Cool-Power®
ZVS Switching Regulators
PI358x-00
30 – 60VIN Cool-Power ZVS Buck Regulator
Product Description
Features & Benefits
The PI358x-00 is a family of high input voltage, wide‑input‑range
DC-DC ZVS Buck regulators integrating controller and
power switches within a high-density GQFN (UTAC's
Grid‑array QFN) package.
• High-Efficiency HV ZVS Buck Topology
The integration of a high-performance Zero-Voltage Switching
(ZVS) topology, within the PI358x-00 series, increases point‑of‑load
performance providing best-in-class power efficiency.
• Parallel capable with single-wire current sharing
• Wide input voltage range of 30 – 60V
• Power up into pre-biased load < 6V
• Input Over/Undervoltage Lockout (OVLO/UVLO)
• Output Overvoltage Protection (OVP)
Device
Output Voltage
IOUT Max
• Overtemperature Protection (OTP)
Set
Range
PI3583-00-QFYZ
3.3V
2.2 – 4.0V
10A
• Differential amplifier for output remote sensing
PI3585-00-QFYZ
5.0V
3.8 – 6.5V
10A
• User adjustable soft start & tracking
PI3586-00-QFYZ
12.0V
6.5 – 14V
9A
• –20 to 120°C operating range (TINT)
• Fast and slow current limits
Applications
• HV to PoL Buck Regulator Applications
• Computing, Communications, Industrial,
Automotive Equipment
Package Information
• 37-Pin GQFN
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 1 of 45
Rev 1.0
10/2018
PI358x-00
Contents
Order Information
3
Thermal, Storage and Handling Information
3
Output Voltage Set Point
37
Absolute Maximum Ratings
3
Soft Start Adjust and Tracking
37
Functional Block Diagram
4
Inductor Pairing
37
Pin Description
5
Parallel Operation
38
Package Pinout
6
Filter Considerations
38
PI358x-00 Common Electrical Characteristics
7
VDR Bias Regulator
39
PI3583-00 (3.3VOUT ) Electrical Characteristics
9
Additional System Design Considerations
39
PI3585-00 (5.0VOUT ) Electrical Characteristics
16
Layout Guidelines
40
PI3586-00 (12.0VOUT ) Electrical Characteristics
23
Recommended PCB Footprint
42
Functional Description
30
Package Drawings
43
Remote Sensing
30
Revision History
44
Soft Start
32
Warranty 45
Output Voltage Selection
32
Output Current Limit Protection
32
Input Undervoltage Lockout
32
Input Overvoltage Lockout
32
Output Overvoltage Protection
32
Overtemperature Protection
32
Pulse Skip Mode (PSM)
32
Variable Frequency Operation
32
Thermal Characteristics
32
SiP Power Dissipation as Percentage of Total System Losses
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 2 of 45
Application Description
36
Rev 1.0
10/2018
37
PI358x-00
Order Information
Product
Nominal Output
Rated IOUT
Package
Transport Media
PI3583-00-QFYZ
3.3V
10A
7 x 8mm GQFN
TRAY
PI3585-00-QFYZ
5.0V
10A
7 x 8mm GQFN
TRAY
PI3586-00-QFYZ
12.0V
9A
7 x 8mm GQFN
TRAY
Thermal, Storage and Handling Information
Name
Rating
Storage Temperature
–65 to 150°C
Internal Operating Temperature
–20 to 120°C
Soldering Temperature for 30 seconds
260°C
MSL Rating
MSL3
ESD Rating, JESD22-A114F, JS-002-2014
500V HBM; 200V CDM, respectively
Absolute Maximum Ratings [a]
Name
Rating
VIN
–0.7 to 75V
VS1
–6 [b] to 75V
VOUT
–0.5 to 25V
CR
–0.7 to 25V
CB
–0.3 to 5.5V with respect to CR
Q1B
–0.3 to 5.5V with respect to VS1
VBS
–0.7 to 75V
Q2G
–0.5 to 5.5V
SGND
±100mA
TRK
–0.3 to 5.5V, ±30mA
VDR, VCC, SYNCI, SYNCO, PWRGD, EN,
CC, CSL, COMP, EAO, EAIN, VDIFF, VSN, VSP, TESTx
–0.3 to 5.5V, ±5mA
[a]
Stresses beyond these limits may cause permanent damage to the device. Operation at these conditions or conditions beyond those listed in the
Electrical Specifications table is not guaranteed. All voltages are referenced to PGND unless otherwise noted.
[b] Peak during switching transient.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 3 of 45
Rev 1.0
10/2018
PI358x-00
Functional Block Diagram
Q1B
VS1
Q2G
CSL
CR
CB
VIN
VS1
Q1
VBS
Q2
VOUT
ZVS Control
Power
Control
VDR
VDR
VCC
ZVS Buck Control
SYNCO
and
SYNCI
PWRGD
EN
+
-
Digital Parametric Trim
+ VREF
VSN
VSP
VDIFF
EAIN
EAO
RZI
COMP
TRK
PGND
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 4 of 45
Rev 1.0
10/2018
LGH
SGND
TEST3
TEST2
TEST1
Simplified block diagram
PI358x-00
Pin Description
Name
Location
I/O
Description
PGND
1, 15, 37
Power
Power Ground: VIN and VOUT power returns
VS1
2
Power
Switching Node: and ZVS sense for power switches. Requires a schottky diode clamp with a low
inductance connection in parallel with an RC snubber for 1nF and 0.3Ω.
Refer to Table 1 for the recommended components.
3
Power
Input Voltage: for the power stage.
14
Power
Input Voltage: and sense for UVLO, OVLO and feed forward ramp.
CR
4
Power
ZVS control function node. Requires a 40V schottky diode clamp to PGND.
Refer to Table 1 for the recommended component.
CB
5
Power
ZVS control function node. Decouple with a 0.047µF capacitor between CB and CR.
Refer to Table 1 for the recommended component.
Q1B
6
Power
Q1 driver boost pin. Decouple with a 0.22µF capacitor in series with a 1.3Ω resistor
between Q1B and VS1. Refer to Table 1 for the recommended components.
CSL
7
Power
ZVS control function node. Connect to PGND.
Q2G
8
Power
Q2 gate drive. Leave open.
VDR
9
I/O
Gate Driver VCC: 5.1V gate driver bias supply. May be used as a bias supply for low power external loads. See Application Description for important considerations.
N/C
10-12
I/O
No Internal connection.
VBS
13
Power
Switching node for gate driver bias supply.
VOUT
16-19
Power
Output Voltage: Internal Clamp connection and sense for power switches and feed-forward ramp.
SYNCI
20
I
Synchronization Input: Synchronize to the falling edge of external clock frequency. SYNCI is a
high impedance digital input node and should always be connected to SGND when not in use. The
PI358x-00 family is not optimized for external synchronization functionality.
SYNCO
21
O
Synchronization Output: Outputs a high signal at the start of each clock cycle for the longer of
½ of the minimum period or the on time of the high-side power MOSFET.
TEST1
22
I/O
Factory Test: Use only with factory guidance. Connect to SGND for proper operation.
TEST2
23
I/O
Factory Test: Use only with factory guidance. Connect to SGND for proper operation.
TEST3
24
I/O
Factory Test: Use only with factory guidance. Leave open.
VIN
SGND
25
I/O
Signal Ground: Internal logic ground for EAO, EAIN, TRK, SYNCI, SYNCO communication returns.
SGND and PGND are not connected inside the package. SGND should be connected to the large
PGND island (controller paddle, pin 37) directly under the PI358x package. Sensitive analog nodes
should be connected to the SGND side of the connection.
VCC
26
I/O
Control Circuitry VCC: Analog & digital bias. Decouple with 2.2µF to SGND.
EN
27
I/O
Enable Input: Regulator enable control. Asserted high or left floating – regulator enabled;
Asserted low – regulator output disabled.
TRK
28
I
LGH
29
I/O
For factory use only. Connect to SGND in application.
COMP
30
O
Compensation Capacitor: Connect capacitor for control loop dominant pole.
See Error Amplifier section for details. A default CCOMP of 4.7nF is used in the example.
EAO
31
O
Error Amplifier Output: External connection for additional compensation and current sharing.
EAIN
32
I
Error Amplifier Inverting Input: Connection for the feedback divider tap.
VSN
33
I
Independent Amplifier Inverting Input: If unused connect in unity gain.
VSP
34
I
Independent Amplifier Non-Inverting Input: If unused connect to SGND.
VDIFF
35
O
Independent Amplifier Output: Active only when module is enabled.
PWRGD
36
O
Power Good: High impedance when regulator is operating and VOUT is in regulation.
Otherwise pulls to SGND.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 5 of 45
Soft Start and Track Input: An external capacitor with minimum capacitance of 47nF is required
to be connected between TRK pin and SGND to control the rate of rise during soft start.
