ERA-LORA

easyRadio Advanced eRA- LoRa Long Range Datasheet Features Chirped Spread Spectrum technology Pin compatible with easyRadio Advanced (eRA) series RF modules uFL RF connector for remote antennas Point to Point communication Half duplex transparent Serial Data Input and Output Up to 180 bytes per packet Familiar easyRadio commands Built in temperature sensor ‘Flash’ firmware upgrades. New features and updates can be quickly programmed using LPRS tools Product image for illustration purposes only The easyRadio eRA-LoRa (Long Range) RF transceiver module uses Chirped Spread Spectrum (CSS) modulation together with DSP (Digital Signal Processing) to achieve greater range than traditional devices using OOK, FSK or GFSK modulation. In addition, sensitivity and blocking performance are improved giving high interference immunity whilst still offering low power consumption. The module is a complete sub-system that combines a high performance low power RF transceiver, a microcontroller and a voltage regulator. Key operating parameters can be changed and configured by sending simple ‘text’ (ASCII character) commands to the module. Key Parameters Frequency: 868/915MHz Receiver sensitivity: down to -137dBm Multi-channel operation RF Power output: up to +20dBm (100mW) Receive current consumption: 15mA RSSI dynamic range: 127dB Line of Sight (LoS) range - 1km – 3km plus User Programmable Options: Spreading factors 6: to 12 Error correction rate Bandwidth: 125, 250, 500kHz Over air data rates of up to 300 kbps Host Data Rate: 2.4kbps – 115.2kbps The variable spreading factor and error correction rate allow the user to optimise the bandwidth to provide a balance between sensitivity (range) and data rate. Applications Required range is above 1km or transceiver is in poor RF location Suburban security alarms - void buildings, caravan or car storage sites, warehouses Rural security, farm buildings/equipment, livestock monitoring, remote irrigation pumps Data collection and monitoring over a wide area eRA_LoRa_FCC_V1.22.docx Page 1 of 9 easyRadio Advanced eRA-LoRa Long Range Datasheet FCC Warning Statement:    This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. End users must follow the specific operating instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. This transmitter must not be co-located or operated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. Canada Warning Statement: English: Under Industry Canada regulations, this radio transmitter may only operate using an antenna of a type and maximum (or lesser) gain approved for the transmitter by Industry Canada. To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that necessary for successful communication. This device complies with Industry Canada licence-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. French: Conformément à la réglementation d'Industrie Canada, le présent émetteur radio peut fonctionner avec une antenne d'un type et d'un gain maximal (ou inférieur) approuvé pour l'émetteur par Industrie Canada. Dans le but de réduire les risques de brouillage radioélectrique à l'intention des autres utilisateurs, il faut choisir le type d'antenne et son gain de sorte que la puissance isotrope rayonnée équivalente (p.i.r.e.) ne dépasse pas l'intensité nécessaire à l'établissement d'une communication satisfaisante. Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L'exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes : (1) l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et (2) l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le fonctionnement. eRA_LoRa_FCC_V1.22.docx Page 2 of 9 easyRadio Advanced eRA-LoRa Long Range Datasheet eRA-LoRa Transceiver The easyRadio eRA-LoRa RF transceiver module is a complete sub-system that combines a high performance low power RF transceiver, a microcontroller and a voltage regulator. The Serial Data Input (SDI) and Serial Data Output (SDO) by default operate at the standard 19,200 Baud and two handshake lines provide optional flow control to and from the host. The easyRadio Transceiver can accept and transmit up to 180 bytes of data, which it buffers internally before transmitting in an efficient over-air code format. Any other eRA-Lora transceiver, within range and on the same settings, that ‘hears’ the transmission will decode the message and place the recovered data within a receive buffer that can then be downloaded to the receiving host for processing and interpretation. Radio transmission and reception is bi-directional (half duplex) i.e. transmit OR receive but not simultaneously. Extra internal buffers however, allow the user to upload data while a download is in progress giving the appearance of fully duplex data flow. eRA-LoRa 38.0mm Antenna 2 RFIC RF Gnd 3 Transceiver uProcessor Temperature Sensor 4 5 6 7 Vcc eRA-LoRa RSSI uFL RF Busy Serial Data Out 15.24 mm Serial Data In Ready 1 2 EEPROM 9 Block Diagram 14.0 mm 3.3V Regulator 10.0 mm 8 1 Gnd 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Pin Pitch 2.54mm PCB Hole Size 1.0 mm 4.0 mm Physical Dimensions Pin Description Pin No 1 2 Name Antenna RF Ground 3 4 Programmable IO Busy Output 5 6 7 Serial Data Out Serial Data In Ready Input 8 Vcc 9 Ground Description Notes 50Ω RF input/output. Connect to suitable antenna. RF ground. Connect to antenna ground (coaxial cable screen braid) and local ground plane. Internally connected to other Ground pins. Provisional Digital output indicates that transceiver is ready to receive serial CTS function data from host. Digital output for received serial data to host Digital input for serial data to be transmitted Digital Input to indicate that Host is Ready to receive serial data RTS function from transceiver Positive supply pin. +2.5 to +5.5 Volts. This should be a ‘clean’ noise free supply with less than 25mV of ripple. Connect to supply 0 Volt and ground plane Checklist The module operates internally from an on board 3.3 Volt low drop regulator. The logic levels of the input/output pins are therefore between 0 Volt and 3.3 Volts. Outputs will drive logic operating at 3.3 Volts and inputs will be correctly driven by logic operating at 5 Volts. Fit 10K resistors in series with data lines when interfacing to 5V logic. The serial inputs and outputs are intended for connection to a UART or similar low voltage logic device. Do not connect any of the inputs or outputs directly to an RS232 port. The transceiver module may be permanently damaged by the voltages (+/- 12V) present on RS232 signal lines. When handshaking is enabled the ‘Host Ready Input’ should be held at 0 Volt (Ground) in the idle state. eRA_LoRa_FCC_V1.22.docx Page 3 of 9 easyRadio Advanced eRA-LoRa Long Range Datasheet Absolute Maximum Ratings Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Vcc All Other Pins (N.B.) Antenna -40° C to +85° C -40° C to +85° C - 0.3 to + 5.5 Volts - 0.3 to +3.3 Volts +10dBm - Should be protected to prevent damage from ESD Performance Data: eRA-LoRa. Supply +5.0 Volt ± 5%, Temperature 20° C DC Parameters Supply Voltage (Vcc) Pin 8 Min 2.5 Typical 3.3-5.0 Max 5.5 Units Volts Transmit supply current 8 18 90 125 mA Receive supply current Sleep Mode current Interface Levels Data Output Logic 1 Data Output Logic 0 Logic Output Current Data Input Logic 1 Data Input Logic 0 Input Pull-ups RF Parameters Antenna Impedance 8 8 10 1 11.2 mA µA 3.1 0.1 25 3.6 0.2 2.0 100 1 868 902 RF Frequency 50 869.85 