EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
General Description
Benefits and Features
The MAX14808/MAX14809 octal three-level/quad fivelevel, high-voltage (HV) pulser devices generate highfrequency HV bipolar pulses (up to Q105V) from lowvoltage control logic inputs for driving piezoelectric
transducers in ultrasound systems. All eight channels
have embedded overvoltage-protection diodes and an
integrated active return-to-zero clamp. Both devices have
embedded independent (floating) power supplies (FPS)
and level shifters that allow signal transmission without
the need for external HV capacitors. The MAX14808 also
features eight integrated transmit/receive (T/R) switches.
The MAX14809 does not have the T/R switch function.
S Save Space (Optimized for High-Channel-Count
Systems/Portable Systems)
High Density
• 8 Channels (Three-Level Operation)
• 4 Channels (Five-Level Operation) in
One Package
Integrated Low-Power T/R Switches (MAX14808)
DirectDrive® Architecture Eliminates External
High-Voltage Capacitor
No External Floating Power Supply (FPS)
Required
The devices feature two modes of operation: an octal
three-level pulser mode (with integrated active returnto-zero clamp) or a quad five-level pulser mode. In octal
three-level pulser mode, each channel is controlled by
two logic inputs (DINN_ /DINP_) and the active return
to zero features half the current driving of the pulser 1A
(typ). In quad five-level pulser mode, each channel is
controlled by three logic inputs and the active return to
zero has the same current driving of the pulser 2A (typ).
The devices can operate both in clocked and transparent
mode. In clocked mode, data inputs can be synchronized
with a clean differential or single-ended clock to reduce
phase noise associated with FPGA output signals that are
detrimental for Doppler analysis. In transparent mode, the
synchronization feature is disabled and output reflects
the data input after a 18ns delay. Both devices feature
adjustable maximum current (0.5A to 2A) to reduce power
consumption when full current capability is not required.
The devices feature integrated grass-clipping diodes
(with low parasitic capacitance) for receive (Rx) and
transmit (Tx) isolations. Both devices feature a damping
circuit that can be activated as soon as the transmit burst
is over. The damping circuit has a typical on-resistance of
500I. It fully discharges the pulser’s output internal node
before the grass-clipping diodes.
The devices are available in a 68-pin (10mm x 10mm)
TQFN package with an exposed pad and are specified
over the -40NC to +85NC extended temperature range.
S High Performance (Designed to Enhance Image
Quality)
Excellent -43dBc (typ) THD for Second
Harmonic at 5MHz
Sync Function Eliminates Effects of FPGA Jitter
and Improves Performance in Doppler Mode
Low Propagation Delay 18ns (typ)
Strong Active Return to Zero
S Save Power
Low Quiescent Power Dissipation (5.7mW/
Channel in Octal Mode)
Programmable Current Capability
Shutdown Mode and Disable Transmit Mode
Applications
Ultrasound Medical Imaging
Industrial Flaw Detection
Piezoelectric Drivers
Test Equipment
Ordering Information and Functional Diagram appear at end
of data sheet.
DirectDrive is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
For related parts and recommended products to use with this part, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/MAX14808.related.
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct
at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maximintegrated.com.
19-6438; Rev 2; 1/14
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
THP Logic Output Voltage Range.........................-0.3V to +5.6V
VGPA, VGPB Output Voltage
Range........max[(VPP_ - 5.6V), (VEE + 0.6V)] to (VPP_ + 0.3V)
VGNA, VGNB Output Voltage
Range.......(VNN_ - 0.3V) to min[(VCC + 0.6V), (VNN_ + 5.6V)]
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
TQFN (derate 50mW/NC above +70°C).......................4000mW
Operating Temperature Range........................... -40°C to +85°C
Maximum Junction Temperature......................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range............................. -65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°C
Soldering Temperature (reflow).......................................+260°C
(All voltages referenced to GND.)
VDD Logic Supply Voltage Range........................-0.3V to +5.6V
VCC Positive Driver Supply Voltage Range..........-0.3V to +5.6V
VEE Negative Driver Supply Voltage Range.........-5.6V to +0.3V
VNNA, VNNB High Negative
Supply Voltage Range......................................-110V to +0.3V
VPPA, VPPB High Positive
Supply Voltage Range......................................-0.3V to +110V
OUT_ Output Voltage Range..................................VNN_ to VPP_
LVOUT_ Output Voltage Range
(100mA Maximum Current)...............................-1.2V to +1.2V
DINN_, DINP_, CC_, SYNC, LDO_EN...................-0.3V to +5.6V
CLK, CLK, MODE_ Voltage Range........... -0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
PACKAGE THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS (Note 1)
TQFN
Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (BJA).............20°C/W
Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (BJC)...................0.5°C/W
Note 1: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer
board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, 1µF bypass capacitor between
VGNA and VNNA, 1FF bypass capacitor between VGNB and VNNB, 1µF bypass capacitor between VGPA and VPPA, 1µF bypass
capacitor between VGPB and VPPB, VLDO_EN = 0V, no load, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
POWER SUPPLIES (VDD, VCC, VEE, VPP_, VNN_)
