QPI-5-CB1

QPI™ Filters QPI-5LZ S C NRTL US 14A Active EMI Filter SiP for 24VDC Bus Product Description Features & Benefits The QPI-5 active EMI filter attenuates conducted common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) noise over the CISPR22 frequency range of 150kHz to 30MHz. The product is designed for use on 24VDC bus (10 – 40VDC) systems, with 100VDC surge capability. The QPI-5’s 14A rating supports multiple DC-DC converter loads up to an ambient temperature of 65°C without de-rating. Designed for the telecom and ITE bus range, the QPI-5 supports the PICMG® 3.0 specification for filtering system boards to the EN55022 Class B limits. • 60dB CM attenuation at 250kHz (50Ω) In comparison to passive solutions, the use of active filtering reduces the volume of the common-mode choke, providing a low‑profile, surface‑mount device. Smaller size saves valuable board real estate and the reduced height enhances airflow in blade applications. • Low-profile LGA package The QPI-5 is available as a lidded or an open-frame SiP (System‑in‑Package) with LGA mounting. Evaluation boards are available to allow for quick in-circuit testing of the QPI-5LZ within an existing system design. • Connect in series for higher attenuation • 75dB DM attenuation at 250kHz (50Ω) • 40VDC (max input) • 100VDC surge 100ms • 707VDC hipot hold off to shield plane • 14A rating • ~1in2 area • –40 to +125°C ambient temperature (see Figure 9) • Efficiency >99% • TÜV certified Applications • Industrial Bus Supplies • Telecom Base Stations • IBA & Distributed Power • COTS Systems Package Information • 25.3 x 25.3 x 5.2mm lidded SiP (System-in-Package) • 24.9 x 24.9 x 4.4mm open-frame SiP Typical Application BUS+ BUS+ CB1 BUS– QPI+ IN+ CIN QPI-5 BUS– PR QPI– Shield IN– CY1 Chassis/Shield PC OUT+ SENSE+ LOAD SC SENSE– OUT– CY2 CY3 CY4 Shield Plane RY QPI-5 schematic with a Vicor Brick® converter [a] [a] CB1 capacitor, referenced in all schematics, is a 47µF electrolytic; United Chemi-Con EMVE101ARA470MKE0S or equivalent. CY1 to CY4, referenced in all schematics, are 4.7nF high-voltage safety capacitors; Vishay VY1472M63Y5UQ63V0 or equivalent. CIN is the manufacturer’s recommended value for input capacitor. QPI™ Filters Page 1 of 15 Rev 3.0 03/2020 QPI-5LZ Contents Order Information 3 Absolute Maximum Ratings 3 Electrical Characteristics 3 Package Pinout 4 Applications Information 5 EMI Sources 5 Passive EMI Filtering 5 Active EMI Filtering 5 EMI Management 6 Attenuation Test Set Ups 7 Attenuation Plots 8 Current De-Rating 8 QPI Application Circuits 9 QPI Insertion Loss Measurements and Test Circuits 11 Package Outline Drawings 12 Pad and Stencil Definitions 13 PCB Layout Recommendations 14 PCB Layout 14 Post-Solder Cleaning 14 QPI-5 Mechanical Data 14 Product Warranty QPI™ Filters Page 2 of 15 15 Rev 3.0 03/2020 QPI-5LZ Order Information Product Description QPI-5LZ [b] QPI-5 LGA package, RoHS compliant QPI-5LZ-01 QPI-5 LGA package, RoHS compliant, open-frame package Evaluation Board Description A QPI-5LZ mounted on a small evaluation board with screw terminal blocks to allow for easy connection into an existing system. A QPI-5LZ mounted on a carrier board designed for use with DOSA compliant footprint DC-DC converters. Screw terminal blocks to allow for easy connection into an existing system. QPI-5-EVAL1 QPI-5-CB1 [b] QPI-5LZ is a non-hermetically sealed package. Please read the “Post-Solder Cleaning” section on page 14. Absolute Maximum Ratings Exceeding these parameters may result in permanent damage to the product. Name Rating Input Voltage, BUS+ to BUS–, Continuous –40 to 40VDC Input Voltage, BUS+ to BUS–, 100ms Transient –100 to 100VDC BUS+/ BUS– to Shield Pads, Hi-pot –707 to 707VDC Input to Output Current, Continuous @ 25°C TA 14ADC Input-to-Output Current, 10 seconds @ 25°C TA 20ADC Power Dissipation, @ 65°C TA, 14A [c] 2.3W Operating Temperature - TA Thermal Resistance [c] –40 to 125°C - RθJ-A, using PCB layout in Figure 20 20°C/W Thermal Resistance [c] - RθJ-PCB 8°C/W Storage Temperature, JEDEC Standard J-STD-033B –55 to 125°C Reflow Temperature, 20s Exposure 245°C ESD, Human Body Model (HBM) –2000 to 2000V Electrical Characteristics Parameter limits apply over the operating temperature range unless otherwise noted. