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DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 1 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 CONTENTS Chapter 1 DE0-Nano-SoC Development Kit ...................................................4 1.1 Package Contents ....................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 DE0-Nano-SoC System CD ....................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Getting Help ............................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 2 Introduction of the DE0-Nano-SoC Board ......................................7 2.1 Layout and Components............................................................................................................. 7 2.2 Block Diagram of the DE0-Nano-SoC Board ............................................................................ 9 Chapter 3 Using the DE0-Nano-SoC Board ..................................................12 3.1 Settings of FPGA Configuration Mode .................................................................................... 12 3.2 Configuration of Cyclone V SoC FPGA on DE0-Nano-SoC ................................................... 14 3.3 Board Status Elements ............................................................................................................. 19 3.4 Board Reset Elements .............................................................................................................. 20 3.5 Clock Circuitry ......................................................................................................................... 21 3.6 Peripherals Connected to the FPGA ......................................................................................... 22 3.6.1 User Push-buttons, Switches and LEDs ............................................................................ 23 3.6.2 2x20 GPIO Expansion Headers......................................................................................... 26 3.6.3 Arduino Uno R3 Expansion Header .................................................................................. 29 3.6.4 A/D Converter and Analog Input ...................................................................................... 31 3.7 Peripherals Connected to Hard Processor System (HPS)......................................................... 33 3.7.1 User Push-buttons and LEDs ............................................................................................ 33 3.7.2 Gigabit Ethernet ................................................................................................................ 33 3.7.3 UART ................................................................................................................................ 35 3.7.4 DDR3 Memory.................................................................................................................. 36 DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 1 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.7.5 Micro SD Card Socket ...................................................................................................... 38 3.7.6 USB 2.0 OTG PHY ........................................................................................................... 39 3.7.7 G-sensor ............................................................................................................................ 40 3.7.8 LTC Connector .................................................................................................................. 40 Chapter 4 DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder ...................................................42 4.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 42 4.2 Design Flow ............................................................................................................................. 42 4.3 Using DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder .................................................................................... 43 Chapter 5 Examples For FPGA ....................................................................49 5.1 DE0-Nano-SoC Factory Configuration .................................................................................... 