VNQ5E050K-E
Quad channel high side driver for automotive applications
Features
Max transient supply voltage
VCC
41V
Operating voltage range
VCC 4.5 to 28V
Max on-state resistance (per ch.)
RON
Current limitation (typ)
ILIMH
27 A
Off-state supply current
IS
2 µA(1)
50 m
PowerSSO-24
– Electrostatic discharge protection
1. Typical value with all loads connected.
■
■
■
General
– Inrush current active management by
power limitation
– Very low stand-by current
– 3.0 V CMOS compatible inputs
– Optimized electromagnetic emissions
– Very low electromagnetic susceptibility
– In compliance with the 2002/95/EC
european directive
Diagnostic functions
– Open drain status output
– On-state open-load detection
– Off-state open-load detection
– Output short to Vcc detection
– Overload and short to ground (power
limitation) indication
– Thermal shutdown indication
Protections
– Undervoltage shutdown
– Overvoltage clamp
– Load current limitation
– Self limiting of fast thermal transients
– Protection against loss of ground and loss
of VCC
– Over temperature shutdown with auto
restart (thermal shutdown)
– Reverse battery protected (see Application
schematic(1) on page 22)
September 2013
Applications
■
All types of resistive, inductive and capacitive
loads
Description
The VNQ5E050K-E is a quad channel high-side
driver manufactured in the ST proprietary
VIPower™ M0-5 technology and housed in the
tiny PowerSSO-24 package.
The VNQ5E050K-E is designed to drive automotive
grounded loads delivering protection, diagnostics
and an easy 3 V and 5 V CMOS compatible
interface with any microcontroller.
The device integrates advanced protective
functions such as load current limitation, inrush
and overload active management by power
limitation, over temperature shut-off with auto
restart and over-voltage active clamp.
A dedicated active low digital status pin is
associated with every output channel in order to
provide Enhanced diagnostic functions including
fast detection of overload and short-circuit to
ground, over temperature indication, short-circuit
to VCC diagnosis and ON & OFF-state open-load
detection.
The diagnostic feedback of the whole device can
be disabled by pulling the STAT_DIS pin up, thus
allowing wired-ORing with other similar devices.
Doc ID 13494 Rev 6
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www.st.com
1
Contents
VNQ5E050K-E
Contents
1
Block diagram and pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2
Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3
2.1
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2
Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.3
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.4
Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.5
Electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.1
4
6
3.1.1
Solution 1: resistor in the ground line (Rgnd only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.1.2
Solution 2: diode (DGND) in the ground line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.2
Load dump protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.3
MCU I/Os protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.4
Open-load detection in off-state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.5
Maximum demagnetization energy (VCC = 13.5V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Package and PCB thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.1
5
Gnd protection network against reverse battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
PowerSSO-24 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.1
ECOPACK® packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.2
Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
6.1
PowerSSO-24 package packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7
Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
8
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
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VNQ5E050K-E
List of tables
List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Pin function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Suggested connections for unused and not connected pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Switching (VCC=13V, Tj= 25 °C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Status pin (VSD=0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Protections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Open-load detection (8V VOL
VOL
IOUT
tDOL(on)
VSTATUS
VST_DIS
Figure 12. Open-load without external pull-up
Open Load
without external pull-up
INPUT
VOUT
IOUT < IOL
IOUT
IOL
tDOL(on)
VSTATUS
tPOL
VST_DIS
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Electrical specifications
VNQ5E050K-E
Figure 13. Short to VCC
Short to VCC
INPUT
Resistive
Short to VCC
Hard
Short to VCC
VOUT > VOL
VOUT > VOL
VOL
VOUT
IOUT > IOL
IOUT < IOL
IOL
IOUT
tDOL(on)
tDSTK(on)
VSTATUS
VST_DIS
Figure 14. TJ evolution in overload or short to GND
TJ evolution in
Overload or Short to GND
INPUT
Self-limitation of fast thermal transients
TTSD
THYST
TR
TJ_START
TJ
ILimH >
Power Limitation
< ILimL
IOUT
18/34
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VNQ5E050K-E
2.5
Electrical specifications
Electrical characteristics curves
Figure 15. Off-state output current
Figure 16. High level input current
Iloff (nA)
Iih (µA)
550
5
500
4,5
Vin=2.1V
Off State
Vcc=13V
Vin=Vout=0V
450
400
4
3,5
350
3
300
2,5
250
2
200
1,5
150
100
1
50
0,5
0
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
-50
-25
0
25
Tc (°C)
50
75
100
125
150
175
150
175
Tc (°C)
Figure 17. Input clamp voltage
Figure 18. Input high level voltage
Vicl (V)
Vih (V)
4
7
6,8
3,5
lin=1mA
6,6
3
6,4
2,5
6,2
2
6
5,8
1,5
5,6
1
5,4
0,5