Logic Supply Voltage
VDD
+1.7
+3
+5.25
V
Positive Drive Supply Voltage
VCC
+4.9
+5
+5.1
V
Negative Drive Supply Voltage
VEE
-5.1
-5
-4.9
V
High-Side Supply Voltage
VPP_
0
+105
V
Low-Side Supply Voltage
VNN_
-105
0
V
External Low-Side LDO Voltage
VGN_ VNN_
LDO_EN = high
5
5.3
5.5
V
External High-Side LDO Voltage
VPP_ VGP_
LDO_EN = high
5
5.3
5.5
V
External Floating Power-Supply
Current from VGN_
IVGN_
LDO_EN = high (Note 3)
50
mA
External Floating Power-Supply
Current from VGP_
IVGP_
LDO_EN = high (Note 3)
85
mA
LOGIC INPUTS/OUTPUTS (DINN_, DINP_, MODE_, SYNC, CC_, LDO_EN)
Low-Level Input Threshold
VIL
High-Level Input Threshold
VIH
Logic Input Capacitance
CIN
Maxim Integrated
0.2 x VDD
0.8 x VDD
V
V
4
pF
2
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, 1µF bypass capacitor between
VGNA and VNNA, 1FF bypass capacitor between VGNB and VNNB, 1µF bypass capacitor between VGPA and VPPA, 1µF bypass
capacitor between VGPB and VPPB, VLDO_EN = 0V, no load, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
Logic Input Leakage
(All Inputs Except LDO_EN)
SYMBOL
IIN
LDO_EN Pulldown Resistance
RLDO_EN
THP Low-Level Output Voltage
VOL
Differential Clock Input Voltage
Range
VCLKD
CONDITIONS
VIN = 0V or VDD
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
-1
0
+1
FA
7
10
14
kI
Pullup resistor to VDD (RPULLUP = 1kI)
CLOCK INPUTS (CLK, CLK)—DIFFERENTIAL MODE
Common-Mode Voltage
Common-Mode Voltage Range
0.1 x VDD
0.2
VCLKCM
VCC/2
VCC/2
- 0.45
VCL
Input Resistance
RCLK,
RCLK
Input Capacitance
CCLK,
CCLK
2
V
VP-P
V
VCC/2
+ 0.45
V
Differential
7
kI
Common mode
23
kI
Capacitance to GND (each input)
4
pF
CLOCK INPUTS (CLK, CLK)—SINGLE-ENDED MODE (VCLK < 0.1V)
Low-Level Input
VIL
CLK
High-Level Input
VIH
CLK
Single-Ended Mode Selection
Threshold Low
VIL
CLK
Single-Ended Mode Selection
Threshold High
VIH
CLK
0.2 x VDD
0.8 x VDD
V
0.1
1
CCLK
Logic Input Leakage (CLK)
ICLK
VCLK = 0V or VDD
Pullup Current (CLK)
ICLK
VCLK = 0V
-1
V
V
4
Input Capacitance (CLK)
V
pF
0
+1
FA
120
180
FA
SUPPLY CURRENT—SHUTDOWN MODE (MODE0 = Low, MODE1 = Low)
VDD Supply Current
IDD
VCC Supply Current
3
FA
ICC
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
22
FA
VEE Supply Current
IEE
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
13
FA
VPP_ Supply Current
IPP_
10
FA
VNN_ Supply Current
INN_
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
10
FA
SUPPLY CURRENT—DISABLE MODE (MODE0 = High, MODE1 = High)
VDD Supply Current
Maxim Integrated
IDDQ
All inputs
connected to
GND or VDD
Transparent or singleended clock mode
1.7
Differential clock
mode, VCLKD = 0.2V
110
3
FA
190
3
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
((VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, 1µF bypass capacitor between
VGNA and VNNA, 1FF bypass capacitor between VGNB and VNNB, 1µF bypass capacitor between VGPA and VPPA, 1µF bypass
capacitor between VGPB and VPPB, VLDO_EN = 0V, no load, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
DINN_ = DINP_ = GND
VEE Supply Current
IEEQ
DINN_ = DINP_ =
VDD
MAX14808
MAX14809
ICCQ
DINN_ = DINP_ =
VDD
MAX
0.4
9.4
13
1.37
2
0.49
0.75
MAX14808
9.6
13.2
MAX14809
1.6
2.3
DINN_ = DINP_ = GND
VCC Supply Current
TYP
0.26
UNITS
mA
mA
VCC Supply Current Increase in
Clocked Mode
DICC
Differential clock mode
3.5
5
mA
VNN_ Total Supply Current
(Quiescent Mode)
INNQ_
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
195
305
FA
VPP_ Total Supply Current
(Quiescent Mode)
IPPQ_
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
220
340
FA
PPDIS1
T/R switch off, damp off (transparent
mode)
5.7
PPDIS2
DINN_ = DINP_ =
VDD
Total Power Dissipation per
Channel (Disable Mode)
MAX14808
17
MAX14809
7
mW
SUPPLY CURRENT—OCTAL THREE-LEVEL MODE, NO LOAD (MODE0 = High, MODE1 = Low)
VDD Supply Current (Quiescent
Mode)
VEE Supply Current (Quiescent
Mode)
IDD
All inputs connected
to GND or VDD
Transparent or
single-ended clock
mode
Differential clock
mode, VCLKD =
0.2V
DINN_ = DINP_ = GND
IEEQ
DINN_ = DINP_ =
VDD
MAX14808
MAX14809
1.7
3
FA
110
190
0.26
0.4
9.4
13
1.37
2
0.49
0.75
MAX14808
9.6
13.2
MAX14809
1.6
2.3
DINN_ = DINP_ = GND
mA
VCC Supply Current (Quiescent
Mode)
ICCQ
VCC Supply Current Increase in
Clocked Mode
DICC
Differential clock mode
3.5
5
mA
VNN_ Total Supply Current
(Quiescent Mode)
INNQ_
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
195
305
FA
VPP_ Total Supply Current
(Quiescent Mode)
IPPQ_
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
220
340
FA
Maxim Integrated
DINN_ = DINP_ =
VDD
mA
4
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, 1µF bypass capacitor between
VGNA and VNNA, 1FF bypass capacitor between VGNB and VNNB, 1µF bypass capacitor between VGPA and VPPA, 1µF bypass
capacitor between VGPB and VPPB, VLDO_EN = 0V, no load, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
Total Power Dissipation per
Channel (Quiescent Mode)
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
PPDIS1
T/R switch off, damp off (transparent
mode)
PPDIS2
DINN_ = DINP_ =
VDD (transparent
mode)
IDD1
VDD Supply Current
IDD2
MIN
TYP
MAX
5.7
MAX14808
17
MAX14809
7
mW
CW Doppler (Note 4), transparent or
single-ended clock mode
2.2
3.2
B mode (Note 5), transparent or
single-ended clock mode (Figure 1a)
(MAX14808)
3.3
6
10
20
IEE1
8 channels
switching, CW
Doppler (Note 4)
CC0 = high,
CC1 = high
67
92
MAX14808
9.7
14.8
IEE2
8 channels
switching, B mode
(Note 5) (Figure 1a),
CC0 = low,
CC1 = low
MAX14809
2
3
CC0 = high, CC1
= high
45
60
MAX14808
10
15
MAX14809
2.1
3.2
ICC1
8 channels
switching, CW
Doppler (Note 4)
ICC2
8 channels
switching, B mode
(Note 5) (Figure 1a),
CC0 = low,
CC1 = low
VCC Supply Current
mA
FA
B mode (Note 5), transparent or
single-ended clock mode (Figure 1a)
(MAX14809)
VEE Supply Current
UNITS
mA
mA
VDD Supply Current Increase in