Rev 1.0
10/2018
PI358x-00
Package Pinout
PGD VDIFF
36
1
35
VSP
VSN
EAIN
34
33
32
EAO COMP LGH
31
30
29
TRK
EN
VCC
28
27
26
PGND
2
VS1
PGND
25
SGND
24
TEST3
23
TEST2
22
TEST1
21
SYNCO
20
SYNCI
19
VOUT
18
VOUT
17
VOUT
16
VOUT
15
PGND
14
VIN
13
VBS
37
3
VIN
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
CR
CB
QIB
CSL
Q2G
VDR
N/C
N/C
N/C
PI358x
TOP THROUGH VIEW OF PRODUCT
GQFN PACKAGE
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 6 of 45
Rev 1.0
10/2018
PI358x-00
PI358x-00 Common Electrical Characteristics
Specifications apply for –20°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted. [c]
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Open Loop Gain
[d]
96
120
140
dB
Small Signal Gain-Bandwidth
[d]
5
7
12
MHz
0.5
1
mV
2.5
V
Differential Amp
Input Offset Error
Common-Mode Input Range
–0.1
Differential-Mode Input Range
2
V
Input Bias Current
–1
1
µA
Sink/Source Current
–1
1
mA
Maximum VOUT
IVDIFF = –1mA
Minimum VOUT
IVDIFF = –1mA
Capacitive Load Range for Stability
[j]
4.85
V
20
0
Slew Rate
50
11
mV
pF
V/µs
PWRGD
VOUT Rising Threshold
VPG_HI%
78
84
90
% VOUT_DC
VOUT Falling Threshold
VPG_LO%
75
81
87
% VOUT_DC
PWRGD Output Low
VPG_SAT
0.4
V
Sink = 4mA
[c]
All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI358x evaluation board with 3 x 3in
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[d] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[e] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when V
OUT is not set to nominal.
[f] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[g] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[h] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[i] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
[j] Informational only.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 7 of 45
Rev 1.0
10/2018
PI358x-00
PI358x-00 Common Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply for –20°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted. [c]
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
4.9
5.05
5.2
V
2
mA
VDR
Voltage Set Point
VVDR
VIN_DC > 10V
External Loading
IVDR
See Application Description for details
External Inductor
Between VDR and VBS
LVBS
External Capacitor
Between VDR and PGND
CVDR
0
External required components for VDR,
recommended to be an Inductor.
Refer to Table 1 for the recommended component.
External required components for VDR,
recommended to be a capacitor.
Refer to Table 1 for the recommended component.
10
µH
2.2
µF
Enable
High Threshold
VEN_HI
0.9
1.0
1.1
V
Low Threshold
VEN_LO
0.7
0.8
0.9
V
Threshold Hysteresis
VEN_HYS
100
200
300
mV
Pull-Up Voltage Level for
Source Current
VEN_PU
2
V
IEN_PU_POS
50
µA
MIL-HDBK-217, 25ºC, Ground Benign: GB
22.7
MHrs
Telcordia SR-332, 25ºC, Ground Benign: GB
191
MHrs
Pull-Up Current
Reliability
MTBF
[c]
All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI358x evaluation board with 3 x 3in
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[d] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[e] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when V
OUT is not set to nominal.
[f] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[g] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[h] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[i] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
[j] Informational only.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 8 of 45
Rev 1.0
10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3583-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics
Specifications apply for –20°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted. [c]
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
30
48
60
V
Input Specifications
Input Voltage
VIN_DC
Input Current
IIN_DC
Input Current at Output Short
(Fault Condition Duty Cycle)
IIN_Short
VIN = 48V, TCASE = 25°C, full load
Short at terminals
0.77
A
3
mA
Input Quiescent Current
IQ_VIN
Disabled
0.65
mA
Input Quiescent Current
IQ_VIN
Enabled, no load, TCASE = 25°C
1.8
mA
VIN_SR
[j]
VEAIN
[d]
Input Voltage Slew Rate
1
V/µs
Output Specifications
EAIN Voltage Total Regulation
Output Voltage Trim Range
VOUT_DC
[d] [e]
0.975
0.990
1.005
V
2.2
3.3
4.0
V
Line Regulation
ΔVOUT / ΔVIN
@ 25°C, 30V < VIN < 60V
0.10
Load Regulation
ΔVOUT / ΔIOUT
@ 25°C, 10% to 100% load
0.10
%
53
mVP-P
Output Voltage Ripple
VOUT_AC
Full load, COUT = 6 x 100µF, 20MHz BW [f]
Output Current
IOUT_DC
[g]
Current Limit
IOUT_CL
Typical current limit based on nominal 420nH inductor.
Maximum Array Size
NPARALLEL
0
%
10
11.5
[d]
A
A
3
Modules
Output Current, Array of 2
IOUT_DC_ARRAY2 Total array capability, [d] see applications section for details
0
[i]
A
Output Current, Array of 3
IOUT_DC_ARRAY3 Total array capability, [d] see applications section for details
0
[i]
A
27.0
29.1
V
2.08
2.50
V
Protection
Input UVLO Start Threshold
VUVLO_START
Input UVLO Stop Hysteresis
VUVLO_HYS
1.66
Input UVLO Response Time
Input OVLO Stop Threshold
Input OVLO Start Hysteresis
VOVLO_STOP
VOVLO_HYS
Input OVLO Start Threshold
VOVLO_START
Input OVLO Response Time
tf
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Relative
VOVP_REL
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Absolute
VOVP_ABS
[d]
Hysteresis active when OVLO present for at least tFR_DLY
[d]
[d]
1.25
µs
64.3
V
1.17
V
60.5
Above set VOUT
4.8
[c]
V
1.25
µs
20
%
5.3
V
All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI358x evaluation board with 3 x 3in
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[d] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[e] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when V
OUT is not set to nominal.
[f] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[g] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[h] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[i] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
[j] Informational only.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Page 9 of 45
Rev 1.0
10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3583-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply for –20°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted. [c]
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
470
500
530
kHz
Timing
Switching Frequency
Fault Restart Delay
fs
[h] While
in DCM operating mode only, SYNCI grounded
tFR_DLY
30
ms
Synchronization Input (SYNCI)
Synchronization Frequency Range
fSYNCI
SYNCI Threshold
VSYNCI
–50% and +10% relative to set switching frequency (fS),
while in DCM operating mode only. [e] and [h]
250
550
2.5
kHz
V
Synchronization Output (SYNCO)
SYNCO High
VSYNCO_HI
Source 1mA
4.5
V
SYNCO Low
VSYNCO_LO
Sink 1mA
SYNCO Rise Time
tSYNCO_RT
20pF load
10
ns
SYNCO Fall Time
tSYNCO_FT
20pF load
10
ns
0.5
V
Soft Start, Tracking and Error Amplifier
TRK Active Range (Nominal)
VTRK
0
1.4
TRK Enable Threshold
VTRK_OV
TRK to EAIN Offset
VEAIN_OV
40
80
120
mV
ITRK
30
50
70
µA
Charge Current (Soft Start)
Discharge Current (Fault)
ITRK_DIS
TRK Capacitance, External
CTRK_EXT
Soft Start Time
tSS
40
V
VTRK = 0.5V
CTRK = 47nF
Error Amplifier Transconductance
GMEAO
[d]
PSM Skip Threshold
PSMSKIP
[d]
ROUT
[d]
RZI
[d]
Error Amplifier Output Impedance
Internal Compensation Resistor
8.7
47
[c]
mV
mA
nF
0.94
ms
7.6
mS
0.8
V
1
MΩ
6
kΩ
All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI358x evaluation board with 3 x 3in
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[d] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[e] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when V
OUT is not set to nominal.