5,2
5
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
-50
-25
0
25
Tc (°C)
50
75
100
125
Tc (°C)
Figure 19. Input low level voltage
Figure 20. Low level STAT_DIS current
Vil (V)
Isdl (µA)
2
5
1,8
4,5
1,6
4
1,4
3,5
Vsd= 0.9V
1,2
3
1
2,5
0,8
2
0,6
1,5
0,4
1
0,2
0,5
0
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
-50
Tc (°C)
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
Tc (°C)
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Electrical specifications
VNQ5E050K-E
Figure 21. On-state resistance vs Tcase
Figure 22. High level STAT_DIS current
Isdh (µA)
Ron (mOhm)
5
300
4,5
Vsd= 2.1V
Iout= 2A
Vcc=13V
250
4
3,5
200
3
2,5
150
2
100
1,5
1
50
0,5
0
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
-50
175
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
150
175
150
175
Tc (°C)
Tc (°C)
Figure 23. On-state resistance vs VCC
Figure 24. Low level input current
Iil (µA)
Ron (mOhm)
5
100
4,5
Vin=0.9V
Tc=150°C
4
80
3,5
Tc=125°C
3
60
Tc=25°C
2,5
Tc=-40°C
1,5
2
40
1
20
0,5
0
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
Tc (°C)
Vcc (V)
Figure 25. ILIM vs Tcase
Figure 26. Turn-on voltage slope
Ilimh (A)
(dVout/dt )On (V/ms)
40
1000
900
35
Vcc=13V
Vcc=13V
RI=6.5 Ohm
800
700
30
600
25
500
400
20
300
200
15
100
10
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
Tc (°C)
20/34
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
Tc (°C)
Doc ID 13494 Rev 6
100
125
VNQ5E050K-E
Electrical specifications
Figure 27. Undervoltage shutdown
Figure 28. Turn-off voltage slope
Vusd (V)
(dVout/dt )Off (V/ms)
16
600
550
14
Vcc=13V
RI= 6.5 Ohm
500
450
12
400
10
350
300
8
250
6
200
150
4
100
2
50
0
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
-50
175
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
Tc (°C)
Tc (°C)
Figure 29. STAT_DIS clamp voltage
Figure 30. High level STAT_DIS voltage
Vsdcl(V)
VsdH(V)
10
7
9
6
Isd = 1 mA
8
5
7
6
4
5
3
4
3
2
2
1
1
0
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
Tc (°C)
Tc (°C)
Figure 31. Low level STAT_DIS voltage
VsdL(V)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
Tc (°C)
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Application information
3
VNQ5E050K-E
Application information
Figure 32. Application schematic(1)
+5V
+5V
VCC
Rprot
STAT_DIS
Dld
Rprot
INPUTn
Rprot
STATUSn
C
OUTPUTn
GND
VGND
RGND
DGND
1. Channels 2, 3 and 4 have the same internal circuit as channel 1.
3.1
Gnd protection network against reverse battery
3.1.1
Solution 1: resistor in the ground line (Rgnd only)
This can be used with any type of load.
The following is an indication on how to dimension the RGND resistor.
1) RGND 600mV / (IS(on)max).
2) RGND VCC) / (-IGND)
where -IGND is the DC reverse ground pin current and can be found in the absolute
maximum rating section of the device datasheet.
Power Dissipation in RGND (when VCC < 0: during reverse battery situations) is:
PD= (-VCC)2/RGND
This resistor can be shared amongst several different HSDs. Please note that the value of
this resistor should be calculated with formula (1) where IS(on)max becomes the sum of the
maximum on-state currents of the different devices.
Please note that if the microprocessor ground is not shared by the device ground then the
RGND will produce a shift (IS(on)max * RGND) in the input thresholds and the status output
values. This shift will vary depending on how many devices are ON in the case of several
high side drivers sharing the same RGND.
If the calculated power dissipation leads to a large resistor or several devices have to share
the same resistor then ST suggests to utilize Solution 2 (see below).
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VNQ5E050K-E
3.1.2
Application information
Solution 2: diode (DGND) in the ground line
A resistor (RGND=1kshould be inserted in parallel to DGND if the device drives an
inductive load.
This small signal diode can be safely shared amongst several different HSDs. Also in this
case, the presence of the ground network will produce a shift ( 600mV) in the input
threshold and in the status output values if the microprocessor ground is not common to the
device ground. This shift will not vary if more than one HSD shares the same diode/resistor
network.
3.2
Load dump protection
Dld is necessary (Voltage Transient Suppressor) if the load dump peak voltage exceeds to
VCC max DC rating. The same applies if the device is subject to transients on the VCC line
that are greater than the ones shown in the ISO T/R 7637/1 table.
3.3
MCU I/Os protection
If a ground protection network is used and negative transient are present on the VCC line,
the control pins will be pulled negative. ST suggests to insert a resistor (Rprot) in line to
prevent the µC I/Os pins to latch-up.
The value of these resistors is a compromise between the leakage current of µC and the
current required by the HSD I/Os (Input levels compatibility) with the latch-up limit of µC
I/Os.
-VCCpeak/Ilatchup Rprot (VOHC-VIH-VGND) / IIHmax
Calculation example:
For VCCpeak= - 100V and Ilatchup 20mA; VOHC 4.5V
5k Rprot 180k.
Recommended Rprot value is 10k
3.4
Open-load detection in off-state
Off-state open-load detection requires an external pull-up resistor (RPU) connected between
OUTPUT pin and a positive supply voltage (VPU) like the +5V line used to supply the
microprocessor.
The external resistor has to be selected according to the following requirements:
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Application information
VNQ5E050K-E
1) no false open-load indication when load is connected: in this case we have to avoid VOUT
to be higher than VOlmin; this results in the following condition
VOUT=(VPU/(RL+RPU))RL
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