VN5E016AH-E
16 mΩ high-side driver with analog current sense
for automotive applications
Features
Max supply voltage
VCC
41V
Operating voltage range
VCC 4.5 to 28V
Max on-state resistance (per ch.)
RON
16 mΩ
Current limitation (typ)
ILIMH
73 A
Off-state supply current
IS
2 µA(1)
1. Typical value with all loads connected.
•
•
•
General
– Inrush current active management by
power limitation
– Very low standby current
– 3.0 V CMOS compatible inputs
– Optimized electromagnetic emissions
– Very low electromagnetic susceptibility
– In compliance with the 2002/95/EC
European directive
Diagnostic functions
– Proportional load current sense
– High current sense precision for wide
current range
– Current sense disable
– Off-state open-load detection
– Output short to VCC indication
– Overload and short to ground (power
limitation) indication
– Thermal shutdown indication
Protections
– Undervoltage shutdown
– Overvoltage clamp
– Load current limitation
– Self limiting of fast thermal transients
– Protection against loss of ground and loss
of VCC
– Overtemperature shutdown with auto
restart (thermal shutdown)
September 2013
– Reverse battery protected
– Electrostatic discharge protection
Applications
•
All types of resistive, inductive and capacitive
loads
•
Suitable as LED driver
Description
The VN5E016AH-E is a single channel high-side
driver manufactured in the ST proprietary
VIPower™ M0-5 technology and housed in the
tiny HPak package. The VN5E016AH-E is
designed to drive 12 V automotive grounded
loads delivering protection, diagnostics and easy
3 V and 5 V CMOS compatible interface with any
microcontroller.
The device integrates advanced protective
functions such as load current limitation, inrush
and overload active management by power
limitation, overtemperature shut-off with auto
restart and overvoltage active clamp.
A dedicated analog current sense pin is
associated with every output channel to provide
enhanced diagnostic functions. These functions
include fast detection of overload and short-circuit
to ground through power limitation indication,
overtemperature indication, short-circuit to VCC
diagnosis and ON-state and OFF-state open-load
detection.
The current sensing and diagnostic feedback of
the whole device can be disabled by pulling the
CS_DIS pin high to allow sharing of the external
sense resistor with other similar devices.
Doc ID 15994 Rev 5
1/37
www.st.com
1
Contents
VN5E016AH-E
Contents
1
Block diagram and pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2
Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3
2.1
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2
Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.4
Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.5
Electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.1
GND protection network against reverse battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.1.1
Solution 1: resistor in the ground line (RGND only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.1.2
Solution 2: a diode (DGND) in the ground line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2
Load dump protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.3
MCU I/Os protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.4
Current sense and diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.4.1
3.5
4
Maximum demagnetization energy (VCC = 13.5V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Package and PC board thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.1
5
Short to VCC and OFF-state open-load detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
HPak thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Package and packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
5.1
ECOPACK® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
5.2
Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
6
Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
7
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2/37
Doc ID 15994 Rev 5
VN5E016AH-E
List of tables
List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Pin functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Suggested connections for unused and not connected pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Switching (VCC = 13 V, Tj = 25 °C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Logic Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Protection and diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Current sense (8 V < VCC < 18 V). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Open-load detection (8 V < VCC < 18 V). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Truth table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Electrical transient requirements (part 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Electrical transient requirements (part 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Electrical transient requirements (part 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Thermal parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Package mechanical data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Doc ID 15994 Rev 5
3/37
List of figures
VN5E016AH-E
List of figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Figure 32.
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
Figure 35.
Figure 36.
Figure 37.
Figure 38.
Figure 39.
Figure 40.
Figure 41.