[f] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[g] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[h] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[i] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
[j] Informational only.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 10 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3583-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
4
94
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
3
2
1
0
10
2
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
4
60V
VIN:
7
6
8
9
10
30V
48V
9
10
9
10
60V
Figure 4 — System power dissipation, nominal trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
92
91
90
89
88
87
Power Dissipation (W)
4
86
85
84
83
82
3
2
1
0
81
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
2
10
3
4
VIN:
30V
48V
5
7
6
8
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
60V
Figure 2 — System efficiency, low trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
30V
48V
60V
Figure 5 — System power dissipation, low trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
5
Power Dissipation (W)
94
92
Efficiency (%)
5
Load Current (A)
Figure 1 — System efficiency, nominal trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
Efficiency (%)
3
90
88
86
84
82
80
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
30V
48V
Figure 3 — System efficiency, high trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
3
2
1
10
2
Load Current (A)
VIN:
4
3
4
5
7
6
8
Load Current (A)
60V
VIN:
30V
48V
Figure 6 — System power dissipation, high trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 11 of 45 10/2018
60V
PI358x-00
PI3583-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
5
94
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
4
3
2
1
0
10
2
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
VIN:
5
7
6
8
9
10
30V
48V
9
10
9
10
60V
Figure 10 — System power dissipation, nominal trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
5
94
Power Dissipation (W)
92
Efficiency (%)
4
Load Current (A)
Figure 7 — System efficiency, nominal trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
4
3
2
1
0
10
2
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
3
4
5
7
6
8
Load Current (A)
60V
VIN:
Figure 8 — System efficiency, low Trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
30V
48V
60V
Figure 11 — System power dissipation, low trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
6
94
Power Dissipation (W)
92
Efficiency (%)
3
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
30V
48V
Figure 9 — System efficiency, high trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
4
3
2
1
0
10
2
Load Current (A)
VIN:
5
3
4
5
7
6
8
Load Current (A)
60V
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 12 — System power dissipation, high trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 12 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3583-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
4
94
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
78
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
3
2
1
0
10
2
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
4
60V
VIN:
7
6
8
9
10
30V
48V
9
10
9
10
60V
Figure 16 — System power dissipation, nominal trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
92
Power Dissipation (W)
3
90
88
86
84
82
2
1
0
80
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
2
10
3
4
VIN:
30V
48V
5
7
6
8
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
60V
Figure 14 — System efficiency, low trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
30V
48V
60V
Figure 17 — System power dissipation, low trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
4
Power Dissipation (W)
94
92
Efficiency (%)
5
Load Current (A)
Figure 13 — System efficiency, nominal trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
Efficiency (%)
3
90
88
86
84
82
80
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
30V
48V
Figure 15 — System efficiency, high trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
2
1
0
10
2
Load Current (A)
VIN:
3
3
4
5
7
6
8
Load Current (A)
60V
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 18 — System power dissipation, high trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 13 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3583-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Figure 22 — Output short circuit, nominal line
Figure 20 — Output voltage ripple: nominal line, nominal trim,
100% load, COUT = 6 x 100µF ceramic, 20MHz BW
Figure 23 — Output voltage ripple: nominal line, nominal trim,
50% load, COUT = 6 x 100µF ceramic, 20MHz BW
500
Maximum Output Current (A)
Switching Frequency (kHz)
Figure 19 — Transient response: 50% to 100% load, at 1A/µs;
nominal line, nominal trim,
COUT = 6 x 100µF ceramic
480
460
440
420
400
380
360
340
320
300
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
10
8
Note:
SiP is based on VIN and VS1 paths
only. Inductor is based on base with
inclusion of GEL 30 interface
resistance (0.15mm thick; 3.5W/m-K
thermal conductivity), and all leads.
6
4
2
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Temperature of Isothermal SiP VIN and VS1 pins,
and PCB at Inductor (ºC)
60V
Figure 21 — Switching frequency vs. load, nominal trim
12
Figure 24 — System thermal specified operating area: max IOUT
at nominal trim vs. temperature at locations noted
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 14 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3583-00 (3.3VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
10
Output Current (A)
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0.8
1.3
2.3
1.8
2.8
EAO Voltage (V)
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 25 — Output current vs. VEAO, nominal trim
8
7
GMOD (S)
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0.8
1.3
2.3
1.8
2.8
EAO Voltage (V)
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 26 — Small-signal modulator gain vs. VEAO, nominal trim
45
40
rEQ_OUT (Ω)
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.8
1.3
1.8
2.3
2.8
EAO Voltage (V)
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 27 — rEQ_OUT vs VEAO, nominal trim
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 15 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3585-00 (5.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics
Specifications apply for –20°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted. [c]
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
30
48
60
V
Input Specifications
Input Voltage
VIN_DC
Input Current
IIN_DC
Input Current at Output Short
(Fault Condition Duty Cycle)
IIN_Short
VIN = 48V, TCASE = 25°C, full load
1.12
A
Short at terminals
1.8
mA
0.65
mA
2
mA
Input Quiescent Current
IQ_VIN
Disabled
Input Quiescent Current
IQ_VIN
Enabled, no load, TCASE = 25°C
VIN_SR
[j]
VEAIN
[d]
Input Voltage Slew Rate
1
V/µs
Output Specifications
EAIN Voltage Total Regulation
Output Voltage Trim Range
VOUT_DC
[d] [e]
0.975
0.990
1.005
V
3.8
5.0
6.5
V
Line Regulation
ΔVOUT / ΔVIN
@ 25°C, 30V < VIN < 60V
0.10
Load Regulation
ΔVOUT / ΔIOUT
@ 25°C, 10% to 100% load
0.10
%
60
mVP-P
Output Voltage Ripple
VOUT_AC
Full load, COUT = 6 x 47µF, 20MHz BW [f]
Output Current
IOUT_DC
[g]
Current Limit
IOUT_CL
Typical current limit based on nominal 420nH inductor.
Maximum Array Size
NPARALLEL
0
%
10
11.5
[d]
A
A
3
Modules
Output Current, Array of 2
IOUT_DC_ARRAY2 Total array capability, [d] see applications section for details
0
[i]
A
Output Current, Array of 3
IOUT_DC_ARRAY3 Total array capability, [d] see applications section for details
0
[i]
A
27.0
29.1
V
2.08
2.50
V
Protection
Input UVLO Start Threshold
VUVLO_START
Input UVLO Stop Hysteresis
VUVLO_HYS
1.66
Input UVLO Response Time
Input OVLO Stop Threshold
Input OVLO Start Hysteresis
VOVLO_STOP
VOVLO_HYS
Input OVLO Start Threshold
VOVLO_START
Input OVLO Response Time
tf
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Relative
VOVP_REL
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Absolute
VOVP_ABS
[d]
Hysteresis active when OVLO present for at least tFR_DLY
[d]
[d]
µs
64.3
V
1.17
V
60.5
Above set VOUT
[c]
1.25
6.7
V
1.25
µs
20
%
7.5
V
All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI358x evaluation board with 3 x 3in
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[d] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[e] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when V
OUT is not set to nominal.
[f] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[g] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[h] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[i] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
[j] Informational only.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 16 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3585-00 (5.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply for –20°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted. [c]
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
564
600
636
kHz
Timing
Switching Frequency
Fault Restart Delay
fs
[h] While
in DCM operating mode only, SYNCI grounded
tFR_DLY
30
ms
Synchronization Input (SYNCI)
Synchronization Frequency Range
fSYNCI
SYNCI Threshold
VSYNCI
–50% and +10% relative to set switching frequency (fS),
while in DCM operating mode only. [e] and [h]
300
660
2.5
kHz
V
Synchronization Output (SYNCO)
SYNCO High
VSYNCO_HI
Source 1mA
4.5
V
SYNCO Low
VSYNCO_LO
Sink 1mA
SYNCO Rise Time
tSYNCO_RT
20pF load
10
ns
SYNCO Fall Time
tSYNCO_FT
20pF load
10
ns
0.5
V
Soft Start, Tracking and Error Amplifier
TRK Active Range (Nominal)
VTRK
0
1.4
TRK Enable Threshold
VTRK_OV
TRK to EAIN Offset
VEAIN_OV
40
80
120
mV
ITRK
30
50
70
µA
Charge Current (Soft Start)
Discharge Current (Fault)
ITRK_DIS
TRK Capacitance, External
CTRK_EXT
Soft Start Time
tSS
40
V
VTRK = 0.5V
CTRK = 47nF
Error Amplifier Transconductance
GMEAO
[d]
PSM Skip Threshold
PSMSKIP
[d]
ROUT
[d]
RZI
[d]
Error Amplifier Output Impedance
Internal Compensation Resistor
8.7
47
[c]
mV
mA
nF
0.94
ms
7.6
mS
0.8
V
1
MΩ
6
kΩ
All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI358x evaluation board with 3 x 3in
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[d] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[e] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when V
OUT is not set to nominal.
