TL431IYD

TL431 Programmable voltage reference Features ■ ■ ■ ■ Adjustable output voltage: 2.5 to 36 V Sink current capability: 1 to 100 mA Typical output impedance: 0.22 Ω 1% and 2% voltage precision Z TO-92 (Plastic package) Description The TL431 is a programmable shunt voltage reference with guaranteed temperature stability over the entire operating temperature range. The output voltage may be set to any value between 2.5 V and 36 V with two external resistors. The TL431 operates with a wide current range from 1 to 100 mA with a typical dynamic impedance of 0.22 Ω. D SO-8 (Batwing plastic micropackage) March 2008 Rev 5 1/15 www.st.com 15 Schematic diagrams TL431 1 Schematic diagrams Figure 1. TO-92 pin connections (top view) Cathode Anode Reference 1 2 3 Figure 2. SO-8 batwing pin connections (top view) 8 7 6 5 1 - Cathode 2 - Anode 3 - Anode 4 - N.C. 5 - N.C. 6 - Anode 7 - Anode 8 - Reference 1 2 3 4 Figure 3. TL431 block diagram Cathode Vref + Vref Anode 2/15 TL431 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions 2 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions Table 1. Symbol VKA Ik Iref Pdiss Tstg Absolute maximum ratings Parameter Cathode to anode voltage Continuous cathode current range Reference input current range Power dissipation (1) TO-92 SO-8 batwing Storage temperature range HBM: human body model (2) Value 37 -100 to +150 -0.05 to +10 Unit V mA mA mW °C 625 960 -65 to +150 2000 200 1500 ESD MM: machine model (3) CDM: charged device model (4) V 1. Pdiss is calculated with Tamb = +25° C, Tj = +150° C and Rthja = 200° C/W for TO-92 package Rthja = 130° C/W for SO-8 batwing package 2. Human body model: A 100 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor between two pins of the device. This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 3. Machine model: A 200 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between two pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 Ω). This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 4. Charged device model: all pins and the package are charged together to the specified voltage and then discharged directly to the ground through only one pin. This is done for all pins. Table 2. Symbol VKA Ik Toper Operating conditions Parameter Cathode to anode voltage Cathode current Operating free-air temperature range TL431C/AC TL431I/AI Value Vref to 36 1 to 100 0 to +70 -40 to +105 Unit V mA °C 3/15 Electrical characteristics TL431 3 Table 3. Symbol Electrical characteristics Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) TL431C Parameter Min. Reference input voltage VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA, Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range (1) VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Ratio of change in reference input voltage to change in cathode to anode voltage Ik = 10mA - ΔVKA = 10V to Vref ΔVKA = 36V to 10V Reference input current Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ R2 = ∞ , Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Reference input current deviation over temperature range , Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ R2 =∞ Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Minimum cathode current for regulation VKA = Vref Off-state cathode current Dynamic impedance VKA = Vref , Δ Ik = 1 to100mA, f ≤ 1kHZ (2) TL431AC Unit Max. Min. Typ. Max. Typ. Vref 2.44 2.495 2.55 2.47 2.495 2.52 2.423 2.567 2.453 2.537 V ΔVref mV 3 17 3 15 Δ Vref -----------Δ Vka -2.7 -2 -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 -1.4 -1 mV/V Iref 1.8 4 5.2 1.8 4 5.2 µA ΔIref µA 0.4 0.5 2.6 0.22 1.2 1 1000 0.5 0.4 0.5 2.6 0.22 1.2 0.6 1000 0.5 mA nA Ω Imin Ioff ⏐ ZKA⏐ 1. See definition of Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range. Δ V KA 2. The dynamic impedance is defined as | ZKA| = --------------- ΔI