VIPER26HD

VIPER26 Fixed frequency VIPerTM plus family Features ■ ■ ■ 800 V avalanche rugged power section PWM operation with frequency jittering for low EMI Operating frequency: – 60 kHz for L type – 115 kHz for H type Standby power < 50 mW at 265 VAC Limiting current with adjustable set point On-board soft-start Safe auto-restart after a fault condition Hysteretic thermal shutdown SO16 narrow SO-16 DIP-7 Description The device is an off-line converter with an 800 V avalanche ruggedness power section, a PWM controller, user defined overcurrent limit, protection against feedback network disconnection, hysteretic thermal protection, soft start up and safe auto restart after any fault condition. Advance frequency jittering reduces EMI filter cost. Burst mode operation and the devices very low consumption both help to meet the standard set by energy saving regulations. Figure 1. Typical topology (VOUT ≤VDDCSon) DC Input Voltage DC Output Voltage ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Application ■ ■ ■ ■ Auxiliary power supply for appliances Power metering LED drivers SMPS for set-top boxes, DVD players and recorders - DRAIN COMP VIPER26 GND VDD LIM FB Table 1. Device summary Order codes VIPER26LN DIP-7 VIPER26HN VIPER26HD VIPER26HDTR SO16 narrow VIPER26LD VIPER26LDTR Tube Tape and reel Tube Tape and reel Tube Package Packaging September 2010 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 1/25 www.st.com 25 Contents VIPER26 Contents 1 2 3 4 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Typical power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Pin settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Electrical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4.1 4.2 4.3 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 2/25 Typical electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Typical circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 High voltage current generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Soft start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Adjustable current limit set point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 FB pin and COMP pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Burst mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Automatic auto restart after overload or short-circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Open loop failure protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Block diagram 1 Block diagram Figure 2. Block diagram 2 Typical power Table 2. Typical power 230 VAC Part number VIPER26 Adapter(1) 18 W Open frame(2) 20 W Adapter(1) 10 W 85-265 VAC Open frame(2) 12 W 1. Typical continuous power in non ventilated enclosed adapter measured at 50 ° C ambient. 2. Maximum practical continuous power in an open frame design at 50 ° C ambient, with adequate heat sinking. Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 3/25 Pin settings VIPER26 3 Pin settings Figure 3. Connection diagram (top view) Note: The copper area for heat dissipation has to be designed under the DRAIN pins. Table 3. Pin n. Name DIP-7 SO16 1 2 1-2 4 5 GND N.A. VDD Connected to the source of the internal power MOSFET and controller ground reference. Not available for user. It can be connected to GND (pins 1-2) or left not connected. Supply voltage of the control section. This pin provides the charging current of the external capacitor. This pin allows setting the drain current limitation. The limit can be reduced by connecting an external resistor between this pin and GND. Pin left open if default drain current limitation is used. Inverting input of the internal trans conductance error amplifier. Connecting the converter output to this pin through a single resistor results in an output voltage equal to the error amplifier reference voltage (See VFB_REF on Table 7). An external resistors divider is required for higher output voltages. Function Pin description 3 6 LIM 4 7 FB 5 8 Output of the internal trans conductance error amplifier. The compensation network have to be placed between this pin and GND to achieve stability and good dynamic performance of the voltage control loop. The pin is used also COMP to directly control the PWM with an optocoupler. The linear voltage range extends from VCOMPL to VCOMPH (Table 7). 7,8 High voltage drain pin. The built-in high voltage switched start-up bias 13-16 DRAIN current is drawn from this pin too. Pins connected to the metal frame to facilitate heat dissipation. 