[f] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[g] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[h] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[i] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
[j] Informational only.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 17 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
5
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
PI3585-00 (5.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
4
3
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
3
4
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
30V
VIN:
60V
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
7
8
9
10
48V
30V
9
10
9
10
60V
4
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
3
2
1
0
10
2
3
4
VIN:
48V
30V
5
6
7
8
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
60V
Figure 29 — System efficiency, low trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
48V
30V
60V
Figure 32 — System power dissipation, low trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
5
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
6
Figure 31 — System power dissipation, nominal trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
Figure 28 — System efficiency, nominal trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
86
85
5
Load Current (A)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4
3
2
1
10
2
3
4
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
Figure 30 — System efficiency, high trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
5
6
7
8
Load Current (A)
VIN:
60V
30V
48V
Figure 33 — System power dissipation, high trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 18 of 45 10/2018
60V
PI358x-00
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
6
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
PI3585-00 (5.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
5
4
3
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
3
4
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
30V
VIN:
60V
6
7
8
9
10
48V
30V
9
10
9
10
60V
Figure 37 — System power dissipation, nominal trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
6
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
Figure 34 — System efficiency, nominal trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
5
4
3
2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
3
4
Load Current (A)
VIN:
48V
30V
5
6
7
8
Load Current (A)
VIN:
60V
Figure 35 — System efficiency, low Trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
48V
30V
60V
Figure 38 — System power dissipation, low trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
7
94
Power Dissipation (W)
93
92
Efficiency (%)
5
Load Current (A)
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
30V
48V
Figure 36 — System efficiency, high trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
5
4
3
2
1
10
2
Load Current (A)
VIN:
6
3
4
5
6
7
8
Load Current (A)
60V
VIN:
30V
48V
Figure 39 — System power dissipation, high trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 19 of 45 10/2018
60V
PI358x-00
PI3585-00 (5.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
96
4.5
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
10
2
3
4
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
VIN:
7
6
8
9
10
30V
48V
9
10
60V
Figure 43 — System power dissipation, nominal trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
96
4
94
3.5
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
Figure 40 — System efficiency, nominal trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
10
2
3
4
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
5
7
6
8
Load Current (A)
60V
VIN:
Figure 41 — System efficiency, low trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
30V
48V
60V
Figure 44 — System power dissipation, low trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
96
6
Power Dissipation (W)
94
Efficiency (%)
5
Load Current (A)
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
5
4
3
2
1
0
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
10
2
3
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
Figure 42 — System efficiency, high trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
4
5
7
6
8
Load Current (A)
60V
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 45 — System power dissipation, high trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 20 of 45 10/2018
9
10
PI358x-00
PI3585-00 (5.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Figure 46 — Transient response: 50% to 100% load, at 1A/µs;
nominal line, nominal trim,
COUT = 6 x 47µF ceramic
Figure 49 — Output short circuit, nominal line
Figure 47 — Output voltage ripple: nominal line, nominal trim,
100% load, COUT = 6 x 47µF ceramic, 20MHz BW
Figure 50 — Output voltage ripple: nominal line, nominal trim,
50% load, COUT = 6 x 47µF ceramic, 20MHz BW
Maximum Output Current (A)
600
Frequency (kHz)
575
550
525
500
475
450
425
400
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
10
8
Note:
SiP is based on VIN and VS1 paths
only. Inductor is based on base with
inclusion of GEL 30 interface
resistance (0.15mm thick; 3.5W/m-K
thermal conductivity), and all leads.
6
4
2
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Temperature of Isothermal SiP VIN and VS1 pins,
and PCB at Inductor (ºC)
60V
Figure 48 — Switching frequency vs. load, nominal trim
12
Figure 51 — System thermal specified operating area: max IOUT
at nominal trim vs. temperature at locations noted
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 21 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3585-00 (5.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
10
Output Current (A)
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0.8
1.3
1.8
2.3
2.8
EAO Voltage (V)
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 52 — Output current vs. VEAO, nominal trim
10
GMOD (S)
8
6
4
2
1
0.8
1.3
1.8
2.8
2.3
EAO Voltage (V)
VIN:
48V
30V
60V
Figure 53 — Small-signal modulator gain vs. VEAO, nominal trim
35
30
rEQ_OUT (Ω)
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
EAO Voltage (V)
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 54 — rEQ_OUT vs VEAO, nominal trim
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 22 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3586-00 (12.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics
Specifications apply for –20°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted. [c]
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
30
48
60
V
Input Specifications
Input Voltage
VIN_DC
Input Current
IIN_DC
Input Current at Output Short
(Fault Condition Duty Cycle)
IIN_Short
VIN = 48V, TCASE = 25°C, full load
2.35
A
Short at terminals
3.5
mA
0.65
mA
3
mA
Input Quiescent Current
IQ_VIN
Disabled
Input Quiescent Current
IQ_VIN
Enabled, no load, TCASE = 25°C
VIN_SR
[j]
VEAIN
[d]
Input Voltage Slew Rate
1
V/µs
Output Specifications
EAIN Voltage Total Regulation
Output Voltage Trim Range
VOUT_DC
[d] [e]
Line Regulation
ΔVOUT / ΔVIN
@ 25°C, 30V < VIN < 60V
Load Regulation
ΔVOUT / ΔIOUT
0.975
0.990
1.005
V
6.5
12.0
14.0
V
0.1
%
@ 25°C, 10% to 100% load
0.1
%
Output Voltage Ripple
VOUT_AC
Full load, COUT = 6 x 10µF, 20MHz BW [f]
115
mVP-P
Output Current
IOUT_DC
[g]
Current Limit
IOUT_CL
Typical current limit based on nominal 900nH inductor
Maximum Array Size
NPARALLEL
0
9
10.5
[d]
A
A
3
Modules
Output Current, Array of 2
IOUT_DC_ARRAY2 Total array capability, [d] see applications section for details
0
[i]
A
Output Current, Array of 3
IOUT_DC_ARRAY3 Total array capability, [d] see applications section for details
0
[i]
A
27.0
29.1
V
2.08
2.50
V
Protection
Input UVLO Start Threshold
VUVLO_START
Input UVLO Stop Hysteresis
VUVLO_HYS
1.66
Input UVLO Response Time
Input OVLO Stop Threshold
Input OVLO Start Hysteresis
VOVLO_STOP
VOVLO_HYS
Input OVLO Start Threshold
VOVLO_START
Input OVLO Response Time
tf
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Relative
VOVP_REL
Output Overvoltage Protection,
Absolute
VOVP_ABS
[d]
Hysteresis active when OVLO present for at least tFR_DLY
[d]
[d]
µs
64.3
V
1.17
V
60.5
Above set VOUT
[c]
1.25
14.7
V
1.25
µs
20
%
15.8
V
All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI358x evaluation board with 3 x 3in
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[d] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[e] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when V
OUT is not set to nominal.
[f] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[g] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[h] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[i] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
[j] Informational only.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 23 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3586-00 (12.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Specifications apply for –20°C < TINT < 120°C, VIN = 48V, EN = High, unless otherwise noted. [c]
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
658
700
742
kHz
Timing
Switching Frequency
Fault Restart Delay
fs
[h] While
in DCM operating mode only, SYNCI grounded
tFR_DLY
30
ms
Synchronization Input (SYNCI)
Synchronization Frequency Range
fSYNCI
SYNCI Threshold
VSYNCI
–50% and +10% relative to set switching frequency (fS),
while in DCM operating mode only. [e] and [h]
350
770
2.5
kHz
V
Synchronization Output (SYNCO)
SYNCO High
VSYNCO_HI
Source 1mA
4.5
V
SYNCO Low
VSYNCO_LO
Sink 1mA
SYNCO Rise Time
tSYNCO_RT
20pF load
10
ns
SYNCO Fall Time
tSYNCO_FT
20pF load
10
ns
0.5
V
Soft Start, Tracking and Error Amplifier
TRK Active Range (Nominal)
VTRK
0
1.4
TRK Enable Threshold
VTRK_OV
TRK to EAIN Offset
VEAIN_OV
40
80
120
mV
ITRK
30
50
70
µA
Charge Current (Soft Start)
Discharge Current (Fault)
ITRK_DIS
TRK Capacitance, External
CTRK_EXT
Soft Start Time
tSS
40
V
VTRK = 0.5V
CTRK = 47nF
Error Amplifier Transconductance
GMEAO
[d]
PSM Skip Threshold
PSMSKIP
[d]
ROUT
[d]
RZI
[d]
Error Amplifier Output Impedance
Internal Compensation Resistor
8.7
47
[c]
mV
mA
nF
0.94
ms
7.6
mS
0.8
V
1
MΩ
6
kΩ
All parameters reflect regulator and inductor system performance. Measurements were made using a standard PI358x evaluation board with 3 x 3in
dimensions and 4 layer, 2oz copper. Refer to inductor pairing table within Application Description section for specific inductor manufacturer and value.
[d] Regulator is assured to meet performance specifications by design, test correlation, characterization, and/or statistical process control.
Output voltage is determined by an external feedback divider ratio.
[e] Output current capability may be limited and other performance may vary from noted electrical characteristics when V
OUT is not set to nominal.
[f] Refer to Output Ripple plots.
[g] Refer to Load Current vs. Ambient Temperature curves.
[h] Refer to Switching Frequency vs. Load current curves.
[i] Contact factory applications for array derating and layout best practices to minimize sharing errors.