915 870 928 Volts Volts mA Volts Volts KΩ Notes 90mA at +17dBm 125mA at +20dBm 2 4 10k load to +Vcc supply 10k load to +Vcc supply 1 Ohms MHz MHz See ER Configuration command set Transmitter RF Power Output Frequency accuracy Harmonics/Spurious Emissions Over Air Data Rate Receiver Serial Data Rate Logic Timing Initial Power Up Time Mechanical Size Pin Pitch Weight 1 1 SF6 -122 -119 -116 2.4 +7 +17 ±10 +7 +20 dBm dBm ppm 868MHz - 50Ω load 915MHz - 50Ω load Overall -47 < -36 dBm Meets EN 300 220-3 Kbps 19.2 500 SF12 -137 -134 -131 115.2 1 38 x 14 x 4 2.54 3.5 dBm dBm dBm Kbps At 125kHz bandwidth (SF 6 - 12) At 250kHz bandwidth At 500kHz bandwidth Host interface mS 2,3 mm mm grams (Standard 0.1 Inches) Notes: 1. 2. 3. The ‘Host Ready Input’ and the ‘Serial Data Input’ have ‘weak’ internal pull-ups enabled. The transceiver will then be ready to receive (default) or transmit. It would normally be left in this powered state ready to receive data. During power up the Busy Output line goes high and then goes low when ready for use. eRA_LoRa_FCC_V1.22.docx Page 4 of 9 easyRadio Advanced eRA-LoRa Long Range Datasheet easyRadio eRA Configuration Command Set Key operating parameters of eRA can be changed and configured by sending the ‘text’ (ASCII character) commands detailed below. These commands can be executed using ‘easyRadio Companion’ software, any ‘Terminal’ software operating on a PC or from the host microcontroller. The commands should be sent exactly as shown: i.e. case sensitive with no spaces between characters. Commands are not executed until the Acknowledgement sequence (ACK) is sent to and processed by the module. To send the commands follow this procedure: Send Command from host: e.g. ER_CMD#U5 (Set UART BAUD to 38400) Wait for the completion of the echo of the Command from the module. e.g. ER_CMD#U5 Send the ACK command as the three upper case ASCII characters ‘A’ ‘C’ ‘K’ in sequence with no spaces Commands ending with ‘?’ (see below) do not require any ACK. Host Serial Communication Settings Command UART Data Rate  ER_CMD#U1 2400 ER_CMD#U2 4800 ER_CMD#U3 9600 ER_CMD#U4 19200  ER_CMD#U5 38400 ER_CMD#U6 31250 ER_CMD#U7 76800 ER_CMD#U8 115200 ER_CMD#U? Get UART Value ER_CMD#A70 ER_CMD#A71 ER_CMD#A72 No Parity Even Parity Odd Parity  ER_CMD#A40 ER_CMD#A41 Disable Fast ACK Enable Fast ACK  Tick Indicates Factory Default setting MIDI - Musical Instrument Digital Interface (Not supported by PC UARTS) (Not supported by PC UARTS) The module replies with the current UART data rate value E.g: ER_CMD#U2 - No ‘ACK’ is required Data = 1 Start, 8 Data, No Parity, 1 Stop Data = 1 Start, 8 Data, 1 Parity, 1 Stop Data = 1 Start, 8 Data, 1 Parity, 1 Stop See notes below Transmit RF Power Output Settings ER_CMD#P0 ER_CMD#P1 ER_CMD#P2 ER_CMD#P3 ER_CMD#P4 ER_CMD#P5 ER_CMD#P6 ER_CMD#P7 ER_CMD#P8 ER_CMD#P9 ER_CMD#P?  Get Power Value RF Channel Settings ER_CMD#Cx Where x = Channel Number in decimal ER_CMD#cx ER_CMD#C? As uppercase C Get Channel Value eRA-LoRa 868 902-928 -2 -1 -1 1 0 3 1 5 2 7 3 9 4 11 5 13 6 15 7 17 Units MHz dBm dBm dBm dBm dBm dBm dBm dBm dBm dBm The module replies with the current power value. e.g: ER_CMD#P9 - No ACK is required. E.g. For Channel 1: ER_CMD#C1 or ER_CMD#C01 (leading zero) or ER_CMD#C001 Uppercase 'C' stores value in EEPROM Lowercase 'c' does not store value in EEPROM The module replies with the current channel setting E.g: ER_CMD#C9 - No ACK is required. Signal Bandwidth eRA_LoRa_FCC_V1.22.docx Page 5 of 9 easyRadio Advanced eRA-LoRa Long Range Datasheet ER_CMD#B0 Set Signal Bandwidth ER_CMD#B1 ER_CMD#B2 ER_CMD#B? Get Signal Bandwidth Band Plan ER_CMD#b0 0 ER_CMD#b1 1 Frequency Settings ER_CMD#F Set Absolute Frequency ER_CMD#F?  