SKYEMODULE GEMINI USER GUIDE
VERSION 10/06/2017
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
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COPYRIGHT INFORMATION:
Copyright 2017 Novanta Corporation. All rights reserved.
Version 10/03/2017
This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed under licenses restricting its use, copying, distribution, and decompilation. No
part of this product or document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Novanta Corporation and its
licensors, if any.
MIFARE and NXP is a registered trademark of Royal Philips Electronics.
Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND CONTACT INFORMATION
TELEPHONE: 315.701.0678
www.jadaktech.com
Email: RFID-support@jadaktech.com
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
GETTING STARTED ................................................................................................................................................................................7
WHY A SKYETEK MODULE? ..................................................................................................................................7
ADDITIONAL READING ..........................................................................................................................................................................8
REVISION HISTORY................................................................................................................................................................................9
2
DEFINITION OF TERMS ................................................................................................................................. 10
3
ORDERING INFORMATION ........................................................................................................................... 11
3.1
3.2
4
GEMINI STANDARD PART NUMBERS ................................................................................................................................................ 11
PART NUMBER DETAILS .................................................................................................................................................................... 11
SKYEMODULE GEMINI OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................ 12
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................................................................................. 12
BLOCK DIAGRAM ............................................................................................................................................................................... 12
FEATURES ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
APPLICATIONS .................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
AGENCY APPROVALS ......................................................................................................................................................................... 13
5
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................................................... 14
6
PINNING INFORMATION .............................................................................................................................. 15
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
7
CONNECTOR DESCRIPTIONS .............................................................................................................................................................. 15
HOST INTERFACE CONNECTOR PIN MAPPING.................................................................................................................................. 16
EXTERNAL ANTENNA CONNECTOR PIN MAPPING ........................................................................................................................... 17
USING THE GPIO PINS ...................................................................................................................................................................... 18
ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................................................. 19
7.1
7.2
8
ELECTROSTATIC PRECAUTIONS .......................................................................................................................................................... 19
GENERAL RATINGS AND OPERATING CONDITIONS .......................................................................................................................... 19
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 20
8.1 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................................................................................................................... 20
8.2
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
9
PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................. 22
9.1
9.2
10
10.1
10.2
TIMING SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................................................................... 22
RANGE SPECIFICATIONS..................................................................................................................................................................... 23
RADIO SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................................ 24
AGENCY APPROVALS ......................................................................................................................................................................... 24
EU DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY ................................................................................................................................................. 24
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
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10.3 HOST DEVICE LABELING FOR FCC ......................................................................................................................... 25
10.4 FREQUENCY BAND ............................................................................................................................................................................. 25
10.5 TAG PROTOCOLS ................................................................................................................................................................................ 25
11
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
HOST INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................ 26
USB 2.0 ......................................................................................................................................................... 27
TTL SERIAL ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
SPI ................................................................................................................................................................ 30
I2C ................................................................................................................................................................. 33
12
SKYEMODULE GEMINI ANTENNA OPTIONS ............................................................................................... 36
13
COMMUNICATING WITH THE MODULE .................................................................................................... 37
13.1
13.2
13.3
14
14.1
14.2
14.3
15
15.1
15.2
HOST COMMUNICATION (SKYETEK PROTOCOL V3) .................................................................................................. 37
REQUEST FORMATS ........................................................................................................................................................................... 37
RESPONSE FORMATS ......................................................................................................................................................................... 38
SYSTEM PARAMETERS .............................................................................................................................. 39
SYSTEM PARAMETER SUMMARY .....................................................................................................................................39
CHANGING SYSTEM PARAMETERS .................................................................................................................................................... 39