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 40 VDC Measured at 14A, 65°C ambient temperature [c] 135 mVDC temperature [c] 29 mVDC BUS+ to BUS– Input Range Measured at 14A, 65°C ambient temperature [c] BUS+ to QPI+ Voltage Drop BUS– to QPI– Voltage Drop Measured at 14A, 65°C ambient Common-Mode Attenuation VBUS = 28V, Frequency = 250kHz, line impedance = 50Ω 60 Differential-Mode Attenuation VBUS = 28V, Frequency = 250kHz, line impedance = 50Ω 75 dB Input Bias Current at 40V Input current from BUS+ to BUS– 8 mA [c] See Figure 8 for the current de-rating curve. QPI™ Filters Page 3 of 15 Rev 3.0 03/2020 10 dB QPI-5LZ Package Pinout THERM2 12 BUS+ THERM1 11 10 9 13 8 14 7 15 6 BUS– QPI+ Shield 16 5 1 2 3 4 QPI– Pad Number Name Description 12, 13, 14 BUS+ Positive bus potential 1, 15, 16 BUS– Negative bus potential 7, 8, 9 QPI+ Positive input to the converter 2, 3, 4 QPI– Negative input to the converter 5, 6 Shield 10 THERM1 11 THERM2 QPI™ Filters Page 4 of 15 Shield connects to the system chassis or to a safety ground These pads are electrically connected to the internal circuitry of the QPI-5. Either connecting THERM1 to QPI+ and THERM2 to BUS+, or to copper region(s) not connected to Shield, is recommended to help with thermal management. Rev 3.0 03/2020 QPI-5LZ Applications Information Active EMI Filtering EMI Sources Many of the components in today’s power conversion modules are sources of high-frequency EMI noise generation. Diodes, high‑frequency switching devices, transformers and inductors, and circuit layouts passing high dV/dt or di/dt signals are all potential sources of EMI. The Vicor QPI-5 active EMI filter uses the same basic principles for filtering as the passive approach, but its active common-mode filter can perform as well as a passive filter, when filtering lower frequencies, in much less board area. CM w/Aux Winding LDM EMI is propagated either by radiated or conductive means. Radiated EMI can be sourced from these components as well as by circuit loops that act like antennas and broadcast the noise signals to neighboring circuit paths. This also means that these loops can act as receivers of a broadcasted signal. This radiated EMI noise can be reduced by proper circuit layout and by shielding potential sources of EMI transmission. There are two basic forms of conducted EMI that typically need to be filtered; namely common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) EMI. Differential-mode resides in the normal power loop of a power source and its load; where the signal travels from the source to the load and then returns to the source. Common‑mode is a signal that travels through both leads of the source and is returned to earth via parasitic pathways, either capacitively or inductively coupled. Figure 6 and Figure 7 are the resulting EMI plots, after filtering by the QPI-5, of the total noise, both common- and differential‑mode, of a Vicor Brick converter. These converters are mounted on a QPI-5 evaluation board and tested under various loads. The red and blue traces represent the positive and negative branches of total noise, as measured using an industry-standard LISN set up, as is shown in Figures 4 and 5. Differential-mode EMI is typically larger in magnitude than common-mode, since common-mode is produced by the physical imbalances in the differential loop path. Reducing differential EMI will cause