Clocked Mode
DIDD
Differential clock mode
1.8
mA
VCC Supply Current Increase in
Clocked Mode
DICC
Differential clock mode
3.8
mA
INN1
8 channels switching, CW Doppler, CC0 =
high, CC1 = high, RL = 1kI, CL = 240pF
(Note 4)
157
INN2
8 channels switching, B mode (Figure 1a),
CC0 = low, CC1 = low, RL = 1kI, CL =
240pF (Note 5)
2
VNN_ Supply Current
Maxim Integrated
200
mA
2.8
5
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, 1µF bypass capacitor between
VGNA and VNNA, 1FF bypass capacitor between VGNB and VNNB, 1µF bypass capacitor between VGPA and VPPA, 1µF bypass
capacitor between VGPB and VPPB, VLDO_EN = 0V, no load, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
IPP1
TYP
MAX
8 channels switching, CW Doppler, CC0 =
high, CC1 = high, RL = 1kI, CL = 240pF
(Note 4)
186
230
IPP2
8 channels switching, B mode (Figure 1a),
CC0 = low, CC1 = low, RL = 1kI, CL =
240pF (Note 5)
3.1
PDCW
1 channel switching, CW Doppler (Note 4)
286
PDPW
1 channel switching,
B mode (Note 5)
(Figure 1a), CC0 =
low,
CC1 = low,
RL = 1kI,
CL = 240pF
VPP_ Supply Current
Power Dissipation per Channel
(Octal Three-Level Mode)
MIN
MAX14808
UNITS
mA
4.5
73
mW
MAX14809
69.5
SUPPLY CURRENT—QUAD FIVE-LEVEL DUAL MODE, NO LOAD (MODE0 = Low, MODE1 = High)
VDD Supply Current (Quiescent
Mode)
VEE Supply Current (Quiescent
Mode)
IDDQ
All inputs connected
to GND or VDD
Transparent or
single-ended clock
mode
Differential clock
mode, VCLKD =
0.2V
DINN_ = DINP_ = GND
IEEQ
DINN_ = DINP_ =
VDD
1.7
3
FA
110
190
0.26
0.4
MAX14808
5.4
7.7
MAX14809
1.35
2
0.49
0.75
MAX14808
5.6
7.8
MAX14809
1.6
2.3
DINN_ = DINP_ = GND
mA
VCC Supply Current (Quiescent
Mode)
ICCQ
VCC Supply Current Increase
DICC
Differential clock mode
3.5
5
mA
VNN_ Supply Current (Quiescent
Mode)
INNQ_
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
195
305
FA
VPP_ Supply Current (Quiescent
Mode)
IPPQ_
All inputs connected to GND or VDD
220
340
FA
PPDIS1
T/R switch off, DAMP off (transparent
mode)
11.3
PPDIS2
DINN_ = DINP_ =
VDD (transparent
mode)
Power Dissipation per Channel
(Quiescent Mode)
Maxim Integrated
DINN_ = DINP_ =
VDD
MAX14808
24.1
MAX14809
14.1
mA
mW
6
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, 1µF bypass capacitor between
VGNA and VNNA, 1FF bypass capacitor between VGNB and VNNB, 1µF bypass capacitor between VGPA and VPPA, 1µF bypass
capacitor between VGPB and VPPB, VLDO_EN = 0V, no load, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
IDD1
4 channels switching, CW Doppler
(Note 4)
1.4
mA
IDD2
4 channels switching, B mode (Note 5)
(Figure 1a)
4.3
FA
IEE1
4 channels
switching, CW
Doppler (Note 4)
CC0 = high,
CC1 = high
33
MAX14808
5.9
IEE2
4 channels
switching, B mode
(Note 5) (Figure 1a),
CC0 = low,
CC1 = low
MAX14809
1.9
CC0 = high,
CC1 = high
22
MAX14808
6
MAX14809
2
VDD Supply Current
VEE Supply Current
ICC1
4 channels
switching, CW
Doppler (Note 4)
ICC2
4 channels
switching, B mode
(Note 5) (Figure 1a),
CC0 = low,
CC1 = low
VCC Supply Current
mA
mA
VDD Supply Current Increase
DIDD
Differential clock mode
1.8
mA
VCC Supply Current Increase
DICC
Differential clock mode
3.8
mA
INN1
4 channels
switching, CW
Doppler (Note 4)
VNN_ Supply Current
INN2
4 channels switching, B mode (Note 5)
(Figure 1a), CC0 = low, CC1 = low
IPP1
4 channels
switching, CW
Doppler (Note 4)
VPP_ Supply Current
IPP2
Maxim Integrated
CC0 = high,
CC1 = high,
RL = 1kI,
CL = 240pF
CC0 = high,
CC1 = high,
RL = 1kI,
CL = 240pF
4 channels switching, B mode (Note 5)
(Figure 1a), CC0 = low, CC1 = low
90
mA
1.3
103
mA
2.2
7
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, 1µF bypass capacitor between
VGNA and VNNA, 1FF bypass capacitor between VGNB and VNNB, 1µF bypass capacitor between VGPA and VPPA, 1µF bypass
capacitor between VGPB and VPPB, VLDO_EN = 0V, no load, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
Total Power Dissipation per
Channel (Quad Five-Level Dual
Mode)
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
PDCW
1 channel switching, CW Doppler (Note
4), RL = 1kI, CL = 240pF
PDPW
1 channel switching,
B mode (Note 5)
(Figure 1a), CC0 =
low,
CC1 = low,
RL = 1kI,
CL = 240pF
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
311
MAX14808
102
MAX14809
94.5
mW
SUPPLY CURRENT—OCTAL THREE-LEVEL, NO LOAD (MODE0 = High, MODE1 = Low, LDO_EN = High, VPP_ - VGP_ =
+5V, VGN_ - VNN_ = +5V)
VEE Supply Current
(Quiescent Mode)
IEEQ_
All inputs connected to GND
25
46
FA
VCC Supply Current
(Quiescent Mode)
ICCQ_
All inputs connected to GND
280
420
FA
VNN_ Supply Current
(Quiescent Mode)
INNQ_
All inputs connected to GND
40
62
FA
VPP_ Supply Current
(Quiescent Mode)
IPPQ_
All inputs connected to GND
40
62
FA
OUTPUT STAGE
VNNA, VNNB Connected LowSide Output Impedance
VPPA, VPPB Connected HighSide Output Impedance
ROLS
ROHS
IOUT_ = -50mA
IOUT_ = +50mA
CC0 = low,
CC1 = low
8.5
CC0 = high,
CC1 = low
10
CC0 = low,
CC1 = high
13.5
CC0 = high,
CC1 = high
26
CC0 = low,
CC1 = low
9
CC0 = high,
CC1 = low
10.5
CC0 = low,
CC1 = high
14.5
CC0 = high,
CC1 = high
27
I
48
I
53
Clamp nFET Output Impedance
RONG
IOUT_ = -50mA,
13.5
I
Clamp pFET Output Impedance
ROPG
IOUT_ = +50mA
13.5
I
Active Damp Output Impedance
RDAMP
Before grass-clipping diode
500
I
Maxim Integrated
8
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, 1µF bypass capacitor between
VGNA and VNNA, 1FF bypass capacitor between VGNB and VNNB, 1µF bypass capacitor between VGPA and VPPA, 1µF bypass
capacitor between VGPB and VPPB, VLDO_EN = 0V, no load, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
VNNA, VNNB Connected LowSide Output Current
VPPA, VPPB Connected HighSide Output Current
SYMBOL
IOLS
IOHS
CONDITIONS
VDS = +100V
VDS = +100V
MIN
TYP
CC0 = low,
CC1 = low
2.0
CC0 = high,
CC1 = low
1.5
CC0 = low,
CC1 = high
1.0
CC0 = high,
CC1 = high
0.5
