KESRX05QP1T

Obsolescence Notice This product is obsolete. This information is available for your convenience only. For more information on Zarlink’s obsolete products and replacement product lists, please visit http://products.zarlink.com/obsolete_products/ KESRX05 260 to 470MHz ASK Receiver with Power Down Preliminary Information DS5023 Issue 1.9 August 1999 Features G G G G G G G Ordering Information KESRX05B/KG/QP1S (anti-static tubes) KESRX05B/KG/QP1T (tape and reel) The KESRX05 is a single chip ASK (Amplitude Shift Key) Receiver IC. It is designed to operate in a variety of low power radio applications including keyless entry, general domestic and industrial remote control, RF tagging and local paging systems. The receiver offers an exceptionally high level of integration and performance to meet the local oscillator radiation requirements of regulatory authorities world wide. Functionally the device works in the same way as the KESRX01 with the added features of low supply voltage, in-band interference rejection (anti-jamming detector), a 2-stage power down to enable receiver systems to be implemented with less than 1mA supply, and a wide IF bandwidth and drive stage to interface to an external ceramic IF bandpass filter at intermediate frequencies from 0·2MHz to 15MHz. The KESRX05 is an ideal receiver for difficult reception areas where high level interferers would jam the wanted signal. The anti-jamming circuit allows operation to be possible with interfering signals which are more than 20dB stronger than the wanted signal, without the cost penalties of increased IF selectivity and frequency accuracy. In-band Interference Rejection 20dB max. 2103dBm Sensitivity (IF BW = 470kHz) AGC around LNA and Mixer Low Supply voltage (3 to 6V) 2-Stage Power Down for Low Current Applications Interface for Ceramic IF Filters up to 15MHz All Pins Meet 2kV Human Body Model ESD Protection Requirement G Compliant to ETS 300-220 and FCC Part 15 Applications G Remote Keyless Entry G Security, tagging G Remote Controlled equipment Absolute Maximum Ratings Supply voltage, VCC Storage temperature,Tstg Junction temperature, Tj RF input power 20·5V to 17V 255°C to 150°C 255°C to 150°C 120dBm from 50Ω AGC RF INPUT MIXER LNA SAW FILTER NOISE REDUCTION FILTER VCO CERAMIC IF FILTER DATA FILTER ANTI JAM RSSI DETECTOR SLICER SLICED DATA REF LOOP FILTER XTAL PHASE DETECTOR 464 PHASE LOCKED LOOP Figure 1 Typical system application KESRX05 IFFLT1 IFDC1 IFIN IFDC2 VCC IFOUT VCCRF MIXIP RFOP VEERF RFIN AGC PEAK DATAOP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 28 27 26 25 24 23 IFFLT2 RSSI DETB PD XTAL1 XTAL2 DF0 DF1 DF2 VCO1 VCO2 VEE LF DSN KESRX05 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 Figure 2 Pin connections (top view) DESCRIPTION The single conversion superheterodyne receiver approach is now generally considered the way forward for ISM band type applications because of lower cost, superior selectivity, lower radiation, and flexibility over other techniques. For power-conscious, hand-held applications KESRX05 provides improved performance and flexibility on a lower 3·0V supply and a power down feature allows faster switch-on times for use in a pulsed power saving mode. Although this is a relatively simple receiver, the flexibility of using an external IF filter allows the designer to choose both the selectivity and the IF in order to optimise Pin 1 Name IFFLT1 Function Noise reducing IF filter A simple LC noise reduction filter (L5 and C7) is connected between pins 1 (IFFLT1 ) and 28 (IFFLT2) to reduce the noise contribution from the earlier stages of the logathrimic amplifier. The LC filter helps to reduce the bandwidth of the log amplifier from approximately 45MHz to typically 1MHz, preventing wideband noise from being detected as a signal. To reduce the Q of the simple LC circuit, an external damping resistor in parallel with L5, C7. However, the preferred method to a damping resistor is to lower the Q of L5 or increase the tolerances of L5 and C7. For further information refer to the IFAmp /RSSI Detector section of the Functional Description. Table 1 Pin descriptions Cont… the performance for a wide range of applications and locations world wide. The KESRX05, with its anti-jamming detector circuit, is an ideal ASK/ OOK receiver for difficult reception areas caused by interference such as amateur radio repeater stations and wireless stereo headphones. Operation is possible with interfering signals which are more than 20dB stronger than the wanted signal (IF bandwidth = 470kHz.), without the cost penalities of increased IF selectivity and frequency accuracy. Figure 1 is the system block diagram, with an external ceramic IF filter, SAW fillter and noise reduction filter. Schematic VCC 10k IFFLT1 10k IFFLT2 2 KESRX05 Pin 2 Name IFDC1 Function Log Amplifier DC Blocking Capacitor Capacitors C3 and C4 provide DC blocking within the high gain stage of the log amplifier. The log amplifier has a small gain of greater than 80dB between pins 3 (IFIN) and 27 (RSSI output) Capacitors C3 and C4 eliminate DC offsets, allowing the amplification of AC signals only. For further information, refer to the IF Amp/RSSI Detector section of the Functional Description. Schematic 181k IFDC1 3·1k 181k IFDC 950 IFIN 3 IFIN Log Amp Input (IFamplifier input) The bandwidth of KESRX05 is set by the external ceramic filter CF1. Impedance matching from the output of the ceramic filter to the input of the log amplifier is achieved by an external shunt resistor R9 in parallel with an internal resistor. For further information please refer to the IF Interface section of the Functional Description. C3 INTERNAL IFDC1 181k R9 FROM CF1 IFIN 3·1k Matching circuit for CF1 4 5 6 IFDC2 VCC IFOUT Log amplifier DC stability capacitor Positive supply IF output The IF output drive is a voltage drive with a low output impedance of 300Ω via an internal series resistor. The IFOUT pin is designed for direct connection to an external 10·7MHz FM ceramic filter with a typical input impedance of 300Ω. For further information refer to the IF Interface section of the Functional Description. See pin 2 300 IFOUT 50µA 7 8 VCCRF MIXIP Positive supply for RF circuits Mixer input To a first order approximation the input impedance of the mixer at UHF frequencies is set by the internal bias resistor and capacitor network. Effects of internal and external stray parasitics ignored. For further information refer to the AC Electrical Characteristics. Table 1 Pin descriptions (continued) MIXIP 2k 2p VEERF Cont… 3 KESRX05 Name RFOUT Function Output from internal RF amplifier The RF amplifier has a high output impedance. The internal 300Ω resistor is used to improve the ESD protection of RFOUT. For further information refer to the AC Electrical Characteristics. 