a reduction in common-mode EMI. Passive EMI Filtering The basic premise of filtering EMI is to insert a high impedance at the EMI’s base frequency, in both the differential- and common‑mode paths as it returns to the power source. CDM Y Caps Active CM Filter Figure 1 — Simplified active EMI filter circuit. Typically, the lower the frequency the greater the needed inductance would be to properly filter the EMI signal. This means either a larger core or a greater number of turns on a smaller core. A larger core requires more board space, where a smaller core with more turns has a greater amount of unwanted parasitics that can affect the filters ability to attenuate EMI signals. Figure 1 is a simplified schematic of the QPI-5’s active and passive circuitry used for EMI filtering. The QPI-5’s active filter uses a small high-frequency common-mode transformer to filter the higher frequencies and adds a sensing element to it so that the lower‑frequency common-mode signal can be sensed and a correction signal can be generated and inserted into the shield connection. By this means, the QPI-5 is capable of providing EMI filtering of converters in far less space than standard passive filters and can provide filtering over the entire EN55022 class B range. Passive filters use common-mode chokes and “Y” capacitors to filter out common-mode EMI. These chokes are designed to present a high impedance at the EMI frequency in series with the return path, and a low impedance path to the earth signal via the “Y” caps. This network will force the EMI signals to re-circulate within a confined area and not to propagate to the outside world. Often two common-mode networks are required to filter EMI within the frequency span required to pass the EN55022 class B limits. The other component of the passive filter is the differential LC network. Again, the inductor is chosen such that it will present a high impedance in the differential EMI loop at the EMI’s base frequency. The differential capacitor will then shunt the EMI back to its source. The QPI-5 was specifically designed to work with conventional switching frequency converters like Vicor Brick® products; Micro, Mini and Maxi modules; as well as converters from various vendors. QPI™ Filters Page 5 of 15 Rev 3.0 03/2020 QPI-5LZ EMI Management The more effectively EMI is managed at the source, namely the power converter, the less EMI attenuation the filter will have to do. The addition of “Y” capacitors to the input and output power nodes of the converter will help to limit the amount of EMI that will propagate to the input source. The typical application diagram shows the baseplate topology of re-circulating “Y” caps. Here, CY1 to CY4 are connected to each power node of the DC‑DC converter, and then are commoned together on a copper shield plane created under the converter. The addition of the copper shield plane helps in the containment of the radiated EMI, converting it back to conducted EMI and shunting it back to its source. The RY resistor, connected between the shield plane and the QPI’s shield pin, provides an impedance that makes the QPI’s common‑mode noise cancelation signal more effective at removing the common‑mode noise that would normally return to the shield/ earth connection. It is important when laying out the QPI that the RY resistor connects to the QPI’s shield pin before making the connection to earth ground. In Figure 3, the open-frame topology is shown where the “Y” capacitors (CY1 and CY2) re-circulate the EMI signals between the positive input and output, and the negative input and output nodes of the power‑conversion stage. Figure 2 — An unfiltered converter’s response to “open‑frame” (light blue) and “baseplate” (purple) EMI configurations There are two basic topologies for the connection of the re‑circulating “Y” capacitors, referred to as “open-frame” and “baseplate”. Figure 2 illustrates how a converter can favor one topology versus another. The EMI generated by the “baseplate” configuration is much greater than that generated by the “open‑frame”. Selecting the right topology will greatly reduce the amount of EMI signal that needs to be filtered. CY2 BUS+ BUS+ CB1 BUS– QPI+ CIN QPI-5 BUS– IN+ OUT+ SENSE+ PC SC PR QPI– Shield SENSE– OUT– IN– Chassis/Shield CY1 Figure 3 — Typical ‘open-frame’ application QPI™ Filters Page 6 of 15 Rev 3.0 03/2020 LOAD QPI-5LZ Attenuation Test Set Ups Figure 4 — Open-frame EMI test set up using the QPI-5-CB1 carrier board with 24V converter Figure 5 — Baseplate EMI test set up using the QPI-5-CB1 carrier board with 24V converter In Figures 4 and 5, C1 is the required 47µF capacitor (United Chemi‑Con EMVE101ARA470MKE0S or equivalent), C2 is a converter input cap (value dependant on converter), and CY caps are 4.7nF ceramic (Murata GRM31BR73A472KW01L or equivalent). QPI™ Filters Page 7 of 15 Rev 3.0 03/2020 QPI-5LZ Attenuation Plots Total EMI noise in baseplate configuration, tested as shown in Figure 5. Figure 6 — V24B24C200BG using baseplate “Y” capacitors with a 171W load Figure 7 — V24B12C200BN using baseplate “Y” capacitors with a 136W load Current De-Rating 2.5 Maximum Current (A) 20 18 2.0 16 14 1.5 12 10 1.0 8 6 4 0.5 2 0 –40 0.0 –15 0 10 35 60 85 110 Ambient Temperature (ºC) QPI-5 Current QPI-5 Power Dissipation Figure 8 — Current de-rating and power dissipation over ambient temperature range The de-rating curve in Figure 8 is based on the maximum allowable internal component temperature and the 14A maximum rating of the QPI-5. The power dissipation curve is based on the current squared multiplied by the internal resistance between the inputs and outputs of the filter. The internal resistance value is temperature compensated for the power dissipation curve. The left axis is in amps for the solid trace, the right axis is in watts for the dashed trace. QPI™ Filters Page 8 of 15 Rev 3.0 03/2020 125 Maximum Power Dissipation (W) Mounted to QPI-5-EVAL1 evaluation board. QPI-5LZ QPI Application Circuits BUS+ BUS+ QPI+ IN+ CIN1 QPI-5 47µF BUS– BUS– PC QPI– SENSE– OUT– IN– CY2 CY1 RY 10Ω, 0.25W LOAD1 SC PR Shield Chassis/Shield OUT+ SENSE+ CY4 CY3 Shield Plane IN+ CIN2 OUT+ SENSE+ PC SENSE– OUT– IN– CY6 CY5 LOAD2 SC PR CY8 CY7 Shield Plane Figure 9 — The QPI-5 filtering dual supplies, using a single RY resistor [d] The shield plane under the two converters in Figure 9 should be one contiguous plane under both. The circuit in Figure 9 is capable of filtering more converters than shown, up to the maximum current capability of the QPI-5. In Figure 10, a separate shield plane is required for each converter along with a separate RY resistor. BUS+ BUS+ QPI+ IN+ CIN1 QPI-5 47µF BUS– The QPI-5 is not designed to be used in parallel with another QPI-5 to achieve a higher current rating, but it can be used multiple times within a system design. BUS– PR QPI– Shield BUS+ CY1 CY2 QPI+ BUS– CY3 IN+ CIN2 PC PR QPI– Shield OUT+ SENSE+ SC SENSE– OUT– IN– RY 10Ω, 0.25W CY4 OUT– Shield Plane QPI-5 47µF LOAD SC SENSE– IN– RY 10Ω, 0.25W Chassis/Shield PC OUT+ SENSE+ CY5 CY6 Shield Plane CY7 CY8 Figure 10 — Dual QPI-5’s filtering paralleled converters feeding a common load [d] [d] In Figures 9 and 10; CIN1 and CIN2, CY1 through CY8, should be the value and voltage rating recommended by the converter’s manufacturer. QPI™ Filters Page 9 of 15 Rev 3.0 03/2020 QPI-5LZ QPI Application Circuits (Cont.) BUS+ BUS+ CB1 BUS– QPI+ IN+ CIN QPI-5 BUS– SENSE+ PC SENSE– OUT– IN– CY2 CY1 LOAD SC PR QPI– Shield Chassis/Shield OUT+ CY3 Shield Plane 4.7µH Figure 11 — Connecting the converter’s output ground to chassis through an inductor [e] The direct connection of the converter’s output