4/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Electrical data 4 4.1 Electrical data Maximum ratings Table 4. Symbol VDRAIN EAV IAR IDRAIN VCOMP VFB VLIM VDD IDD PTOT TJ TSTG Absolute maximum ratings Pin (DIP-7) 7, 8 7, 8 7, 8 7, 8 5 4 3 2 2 Value Parameter Min Drain-to-source (ground) voltage Repetitive avalanche energy (limited by TJ = 150 °C) Repetitive avalanche current (limited by TJ = 150 °C) Pulse drain current (limited by TJ = 150 °C) Input pin voltage Input pin voltage Input pin voltage Supply voltage Input current Power dissipation at TA < 40 °C (DIP-7) Power dissipation at TA < 60 °C (SO16N) Operating junction temperature range Storage temperature -40 -55 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 Max 800 5 1.5 3 3.5 4.8 2.4 Self limited 20 1 1.5 150 150 V mJ A A V V V V mA W W °C °C Unit 4.2 Thermal data Table 5. Symbol Thermal data Max value Parameter SO16N DIP-7 35 100 80 ° C/W ° C/W ° C/W Thermal resistance junction pin (Dissipated power = 1 W) Thermal resistance junction ambient (Dissipated power = 1 W) Thermal resistance junction ambient (1) (Dissipated power = 1 W) Unit RthJP RthJA RthJA 25 60 50 1. When mounted on a standard single side FR4 board with 100 mm2 (0.155 sq in) of Cu (35 µm thick) Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 5/25 Electrical data VIPER26 4.3 Table 6. Symbol VBVDSS IOFF RDS(on) COSS Electrical characteristics (TJ = -25 to 125 °C, VDD = 14 V (a); unless otherwise specified) Power section Parameter Break-down voltage OFF state drain current Drain-source on state resistance Effective (energy related) output capacitance Test condition IDRAIN = 1 mA, VCOMP = GND, TJ = 25 °C Min 800 60 7 14 40 Typ Max Unit V µA Ω Ω pF VDRAIN = max rating, VCOMP = GND IDRAIN = 0.2 A, TJ = 25 °C IDRAIN = 0.2 A, TJ = 125 °C VDRAIN = 0 to 640 V Table 7. Symbol Voltage VDRAIN_START Supply section Parameter Test condition Min Typ Max Unit Drain-source start voltage Charging current during the start up Charging current during the autorestart Operating voltage range VDD clamp voltage VDD start up threshold VDD on internal high voltage current generator threshold VDD under voltage shutdown threshold IDD = 15 mA VDRAIN = 100 V to 640 V, VDD = 4 V VDRAIN = 100 V to 640 V, VDD = 9 V falling edge 60 -0.6 -7 11.5 23.5 12 9.5 7 80 100 -1.8 -13 23.5 V mA mA V V IDDch1 IDDch2 VDD VDDclamp VDDon VDDCSon VDDoff Current IDD0 13 10.5 8 14 11.5 9 V V V Operating supply current, not switching Operating supply current, switching Operating supply current with VDD < VDDoff Open loop failure current threshold FOSC = 0 kHz, VCOMP = GND 0.6 2.5 3.5 0.35 4 mA mA mA mA mA VDRAIN = 120 V, IDD1 FSW = 60 kHz VDRAIN = 120 V, FSW = 115 kHz VDD < VDDoff VDD = VDDclamp VCOMP = 3.3 V, IDDoff IDDol a. Adjust VDD above VDDon startup threshold before setting to 14 V 6/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Electrical data Table 8. Symbol Controller section Parameter Test condition Min Typ Max Unit Error amplifier VREF_FB IFB_PULL UP GM FB reference voltage Current pull up Trans conductance 3.2 3.3 -1 2 3.4 V µA mA/V Current setting (LIM) pin VLIM_LOW Low level clamp voltage ILIM = -100 µA 0.5 V Compensation (COMP) pin VCOMPH VCOMPL Upper saturation limit Burst mode threshold TJ = 25 °C TJ = 25 °C TJ = 25 °C 1 3 1.1 40 3 VFB = GND VFB > 100 mV VCOMP = GND, VFB = GND 15 150 220 1.2 V V mV V/A VCOMPL_HYS Burst mode hysteresis HCOMP ∆VCOMP / ∆IDRAIN RCOMP(DYN) Dynamic resistance Source / sink current ICOMP Max source current kΩ µA µA Current limitation IDlim tSS TON_MIN IDlim_bm Overload tOVL tRESTART Overload time Restart time after fault 50 1 ms s Drain current limitation Soft-start time Minimum turn ON time Burst mode current limitation VCOMP = VCOMPL 145 ILIM = -10 µA, VCOMP = 3.3 V, TJ = 25 °C 0.66 0.7 0.74 8.5 480 A ms ns mA Oscillator section VIPER26L FOSC Switching frequency VIPER26H Modulation depth Modulation frequency Maximum duty cycle 70 FOSC = 60 kHz FOSC = 115 kHz 103 115 127 ±4 ±8 230 80 kHz kHz kHz Hz % 54 60 66 kHz FD FM DMAX Thermal shutdown TSD THYST Thermal shutdown temperature Thermal shutdown hysteresis 150 160 30 °C °C Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 7/25 Typical electrical characteristics VIPER26 5 Figure 4. Typical electrical characteristics IDlim vs TJ Figure 5. FOSC vs TJ Figure 6. VDRAIN_START vs TJ Figure 7. HCOMP vs TJ Figure 8. GM vs TJ Figure 9. VREF_FB vs TJ 8/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Typical electrical characteristics