TL431

TL431 PROGRAMMABLE VOLTAGE REFERENCE s ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE : 2.5 to 36V s SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY : 1 to 100mA s TYPICAL OUTPUT IMPEDANCE : 0.22Ω s 1% AND 2% VOLTAGE PRECISION DESCRIPTION The TL431 is a programmable shunt voltage reference with guaranteed temperature stability over the entire temperature range of operation. The output voltage may be set to any value between 2.5V and 36V with two external resistors. The TL431 operates with a wide current range from 1 to 100mA with a typical dynamic impedance of 0.22Ω. ORDER CODE Part Number TL431C/AC TL431I/AI Temperature Range 0°C, +70°C -40°C, +105°C Package Z • • D • • Z TO92 (Plastic Package) D SO8 (Batwing Plastic Micropackage) Z = TO92 Plastic package - also available in Bulk (Z), Tape & Reel (ZT) and Ammo Pack (AP) D = Small Outline Package (SO) - also available in Tape & Reel (DT) PIN CONNECTIONS (top view) TO92 (Top view) SO8 (Top view) Cathode Anode Reference 1 2 3 8 7 6 5 1- Cathode 2- Anode 3- Anode. 4- N.C. 5- N.C. 6- Anode 7- Anode. 8- Reference 1 2 3 4 March 2002 1/10 TL431 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol VKA Ik Iref pd Tstg Parameter Cathode to Anode Voltage Continuous Cathode Current Range Reference Input Current Range Power Dissipation 1) Storage Temperature Range TO92 SO8 batwing Value 37 -100 to +150 -0.05 to +10 625 960 -65 to +150 Unit V mA mA mW °C 1. Pd is calculated with T amb = +25°C, T j = +150°C and Rthja = 200°C/W for TO92 package = 130°C/W for SO8 batwing package OPERATING CONDITIONS Symbol VKA Ik Toper Parameter Cathode to Anode Voltage Cathode Current Operating Free-air Temperature Range TL431C/AC TL431I/AI Value Vref to 36 1 to 100 0 to +70 -40 to +105 Unit V mA °C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Reference Input Voltage Tamb = 25°C VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Reference Input Voltage Deviation OverTemperature Range - note 1 VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA,Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage - (figure 2) Ik = 10mA ∆VKA = 10V to Vref ∆VKA = 36V to 10V Reference Input Current Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤Tamb ≤Tmax Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature Range Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 =∞ Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VKA = Vref Off-State Cathode Current Dynamic Impedance - note 2 VKA = Vref ,∆ Ik = 1 to100mA, f ≤1kHZ TL431C Min. 2.44 2.423 Typ. 2.495 Max. 2.55 2.567 Min. 2.47 2.453 TL431AC Typ. 2.495 Max. 2.52 2.537 Unit Vref ∆Vref V 3 17 3 15 mV ∆ Vref -----------∆ Vka -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 mV/V Iref 1.8 4 5.2 1.8 4 5.2 µA ∆Iref 0.4 0.5 2.6 0.22 1.2 1 1000 0.5 0.4 0.5 2.6 0.22 1.2 0.6 1000 0.5 µA mA nA Ω Imin Ioff ZKA 1 ) ∆ Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. ∆ Vref = Vref max. - Vref min. V ref max. V ref min. T1 T2 Temperature ∆ V KA 