to the earth/chassis will degrade the EMI attenuation performance of the QPI-5. Vicor recommends that the connection to the earth be made through a series inductor, rated to the maximum output current of the converter, as shown in Figure 11. The EMI plot shown in Figure 12 is of the same converter as in Figure 6, but uses an inductor in place of RY and has the converter’s output ground connected to the shield plane. The connection of the shield plane directly to the chassis/earth will also degrade EMI attenuation by the QPI-5 and is therefore not recommended. Figure 12 — Total noise V24B12C200BN with a 136W load, connected as shown in Figure 11 [e] In Figure 12; CIN, CY1 through CY3, should be the value and voltage rating recommended by the converter’s manufacturer. QPI™ Filters Rev 3.0 Page 10 of 15 03/2020 QPI-5LZ QPI Insertion Loss Measurements and Test Circuits 90 80 Attenuation (dB) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0.01 0.1 1 10 Frequency (MHz) QPI-5 Common QPI-5 Differential Figure 13 — Attenuation curves into a 50Ω line impedance, bias from a 28V bus Insertion loss equation: Insertion Loss = 20log ( ) IINA IINB IPROBE BUS BUS+ IN LISN VBUS Chassis 47µF QPI+ QPI-5 SIG BUS– INA INB QPI– SIG 50Ω Shield BUS CSIG LOAD IN LISN Chassis IPROBE SIG Figure 14 — Test set up to measure differential-mode EMI currents in Figure 13 IN BUS LISN VBUS Chassis BUS+ 47µF QPI+ QPI-5 SIG BUS– QPI– Shield BUS IPROBE LOAD INA CSIG INB SIG IN 50Ω LISN Chassis SIG Figure 15 — Test set up to measure common-mode EMI currents in Figure 13 QPI™ Filters Rev 3.0 Page 11 of 15 03/2020 IPROBE QPI-5LZ Package Outline Drawings Figure 16 — Lidded package dimensions, tolerance of ±0.004in 0.006" [0.15mm] max. 0.006" [0.15mm] max. 0.260" [6.604 mm] 5LZ-01 0.275" [6.985 mm] 0.979" [24.867 mm] Pin 1 0.979" [24.867 mm] Figure 17 — Open-frame package dimensions, tolerance of ±0.004in; pick-and-place from label center QPI™ Filters Rev 3.0 Page 12 of 15 03/2020 0.174 [4.420 mm] QPI-5LZ Pad and Stencil Definitions QPI-5 LGA Paern (Boom View) QPI-5 PCB Receptor Paern (Top View) 0.996" (LID) 0.979" (OF) 0.441 0.441 0.300 0.300 0.100 0.100 Figure 18 — Bottom view of open-frame (OF) and lidded (LID) products (all dimensions are in inches) 45.000° R0.041 0.145" 0.082" 0.041" 0.000" 0.149" 0.085" 0.043" 0.000" 0.129" 0.073" 0.037" 0.000" 1 place 0.082" 0.041" 0.000" 0.086" 0.043" 0.000" 0.073" 0.037" 0.000" 13 places 0.073" 0.037" 0.000" 2 places 0.082" 0.041" 0.000" 0.1250" LGA Pad Detail: R0.043 0.086" 0.043" 0.000" 0.129" R0.037 0.112" Receiving Pad Detail: Stencil Detail: Figure 19 — Recommended receptor and stencil patterns (all dimensions are in inches) Note: Stencil definition is based on a 6mil stencil thickness, 80% of LGA pad area coverage. LGA Package dimensions are for both the open-frame and lidded versions of the QPI-5. QPI™ Filters Rev 3.0 Page 13 of 15 03/2020 0.441 0.300 0.441 0.441 0.100 0.300 0.441 0.100 0.441 0 .0 0 0 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.441 0.100 0.100 0.000 0.000 0.996" (LID) 0.100 0.979" (OF) 0.100 0.300 0 .0 0 0 QPI-5LZ PCB Layout Recommendations Figure 20 — 3D view of paralleling planes underneath the QPI-5 PCB Layout Post-Solder Cleaning When laying out the QPI-5 EMI filter it is important for the designer to be aware of the radiated EMI field that all converters emit and to place the QPI-5 outside of this field area. It is also recommended that the bus lines feeding into the QPI filter are not routed such that they lie between the QPI and the converter, or that their copper planes overlap on inner layers. This can cause EMI noise to be coupled from input to output via the parasitic capacitance between the planes. LZ version QP SiPs are not hermetically sealed and must not be exposed to liquid, including but not limited to cleaning