10 11 VEERF RFIN Negative supply for RF circuits nternal input RF amplifier To a first order approximation the input impedance of the RF amplifier at UHF frequencies is set by the internal bias resistor and capacitor network. Effects of internal and external stray parasitics ignored. For further information please refer to the AC Electrical Characteristics. 12 AGC RF AGC time constant The attack and decay time constant of the AGC is set by the internal series resistor, current sink and the external capacitor C8. Increasing the decay time constant of the AGC circuit will impair the time to good data of the receiver from power up PD0 to PD2. For further information please refer to the IF Amp/ RSSI Detector section of the Functional Description. 13 PEAK Data signal peak detector output The peak detector output is designed to be a low impedance output. The peak detector monitors the peak of the signal at pin 20 (DF2). For further information please refer to the Baseband section of the Functional Description. 14 DATAOP Sliced data output The data output is the inverted sense of the input signal at pin 20 (DF2) and is designed as a high impedance output via two internal sink and source current generators Table 1 Pin descriptions (continued) HIGH 240µA RFIN 1k 5p 830 10p VEERF Pin 9 Schematic RFOP 300 240µA (AGC OFF) 360 AGC 6µA 300 PEAK 190k VEE 120µA DATAOP LOW 220µA Cont… 4 KESRX05 Pin 15 Name DSN Function Data slice reference level The DSN pin is defined internally by the Slice voltage VREF. The DSN slice voltage can be offset from the internal reference VREF by connecting a resistor from the DSN pin to VEE and/or the peak detector output. For further information please refer to the Baseband section of the Functional Description. Schematic DF2 3k DSN 100k VREF (VBE) VEE HYSTERESIS 25mV 3k 16 LF PLL loop filter connection UP The phase detector output current is derived by two internal current sources. The nominal linear average output current is 115µA (5µA/radian). For further information please refer to the Phase Lock Loop VCO section of the Functional Description 17 18 VEE VCO2 Negative supply Voltage controlled oscillator The voltage controlled oscillator circuit is designed from two cross coupled transistors. The centre frequency of the VCO is set by the external tank circuit. For further information please refer to the Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) Circuit Design / Layout section of the Functional Description 19 20 VCO1 DF2 Voltage controlled oscillator Data Filter Output The data filter is configured as a unity gain amplifier with a low impedance output. Tracking of the received baseband signal is achieved by an internal current source. For further information please refer to the Baseband section of the Functional description. 21 DF1 Data filter input Input to data filter. Bandwidth of second order Sallen and Key data filter is set by external components R10, R1 1, C5 and C6. For further information please refer to the Baseband section of the Functional Description. Table 1 Pin descriptions (continued) 115µA LF DOWN 215µA VCC 1·4k 50 VCO1 1·4k 50 VCO2 300µA See pin 18 DF2 3k DSN 100k VREF (VBE) VEE HYSTERESIS 25mV 3k DF1 Cont… 5 KESRX05 Name DF0 Function Anti-jam detector circuit output DF0 7µA Pin 22 Schematic 23 XTAL2 Crystal oscillator input This pin is directly connected to the base of the Colpitts oscillator input transistor. The value of the feedback capacitors C13, C14 connected between XTAL1 and XTAL2 are set by the parallel load capacitance of the external crystal. Connecting a 200kΩ resistor from XTAL 1 to ground (in parallel with C14 ) will maintain oscillation of the crystal in PD0 mode but increase the receiver current consumption by approx 20µA. 6k 12k XTAL2 XTAL1 18·7k 200k 42µA VCC 24 25 XTAL1 PD Crystal oscillator input Power down input This tristate input pin is designed to power-up the device in two modes PD0 to PD2 and PD1 to PD2. For further information please refer to the Functional Description. See pin 23 VCC 300k PD 124k VEE 26 DETB Anti-jam detector input DETB input is configured as a high impedance input where the signal is DC restored on the peak of the signal, with the aid of capacitor C10. For further information please refer to the Anti Jamming Circuit VCC 3µA DETB 27 RSSI RSSI output The RSSI output is configured as a low impedance output. Tracking of the receive baseband signal is achieved by an internal current source. See pins 3 and 11. For further information please refer to IF Amp/RSSI Detector RSSI 7µA VEE 28 IFFLT2 Noise reducing IF filter Table 1 Pin descriptions (continued) See pin 1 6 KESRX05 Electrical Characteristics – Test Conditions These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design over the following range of operating conditions unless otherwise stated: TAMB = 240°C to 1105°C, VCC = 3·0V to 6·0V Value Characteristic Symbol VCC TAMB Min. 3·0 240 Typ. Max. 6·0 1105 Units V °C MHz Conditions Supply voltage Ambient temperature Test frequency 470 Local oscillator frequency VCO 480·7 550 470 MHz MHz Local oscillator frequency configured for high side injection, except where otherwise specified (Note 9) 240°C to 185°C 240°C to 1105°C DC Electrical Characteristics These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design over the following range of operating conditions unless otherwise stated: TAMB = 240°C to 1105°C, VCC = 3·0V to 6·0V, application circuit Figure 25 Value Characteristic Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions Supply Current Receive mode (PD2) Power down 1 (PD1) Power down 2 (PD0) ICC ICC1 ICC2 3·9 0·35 29 5·5 0·55 57 mA mA µA All. PD = high, RF input ,250dBm (Figure 24) All. PD = VCC/2 or high impedance source VCC = 3·0V to 6·0V (Note 4 and Figure 20) All. PD = VEE (Figure 22) AC Electrical Characteristics (1) These characteristics are guaranteed by either production test or design over the following range of operating conditions unless otherwise stated: TAMB = 240°C to 1105°C, VCC = 3·0V to 6·0V, application circuit Figure 25 Value Characteristic Input frequency range Intermediate frequency Test fixture functionality Sensitivity (application), receiver BW = 470kHz Sensitivity (application), receiver BW = 50kHz Overload performance PLL control line (pin 16) to achieve 90% of final value PD1 and PD2 PLL control line (pin 16) to achieve 90% of final value PD1 and PD2 Data output voltage high Data output voltage low Conducted emissions Symbol fS