4/37
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Configuration diagram (top view) not in scale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Current and voltage conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Current sense delay characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Open-load Off-state delay timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Switching characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Delay response time between rising edge of output current and rising edge of current sense
(CS enabled). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Output voltage drop limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
IOUT/ISENSE vs IOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Maximum current sense ratio drift vs load current(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Normal operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Overload or Short to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Intermittent overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
OFF-state open-load with external circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Short to VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
TJ evolution in overload or short to GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Off-state output current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
High level input current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Input clamp level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Input low level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Input high level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Input hysteresis voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
On-state resistance vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
On-state resistance vs VCC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Undervoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Turn-on voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
ILIMH vs Tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Turn-off voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
CS_DIS high level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
CS_DIS clamp voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
CS_DIS low level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Application schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Current sense and diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Maximum turn off current versus inductance(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
PC board(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Rthj-amb Vs. PCB copper area in open box free air condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
HPak thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Thermal fitting model of a single channel HSD in HPak(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Package dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
HPAK tube shipment (no suffix) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
HPAK tape and reel (suffix “TR”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Doc ID 15994 Rev 5
VN5E016AH-E
1
Block diagram and pin description
Block diagram and pin description
Figure 1.
Block diagram
VCC
Signal Clamp
Undervoltage
IN
Control & Diagnostic
Power
Clamp
DRIVER
VON
Limitation
Over
temp.
Current
Limitation
OFF State
Open load
CS_
DIS
VSENSEH
CS
Current
Sense
OUT
OVERLOAD PROTECTION
(ACTIVE POWER LIMITATION)
LOGIC
GND
Table 1.
Pin functions
Name
VCC
OUTPUT
GND
INPUT
CURRENT
SENSE
CS_DIS
Function
Battery connection
Power output (1)
Ground connection
Voltage controlled input pin with hysteresis, CMOS compatible. Controls output
switch state
Analog current sense pin, delivers a current proportional to the load current
Active high CMOS compatible pin, to disable the current sense pin
1. Pins 1 and 7 must be externally tied together.
Doc ID 15994 Rev 5
5/37
Block diagram and pin description
Figure 2.
Table 2.
6/37
VN5E016AH-E
Configuration diagram (top view) not in scale
1
2
3
4
5
OUT
GND
IN
Vcc
6
7
CS CS_DIS OUT
Suggested connections for unused and not connected pins
Connection / pin
Current sense
Output
Input
CS_DIS
Floating
Not allowed
X
X
X
To ground
Through 1 kΩ
resistor
Through 22 kΩ
resistor
Through 10 kΩ
resistor
Through 10 kΩ
resistor
Doc ID 15994 Rev 5
VN5E016AH-E
2
Electrical specifications
Electrical specifications
Figure 3.
Current and voltage conventions
IS
VCC
IOUT
ICSD
OUTPUT
CS_DIS
VCSD
ISENSE
IIN
VIN
INPUT
VOUT
VCC
CURRENT
SENSE
GND
VSENSE
IGND
2.1
Absolute maximum ratings
Stressing the device above the rating listed in the “Absolute maximum ratings” table may
cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the Operating sections of
this specification is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability. Refer also to the STMicroelectronics SURE
Program and other relevant quality document.
Table 3.
Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
VCC
DC supply voltage
41
V
-VCC
Reverse DC supply voltage
0.3
V
IGND
DC reverse ground pin current
200
mA
IOUT
DC output current
Internally limited
A
-IOUT
Reverse DC output current
20
A
DC input current
-1 to 10
mA
DC current sense disable input current
-1 to 10
mA
VCC-41
+VCC
V
V
350
mJ
IIN
ICSD
VCSENSE Current sense maximum voltage (VCC>0)
EMAX
Maximum switching energy (single pulse)
(L = 1.55 mH; RL = 0Ω; Vbat = 13.5V; Tjstart = 150ºC;
IOUT = IlimL(Typ.))
Doc ID 15994 Rev 5
7/37
Electrical specifications
Table 3.
Absolute maximum ratings (continued)
Symbol
Value
Unit
VESD
Electrostatic discharge (human body model: R = 1.5KΩ;
C = 100pF)
– Input
– Current sense
– CS_DIS
– Output
– VCC
4000
2000
4000
5000
5000
V
V
V
V
V
VESD
Charge device model (CDM-AEC-Q100-011)
750
V
Junction operating temperature
-40 to 150
°C
Storage temperature
-55 to 150
°C
Tj
Tstg
2.2
Parameter
Thermal data
Table 4.