Figure 10. ICOMP vs TJ Figure 11. Operating supply current (no switching) vs TJ Figure 12. Operating supply current (switching) vs TJ Figure 13. IDlim vs RLIM Figure 14. Power MOSFET on-resistance vs TJ Figure 15. Power MOSFET break down voltage vs TJ Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 9/25 Typical circuits Figure 16. Thermal shutdown VDD VDDon VDDCSon VDDoff VIPER26 IDRAIN time TJ TSD TSD - THYST time time Normal operation Shut down after over temperature Normal operation 6 Typical circuits Figure 17. Buck converter (VOUT>VDDCSon) 10/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Figure 18. Fly-back converter (isolated) Typical circuits Figure 19. Flyback converter (primary regulation) Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 11/25 Typical circuits Figure 20. Flyback converter (non isolated, VOUTmVDDCSon) VIPER26 Figure 21. Flyback converter (non isolated, VOUT[VDDCSon) 12/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Power section 7 Power section The power section is implemented with an n-channel power MOSFET with a breakdown voltage of 800 V min. and a typical RDS(on) of 7 Ω It includes a SenseFET structure to allow . a virtually lossless current sensing and the thermal sensor. The gate driver of the power MOSFET is designed to supply a controlled gate current during both turn-ON and turn-OFF in order to minimize common mode EMI. During UVLO conditions, an internal pull-down circuit holds the gate low in order to ensure that the power MOSFET cannot be turned ON accidentally. 8 High voltage current generator The high voltage current generator is supplied by the DRAIN pin. At the first start up of the converter, it is enabled when the voltage across the input bulk capacitor reaches the VDRAIN_START threshold, sourcing the IDDch1 current (see Table 7 on page 6); as the VDD voltage reaches the VDDon start-up threshold, the power section starts switching and the high voltage current generator is turned OFF. The VIPer26 is powered by the external source. After the start-up, the auxiliary winding or the diode connected to the output voltage have to power the VDD capacitor with voltage higher than VDDCSon threshold (see Table 7 on page 6). During the switching, the internal current source is disabled and the consumptions are minimized. In case of fault the switching is stopped and the device is self biased by the internal high voltage current source; it is activated between the levels VDDCSon and VDDon delivering the current IDDch2 to the VDD capacitor during the MOSFET off time, see Figure 22 on page 13. At converter power-down, the VDD voltage drops and the converter activity stops as it falls below VDDoff threshold (see Table 7 on page 6). Figure 22. Power on and power off VIN VDRAIN_START VIN < VDRAIN_START HV startup is no more activated VDD VDDon VDDCSon VDDoff regulation is lost here time VDRAIN time IDD IDDch2 IDDch1 Power-on Normal operation Power-off time time Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 13/25 Oscillator VIPER26 9 Oscillator The switching frequency is internally fixed at 60 kHz (VIPER26LN or LD) or 115 kHz (VIPER26HN or HD). In both cases the switching frequency is modulated by approximately ±4 kHz (60 kHz version) or ±8 kHz (115 kHz version) at 230 Hz (typical) rate, so that the resulting spreadspectrum action distributes the energy of each harmonic of the switching frequency over a number of sideband harmonics having the same energy on the whole but smaller amplitudes. 10 Soft start-up During the converters' start-up phase, the soft-start function progressively increases the cycle-by-cycle drain current limit, up to the default value IDlim. By this way the drain current is further limited and the output voltage is progressively increased reducing the stress on the secondary diode. The soft-start time is internally fixed to tSS, see typical value on Table 8 on page 7, and the function is activated for any attempt of converter start-up and after a fault event. This function helps prevent transformers' saturation during start-up and short-circuit. 