IF VIN(MIN) VIN(MIN) VIN(MIN) VIN(MAX) tS2 Min. 260 0·2 8·0 (289) 1·5 1·12 (2103) (2106) 0·79 0·56 (2109) (2112) 2·23 0·5 3·5 2·0 Typ. Max. 470 15 23 (280) 0·89 (2 08) 1 0·45 (21 14) 6·0 Units MHz MHz µVrms (dBm) µVrms (dBm) µVrms (dBm) Vrms ms Conditions All (Notes 9 and 10) All (Notes 8 and 11) 20kb/s data rate at 470MHz (Note 1) 2kb/s data rate, VCC = 5V, f0 = 433·92MHz (Figure 19, Notes 3 and 11) 2kb/s data rate, VCC = 5V, f0 = 433·92MHz (Figure 20, Notes 10 and 11) 20kb/s data rate at 470MHz (Note 2) All, local oscillator low side injection 423·33MHz, VCC = 5V (Figures 7 and 18, Notes 5 and 11) All, local oscillator low side injection 423·33MHz, VCC = 5V (Figures 7 and 18, Notes 5 and 11) IOH = 120µA (Figure 20) IOL = 220µA (Figure 20) All, LO low side injection 423·33MHz, with SAW filter (Figure 26, Notes 6 and 11) All, LO low side injection 423·33MHz, SAW filter removed (Figure 25, Notes 6 and 11) VCC = 5V (Figure 8, Notes 7 and 11) tS3 0·20 0·35 1·5 ms VOH VCC20·7 VOL 5·6 Antenna (292) (LO) Anti-jam rejection Jam V V mVrms (dBm) 100 mVrms (260) (dBm) 112 120 dB 0·7 7 KESRX05 AC Electrical Characteristics (2) These characteristics are typical values measured for a limited sample size. They are not guaranteed by production test. They are only given as a guide to assist in the design-in phase of KESRX05 (refer to Note 11) All characteristics measured at TAMB = 25°C and VCC = 5V unless otherwise stated. Value Characteristic Internal RF Amplifier Parallel input impedance Parallel output impedance Noise figure Noise matching impedance 1dB compression point Amplifier gain Mixer Parallel input impedance Output impedance Noise figure (double sideband measurement Mixer conversion gain Symbol Min. Typ. 2·8//1·8 1·78//1·7 10//1·1 18//1·1 4·5 1·0//4·6 220 13 Max. Units Conditions RFIN RFOUT NF RFIN RFIN RFAMP fS = 434MHz fS = 315MHz fS = 434MHz fS = 315MHz fS = 434MHz, matched 50Ω environment input and output kΩ//nH fS = 434MHz dBm Input referred, fS = 434MHz, matched 50Ω environment input and output dB fS = 434MHz, output matched to mixer input impedance kΩ//pF kΩ//pF Ω dB dB fS = 434MHz fS = 315MHz fS = 10·7MHz fS = 434MHz, matched 50Ω environment input and output fS = 434MHz,fS = 434MHz, measured at input to ceramic filter. Include 6dB matching loss fS = 10·7MHz All (Figures 14 and 15) kΩ//pF kΩ//pF kΩ//pF kΩ//pF dB MIXIP IF1 NF AMIX 1·6//1·8 1·6//1·8 300 10 9 IF Strip (RSSI) IF input impedance IF gain of log amp IFIN ALOG 3·1 80 kΩ dB NOTES 1. The Sensitivity of the test fixture is degraded by loading the input to RF amplifier with 50Ω, lack of image rejection and increasing the data filter bandwidth from 5 to 50kHz Sensitivity is defined as the average signal level measured at the input necessary to achieve a bit error ratio of 0·01 where the input signal is a return to zero pulse at 470MHz,with an average duty cycle of 50%, 20kb/s data rate with the receiver bandwidth set to 470kHz. 2. Peak RF input level, pin RFIN, to overload the demodulator with the AGC operating. Equivalent to 17dBm for 50Ω input impedance, Where the input signal is a return to zero pulse at 470MHz with an average duty cycle of 50% and 20kB/s data rate with the receiver bandwidth set to 470kHz. 3. Sensitivity is defined as the average signal level measured at the input necessary to achieve a bit error ratio of 0·01 where the input signal is a return to zero pulse with an average duty cycle of 50%, 2kb/s data rate. Equivalent to 2103dBm for 50Ω input impedance. Does not include insertion loss of SAW filter at RF input but does include IF filter of 470kHz 3dB bandwidth and a data filter bandwidth of 5kHz. The results shown in Figure 20 and in the AC Electrical Characteristics (1) on page 7 are with the simple LC circuit L5//C7 tuned correctly to 10·7MHz. 4. The performance of the power down option PD1 to PD2 cannot be guaranteed below 3V for temperatures less than 0°C. However, the time to good data of PD0 to PD2 can be improved by connecting a 200kΩ in parallel wth C14 (see Table 1, pin 23). 5. Time taken for PLL lock voltage to achieve 90% transition point of the control signal and the VCO frequency to achieve within 470kHz of the final frequency. The time taken to acquire PLL acquisition is governed by the PLL loop filter (C12, C1 and R2) and the crystal oscillator components (XTAL1, C13 and C14). The dominant term for PLL aquistion is the start-up time of the crystal oscillator circuit, provided the PLL loop filter settling time is much less than the crystal oscillator start-up time. Figure 7 illustrates a suitable test setup for measuring the acquisition time of the PLL and the results are shown in Figure 18. The electrical characterisation parameters are based on the following sets of conditions: Crystal oscillator circuit PLL loop filter Ident Value Ident Value C13 = C14 15pF C12 1·5nF XTAL1 6·6128MHz C1 180pF ESR 15·3Ω R1 10kΩ L 85·36mH C0 1·83pF C1 6·8pF The performance of the crystal oscillator can be improve by increasing the value of ESR (100Ω max.) or bt maintaining the crystaloscillator in PD0 mode by connecting a 200kΩ resistor in parallel with C14 (see Table 1, pin 23). The typical time to valid data of the receiver at a data rate of 2kb/s is shown in Figure 17, which is accurate to 6250µs since the duration of the SPACE at 2kb/s = 250µs. 6. Local oscillator power fed back into 50Ω source at antenna input (RF input). Measured with RF input matching network shown in Figures 25 and 26. 8 KESRX05 NOTES (continued) 7. In-band interference rejection for an unmodulated interfering signal at 100kHz low side from the wanted modulated signal at 433.92MHz to achieve a Bit Error Rate = 0·01. Figure 6 illustrates a suitable test set-up for measuring the interference rejection and selectivity of the receiver. Wanted signal = 290dBm at 433·92MHz (2kb/. 50% duty cycle), interfering signal = 278dBm at 433·82MHz. (unmodulated). Interference rejection typically equals +12dBm i.e. in-band interfering signal is 12dBm above the wanted signal level at -90dBm. 8. Actual intermediate frequency determined by choice of crystal and external ceramic filter. 