
Internal clock source characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
6.3.8
PLL characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.3.9
Memory characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
6.3.10
EMC characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
6.3.11
Electrical sensitivity characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6.3.12
I/O current injection characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.3.13
I/O port characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.3.14
NRST pin characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
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STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
6.3.15
12-bit ADC characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
6.3.16
Temperature sensor characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
6.3.17
Comparators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
6.3.18
Timer characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
6.3.19
Communications interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
7.1
LQFP64 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
7.2
TFBGA64 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
7.3
LQFP48 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7.4
UFQFPN48 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
7.5
Standard WLCSP36 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
7.6
Thin WLCSP36 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
7.7
LQFP32 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
7.8
UFQFPN32 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
7.9
Thermal characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
7.9.1
Reference document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
8
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
9
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
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STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
List of tables
List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 5.
Table 4.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Table 23.
Table 24.
Table 25.
Table 26.
Table 27.
Table 28.
Table 29.
Table 30.
Table 31.
Table 32.
Table 33.
Table 34.
Table 35.
Table 36.
Table 37.
Table 38.
Table 39.
Table 40.
Table 41.
Table 42.
Table 43.
Table 44.
Table 45.
Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Ultra-low-power STM32L051x6/x8 device features and peripheral counts. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Functionalities depending on the operating power supply range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Functionalities depending on the working mode
(from Run/active down to standby) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
CPU frequency range depending on dynamic voltage scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
STM32L0xx peripherals interconnect matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Temperature sensor calibration values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Internal voltage reference measured values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Timer feature comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Comparison of I2C analog and digital filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
STM32L051x6/8 I2C implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
USART implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
SPI/I2S implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Legend/abbreviations used in the pinout table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
STM32L051x6/8 pin definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Alternate function port A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Alternate function port B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Voltage characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Current characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Thermal characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
General operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Embedded reset and power control block characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Embedded internal reference voltage calibration values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Embedded internal reference voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Current consumption in Run mode, code with data processing running from Flash. . . . . . 55
Current consumption in Run mode vs code type,
code with data processing running from Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Current consumption in Run mode, code with data processing running from RAM . . . . . . 57
Current consumption in Run mode vs code type,
code with data processing running from RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Current consumption in Sleep mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Current consumption in Low-power run mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Current consumption in Low-power sleep mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Typical and maximum current consumptions in Stop mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Typical and maximum current consumptions in Standby mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Average current consumption during Wakeup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Peripheral current consumption in Run or Sleep mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Peripheral current consumption in Stop and Standby mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Low-power mode wakeup timings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
High-speed external user clock characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Low-speed external user clock characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
HSE oscillator characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
LSE oscillator characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
16 MHz HSI16 oscillator characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
LSI oscillator characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
MSI oscillator characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
PLL characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
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List of tables
Table 46.
Table 47.
Table 48.
Table 49.
Table 50.
Table 51.
Table 52.
Table 53.
Table 54.
Table 55.
Table 56.
Table 57.
Table 58.
Table 59.
Table 60.
Table 61.
Table 62.
Table 63.
Table 64.
Table 65.
Table 66.
Table 67.
Table 68.
Table 69.
Table 70.
Table 71.
Table 72.
Table 73.
Table 74.
Table 75.
Table 76.
Table 77.
Table 78.
Table 79.
Table 80.
Table 81.
Table 82.
Table 83.
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RAM and hardware registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Flash memory and data EEPROM characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Flash memory and data EEPROM endurance and retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
EMS characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
EMI characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
ESD absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Electrical sensitivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
I/O current injection susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
I/O static characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Output voltage characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
I/O AC characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
NRST pin characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
ADC characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
RAIN max for fADC = 16 MHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
ADC accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Temperature sensor calibration values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Temperature sensor characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Comparator 1 characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Comparator 2 characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
TIMx characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
I2C analog filter characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
SPI characteristics in voltage Range 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
SPI characteristics in voltage Range 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
SPI characteristics in voltage Range 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
I2S characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
LQFP64 - 64-pin, 10 x 10 mm low-profile quad flat
package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
TFBGA64 – 64-ball, 5 x 5 mm, 0.5 mm pitch thin profile fine pitch ball grid
array package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
TFBGA64 recommended PCB design rules (0.5 mm pitch BGA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
LQFP48 - 48-pin, 7 x 7 mm low-profile quad flat package mechanical data. . . . . . . . . . . 108
UFQFPN48 - 48 leads, 7x7 mm, 0.5 mm pitch, ultra thin fine pitch quad flat
package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Standard WLCSP36 - 2.61 x 2.88 mm, 0.4 mm pitch wafer level chip scale
mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Standard WLCSP36 recommended PCB design rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Thin WLCSP36 - 2.61 x 2.88 mm, 0.4 mm pitch wafer level chip scale
package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
WLCSP36 recommended PCB design rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
LQFP32 - 32-pin, 7 x 7 mm low-profile quad flat package mechanical data. . . . . . . . . . . 118
UFQFPN32 - 32-pin, 5x5 mm, 0.5 mm pitch ultra thin fine pitch quad flat
package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Thermal characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
DS10184 Rev 10
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
List of figures
List of figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Figure 32.