49 5.2 ADC Reading ........................................................................................................................... 50 Chapter 6 Examples for HPS SoC .................................................................53 6.1 Hello Program .......................................................................................................................... 53 6.2 Users LED and KEY ................................................................................................................ 55 6.3 I2C Interfaced G-sensor ........................................................................................................... 61 Chapter 7 Examples for using both HPS SoC and FGPA ...............................65 7.1 HPS Control FPGA LED.......................................................................................................... 65 Chapter 8 Programming the EPCS Device .....................................................69 8.1 Before Programming Begins .................................................................................................... 69 8.2 Convert .SOF File to .JIC File.................................................................................................. 70 8.3 Write JIC File into the EPCS Device ....................................................................................... 74 8.4 Erase the EPCS Device ............................................................................................................ 75 8.5 EPCS Programming via nios-2-flash-programmer .................................................................. 76 8.6 Nios II Boot from EPCS Device in Quartus II v13.1 or later ........................................... 77 Chapter 9 Appendix A ....................................................................................78 DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 2 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 9.1 What's different between the DE0-Nano-SoC kit and the Atlas-SoC kit?................................ 78 Chapter 10 Appendix B ....................................................................................79 10.1 Revision History ..................................................................................................................... 79 10.2 Copyright Statement ............................................................................................................... 79 DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 3 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Chapter 1 DE0-Nano-SoC Development Kit The DE0-Nano-SoC Development Kit presents a robust hardware design platform built around the Altera System-on-Chip (SoC) FPGA, which combines the latest dual-core Cortex-A9 embedded cores with industry-leading programmable logic for ultimate design flexibility. Users can now leverage the power of tremendous re-configurability paired with a high-performance, low-power processor system. Altera’s SoC integrates an ARM-based hard processor system (HPS) consisting of processor, peripherals and memory interfaces tied seamlessly with the FPGA fabric using a high-bandwidth interconnect backbone. The DE0-Nano-SoC development board is equipped with high-speed DDR3 memory, analog to digital capabilities, Ethernet networking, and much more that promise many exciting applications. The DE0-Nano-SoC Development Kit contains all the tools needed to use the board in conjunction with a computer that runs the Microsoft Windows XP or later. In addition, DE0-Nano-SoC Kit is also called Atlas-SoC Kit in Altera's Rockboard.org Linux community (http://www.rocketboards.org/atlas-soc). The hardware of DE0-Nano-SoC Kit and Atlas-SoC Kit are exactly the same, however, this community provides different development resource from DE0-Nano-SoC Kit. The details of kit contents can be found in the Appendix chapter. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 4 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 1.1 Package Contents Figure 1-1 shows a photograph of the DE0-Nano-SoC package. Figure 1-1 The DE0-Nano-SoC package contents The DE0-Nano-SoC package includes:       The DE0-Nano-SoC development board DE0-Nano-SoC Quick Start Guide USB cable Type A to Mini-B for FPGA programming or UART control USB cable Type A to Micro-B for USB OTG connect to PC 5V/2A DC power adapter 4GB microSD Card (Installed) 1.2 DE0-Nano-SoC System CD The DE0-Nano-SoC System CD contains all the documents and supporting materials associated with DE0-Nano-SoC, including the user manual, system builder, reference designs, and device datasheets. Users can download this system CD from the link: http://cd-de0-nano-soc.terasic.com. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 5 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 1.3 Getting Help Here are the addresses where you can get help if you encounter any problems: Altera Corporation 101 Innovation Drive San Jose, California, 95134 USA Email: university@altera.com Terasic Technologies 9F., No.176, Sec.2, Gongdao 5th Rd, East Dist, Hsinchu City, 30070. Taiwan Email: support@terasic.com Tel.: +886-3-575-0880 Website: de0-nano-soc.terasic.com DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 6 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Chapter 2 Introduction of the DE0-Nano-SoC Board This chapter provides an introduction to the features and design characteristics of the board. 2.1 Layout and Components Figure 2-1 and Figure 2-2 shows a photograph of the board. It depicts the layout of the board and indicates the location of the connectors and key components. Figure 2-1 DE0-Nano-SoC development board (top view) DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 7 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 2-2 DE0-Nano-SoC development board (bottom view) The DE0-Nano-SoC board has many features that allow users to implement a wide range of designed circuits, from simple circuits to various multimedia projects. The following hardware is provided on the board:  FPGA            Altera Cyclone® V SE 5CSEMA4U23C6N device Serial configuration device – EPCS128 USB-Blaster II onboard for programming; JTAG Mode 2 push-buttons 4 slide switches 8 green user LEDs Three 50MHz clock sources from the clock generator Two 40-pin expansion header One Arduino expansion header (Uno R3 compatibility), can connect with Arduino shields. One 10-pin Analog input expansion header. (shared with Arduino Analog input) A/D converter, 4-wire SPI interface with FPGA DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 8 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015  HPS (Hard Processor System)           925MHz Dual-core ARM Cortex-A9 processor 1GB DDR3 SDRAM (32-bit data bus) 1 Gigabit Ethernet PHY with RJ45 connector port USB OTG, USB Micro-AB connector Micro SD card socket Accelerometer (I2C interface + interrupt) UART to USB, USB Mini-B connector Warm reset button and cold reset button One user button and one user LED LTC 2x7 expansion header 2.2 Block Diagram of the DE0-Nano-SoC Board Figure 2-3 is the block diagram of the board. All the connections are established through the Cyclone V SoC FPGA device to provide maximum flexibility for users. Users can configure the FPGA to implement any system design. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 9 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 2-3 Block diagram of DE0-Nano-SoC Detailed information about Figure 2-3 are listed below. FPGA Device       Cyclone V SoC 5CSEMA4U23C6N Device Dual-core ARM Cortex-A9 (HPS) 40K programmable logic elements 2,460 Kbits embedded memory 5 fractional PLLs 2 hard memory controllers Configuration and Debug   Serial configuration device – EPCS128 on FPGA Onboard USB-Blaster II (Mini-B USB connector) DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 10 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Memory Device   1GB (2x256Mx16) DDR3 SDRAM on HPS Micro SD card socket on HPS Communication    One USB 2.0 OTG (ULPI interface with USB Micro-AB connector) UART to USB (USB Mini-B connector) 10/100/1000 Ethernet Connectors     Two 40-pin expansion headers Arduino expansion header One 10-pin ADC input header One LTC connector (one Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Master ,one I2C and one GPIO interface ) ADC   12-Bit Resolution, 500Ksps Sampling Rate. SPI Interface. 8-Channel Analog Input. Input Range : 0V ~ 4.096V. Switches, Buttons, and Indicators     3 user Keys (FPGA x2, HPS x1) 4 user switches (FPGA x4) 9 user LEDs (FPGA x8, HPS x 1) 2 HPS reset buttons (HPS_RESET_n and HPS_WARM_RST_n) Sensors  G-Sensor on HPS Power  5V DC input DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 11 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Chapter 3 Using the DE0-Nano-SoC Board This chapter provides an instruction to use the board and describes the peripherals. 