TC78H653FTG
Toshiba CDMOS Integrated Circuit Silicon Monolithic
TC78H653FTG
1.8-V Dual H-bridge driver IC
The TC78H653FTG is a dual H-bridge driver IC for one or
two DC brushed motors or one Stepping motor which
incorporates DMOS with low ON resistance in output
transistors. The TC78H653FTG has selectable forward,
reverse, stop or brake mode. Over current detection, thermal
shutdown, and under voltage lockout functions are
implemented. The device is housed in a compact QFN-16 3.0
mm×3.0 mm package.
P-VQFN16-0303-0.50-001
Weight: 0.02 g (typ.)
Features
• Power supply maximum voltage: 8.0 V
• Power supply operating voltage: 1.8 V to 7.5 V
• Brushed motor output current ratings (DC)
4.0A (max) in Large mode
2.0A (max) in Small mode
• Brushed motor output current ratings (Peak)
5.0A (max) at 10 ms or less in Large mode
2.5A (max) at 10 ms or less in Small mode
• Stepping motor output current ratings (DC)
2.0A (DC)
2.5A (peak)
• Output ON resistance
0.11Ω (typ.) (Ta = 25 °C, Sum of upper and lower side, VM = 5.0 V, Large mode)
0.22 Ω (typ.) (Ta = 25 °C, Sum of upper and lower side, VM = 5.0 V, Small mode)
• Built-in standby function: Consumption current 0 μA (typ.)
• Built-in cross conduction protection circuit
• Built-in over current detection (ISD), thermal shutdown (TSD), and under voltage lockout
(UVLO)
• Selectable Forward / Reverse / Stop / Brake modes
• Package: P-VQFN16-0303-0.50-001(3.0 mm×3.0 mm)
© 2018-2019
Toshiba Electronic Devices & Storage Corporation
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TC78H653FTG
Pin Assignment (Top View)
MODE
16
LARGE
VM
GND
15
14
13
IN4/PHA_B
1
12
OUT4
IN3/ENB_B
2
11
OUT3
NC
3
10
OUT1
4
9
OUT2
IN1/ENB_A
5
IN2/PHA_A
6
7
8
STBY
NC
GND
Note: In DC Brushed motor Large mode (LARGE pin is set to High), pins OUT1 and OUT2 are connected as OUT+
pin and pins OUT3 and OUT4 pin are connected as OUT- pin. Then Large mode is controlled with IN1/ENB_A
pin and IN2/PHA_A pins.
Note: Please connect the exposed pad of the QFN package to the GND area of the PCB.
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TC78H653FTG
Block Diagram
VM
Regulator
IN1/ENB_A
OUT1
OUT2
37 kΩ
150 kΩ
IN2/PHA_A
IN3/ENB_B
IN4/PHA_B
37 kΩ
150 kΩ
37 kΩ
150 kΩ
37 kΩ
150 kΩ
STBY
Control
Circuit
OUT3
OUT4
37 kΩ
UVLO
150 kΩ
GND
TSD
LARGE
37 kΩ
ISD
150 kΩ
MODE
37 kΩ
150 kΩ
Note: The block diagram, functional blocks or constants may be omitted or simplified for explanatory purposes.
Pin Functions
Pin name
Pin number
IN4/PHA_B
IN3/ENB_B
NC
IN1/ENB_A
IN2/PHA_A
STBY
NC
GND
OUT2
OUT1
OUT3
OUT4
GND
VM
LARGE
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Functional description
Control input
Control input
No connection
Control input
Control input
Control input
No connection
GND pin
Output
Output
Output
Output
GND pin
Power supply pin
Control input
Control input
Remarks
Refer to the section of “Input/Output Functions”.
Refer to the section of “Input/Output Functions”.
Please use this terminal open.
Refer to the section of “Input/Output Functions”.
Refer to the section of “Input/Output Functions”.
Refer to the section of “Input/Output Functions”.
Please use this terminal open.
—
Motor coil connection pin
Motor coil connection pin
Motor coil connection pin
Motor coil connection pin
—
Operating range is from 1.8 V to 7.5 V.
Refer to the section of “Input/Output Functions”.
Refer to the section of “Input/Output Functions”.