9. For temperatures between 85°C and 105°C the maximum frequency of operation of the VCO local oscillator must be limited to 470MHz. The recommended components to limit the maximum free running frequency of the VCO to less than 470MHz, for an operating supply range of 5V65%, are: Ident D1 C11 C18 L2 Value BB833 6·8pF 10pF 39nH Tolerance 69% 60·1pF 60·1pF 62% The component values recommended in Tables 5 and 6 are to allow the KESRX05 to operate below VCC = 3V by maintaining the PLL lock voltage at approximately 1·5V (VCC/2) so that the VCO maximum free running frequency can exceed 470MHz. Thus, the recommended VCO component values for D!, C11, C18 and L2 given in Tables 5 and 6 cannot be used at temperatures above 85°C. 10.Sensitivity is defined as the average signal level measured at the input necessary to achieve a bit error rate of 0·01 where the input signal is a return to zero pulse with an average duty cycle of 50%, 2kb/s data rate. Equivalent to 2109dBm for a 50Ω input impedance. Does not include the insertion loss of a front end SAW filter at the R F input but does include the IF filter of 50kHz 3dB bandwidth and a data filter bandwidth of 5kHz. The results shown in Figure 20 and in the AC Electrical Characteristics (1) on page 7 are with the simple LC circuit L5//C7 tuned correctly to 10·7MHz. 11. This parameter is not 100% tested by production. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Power Down The PD pin, a tristate input, provides a 2-stage power down for the receiver. The receiver is fully operational when the pin is held high and is fully powered down when the pin is taken to ground as shown in Table 2. Pin 25 PD0 PD1 PD2 Status Low (0V) Receiver powered down VCC/2 Crystal oscillator running High (VCC) Receive mode Table 2 an antenna or to an input SAW filter with a maximum insertion loss of 3dB. The RF amplifier gain is about 1 3dB at 460MHz when matched into the mixer, while the RF amplifer noise figure is about 4·5dB when fed from a 50Ω source. The internal RF amplifier feeds a double balanced mixer through an external impedance matching circuit, RFOP to MIXIP. The AGC circuit monitors the mixer signal output level. Control is fed back, applying AGC to the RF amplifier to prevent overloading in the mixer and the generation of unwanted distortion products. This also has the effect of reducing the RSSI characteristic slope and extending its range of operation by more than 20dB at high signal levels (Figure 13). The AGC circuit also applies mixer booster current to improve the linearity of the mixer at high signal levels. This can be confirmed by monitoring the current consumption of the receiver with applied RF signal level (Figure 16). The AGC circuit comes into operation at mixer output signals greater than approximately 225dBm and reduces the RF amplifer gain by 6dB at an input signal level of approximaely 230dBm. Since the AGC operates on the mixer output signal level then the exact point where the AGC comes into opera tion depends on the RF amplifer to mixer matching circuits and RF amplifer gain. PD0 = Low None of the receiver circuits are functional. Current ICC2, is reduced to its lowest level of ,50µA (VCC applied). A longer settling time (t S2) is required to restore full performance after switching to receive mode PD0 to PD2 (Figures 7, 17 and 18). The settling time (time to valid data) of the receiver can be improved by maintaining the oscillation of the crystal in PD0 mode by placing a 200KΩ resistor in parallel with C14. The addition of this resistor will increase the current consumption of the receiver by approximately 20µA (see Table 1, pin 23). PD1 = VCC/2 or High-Z source (CMOS tristate) A non-receiving state with some critical circuits running including the crystal oscillator. Current consumption ICC1, is reduced to about 330µA. When switching to the receive state, PD1 to PD2 (Figures 7, 17 and 18), data can start to be recovered within 1ms (tS2) for signals close to maximum sensitivity. PD2 = High The receiver is fully functional and ready to receive data. IF Interface Unlike KESRX01 there is no internal integrated IF filter. This is to provide a more flexible design and allows the system designer to use a low IF or high IF up to 15MHz. Typically, a 10·7MHz ceramic IF filter connected between IFOUT and IFIN would be used together with an input RF SAW filter to give very good image channel rejection. The RF Down-Converter An internal RF amplifier is designed to interface directly to 9 KESRX05 choice of bandwidth for the 10·7MHz ceramic filter depends on frequency tolerancing of the transmitter, receiver, data rate and component cost. The IF filter drive, IFOUT, is a voltage drive with a 300Ω series resistance (see Table 1, pin 6). This allows impedance matching to the ceramic IF filter to be set by an external series resistor. A 10·7MHz ceramic filter with, typically, a 300Ω input impedance does not require an external matching resistor at IFOUT. The input to the log amp, IFIN, is high impedance with an internal 3kΩ shunt resistor. Impedance matching to the output of the ceramic filter is achieved by an external shunt resistor R9 between IFIN and IFDC1 (see Table 1, pin 3). 4. Note that the LO level is , 265 dBm, range = 300 to , 500MHz. 5. Vary the value of the PSU input to confirm that there is a corresponding change in LO frequency. Set the PSU at VCC/2. If the VCO does not oscillate at VCC/2, characterise the LO at an alternative voltage. 6. Using a plot of the varactor characteristic determine the varactor capacitance at VCC/2. e.g. for a 2V VCC design the Siemens BB833 capacitance at 1V = 10pF (approx.). 7. Using the following equation deduce the value of the total stray parasitic capacitance CP. 1 CP = ~2p3fLO23L2!2CV Phase Lock Loop VCO The local oscillator (LO) is a VCO locked to a crystal reference by a phase lock loop (PLL). The VCO gain is nominally 26MHz/V depending on the external varactor used. The LO frequency is divided by 64 and fed into the phase-frequency detector, where the reference frequency is provided from the crystal oscillator. The AC phase detector output current into the PLL loop filter is nominally 615µA. The maximum loop filter bandwidth is 50kHz. @ # where CV = varactor capacitance at VCC/2 8. Using the following equation select the nearest value for L2 to centre the VCO at VCC/2. L2 = 1 ~2p3fLO2!3~CP1CV! VCO Circuit Design and Layout The Local Oscillator (LO) frequency is controlled by a parallel resonant tuned circuit. The frequency of the local oscillator is controlled by a Phase Locked Loop (PLL), referenced to the crystal frequency. Designing for VCO Track Parasitics To remove the effect of track parasitics the following procedure should be adopted. 1. Open circuit the control feed back from the PLL control loop by removing R1. 2. Connect an external Power Supply Unit (PSU = VCC/ 2) in place of R1, LF output (Figure 3). 3. Using a spectrum analyser, monitor the LO level at the RFIN port. Alternatively use a small pick-up coil to loosely couple to the signal generated across L2. 