SYSTEM PARAMETER DETAILS ........................................................................................................................................................... 40
SPECIAL FEATURES ............................................................................................................................ 44
SLEEP MODES .................................................................................................................................................................................... 44
FEATURE REQUESTS........................................................................................................................................................................... 44
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3-1: SkyeTek Part Number Format ........................................................................................... 11
Figure 4-1: SM-GM-AC (with all connectors) ........................................................................................ 13
Figure 4-2: SkyeModule Gemini Block Diagram.................................................................................... 13
Figure 5-1: SM-GM Mechanical Drawing .............................................................................................. 15
Figure 6-1: Host Interface Connector Pin Numbering ........................................................................... 17
Figure 6-2: External Antenna Pin Numbering ....................................................................................... 18
Figure 9-1: Tag Command Execution Time Measurement ..................................................................... 23
Figure 9-2: Range Specifications ........................................................................................................ 24
Figure 11-1: USB Connection Diagram ................................................................................................ 28
Figure 11-2: TTL Serial Connection Diagram ....................................................................................... 29
Figure 11-3: TTL Serial Timing Diagram.............................................................................................. 30
Figure 11-4: SPI Connection Diagram ................................................................................................. 31
Figure 11-5: SPI Request Setup and Sample Timing ............................................................................ 32
Figure 11-6: SPI Request Timing ........................................................................................................ 32
Figure 11-7: SPI Response Timing ...................................................................................................... 33
Figure 11-8: I2C Connection Diagram ................................................................................................. 34
Figure 11-9: I2C Timing Diagram ........................................................................................................ 36
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-1: Revision History ..................................................................................................................9
Table 3-1: Gemini Standard Part Numbers .......................................................................................... 11
Table 3-2: Part Number Details .......................................................................................................... 11
Table 6-1: SkyeModule Gemini Connector Specification ....................................................................... 16
Table 6-2: SkyeModule Gemini Pin Descriptions .................................................................................. 17
Table 6-3: External Antenna Pin Descriptions ...................................................................................... 18
Table 7-1: Environmental Ratings/Operating Conditions ...................................................................... 20
Table 8-1: SkyeModule Gemini Electrical Specifications ........................................................................ 21
Table 8-2: Absolute Maximum Ratings ................................................................................................ 22
Table 9-1: Timing Specifications ........................................................................................................ 23
Table 13-1: Request Format (bytes), ASCII Mode ............................................................................... 38
Table 13-2: Request Format (bytes), Binary Mode ............................................................................... 38
Table 13-3: Response Format (bytes), Binary Mode ............................................................................ 39
Table 14-1: SkyeModule Gemini System Parameters ........................................................................... 40
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
1
1.1
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Introduction
Getting Started
Operating your SkyeModule Gemini begins with finding a method to connect to a host. The
module itself does not operate without direction (commands) from a host. The host can be in the form
of a PC or, more typically, an embedded microcontroller. This document explains the physical and
electrical characteristics of the module, so you can understand how to integrate the Gemini into a
finished product.
For initial demonstration of the module, SkyeWare v4 software is available on the media that came
with the developer/evaluation kit or available for download at support.skyetek.com. Open this software
on your windows PC and it will be recognized when you connect through USB or RS232 (with developer
kit interface board). The software demonstrates features like selecting tags, reading and writing. It also
has a powerful command builder that lets you format, send and receive any command to and from the
reader. More about SkyeWare can be found in the SkyeWare User Guide. See the Additional Reading
section below.
The next step after demonstrating the module’s functionality is developing your own
communication with the module. This can be achieved with simple code on a microcontroller or
using the SkyeTek API on a PC. Once connected to a host through one of the four host interfaces, the
reader to host communication is formatted with a full featured protocol called SkyeTek Protocol v3. In
order to make learning commands and formatting easy, we have developed a series of application notes
with examples to get you started. The application notes start with basic tag and reader commands and
become very detailed for tags with special features. Read more about the protocol and commands in
section 13, Communicating with the Module and then move on to the Additional Reading in section 1.3.
1.2
Why a Gemini Module?
Many customers may wonder, “What value does a module add over an RFID transceiver chip?”
RFID transceiver chips may seem simple, but they actually require significant engineering time and capital
investment to integrate. Transceiver chips contain up to 50 registers for configuration and functionality.
In addition, communicating over air protocols such as ISO14443 is complex, described in nearly 150
pages of cryptic procedures. For example, just selecting a tag requires a minimum of 6 and up to 100
over air interactions with multiple tags present. Our modules mask the complexities of RFID from
the user and pack functionality into just a few commands.
Our core set of commands allow the user to read and write to tags with a single command, regardless of
the tag type. The Gemini handles complex cryptography, which many modules lack, to easily add more
security for access control or payment systems. The module is also field upgradeable, so you can use the
latest security algorithms and tag features as they are released. Power regulation and filtering for the
radio are handled in the Gemini, so you can supply voltage directly from an unregulated source like a
battery. Finally, the Gemini will be modularly approved by the FCC and CE, so you can bypass expensive
radio testing at a certified test lab and avoid potential schedule delays due to failures.