Bandwidth 125 kHz 250 kHz 500 kHz Data Rate @ S/F = 12 300 bps 600 bps 1200 bps 869.850 903.000  MHz MHz Sets the absolute frequency to xxxxxxxx in Hex E.g. ER_CMD#F33DCAC220 sets the radio frequency to 870100000Hz. This will override until another ‘b’ command is sent Returns the current frequency value as 8 bytes of Hex E.g. ER_CMD#F? Returns 33DCAC20 which is 870100000MHz Get current Frequency value After sending these commands the Channel number will be reset to Channel 0 Band base/start frequency Set Frequency of Channel 0 Get Frequency of Channel 0 Spreading Factor S/F ER_CMD#s0 ER_CMD#s1 ER_CMD#s2 ER_CMD#s3 ER_CMD#s4 ER_CMD#s5 ER_CMD#s6 ER_CMD#s? Miscellaneous ER_CMD#R0 ER_CMD#R1 ER_CMD#A10 ER_CMD#A11 ER_CMD#A50 ER_CMD#A51 ER_CMD#a00 ER_CMD#a01 Test Modes ER_CMD#T3 ER_CMD#T4 ER_CMD#T7 ER_CMD#T8 Chips 6 64 7 128 8 256 9 512 10 1024 11 2048 12 4096 Get Spreading Factor Reset Module (POR) Reset to Defaults Encryption Off Encryption On Handshaking Off Handshaking On RSSI Off RSSI On eRA_LoRa_FCC_V1.22.docx  125 9375 5469 3125 1758 977 537 293 250 18750 10938 6250 3516 1953 1074 586 Data Rate 500 37500 21875 12500 7031 3906 2148 1171 bps bps bps bps bps bps bps Coding Rate = 1 Increasing the value of the Spreading Factor and/or reducing the bandwidth increases the range at the expense of reduced data rate and therefore increased transmission time. Reset module and retrieve all Power On Reset values  Restores all factory default settings LPRS Proprietary Encryption for P2P   Get Firmware Revision RAW Data Out Read on chip temperature Sensor Last Packet RSSI ER_CMD#T9 RSSI Value Other Special Commands ER_CMD#L40202 Enable RAW Data FM mode ER_CMD#L40205 Enable RAW Data AM mode ER_CMD#L40200 Disable RAW Data mode ER_CMD#a21 Enable LBT ER_CMD#a20 Disable LBT ER_CMD#L8 Group ID Setting Bandwidth kHz Received Signal Strength Indicator Each received packet delivered is preceded by the 8 bit RSSI value of the received packet Returns module firmware revision string E.g. eRA400TRS V3.6.23 Output on the CTS pin Example reply: -15.0'C or 23.7'C Returns the Hex value of the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) register measured on the last valid packet Return current live RSSI in HEX string Use FM/FSK modulation/demodulation at current frequency settings Use AM/ASK modulation/demodulation at current frequency settings Restore easyRadio mode. Pin 3 low during Power On Reset  Listen Before Talk Listen Before Talk Encryption Page 6 of 9 easyRadio Advanced eRA-LoRa Long Range Datasheet ER_CMD#L7 xxxx ER_CMD#L7 0000 ER_CMD#L7? Enable Group ID Disable Group ID Get Group ID value E.g. ER_CMD#L74578 sets the group ID as 0x4578 Returns the 4 byte Group ID number in Hex Channel Frequencies Each channel frequency is calculated relative to the Start Frequency of the channel, the Channel Number and the Channel Spacing/Band width. Three commands control the values of each of these parameters: ER_CMD#bn ER_CMD#Cn ER_CMD#Bn Where n is the Start Frequency in MHz of the Band Plan being used Where n is the integer Channel Number Where n is the Channel Spacing/Bandwidth in kHz b c s The centre frequency of each channel is calculated using the formula: Centre Frequency (f) = b + cs + 𝑠 2 Where Band plan Start Frequency Channel Number Channel Spacing/Bandwidth Example b=0 c=1 s = 500kHz f = 869.850MHz + 1 x 500kHz + 500kHz/2 = 870.600MHz eRA_LoRa_FCC_V1.22.docx Page 7 of 9 easyRadio Advanced eRA-LoRa Long Range Datasheet Application & Operation of eRA-LoRa Transceiver The diagram below shows a typical system block diagram comprising hosts (user’s application) connected to easyRadio transceivers. The hosts (A & B) will be monitoring (collecting data) and/or controlling (sending