9. By varying the PSU voltage confirm that the LO is centred correctly at VCC/2, and that the oscillator operates over the range 0V to VCC. 10. Disconnect the PSU and reconnect R1. Measure the value at LF output using a 3 10 probe and an oscilloscope. This should be a direct voltage with no ripple at VCC/2 (60.3V). If not repeat steps 1 to 8. To compensate for non standard inductor values vary the value of C18 and C11 to vary the capacitance of the varactor to centre the VCC at VCC/2. NOTE: It is important to minimise stray capacitance in the VCO circuit to ensure that the VCO starts oscillating. The use of a varactor with a low capacitance at zero bias is advisable. Similarly, reducing the values of C11 and C18 whilst increasing L2 will help to reduce the capacitance of the varactor at 0V, improving the reliability of the oscillator. A compact design methodology is recommended for the VCO circuit components L2, C11, C18 and D1. 10 KESRX05 KESRX05 19 VCO1 C11 R4 VCO 18 VCO2 L2 C18 D1 CONNECTOR CHARACTERISATION 464 R1 C12 XTAL1 23/24 XTAL1/2 +- RTEST (=R1) PSU PHASE DETECTOR 16 LF C1 R2 Figure 3 Characterising the VCO/PLL operation IF Amp/RSSI Detector This is a log amplifierwith a small signal gain .80dB and an RSSI output used as the detector. The 3dB bandwidth of the IF log amplifier is typically 45MHz to allow for high IFs to be used. However, normally, this wide IF bandwidth would limit the overall sensitivity of the receiver due to the amplified wideband noise generated in the first IF stage. Since the RSSI detector is not frequency selective, any wide band noise introduced after the intermediate filter CF1 will be detected as signal. A simple LC noise reduction filter is therefore positioned part way down the log amplifier to reduce the noise power from the earlier stages. Typically this filter only needs to be a fixed component parallel LC filter (L5 and C7) between pins IFFLT1 and IFFLT2 with a 1 MHz bandwidth (i.e. Q ~10). There are two internal 20kΩ damping resistors across these pins which will determine the Q and the choice of L and C values (AC equivalent circuit = 20kΩ), i.e: L= 23104 2pfIF Q C= 1 (2pfIF)2 L path to remove any DC voltage offsets at the output of the high gain log amplifier, RSSI pin 27. Further improvement in sensitivity can be gained by increasing the Q of the parallel LCfilter, provided that tolerancing of the LC filter is taken into account. For a low IF receiver, ,1 MHz, a low pass filter can be used for both the IF and noise reduction filter. Such a receiver, however, will have virtually no image rejection capability, and will thus have a 3dB penality in noise factor, impairing the ultimate sensitivity of the receiver by a minimum of 3dB. The RSSI output transfer characteristic, at the RSSI pin, has a slope of about 16mV/d B. A typical transfer characteristic from RFIN input to RSSI output is plotted in Figures 14 and 15, measured with a constant wave (n0 modulation RF input signal. This shows the effect of the AGC in extending the range of the detector to .110dBm RF input signal and includes the effect of the AGC circuit adapting to this signal level. Because the RF amplifier AGC has a fast attack time and slow decay time characteristic, the gain of the stage remains constant during the data burst. This means that the change in output for a given extinction ratio also remains constant at approximately 16mV/dB up to peak input signal levels .110dBm. This requires the decay time constant to exceed the transmitted bit period and no long period of zero signal power has been transmitted. Increasing the decay time constant of the AGC circuit by increasing the value of C8 will impair the settling time (time to good data) of the receiver. When duty cycling the An external damping resistor can be used to lower the Q of the tuned LC circuit. This will alter the gain of the log amplifier, i.e., slope and gradient of Figure 15. The objective of the damping resistor is to prevent mis-tuning of the LC circuit due to component tolerancing and thus degrading the sensitivity of the receiver. The sensitivity results shown in Figures 19 and 20 and in the AC Electrical Characterisics (1) apply with no external damping resistor and the LC circuit correctly tuned to 10·7MHz. The preferred alternative to a damping resistor is to lower the Q of the the inductor L5 or to increase the tolerance of C6. A ceramic resonator or filter is not a recommended here as the external LC filter provides a low impedance DC 11 KESRX05 operation to the receiver between PDO and PD2 to lower power consumption of the receiver. When Duty cycling the receiver between PD1 and PD2 the settling time of the receiver is independent of C8. In the application circuit Figures 25 and 26 the value of C8 is configured for minimum settling time. The times to valid data with C8 = 10nF are shown in Figure 18 for PD0 to PD2 and PD1 to PD2. the data rate or increasing the mark/space ratio will require a corresponding increrase in the value of C10. Figure 6 illustrates a suitable test setupforcharacterising the interference rejection and selectivity of the receiver. Figure 8 illustrates the in-band interference rejection with the anti-jam circuit connected as shown in Figure 10 and bypassed (Figure 11) at VCC = 3V and TAMB = 25°C. Note the improvement in interference rejection between the two modes of operation over the wanted signal range of 294 to 0dBm. Note also the 40dB improvement in signal handling capability with the anti- jam circuit connected and the 20dB improvement with the SAW filter removed Figure 9 illustrates the difference in receiver selectivity with the ant-jam circuit connected and bypassed. Note the improvement in receiver selectivity between the two modes of operation over the frequency range 433·92MHz 65kHz and the ability of the anti-jam circuit to improce the selectivity of the SAW filter over the frequency range 433MHz to 434·5MHz. Also note the 20dB improvement in the in-band signal handling capability demonstrated in Figure 8 with the SAW filter not used. This can be used to improve the out-of-band blocking capability of the application without SAW filter (Figure 25); this design option can reduce the overall cost of the receiver by, typically, 1 to 2 US Dollars.The selectivity curve with the anti-jam circuit by-passed is governed by the response of the front end IF ceramic filter, secondary IF filter and data filter. Figures 8 and 8 were recorded with the component specifications given in Table 3. Component specification (Figure 11) R6 C2 L5//C7 Data filter BW IF BW SAW BW/No SAW BW OOK modulation 12kΩ N/A 1MHz at 10·7MHz 5kHz 470kHz 750kHz/1MHz 2kb/s (50% duty cycle) Anti-jamming Circuit The output of the