CC0 = low,
CC1 = low
2.0
CC0 = high,
CC1 = low
1.5
CC0 = low,
CC1 = high
1.0
CC0 = high,
CC1 = high
0.5
MAX
UNITS
A
A
GND-Connected nFET Output
Current
IONG
VDS = +100V
1
A
GND-Connected pFET Output
Current
IOPG
VDS = +100V
1
A
Diode Voltage Drop (Blocking
Diode and Grass-Clipping
Diode)
VDROP
1.7
V
LVOUT_Diode Clamping
Voltage
LVCLAMP
Grass-Clipping Diode Reverse
Capacitance
CREV
OUT_ Equivalent Large-Signal
Shunt Capacitance
CHS
T/R Switch On Impedance
IOUT_ = Q50mA
ILOAD = 1mA (MAX14808 only)
-0.9
+1
V
2.5
pF
200VP-P signal
80
pF
RON
MAX14808 only
11.5
I
T/R Switch Off Impedance
ROFF
MAX14808 only
LVOUT_ Output Offset
LVOFF
LVOUT_, OUT_ unconnected, VCC = +5V,
VEE = -5V
1
-40
MI
0
+40
mV
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
Thermal-Shutdown Threshold
tSDN
Thermal-Shutdown Hysteresis
tHYS
Maxim Integrated
Temperature rising
+145
NC
20
NC
9
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, VGNA connected to VNNA with
1µF capacitor, VGNB connected to VNNB with 1µF capacitor, VGPA connected to VPPA with 1µF capacitor, VGPB connected to VPPB
with 1µF capacitor, VLDO_EN = 0V, VCC0 = 0V, VCC1 = 0V, RL = 1kI, CL = 240pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at
TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Logic Input to Output Rise
Propagation Delay
tPLH
From 50% DINP_/DINN_ (transparent
mode) to 10% OUT_ transition swing
(Figure 2a)
18
ns
Logic Input to Output Fall
Propagation Delay
tPHL
From 50% DINP_/DINN_ (transparent
mode) to 10% OUT_ transition swing
(Figure 2a)
18
ns
Logic Input to Output Rise to
GND Propagation Delay
tPL0
From 50% DINP_/DINN_ (transparent
mode) to 10% OUT_ transition swing
(Figure 2a)
18
ns
Logic Input to Output Fall to
GND Propagation Delay
tPH0
From 50% DINP_/DINN_ (transparent
mode) to 10% OUT_ transition swing
(Figure 2a)
18
ns
OUT_ Fall Time (VPPA to VNNA,
VPPB to VNNB)
tFPN
Figure 2b
30
48
ns
OUT_ Rise Time (VNNA to VPPA,
VNNB to VPPB)
tRNP
Figure 2b
30
48
ns
OUT_ Rise Time (GND to VPPA,
GND to VPPB)
tR0P
Figure 2b
15
22.5
ns
OUT_ Fall Time (GND to VNNA,
GND to VNNB)
tF0N
Figure 2b
15
22.5
ns
OUT_ Rise Time (VNNA to GND,
VNNB to GND)
20% to 80%
transition
(Figure 2b)
Three-level mode
21
tRN0
Five-level dual
mode
13
OUT_ Fall Time (VPPA to GND,
VPPB to GND)
20% to 80%
transition
(Figure 2b)
Three-level mode
21
tFP0
Five-level dual
mode
13
ns
ns
T/R Switch Turn-On Time
tONTRSW
(MAX14808 only) Figure 3
0.65
1.2
Fs
T/R Switch Turn-Off Time
tOFFTRSW
(MAX14808 only) Figure 3 (Note 6)
0.02
0.1
Fs
Output Enable Time (Shutdown
Mode to Normal Operation)
tEN1
100
Fs
Output Disable Time (Normal
Operation to Shutdown Mode)
tDIS1
10
Fs
Maxim Integrated
10
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, VGNA connected to VNNA with
1µF capacitor, VGNB connected to VNNB with 1µF capacitor, VGPA connected to VPPA with 1µF capacitor, VGPB connected to VPPB
with 1µF capacitor, VLDO_EN = 0V, VCC0 = 0V, VCC1 = 0V, RL = 1kI, CL = 240pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at
TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Output Enable Time (Transmit
Disable Mode to Normal
Operation)
tEN2
50
ns
Output Disable Time (Normal
Operation to Transmit Disable
Mode)
tDIS2
65
ns
Output Enable Time (Normal
Operation to Sync Mode)
tEN3
4
Fs
Output Disable Time (Sync
Mode to Normal Operation)
tDIS3
500
ns
CLK Frequency
fCLK
VDD = 2.5V
200
MHz
Input Setup Time (DINN_,
DINP_)
tSETUP
VDD = 2.5V
2
NS
Input Hold Time (DINN_, DINP_)
tHOLD
VDD = 2.5V
0.5
ns
Second-Harmonic Distortion
(Low Voltage)
THD2LV
fOUT_ = 5MHz, VPPA = -VNNA = +5V,
VPPB = -VNNB = +5V, square wave
(all modes)
-40
dBc
Second-Harmonic Distortion
(High Voltage)
THD2HV
fOUT_ = 5MHz, VPPA = -VNNA = +100V,
VPPB = -VNNB = +100V, square wave
(all modes)
-43
dBc
PC1
fOUT_ = 5MHz, VPPA = -VNNA = +100V,
VPPB = -VNNB = +100V, 2 periods, all
harmonics of the summed signed with
respect to the carrier
-40
PC2
fOUT_ = 5MHz, VPPA = -VNNA = +100V,
VPPB = -VNNB = +100V, 2 periods,
[(V0 + V180)RMS/(2 x V0RMS)]dB
-40
Pulser Bandwidth
BW
VPP = +60V, VNNA = -60V (Figure 4)
20
MHz
RMS Output Jitter
tJ
6.25
ps
Pulse Cancellation
Maxim Integrated
fOUT_ = 5MHz, VPPA = -VNNA = +5V,
VPPB = -VNNB = +5V, both in clocked
mode or transparent mode (Figure 5)
dBc
11
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VDD = +3V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPPA = +100V, VNNA = -100V, VPPB = +100V, VNNB = -100V, VGNA connected to VNNA with
1µF capacitor, VGNB connected to VNNB with 1FF capacitor, VGPA connected to VPPA with 1µF capacitor, VGPB connected to VPPB
with 1µF capacitor, VLDO_EN = 0V, VCC0 = 0V, VCC1 = 0V, RL = 1kI, CL = 240pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at
TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
T/R Switch Harmonic Distortion
(MAX14808)
THDTRSW
T/R Switch Turn-On/Off Voltage
Spike (MAX14808)
Crosstalk
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
RLOAD = 200I, VSIGNAL = 100mVP-P
-50
dB
VSPIKE
RLOAD = 1kI at both sides of T/R switch
50
mV
CT
f = 5MHz, adjacent channels, RLOUT_ =
200I
-51
dB
Note 2: All devices are 100% production tested at TA = +85NC. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by design.
Note 3: Maximum operating current from VGN_ and VGP_ external power sources can vary depending on application requirements. The
suggested minimum values assume 8 channels running in continuous transmission (CWD) at 5MHz with CC0 = CC1 = high.
Note 4: CW Doppler: continuous wave, f = 5MHz, VDD = +3V, VCC = -VEE = +5V, VPP_ = -VNN_ = +5V.
Note 5: B mode: f = 5MHz, PRF = 5kHz, 1 period, VDD = +3V, VCC = -VEE = +5V, VPP_ = -VNN_ = +100V.
Note 6: T/R switch turn-off time is the time required to switch off the bias current of the T/R switch. The off-isolation is not guaranteed.