3.1 Settings of FPGA Configuration Mode When the DE0-Nano-SoC board is powered on, the FPGA can be configured from EPCS or HPS. The MSEL[4:0] pins are used to select the configuration scheme. It is implemented as a 6-pin DIP switch SW10 on the DE0-Nano-SoC board, as shown in Figure 3-1. Figure 3-1 DIP switch (SW10) setting of FPP x32 mode DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 12 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Table 3-1 shows the relation between MSEL[4:0] and DIP switch (SW10). Table 3-1 FPGA Configuration Mode Switch (SW10) Board Reference Signal Name SW10.1 SW10.2 SW10.3 SW10.4 SW10.5 SW10.6 MSEL0 MSEL1 MSEL2 MSEL3 MSEL4 N/A Description Default Use these pins to set the FPGA Configuration scheme N/A ON (“0”) OFF (“1”) ON (“0”) OFF (“1”) ON (“0”) N/A Table 3-2 shows MSEL[4:0] setting for FPGA configure, and default setting is FPPx32 mode on DE0-Nano-SoC. When the board is powered on and MSEL[4:0] set to “10010”, the FPGA is configured from EPCS, which is pre-programmed with the default code. If developers wish to configure FPGA from an application software running on Linux, the MSEL[4:0] needs to be set to “01010” before the programming process begins. If developers using the "Linux Console with frame buffer" or "Linux LXDE Desktop" SD Card image, the MSEL[4:0] needs to be set to “00000” before the board is powered on. Table 3-2 MSEL Pin Settings for FPGA Configure of DE0-Nano-SoC SW10.1 SW10.2 SW10.3 SW10.4 SW10.5 SW10.6 Configuration MSEL0 MSEL1 MSEL2 MSEL3 MSEL4 AS ON OFF ON ON OFF N/A FPPx32 (Default) ON OFF ON OFF ON N/A FPPx16 ON ON ON ON ON N/A DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 13 Description FPGA configured from EPCS FPGA configured from HPS software: Linux (default) FPGA configured from HPS software: U-Boot, with image stored on the SD card, like LXDE Desktop or console Linux with frame buffer edition. www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.2 Configuration of Cyclone V SoC FPGA on DE0-Nano-SoC There are two types of programming method supported by DE0-Nano-SoC: 1. JTAG programming: It is named after the IEEE standards Joint Test Action Group. The configuration bit stream is downloaded directly into the Cyclone V SoC FPGA. The FPGA will retain its current status as long as the power keeps applying to the board; the configuration information will be lost when the power is off. 2. AS programming: The other programming method is Active Serial configuration. The configuration bit stream is downloaded into the serial configuration device (EPCS128), which provides non-volatile storage for the bit stream. The information is retained within EPCS128 even if the DE0-Nano-SoC board is turned off. When the board is powered on, the configuration data in the EPCS128 device is automatically loaded into the Cyclone V SoC FPGA.  JTAG Chain on DE0-Nano-SoC Board The FPGA device can be configured through JTAG interface on DE0-Nano-SoC board, but the JTAG chain must form a closed loop, which allows Quartus II programmer to the detect FPGA device. Figure 3-2 illustrates the JTAG chain on DE0-Nano-SoC board. Figure 3-2 Path of the JTAG chain  Configure the FPGA in JTAG Mode There are two devices (FPGA and HPS) on the JTAG chain. The following shows how the FPGA is programmed in JTAG mode step by step. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 14 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Open the Quartus II programmer and click “Auto Detect”, as circled in Figure 3-3 Figure 3-3 Detect FPGA device in JTAG mode Select detected device associated with the board, as circled in Figure 3-4. Figure 3-4 Select 5CSEMA4 device DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 15 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Both FPGA and HPS are detected, as shown in Figure 3-5. Figure 3-5 FPGA and HPS detected in Quartus programmer Right click on the FPGA device and open the .sof file to be programmed, as highlighted in Figure 3-6. Figure 3-6 Open the .sof file to be programmed into the FPGA device DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 16 