[j] Informational only.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 24 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3586-00 (12.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
4.5
Power Dissipation (W)
5
98
Efficiency (%)
100
96
94
92
90
88
86
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
84
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
9
3
4
VIN:
30V
48V
VIN:
60V
Figure 55 — System efficiency, nominal trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
7
8
9
30V
48V
8
9
60V
Power Dissipation (W)
4
95
Efficiency (%)
6
Figure 58 — System power dissipation, nominal trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
100
90
85
80
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
75
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
9
3
4
VIN:
30V
5
6
7
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
48V
VIN:
60V
Figure 56 — System efficiency, low trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
30V
48V
60V
Figure 59 — System power dissipation, low trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
100
Power Dissipation (W)
6
95
Efficiency (%)
5
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
90
85
80
5
4
3
2
1
0
75
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
9
3
VIN:
30V
48V
Figure 57 — System efficiency, high trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
4
5
6
7
8
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
60V
30V
48V
60V
Figure 60 — System power dissipation, high trim,
board temperature = 25ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 25 of 45 10/2018
9
PI358x-00
PI3586-00 (12.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
98
6
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
5
4
3
2
1
0
90
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
9
3
4
VIN:
30V
48V
VIN:
60V
6
7
8
9
30V
48V
8
9
8
9
60V
Figure 64 — System power dissipation, nominal trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
96
5
95
4.5
Power Dissipation (W)
Efficiency (%)
Figure 61 — System efficiency, nominal trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
94
93
92
91
90
89
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
88
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
9
3
4
VIN:
30V
5
6
7
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
48V
VIN:
60V
Figure 62 — System efficiency, low Trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
30V
48V
60V
Figure 65 — System power dissipation, low trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
6
Power Dissipation (W)
98
97
Efficiency (%)
5
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
96
95
94
93
92
5
4
3
2
1
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
Figure 63 — System efficiency, high trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
4
5
6
7
Load Current (A)
60V
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 66 — System power dissipation, high trim,
board temperature = 90ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 26 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3586-00 (12.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
98
Power Dissipation (W)
5
Efficiency (%)
97
96
95
94
93
92
4
3
2
1
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
9
1
2
VIN:
30V
48V
VIN:
60V
Figure 67 — System efficiency, nominal trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
5
7
6
8
9
30V
48V
8
9
8
9
60V
4
Power Dissipation (W)
97
Efficiency (%)
4
Figure 70 — System power dissipation, nominal trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
98
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
3
2
1
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
9
1
2
VIN:
30V
3
4
5
7
6
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
48V
VIN:
60V
Figure 68 — System efficiency, low trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
30V
48V
60V
Figure 71 — System power dissipation, low trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
98
6
Power Dissipation (W)
97.5
97
Efficiency (%)
3
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
96.5
96
95.5
95
94.5
94
93.5
93
5
4
3
2
1
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
9
1
VIN:
30V
48V
Figure 69 — System efficiency, high trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
2
3
4
5
7
6
Load Current (A)
Load Current (A)
VIN:
60V
30V
48V
60V
Figure 72 — System power dissipation, high trim,
board temperature = –20ºC
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 27 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3586-00 (12.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
Figure 73 — Transient response: 50% to 100% load, at 1A/µs;
nominal line, nominal trim,
COUT = 6 x 47µF ceramic
Figure 76 — Output short circuit, nominal line
Figure 74 — Output voltage ripple: nominal line, nominal trim,
100% load, COUT = 6 x 47µF ceramic, 20MHz BW
Figure 77 — Output voltage ripple: nominal line, nominal trim,
50% load, COUT = 6 x 47µF ceramic, 20MHz BW
Maximum Output Current (A)
Switching Frequency (kHz)
750
700
650
600
550
500
450
400
350
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Load Current (A)
VIN:
30V
48V
9
8
7
6
Notes:
1. SiP is based on VIN and VS1 paths only.
2. Inductor is based on two leads and base
with inclusion of GEL 30 interface resistance
(0.15mm thick; 3.5W/m-K thermal conductivity).
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Temperature of Isothermal SiP VIN and VS1 pins,
and PCB at Inductor (ºC)
60V
Figure 75 — Switching frequency vs. load, nominal trim
10
Figure 78 — System thermal specified operating area: max IOUT
at nominal trim vs. temperature at locations noted
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 28 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
PI3586-00 (12.0VOUT) Electrical Characteristics (Cont.)
10
Output Current (A)
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
2.6
2.8
EAO Voltage (V)
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 79 — Output current vs. VEAO, nominal trim
8
7
GMOD (S)
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
EAO Voltage (V)
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 80 — Small-signal modulator gain vs. VEAO, nominal trim
60
rEQ_OUT (Ω)
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
EAO Voltage (V)
VIN:
30V
48V
60V
Figure 81 — rEQ_OUT vs VEAO, nominal trim
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 29 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
Functional Description
ENABLE (EN)
The PI358x-00 is a family of highly integrated ZVS Buck regulators.
The PI358x-00 has an output voltage that can be set within a
prescribed range. Performance and maximum output current are
characterized with a specific external power inductor (see Table 4).
EN is the enable pin of the converter. The EN pin is referenced
to SGND and permits the user to turn the regulator on or off.
The EN default polarity is a positive logic assertion. If the EN pin
is left floating or asserted high, the converter output is enabled.
Pulling EN pin below VEN_LO with respect to SGND will disable the
regulator output.
For basic operation, Figure 82 shows the connections and
components required. No additional design or settings are required.
If the exact recommended part cannot be used, the description
column of Table 1 serves as a guidance for an alternate part. Any
substitute parts should be equal to or better than the original for
all parameters.
Reasonable engineering judgment in making the choices for
alternative components and a detailed verification of the
performance would be highly recommended.
Remote Sensing
If remote sensing is required, the PI358x-00 product family is
equipped with a general purpose op-amp. This amplifier can allow
full differential remote sense by configuring it as a differential
follower and connecting the VDIFF pin to the EAIN pin.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 30 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
DCR
CSL
CCR
CR
CB
CQ1B RQ1B
Q2G
Q1B
VIN
VIN
CIN
CIN_HF
PGND
RVS1
CVS1
DVS1
VBS
VOUT
LVBS
VDR
CVDR
L1
VS1
COUT
COUT_HF
VSP
VSN
VDIFF
ZVS Buck
VCC
VOUT
CVCC
REA1
EAIN
SYNCO
SYNCI
PWRGD
EN
EAO
COMP
LGH
SGND
TEST3
TEST2
TEST1
TRK
CEAIN
CHF
REA2
CCOMP
CTRK
Figure 82 — ZVS Buck with required components
Reference Designation
COUT
CIN
Manufacturer
Part Number
Value
Description
Refer to Table 6 – Recommended input and output capacitor components
COUT_HF
Murata
GRM21BR72A474KA73K
0.47µF
Capacitor, X7R Ceramic, 0.47uF, 100V, 10%, 0805
CIN_HF
Murata
GRM21BR72A474KA73K
0.47µF
Capacitor, X7R Ceramic, 0.47µF, 100V, 10%, 0805
CQ1B
TDK
C1608X7R1C224K080AC
0.22µF
Capacitor, X7R, 0.22µF, 16V, 10%, 0603
RQ1B
Rohm
ESR03EZPJ1R3
1.3Ω
RES SMD 1.3Ω 5% 1/4W 0603
DCR
Nexperia
PMEG4002EL
CCR
Murata
GCM188R71H473KA55D
DVS1
Nexperia
PMEG10010ELR
CVS1
TDK
C1608C0G2A102J080AA
1nF
Capacitor, C0G, 100V, 1nF, 5%, 0603
RVS1
Samsung
RUT1608FR300CS
0.3Ω
RES SMD 300mΩ 1%1/8W 0603
LVBS
TDK
MLZ2012M100HT
10µH
Inductor, 10µH ±20%, 300mA, 2Mhz, 0805
CVDR, CVCC
Murata
GRM188R71A225KE15D
2.2µF
Capacitor, X7R Ceramic, 2.2µF, 10V, 0603
CEAIN
56pF
CCOMP
4.7nF
CHF
56pF
CTRK
47nF
L1
REA1
REA2
Refer to Inductor Pairing
Refer to Application Description for Output Voltage Set Point
Table 1 — List of recommended components
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 31 of 45 10/2018
Diode, Schottky, PMEG4002EL
Philips, 40V, 200mA, SOD882
47nF
Capacitor, Ceramic, 47nF, 50V, 0603
Diode, Schottky, 100V, 1A,
low VF, low leakage current, SOD123W
PI358x-00
Soft Start
Output Overvoltage Protection
The PI358x-00 requires an external soft-start capacitor from the
TRK pin to SGND to control the rate of rise of the output voltage.
Increasing the capacitance of this soft-start capacitor will increase
the start-up ramp period. See, “Soft Start Adjustment and Track,”
in the Applications Description section for more details.
The PI358x-00 family is equipped with output Overvoltage
Protection (OVP) to prevent damage to input voltage sensitive
devices. If the output voltage exceeds VOVP-REL or VOVP-ABS, the
regulator will complete the current cycle and stop switching. The
system will resume operation once the output voltage falls below
the OVP threshold and after Fault Restart Delay.