2) The dynamic Impedance is definied as ZKA  = ---------------∆I K 2/10 TL431 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) TL431I Symbol Parameter Min. Vref Reference Input Voltage VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax Reference Input Voltage Deviation OverTemperature Range - note 1 VKA = Vref , Ik =10 mA,Tmin ≤Tamb≤ Tmax Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage Ik = 10mA ∆VKA = 10V to Vref ∆VKA = 36V to 10V Reference Input Current Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤Tamb ≤Tmax Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature Range Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 =∞ Tmin ≤Tamb ≤ Tmax Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation VKA = Vref Off-State Cathode Current Dynamic Impedance note 2 VKA = Vref ,∆ Ik = 1 to100mA, f ≤1kHZ 2.44 2.41 Typ. 2.495 Max. 2.55 2.58 Min. 2.47 2.44 Typ. 2.495 Max. 2.52 2.55 V TL431AI Unit ∆Vref 7 30 7 30 mV ∆ Vref -----------∆ V ka -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 mV/V Iref 1.8 4 6.5 1.8 4 6.5 µA ∆Iref 0.8 0.5 2.6 0.22 2.5 1 1000 0.5 0.8 0.5 2.6 0.22 1.2 0.7 1000 0.5 µA mA nA Ω Imin Ioff ZKA 1 ) ∆ Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. ∆ Vref = Vref max. - Vref min. V ref max. V ref min. T1 T2 Temperature ∆ V KA 2) The dynamic Impedance is definied as ZKA  = ---------------∆I K 3/10 TL431 Figure 1 : Test Circuit for VKA = VREF Figure 2 : Test Circuit for VKA > VREF Input Input R IK=10mA Output R IK Output R1 IREF VKA VKA VREF R2 VREF VKA = VREF ( 1 + R1 ) ------R2 + R1 x IREF Figure 3 : Test Circuit for IOFF Figure 4 : Test Circuit for Phase Margin and Voltage Gain VKA=36V IOFF 10µF IK=10mA 10µF 15kΩ 8.25kΩ Output Input VREF Figure 5 : Block diagram of TL1431 Figure 6 : Test Circuit for Response time Cathode Vref + Vref Anode 1 mA 0 mA IK=1mA 4/10 Output TL431 Reference voltage vs Temperature Reference voltage vs cathode current 100 2.54 Cathode voltage VKA (V) Cathode current IKA (mA) 2.52 VKA = VREF IK = 10 mA 75 50 25 0 -25 -50 TAMB=+25°C 2.50 2.48 2.46 2.44 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -1 0 1 2 3 Temperature (°C) Cathode voltage VKA (V) Reference voltage vs cathode current Reference current vs temperature 2 2.0 Reference current IREF (µA) Cathode current IKA (mA) 1 TAMB = +25°C 1.5 IK=10 mA R1=10kΩ R2= + ∝ 0 1.0 -1 0.5 -2 -1 0 1 Cathode voltage VKA (V) 2 3 0.0 − 40 − 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature °C Off-state cathode current vs temperature Ratio of change in VREF to change in VKA vs Temperature 2.0 0.0 VKA = 36 V VREF = 0 V Off-state current IOFF (µA) 1.5 ∆VREF / ∆VKA (mV / V) -0.5 IK = 10 mA 1.0 -1.0 0.5 -1.5 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -2.