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Select the .sof file to be programmed, as shown in Figure 3-7. Figure 3-7 Select the .sof file to be programmed into the FPGA device Click “Program/Configure” check box and then click “Start” button to download the .sof file into the FPGA device, as shown in Figure 3-8. Figure 3-8 Program .sof file into the FPGA device DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 17 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015  Configure the FPGA in AS Mode The DE0-Nano-SoC board uses a serial configuration device (EPCS128) to store configuration data for the Cyclone V SoC FPGA. This configuration data is automatically loaded from the serial configuration device chip into the FPGA when the board is powered up. Users need to use Serial Flash Loader (SFL) to program the serial configuration device via JTAG interface. The FPGA-based SFL is a soft intellectual property (IP) core within the FPGA that bridge the JTAG and Flash interfaces. The SFL Megafunction is available in Quartus II. Figure 3-9 shows the programming method when adopting SFL solution. Please refer to Chapter 8: Steps of Programming the Serial Configuration Device for the basic programming instruction on the serial configuration device. Figure 3-9 Programming a serial configuration device with SFL solution DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 18 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.3 Board Status Elements In addition to the 9 LEDs that FPGA/HPS device can control, there are 6 indicators which can indicate the board status (See Figure 3-10), please refer the details in Table 3-3 Figure 3-10 LED Indicators on DE0-Nano-SoC Table 3-3 LED Indicators Board Reference LED Name Description LED9 3.3-V Power Illuminate when 3.3V power is active. LED10 CONF_DONE Illuminates when the FPGA is successfully configured. LED11 JTAG_TX Illuminate when data is transferred from JTAG to USB Host. LED12 JTAG_RX Illuminate when data is transferred from USB Host to JTAG. TXD UART TXD Illuminate when data is transferred from FT232R to USB Host. RXD UART RXD Illuminate when data is transferred from USB Host to FT232R. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 19 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.4 Board Reset Elements There are two HPS reset buttons on DE0-Nano-SoC, HPS (cold) reset and HPS warm reset, as shown in Figure 3-11. Table 3-4 describes the purpose of these two HPS reset buttons. Figure 3-12 is the reset tree for DE0-Nano-SoC. Figure 3-11 HPS cold reset and warm reset buttons on DE0-Nano-SoC Table 3-4 Description of Two HPS Reset Buttons on DE0-Nano-SoC Board Reference Signal Name KEY4 KEY3 Description Cold reset to the HPS, Ethernet PHY and USB host device. Active low input which resets all HPS logics that can be reset. Warm reset to the HPS block. Active low input affects the HPS_WARM_RST_N system reset domain for debug purpose. HPS_RESET_N DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 20 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 3-12 HPS reset tree on DE0-Nano-SoC board 3.5 Clock Circuitr y Figure 3-13 shows the default frequency of all external clocks to the Cyclone V SoC FPGA. A clock generator is used to distribute clock signals with low jitter. The two 50MHz clock signals connected to the FPGA are used as clock sources for user logic. Three 25MHz clock signal are connected to two HPS clock inputs, and the other one is connected to the clock input of Gigabit Ethernet Transceiver. One 24MHz clock signal is connected to the USB controller for USB Blaster II circuit and FPGA. One 24MHz clock signals are connected to the clock inputs of USB OTG PHY. The associated pin assignment for clock inputs to FPGA I/O pins is listed in Table 3-5. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 21 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 3-13 Block diagram of the clock distribution on DE0-Nano-SoC Table 3-5 Pin Assignment of Clock Inputs Signal Name FPGA_CLK1_50 FPGA_CLK2_50 FPGA_CLK3_50 HPS_CLK1_25 HPS_CLK2_25 FPGA Pin No. PIN_V11 PIN_Y13 PIN_E11 PIN_E20 PIN_D20 Description 50 MHz clock input 50 MHz clock input 50 MHz clock input (share with FPGA_CLK1_50) 25 MHz clock input 25 MHz clock input I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.6 Peripherals Connected to the FPGA This section describes the interfaces connected to the FPGA. Users can control or monitor different interfaces with user logic from the FPGA. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 22 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.6.1 User Push-buttons, Switches and LEDs The board has two push-buttons connected to the FPGA, as shown in Figure 3-14 Connections between the push-buttons and the Cyclone V SoC FPGA. Schmitt trigger circuit is implemented and act as switch debounce in Figure 3-15 for the push-buttons connected. The two push-buttons named KEY0 and KEY1 coming out of the Schmitt trigger device are connected directly to the Cyclone V SoC FPGA. The push-button generates a low logic level or high logic level when it is pressed or not, respectively. Since the push-buttons are debounced, they can be used as clock or reset inputs in a circuit. Figure 3-14 Connections between the push-buttons and the Cyclone V SoC FPGA Pushbutton depressed Pushbutton released Before Debouncing Schmitt Trigger Debounced Figure 3-15 Switch debouncing There are four slide switches connected to the FPGA, as shown in Figure 3-16. These switches are DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 23 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 not debounced and to be used as level-sensitive data inputs to a circuit. Each switch is connected directly and individually to the FPGA. When the switch is set to the DOWN position (towards the edge of the board), it generates a low logic level to the FPGA. When the switch is set to the UP position, a high logic level is generated to the FPGA. Figure 3-16 Connections between the slide switches and the Cyclone V SoC FPGA There are also eight user-controllable LEDs connected to the FPGA. Each LED is driven directly and individually by the Cyclone V SoC FPGA; driving its associated pin to a high logic level or low level to turn the LED on or off, respectively. Figure 3-17 shows the connections between LEDs and Cyclone V SoC FPGA. Table 3-6, Table 3-7 and Table 3-8 list the pin assignment of user push-buttons, switches, and LEDs. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 24 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 3-17 Connections between the LEDs and the Cyclone V SoC FPGA Table 3-6 Pin Assignment of Slide Switches Signal Name SW[0] SW[1] SW[2] SW[3] FPGA Pin No. PIN_L10 PIN_L9 PIN_H6 PIN_H5 Description Slide Switch[0] Slide Switch[1] Slide Switch[2] Slide Switch[3] I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V Table 3-7 Pin Assignment of Push-buttons Signal Name KEY[0] KEY[1] FPGA Pin No. PIN_AH17 PIN_AH16 Description Push-button[0] Push-button[1] I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V Table 3-8 Pin Assignment of LEDs Signal Name LED[0] LED[1] LED[2] LED[3] LED[4] LED[5] LED[6] LED[7] FPGA Pin No. PIN_W15 PIN_AA24 PIN_V16 PIN_V15 PIN_AF26 PIN_AE26 PIN_Y16 PIN_AA23 DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual Description LED [0] LED [1] LED [2] LED [3] LED [4] LED [5] LED [6] LED [7] 25 I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.6.2 2x20 GPIO Expansion Headers The board has two 40-pin expansion headers. Each header has 36 user pins connected directly to the Cyclone V SoC FPGA. It also comes with DC +5V (VCC5), DC +3.3V (VCC3P3), and two GND pins. Figure 3-18 shows the I/O distribution of the GPIO connector. The maximum power consumption allowed for a daughter card connected to one or two GPIO ports is shown in Table 3-9 and Table 3-10 shows all the pin assignments of the GPIO connector. GPIO 0 (JP1) GPIO 1 (JP7) PIN_V12 GPIO_0[0] 1 2 GPIO_0[1] PIN_AF7 PIN_Y15 GPIO_1[0] 1 2 GPIO_1[1] PIN_AG28 PIN_W12 GPIO_0[2] 3 4 GPIO_0[3] PIN_AF8 PIN_AA15 GPIO_1[2] 3 4 GPIO_1[3] PIN_AH27 PIN_Y8 GPIO_0[4] 5 6 GPIO_0[5] PIN_AB4 PIN_AG26 GPIO_1[4] 5 6 GPIO_1[5] PIN_AH24 PIN_W8 GPIO_0[6] 7 8 GPIO_0[7] PIN_Y4 PIN_AF23 GPIO_1[6] 7 8 GPIO_1[7] PIN_AE22 PIN_Y5 GPIO_0[8] 9 10 GPIO_0[9] PIN_U11 PIN_AF21 GPIO_1[8] 9 10 GPIO_1[9] PIN_AG20 5V 11 12 GND 5V 11 12 GND PIN_T8 GPIO_0[10] 13 14 GPIO_0[11] PIN_T12 PIN_AG19 GPIO_1[10] 13 14 GPIO_1[11] PIN_AF20 PIN_AH5 GPIO_0[12] 15 16 GPIO_0[13] PIN_AH6 PIN_AC23 GPIO_1[12] 15 16 GPIO_1[13] PIN_AG18 PIN_AH4 GPIO_0[14] 17 18 GPIO_0[15] PIN_AG5 PIN_AH26 GPIO_1[14] 17 18 GPIO_1[15] PIN_AA19 PIN_AH3 GPIO_0[16] 19 20 GPIO_0[17] PIN_AH2 