solvents, aqueous washing solutions or pressurized sprays. When soldering, it is recommended that no-clean flux solder be used, as this will ensure that potentially corrosive mobile ions will not remain on, around, or under the module following the soldering process. For applications where the end product must be cleaned in a liquid solvent, Vicor recommends using the QPI-5LZ-01, open-frame version of the EMI filter. In Figure 20, the QPI-5 is located ~1.5 inches from the converter’s input pins, and the BUS voltage pins are located on the side farthest away from the converter, to keep the radiated EMI from bypassing the filter and coupling directly to the BUS feeds. QPI-3 Mechanical Data Datum FITS MTBF Weight Units QPI-5LZ QPI-5LZ-01 Failure/Billion Hrs 208 208 FITS based on the BellCore Standard TR-332 Million Hrs 4.81 4.81 MTBFs based on the BellCore Standard TR-332 grams 5.4 3.1 3 3 245 245 MSL Peak Reflow Temperature °C/20 seconds QPI™ Filters Rev 3.0 Page 14 of 15 03/2020 Notes IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020D QPI-5LZ Vicor’s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high density AC-DC and DC-DC modules and accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC and DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom power systems. Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor for its use. Vicor makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication. Vicor reserves the right to make changes to any products, specifications, and product descriptions at any time without notice. Information published by Vicor has been checked and is believed to be accurate at the time it was printed; however, Vicor assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies. Testing and other quality controls are used to the extent Vicor deems necessary to support Vicor’s product warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Visit http://www.vicorpower.com/dc-dc-filters/qpi for the latest product information. Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions and Product Warranty All sales are subject to Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale, and Product Warranty which are available on Vicor’s webpage (http://www.vicorpower.com/termsconditionswarranty) or upon request. Life Support Policy VICOR’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF VICOR CORPORATION. As used herein, life support devices or systems are devices which (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system or to affect its safety or effectiveness. Per Vicor Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of Vicor products and components in life support applications assumes all risks of such use and indemnifies Vicor against all liability and damages. Intellectual Property Notice Vicor and its subsidiaries own Intellectual Property (including issued U.S. and Foreign Patents and pending patent applications) relating to the products described in this data sheet. No license, whether express, implied, or arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Interested parties should contact Vicor’s Intellectual Property Department. The products described on this data sheet are protected by U.S. Patents. Please see www.vicorpower.com/patents for the latest patent information. Contact Us: http://www.vicorpower.com/contact-us Vicor Corporation 25 Frontage Road Andover, MA, USA 01810 Tel: 800-735-6200 Fax: 978-475-6715 www.vicorpower.com email Customer Service: custserv@vicorpower.com Technical Support: apps@vicorpower.com ©2020 Vicor Corporation. All rights reserved. The Vicor name is a registered trademark of Vicor Corporation. PICMG® is a trademark of the PICMG consortium. All other trademarks, product names, logos and brands are property of their respective owners. QPI™ Filters Rev 3.0 Page 15 of 15 03/2020