RSSI is AC coupled by C10 into the Antijamming circuit where the signal is DC restored on the peak signal level (Figure 10). The coupling capacitor charges to the appropriate DC level, which is related to the final slice level for the data comparator. The antijamming circuit amplifies the peak of the signal to recover the data signal component even in the presence of jamming signals. The interferer causes modulation of the wanted signal at the beat frequency of the two signals and reduces the amplitude of the wanted data component making it more difficult to recover. The action of the antijamming circuit centres the bandwidth of the receiver around the wanted signal proportional to the data filter bandwidth to suppress the interfering beat frequency recovering the wanted signal. Bypassing the anti-jamming circuit (Figure 11) will result in data corruption for interfering RF signal levels 6dB below the wanted signal (Figures 8 and 9). The DC restoration circuit has a fast attack time and slow decay time, both controlled by the value of coupling capacitor chosen between RSSI and DETB pins. Reducing Component specification (Figure 10) R6 C2 L5//C7 Data filter BW IF BW SAW BW/No SAW BW OOK modulation 130kΩ 270pF 1MHz at 10·7MHz 5kHz 470kHz 750kHz/1MHz 2kb/s (50% duty cycle) Table 3 Component specification for Figures 10 and 11. The values given are changes from those given in Table 5 necessary to obtain the results shown in Figures 8 and 9. 12 KESRX05 Improving Anti-Jamming Performance G Interference rejection (dB) = Interferer (dBm)2Wanted (dBm). The interference rejection of the receiver for different modulation schemes can be improved by: G for sensitivity, squelch and optimum interference rejection the slice level can be offset from the internal reference by a high value resistor from the DSN pin to Vee and/or the peak detector output (Figures 25 and 26). The data comparator (slicer) output, DATAOP, is CMOS compatible but is only capable of driving small capacitive loads, ,20pF, depending on data rate. With the anti-jam circuit connected, data output has the inverted sense of the input signal at DF2. To invert the sense of the data output with the anti-jam circuit connected, the buffer transistor circuit shown in Figure 4 can be used. VCC CIN RBIAS Changing the value of C2. Increasing the value of C2 may result in pulse stretching of the recovered signal. Adjusting the comparator reference level (DSN) by offsetting the internal reference (Figure 6) by a high value resistor from the DSN pin to VEE and or the peak detector output. (Figures 25 and 26). Reducing the bandwidth of the data fillter, intermediate frequency filter CF1 and/or the noise reduction filter (L5 C7). Thebandwidth of the receiver must accommodate tolerancing of the data, transmitter and receiver. Increasing the value of AGC capacitor C8 to maintain the level of the AGC controi during the off period of the wanted modulation signal. This will improve the interference rejection of the receiver but increase the time to good data from power-up PD0 to PD2. The application circuit Figure 26 has been optimised for time to good data. Changing the value of C10 to allow the anti-jam circuit to detect/recover alternative data modulation schemes such as PWM. G G G FROM DATAOP RIN BUFFERED DATAOP ROUT VEE Figure 4 G Data state High Low Data Data Table 4 Buffered state Low High VEE VCC Baseband The RSSI output will contain wide band demodulated noise and signals which are within the RF and IF filter pass bands. An additional low pass data filter is therefore used to improve overall sensitivity. KESRX05 has an integrated second-order Sallen and Key data filter whose characteristic is set by R10, R11, C5 and C6. Figure 10 showsthe connections and calculation for the 23dB cut-off frequency and filter type. The cut-off frequency is determined from the data rate and the level of pulse distortion which can be tolerated. The data filter cut off frequency is usually set at 3 to 5 times the minimum pulse width period, i.e: 1 fC = 53 Data pulse width The output from this filter, DF2, is directly coupled into the inverting input of the data comparator with a fixed slice level applied to the non-inverting input, DSN. A peak detector recovers the signal amplitude on the capacitor. Normally, the comparator reference level used is the internal reference, a capacitor at Pin DSN serving to remove noise pick-up. In order to fine tune the slice level NOTE Buffered DATAOP will squelch low if the input data signal remains continuously in a high or low state. The time taken for the buffered data output to squelch low is governed by the time constant CINRIN. The output drive current is nominally 650µA so that a system using high data rates or higher capacitive loads, e.g. Iong track lengths, may need to incorporate a buffer transistor to provide the necessary edge speeds to the following logic circuits.The comparator has 20mV hysteresis built-in to reduce edge chatter. The sense of the squelch on the data output is low when no signal is present. This may be confusing, as a low output during the data burst also corresponds to the on period, i.e. the MARK, of the RF OOK signal. However, it is the very first pulse of the data signal which causes the DC restoration capacitor of the anti-jamming circuit to charge to the correct level appropriate to the final slice level. As a consequence of this the very first pulse of the data transmission may be lost as the receiver adapts to the incoming signal level. 13 KESRX05 RFOP 9 MIXIP 8 VCCRF 7 IFOUT IFIN 6 2 IFDC1 IFFLT2 IFFLT1 IFDC2 1 28 4 2 RSSI DETB 27 26 DF0 DF1 22 21 DF2 20 13 PEAK PEAK DET ANTI-JAM AGC 12 DATA FILTER DATA SLICER 100k 14 DATAOP AGC 464 LOG AMP PHASE/ FREQUENCY DETECTOR REFERENCE CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR 25 5 17 16 23 24 15 DSN RFIN 11 LNA VCO + - VREF 10 18 19 VEERF VCO2 VCO1 PD VCC VEE LF XTAL2 XTAL1 Figure 5 Block schematic of KESRX05 VARIABLE DELAY LINE 4kb/s 50% DUTY CYCLE OOK INPUT BUFFER AMPLIFIER WANTED SIGNAL 433·92MHz RX CLK PULSE GENERATOR SIGNAL GENERATOR 1 KESRX05 PCB RF NC NC RFIN GND GND VCC DATA PD NC BIT ERROR RATE ANALYSER TRIGGER SIGNAL GENERATOR 2 INTERFERING SIGNAL 433·82MHz RFIN HYBRID COMBINER DC PSU 3V TO 6V DATA O/P OSCILLOSCOPE NOTES 1. Variable delay line used to equalise the propagation delay of the receiver. 2. Buffer amplifier used to drive the low input impedance of the Bit Error Rate analyser. 3. High impedance (310) oscilloscope probe recommended. Figure 6 Characterising selectivity and interference rejection KESRX05 PCB RF NC NC RFIN GND GND VCC DATA PD NC PLL SPECTRUM ANALYSER OSCILLOSCOPE 1 6470kHz POWER DOWN TRIGGER t DC PSU 3V TO 6V POWER DOWN SWITCH (SEE TABLE 2, PAGE 9) NC NOTES 1. High impedance (310) oscilloscope probe recommended. 