PIN_AG24 GPIO_1[16] 19 20 GPIO_1[17] PIN_AF25 PIN_AF4 GPIO_0[18] 21 22 GPIO_0[19] PIN_AG6 PIN_AH23 GPIO_1[18] 21 22 GPIO_1[19] PIN_AG23 PIN_AF5 GPIO_0[20] 23 24 GPIO_0[21] PIN_AE4 PIN_AE19 GPIO_1[20] 23 24 GPIO_1[21] PIN_AF18 PIN_T13 GPIO_0[22] 25 26 GPIO_0[23] PIN_T11 PIN_AD19 GPIO_1[22] 25 26 GPIO_1[23] PIN_AE20 PIN_AE7 GPIO_0[24] 27 28 GPIO_0[25] PIN_AF6 PIN_AE24 GPIO_1[24] 27 28 GPIO_1[25] PIN_AD20 3.3V 29 30 GND 3.3V 29 30 GND PIN_AF9 GPIO_0[26] 31 32 GPIO_0[27] PIN_AE8 PIN_AF22 GPIO_1[26] 31 32 GPIO_1[27] PIN_AH22 PIN_AD10 GPIO_0[28] 33 34 GPIO_0[29] PIN_AE9 PIN_AH19 GPIO_1[28] 33 34 GPIO_1[29] PIN_AH21 PIN_AD11 GPIO_0[30] 35 36 GPIO_0[31] PIN_AF10 PIN_AG21 GPIO_1[30] 35 36 GPIO_1[31] PIN_AH18 PIN_AD12 GPIO_0[32] 37 38 GPIO_0[33] PIN_AE11 PIN_AD23 GPIO_1[32] 37 38 GPIO_1[33] PIN_AE23 PIN_AF11 GPIO_0[34] 39 40 GPIO_0[35] PIN_AE12 PIN_AA18 GPIO_1[34] 39 40 GPIO_1[35] PIN_AC22 Figure 3-18 GPIO Pin Arrangement DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 26 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Table 3-9 Voltage and Max. Current Limit of Expansion Header(s) Supplied Voltage 5V 3.3V Max. Current Limit 1A (depend on the power adapter specification.) 1.5A Table 3-10 Show all Pin Assignment of Expansion Headers Signal Name GPIO_0[0] GPIO_0[1] GPIO_0[2] GPIO_0[3] GPIO_0[4] GPIO_0[5] GPIO_0[6] GPIO_0[7] GPIO_0[8] GPIO_0[9] GPIO_0[10] GPIO_0[11] GPIO_0[12] GPIO_0[13] GPIO_0[14] GPIO_0[15] GPIO_0[16] GPIO_0[17] GPIO_0[18] GPIO_0[19] GPIO_0[20] GPIO_0[21] GPIO_0[22] GPIO_0[23] GPIO_0[24] GPIO_0[25] GPIO_0[26] GPIO_0[27] GPIO_0[28] GPIO_0[29] GPIO_0[30] GPIO_0[31] GPIO_0[32] GPIO_0[33] GPIO_0[34] GPIO_0[35] FPGA Pin No. PIN_V12 PIN_AF7 PIN_W12 PIN_AF8 PIN_Y8 PIN_AB4 PIN_W8 PIN_Y4 PIN_Y5 PIN_U11 PIN_T8 PIN_T12 PIN_AH5 PIN_AH6 PIN_AH4 PIN_AG5 PIN_AH3 PIN_AH2 PIN_AF4 PIN_AG6 PIN_AF5 PIN_AE4 PIN_T13 PIN_T11 PIN_AE7 PIN_AF6 PIN_AF9 PIN_AE8 PIN_AD10 PIN_AE9 PIN_AD11 PIN_AF10 PIN_AD12 PIN_AE11 PIN_AF11 PIN_AE12 DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual Description GPIO Connection 0[0] GPIO Connection 0[1] GPIO Connection 0[2] GPIO Connection 0[3] GPIO Connection 0[4] GPIO Connection 0[5] GPIO Connection 0[6] GPIO Connection 0[7] GPIO Connection 0[8] GPIO Connection 0[9] GPIO Connection 0[10] GPIO Connection 0[11] GPIO Connection 0[12] GPIO Connection 0[13] GPIO Connection 0[14] GPIO Connection 0[15] GPIO Connection 0[16] GPIO Connection 0[17] GPIO Connection 0[18] GPIO Connection 0[19] GPIO Connection 0[20] GPIO Connection 0[21] GPIO Connection 0[22] GPIO Connection 0[23] GPIO Connection 0[24] GPIO Connection 0[25] GPIO Connection 0[26] GPIO Connection 0[27] GPIO Connection 0[28] GPIO Connection 0[29] GPIO Connection 0[30] GPIO Connection 0[31] GPIO Connection 0[32] GPIO Connection 0[33] GPIO Connection 0[34] GPIO Connection 0[35] 27 I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 GPIO_1[0] GPIO_1[1] GPIO_1[2] GPIO_1[3] GPIO_1[4] GPIO_1[5] GPIO_1[6] GPIO_1[7] GPIO_1[8] GPIO_1[9] GPIO_1[10] GPIO_1[11] GPIO_1[12] GPIO_1[13] GPIO_1[14] GPIO_1[15] GPIO_1[16] GPIO_1[17] GPIO_1[18] GPIO_1[19] GPIO_1[20] GPIO_1[21] GPIO_1[22] GPIO_1[23] GPIO_1[24] GPIO_1[25] GPIO_1[26] GPIO_1[27] GPIO_1[28] GPIO_1[29] GPIO_1[30] GPIO_1[31] GPIO_1[32] GPIO_1[33] GPIO_1[34] GPIO_1[35] PIN_Y15 PIN_AG28 PIN_AA15 PIN_AH27 PIN_AG26 PIN_AH24 PIN_AF23 PIN_AE22 PIN_AF21 PIN_AG20 PIN_AG19 PIN_AF20 PIN_AC23 PIN_AG18 PIN_AH26 PIN_AA19 PIN_AG24 PIN_AF25 PIN_AH23 PIN_AG23 PIN_AE19 PIN_AF18 PIN_AD19 PIN_AE20 PIN_AE24 PIN_AD20 PIN_AF22 PIN_AH22 PIN_AH19 PIN_AH21 PIN_AG21 PIN_AH18 PIN_AD23 PIN_AE23 PIN_AA18 PIN_AC22 DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual GPIO Connection 1[0] GPIO Connection 1[1] GPIO Connection 1[2] GPIO Connection 1[3] GPIO Connection 1[4] GPIO Connection 1[5] GPIO Connection 1[6] GPIO Connection 1[7] GPIO Connection 1[8] GPIO Connection 1[9] GPIO Connection 1[10] GPIO Connection 1[11] GPIO Connection 1[12] GPIO Connection 1[13] GPIO Connection 1[14] GPIO Connection 1[15] GPIO Connection 1[16] GPIO Connection 1[17] GPIO Connection 1[18] GPIO Connection 1[19] GPIO Connection 1[20] GPIO Connection 1[21] GPIO Connection 1[22] GPIO Connection 1[23] GPIO Connection 1[24] GPIO Connection 1[25] GPIO Connection 1[26] GPIO Connection 1[27] GPIO Connection 1[28] GPIO Connection 1[29] GPIO Connection 1[30] GPIO Connection 1[31] GPIO Connection 