Using a Gemini module will greatly reduce time to market and upfront development costs.
Allow us to take the burden of developing an RF system so you can focus your energy on your core
products.
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
1.3
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Additional Reading
Gemini Tag Support Matrix – List of supported tags and commands supported with those tags
Gemini Basic Tag Commands – Application note with descriptions and examples of the basic tag
commands: select tag, read tag, and write tag
SkyeTek Protocol v3 Reader Commands – Application note with descriptions and examples of the reader
commands: read/write system, read/write default system, load defaults, and reset
Keyboard Wedge Operating Mode - This application note describes the Gemini functionality in keyboard
wedge mode and also how to enter and exit this mode. Keyboard wedge mode can be very handy when
replacing a barcode scanner or when minimal software integration is desired.
Using MIFARE Classic – Application note with information on the tag and memory structure as well as the
protocol commands to support special features of this tag like crypto authentication.
Using MIFARE Ultralight C – Application note with information on the tag and memory structure as well
as the protocol commands to support special features of this tag like authentication and locking.
Using MIFARE Plus – Application note with information on the tag’s memory structure and security levels.
It also includes examples of protocol commands to support the special features of this tag like initializing
security and Crypto1/AES authentication and MACing.
Kovio NFC Barcode and 2K – Application note with information on the tag and memory structure as well
as the protocol commands to support special features of these tags like locking.
SkyeTek Protocol v3 Guide – A quick protocol reference for command structure if you already know the
command you want to use. This is also a good reference for error codes and tag type codes.
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
1.4
Page | 9
Revision History
Revision
Author
Change
040913
Brad Alcorn
Initial draft.
111313
Brad Alcorn
Updates for v3.0 hardware and firmware version 0101053.
013114
Brad Alcorn
Minor update to part numbering.
051214
Brad Alcorn
Updates for FCC certification.
061914
Brad Alcorn
Fix to the Reader ID system parameter description and a fix to
the description of the I2C host interface functionality.
06092017
Eric S. Harden
Add EU Declaration of Conformance, updated JADAK info
10062017
Eric S. Harden
Added ISED Certification Number and Modular approvals
Table 1-1: Revision History
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
2
Definition of Terms
3DES
Triple Data Encryption Standard
AES
Advanced Encryption Standard
API
Application Programming Interface
DES
Data Encryption Standard
GPIO
General Purpose Input/Output
HID
Human Interface Device
I2C
Inter-integrated Circuit
LSB
Least Significant Bit
MSB
Most Significant Bit
NC
No Connect
RoHS
Reduction of Hazardous Substances
SPI
Serial Peripheral Interface
SSEL
Slave Select
STP V3
SkyeTek Protocol Version 3
TTL
Transistor-transistor Logic
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SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
3
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Ordering Information
3.1
Gemini Standard Part Numbers
Part Number
Host Interface
Baud Rate
Description
SM-GM-UB
TTL Serial
38400 Baud
USB connector only.
SM-GM-MH
TTL Serial
38400 Baud
USB and board to board connector populated.
SM-GM-AC
TTL Serial
38400 Baud
All connectors populated. See Figure 4-1.
Table 3-1: Gemini Standard Part Numbers
NOTE – The Gemini will always communicate via USB, when a USB host is connected.
NOTE – See section 6.1 for more information on the Gemini connectors.
3.2
Part Number Details
The Gemini part number is constructed according to the SkyeTek part number specification below:
PF-PT-BT-OPTS
Figure 3-1: SkyeTek Part Number Format
Code
Options
Description
Product Family
SM = SkyeModule
Highest level product family code.
Product Type
GM = Gemini
Specifies the specific part type.
Build Type
UB = USB connector only
Specifies hardware form factor.
MH = With USB and MH connectors
AC = All connectors
Options
Blank = Standard
This field is left for special customer part numbers or standard
variations such I2C for I2C as the default host interface. Consult
the SkyeTek sales team for custom orders.