2. Loosely coupled antenna or high impedance FET probe recommended for the spectrum analyser measurement. 3. Time taken for PLL to achieve 90% of final voltage within 6470kHz of final frequency (423·33MHz). 4. Spectrum analyser set to PLL lock frequency (423·33MHz), zero span 470kHz IF bandwidth, tSWEEP 20ms. Figure 7 Characterising the PLL acquisition time from power-up 14 KESRX05 20 INTERFERENCE REJECTION RATIO (dB) 10 NO SAW SAW ANTI-JAM CIRCUIT CONNECTED 0 ANTI-JAM 40dB IMPROVEMENT NO SAW 40dB IMPROVEMENT 210 NO SAW SAW ANTI-JAM CIRCUIT BYPASSED 220 230 240 2100 290 280 270 260 250 240 230 220 210 0 NOTE Unmodulated interfering signal is 100kHz low side from wanted signal. Both signals are within the passband of the receiver (ceramic filter) i.e. Wanted signal = 433·92 MHz at 2kb/s, 290 to 0dBm (50% duty cycle) Interfering signal = 433·82MHz continuous carrier, 290 to 0dBm WANTED SIGNAL LEVEL (dBm) Figure 8 In-band interference rejection of the receiver 100 SAW NO SAW 80 ANTI-JAM CONNECTED ANTI-JAM CONNECTED ANTI-JAM BYPASSED 60 SELECTIVITY (dB) ANTI-JAM BYPASSED 40 20 0 220 431 431·5 432 432·5 433 433·5 434 434·5 435 435·5 436 FREQUENCY (MHz) NOTE The action of the anti-jam circuit to centre the bandwidth of the receiver around the wanted modulated signal at 433·92 MHz, 20kb/s, 50% duty cycle, 290dBm Also notice the ability of the receiver to achieve the same selectivity performance over the frequency range 433 to 434.5 MHz with and wthout a SAW filter. Figure 9 KESRX05 selectivity response 15 KESRX05 C5 L5 C7 IFIN 3 R10 C10 RSSI 28 27 R11 C6 C2 DETB 26 IFLT1 1 IFLT2 DF0 22 DF1 21 DF2 20 13 100k RSSI O/P ANTI-JAM CIRCUIT PEAK AMP A AMP B AMP C 14 DATAOP DSN REF SALLEN-KEY DATA FILTER SLICER 15 KESRX05 100k INTERNAL REFERENCE VOLTAGE Figure 10 Anti-jam circuit and data filter. Component idents refer to Figure 25, Figure 26 and Table 5. Sallen and Key Filter Components Cut-off frequency = fC, therefore vC = 2pfCY 2Q C5 = Rv C 1 C6 = 2QRvC Example To implement a filter response with a 10kHz 3dB cutoff frequency and with R10 = R11 = 100kΩ, Bessel filter: Butterworth filter: C5 where, for a Bessel response, Q = 0·557 and Y = 1·732 and, for a Butterworth response, Q = 0·71 and Y = 1·0. C5 = 106pF, C6 = 80pF C5 = 150pF, C6 = 150pF L5 C7 IFIN 3 C10 R10 R11 C6 IFLT1 1 IFLT2 28 RSSI 27 DETB 26 DF0 22 DF1 21 DF2 20 13 100k RSSI O/P ANTI-JAM CIRCUIT PEAK C6 AMP A AMP B AMP C 14 DATAOP R6 REF SALLEN-KEY DATA FILTER SLICER 15 DSN KESRX05 100k INTERNAL REFERENCE VOLTAGE Figure 11 Bypassing the anti-jam circuit (use component revisions recommended in Table 3) 16 KESRX05 SIGNAL GENERATOR 2 10·7 MHz 250 100n REMOVE IF FILTER BEFORE CONNECTING 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 IFIN SPECTRUM ANALYSER FET PROBE RSSI OSCILLOSCOPE 1 V AGC KESRX05 IFOUT RF NC NC RFIN GND KESRX05 PCB VCC DATA PD NC GND SIGNAL GENERATOR 1 433·92MHz A DC PSU 3V TO 6V NOTES 1. The 250Ω resistor added to the output of signal generator 2 modifies its characteristic impedance to mimic the output of the ceramic filter. 2. The 100nF capacitor brevents de-biasing of IFIN/ Figure 12 Characterising the receiver performance (Figures 13 to 16) The characteristics shown in Figures 13 to 24 are typical results measured from a a limited sample of production devices (see notes on page 19) 30 25 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) 20 15 AT VCC = 3V and 6V 10 5 0 25 210 215 2100 290 280 270 260 250 240 230 220 210 0 10 RFIN UNMODULATED CARRIER AT 433·92MHz (dBm) Figure 13 RFIN to IFOUT conversion gain (see RF Down-Converter, page 9) 17 KESRX05 1·8 1·4 RSSI VOLTAGE, PIN 27 (V) 1·2 1 VCC = 3V VCC = 6V 0·8 0·6 0·4 0·2 2100 280 260 240 220 28 24 0 4 8 RFIN UNMODULATED AT 433·92MHz (dBm) Figure 14 RFIN to RSSI output transfer characteristic (see IF Amp/RSSI Detector, page 11) 1·60 1·40 RSSI VOLTAGE, PIN 27 (V) 1·20 1·0 VCC = 3V VCC = 6V 0·80 0·60 0·40 0·40 2100 280 260 240 220 28 24 0 4 8 IFIN UNMODULATED CARRIER AT 10·7MHz (dBm) Figure 15 IFIN to RSSI output transfer characteristic (see IF Amp/RSSI Detector, page 11) 18 KESRX05 7·0 CURRENT CONSUMPTION, ICC (mA) 6·5 6·0 VCC = 3V VCC = 6V 5·5 5·0 4·5 4·0 3·5 2100 280 260 240 220 RFIN UNMODULATED CARRIER AT 433·92MHz (dBm) 0 20 Figure 16 Receiver current consumption v. received signal strength RFIN (see RF Down-converter, page 9) NOTES 1. Conversion gain of the receiver is limited by the insertion loss of the front end SAW filter. 2. Dynamic range of the RSSI output transfer characteristic (Figure 14) is governed by the noise figure of the receiver, which is limited by the insertion loss of the front end SAW filter and the bandwidth of the 10·7MHz ceramic filter. 3. Reduction in conversion gain and increase in receiver current consumption coincides with lift-off of the AGC control line (pin 12). Action of the AGC applies additional mixer booster current to improve the linearity of the mixer at high signal levels. 6 PD0 TTVD MAX PD0 TTVD TYP PD0 TTVD MIN 5 TIME TO VALID DATA AT 2 kb/s (ms) 4 3 PD1 TTVD MAX PD1 TTVD TYP PD1 TTVD MIN 2 1 0 240 0 NOTE Time to valid data of PD0 to PD2 can be improved by maintaining the crystal oscillator in PD0 mode (see Power Down, page 9 and Table 1, pin 23.) 25 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) 105 110 Figure 17 PD0 to PD2 and PD1 to PD2 time to valid data (see Power Down, page 9) 19 KESRX05 LF VOLTAGE ACHIEVING 90% OF FINAL VALUE (ms) 6 5 PD0 LF LOCK MAX PD0 LF LOCK TYP PD0 LF LOCK MIN 4 3 2 PD2 LF LOCK MAX PD2 LF LOCK TYP PD2 LF LOCK MIN 1 0 240 0 NOTE Time to PLL acquisition of PD0 to PD2 can be improved by maintaining the crystal oscillator in PD0 mode (see Power Down, page 9 and Table 1, pin 23). 