data) to some real world application. Serial Data Output Serial Data Input Host (A) Busy Serial Data Output RF Link Easy-Radio Transceiver (A) Easy-Radio Transceiver (B) Host Ready Serial Data Input Busy Host (B) Host Ready Typical System Block Diagram The hosts provide serial data input and output lines and two ‘handshaking’ lines that control the flow of data to and from the easyRadio Transceivers. The ‘Busy’ output line, when active, indicates that the transceiver is undertaking an internal task and is not ready to receive serial data. The ‘Host Ready’ input is used to indicate that the host is ready to receive the data held in the buffer of the easyRadio Transceiver. The host should check before sending data that the ‘Busy’ line is not high, as this would indicate that the transceiver is unable to reliably receive further data. It should also pull the ‘Host Ready’ line low and check that no data appears on the Serial Data Output line. The Busy output is active all the time regardless of handshaking setting. The host Ready is enabled by the handshaking setting command. Timing Specifications Units Notes Host Serial Input/Output Host Character Format 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 31250 (MIDI), 76800 & 115200 baud 1 Start, 8 Data, No Parity, 1 Stop Bits 1 2 End of Data Delay RF Transmit duration Buffer Size 2 x BAUD Byte Duration Depends on Bandwidth and data rate setting 180 3 4 5 mS mS Bytes Notes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Data is inverted i.e. Start Bit is logic low. The inputs are intended for direct connection to a microcontroller UART or to RS232 inputs and outputs via an RS232 Level translator such as a Maxim MAX232, which invert the logic of the RS232 signals. This allows direct connection to, for example a microcontroller UART. The data rate is user programmable (Default 19200 baud) and may differ between individual units within a system. 1 start, 8 data, 1 stop = 10 bits @ 104uS/bit = 0.52mS/character at 19200 Baud. (Default) The ‘End of Data’ delay is fixed at twice the character time. A fixed package overhead of xx is added to all packets. The buffer size is limited to 180 bytes. Sending more than 180 bytes will cause loss of data. CTS pin will go high 2 bytes before the buffer is full. This allows characters already sent to be accepted by the ER module. eRA_LoRa_FCC_V1.22.docx Page 8 of 9 easyRadio Advanced eRA-LoRa Long Range Datasheet Product Order Codes Name eRA-LoRa Description CE/FCC/IC Certified Radio Module Order Code ERA-LORA Please contact the sales office for availability of variants of the standard product. The software interface can be customised to specific requirements for high volume applications. easyRadio Advanced Firmware Versions Version Date Revision 3.6.2XXX January 2016 Initial Release Known Issues Document History Issue 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.22 Date February 2016 August 2016 December 2016 February 2017 Changes to this Document Copyright Disclaimer Terms and Conditions of Use Contact Information Revision Provisional datasheet Amendments for Approvals Minor additions New easyRadio Companion commands added This data sheet has been updated to reflect changes throughout the range of LPRS modules. Specific changes are recorded in the documentation history above. See: www.lprs.co.uk See: www.lprs.co.uk See: www.lprs.co.uk For further information or technical assistance please contact: Low Power Radio Solutions Ltd. Two Rivers Industrial Estate Station Lane, Witney Oxon, OX28 4BH England eRA_LoRa_FCC_V1.22.docx Tel: Fax: Web: Email: Technical: +44 (0)1993 709418 +44 (0)1993 708575 http://www.lprs.co.uk info@lprs.co.uk technical@lprs.co.uk Page 9 of 9