Output Voltage Selection
The PI358x-00 output voltage can be set with REA1 and REA2
as shown in Figure 82. Table 2 defines the allowable operational
voltage ranges for the PI358x-00 family. Refer to the Output
Voltage Set Point Application Description for details.
Overtemperature Protection
Nominal
Range
PI3583-00-QFYZ
3.3V
2.2 – 4.0V
The PI358x features an over temperature protection (OTP), which
will not engage until after the product is operated above the
maximum rated temperature. The OTP circuit is only designed to
protect against catastrophic failure due to excessive temperatures
and should not be relied upon to ensure the device stays within
the recommended operating temperature range. Thermal
shutdown terminates switching and discharges the soft-start
capacitor. The PI358x will restart after the excessive temperature
decreases by 30ºC.
PI3585-00-QFYZ
5.0V
3.8 – 6.5V
Pulse Skip Mode (PSM)
PI3586-00-QFYZ
12.0V
6.5 – 14V
PI358x-00 features a Pulse Skip Mode (PSM) to achieve high
efficiency at light loads. The regulators are setup to skip pulses
if EAO falls below a PSM threshold (PSMSKIP). Depending on
conditions and component values, this may result in single pulses
or several consecutive pulses followed by skipped pulses. Skipping
cycles significantly reduces gate drive power and improves light
load efficiency. The regulator will leave PSM once the EAO rises
above the Pulse Skip Mode threshold.
Device
Output Voltage
Table 2 — PI358x-00 family output voltage ranges
Output Current Limit Protection
The PI358x-00 has a current limit protection, which prevents
the output from sourcing current higher than the regulator’s
maximum rated current. If the output current exceeds the Current
Limit (IOUT_CL) for 1024μs, a slow current limit fault is initiated and
the regulator is shutdown which eliminates output current flow.
After Fault Restart Delay (tFR_DLY ), a soft-start cycle is initiated.
This restart cycle will be repeated indefinitely until the excessive
load is removed.
Variable Frequency Operation
The PI358x-00 also has short circuit protection which can rapidly
stop switching to protect against catastrophic failure of an external
component such as a saturated inductor. If short circuit protection
is triggered the PI358x-00 will complete the current cycle and stop
switching. The module will attempt to soft start after Fault Restart
Delay (tFR_DLY ).
Each PI358x-00 is preprogrammed to a base operating frequency,
with respect to the power stage inductor (see Table 3), to operate
at peak efficiency across line and load variations. At higher loads,
the base operating frequency will decrease to accommodate
storage of more energy in the main inductor. By increasing the
switching period, ZVS operation is preserved throughout the total
input line and output trim voltage ranges, maintaining optimum
efficiency. The ZVS operation is preserved throughout the total
input line voltage range therefore maintaining optimum efficiency.
Input Undervoltage Lockout
Thermal Characteristics
If VIN falls below the input Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) threshold,
but remains high enough to power the bias supply, the PI358x-00
will complete the current cycle and stop switching. The system
will soft start once the input voltage is reestablished and after the
Fault Restart Delay.
Figure 83(a) and 83(c) thermal impedance models that can predict
the maximum temperature of the hottest component for a given
operating condition. This model assumes that all customer PCB
connections are at one temperature, which is PCB equivalent
Temperature TPCB °C.
Input Overvoltage Lockout
The SiP model can be simplified as shown in Figure 83(b). which
assumes all PCB nodes are at the same temperature.
If VIN exceeds the input Overvoltage Lockout (OVLO) threshold
(VOVLO), while the controller is running, the PI358x-00 will
complete the current cycle and stop switching. If VIN remains above
OVLO for at least tFR_DLY, then the input voltage is considered
reestablished once VIN goes below VOVLO -VOVLO_HYS. If VIN goes
below OVLO before tFR_DLY elapses, then the input voltage is
considered reestablished once VIN goes below VOVLO. The system
will soft start once the input voltage is reestablished and after the
Fault Restart Delay.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 32 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
Maximum SiP Internal Temperature
TINT ( oC )
Thermal Resistance
SiP Case Top
θINT-TOP oC / W
SiP Power
Dissipation
PDSiP (W)
Thermal Resistances θINT-VIN
o
SiP PCB Pads
C/W
SiP Case Top
Temperature
TTOP oC
SiP PCB Pad
Temperatures
TVIN
o
C
θINT-VS1
o
C/W
θINT-PGND
o
C/W
TVS1
o
C
TPGND
o
C
(a)
Maximum SiP Internal Temperature
TINT ( oC )
SiP Power
Dissipation
PDSiP (W)
Thermal Resistance
SiP PCB Equivalent
θINT-PCB oC / W
Thermal Resistance
SiP Case Top
θINT-TOP oC / W
SiP PCB Common
Temperature
TPCB oC
Case Top
Temperature
TTOP oC
(b)
Maximum Inductor Internal Temperature
TINT ( oC )
Inductor Power
Dissipation
PDIND (W)
Thermal Resistance
Inductor Case Top
θINT-TOP oC / W
Thermal Resistance
Inductor Case Bottom
θINT-BOTTOM oC / W
Inductor Case Top
Temperature
TTOP oC
Inductor Case Bottom
Temperature
TBOTTOM oC
Thermal Resistances θINT-LEAD1
o
Inductor PCB Pads
C/W
Inductor PCB Pad
Temperatures
TVS1
o
C
(c)
Figure 83 — PI358x-00 thermal model (a), SiP simplified version (b) and inductor thermal model (c)
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 33 of 45 10/2018
θINT-LEAD2
o
C/W
θINT-TAB
o
C/W
TVOUT
o
C
TTAB
o
C
PI358x-00
Where the symbol in Figure 83(a) and (b) is defined as the following:
θINT-TOP
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the top side
θINT-PCB
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the customer PCB, assuming all pins are
at one temperature.
θINT-VIN
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the circuit board VIN pads.
θINT-VS1
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the circuit board VS1 pads.
the thermal impedance from the hottest component inside the SiP to the circuit board
for PGND pin 1 and pin 37 combined.
θINT-PGND
Where the symbol in Figure 83(c) is defined as the following:
θINT-TOP
the thermal impedance from the hot spot to the top surface of the core.
θINT-BOT
the thermal impedance from the hot spot to the bottom surface of the core.
θINT-TAB
the thermal impedance from the hot spot to the metal mounting tab on the core body.
θINT-LEAD1
the thermal impedance from the hot spot to one of the mounting leads.
Since the leads are the same thermal impedance, there is no need to specify by explicit pin number.
θINT-LEAD2
the thermal impedance from the hot spot to the other mounting lead.
The following equation can predict the junction temperature
based on the heat load applied to the SiP and the known ambient
conditions with the simplified thermal circuit model:
TINT =
PD +
TTOP
θINT-TOP
1
θINT-TOP
+
+
TPCB
θINT-PCB
1
(1)
θINT-PCB
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 34 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
Thermal Characteristics (Cont.)
Product
System
Simplified SiP
Thermal Impedances
θINT-TOP
Detailed SiP Thermal Impedances
(°C / W)
(°C / W)
θINT-PCB
(°C / W)
θINT-TOP
(°C / W)
θINT-VIN
(°C / W)
θINT-VS1
θINT-PGND
PI3583-00
44
0.53
44
1.4
0.95
7.7
PI3585-00
54
0.64
54
2.6
0.92
9.6
PI3586-00
29
0.42
29
0.88
1.2
2.2
(°C / W)
Table 3 — PI358x-00 SiP thermal impedance
Product
System
Inductor Part
Number
Thermal Impedances
θINT-TOP
(°C / W)
θINT-LEAD1, θINT-LEAD2
(°C / W)
θINT-BOTTOM
(°C / W)
(°C / W)
θINT-TAB
PI3583-00
HCV1206-R42-R
68
58
16
180
PI3585-00
HCV1206-R42-R
110
58
21
140
PI3586-00
HCV1206-R90-R
13
40
20
190
Table 4 — Inductor thermal model parameters
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 35 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
SiP Power Dissipation as Percentage of Total System Losses
100
SiP Dissipation
(% Total Loss)
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
VIN (V)
IOUT % Rated Load:
10%
30%
100%
Figure 84 — PI3583-00-QFYZ
100
SiP Dissipation
(% Total Loss)
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
VIN (V)
IOUT % Rated Load:
10%
30%
100%
Figure 85 — PI3585-00-QFYZ
100
SiP Dissipation
(% Total Loss)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
VIN (V)
IOUT % Rated Load:
10%
30%
100%
Figure 86 — PI3586-00-QFYZ
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 36 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
Application Description
Output Voltage Set Point
VOUT 1
The PI358x-00 family of Buck Regulators utilizes VREF, an internal
reference for regulating the output voltage. The output voltage
setting is accomplished using external resistors as shown in
Figure 87. Select R2 to be at or around 1kΩ for best noise
immunity. Use Equations 2 and 3 to determine the proper
value based on the desired output voltage.