k 4/15 TL431 Table 4. Symbol Electrical characteristics Tamb = 25°C (unless otherwise specified) TL431I Parameter Min. Reference input voltage VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA, Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range (1) VKA = Vref , Ik =10 mA, Tmin≤ Tamb≤ Tmax Ratio of change in reference input voltage to change in cathode to anode voltage Ik = 10mA, ΔVKA = 10V to Vref ΔVKA = 36V to 10V Reference input current , Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ R2 = ∞ Tamb = 25°C Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤Tmax Reference input current deviation over temperature range , Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ R2 = ∞ Tmin ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax Minimum cathode current for regulation VKA = Vref Off-state cathode current Dynamic impedance VKA = Vref , Δ Ik = 1 to100mA, f ≤ 1kHZ (2) TL431AI Unit Max. Min. Typ. Max. Typ. Vref 2.44 2.495 2.55 2.41 2.58 2.47 2.495 2.52 2.44 2.55 V ΔVref 7 30 7 30 mV Δ Vref -----------Δ Vka -2.7 -2 -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 -1.4 -1 mV/V Iref 1.8 4 6.5 1.8 4 6.5 µA ΔIref 0.8 0.5 2.6 0.22 2.5 1 1000 0.5 0.8 0.5 2.6 0.22 1.2 0.7 1000 0.5 µA mA nA Ω Imin Ioff ⏐ ZKA⏐ 1. See definition of Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range below. Δ V KA 2. The dynamic impedance is defined as | ZKA| = --------------- ΔI k Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range ΔVref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. ΔVref = Vref max - Vref min Figure 4. Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range V ref max. V ref min. T1 T2 Temperature 5/15 Electrical characteristics TL431 Figure 5. Test circuit for VKA = Vref Figure 6. Input Test circuit for programming mode R IK Output Input R IK=10mA Output R1 IREF VKA VKA VREF R2 VREF R1 VKA = VREF ( 1 + ------- ) + R1 x IREF R2 Figure 7. Test circuit for Ioff Figure 8. Test circuit for phase margin and voltage gain 10μF IK=10mA VKA=36V IOFF 10μF 15kΩ 8.25kΩ Output Input VREF Figure 9. Test circuit for response time IK=1mA 1 mA 0 mA 6/15 Output TL431 Electrical characteristics Figure 10. Reference voltage vs. temperature Figure 11. Reference voltage vs. cathode current 100 2.54 Cathode voltage VKA (V) Cathode current IKA (mA) 2.52 VKA = VREF IK = 10 mA 75 50 25 0 -25 -50 TAMB=+25°C 2.50 2.48 2.46 2.44 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -1 0 1 2 3 Temperature (°C) Cathode voltage VKA (V) Figure 12. Reference voltage vs. cathode current 2 Figure 13. Reference current vs. temperature 2.0 Reference current IREF (μA) Cathode current IKA (mA) 1 TAMB = +25°C 1.5 IK=10 mA R1=10kΩ R2= + ∝ 0 1.0 -1 0.5 -2 -1 0 1 Cathode voltage VKA (V) 2 3 0.0 − 40 − 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature °C Figure 14. Off-state cathode current vs. temperature 2.0 Figure 15. Ratio of change in Vref to change in VKA vs. temperature 0.0 Off-state current IOFF (μA) 1.5 ΔVREF / ΔVKA (mV / V) VKA = 36 V VREF = 0 V -0.5 IK = 10 mA 1.0 -1.0 0.5 -1.5 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -2.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) 7/15 Electrical characteristics TL431 Figure 16. Static impedance RKA vs. temperature 0.30 Figure 17. Minimum operating current vs. temperature 0.6 0.28 VKA=VREF TAMB=+25°C Minimum cathode current IMIN (mA) Static impedance RKA (Ω) 0.4 0.26 0.24 0.2 VKA = VREF 0.22 0.20 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 18. Gain and phase vs. frequency Figure 19. Stability behavior with capacitive loads 100 VKA=VREF Cathode current (mA) 60 Gain 40 IK=10 mA See figure 4 200 150 80 VKA=5 V 60 VKA=12 V Instable Area 100 Gain (dB) 20 Phase 50 Phase (°) 0 0 -50 -100 -20 -150 -40 1 10 100 Frequency (kHz) 1000 -200 10000 40 20 VKA=24 V 0 1E-10 1E-9 1E-8 1E-7 1E-6 1E-5 Capacitive load (Farad) Figure 20. Maximum power dissipation 100 SO8 Batwing Figure 21. Pulse response for Ik = 1 mA 6 Input and Output voltage (V) TAMB= +25°C Cathode current (mA) Input 80 4 Output 60 TO92 40 Safe Area VKA=VREF TAMB=+25°C 2 20 0 0 10 20 Cathode voltage (V) 30 0 2 4 Time (μs) 6 8 10 8/15 TL431 Package information 4 Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, STMicroelectronics offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an STMicroelectronics trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. 