XL5615

XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 FEATURES • • • • • • • • • • DESCRIPTION 10-Bit CMOS Voltage Output DAC in an 8-Terminal Package 5V Single Supply Operation 3-Wire Serial Interface High-Impedance Reference Inputs Voltage Output Range: 2 Times the Reference Input Voltage Internal Power-On Reset Low Power Consumption: 1.75mW Max Update Rate of 1.21MHz Settling Time to 0.5LSB: 12.5µs Typ Monotonic Over Temperature The XD/XL5615 is a 10-bit voltage output digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with a buffered reference input (high impedance). The DAC has an output voltage range that is two times the reference voltage, and the DAC is monotonic. The device is simple to use, running from a single supply of 5V. A power-on-reset function is incorporated to ensure repeatable start-up conditions. Digital control of the XD/XL5615 is over a three-wire serial bus that is CMOS compatible and easily interfaced to industry standard microprocessor and microcontroller devices. The device receives a 16-bit data word to produce the analog output. The digital inputs feature Schmitt triggers for high noise immunity. Digital communication protocols include the SPI™, QSPI™, and Microwire™ standards. APPLICATIONS • • • • • The 8-terminal small-outline D package allows digital control of analog functions in space-critical applications. Battery-Powered Test Instruments Digital Offset and Gain Adjustment Battery Operated/Remote Industrial Controls Machine and Motion Control Devices Cellular Telephones DIN SCLK CS DOUT 1 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 VDD OUT REFIN AGND XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM _ + _ 2 DAC + REFIN OUT (Voltage Output) AGND R Power-ON Reset R 10-Bit DAC Register Control Logic CS 2 0s SCLK (LSB) (MSB) 10 Data Bits DIN 4 Dummy Bits DOUT 16-Bit Shift Register Terminal Functions TERMINAL NAME NO. I/O DESCRIPTION DIN 1 I Serial data input SCLK 2 I Serial clock input CS 3 I Chip select, active low DOUT 4 O Serial data output for daisy chaining AGND 5 REFIN 6 I Reference input OUT 7 O DAC analog voltage output VDD 8 Analog ground Positive power supply 2 XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1) UNIT Supply voltage (VDD to AGND) 7V Digital input voltage range to AGND –0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Reference input voltage range to AGND –0.3V to VDD + 0.3V Output voltage at OUT from external source VDD + 0.3V ±20mA Continuous current at any terminal Operating free-air temperature range, TA XD/XL5615 –40°C to +85°C Storage temperature range, Tstg –65°C to +150°C Lead temperature 1,6mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds (1) +260°C Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS MIN NOM MAX Supply voltage, VDD 4.5 5 5.5 High-level digital input voltage, VIH 2.4 2 Load resistance, RL 2 XD/XL5615 Operating free-air temperature, TA V V Low-level digital input voltage, VIL Reference voltage, Vref to REFIN terminal UNIT 2.048 0.8 V VDD–2 V kΩ 40 85 °C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VDD = 5V ± 5%, Vref = 2.048V (unless otherwise noted) STATIC DAC SPECIFICATIONS PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN Resolution EZS EG Integral nonlinearity, end point adjusted (INL) Vref = 2.048V, See (1) Differential nonlinearity (DNL) Vref = 2.048V, See (2) Zero-scale error (offset error at zero scale) Vref = 2.048V, See (3) Zero-scale-error temperature coefficient Vref = 2.048V, See (4) Gain error Vref = 2.048V, See (5) Gain-error temperature coefficient Vref = 2.048V, See (6) PSRR Power-supply rejection ratio Analog full scale output (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) TYP MAX UNIT ±1 LSB ±0.5 LSB 10 Zero scale Gain See bits ±0.1 ±3 3 ±3 1 80 (7) (8) LSB ppm/°C dB 80 RL = 100kΩ LSB ppm/°C 2Vref(1023/1024) V The relative accuracy or integral nonlinearity (INL), sometimes referred to as