Timing Diagrams
VPPA = VPPB
VNNA = VNNB
200ns
200µs
Figure 1a. High-Voltage Burst Test (Three Levels)
Maxim Integrated
12
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Timing Diagrams (continued)
VPPA
VPPB
VNNB
VNNA
200ns
200ns
200ns
200µs
Figure 1b. High-Voltage Burst Test (Five Levels)
VPP_
10%
10%
OUT_
GND
10%
10%
VNN_
tPH0
VDD
DINP_
50%
50%
50%
GND
tPLH
tPHL
tPL0
DINN_
VDD
50%
GND
Figure 2a. Propagation Delay Timing
Maxim Integrated
13
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Timing Diagrams (continued)
80%
80%
80%
VPP_
80%
OUT_
tRNO
tFON
20%
20%
20%
tROP
20%
GND
tFPO
80%
80%
80%
tRNP
80%
VNN_
tFPN
Figure 2b. Output Rise/Fall Timing
DINP_
VDD
LVOUT_
RL = 1kI
VRIF
MAX14808
DINN_
OUT_
RL = 1kI
VDD
DINP_
0V
VRIF /(2 x RL + RON) x (RON + RL)
LVOUT_
~0V
VRIF /(2 x RL + RON) x RL
OUT_
~VNN_
tONTRSW
tOFFTRSW
Figure 3. T/R Switch Turn-On/Off Time
Maxim Integrated
14
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Timing Diagrams (continued)
VDD
DINP_
GND
VDD
DINN_
GND
VPPA / VPPB
90% VPPA /VPPB
GND
90% VNNA /VNNB
VNNA / VNNB
Figure 4. Bandwidth
Maxim Integrated
15
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Timing Diagrams (continued)
VDD
DINP_
50%
50%
50%
50%
GND
VDD
DINN_
GND
tJR = DtDR
tJF = DtDF
tDF
tDR
VPPA /VPPB
OUT_
VNNA /VNNB
Figure 5. Jitter Timing
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VDD = +5V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPP_ = +100V, VNN_ = -100V, RL = 1kI, CL = 240pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
-50
250
200
INN_ (µA)
150
IPP_ (µA)
-100
200
-150
50
VPP_ = -VNN_
THREE-LEVEL MODE
0
0
20
40
60
VPP_ (V)
Maxim Integrated
80
100
150
100
-200
100
MAX14808 toc03
250
300
MAX14808 toc02
0
MAX14808 toc01
300
IPP_ (µA)
IPP_ QUIESCENT CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
INN_ QUIESCENT CURRENT vs. VNN_
IPP_ QUIESCENT CURRENT vs. VPP_
-250
50
VPP_ = -VNN_
THREE-LEVEL MODE
-300
-100
-80
-60
-40
VNN_ (V)
-20
THREE-LEVEL MODE
0
0
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
16
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = +5V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPP_ = +100V, VNN_ = -100V, RL = 1kI, CL = 240pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
ICC QUIESCENT CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
INN_ QUIESCENT CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
-50
0.7
0.6
ICC (mA)
-100
INN_ (µA)
MAX14808 toc05
0.8
MAX14808 toc04
0
-150
0.5
0.4
0.3
-200
0.2
-250
0.1
THREE-LEVEL MODE
-300
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
-40
-15
10
35
60
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
IEE QUIESCENT CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
LOW TO HIGH TRANSITION
VOLTAGE SPIKE
85
MAX14808 toc07
MAX14808 toc06
0
-50
LVOUT_ 1kI
TO GND
-100
IEE (µA)
THREE-LEVEL MODE
0
OUT_
50V/div
0V
-150
-200
LVOUT_
1V/div
-250
THREE-LEVEL MODE
-300
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
1µs/div
TEMPERATURE (°C)
MAX14808 toc08
LVOUT_ 1kI
TO GND
-10
OUT_
50V/div
-20
LVOUT_
1V/div
THD2 (dBc)
0V
0
VPP_ = -VNN_ = 100V
MAX14808 toc09
THD2 vs. FREQUENCY
HIGH TO LOW TRANSITION SPIKE
-30
-40
-50
-60
1µs/div
0
2
4
6
8
10
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Maxim Integrated
17
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = +5V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPP_ = +100V, VNN_ = -100V, RL = 1kI, CL = 240pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
THD2 vs. VPP_
PULSE CANCELLATION
MAX14808 toc11
VPP_ = -VNN_
f = 5MHz
-10
MAX14808 toc10
0
OUT_ WAVE 1
50V/div
OUT_ WAVE 2
50V/div
0V
THD2 (dBc)
-20
-30
-40
SUM OF
WAVE 1 AND 2
3V/div
-50
-60
0
20
40
60
80
100
80ns/div
VPP_ (V)
MAX14808 toc12
500
400
350
IPP_ (mA)
0V
OUT_WAVE 1
20dB/div
SUM OF
WAVE 1 AND 2
20dB/div
80ns/div
VPP_ = -VNN_ = 5V
CC0 = CC1 = HIGH
4 CHANNELS
SWITCHING
450
OUT_ WAVE 1
50V/div
OUT_ WAVE 2
50V/div
MAX14808 toc13
IPP_ vs. FREQUENCY
PULSE CANCELLATION FFT
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Maxim Integrated
18
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = +5V, VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VPP_ = +100V, VNN_ = -100V, RL = 1kI, CL = 240pF, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
ICC vs. FREQUENCY
MAX14808 toc14
50
80
200
60
ICC (mA)
70
250
300
350
450
500
0
2
4
6
8
50
40
30
VPP_ = -VNN_ = 5V
CC0 = CC1 = HIGH
4 CHANNELS
SWITCHING
400
VPP_ = -VNN_ = 5V
CC0 = CC1 = HIGH
4 CHANNELS
SWITCHING
90
150
20
10
0
10
0
2
4
6
8
FREQUENCY (MHz)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
IEE vs. FREQUENCY
OUTPUT JITTER
0
-10
-20
-30
10
MAX14808 toc17
VPP_ = -VNN_ = 5V
CC0 = CC1 = HIGH
4 CHANNELS
SWITCHING
MAX14808 toc16
INN_ (mA)
100
IEE (mA)
100
MAX14808 toc15
INN_ vs. FREQUENCY
0
f = 5MHz
VPP_ = 5V
IN
OUT
-40
-50
-60
PROPAGATION
DELAY JITTER
STD = 6.24ps
-70
-80
20/div
-90
-100
0
2
4
6
8
10
10ps/div
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Maxim Integrated
19
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Pin Configurations
OUT8
VPPB
OUT7
VNNB
OUT6
OUT5
VPPB
VNNB
GND
VNNA
OUT4
VPPA
OUT3
VNNA
OUT2
VPPA
OUT1
TOP VIEW
51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35
VNNA 52
34 VNNB
GND 53
33 GND
VPPA 54
32 VPPB
VGPA 55
31 VGPB
VGNA 56
30 VGNB
VEE 57
29 VEE
VCC 58
28 VCC
DINN4 59
27 DINN8
DINP4 60
26 DINP8
MAX14808
DINN3 61
25 DINN7
DINP3 62
24 DINP7
DINN2 63
23 DINN6
DINP2 64
22 DINP6
DINN1 65
21 DINN5
DINP1 66
20 DINP5
VDD 67
*EP
+
19 VDD
GND 68
LVOUT8
LVOUT7
THP
LVOUT6
LDO_EN
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
MODE1
LVOUT4
9
LVOUT5
LVOUT3
8
MODE0
LVOUT2
7
CC1
6
CC0
5
CLK
4
CLK
3
SYNC
2
LVOUT1
18 GND
1
TQFN
(10mm x 10mm x 0.75mm)
*CONNECT EP TO GND
Maxim Integrated
20
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Pin Configurations (continued)
OUT8
VPPB
OUT7
VNNB
OUT6
VPPB
OUT5
VNNB
GND
VNNA
OUT4
VPPA
OUT3
VNNA
OUT2
VPPA
OUT1
TOP VIEW
51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35
VNNA 52
34 VNNB
GND 53
33 GND
VPPA 54
32 VPPB
VGPA 55
31 VGPB
VGNA 56
30 VGNB
VEE 57
29 VEE
VCC 58
28 VCC
DINN4 59
27 DINN8
DINP4 60
26 DINP8
MAX14809
DINN3 61
25 DINN7
DINP3 62
24 DINP7
DINN2 63
23 DINN6
DINP2 64
22 DINP6
DINN1 65
21 DINN5
DINP1 66
20 DINP5
VDD 67
*EP
+
19 VDD
GND 68
I.C.