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
Figure 35.
Figure 36.
Figure 37.
Figure 38.
Figure 39.
Figure 40.
Figure 41.
STM32L051x6/8 block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Clock tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
STM32L051x6/8 LQFP64 pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
STM32L051x6/8 TFBGA64 ballout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
STM32L051x6/8 LQFP48 pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
STM32L051x6/8 UFQFPN48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
STM32L051x6/8 WLCSP36 ballout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
STM32L051x6/8 LQFP32 pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
STM32L051x6/8 UFQFPN32 pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Pin loading conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Pin input voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Power supply scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Current consumption measurement scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
IDD vs VDD, at TA= 25/55/85/105 °C, Run mode, code running from
Flash memory, Range 2, HSE, 1WS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
IDD vs VDD, at TA= 25/55/85/105 °C, Run mode, code running from
Flash memory, Range 2, HSI16, 1WS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
IDD vs VDD, at TA= 25/55/ 85/105/125 °C, Low-power run mode, code running
from RAM, Range 3, MSI (Range 0) at 64 KHz, 0 WS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
IDD vs VDD, at TA= 25/55/ 85/105/125 °C, Stop mode with RTC enabled
and running on LSE Low drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
IDD vs VDD, at TA= 25/55/85/105/125 °C, Stop mode with RTC disabled,
all clocks OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
High-speed external clock source AC timing diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Low-speed external clock source AC timing diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
HSE oscillator circuit diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Typical application with a 32.768 kHz crystal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
HSI16 minimum and maximum value versus temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
VIH/VIL versus VDD (CMOS I/Os) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
VIH/VIL versus VDD (TTL I/Os) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
I/O AC characteristics definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Recommended NRST pin protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
ADC accuracy characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Typical connection diagram using the ADC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Power supply and reference decoupling (VREF+ not connected to VDDA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Power supply and reference decoupling (VREF+ connected to VDDA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
SPI timing diagram - slave mode and CPHA = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
SPI timing diagram - slave mode and CPHA = 1(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
SPI timing diagram - master mode(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
I2S slave timing diagram (Philips protocol)(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
I2S master timing diagram (Philips protocol)(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
LQFP64 - 64-pin, 10 x 10 mm low-profile quad flat package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
LQFP64 - 64-pin, 10 x 10 mm low-profile quad flat recommended footprint . . . . . . . . . . 102
LQFP64 marking example (package top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
TFBGA64 – 64-ball, 5 x 5 mm, 0.5 mm pitch thin profile fine pitch ball
grid array package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
TFBGA64 – 64-ball, 5 x 5 mm, 0.5 mm pitch, thin profile fine pitch ball
,grid array recommended footprint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
DS10184 Rev 10
7/133
8
List of figures
Figure 42.
Figure 43.
Figure 44.
Figure 45.
Figure 46.
Figure 47.
Figure 48.
Figure 49.
Figure 50.
Figure 51.
Figure 52.
Figure 53.
Figure 54.
Figure 55.
Figure 56.
Figure 57.
Figure 58.
Figure 59.