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) 5/10 TL431 Static impedance RKA vs Temperature 0.30 Minimum operating current vs temperature 0.6 0.28 VKA=VREF TAMB=+25°C Minimum cathode current IMIN (mA) Static impedance RKA (Ω) 0.4 0.26 0.24 0.2 VKA = VREF 0.22 0.20 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Gain & Phase vs Frequency Stability behaviour with capacitive loads 100 60 Gain 40 IK=10 mA See figure 4 200 Cathode current (mA) 150 100 VKA=VREF 80 VKA=5 V 60 VKA=12 V Instable Area Gain (dB) 20 Phase 50 Phase (°) 0 0 -50 -100 -20 -150 -40 1 10 100 Frequency (kHz) 1000 -200 10000 40 20 VKA=24 V 0 1E-10 1E-9 1E-8 1E-7 1E-6 1E-5 Capacitive load (Farad) Maximum Power dissipation Pulse response for IK=1mA 6 100 SO8 Batwing 80 Input and Output voltage (V) TAMB= +25°C Cathode current (mA) Input 4 Output 60 TO92 40 Safe Area VKA=VREF TAMB=+25°C 2 20 0 10 20 Cathode voltage (V) 30 0 0 2 4 Time (µs) 6 8 10 6/10 TL431 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 8 PINS - BATWING PLASTIC MICROPACKAGE (SO) L C a3 c1 a2 A s e3 E D M 8 5 F 1 4 Millimeters Dim. Min. A a1 a2 a3 b b1 C c1 D E e e3 F L M S 0.1 0.65 0.35 0.19 0.25 4.8 5.8 1.27 3.81 3.8 0.4 4.0 1.27 0.6 8° (max.) 0.150 0.016 Typ. Max. 1.75 0.25 1.65 0.85 0.48 0.25 0.5 45° (typ.) 5.0 6.2 0.189 0.228 Min. 0.004 0.026 0.014 0.007 0.010 a1 b Inches Typ. Max. 0.069 0.010 0.065 0.033 0.019 0.010 0.020 0.197 0.244 0.050 0.150 0.157 0.050 0.024 b1 7/10 TL431 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 3 PINS - PLASTIC PACKAGE TO92 (TAPE & REEL) A1 P P T H d H1 H0 H I1 W2 W0 D0 F1 F2 P2 P0 W1 W L1 Millimeters Dim. Min AL A T d I1 P PO P2 F1/F2 ∆h ∆P W W0 W1 W2 H H0 H1 DO L1 Typ. Max. 5.0 5.0 4.0 0.45 2.5 11.7 12.4 5.95 2.4 -1 -1 17.5 5.7 8.5 12.7 12.7 6.35 2.5 0 0 18.0 6 9 13.7 13 6.75 2.8 1 1 19.0 6.3 9.75 0.5 20 16.5 25 4.2 11 0.098 0.461 0.488 0.234 0.094 -0.039 -0.039 0.689 0.224 0.335 Min. A Inches Typ. Max. 0.197 0.197 0.157 0.018 0.500 0.500 0.250 0.098 0 0 0.709 0.236 0.354 0.539 0.512 0.266 0.110 0.039 0.039 0.748 0.248 0.384 0.020 0.787 0.650 0.984 0.165 0.433 15.5 3.8 16 4.0 0.610 0.150 0.630 0.157 8/10 TL431 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 3 PINS - PLASTIC PACKAGE TO92 (TAPE AMMO PACK) A1 P P T H d H1 H0 H I1 W2 W0 D0 F1 F2 P2 P0 W1 W L1 Millimeters Dim. Min AL A T d I1 P PO P2 F1/F2 ∆h ∆P W W0 W1 W2 H H0 H1 DO L1 Typ. Max. 5.0 5.0 4.0 0.45 2.5 11.7 12.4 5.95 2.4 -1 -1 17.5 5.7 8.5 12.7 12.7 6.35 2.5 0 0 18.0 6 9 13.7 13 6.75 2.8 1 1 19.0 6.3 9.75 0.5 20 16.5 25 4.2 11 0.098 0.461 0.488 0.234 0.094 -0.039 -0.039 0.689 0.224 0.335 Min. A Inches Typ. Max. 0.197 0.197 0.157 0.018 0.500 0.500 0.250 0.098 0 0 0.709 0.236 0.354 0.539 0.512 0.266 0.110 0.039 0.039 0.748 0.248 0.384 0.020 0.787 0.650 0.984 0.165 0.433 15.5 3.8 16 4.0 0.610 0.150 0.630 0.157 9/10 TL431 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA 3 PINS - PLASTIC PACKAGE TO92 (BULK) Millimeters Dim. Min L B O1 C K O2 a 3.2 4.45 4.58 12.7 0.407 0.35 Typ. 1.27 3.7 5.00 5.03 0.5 Max. 4.2 5.2 5.33 0.508 Min. 0.126 0.1752 0.1803 0.5 0.016 0.0138 Inches Typ. 0.05 0.1457 0.1969 0.198 0.0197 Max. 0.1654 0.2047 0.2098 0.02 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. 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