linearity error, is the maximum deviation of the output from the line between zero and full scale excluding the effects of zero code and full-scale errors (see text). Tested from code 3 to code 1024. The differential nonlinearity (DNL), sometimes referred to as differential error, is the difference between the measured and ideal 1LSB amplitude change of any two adjacent codes. Monotonic means the output voltage changes in the same direction (or remains constant) as a change in the digital input code. Tested from code 3 to code 1024. Zero-scale error is the deviation from zero-voltage output when the digital input code is zero (see text). Zero-scale-error temperature coefficient is given by: EZS TC = [EZS (Tmax) – EZS (Tmin)]/Vref × 106/(Tmax– Tmin). Gain error is the deviation from the ideal output (Vref – 1LSB) with an output load of 10kΩ excluding the effects of the zero-scale error. Gain temperature coefficient is given by: EG TC = [EG(Tmax) – EG (Tmin)]/Vref × 106/(Tmax– Tmin). Zero-scale-error rejection ratio (EZS-RR) is measured by varying the VDD from 4.5V to 5.5V dc and measuring the proportion of this signal imposed on the zero-code output voltage. Gain-error rejection ratio (EG-RR) is measured by varying the VDD from 4.5V to 5.5V dc and measuring the proportion of this signal imposed on the full-scale output voltage after subtracting the zero-scale change. 3 XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 VOLTAGE OUTPUT (OUT) PARAMETER VO TEST CONDITIONS Voltage output range RL= 10kΩ MIN TYP 0 Output load regulation accuracy VO(OUT) = 2V, IOSC Output short circuit current OUT to VDD or AGND VOL(low) Output voltage, low-level IO(OUT)≤ 5mA VOH(high) Output voltage, high-level IO(OUT)≤– 5mA MAX VDD–0.4 RL = 2kΩ 0.5 20 UNIT V LSB mA 0.25 4.75 V V REFERENCE INPUT (REFIN) VI Input voltage ri Input resistance Ci Input capacitance 0 VDD–2 V 10 MΩ 5 pF DIGITAL INPUTS (DIN, SCLK, CS) VIH High-level digital input voltage 2.4 V VIL Low-level digital input voltage 0.8 V IIH High-level digital input current VI = VDD ±1 µA IIL Low-level digital input current VI = 0 ±1 µA Ci Input capacitance 8 pF DIGITAL OUTPUT (DOUT) VOH Output voltage, high-level IO = –2mA VOL Output voltage, low-level IO = 2mA VDD–1 V 0.4 V 5 5.5 V POWER SUPPLY VDD Supply voltage IDD 4.5 Power supply current VDD = 5.5V, No load, All inputs = 0V or VDD Vref = 0 150 250 µA VDD= 5.5V, No load, All inputs = 0V or VDD Vref = 2.048V 230 350 µA ANALOG OUTPUT DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Vref = 1VPP at 1kHz + 2.048Vdc, code = 11 1111 1111 (1) Signal-to-noise + distortion, S/(N+D) (1) 60 dB The limiting frequency value at 1V DIGITAL INPUTbyTIMING REQUIREMENTS the output-amplifier slew rate. (See Figure 1) PP is determined PARAMETER MIN NOM MAX UNIT tsu(DS) Setup time, DIN before SCLK high 45 th(DH) Hold time, DIN valid after SCLK high ns 0 ns tsu(CSS) tsu(CS1) Setup time, CS low to SCLK high 1 ns Setup time, CS high to SCLK high 50 th(CSH0) Hold time, SCLK low to CS low ns 1 ns th(CSH1) Hold time, SCLK low to CS high tw(CS) Pulse duration, minimum chip select pulse width high 0 ns 20 tw(CL) Pulse duration, SCLK low 25 ns ns tw(CH) Pulse duration, SCLK high 25 ns OUTPUT SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER tpd(DOUT) Propagation delay time, DOUT TEST CONDITIONS CL = 50pF MIN NOM MAX 50 4 UNIT ns XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VDD = 5V ±5%, Vref = 2.048V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT 0.3 0.5 V/µs 12.5 µs ANALOG OUTPUT DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE SR Output slew rate CL = 100pF, TA= +25°C RL = 10kΩ, ts Output settling time To 0.5LSB, RL = 10kΩ, CL = 100pF, Glitch energy DIN = All 0s to all 1s (1) 5 nV-s REFERENCE INPUT (REFIN) (1) (2) Reference feedthrough REFIN = 1VPP at 1kHz + 2.048Vdc Reference input bandwidth (f–3dB) REFIN = 0.2VPP + 2.048Vdc (2) –80 dB 30 kHz Settling time is the time