VOUT 2
(a)
Master VOUT
VOUT 2
(b)
t
VOUT
Figure 88 — PI358x-00 tracking responses
R1
+
For Direct Tracking, choose the PI358x-00 with the highest output
voltage as the master and connect the master to the TRK pin of the
other PI358x-00 regulators through a divider (Figure 88) with the
same ratio as the slave’s feedback divider.
EAIN
VREF
EAO
R2
RZI
COMP
Master VOUT
Figure 87 — External resistor divider network
R1 + R2
VOUT = VREF •
R2
R1 = R2 •
VOUT – VREF
VREF
R1
PI358x
TRK
(2)
Slave
R2
SGND
(3)
Figure 89 — Voltage divider connections for direct tracking
Where:
VREF = VEAIN
Soft Start Adjust and Tracking
The TRK pin offers a means to adjust the regulator’s soft-start
time or to track with additional regulators. The soft-start slope
is controlled by an external capacitor and a fixed charge current
to provide a Soft-Start Time tSS for all PI358x-00 regulators. The
following equation can be used to calculate the proper capacitor
for a desired soft-start times:
CTRK = ( tTRK • ITRK )
All connected PI358x-00 regulator soft-start slopes will track
with this method. Direct tracking timing is demonstrated in
Figure 88(b). All tracking regulators should have their Enable (EN)
pins connected together to work properly.
Inductor Pairing
The PI358x-00 utilizes an external inductor. This inductor has
been optimized for maximum efficiency performance. Table 5
details the specific inductor value and part number utilized for
each PI358x-00.
(4)
Value
(nH)
Mfr.
Part Number
PI3583-00-QFYZ
420
Eaton
HCV1206-R42-R
125
PI3585-00-QFYZ
420
Eaton
HCV1206-R42-R
125
PI3586-00-QFYZ
900
Eaton
HCV1206-R90-R
125
where tTRK is the soft-start time and ITRK is a 50µA internal charge
current (see Electrical Characteristics for limits).
There is typically either proportional or direct tracking implemented
within a design. For proportional tracking between several
regulators at start up, simply connect all PI358x-00 device TRK pins
together. This type of tracking will force all connected regulators to
start up and reach regulation at the same time (see Figure 88(a)).
Max Operating
Temperature
Product
System
Table 5 — PI358x-00 inductor pairing
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 37 of 45 10/2018
TINT-IND
(°C)
PI358x-00
Parallel Operation
Multiple PI358x-00 can be connected in parallel to increase the
output capability of a single output rail. When connecting modules
in parallel, each EAO, TRK and EN pin should be connected
together. EAIN pins should remain separated, each with a REA1
and REA2, to reject noise differences between different modules'
SGND pins. Current sharing will occur automatically in this manner
so long as each inductor is the same value. Refer to the Electrical
Characteristics table for maximum array size and array rated
output current. Current sharing may be considered independent
of synchronization and/or interleaving. Modules do not have to be
interleaved or synchronized to share current.
DCR_1 CCR_1
CSL
CB
Q2G
Q1B
VIN
VIN
CIN_1
CR
CQ1B_1 RQ1B_1
CIN_HF_1
DVS1_1
VBS
VOUT
VDR
ZVS Buck
VCC
CR
CB
LGH
SGND
TEST3
TEST2
TEST1
CIN_2
Q2G
ZVS Buck
VCC
TRK
L1_2 C _2
OUT
RVS1_2
DVS1_2
VOUT
LVBS_2
VOUT
COUT_HF_2
REA1_2
EAIN
SYNCO
SYNCI
PWRGD
EN
EAO
COMP
LGH
SGND
TEST3
TEST2
TEST1
TRK
EAO
CHF_2
|
|
(5)
(6)
Where rEQ_IN can be calculated by dividing the lowest line voltage
by the full load input current. It is critical that the line source
impedance be at least an octave lower than the converter’s
dynamic input resistance, Equation 6. However, RLINE cannot
be made arbitrarily low otherwise Equation 5 is violated and
the system will show instability, due to an under-damped
RLC input network.
Input Filter case 2 — Inductive source and local, external
input decoupling capacitance with significant RCIN ESR
(i.e., electrolytic type):
In order to simplify the analysis in this case, the voltage source
impedance can be modeled as a simple inductor LLINE.
CVS1_2
VSP
VSN
VDIFF
CVCC_2
EN
CTRK_1
VS1
PGND
VDR
REA2_1
CCOMP_1
TRK
Q1B
VBS
CVDR_2
EAO
CHF_1
CQ1B_2 RQ1B_2
VIN
CIN_HF_2
|
RLINE
VOUT
EAIN
SYNCO
SYNCI
PWRGD
EN
VIN
The voltage source impedance can be modeled as a series
RLINE LLINE circuit. The high performance ceramic decoupling
capacitors will not significantly damp the network because of their
low ESR; therefore in order to guarantee stability the following
conditions must be verified:
CVS1_1
VSP
VSN
VDIFF
CVCC_1
EN
Input Filter Case 1 — Inductive source and local, external,
input decoupling capacitance with negligible ESR
(i.e.: ceramic type):
RVS1_1
PGND
LVBS_1
CVDR_1
L1_1 C _1
OUT
VS1
Table 7 shows the recommended input and output capacitors
to be used for the PI358x-00 as well as per capacitor RMS ripple
current and the input and output ripple voltages. Table 6 lists the
recommended input and output ceramic capacitors manufacturer
and part numbers. It is very important to verify that the voltage
supply source as well as the interconnecting lines are stable and
do not oscillate.
Notice that the high performance ceramic capacitors CIN_INT within
the PI358x-00 should be included in the external electrolytic
capacitance value for this purpose. The stability criteria will be:
|r | > R
REA2_2
CCOMP_2
EQ_IN
TRK
CTRK_2
LLINE
CIN • RC
Figure 90 — PI358x-00 parallel operation
Due to the high output current capability of a single module and
CrCM occurring at approximately 50% rated load, interleaving
is not supported.
Use of the PI358x-00 SYNCI pin is practical only under a limited
set of conditions. Synchronizing to another converter or to a fixed
external clock source can result in a significant reduction in output
power capability or higher than expected ripple.
(7)
CIN
IN
|
< rEQ_IN
|
(8)
Equation 8 shows that if the aggregate ESR is too small – for
example by using very high quality input capacitors (CIN) – the
system will be under-damped and may even become destabilized.
As noted, an octave of design margin in satisfying Equation 7
should be considered the minimum. When applying an electrolytic
capacitor for input filter damping the ESR value must be chosen to
avoid loss of converter efficiency and excessive power dissipation in
the electrolytic capacitor.
Filter Considerations
The PI358x-00 requires low impedance ceramic input capacitors
(X7R/X5R or equivalent) to ensure proper start up and high
frequency decoupling for the power stage. The PI358x-00 will
draw nearly all of the high frequency current from the low
impedance ceramic capacitors when the main high side MOSFET(s)
are conducting. During the time the MOSFET(s) are off, the input
capacitors are replenished from the source.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 38 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
VDR Bias Regulator
Additional System Design Considerations
The VDR bias regulator is a ZVS switching regulator that is intended
primarily to power the internal controller and driver circuitry. The
power capability of this regulator is sized for the PI358x-00, with
adequate reserve for the application it was intended for.
1. Inductive loads: As with all power electronic applications,
consideration must be given to driving inductive loads that
may be exposed to a fault in the system which could result
in consequences beyond the scope of the power supply
primary protection mechanisms. An inductive load could be a
filter, fan motor or even excessively long cables. Consider an
instantaneous short circuit through an un-damped inductance
that occurs when the output capacitors are already at an
initial condition of fully charged. The only thing that limits the
current is the inductance of the short circuit and any series
resistance. Even if the power supply is off at the time of the
short circuit, the current could ramp up in the external inductor
and store considerable energy. The release of this energy will
result in considerable ringing, with the possibility of ringing
nodes connected to the output voltage below ground. The
system designer should plan for this by considering the use of
other external circuit protection such as load switches, fuses,
and transient voltage protectors. The inductive filters should
be critically damped to avoid excessive ringing or damaging
voltages. Adding a high current Schottky diode from the output
voltage to PGND close to the PI358x-00 is recommended for
these applications.
It may be used for as a pullup source for open collector applications
and for other very low power uses with the following restrictions:
1. The total external loading on VDR must be less than IVDR.
2. No direct connection is allowed. Any noise source that can
disturb the VDR voltage can also affect the internal controller
operation. A series impedance is required between the VDR pin
and any external circuitry.