11 Adjustable current limit set point The VIPer26 includes a current mode PWM controller: cycle by cycle the drain current is sensed through the integrated resistor RSENSE and the voltage is applied to the non inverting input of the PWM comparator, see Figure 2 on page 3. As soon as the sensed voltage is equal to the voltage derived from the COMP pin, the power MOSFET is switched OFF. In parallel with the PWM operations, the comparator OCP, see Figure 2 on page 3, checks the level of the drain current and switch OFF the power MOSFET in case the current is higher than the threshold IDlim, see Table 8 on page 7. The level of the drain current limit, IDlim, can be reduced depending from the sunk current from the pin LIM. The resistor RLIM, between LIM and GND pins, fixes the current sunk and than the level of the current limit, IDlim, see Figure 13 on page 9. When the LIM pin is left open or if the RLIM has an high value (i.e. > 80 kΩ) the current limit is fixed to its default value, IDlim, as reported on Table 8 on page 7. 14/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 FB pin and COMP pin 12 FB pin and COMP pin The device can be used both in non-isolated and in isolated topology. In case of nonisolated topology, the feedback signal from the output voltage is applied directly to the FB pin as inverting input of the internal error amplifier having the reference voltage, VREF_FB, see the Table 8 on page 7. The output of the error amplifier sources and sinks the current, ICOMP, respectively to and from the compensation network connected on the COMP pin. This signal is then compared, in the PWM comparator, with the signal coming from the SenseFET; the power MOSFET is switched off when the two values are the same on cycle by cycle basis. See the Figure 2 on page 3 and the Figure 23 on page 15. When the power supply output voltage is equal to the error amplifier reference voltage, VREF_FB, a single resistor has to be connected from the output to the FB pin. For higher output voltages the external resistor divider is needed. If the voltage on FB pin is accidentally left floating, an internal pull-up protects the controller. The output of the error amplifier is externally accessible through the COMP pin and it’s used for the loop compensation: usually an RC network. As reported on Figure 23 on page 15, in case of isolated power supply, the internal error amplifier has to be disabled (FB pin shorted to GND). In this case an internal resistor is connected between an internal reference voltage and the COMP pin, see the Figure 23 on page 15. The current loop has to be closed on the COMP pin through the opto-transistor in parallel with the compensation network. The VCOMP dynamics ranges is between VCOMPL and VCOMPH as reported on Figure 24 on page 16. When the voltage VCOMP drops below the voltage threshold VCOMPL, the converter enters burst mode, see Section 13 on page 16. When the voltage VCOMP rises above the VCOMPH threshold, the peak drain current will reach its limit, as well as the deliverable output power Figure 23. Feedback circuit Without Isolation: switch open & E/A enabled With Isolation: switch closed & E/A disabled VREF RCOMP VCOMPL + - PWM stop VOUT FB SW BUS from RSENSE E/A Isolation RL No Isolation Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 + + nR - RH VREF_FB - to PWM R COMP 15/25 Burst mode VIPER26 Figure 24. COMP pin voltage versus IDLIM 13 Burst mode When the voltage VCOMP drops below the threshold, VCOMPL, the power MOSFET is kept in OFF state and the consumption is reduced to IDD0 current, as reported on Table 7 on page 6. As reaction at the energy delivery stop, the VCOMP voltage increases and as soon as it exceeds the threshold VCOMPL + VCOMPL_HYS, the converter starts switching again with consumption level equal to IDD1 current. This ON-OFF operation mode, referred to as “burst mode” and reported on Figure 25 on page 16, reduces the average frequency, which can go down even to a few hundreds hertz, thus minimizing all frequency-related losses and making it easier to comply with energy saving regulations. During the burst mode, the drain current limit is reduced to the value IDlim_bm (reported on Table 8 on page 7) in order to avoid the audible noise issue. Figure 25. Load-dependent operating modes: timing diagrams VCOMP VCOMPL +VCOMPL_HYS VCOMPL time IDD IDD1 IDD0 IDRAIN IDlim_bm time time Burst Mode 16/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Automatic auto restart after overload or short-circuit 14 Automatic auto restart after overload or short-circuit The overload protection is implemented in automatic way using the integrated up-down counter. Every cycle, it is incremented or decremented depending if the current logic detects the limit condition or not. The limit condition is the peak drain current, IDlim , reported on Table 8 on page 7 or the one set by the user through the RLIM