78M6618

19-5346; Rev 3/11 A Maxim Integrated Products Brand  78M6618 Octal Power and Energy Measurement IC DATA SHEET March 2011 DS_6618_005 DESCRIPTION The Teridian 78M6618 is a highly integrated IC for independent monitoring and measurement of up to eight single-phase AC outlets. With multiple host interface options, an integrated LCD driver, and configurable I/Os, the device is ideal for metered power distribution units (PDUs) and rack enclosures for the data center, as well as intelligent power strips and subpanels in the grid-friendly digital home. At the measurement interface, the device provides 10 analog inputs for interfacing to voltage and current sensors. Scaled voltages from the sensors are fed to our Single Converter Technology® that uses a 21-bit delta-sigma ADC, independent 32-bit compute engine (CE), digital temperature compensation, and precision voltage references to provide better than 0.5% accuracy over a wide 2000:1 dynamic range. FEATURES  < 0.5% Wh Accuracy Over Wide 2000:1 Current Range and Over Temperature  Exceeds IEC 62053/ANSI C12.20 Standards  Voltage Reference < 40ppm/°C  10 Sensor Inputs—V3P3 Referenced  21-Bit Delta-Sigma ADC with Independent 32-Bit Compute Engine (CE)  8-Bit MPU (80515), One Clock Cycle per Instruction with 4KB MPU XRAM  128KB Flash with Security  Integrated ICE for MPU Debug  32kHz Time Base with Hardware Watchdog Timer  UART and High-Speed Slave SPI Host Interface Options  Up to 19 General-Purpose 5V Tolerant I/O Pins  LCD Driver (Up to 70 Pixels) The integrated MPU core and 128KB of flash memory provides a flexible means of configuration, postprocessing, data formatting, interfacing to host processor through a UART or SPI™ interface, displaying output data to an LCD, or using DIO pins for intelligent relay control. Complete firmware for common applications is available from Teridian and can be loaded into the IC during manufacturing test. Alternatively, a  Packaged in a Lead(Pb)-Free/RoHS-Compliant (6/6) 68-Pin QFN complete array of ICE, development tools, and programming libraries are available to allow customization MPU code for  Robust Sub-Metering Application Firmware: each application. o True RMS Calculations for Current, Voltage, Line Frequency, Real Power, Reactive Power, Apparent Power, and Power Factor o Accumulated Watt-Hours, Kilowatt-Hours, and Cost o Intelligent Switch Control at Zero Crossings o Digital Temperature Compensation o Phase Compensation (15) o Quick Calibration Routines o 46-64Hz Line Frequency Range with Same Calibration o Programmable Alarm Thresholds o High-Level UART Communication Protocols o High-Level SPI Communication Protocols Single Converter Technology is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. SPI is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. Rev. 1.4 © 2011 Teridian Semiconductor Corporation 1 78M6618 Data Sheet DS_6618_005 Table of Contents 1 Hardware Functional Description...................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Hardware Overview ..................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Device Reset ................................................................................................................................ 7 1.3 Power Management ..................................................................................................................... 7 1.3.1 Voltage Regulator ............................................................................................................ 7 1.3.2 Power Fault Management................................................................................................ 7 1.3.3 BROWNOUT.................................................................................................................... 7 1.3.4 SLEEP mode ................................................................................................................... 7 1.4 Analog Front End (AFE)............................................................................................................... 7 1.4.1 Analog Current and Voltage Inputs ................................................................................. 8 1.5 Digital Computation Engine (CE) ................................................................................................. 8 1.6 80515 MPU Core ......................................................................................................................... 8 1.6.1 SFR .................................................................................................................................. 9 1.7 XRAM ........................................................................................................................................... 9 1.8 IORAM ......................................................................................................................................... 9 1.9 FLASH.......................................................................................................................................... 9 1.9.1 Program Security ............................................................................................................. 9 1.10 Oscillator ...................................................................................................................................... 9 1.11 PLL and Internal Clock Generation.............................................................................................. 9 1.12 Real-Time Clock (RTC).............................................................................................................. 10 1.13 Hardware Watchdog Timer ........................................................................................................ 10 1.14 Temperature Sensor .................................................................................................................. 10 1.15 General Purpose Digital I/O ....................................................................................................... 10 1.16 LCD Drivers ............................................................................................................................... 11 1.17 EEPROM Interface .................................................................................................................... 11 1.18 SPI Slave Port ............................................................................................................................ 11 1.19 Test Port..................................................................................................................................... 12 1.20 UARTs........................................................................................................................................ 13 1.20.1 UART1 (OPT_TX/OPT_RX) .......................................................................................... 13 1.21 In Circuit Emulator (ICE) Port .................................................................................................... 13 Electrical Specifications................................................................................................................... 14 2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ....................