for the output signal to remain within ±0.5LSB of the final measured value for a digital input code change of 000 hex to 3FF hex or 3FF hex to 000 hex. Reference feedthrough is measured at the DAC output with an input code = 000 hex and a Vref input = 2.048Vdc + 1Vpp at 1kHz. PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION CS ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎ th(CSH0) tsu(CSS) tw(CS) tw(CH) tw(CL) SCLK See Note A tsu(DS) th(CSH1) See Note C th(DH) DIN tpd(DOUT) DOUT ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ Previous LSB MSB tsu(CS1) See Note A LSB See Note B NOTES: A. The input clock, applied at the SCLK terminal, should be inhibited low when CS is high to minimize clock feedthrough. B. Data input from preceeding conversion cycle. C. Sixteenth SCLK falling edge Figure 1. Timing Diagram 5 XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OUTPUT SINK CURRENT vs OUTPUT PULLDOWN VOLTAGE OUTPUT SOURCE CURRENT vs OUTPUT PULLUP VOLTAGE 30 20 IO - Output Sink Current - mA 16 VDD = 5 V VREFIN = 2.048 V TA = 25°C IO - Output Source Current - mA 18 14 12 10 8 6 4 VDD = 5 V VREFIN = 2.048 V TA = 25°C 25 20 15 10 5 2 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0 1 5 1.1 1.2 4.4 4.2 4 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 3 VO - Output Pullup Voltage - V VO - Output Pulldown Voltage - V Figure 2. Figure 3. SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE VREFIN TO V(OUT) RELATIVE GAIN vs INPUT FREQUENCY 280 4 VDD = 5 V VREFIN = 0.2 VPP + 2.048 V dc TA = 25°C 2 240 0 200 G - Relative Gain - dB I DD - Supply Current - µ A 4.8 4.6 160 120 80 -2 -4 -6 -8 - 10 40 VDD = 5 V VREFIN = 2.048 V TA = 25°C 0 - 60 - 40 - 20 - 12 0 20 40 60 80 t - Temperature - °C - 14 100 120 140 1 100 1k 10 k fI - Input Frequency - Hz Figure 4. Figure 5. 6 100 k XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) SIGNAL-TO-NOISE + DISTORTION vs INPUT FREQUENCY AT REFIN 70 VDD = 5 V TA = 25°C VREFIN = 4 VPP Signal-To-Noise + Distortion - dB 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1k 10 k 100 k 300 k Frequency - Hz Figure 6. Differential Nonlinearity – LSB 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 –0.05 –0.1 –0.15 –0.2 0 255 511 767 1023 Integral Nonlinearity – LSB Input Code Figure 7. Differential Nonlinearity With Input Code 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1 0 255 511 767 Input Code Figure 8. Integral Nonlinearity With Input Code 7 1023 XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 APPLICATION INFORMATION GENERAL FUNCTION TheXD/XL5615uses a resistor stringnetwork buffered with an op amp in a fixed gain of 2 to convert 10-bit digital data to analog voltage levels (see functional block diagram and Figure 9). The output of the XD/XL5615 is the same polarity as the reference input (see Table 1). An internal circuit resets the DAC register to all zeros on power up. DIN REFIN + _ SCLK CS Resistor String DAC DOUT + _ OUT R R AGND VDD 5V 0.1 µF Figure 9. XD/XL5615 Typical Operating Circuit Table 1. Binary Code Table (0V to 2VREFINOutput), Gain = 2 INPUT (1) 1111 1111 OUTPUT 1023 2 VREFIN 1024 ǒ 11(00) Ǔ : : 1000 0000 01(00) 513 2 VREFIN 1024 1000 0000 00(00) 512 2 VREFIN + V REFIN 1024 0111 1111 11(00) ǒ ǒ Ǔ Ǔ 511 ǒ 2 VREFIN 1024 : (1) Ǔ : 0000 0000 01(00) 1 2 VREFIN 1024 0000 0000 00(00) 0V ǒ Ǔ A 10-bit data word with two bits below the LSB bit (sub-LSB) with 0 values must be written since the DAC input latch is 12 bits wide. 8 XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 BUFFER AMPLIFIER The output buffer has a rail-to-rail output with short circuit protection and can drive a 2kΩ load with a 100pF load capacitance. Settling time is 12.5µs typical to within 0.5LSB of final value. EXTERNAL REFERENCE The reference voltage input is buffered, which makes the DAC input resistance not code dependent. Therefore, the REFIN input resistance is 10MΩ and the REFIN input capacitance