Table 3-2: Part Number Details
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
4
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SkyeModule Gemini Overview
4.1
Description
The SkyeModule™ Gemini marks the next generation of our HF reader modules. The Gemini is a
low-cost, and ultra-low power, ISO14443 MIFARE and NFC reader/writer module. A cutting edge
ARM Cortex micro-controller and latest HF transceiver technology coupled with the reader's
intelligent operating system make this module the most versatile HF RFID module at the bottom
tier price point. Manufactured in accordance with ISO 9001 and ISO 13485 processes, quality is
our top priority.
Figure 4-1: SM-GM-AC (with all connectors)
4.2
Block Diagram
SkyeModule Gemini
VIN (1.8 – 5.5V)
Power Regulation
VCC (3.3V)
External
Antenna
Connector
SPI
USB
Jumpers
USB Connector
Crypto
Libraries
ISO
Protocol
Libraries
Tag
Feature
Libraries
Matching
Network
Tag Commands
System
Parameters
EMC Filter
Protocol Parser
Radio Drivers
I2C
Radio
Transceiver
SkyeOS
Interface Drivers
Host Interface Connector
Cortex M-0 Microcontroller Firmware
TTL Serial
TRX LED
MCU LED
Figure 4-2: SkyeModule Gemini Block Diagram
Integrated Antenna
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
4.3
Features
4.4
Reads and writes to transponders based on ISO14443A/B
Reads and writes to other NFC devices based on ISO18092 peer-to-peer (coming soon)
Emulates NFC tags based on ISO18092 (coming soon)
3DES authentication for MIFARE Ultralight C tags (coming soon)
AES128 authentication and MAC for MIFARE Plus tags
Crypto1 authentication for MIFARE Classic and Plus tags
Wide and efficient power supply with input from 2.0 – 5.5V
Deep sleep mode current down to 10uA
Easy migration to and from the M2/M4
Supported host interfaces include USB, TTL level RS232, SPI, I2C
Integrated internal antenna and options to use external antennas
Modularly certified (coming soon)
Applications
4.5
NFC Bluetooth pairing
NFC Games
Access control
Loyalty Card Reader
Ticketing
Transportation Fare
Kiosks
Product and Consumable Anti-Counterfeiting
RFID Printers
ATMs
Vending Machines
Debiting Systems
Agency Approvals
RoHS 2
FCC/ISED Modular
CE Mark
Japan
Manufactured in accordance with ISO9001 and ISO13485 processes
Page | 13
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
5
Mechanical Specifications
Dimensions: 38.2 mm x 40.0 mm = 1528 mm 2
Height without connectors: 4.53 mm
Figure 5-1: SM-GM Mechanical Drawing
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SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
6
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Pinning Information
6.1
Connector Descriptions
The SM-GM-UB is the standard version of the Gemini module and has only the USB micro connector
populated. It also uses the internal antenna by default. Two jumper resistors must be removed from the
SM-GM-UB if an external antenna is to be used. In production, customers can connect a host to the
module in one of three ways:
solder cable assemblies directly to the through hole pins of the host interface connector
solder a custom board to board connector to the host interface 2x12, 2mm through hole
footprint
solder the module directly to a host board with a single 2x12, 2mm header if removal is not
desired
For development and prototyping, the Gemini is also offered in the SM-GM-MH form factor with the
following connectors populated:
Connector Type
Description
Ref Des
Man.
Man. P/N
Mating Connector
Through hole 2mm, 12x2
Host interface
connector
J3
Hirose
DF11-24DP-2DSA(24)
DF11Z-24DS-2V
USB Micro AB Receptacle
USB host interface
connector
J4
FCI
10104111-0001LF
USB Micro Plug
Through hole 0.1”, 3x2
External antenna
connector
J2
Samtec
MTLW-103-05-F-D-190
SLW-103-01-F-D
Table 6-1: SkyeModule Gemini Connector Specification
Custom connectors and antenna configurations can be ordered with a minimum order quantity. Please
contact info@jadaktech.com or local reseller to discuss ordering options.
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
6.2
Page | 16
Host Interface Connector Pin Mapping
The SkyeModule Gemini host connector is a 24-pin through-hole 2mm pitch part. As explained in the
previous section, no connector is populated in location J3 in the standard version SM-GM-UB. The pin
numbers are located as illustrated in Figure 6-1 below. The pin mappings and descriptions are shown in
Table 6-2. Note that all unconnected pins should be left floating.