3. All loads must be locally decoupled using a 0.1μF ceramic
capacitor. This capacitor must be connected to the VDR output
through a series resistor no smaller than 1kΩ, which forms a
low-pass filter.
2. Low voltage operation: There is no isolation from an SELV
(Safety-Extra-Low-Voltage) power system. Powering low voltage
loads from input voltages as high as 60V may require additional
consideration to protect low voltage circuits from excessive
voltage in the event of a short circuit from input to output. A
fast TVS (transient voltage suppressor) gating an external load
switch is an example of such protection.
Input / Output
Output
Input
Manufacturer
Part Number
Value
Description
Murata
GRM32EC70J107ME15
100µF
100µF 6.3V 1210 X7S
Murata
GRM32ER71A476KE15
47µF
47μF 10V 1210 X7R
Murata
GRM32DR71E106KA12
10µF
10μF 25V 1210 X7R
Murata
GRM32ER72A225KA35
2.2µF
2.2μF 100V 1210 X7R
or Murata
GRM32ER71K475KE14L
4.7µF
4.7μF 80V 1210 X7R
Table 6 — Recommended input and output capacitor components
COUT
CIN
Ripple
Current
(ARMS)
COUT
Ripple
Current
(ARMS)
VIN
Ripple
(mVP-P)
VOUT
Ripple
(mVP-P)
Load Step
(A)
(1A/µs)
VOUT Droop
and Kick
(mVPP)
VOUT
Recovery
Time
(µs)
6x
2.2µF
6 x 100µF
3.3
7.0
430
40
5
160
80
10
6x
2.2µF
6 x 47µF
4.3
8.3
380
60
5
130
80
10
6x
2.2µF
6 x 10µF
5
6.0
600
140
4.5
330
80
Product
Load
Current
(A)
CIN
PI3583
10
PI3585
PI3586
Table 7 — Recommended input and output capacitor quantity and performance
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 39 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
Layout Guidelines
To optimize maximum efficiency and low noise performance
from a PI358x-00 design, layout considerations are necessary.
Reducing trace resistance and minimizing high current loop
returns along with proper component placement will contribute to
optimized performance.
VIN
CIN
A typical buck converter circuit is shown in Figure 91. The potential
areas of high parasitic inductance and resistance are the circuit
return paths, shown as LR below.
COUT
Figure 93 — Current flow: Q2 closed
VIN
COUT
CIN
Figure 91 — Typical buck regulator
Figure 94 illustrates the tight path between CIN and COUT (and VIN
and VOUT ) for the high AC return current. The external CIN capacitor
needs to be connected to the input of the SiP through a low
inductance connection, which is especially important due to the
lack of internal input capacitance. The PI358x-00 evaluation board
uses a layout optimized for performance in this way.
The path between the COUT and CIN capacitors is of particular
importance since the AC currents are flowing through both of
them when Q1 is turned on. Figure 92, schematically, shows the
reduced trace length between input and output capacitors. The
shorter path lessens the effects that copper trace parasitics can
have on the PI358x-00 performance.
PGND
Inductor
VOUT
VIN
VS1
PGND
VIN
ZVS Buck
SiP
CIN
External Components
COUT
Figure 94 — Recommended layout for optimized AC current
within the SiP, inductor, and ceramic input and
output capacitors
Figure 92 — Current flow: Q1 closed
When Q1 is on and Q2 is off, the majority of CIN’s current is used
to satisfy the output load and to recharge the COUT capacitors.
When Q1 is off and Q2 is on, the load current is supplied by the
inductor and the COUT capacitor as shown in Figure 93. During this
period CIN is also being recharged by the VIN. Minimizing CIN loop
inductance is important to reduce peak voltage excursions when
Q1 turns off. Also, the difference in area between the CIN loop and
COUT loop is vital to minimize switching and GND noise.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 40 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
Besides the critical power path involving the input/output of the
converter, the input/output capacitors and the inductor, the routing
of some powertrain supporting components are also sensitive
to routing parasitics. For example, LVBS and CVDR are passive
components for internal bias supply switcher; DVS1, CVS1 and RVS1
are clamped to protect VS1, the main switching node. In either
condition, a path with low inductance is required.
CVS1
RVS1
DVS1
ZVS Buck
SiP
DCR
CCR
CQ1B
RQ1B
CVDR
CVCC
COUT
_HF
CIN_HF
LVBS
Figure 95 — Example layout of external components on a PI358x
evaluation board
Here is a list of external components to the SiP which needs to have
low inductance routes:
COUT_HF, CIN_HF, CQ1B, RQ1B, DCR, CCR, DVS1, CVS1, RVS1, LVBS, CVDR,
CVCC. An example layout from the evaluation board is shown in
Figure 95. These external components are placed locally to the
SiP and connect to the relevant pin with wide traces. Some of
them have the other end connecting through vias to the ground
plane in the underneath layer. A similar practice is expected in
customer applications.
In many cases the powertrain or its related layout is critical and
sensitive to routing parasitics. A direct copy of the Vicor reference
PCB layout is recommended.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 41 of 45 10/2018
PI358x-00
Recommended PCB Footprint
E1
c1
c
D1
L
PI358x
L1
PCB LAND PATTERN
GQFN PACKAGE
REF.
C
C1
D1
E1
L
L1
DIMENSIONAL REFERENCES
MIN.
NOM.
.15
.20
.25
.30
6.80
7.80
.50
.15
.20
Recommended receiving footprint for PI358x‑00 7 x 8mm package.
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 42 of 45 10/2018
MAX.
.25
.35
.25
PI358x-00
Package Drawings
PIN 1 INDEX
B
D
A
E
TOP VIEW
DETAIL A
REF.
A
A1
b
b1
b2
b3
b4
b5
b6
b7
b8
b9
c
c1
c2
D
E
f
f1
f2
f3
f4
f5
f7
f8
f9
PI358X GQFN
DIMENSIONAL REFERENCES
NOM.
MIN.
.80
.85
.00
.10 REF
.30 REF
.50 REF
.50 REF
.95 REF
.65 REF
.75 REF
.20 REF
.60 REF
.55 REF
.15
.20
.25
.30
.40 BSC
7.00 BSC
8.00 BSC
2.15
2.20
.85
.90
.35
.40
2.30
2.35
2.85
2.90
2.50
2.55
2.80
2.85
4.85
4.90
3.15
3.20
MAX.
.90
.05
.25
.35
2.25
.95
.45
2.40
2.95
2.60
2.90
4.95
3.25
SIDE VIEW
0.10 C
NOTES:
1. 'c2' REPRESENTS THE BASIC TERMINAL PITCH. SPECIFIES THE GEOMETRIC
POSITION OF THE TERMINAL AXIS.
2. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED PAD AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS.
3. COPLANARITY SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.08 MM.
4. WARPAGE SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.10 MM.
5. PACKAGE LENGTH / PACKAGE WIDTH ARE CONSIDERD AS SPECIAL
CHARACTERISTIC(S).
6. EXPOSED METALLIZED PADS ARE CU PADS WITH SURFACE FINISH
PROTECTION.
7. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.
8. RoHS COMPLIANT PER CST-0001LATEST REVISION.
A
36X
0.08 C
C
DETAIL DETAIL A
SCALE 75 : 1
A1
b8
b
b7
f
f2
b8
26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
b8
f1
25
c2
24
f2
1
b2
b9
23
22
f4
b8
21
20
2
18
b8
17
b3
c
f3
b8
19
f8
16
f9
b2
b8
15
b4
f4
14
b8
3
f5
b8
b5 13
c1
f7
12 11 10
b1
9
8
7
6
5
4
b6
36X
b7
b
0.10 M C A B
BOTTOM VIEW
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 43 of 45 10/2018
b
PI358x-00
Revision History
Revision
Date
1.0
10/09/18
Description
Initial release
Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 44 of 45 10/2018
Page Number(s)
n/a
PI358x-00
Vicor’s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high density AC-DC and DC-DC modules and
accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC and DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom
power systems.
Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor for its use. Vicor
makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication. Vicor reserves
the right to make changes to any products, specifications, and product descriptions at any time without notice. Information published by
Vicor has been checked and is believed to be accurate at the time it was printed; however, Vicor assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies.
Testing and other quality controls are used to the extent Vicor deems necessary to support Vicor’s product warranty. Except where
mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Visit http://www.vicorpower.com/dc-dc-converters-board-mount/cool-power-pi33xx-and-pi34xx for the latest product information.
Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions and Product Warranty
All sales are subject to Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale, and Product Warranty which are available on Vicor’s webpage
(http://www.vicorpower.com/termsconditionswarranty) or upon request.
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VICOR’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE
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herein, life support devices or systems are devices which (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life and
whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to
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Cool-Power® ZVS Switching Regulators
Rev 1.0
Page 45 of 45 10/2018
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