is typically 5pF independent of input code. The reference voltage determines the DAC full-scale output. LOGIC INTERFACE The logic inputs function with either TTL or CMOS logic levels. However, using rail-to-rail CMOS logic achieves the lowest power dissipation. The power requirement increases by approximately 2 times when using TTL logic levels. SERIAL CLOCK AND UPDATE RATE Figure 1 shows the XD/XL5615 timing. The maximum serial clock rate is: f(SCLK)max + t wǒCHǓ 1 )t wǒCLǓ or approximately 14MHz. The digital update rate is limited by the chip-select period, which is: tp(CS) + 16 ǒ t wǒCHǓ )t Ǔ wǒCLǓ )t wǒCSǓ and is equal to 820ns which is a 1.21MHz update rate. However, the DAC settling time to 10 bits of 12.5µs limits the update rate to 80kHz for full-scale input step transitions. SERIAL INTERFACE When chip select (CS) is low, the input data is read into a 16-bit shift register with the input data clocked in most significant bit first. The rising edge of the SLCK input shifts the data into the input register. The rising edge of CS then transfers the data to the DAC register. When CS is high, input data cannot be clocked into the input register. All CS transitions should occur when the SCLK input is low. If the daisy chain (cascading) function (see daisy-chaining devices section) is not used, a 12-bit input data sequence with the MSB first can be used as shown in Figure 10: 12 Bits 10 Data Bits x MSB LSB x 2 Extra (Sub-LSB) Bits x = don’t care Figure 10. 12-Bit Input Data Sequence or 16 bits of data can be transferred as shown in Figure 11 with the 4 upper dummy bits first. 16 Bits 4 Upper Dummy Bits 10 Data Bits MSB x LSB x = don’t care Figure 11. 16-Bit Input Data Sequence 9 x 2 Extra (Sub-LSB) Bits XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 The data from DOUT requires 16 falling edges of the input clock and, therefore, requires an extra clock width. When daisy chaining multiple XD/XL5615 devices, the data requires 4 upper dummy bits because the data transferrequires 16 input-clock cycles plus one additional input-clock falling edge to clock out the data at the DOUTterminal (see Figure 1). The two extra (sub-LSB) bits are always required to provide hardware and software compatibility with 12-bit data converter transfers. The XD/XL5615 three-wire interface is compatible with the SPI, QSPI, and Microwire serial standards. Thehardware connections are shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13. The SPI and Microwire interfaces transfer data in 8-bit bytes; therefore, two write cycles are required to input data to the DAC. The QSPI interface, which has a variable input data length from 8 to 16 bits, can load the DAC input register in one write cycle. SK SCLK SO Microwire Port DIN XD/XL5615 I/O CS SI DOUT NOTE A: The DOUT-SI connection is not required for writing to the XD/XL5615 but may be used for verifying datatransfer if desired. Figure 12. Microwire Connection SCK SCLK MOSI DIN XD/XL5615 I/O CS DOUT SPI/QSPI Port MISO CPOL = 0, CPHA = 0 NOTE A: The DOUT-MISO connection is not required for writing to the XD/XL5615 but may be used for verifying data transfer. Figure 13. SPI/QSPI Connection DAISY-CHAINING DEVICES DACs can be daisy-chained by connecting the DOUT terminal of one device to the DIN of the next device in the chain, providing that the setup time, tsu(CSS) (CS low to SCLK high), is greater than the sum of the setup time, tsu(DS), plus the propagation delay time, tpd(DOUT), for proper timing (see digital input timing requirements section). The data at DIN appears at DOUT, delayed by 16 clock cycles plus one clock width. DOUT is a totem-poled output for low power. DOUT changes on the SCLK falling edge when CS is low. When CS is high, DOUT remains at the value of the last data bit and does not go into a high-impedance state. LINEARITY, OFFSET, AND GAIN ERROR USING SINGLE-ENDED SUPPLIES When an amplifier is operated from a single supply, the voltage offset can still be either positive or negative. With a positive offset, the output voltage changes on the first code change. With a negative offset the output voltage may not change with the first code depending on the magnitude of the offset voltage. 