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Recommended External Components ....................................................................................... 15 2.3 Recommended Operating Conditions........................................................................................ 15 2.4 Performance Specifications ....................................................................................................... 16 2.4.1 Input Logic Levels .......................................................................................................... 16 2.4.2 Output Logic Levels ....................................................................................................... 16 2.4.3 Power-Fault Comparator ............................................................................................... 16 2.4.4 Battery Monitor............................................................................................................... 17 2.4.5 Supply Current ............................................................................................................... 17 2.4.6 V3P3D Switch ................................................................................................................ 17 2.4.7 2.5 V Voltage Regulator................................................................................................. 18 2.4.8 Low-Power Voltage Regulator ....................................................................................... 18 2.4.9 Crystal Oscillator ............................................................................................................ 18 2.4.10 LCD DAC ....................................................................................................................... 18 2.4.11 LCD Drivers ................................................................................................................... 19 2.4.12 Optical Interface ............................................................................................................. 19 2.4.13 Temperature Sensor ...................................................................................................... 19 2.4.14 VREF ............................................................................................................................. 20 2.4.15 ADC Converter, V3P3A Referenced ............................................................................. 21 2.5 Timing Specifications ................................................................................................................. 22 2.5.1 Flash Memory ................................................................................................................ 22 2.5.2 EEPROM Interface ........................................................................................................ 22 2.5.3 RESET ........................................................................................................................... 22 2.5.4 RTC................................................................................................................................ 22 2.5.5 SPI Slave Port (MISSION Mode) ................................................................................... 23 Rev. 1.4 2 2 DS_6618_005 3 78M6618 Data Sheet Packaging .......................................................................................................................................... 24 3.1 68-Pin QFN Package ................................................................................................................. 24 3.1.1 Pinout ............................................................................................................................. 24 3.1.2 68-Pin QFN Package Outline ........................................................................................ 25 3.1.3 Recommended PCB Land Pattern for the QFN-68 Package ........................................ 26 Pin Descriptions ................................................................................................................................ 27 4.1 Power and Ground Pins ............................................................................................................. 27 4.2 Analog Pins ................................................................................................................................ 27 4.3 Digital Pins ................................................................................................................................. 28 I/O Equivalent Circuits...................................................................................................................... 29 Ordering Information ........................................................................................................................ 30 Contact Information .......................................................................................................................... 30 Appendix A: Acronyms .................................................................................................................... 31 Revision History ................................................................................................................................ 32 4 5 6 7 8 9 Rev. 1.4 3 78M6618 Data Sheet DS_6618_005 Figures Figure 1: 78M6618 IC Functional Block Diagram ......................................................................................... 6 Figure 2: AFE Block Diagram ....................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 3: SPI Slave Port: Typical Read and Write Operations ................................................................... 12 Figure 4: SPI Slave Port (MISSION Mode) Timing ..................................................................................... 23 Figure 5: Pinout for QFN-68 Package......................................................................................................... 24 Figure 6: QFN-68 Package Outline (Top, Bottom, and Side View) ............................................................ 25 Figure 7: PCB Land Pattern for QFN 68 Package ...................................................................................... 26 Figure 8: I/O Equivalent Circuits ................................................................................................................. 29 Tables Table 1: SPI Command Description ............................................................................................................ 12 Table 2: Absolute Maximum Ratings .......................................................................................................... 14 Table 3: Recommended External Components .......................................................................................... 15 Table 4: Recommended Operating Conditions ........................................................................................... 15 Table 5: Input Logic Levels ......................................................................................................................... 16 Table 6: Output Logic Levels ...................................................................................................................... 