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TC78H653FTG
Input / Output Functions
IN Input mode (MODE=L), in Small mode (LARGE=L)
IN1/
IN2/
IN3/
MODE LARGE STBY
ENB_A PHA_A ENB_B
L
L
IN4/
PHA_B
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
Mode
H
H
L
X
X
H
L
X
X
Forward
H
L
H
X
X
L
H
X
X
Reverse
H
X
X
H
L
X
X
H
L
Forward
H
X
X
L
H
X
X
L
H
Reverse
H
H
H
H
H
L
L
L
L
Short brake
H
L
L
L
L
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
Stop
L
X
X
X
X
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
Standby
IN4/
PHA_B
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
Note: 2 H-Bridge can be programmed and operate simultaneously.
Note: X are Don’t Care.
IN Input mode (MODE=L), in Large mode (LARGE=H)
IN1/
IN2/
IN3/
MODE LARGE STBY
ENB_A PHA_A ENB_B
L
H
Mode
H
H
L
X
X
H
H
L
L
Forward
H
L
H
X
X
L
L
H
H
Reverse
H
H
H
X
X
L
L
L
L
Short brake
H
L
L
X
X
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
Stop
L
X
X
X
X
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
Standby
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
Note: X are Don’t Care.
PHASE input mode (MODE=H) in Small mode (LARGE=L)
IN1/
IN2/
IN3/
IN4/
MODE LARGE STBY
ENB_A PHA_A ENB_B PHA_B
H
L
Mode
H
H
H
X
X
H
L
X
X
Forward
H
H
L
X
X
L
H
X
X
Reverse
H
X
X
H
H
X
X
H
L
Forward
H
X
X
H
L
X
X
L
H
Reverse
H
L
X
L
X
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
Stop
L
X
X
X
X
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
Standby
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
Note: 2 H-Bridge can be programmed and operate simultaneously.
Note: X are Don’t Care.
PHASE input mode (MODE=H), Large mode (LARGE=H)
IN1/
IN2/
IN3/
IN4/
MODE LARGE STBY
ENB_A PHA_A ENB_B PHA_B
H
H
Mode
H
H
H
X
X
H
H
L
L
Forward
H
H
L
X
X
L
L
H
H
Reverse
H
L
X
L
X
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
Stop
L
X
X
X
X
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
Standby
Note: X are Don’t Care.
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TC78H653FTG
Timing Chart of Output Waveforms
Input
(IN1/ENB_A, IN2/PHA_A,
IN3/ENB_B, and IN4/PHA_B)
50%
50%
tpLH
tpHL
Output
(OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, and OUT4)
90%
90%
50%
50%
10%
10%
tr
tf
Note: Timing charts may be simplified for explanatory purposes.
AC characteristics (VM = 3.0 V, Ta = 25°C)
Symbol
Typ.
tpLH
90
tpHL
90
tr
20
tf
10
Unit
ns
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TC78H653FTG
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C)
Characteristics
Symbol
Rating
Unit
Remarks
Power supply voltage
VM
8.0
V
―
Input voltage
VIN
−0.3 to 6
V
―
4.0
A
In Large mode
2.0
A
In Small mode
5.0
A
In Large mode, Peak at 10 ms
2.5
A
In Small mode, Peak at 10 ms
2.0
A
In Small mode
4.0
A
In Large mode
Output current
IOUT
Output DMOS body diode
forward current
If
Power dissipation
PD
1.79
W
―
Operating range
Topr
−40 to 105
°C
―
Storage temperature
Tstg
−55 to 150
°C
―
Note: When mounted on the board (JEDEC 4 layers), if Ta exceeds 25°C, it is necessary to do the
derating with 14.3mW/°C.
Back-EMF
While a motor is rotating, there is a timing at which power is fed back to the power supply. At that
timing, the motor current recirculates back to the power supply due to the effect of the motor
back-EMF. If the power supply does not have enough current sinking capability, the power supply
and output pins of the device may rise above the rated voltage of 8.0 V. The magnitude of the motor
back-EMF varies with usage conditions and motor characteristics. It must be fully verified that
there is no risk that the device or other components will not be damaged or failed due to the motor
back-EMF.
When the power is fed back to the power supply, the body diode of the output DMOS may turn on
and a regenerative current may flow. At this time, the voltage applied to one of the output pins
may become a negative value by the voltage of the body diode (Vf). It is not a concern if the current
of the body diode (If) is within the rated value (shown in above table) or less, it is no problem.
Over Current Detection (ISD) and Thermal Shutdown (TSD)
The ISD and TSD circuits are only intended to provide temporary protection against irregular
conditions such as an output short-circuits; they do not necessarily guarantee the complete IC
safety. If the device is used beyond the specified operating ranges, these circuits may not operate
properly: then the device may be damaged due to an output short-circuit. The ISD circuit is only
intended to provide a temporary protection against an output short-circuit. If such condition
persists for a long time, the device may be damaged due to overstress. Overcurrent conditions must
be removed immediately by external hardware.