9/15 Package information TL431 4.1 SO-8 package information Figure 22. SO-8 package mechanical drawing Table 5. SO-8 package mechanical data Dimensions Ref. Min. Millimeters Typ. Max. Min. Inches Typ. Max. A A1 A2 b c D E E1 e h L k ccc 0.25 0.40 1° 0.10 1.25 0.28 0.17 4.80 5.80 3.80 4.90 6.00 3.90 1.27 1.75 0.25 0.004 0.049 0.48 0.23 5.00 6.20 4.00 0.011 0.007 0.189 0.228 0.150 0.193 0.236 0.154 0.050 0.50 1.27 8° 0.10 0.010 0.016 1° 0.069 0.010 0.019 0.010 0.197 0.244 0.157 0.020 0.050 8° 0.004 10/15 TL431 Package information 4.2 TO-92 ammopack and tape and reel package information Figure 23. TO-92 ammopack and tape and reel package mechanical drawing A1 P P T H d A H1 H0 H I1 W2 W1 W W0 L1 D0 F1 F2 P2 P0 Table 6. Dim. TO-92 ammopack and tape and reel package mechanical data Millimeters Min Typ. Max. Min. Inches Typ. Max. AL A T d I1 P PO P2 F1/F2 Δh ΔP 5.0 5.0 4.0 0.45 2.5 11.7 12.4 5.95 2.4 -1 -1 17.5 5.7 8.5 12.7 12.7 6.35 2.5 0 0 18.0 6 9 13.7 13 6.75 2.8 1 1 19.0 6.3 9.75 0.5 20 15.5 16 16.5 25 3.8 4.0 4.2 11 0.150 0.157 0.610 0.630 0.098 0.461 0.488 0.234 0.094 -0.039 -0.039 0.689 0.224 0.335 0.500 0.500 0.250 0.098 0 0 0.709 0.236 0.354 0.018 0.197 0.197 0.157 0.539 0.512 0.266 0.110 0.039 0.039 0.748 0.248 0.384 0.020 0.787 0.650 0.984 0.165 0.433 W W0 W1 W2 H H0 H1 DO L1 11/15 Package information TL431 4.3 TO-92 (bulk) package information Figure 24. TO-92 bulk package mechanical drawing Table 7. Dim. TO-92 bulk package mechanical data Millimeters Min Typ. Max. Min. Inches Typ. Max. L B O1 C K O2 a 3.2 4.45 4.58 12.7 0.407 0.35 1.27 3.7 5.00 5.03 4.2 5.2 5.33 0.126 0.1752 0.1803 0.5 0.5 0.508 0.016 0.0138 0.05 0.1457 0.1969 0.198 0.1654 0.2047 0.2098 0.0197 0.02 12/15 TL431 Ordering information 5 Table 8. Ordering information Order codes Temperature range Package Packing Marking Order code TL431CD TL431CDT SO-8 TL431ACD TL431ACDT TL431CZ TL431CZT TL431CZ-AP TL431ACZ TL431ACZT TL431ACZ-AP TL431ID TL431IDT SO-8 TL431AID TL431AIDT TL431IZ TL431IZT TL431IZ-AP -40°C to + 105°C TL431AIZ TL431AIZT TL431AIZ-AP TL431IYD(1) TL431IYDT(1) TL431AIYD(1) TL431AIYDT(1) SO-8 (automotive grade level) TO-92 0°C to +70°C 431C Tube or Tape and reel 431AC TL431C TO-92 Bulk or Tape or Ammopack TL431AC 431I Tube or tape and reel 431AI TL431I Bulk or Tape or Ammopack TL431AI 431IY Tube or tape and reel 431AIY 1. Qualification and characterization according to AEC Q100 and Q003 or equivalent, advanced screening according to AEC Q001 & Q 002 or equivalent are on-going. 13/15 Revision history TL431 6 Table 9. Date Revision history Document revision history Revision Changes 01-Mar-2002 01-Nov-2005 13-Dec-2006 1 2 3 Initial release. PPAP references inserted in order codes table on cover page. Corrected TO-92 package information. Specified that SO-8 package is batwing package. In electrical characteristics tables, moved negative values from max column to min column. Corrected captions of Figure 5 and of Figure 16. Added footnote to Table 8: Order codes. Corrected SO-8 package mechanical data. Corrected footnote for automotive grade order codes in order code table. Corrected packing information for TO-92 devices in order code table. 08-Jun-2007 4 25-Feb-2008 5 14/15 TL431 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale. 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