16 Table 7: Power-Fault Comparator Performance Specifications.................................................................. 16 Table 8: Battery Monitor Performance Specifications (BME= 1) ................................................................. 17 Table 9: Supply Current Performance Specifications ................................................................................. 17 Table 10: V3P3D Switch Performance Specifications ................................................................................ 17 Table 11: 2.5 V Voltage Regulator Performance Specifications ................................................................. 18 Table 12: Low-Power Voltage Regulator Performance Specifications ....................................................... 18 Table 13: Crystal Oscillator Performance Specifications ............................................................................ 18 Table 14: LCD DAC Performance Specifications ....................................................................................... 18 Table 15: LCD Driver Performance Specifications ..................................................................................... 19 Table 16: Optical Interface Performance Specifications ............................................................................. 19 Table 17: Temperature Sensor Performance Specifications ...................................................................... 19 Table 18: VREF Performance Specifications.............................................................................................. 20 Table 19: ADC Converter Performance Specifications ............................................................................... 21 Table 20: Flash Memory Timing Specifications .......................................................................................... 22 Table 21: EEPROM Interface Timing.......................................................................................................... 22 Table 22: RESET Timing ............................................................................................................................ 22 Table 23: RTC Range ................................................................................................................................. 22 Table 24: SPI Slave Port (MISSION Mode) Timing .................................................................................... 23 Table 25: Recommended PCB Land Pattern Dimensions.......................................................................... 26 Table 26: Power and Ground Pins .............................................................................................................. 27 Table 27: Analog Pins ................................................................................................................................. 27 Table 28: Digital Pins .................................................................................................................................. 28 Table 29: Ordering Information ................................................................................................................... 30 4 Rev. 1.4 DS_6618_005 78M6618 Data Sheet 1 Hardware Functional Description 1.1 Hardware Overview The Teridian 78M6618 single-chip measurement and monitoring IC integrates all the primary AC measurement and control blocks required to implement an 8-outlet single-phase PDU with per outlet metering and intelligent relay control The 78M6618 includes: • • • • • • • • A ten-input analog front end (AFE) An independent digital computation engine (CE) An 8051-compatible microprocessor (MPU) which executes one instruction per clock cycle (80515) A precision voltage reference A temperature sensor RAM and Flash memory A variety of I/O pins LCD drivers Various current sensor technologies are supported including Current Transformers (CT), Resistive Shunts and Rogowski coils. In a sub-metering application, the 32-bit compute engine (CE) of the 78M6618 sequentially process the samples from the analog inputs on pins IA, IB, IC, ID, IE, IF, IG, IH, VA, VB and performs calculations to measure active energy (Wh) and reactive energy (VARh), as well as A2h and V2h for four-quadrant measurement. These measurements are then accessed by the MPU, processed further, and output via the peripheral devices available to the MPU. In addition to the temperature-trimmed ultra-precision voltage reference, the on-chip digital temperature compensation mechanism includes a temperature sensor and associated controls for correction of undesirable temperature effects on measurement accuracy. Temperature-dependent external components such as a crystal oscillator and current sensors can be characterized and their correction factors can be programmed to produce measurements with exceptional accuracy over the industrial temperature range. A block diagram of the 78M6618 IC is shown in Figure 1. A detailed description of the various functional blocks follows. Rev. 1.4 5 78M6618 Data Sheet VREF IA IB IC ID IE IF IG IH VA VB 16 VBAT TEMP MCK PLL CK_CE CK_MPU FLASH 128KB XRAM 4kB CE_PROG 32 CE_DATA MUXP VREF VREF VADC RPULSE WPULSE XPULSE YPULSE YPULSE XPULSE WPULSE RPULSE DS_6618_005 V3P3A GNDA V3P3SYS ∆Σ ADC CONVERTER VBIAS VBIAS FIR RTM to TMUX CE VOLT REG V3P3D VBAT GNDD V2P5 2.5V to logic MULTIPURPOSE IO DIO3 XIN XOUT 80MHz OSC (32.768kHz) DIO43 / SEG63 CKTESTI CKTEST RTC DIO19 / SEG39 DIO18 / SEG38 DIO17 / SEG37 DIO16 / SEG36 DIO15 / SEG35 DIO14 / SEG34 DIO13 / SEG33 DIO11 / SEG31 DIO10 / SEG30 LCD DISPLAY DRIVER TEST TEST MODE COM0, COM1 SEG0... COM1, 0 DIO9 / SEG29 DIO8 / SEG28 DIO7 / SEG27 DIO6 / SEG26 DIO5 / SEG25 DIO4 / SEG24 SEG19 SEG18 SEG17 SEG16 SEG15 SEG14 SEG12 SEG11 / E_RST SEG10 / E_TCLK SEG9 / E_RXTX SEG8 SEG7 SEG6 / PSDI SEG5 / PCSZ SEG4 / PSDO SEG3 / PCLK SEG2 SEG1 SEG0 ICE_E TEST MUX RX UART DIGITAL I/O XRAM BUS 8 SPI SLAVE PCSZ PCLK PSDI PSDO SDATA EEPROM I/F SCLK DIO_4... TX OPT_RX / DIO1 OPTICAL 80515 MPU OPT_TX / DIO2 MOD SFR EMULATOR E_RXTX E_TCLK E_RSTZ V1 POWER FAULT FAULTZ TMUXOUT RESET ICE_E Figure 1: 78M6618 IC Functional Block Diagram 6 Rev. 1.4 DS_6618_005 78M6618 Data Sheet 1.2 Device Reset When the RESET pin is pulled high, all digital activity stops. Only the oscillator and RTC module continue to run. Additionally, all IORAM bits are set to their default states. As long as V1 (the input voltage at the power fault block) is greater than VBIAS, the internal 2.5 V regulator will continue to provide power to the digital section. Once initiated, the reset mode will persist until the reset timer times out. This will occur in 4096 cycles of the crystal clock after RESET goes low, at which time the MPU will begin executing its preboot and boot sequences from address 0x0000. 1.3 Power Management 1.3.1 Voltage Regulator The 78M6618 provides an on chip voltage regulator to create a 2.5V supply for the digital logic. This regulator can be run off of the V3P3SYS or VBAT inputs depending upon power availability. 1.3.2 Power Fault Management The 78M6618 includes both hardware and software controlled power fault management. V1 is connected to a comparator to monitor system power fault conditions. When the output of the comparator falls (V1