IC Mounting
Do not insert devices incorrectly or in the wrong orientation. Otherwise, it may cause breakdown,
damage and/or deterioration of the device.
Operating Conditions (Ta = −40 to 105°C)
Characteristics
Symbol
Min
Typ.
Max
Unit
Remarks
Power supply voltage
VM
1.8
3.0
7.5
V
―
―
―
4.0
A
In Large mode, VM =5.0V
Output current
IOUT
―
―
2.0
A
In Small mode, VM =5.0V
―
―
500
kHz
Duty=50%
PWM frequency
fPWM
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TC78H653FTG
Electrical Characteristics (Unless otherwise specified, VM = 1.8 to 7.0 V, Ta = 25°C)
Characteristics
Consumption current
Input voltage
Control circuit
Symbol
Test condition
Unit
―
0.6
1.0
mA
ICC (STB)
Standby mode, VM = 3.0 V
―
0
0.22
μA
VIH1
VM = 1.8 V
1.5
―
5.5
VIH2
VM = 3.0 V
1.7
―
5.5
VIH3
VM = 5.0 V
2.0
―
5.5
VIH4
VM = 7.0 V
2.0
―
5.5
- 0.3
―
0.5
10
16
22
―
―
1.0
―
0.22
0.35
Ω
―
0.11
0.175
Ω
―
―
0.5
―
―
0.5
―
0.7
1.0
IIH
RON(D-S)
ON-resistance between drain and
source of output transistor
(Sum of upper and lower side)
RON(D-S)
―
VIN=3.0 V
―
IOUT = 1.0 A , VM =5.0 V
In Small mode
IOUT = 1.0 A , VM =5.0 V
In Large mode
IOH
VM = 3.0 V
IOL
Output DMOS body diode
forward voltage
Max
Forward / Reverse mode,
VM = 3.0 V, Output open
IIL
Output leakage current
Typ.
ICC (W)
VIL
Input current
Min
Vf
If = 0.4 A, VM = 5.0 V
7
V
μA
μA
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TC78H653FTG
(Reference data) PD - Ta Characteristics
PD-Ta
2.0
1.8
1.6
PD (W)
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
Ta (°C)
When mounted on the board (JEDEC 4 layers)
Note: Characteristics shown above are reference values and not guaranteed.
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TC78H653FTG
Fault Detections
Thermal Shut Down (TSD)
When the junction temperature (Tj) of the IC exceeds 170°C (typ.), all outputs are turned off. When
the junction temperature (Tj) falls by 40°C (typ.) or more, it returns to the normal mode.
Note: Above TSD operation and release thresholds are reference values, and are not guaranteed.
Over Current Detection (ISD)
When the IC detects an over current in the output transistors (exceeding ISD operation threshold
value), all outputs are turned off. It has a dead band time of 1.5 μs (typ.) to avoid ISD false
triggering by switching noise. ISD releases when one of the followings occur:
1. Operation mode is re-configured after setting to the standby mode, set STBY to L then H.
2. Recycle the power supply.
Characteristics in Small mode
Characteristic in Large mode
VM-ISD threshold
(Reference data)
7.0
7.0
6.0
6.0
ISD threshold (A)
ISD threshold (A)
VM-ISD threshold
(Reference data)
H bridge lower side
5.0
Nch DMOS
4.0
3.0
2.0
H bridge high side
1.0
H bridge lower side
Nch DMOS
5.0
4.0
H bridge high side
3.0
Pch DMOS
2.0
1.0
Pch DMOS
0.0
0.0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
VM (V)
4
5
6
7
VM (V)
ISD threshold
Motor output current
Dead band time:
1.5 μs (typ.)
Output OFF
Note: Above ISD operation threshold value and dead band time are reference values, and are not
guaranteed.
Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO)
When VM pin voltage falls to less than 1.7 V (typ.), all outputs are turned off. UVLO is released
when VM pin voltage rises at or above 1.7 V (typ.).
Note: Above UVLO operation and release thresholds are reference values, and are not guaranteed.