Symbol
8/37
VN5E016AH-E
Thermal data
Parameter
Max. value
Unit
Rthj-case Thermal resistance junction-case
0.63
°C/W
Rthj-amb
69.3
°C/W
Thermal resistance junction-ambient
Doc ID 15994 Rev 5
VN5E016AH-E
2.3
Electrical specifications
Electrical characteristics
Values specified in this section are for 8 V < VCC < 28 V, -40 °C < Tj < 150 °C, unless
otherwise specified.
Table 5.
Power section
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
VCC
Operating supply voltage
4.5
13
28
V
VUSD
Undervoltage shutdown
-
3.5
4.5
V
VUSDhyst
Undervoltage shutdown
hysteresis
-
0.5
-
V
IOUT = 5 A; Tj = 25 °C
-
-
16
IOUT = 5 A; Tj = 150 °C
-
-
32
IOUT = 5 A; VCC = 5 V; Tj = 25 °C
-
-
20
Output - VCC diode
voltage
-IOUT = 5A; Tj = 150°C
-
-
0.7
V
Clamp Voltage
Icc = 20 mA; IOUT = 0A
41
46
52
V
Off-state; VCC = 13V; Tj = 25°C;
VIN = VOUT = VSENSE = 0V
-
2
5
µA
On-state; VCC = 13V; VIN = 5V;
IOUT = 0A
-
1.5
3
mA
VIN = VOUT = 0V; VCC = 13V;
Tj = 25°C
0
0.01
3
VIN = VOUT = 0V; VCC = 13V;
Tj = 125°C
0
RON
VF
Vclamp
IS
IL(off1)
On-state resistance
Supply current
Off-state output current
Table 6.
Symbol
mΩ
µA
-
5
Switching (VCC = 13 V, Tj = 25 °C)
Parameter
Test conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
td(on)
Turn-on delay time
RL = 2.6 Ω (see Figure 6)
-
15
-
µs
td(off)
Turn-off delay time
RL = 2.6 Ω (see Figure 6)
-
45
-
µs
(dVOUT/dt)on Turn-on voltage slope RL = 2.6 Ω
-
0.2
-
V/µs
(dVOUT/dt)off Turn-off voltage slope RL = 2.6 Ω
-
0.2
-
V/µs
WON
Switching energy
losses at turn-on
(twon)
RL = 2.6 Ω (see Figure 6)
-
1.4
-
mJ
WOFF
Switching energy
losses at turn-off
(twoff)
RL = 2.6 Ω (see Figure 6)
-
0.8
-
mJ
Doc ID 15994 Rev 5
9/37
Electrical specifications
Table 7.
VN5E016AH-E
Logic Inputs
Symbol
Parameter
Test conditions
VIL
Input low level voltage
IIL
Low level input current
VIH
Input high level voltage
IIH
High level input current
VI(hyst)
Input hysteresis voltage
VICL
Input clamp voltage
VCSDL
CS_DIS low level voltage
ICSDL
Low level CS_DIS current
VCSDH
CS_DIS high level voltage
ICSDH
High level CS_DIS current
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
-
-
0.9
V
1
-
-
µA
2.1
-
-
V
-
-
10
µA
0.25
-
-
V
IIN = 1mA
5.5
-
7
IIN = -1mA
-
-0.7
-
-
-
0.9
V
1
-
-
µA
2.1
-
-
V
-
-
10
µA
0.25
-
-
V
ICSD = 1mA
5.5
-
7
ICSD = -1mA
-
-0.7
-
VIN = 0.9V
VIN = 2.1V
V
VCSD = 0.9V
VCSD = 2.1V
VCSD(hyst) CS_DIS hysteresis voltage
VCSCL
CS_DIS clamp voltage
Table 8.
Symbol
Protection and diagnostics (1)
Parameter
Test conditions
IlimH
Short circuit current
VCC = 13V
5V
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