25 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) 105 110 Figure 18 PD0 to PD2 and PD1 to PD2 time to PLL acquisition (tS1 and tS2, AC Electrical Characteristics (1), page 7) 2103 2103·5 SENSITIVIY AT 433·92MHz (dBm) 2104 2104·5 2105 2105·5 2106 2106·5 2107 240 25 85 OPERATING TEMPERATURE (°C) 110 MAX SENSITIVITY TYP SENSITIVITY MIN SENSITIVITY Figure 19 Receiver sensitivity v. temperature at VCC = 5V (VIN, AC Electrical Characteristics (1), page 7) 20 KESRX05 6 5 DATA OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4 DATAOP VOH MAX DATAOP VOH TYP DATAOP VOH MIN 3 2 1 DATAOP VOL MAX DATAOP VOL TYP DATAOP VOL MIN 0 240 0 25 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) 105 110 Figure 20 DATAOP I/O voltage drive at 620µA (VOH/VOH, AC Electrical Characteristics (1), page 7) 80 60 40 DATAOP IOH MAX DATAOP IOH TYP DATAOP IOH MIN CURRENT DRIVE (µA) 20 0 220 240 260 280 240 0 25 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) 105 110 DATAOP IOL MAX DATAOP IOL TYP DATAOP IOL MIN Figure 21 DATAOP I/O current drive at 620µA (see Baseband, page 13) 21 KESRX05 30 29·5 CURRENT CONSUMPTION, ICC2 (µA) 29 28·5 28 ICC2 2MAX ICC2 TYP ICC2 MIN 27·5 27 26·5 26 240 0 25 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) 105 110 Figure 22 Receiver current consumption in PD0 mode, DC Electrical Characteristics, page 7 360 355 350 345 340 ICC1 MAX ICC1 TYP ICC1 MIN CURRENT CONSUMPTION, ICC1 (µA) 335 330 225 240 0 25 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) 105 110 Figure 23 Receiver current consumption in PD1 mode, DC Electrical Characteristics, page 7 22 KESRX05 4·2 4·1 CURRENT CONSUMPTION, ICC (mA) 4 3·9 3·8 ICC MAX ICC TYP ICC MIN 3·7 3·6 3·5 3·4 240 0 25 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) 105 110 Figure 24 Receiver current consumption in PD2 mode, DC Electrical Characteristics, page 7 23 KESRX05 C7 L6 VCC C25 C26 R9 C3 1 2 3 4 KESRX05 IFFLT1 IFDC1 IFIN IFDC2 VCC IFOUT VCCRF MIXIP RFOP VEERF RFIN AGC PEAK DATAOP IFFLT2 RSSI DETB PD XTAL1 XTAL2 DF0 DF1 DF2 VCO1 VCO2 VEE LF DSN 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 C10 PD C23 XTAL1 R10 C2 C5 L2 C11 D1 C18 R1 C1 R2 R4 C12 R11 C6 C15 C4 3 VCC 5 6 C14 C13 CF1 O/P GND 2 I/P 1 VCC C28 C29 L1 C9 7 8 9 10 C21 RF IN C19 C8 L3 11 12 13 R7 DATA C22 R6 14 Figure 25 Application circuit diagram for KESRX05 with NO SAW filter C7 L6 VCC C25 C26 R9 C3 1 2 3 4 KESRX05 IFFLT1 IFDC1 IFIN IFDC2 VCC IFOUT VCCRF MIXIP RFOP VEERF RFIN AGC PEAK DATAOP IFFLT2 RSSI DETB PD XTAL1 XTAL2 DF0 DF1 DF2 VCO1 VCO2 VEE LF DSN 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 C10 PD C23 XTAL1 R10 C2 C5 L2 C11 D1 C18 R1 C1 R2 R4 C12 R11 C6 C15 CF1 3 O/P GND 2 I/P 1 C4 VCC 5 6 C14 C13 VCC C28 8 GND I/P GND I/P GND 3 7 C29 L1 7 GND O/P GND O/P GND 4 6 5 8 C9 9 10 BS3550 1 L4 RF IN C19 2 L3 11 12 C8 R7 13 14 DATA C22 R6 Figure 26 Application circuit diagram for KESRX05 with SAW filter 24 KESRX05 Ident C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 (1) C8 C9 C10 C11 (1) C12 C13 C14 C15 C18 (1) C19 (2) C21 (3) C22 C23 C25 C26 C28 C29 R1 R2 R4 R6 R7 R9 (1) R10 R11 D1 CF1 (1) SAWF L1 (2) L2 (2) L3 (2, 3) L3 (1,3) L4 (2,4) L5 (1) XTAL1 (2) KESRX05 Value 150ph 270pF 10nF 10nF 270pF 270pF 47pF 10nF 56pF 1µF 12pF 1·5nF 18pF 18pF 100pF 12pF 2pF 220pF 1µF 100pF 100pF 1µF 1µF 100pF 4.7kΩ 10kΩ 4.7kΩ 100kΩ 100kΩ 360Ω 100kΩ 100kΩ BB833 SFE10.7MA26 B3550 39nH 27nH 68nH 100nH 33nH 4.7µH 6·61281MHz Part No./tolerance GRM39C0G151J GRM39C0G271J GRM39X7R103K GRM39X7R103K GRM39SL271J GRM39SL271J GRM39COG470G GRM39Y5V103K GRM39COG560J GRM40Y5V105Z GRM39COG120J GRM39X7R152K GRM39COG180J G RM39COG180J GRM39COG101J GRM39COG120J GRM39COG2R0C GRM39COG221J GRM40Y5V105Z GRM39COG101J GRM39COG101J GRM40Y5V105Z GRM40Y5V105Z GRM39COG101J N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 4 to 10pF 3dB BW = 230kHz 3dB BW = 230kHz LL2012-F39NJ LL2012-F27NJ LL2012-F68NJ LL1608-FHR10J LL2012-F33NJ FLU25204R7J 6100 PPM Supplier Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Murata Rohm Rohm Rohm Rohm Rohm Rohm Rohm Rohm Siemens Murata TOKO TOKO TOKO TOKO TOKO TOKO TOKO Kinseki / Quartz Tek Mitel Semiconductor Size 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0805 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 0805 0603 0603 0805 0805 0603 0603 0603 0603 0805 0603 0603 0603 0603 SOD323 Radial 5mm2 2012 2012 1608 1608 2021 2520 HC49/4H QP28 Table 5 Components for Figures 25 and 26 NOTES 1. Adjust for alternative IF/ceramic filter. 2. Adjust for alternative centre frequency. 3. Without SAW filter (Figure 25). 4. With SAW filter (Figure 26). 25 For more information about all Zarlink products visit our Web Site at w ww.zarlink.com Information relating to products and services furnished herein by Zarlink Semiconductor Inc. or its subsidiaries (collectively “Zarlink”) is believed to be reliable. However, Zarlink assumes no liability for errors that may appear in this publication, or for liability otherwise arising from the application or use of any such information, product or service or for any infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights owned by third parties which may result from such application or use. Neither the supply of such information or purchase of product or service conveys any license, either express or implied, under patents or other intellectual property rights owned by Zarlink or licensed from third parties by Zarlink, whatsoever. Purchasers of products are also hereby notified that the use of product in certain ways or in combination with Zarlink, or non-Zarlink furnished goods or services may infringe patents or other intellectual property rights owned by Zarlink. This publication is issued to provide information only and (unless agreed by Zarlink in writing) may not be used, applied or reproduced for any purpose nor form part of any order or contract nor to be regarded as a representation relating to the products or services concerned. The products, their specifications, services and other information appearing in this publication are subject to change by Zarlink without notice. No warranty or guarantee express or implied is made regarding the capability, performance or suitability of any product or service. Information concerning possible methods of use is provided as a guide only and does not constitute any guarantee that such methods of use will be satisfactory in a specific piece of equipment. It is the user’s responsibility to fully determine the performance and suitability of any equipment using such information and to ensure that any publication or data used is up to date and has not been superseded. Manufacturing does not necessarily include testing of all functions or parameters. These products are not suitable for use in any medical products whose failure to perform may result in significant injury or death to the user. All products and materials are sold and services provided subject to Zarlink’s conditions of sale which are available on request. Purchase of Zarlink’s I2C components conveys a licence under the Philips I2C Patent rights to use these components in and I2C System, provided that the system conforms to the I2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips. Zarlink, ZL and the Zarlink Semiconductor logo are trademarks of Zarlink Semiconductor Inc. Copyright Zarlink Semiconductor Inc. All Rights Reserved. TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION - NOT FOR RESALE