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TC78H653FTG
Examples of Application Circuit
In Small mode for two Brushed motors (LARGE = L)
VM
Note 1
VM
STBY
OUT1
IN1/ENB_A
M
IN2/PHA_A
OUT2
TC78H653FTG
IN3/ENB_B
OUT3
IN4/PHA_B
M
LARGE
OUT4
MODE
GND
In Large mode for one Brushed motor (LARGE = H)
VM
Note 1
VM
STBY
OUT1
IN1/ENB_A
IN2/PHA_A
OUT2
M
TC78H653FTG
OUT3
LARGE
OUT4
MODE
GND
Note1: A power supply ceramics capacitor for noise absorption should be connected as close to the
IC as possible.
Note2: Utmost care is necessary in the design of VM and GND line since the IC may be destroyed
by short-circuiting between outputs, by short-circuiting to the power supply or ground, or by
short-circuiting between contiguous pins.
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Package Dimensions
P-VQFN16-0303-0.50-001
Unit: mm
Weight: 0.02 g (Typ.)
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Notes on Contents
1. Block Diagrams
Some of the functional blocks, circuits, or constants in the block diagram may be omitted or simplified
for explanatory purposes.
2. Equivalent Circuits
The equivalent circuit diagrams may be simplified or some parts of them may be omitted for
explanatory purposes.
3. Timing Charts
Timing charts may be simplified for explanatory purposes.
4. Application Circuits
The application circuits shown in this document are provided for reference purposes only. Thorough
evaluation is required, especially at the mass production design stage.
Providing these application circuit examples does not grant a license for industrial property rights.
5. Test Circuits
Components in the test circuits are used only to obtain and confirm the device characteristics. These
components and circuits are not guaranteed to prevent malfunction or failure from occurring in the
application equipment.
IC Usage Considerations
Notes on handling of ICs
[1] The absolute maximum ratings of a semiconductor device are a set of ratings that must not be
exceeded, even for a moment. Do not exceed any of these ratings.
Exceeding the rating(s) may cause the device breakdown, damage or deterioration, and may result
injury by explosion or combustion.
[2] Use an appropriate power supply fuse to ensure that a large current does not continuously flow in
case of over current and/or IC failure. The IC will fully break down when used under conditions that
exceed its absolute maximum ratings, when the wiring is routed improperly or when an abnormal
pulse noise occurs from the wiring or load, causing a large current to continuously flow and the
breakdown can lead smoke or ignition. To minimize the effects of the flow of a large current in case
of breakdown, appropriate settings, such as fuse capacity, fusing time and insertion circuit location,
are required.
[3] If your design includes an inductive load such as a motor coil, incorporate a protection circuit into
the design to prevent device malfunction or breakdown caused by the current resulting from the
inrush current at power ON or the negative current resulting from the back electromotive force at
power OFF. IC breakdown may cause injury, smoke or ignition.
Use a stable power supply with ICs with built-in protection functions. If the power supply is
unstable, the protection function may not operate, causing IC breakdown. IC breakdown may cause
injury, smoke or ignition.
[4] Do not insert devices in the wrong orientation or incorrectly.
Make sure that the positive and negative terminals of power supplies are connected properly.
Otherwise, the current or power consumption may exceed the absolute maximum rating, and
exceeding the rating(s) may cause the device breakdown, damage or deterioration, and may result
injury by explosion or combustion.
In addition, do not use any device that is applied the current with inserting in the wrong orientation
or incorrectly even just one time.
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TC78H653FTG
Points to remember on handling of ICs
(1) Thermal Shutdown Circuit
Thermal shutdown circuits do not necessarily protect ICs under all circumstances. If the thermal
shutdown circuits operate against the over temperature, clear the heat generation status
immediately.
Depending on the method of use and usage conditions, such as exceeding absolute maximum ratings
can cause the thermal shutdown circuit to not operate properly or IC breakdown before operation.
(2) Heat Radiation Design
In using an IC with large current flow such as power amp, regulator or driver, please design the
device so that heat is appropriately radiated, not to exceed the specified junction temperature (TJ)
at any time and condition. These ICs generate heat even during normal use. An inadequate IC heat
radiation design can lead to decrease in IC life, deterioration of IC characteristics or IC breakdown.
In addition, please design the device taking into considerate the effect of IC heat radiation with
peripheral components.
(3) Back-EMF
When a motor reverses the rotation direction, stops or slows down abruptly, a current flow back to the motor’s
power supply due to the effect of back-EMF. If the current sink capability of the power supply is small, the
device’s motor power supply and output pins might be exposed to conditions beyond absolute maximum ratings.
To avoid this problem, take the effect of back-EMF into consideration in system design.
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TC78H653FTG
RESTRICTIONS ON PRODUCT USE
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