resistor, as reported in Figure 13 on page 9. After the reset of the counter, if the peak drain current is continuously equal to the level IDlim, the counter will be incremented till the fixed time, tOVL, after that will be disabled the power MOSFET switch ON. It will be activated again, through the soft start, after the tRESTART time, see the Figure 26 on page 17 and the mentioned time values on Table 8 on page 7. In case of overload or short-circuit event, the power MOSFET switching will be stopped after a time that depends from the counter and that can be as maximum equal to tOVL. The protection will occur in the same way until the overload condition is removed, see Figure 26 on page 17. This protection ensures restart attempts of the converter with low repetition rate, so that it works safely with extremely low power throughput and avoiding the IC overheating in case of repeated overload events. If the overload is removed before the protection tripping, the counter will be decremented cycle by cycle down to zero and the IC will not be stopped. Figure 26. Timing diagram: OLP sequence VDD VDDon VDDCSon SHORT CIRCUIT OCCURS HERE SHORT CIRCUIT REMOVED HERE IDRAIN IDlim_bm time t1* tRESTART tSS tOVL tRESTART tSS tOVL tRESTART tSS time * The time t1 can be lower or equal to the time tOVL Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 17/25 Open loop failure protection VIPER26 15 Open loop failure protection In case the power supply is built in fly-back topology and the VIPer26 is supplied by an auxiliary winding, as shown in Figure 27 on page 18 and Figure 28 on page 19, the converter is protected against feedback loop failure or accidental disconnections of the winding. The following description is applicable for the schematics of Figure 27 on page 18 and Figure 28 on page 19, respectively the non-isolated fly-back and the isolated fly-back. If RH is opened or RL is shorted, the VIPer26 works at its drain current limitation. The output voltage, VOUT, will increase and so the auxiliary voltage, VAUX, which is coupled with the output through the secondary-to-auxiliary turns ratio. As the auxiliary voltage increases up to the internal VDD active clamp, VDDclamp (the value is reported on Table 8 on page 7) and the clamp current injected on VDD pin exceeds the latch threshold, IDDol (the value is reported on Table 8 on page 7), a fault signal is internally generated. In order to distinguish an actual malfunction from a bad auxiliary winding design, both the above conditions (drain current equal to the drain current limitation and current higher than IDDol through VDD clamp) have to be verified to reveal the fault. If RL is opened or RH is shorted, the output voltage, VOUT, will be clamped to the reference voltage VREF_FB (in case of non isolated fly-back) or to the external TL voltage reference (in case of isolated fly-back). Figure 27. FB pin connection for non-isolated fly-back 18/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Figure 28. FB pin connection for isolated fly-back Open loop failure protection Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 19/25 Package mechanical data VIPER26 16 Package mechanical data In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK® is an ST trademark. Table 9. DIP-7 mechanical data mm Dim. Typ A A1 A2 b b2 c D E E1 e eA eB L M N N1 O 0.548 3.30 2.508 0.50 0.40 0.60 0.60 2.92 3.30 0.46 1.52 0.25 9.27 7.87 6.35 2.54 7.62 10.92 3.81 0.38 2.92 0.36 1.14 0.20 9.02 7.62 6.10 4.95 0.56 1.78 0.36 10.16 8.26 7.11 Min Max 5.33 20/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Figure 29. DIP-7 package dimensions Package mechanical data Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 21/25 Package mechanical data Table 10. SO16N mechanical data mm Dim. Min A A1 A2 b c D E E1 e h L k ccc 0.25 0.4 0 0.1 1.25 0.31 0.17 9.8 5.8 3.8 9.9 6 3.9 1.27 0.5 1.27 8 0.1 0.51 0.25 10 6.2 4 Typ Max 1.75 0.25 VIPER26 22/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Figure 30. SO16N package dimensions Package mechanical data Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 23/25 Revision history VIPER26 17 Revision history Table 11. Date 26-Aug-2010 01-Sep-2010 Document revision history Revision 1 2 Initial release. Updated Figure 30 on page 23. Changes 24/25 Doc ID 17736 Rev 2 VIPER26 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST’s terms and conditions of sale. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. 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