Top of Board
Host Interface Connector (2mm)
J3
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
23
21
19
17
15
13
11
9
7
5
3
1
1
J4
2
3
4
5
USB Micro
Receptacle
Figure 6-1: Host Interface Connector Pin Numbering
Pin
Name
Description
I/O
Pin
Name
Description
I/O
1
GPIO0
User configurable GPIO
I/O
2
RXD
UART receive
Input
3
GPIO1
User configurable GPIO
I/O
4
TXD
UART transmit
Output
5
GPIO2
User configurable GPIO
I/O
6
NC
Not Connected
N/A
7
GPIO3_DR
User configurable GPIO, Data
Ready (see SPI and I2C modes)
I/O
8
N_DEEP_SLEE
P
Active low deep sleep. Internally
pulled high when unconnected
(inactive).
Input
9
VIN
Input power supply pin
Input
10
GND
Ground
Input
2
11
USB_DP
USB positive
I/O
12
SCL
I C Clock
Input
13
USB_DN
USB negative
I/O
14
SDA
I2C Data
I/O
15
VIN
Input power supply pin
Input
16
GND
Ground
Input
17
3V3_OUT
3.3V supply output pin
Output
18
MISO
SPI master in, slave out
Output
19
N_RESET
Active low reset. Pulled high
when unconnected (inactive).
Input
20
MOSI
SPI master out, slave in
Input
21
NC
Not Connected
N/A
22
SCK
SPI clock in
Input
Not Connected
N/A
24
SSEL
SPI slave select
Input
23
NC
Table 6-2: SkyeModule Gemini Pin Descriptions
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
6.3
Page | 17
External Antenna Connector Pin Mapping
The SkyeModule Gemini can be configured to use either an external or internal antenna. The standard
configuration on the SM-GM-UB connects the internal antenna with jumper resistors R20 and R21, which
bypass J2. This is the typical configuration for the Gemini. The SM-GM-MH comes with R20 and R21
unpopulated and header pins soldered to J2. This allows the user to select the internal antenna with
jumpers across pins 1-4 and 3-5 below or to connect an external antenna with pins 1, 2, and 3 of J2.
More information on how to connect an antenna can be found in Chapter 12, SkyeModule Gemini
Antenna Options.
The antenna connector numbering and description is illustrated below:
Top of Board
3
1
6
4
2
J3
5
R20
R21
Shield
J2
Figure 6-2: External Antenna Pin Numbering
Pin
Name
Description
1
INT_TX2
Internal antenna connection for TX2
2
TX2
Transceiver output 2
3
RX_EXT
External RX for use with external
amplifier (contact SkyeTek for more
information)
4
GND
Ground for transceiver output
5
INT_TX1
Internal antenna connection for TX1
6
TX1
Transceiver output 1
Table 6-3: External Antenna Pin Descriptions
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
6.4
Page | 18
Using the GPIO Pins
You can use the User Port Direction and User Port Value system parameters to address the GPIO pins
to set the user port direction (input or output) and the user port value (high or low). For more
information, see the following:
“User Port Direction” in section 14.3.9
“User Port Value” in section 14.3.10
NOTE – GPIO3 is used as a data ready pin when in SPI or I2C mode. GPIO3 cannot be used as GPIO
when using these interfaces.
SkyeModule Gemini User Guide
7
Page | 20
Environmental Specifications
7.1
Electrostatic Precautions
CAUTION – Failure to take proper electrostatic precautions may result in damage to or
failure of your SkyeModule Gemini.
The SkyeModule Gemini contains static-sensitive parts. Observe the following precautions to prevent
damage to these parts.
Wear a static grounding strap when handling electronic control components.
Keep all plastic, vinyl, and Styrofoam (except antistatic versions) away from printed circuit
boards.
Do not touch the components or conductors on a printed circuit board with your hands or with
conductive devices.
7.2
General Ratings and Operating Conditions
Specification
Rating
Temperature range
Temperature is 25 degrees Celsius unless otherwise noted
Operating
-20 to +70 degrees C
Storage
-40 to +125 degrees C
Humidity
Operating, continuous storage
10-90 percent (non-condensing)
Transient storage (
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