8/133
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
TFBGA64 marking example (package top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
LQFP48 - 48-pin, 7 x 7 mm low-profile quad flat package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
LQFP48 - 48-pin, 7 x 7 mm low-profile quad flat recommended footprint . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
LQFP48 marking example (package top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
UFQFPN48 - 48 leads, 7x7 mm, 0.5 mm pitch, ultra thin fine pitch quad flat
package outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
UFQFPN48 - 48 leads, 7x7 mm, 0.5 mm pitch, ultra thin fine pitch quad flat
package recommended footprint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Standard WLCSP36 - 2.61 x 2.88 mm, 0.4 mm pitch wafer level chip scale
package outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Standard WLCSP36 - 2.61 x 2.88 mm, 0.4 mm pitch wafer level chip scale
recommended footprint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Standard WLCSP36 marking example (package top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Thin WLCSP36 - 2.61 x 2.88 mm, 0.4 mm pitch wafer level chip scale
package outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Thin WLCSP36 - 2.61 x 2.88 mm, 0.4 mm pitch wafer level chip scale
package recommended footprint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
LQFP32 - 32-pin, 7 x 7 mm low-profile quad flat package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
LQFP32 - 32-pin, 7 x 7 mm low-profile quad flat recommended footprint . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
LQFP32 marking example (package top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
UFQFPN32 - 32-pin, 5x5 mm, 0.5 mm pitch ultra thin fine pitch quad flat
package outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
UFQFPN32 - 32-pin, 5x5 mm, 0.5 mm pitch ultra thin fine pitch quad flat
recommended footprint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
UFQFPN32 marking example (package top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Thermal resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
DS10184 Rev 10
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
1
Introduction
Introduction
The ultra-low-power STM32L051x6/8 are offered in 8 different package types: from 32 pins
to 64 pins. Depending on the device chosen, different sets of peripherals are included, the
description below gives an overview of the complete range of peripherals proposed in this
family.
These features make the ultra-low-power STM32L051x6/8 microcontrollers suitable for a
wide range of applications:
•
Gas/water meters and industrial sensors
•
Healthcare and fitness equipment
•
Remote control and user interface
•
PC peripherals, gaming, GPS equipment
•
Alarm system, wired and wireless sensors, video intercom
This STM32L051x6/8 datasheet should be read in conjunction with the STM32L0x1xx
reference manual (RM0377).
For information on the Arm®(a) Cortex®-M0+ core please refer to the Cortex®-M0+ Technical
Reference Manual, available from the www.arm.com website.
Figure 1 shows the general block diagram of the device family.
a. Arm is a registered trademark of Arm Limited (or its subsidiaries) in the US and/or elsewhere.
DS10184 Rev 10
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32
Description
2
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
Description
The access line ultra-low-power STM32L051x6/8 microcontrollers incorporate the highperformance Arm Cortex-M0+ 32-bit RISC core operating at a 32 MHz frequency, a memory
protection unit (MPU), high-speed embedded memories (64 Kbytes of Flash program
memory, 2 Kbytes of data EEPROM and 8 Kbytes of RAM) plus an extensive range of
enhanced I/Os and peripherals.
The STM32L051x6/8 devices provide high power efficiency for a wide range of
performance. It is achieved with a large choice of internal and external clock sources, an
internal voltage adaptation and several low-power modes.
The STM32L051x6/8 devices offer several analog features, one 12-bit ADC with hardware
oversampling, two ultra-low-power comparators, several timers, one low-power timer
(LPTIM), three general-purpose 16-bit timers and one basic timer, one RTC and one
SysTick which can be used as timebases. They also feature two watchdogs, one watchdog
with independent clock and window capability and one window watchdog based on bus
clock.
Moreover, the STM32L051x6/8 devices embed standard and advanced communication
interfaces: up to two I2C, two SPIs, one I2S, two USARTs, a low-power UART (LPUART), .
The STM32L051x6/8 also include a real-time clock and a set of backup registers that
remain powered in Standby mode.
The ultra-low-power STM32L051x6/8 devices operate from a 1.8 to 3.6 V power supply
(down to 1.65 V at power down) with BOR and from a 1.65 to 3.6 V power supply without
BOR option. They are available in the -40 to +125 °C temperature range. A comprehensive
set of power-saving modes allows the design of low-power applications.