I.C.
I.C.
I.C.
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
MODE1
LDO_EN
9
MODE0
I.C.
8
CC1
I.C.
7
CC0
I.C.
6
CLK
5
CLK
4
THP
3
SYNC
2
I.C.
18 GND
1
TQFN
(10mm x 10mm x 0.75mm)
*CONNECT EP TO GND
Maxim Integrated
21
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Pin Description
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
MAX14808
MAX14809
1
—
LVOUT1
Low-Voltage T/R Switch Output 1
2
—
LVOUT2
Low-Voltage T/R Switch Output 2
3
—
LVOUT3
Low-Voltage T/R Switch Output 3
4
—
LVOUT4
Low-Voltage T/R Switch Output 4
—
1–4, 14–17
I.C.
5
5
LDO_EN
6
6
THP
7
7
SYNC
8
8
CLK
CMOS Control Input. Clock positive phase input. Data inputs are clocked in at the
rising edge of CLK and CLK in differential clocked mode or at the rising edge of CLK
in single-ended clocked mode. Clock maximum frequency is 160MHz.
Internally Connected. Connect I.C. to GND externally.
Internal Supply Generator Control Input. Drive LDO_EN high to disable the internal
power supply when using an external power supply on VGPA, VGPB, VGNA, and
VGNB. LDO_EN has an internal 10kI pulldown resistor to GND.
Open-Drain Thermal-Protection Output. THP asserts and sinks a 3mA current to GND
when the junction temperature exceeds +150NC.
CMOS Control Input. Drive SYNC high to enable clocked-input mode. Drive SYNC
low to operate in transparent mode (see the Truth Tables section).
9
9
CLK
CMOS Control Input. Clock negative phase input. Data inputs are clocked in at the
edge of CLK and CLK in differential clocked mode. Clock maximum frequency is
160MHz. If CLK is connected to GND, the CLK input is a single-ended logic-level
clock input. Otherwise, CLK and CLK are self-biased differential clock inputs.
10
10
CC0
Current Control Input. Control current capability (see the Truth Tables section).
11
11
CC1
Current Control Input. Control current capability (see the Truth Tables section).
12
12
MODE0
Mode Control Input. Control operation mode (see the Truth Tables section).
13
13
MODE1
Mode Control Input. Control operation mode (see the Truth Tables section).
14
—
LVOUT5
Low-Voltage T/R Switch Output 5
15
—
LVOUT6
Low-Voltage T/R Switch Output 6
16
—
LVOUT7
Low-Voltage T/R Switch Output 7
17
—
LVOUT8
Low-Voltage T/R Switch Output 8
18, 33, 43,
53, 68
18, 33, 43,
53, 68
GND
Ground
19, 67
19, 67
VDD
Logic Supply Voltage. Bypass VDD (both pins) to GND with a 0.1FF capacitor as
close as possible to the device.
20
20
DINP5
21
21
DINN5
Digital Signal Negative Input 5 (see the Truth Tables section)
22
22
DINP6
Digital Signal Positive Input 6 (see the Truth Tables section)
23
23
DINN6
Digital Signal Negative Input 6 (see the Truth Tables section)
24
24
DINP7
Digital Signal Positive Input 7 (see the Truth Tables section)
25
25
DINN7
Digital Signal Negative Input 7 (see the Truth Tables section)
26
26
DINP8
Digital Signal Positive Input 8 (see the Truth Tables section)
27
27
DINN8
Digital Signal Negative Input 8 (see the Truth Tables section)
Maxim Integrated
Digital Signal Positive Input 5 (see the Truth Tables section)
22
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Pin Description (continued)
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
28, 58
VCC
VCC Supply Voltage. Bypass VCC (both pins) to GND with a 0.1FF capacitor as close
as possible to the device.
29, 57
29, 57
VEE
VEE Supply Voltage. Bypass VEE (both pins) to GND with a 0.1FF capacitor as close
as possible to the device.
30
30
VGNB
Driver Voltage Supply Output. Connect a 1FF capacitor to VNNB as close as possible
to the device.
31
31
VGPB
Driver Voltage Supply Output. Connect a 1FF capacitor to VPPB as close as possible
to the device.
32, 36, 40
32, 36, 40
VPPB
High-Voltage Positive Supply Input. Bypass VPPB to GND with a 0.1FF capacitor as
close as possible to the device.
34, 38, 42
34, 38, 42
VNNB
High-Voltage Negative Supply Input. Bypass VNNB to GND with a 0.1FF capacitor as
close as possible to the device.
35
35
OUT8
Pulser Output 8
37
37
OUT7
Pulser Output 7
39
39
OUT6
Pulser Output 6
41
41
OUT5
Pulser Output 5
MAX14808
MAX14809
28, 58
44, 48, 52
44, 48, 52
VNNA
High-Voltage Negative Supply Input. Bypass VNNA to GND with a 0.1FF capacitor as
close as possible to the device.
45
45
OUT4
Pulser Output 4
46, 50, 54
46, 50, 54
VPPA
High-Voltage Positive Supply Input. Bypass VPPA to GND with a 0.1FF capacitor as
close as possible to the device.
47
47
OUT3
Pulser Output 3
49
49
OUT2
Pulser Output 2
51
51
OUT1
Pulser Output 1
55
55
VGPA
Driver Voltage Supply Output. Connect a 1FF capacitor to VPPA as close as possible
to the device.
56
56
VGNA
Driver Voltage Supply Output. Connect a 1FF capacitor to VNNA as close as possible
to the device.
59
59
DINN4
Digital Signal Negative Input 4 (see the Truth Tables section)
60
60
DINP4
Digital Signal Positive Input 4 (see the Truth Tables section)
61
61
DINN3
Digital Signal Negative Input 3 (see the Truth Tables section)
62
62
DINP3
Digital Signal Positive Input 3 (see the Truth Tables section)
63
63
DINN2
Digital Signal Negative Input 2 (see the Truth Tables section)
64
64
DINP2
Digital Signal Positive Input 2 (see the Truth Tables section)
65
65
DINN1
Digital Signal Negative Input 1 (see the Truth Tables section)
66
66
DINP1
Digital Signal Positive Input 1 (see the Truth Tables section)
—
—
EP
Maxim Integrated
Exposed Pad. Connect EP to GND. Not intended as an electrical connection point.