10 XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 The output amplifier attempts to drive the output to a negative voltage. However, because the most negative supply rail is ground, the output cannot drive below ground and clamps the output at 0V. The output voltage then remains at zero until the input code value produces a sufficient positive output voltage to overcome the negative offset voltage, resulting in the transfer function shown in Figure 14. Output Voltage 0V DAC Code Negative Offset Figure 14. Effect of Negative Offset (Single Supply) This offset error, not the linearity error, produces this breakpoint. The transfer function would have followed the dotted line if the output buffer could drive below the ground rail. For a DAC, linearity is measured between zero-input code (all inputs '0') and full-scale code (all inputs '1') after offset and full scale are adjusted out or accounted for in some way. However, single supply operation does not allow for adjustment when the offset is negative due to the breakpoint in the transfer function. So the linearity is measured between full-scale code and the lowest code that produces a positive output voltage. For the XD/XL5615, the zero-scale (offset) error is ±3LSB maximum. The code is calculated from the maximum specification for the negative offset. POWER-SUPPLY BYPASSING AND GROUND MANAGEMENT Printed circuit boards that use separate analog and digital ground planes offer the best system performance. Wire-wrap boards do not perform well and should not be used. The two ground planes should be connected together at the low-impedance power-supply source. The best ground connection may be achieved by connecting the DAC AGND terminal to the system analog ground plane making sure that analog ground currents are well managed and there are negligible voltage drops across the ground plane. A 0.1µF ceramic-capacitor bypass should be connected between VDD and AGND and mounted with short leads as close as possible to the device. Use of ferrite beads may further isolate the system analog supply from the digital power supply. Figure 15 shows the ground plane layout and bypassing technique. Analog Ground Plane 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 0.1 µF Figure 15. Power-Supply Bypassing SAVING POWER Setting the DAC register to all 0s minimizes power consumption by the reference resistor array and the output load when the system is not using the DAC. 11 XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 AC CONSIDERATIONS Digital Feedthrough Even with CS high, high-speed serial data at any of the digital input or output terminals may couple through the DAC package internal stray capacitance and appear at the DAC analog output as digital feedthrough. Digital feedthrough is tested by holding CS high and transmitting 0101010101 from DIN to DOUT. Analog Feedthrough Higher frequency analog input signals may couple to the output through internal stray capacitance. Analog feedthrough is tested by holding CS high, setting the DAC code to all 0s, sweeping the frequency applied to REFIN, and monitoring the DAC output. 12 XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 DIP封装图 0.400 (10,60) 0.355 (9,02) 8 5 0.260 (6,60) 0.240 (6,10) 1 4 0.070 (1,78) MAX 0.325 (8,26) 0.300 (7,62) 0.020 (0,51) MIN 0.015 (0,38) Gage Plane 0.200 (5,08) MAX Seating Plane 0.010 (0,25) NOM 0.125 (3,18) MIN 0.100 (2,54) 0.021 (0,53) 0.015 (0,38) 0.430 (10,92) MAX 0.010 (0,25) M NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters). B. This drawing is subject to change without notice. C. Falls within JEDEC MS-001 13 XL5615 SOP8,XD5615 DIP-8 SOP 封装图 14