10/133
DS10184 Rev 10
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
2.1
Description
Device overview
Table 2. Ultra-low-power STM32L051x6/x8 device features and peripheral counts
Peripheral
STM32
L051K6
STM32
L051T6
STM32
L051C6
STM32
L051R6
STM32
L051K8
STM32L
051T8
STM32
L051C8
Flash (Kbytes)
32
64
Data EEPROM (Kbytes)
2
2
RAM (Kbytes)
8
8
Generalpurpose
3
3
Basic
1
1
LPTIMER
1
1
1/1/1/1
1/1/1/1
Timers
RTC/SYSTICK/IWDG/
WWDG
SPI/I2S
Communication
interfaces
I2C
3(2)(1)/0
3(2)(1)/
0
4(2)(1)/1
4(2)(1)/1
3(2)(1)/0
3(2)(1)/0
4(2)(1)/1
4(2)(1)/1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
USART
LPUART
GPIOs
Clocks:
HSE/LSE/HSI/MSI/LSI
12-bit synchronized ADC
Number of channels
2
2
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
27(2)
29
37
51(3)
27(2)
29
37
51(3)
0/1/1/1/1
0/1/1/1/
1
0/1/1/1/1
0/1/1/1/
1
1/1/1/1/1
1/1/1/1/1
1
10
1
10
1
10
1
10
1
10
1
16(3)
Comparators
1/1/1/1/1 1/1/1/1/1
1
10
1
16(3)
2
2
Max. CPU frequency
Operating voltage
32 MHz
1.8 V to 3.6 V (down to 1.65 V at power-down) with BOR option
1.65 V to 3.6 V without BOR option
Ambient temperature: –40 to +125 °C
Junction temperature: –40 to +130 °C
Operating temperatures
Packages
STM32
L051R8
LQFP48 LQFP64
LQFP32,
WLCSP
UFQFPN
UFQFPN TFBGA
36
32
64
48
LQFP32,
UFQFPN
32
LQFP48
WLCSP
UFQFPN
36
48
LQFP64
TFBGA
64
1. 2 SPI interfaces are USARTs operating in SPI master mode.
2. LQFP32 has two GPIOs, less than UFQFPN32 (27).
3. TFBGA64 has one GPIO, one ADC input and one capacitive sensing channel less than LQFP64.
DS10184 Rev 10
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32
Description
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
Figure 1. STM32L051x6/8 block diagram
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12/133
DS10184 Rev 10
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
2.2
Description
Ultra-low-power device continuum
The ultra-low-power family offers a large choice of core and features, from 8-bit proprietary
core up to Arm® Cortex®-M4, including Arm® Cortex®-M3 and Arm® Cortex®-M0+. The
STM32Lx series are the best choice to answer your needs in terms of ultra-low-power
features. The STM32 ultra-low-power series are the best solution for applications such as
gaz/water meter, keyboard/mouse or fitness and healthcare application. Several built-in
features like LCD drivers, dual-bank memory, low-power run mode, operational amplifiers,
128-bit AES, DAC, crystal-less USB and many other definitely help you building a highly
cost optimized application by reducing BOM cost. STMicroelectronics, as a reliable and
long-term manufacturer, ensures as much as possible pin-to-pin compatibility between all
STM8Lx and STM32Lx on one hand, and between all STM32Lx and STM32Fx on the other
hand. Thanks to this unprecedented scalability, your legacy application can be upgraded to
respond to the latest market feature and efficiency requirements.
DS10184 Rev 10
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32
Functional overview
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
3
Functional overview
3.1
Low-power modes
The ultra-low-power STM32L051x6/8 support dynamic voltage scaling to optimize its power
consumption in Run mode. The voltage from the internal low-drop regulator that supplies
the logic can be adjusted according to the system’s maximum operating frequency and the
external voltage supply.
There are three power consumption ranges:
•
Range 1 (VDD range limited to 1.71-3.6 V), with the CPU running at up to 32 MHz
•
Range 2 (full VDD range), with a maximum CPU frequency of 16 MHz
•
Range 3 (full VDD range), with a maximum CPU frequency limited to 4.2 MHz
Seven low-power modes are provided to achieve the best compromise between low-power
consumption, short startup time and available wakeup sources:
•
Sleep mode
In Sleep mode, only the CPU is stopped. All peripherals continue to operate and can
wake up the CPU when an interrupt/event occurs. Sleep mode power consumption at
16 MHz is about 1 mA with all peripherals off.
•
Low-power run mode
This mode is achieved with the multispeed internal (MSI) RC oscillator set to the lowspeed clock (max 131 kHz), execution from SRAM or Flash memory, and internal
regulator in low-power mode to minimize the regulator's operating current. In Lowpower run mode, the clock frequency and the number of enabled peripherals are both
limited.
•
Low-power sleep mode
This mode is achieved by entering Sleep mode with the internal voltage regulator in
low-power mode to minimize the regulator’s operating current. In Low-power sleep
mode, both the clock frequency and the number of enabled peripherals are limited; a
typical example would be to have a timer running at 32 kHz.