23
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Detailed Description
The MAX14808/MAX14809 octal three-level/quad fivelevel, high-voltage (HV) pulser devices generate highfrequency, HV bipolar pulses (up to Q105V) from lowvoltage control logic inputs for driving piezoelectric
transducers in ultrasound systems. All 8 channels have
embedded overvoltage-protection diodes and integrated
active return-to-zero clamp. Both devices have embedded independent (floating) power supplies (FPSs) and
level shifters that allow signal transmission without the
need for external HV capacitors. The MAX14808 also
features eight integrated transmit receive (T/R) switches.
The MAX14809 does not have the T/R switch function.
The devices feature two modes of operation, an octal
three-level pulser mode (with integrated active returnto-zero clamp) or a quad five-level pulser mode. In octal
three-level pulser mode, each channel is controlled by
two logic inputs (DINN_ /DINP_) and the active return to
zero features half the current driving of the pulser, 1A
(typ). In quad five-level pulser mode, each channel is
controlled by three logic inputs and the active return to
zero has the same current driving of the pulser, 2A (typ).
The devices can operate both in clocked and transparent
mode. In clocked mode, data inputs can be synchronized with a clean differential or single-ended clock to
reduce phase noise associated with FPGA output signals
that are detrimental for Doppler analysis. In transparent
mode, the synchronization feature is disabled and output
reflects the data input after an 18ns delay. Both devices
feature adjustable maximum current (0.5A to 2A) to
reduce power consumption when full current capability
is not required.
The devices feature integrated grass-clipping diodes
(with low parasitic capacitance) for receive (Rx) and
transmit (Tx) isolations. Both devices feature a damping
circuit that can be activated as soon as the transmit burst
is over. The damping circuit has a typical on-resistance
of 500I. It fully discharges the pulser’s output internal
node before the grass-clipping diodes.
Operation Mode
The devices have four operation modes: shutdown, octal
three-level, quad five-level dual, and transmit disable.
Use the MODE0 and MODE1 inputs to select the operation mode.
Shutdown Mode
All channels are disabled, no transmission and reception
is possible. This mode has the lowest power consumption.
See Table 1.
Octal Three-Level Mode
The devices operate in eight independent channels. Each
channel can generate a three-level pulse. The high-side
and low-side FET of each channel are capable of providing 2.0A current, while the clamp is capable of 1A current.
See Table 2.
Quad Five-Level Dual Mode
The devices operate in four independent channels. Each
channel can generate a five-level pulse. The devices
feature independent dual-voltage supplies (VNNA, VNNB,
VPPA, and VPPB) and can generate pulses among GND,
VPPA, and VNNA or among GND, VPPB, and VNNB. The
high-side and low-side FET as well as the clamp of each
channel can provide 2.0A current. See Table 3.
Transmit Disable Mode
All eight high-voltage transmit channels are disabled, no
pulse transmission is possible. The T/R switch (MAX14808
only) can be turn-on (to receive low-voltage signals) or
turn-off (for isolation). See Table 4.
Truth Tables
Table 1. Shutdown Mode (MODE0 = Low, MODE1 = Low)
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
DINN_
DINP_
OUT_
LVOUT_ (MAX14808 ONLY)
X
X
High impedance
High impedance (T/R switch off)
X = Don’t care
Maxim Integrated
24
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Truth Tables (continued)
Table 2. Octal Three-Level Mode (MODE0 = High, MODE1 = Low, VNNA = VNNB, VPPA = VPPB)
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
DINN_
DINP_
OUT_
LVOUT_ (MAX14808 ONLY)
0
0
Clamp on (damp off)
T/R switch off (LVOUT_ = GND)
1
0
VNNA/VNNB (damp off)
T/R switch off (LVOUT_ = GND)
0
1
VPPA/VPPB (damp off)
T/R switch off (LVOUT_ = GND)
1
1
Clamp on (damp on)
T/R switch on
0 = logic-low, 1 = logic-high
Table 3. Quad Five-Level Dual Mode (MODE0 = Low, MODE1 = High)
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
DINNx
x = 1, 2, 3, 4
DINPx
x = 1, 2, 3, 4
DINNy
y = 5, 6, 7, 8
DINPy
y = 5, 6, 7, 8
OUTx = OUTy
LVOUTy
y = 1, 2, 3, 4
(MAX14808 ONLY)
LVOUTy
y = 5, 6, 7, 8
(MAX14808 ONLY)
0
0
X
0
High impedance
(damp off)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
0
0
X
1
Clamp on
(damp off)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
0
1
0
X
VPPB
(damp off)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
1
0
0
X
VNNB
(damp off)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
0
1
1
X
VPPA
(damp off)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
1
0
1
X
VNNA
(damp off)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
T/R switch off
(LVOUT_ = GND)
1
1
1
X
Clamp on (damp on)
T/R switch on
T/R switch off
Note: Only three control inputs (DINNx, DINPx, DINNy) are required for five-level, dual-mode operation. DINPy can be connected
to GND or VDD.
X = Don’t care, 0 = logic-low, 1 = logic-high
Table 4. Transmit Disable Mode (MODE0 = High, MODE1 = High)
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
DINN_
DINP_
OUT_
LVOUT_ (MAX14808 ONLY)
0
0
High impedance (damp off)
T/R switch off (LVOUT_ = GND)
1
0
High impedance (damp off)
T/R switch off (LVOUT_ = GND)
0
1
High impedance (damp off)
T/R switch off (LVOUT_ = GND)
1
1
High impedance (damp on)
T/R switch on
0 = logic-low, 1 = logic-high
Maxim Integrated
25
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Current Capability Selection
The devices feature pulser current drive capability selection. Two control inputs (CC0, CC1) control the current
drive capability (Table 5).
Sync Function
The devices provide the ability to resynchronize all
the data inputs by means of a clean clock signal. In
ultrasound systems, the FPGA output signals are often
affected by a high jitter. The jitter induces phase noise
that is detrimental in Doppler analysis. The input clock
Table 5. Current Drive Selection
INPUTS
CC0
CC1
PULSER OUTPUT
CURRENT (typ)
0
0
2A
1
0
1.5A
0
1
1A
1
1
0.5A
VCC
40kI
can be either a differential signal or a single-ended signal
running up to 160MHz. Data are clocked in on the rising
edge of the CLK input (falling edge of CLK). Connect
CLK to GND for single-ended operation. The sync feature
can be enabled or disabled by the SYNC control input.
Drive the SYNC input low to disable the synchronization function (no external clock signal). Drive the SYNC
input high to enable the synchronization function (with an
external clock signal). Figure 6 shows the simplified CLK
and CLK inputs schematic.
T/R Switches (MAX14808 Only)
Each channel features a low-power T/R switch. The T/R
switch recovery time after the transmission is less than
1.2Fs. The T/R switches are controlled by the same pulser
digital inputs (see the Truth Tables section). No dedicated
input signals are required to activate/deactivate the T/R
switches. The integrated T/R switches do not require
any special timings and can operate synchronously with
the digital pulser. To minimize the leakage current during transmission, it’s recommended to switch off the T/R
switches 3Fs before the beginning of the transmit burst.