When wakeup is triggered by an event or an interrupt, the system reverts to the Run
mode with the regulator on.
Stop mode with RTC
The Stop mode achieves the lowest power consumption while retaining the RAM and
register contents and real time clock. All clocks in the VCORE domain are stopped, the
PLL, MSI RC, HSE crystal and HSI RC oscillators are disabled. The LSE or LSI is still
running. The voltage regulator is in the low-power mode.
Some peripherals featuring wakeup capability can enable the HSI RC during Stop
mode to detect their wakeup condition.
The device can be woken up from Stop mode by any of the EXTI line, in 3.5 µs, the
processor can serve the interrupt or resume the code. The EXTI line source can be any
GPIO. It can be the PVD output, the comparator 1 event or comparator 2 event
(if internal reference voltage is on), it can be the RTC alarm/tamper/timestamp/wakeup
events, the USART/I2C/LPUART/LPTIMER wakeup events.
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STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
•
Functional overview
Stop mode without RTC
The Stop mode achieves the lowest power consumption while retaining the RAM and
register contents. All clocks are stopped, the PLL, MSI RC, HSI and LSI RC, HSE and
LSE crystal oscillators are disabled.
Some peripherals featuring wakeup capability can enable the HSI RC during Stop
mode to detect their wakeup condition.
The voltage regulator is in the low-power mode. The device can be woken up from Stop
mode by any of the EXTI line, in 3.5 µs, the processor can serve the interrupt or
resume the code. The EXTI line source can be any GPIO. It can be the PVD output, the
comparator 1 event or comparator 2 event (if internal reference voltage is on). It can
also be wakened by the USART/I2C/LPUART/LPTIMER wakeup events.
•
Standby mode with RTC
The Standby mode is used to achieve the lowest power consumption and real time
clock. The internal voltage regulator is switched off so that the entire VCORE domain is
powered off. The PLL, MSI RC, HSE crystal and HSI RC oscillators are also switched
off. The LSE or LSI is still running. After entering Standby mode, the RAM and register
contents are lost except for registers in the Standby circuitry (wakeup logic, IWDG,
RTC, LSI, LSE Crystal 32 KHz oscillator, RCC_CSR register).
The device exits Standby mode in 60 µs when an external reset (NRST pin), an IWDG
reset, a rising edge on one of the three WKUP pins, RTC alarm (Alarm A or Alarm B),
RTC tamper event, RTC timestamp event or RTC Wakeup event occurs.
•
Standby mode without RTC
The Standby mode is used to achieve the lowest power consumption. The internal
voltage regulator is switched off so that the entire VCORE domain is powered off. The
PLL, MSI RC, HSI and LSI RC, HSE and LSE crystal oscillators are also switched off.
After entering Standby mode, the RAM and register contents are lost except for
registers in the Standby circuitry (wakeup logic, IWDG, RTC, LSI, LSE Crystal 32 KHz
oscillator, RCC_CSR register).
The device exits Standby mode in 60 µs when an external reset (NRST pin) or a rising
edge on one of the three WKUP pin occurs.
Note:
The RTC, the IWDG, and the corresponding clock sources are not stopped automatically by
entering Stop or Standby mode.
Table 3. Functionalities depending on the operating power supply range
Operating power supply range(1)
Functionalities depending on the operating power
supply range
ADC operation
Dynamic voltage scaling
range
VDD = 1.65 to 1.71 V
ADC only, conversion time
up to 570 ksps
Range 2 or
range 3
VDD = 1.71 to 1.8 V(2)
ADC only, conversion time
up to 1.14 Msps
Range 1, range 2 or range 3
VDD = 1.8 to 2.0 V(2)
Conversion time up to 1.14
Msps
Range1, range 2 or range 3
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32
Functional overview
STM32L051x6 STM32L051x8
Table 3. Functionalities depending on the operating power supply range (continued)
Operating power supply range(1)
Functionalities depending on the operating power
supply range
ADC operation
Dynamic voltage scaling
range
VDD = 2.0 to 2.4 V
Conversion time up to 1.14
Msps
Range 1, range 2 or range 3
VDD = 2.4 to 3.6 V
Conversion time up to 1.14
Msps
Range 1, range 2 or range 3
1. GPIO speed depends on VDD voltage. Refer to Table 56: I/O AC characteristics for more information about
I/O speed.
2. CPU frequency changes from initial to final must respect "fcpu initial
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