VCC
CLK
2.5kI
VDD
40kI
DIFFERENTIAL TO
SINGLE-ENDED
CONVERSION
2.5kI
CLK
SINGLE-ENDED
CLOCK
2:1
MUX
VCC
SELECT
REFERENCE VOLTAGE
Figure 6. Simplified CLK and CLK Inputs Schematic
Maxim Integrated
26
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Grass-Clipping Diodes
A pair of diodes in antiparallel configuration (referred to
as grass-clipping diodes) is presented at each pulser’s
output. The diodes’ reverse capacitance is extremely
low, allowing a perfect isolation between the receive path
and the actual pulser’s output stage.
Active Damp Circuit
An active damp circuit is integrated between the internal
pulser output node (before grass-clipping diodes) and
GND. The purpose of this circuit is to fully discharge the
pulser output internal node so that the node is not left in
high-impedance condition as soon as the transmit burst
is over. This results in two main advantages:
1) The grass-clipping isolation is more effective.
2) Suppression of any low-frequency oscillation of a
node that could be detrimental for Doppler mode
performances.
Independent (Floating)
Power-Supply Enable (LDO_EN)
The devices feature the LDO_EN control input to enable/
disable the internal FPSs. This allows the usage of external
high-efficiency power supplies to save system power. This
option must be considered only for special applications
requiring extremely low power dissipation. The low power
dissipation of the embedded FPSs already meets power
requirements in most of the cases. Drive LDO_EN low
or leave unconnected to enable the internal FPSs; drive
LDO_EN high to disable the internal FPSs.
Power Sequencing
When using the embedded FPSs (LDO_EN = low),
the devices do not require any power-up/power-down
sequence. When external FPSs are used (LDO_EN =
high), the conditions VGP_ > (VEE - 0.6V) and VGN_ <
(VCC + 0.6V) must be satisfied during the entire powerup/power-down transients (see the electrical characteristics tables).
Applications Information
Exposed Pad and Layout Concerns
The devices provide an exposed pad (EP) underneath
the TQFN package for improved thermal performance.
Connect EP to GND externally and do not run traces
under the package to avoid possible short circuits. To
aid heat dissipation, connect EP to a similarly sized pad
on the component side of the PCB. This pad should be
connected through to the solder-side copper by several
plated holes to a large heat-spreading copper area to
conduct heat away from the device.
The devices’ high-speed pulser requires low-inductance
bypass capacitors to their supply inputs. High-speed
PCB trace design practices are recommended. Pay
particular attention to minimize trace lengths and use
suf
ficient trace width to reduce inductance. Use of
surface-mount components is recommended.
Typical Application Circuit
Figure 7 shows the MAX14808 in an octal three-level
pulsing application.
Thermal Warning Outputs
The devices feature an open-drain thermal-protection
output (THP). When the internal junction temperature
exceeds +150NC, the devices automatically enter shutdown mode and THP asserts. The devices reenter
normal operation and the THP deasserts when the die
temperature drops below +130NC.
Maxim Integrated
27
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
VDD
DINP1
VDD
GND
OUT8
VPPB
OUT7
VNNB
VPPB
OUT6
OUT5
VNNB
GND
VNNA
OUT4
VPPA
OUT3
VNNA
VPPA
27
60
26
MAX14808
61
25
62
24
63
23
64
22
65
21
66
20
67
19
68
18
2
LVOUT2
LVOUT1
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-HV0
VNNB
GND
VPPB
VGPB
10V,
1µF
VGNB
VEE
VEE
VCC
10V,
1µF
VCC
DINN8
DINP8
DINN7
DINP7
DINN5–DINN8
DINP5–DINP8
DINN6
DINP6
8
DINN5
DINP5
VDD
VDD
GND
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
LVOUT1–LVOUT4
LVOUT5–LVOUT8
4
4
LVOUT8
DINN1
28
59
LVOUT7
DINP2
8
58
LVOUT6
DINN2
29
LVOUT5
DINN1–DINN5
DINP1–DINP5
30
57
MODE1
DINP3
56
MODE0
DINP4
DINN3
31
CC1
VCC
DINN4
55
CC0
VCC
+HV0
32
CLK
VEE
+HV0
54
CLK
VGNA
VEE
-HV0
33
SYNC
VGPA
+HV0
53
THP
10V,
1µF
-HV0
34
LDO_EN
10V,
1µF
VPPA
-HV0
51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35
LVOUT4
GND
+HV0
52
LVOUT3
VNNA
-HV0
OUT2
+HV0
+HV0
OUT1
-HV0
ANALOG FRONT-END
Figure 7. Octal Three-Level Pulsing (MAX14808)
Maxim Integrated
28
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Functional Diagram
VPPA
VNNA
VDS
VPPA
GRASS-CLIPPING
DIODES
VGPA
OUT_
VPPB
VGNA
VNNB
DAMP
VDS
T/R SWITCH
(MAX14808 ONLY)
VNNA
VEE
GND
LVOUT_
GND
VCC
VEE
GND
VCC
MAX14808
MAX14809
GND
CC0
CC1
POWER SUPPLIES
AND DIGITAL
PULSER CONTROL
CIRCUIT
CHANNELS 1–4
GND
VPPB
MODE0
VDS
GRASS-CLIPPING
DIODES
VGPB
MODE1
OUT_
VGNB
CLK
DAMP
VDS
CLK
T/R SWITCH
(MAX14808 ONLY)
VNNB
GND
SYNC
LDO_EN
DINN_
DINP_
LVOUT_
GND
VEE
VCC
GND
GND
CHANNELS 5–8
2 CHANNELS
Maxim Integrated
29
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Ordering Information
TRANSMIT CHANNELS
T/R SWITCHES
TEMP RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX14808ETK+
PART
Yes
Yes
-40°C to +85°C
68 TQFN-EP*
MAX14809ETK+
Yes
No
-40°C to +85°C
68 TQFN-EP*
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
*EP = Exposed pad.
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
Maxim Integrated
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a
“+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only.
Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the
drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
PACKAGE
TYPE
PACKAGE
CODE
OUTLINE
NO.
LAND
PATTERN NO.
68 TQFN-EP
T6800+4
21-0142
90-0101
30
MAX14808/MAX14809
Octal Three-Level/Quad Five-Level High-Voltage
2A Digital Pulsers with T/R Switch
Revision History
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
0
9/12
Initial release
1
3/13
Updated the DC Electrical Characteristics and AC Electrical Characteristics tables;
updated TOC 9 in the Typical Operating Characteristics section; removed the future
product notation from the MAX14809 in the Ordering Information table
2
1/14
Updated the DC Electrical Characteristics and AC Electrical Characteristics tables
DESCRIPTION
PAGES
CHANGED
—
5−8, 11, 17, 30
8, 9, 11
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent
licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and
max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated 160 Rio Robles, San Jose, CA 95134 USA 1-408-601-1000
© 2013 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
31
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
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