1[32] GPIO Connection 1[33] GPIO Connection 1[34] GPIO Connection 1[35] 28 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.6.3 Arduino Uno R3 Expansion Header The board provides Arduino Uno revision 3 compatibility expansion header which comes with four independent headers. The expansion header has 17 user pins (16pins GPIO and 1pin Reset) connected directly to the Cyclone V SoC FPGA. 6-pins Analog input connects to ADC, and also provides DC +9V (VCC9), DC +5V (VCC5), DC +3.3V (VCC3P3 and IOREF), and three GND pins. Please refer to Figure 3-19 for detailed pin-out information. The blue font represents the Arduino Uno R3 board pin-out definition. Figure 3-19 lists the all the pin-out signal name of the Arduino Uno connector. The blue font represents the Arduino pin-out definition. The 16 GPIO pins are provided to the Arduino Header for digital I/O. Table 3-11 lists the all the pin assignments of the Arduino Uno connector (digital), signal names relative to the Cyclone V SoC FPGA. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 29 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Table 3-11 Pin Assignments for Arduino Uno Expansion Header connector Schematic FPGA Pin No. Description Signal Name Specific features For Arduino I/O Standard Arduino_IO0 PIN_AG13 Arduino IO0 RXD 3.3-V Arduino_IO1 PIN_AF13 Arduino IO1 TXD 3.3-V Arduino_IO2 PIN_AG10 Arduino IO2 3.3-V Arduino_IO3 PIN_AG9 Arduino IO3 3.3-V Arduino_IO4 PIN_U14 Arduino IO4 3.3-V Arduino_IO5 PIN_U13 Arduino IO5 3.3-V Arduino_IO6 PIN_AG8 Arduino IO6 3.3-V Arduino_IO7 PIN_AH8 Arduino IO7 3.3-V Arduino_IO8 PIN_AF17 Arduino IO8 3.3-V Arduino_IO9 PIN_AE15 Arduino IO9 3.3-V Arduino_IO10 PIN_AF15 Arduino IO10 SS 3.3-V Arduino_IO11 PIN_AG16 Arduino IO11 MOSI 3.3-V Arduino_IO12 PIN_AH11 Arduino IO12 MISO 3.3-V Arduino_IO13 PIN_AH12 Arduino IO13 SCK 3.3-V Arduino_IO14 PIN_AH9 Arduino IO14 SDA 3.3-V Arduino_IO15 PIN_AG11 Arduino IO15 SCL 3.3-V Arduino_Reset_n PIN_AH7 Reset signal, low active. 3.3-V Besides 16 pins for digital GPIO, there are also 6 analog inputs on the Arduino Uno R3 Expansion Header (ADC_IN0 ~ ADC_IN5). Consequently, we use ADC LTC2308 from Linear Technology on the board for possible future analog-to-digital applications. We will introduce in the next section. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 30 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.6.4 A/D Converter and Analog Input The DE0-Nano-SoC has an analog-to-digital converter (LTC2308). The LTC2308 is a low noise, 500ksps, 8-channel, 12-bit ADC with a SPI/MICROWIRE compatible serial interface. This ADC includes an internal reference and a fully differential sample-and-hold circuit to reduce common mode noise. The internal conversion clock allows the external serial output data clock (SCK) to operate at any frequency up to 40MHz. It can be configured to accept eight input signals at inputs ADC_IN0 through ADC_IN7. These eight input signals are connected to a 2x5 header, as shown in Figure 3-20. Figure 3-20 Signals of the 2x5 Header These Analog inputs are shared with the Arduino's analog input pin (ADC_IN0 ~ ADC_IN5), Figure 3-21 shows the connections between the FPGA, 2x5 header, Arduino Analog input, and the A/D converter. More information about the A/D converter chip is available in its datasheet. It can be found on manufacturer’s website or in the directory \Datasheet\ADC of DE0-Nano-SoC system CD. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 31 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 3-21 Connections between the FPGA, 2x5 header, and the A/D converter Table 3-12 Pin Assignment of ADC Signal Name ADC_CONVST ADC_SCK ADC_SDI ADC_SDO FPGA Pin No. PIN_U9 PIN_V10 PIN_AC4 PIN_AD4 DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual Description Conversion Start Serial Data Clock Serial Data Input (FPGA to ADC) Serial Data Out (ADC to FPGA) 32 I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.7 Peripherals Connected to Hard Processor System (HPS) This section introduces the interfaces connected to the HPS section of the Cyclone V SoC FPGA. Users can access these interfaces via the HPS processor. 3.7.1 User Push-buttons and LEDs Similar to the FPGA, the HPS also has its set of switches, buttons, LEDs, and other interfaces connected exclusively. Users can control these interfaces to monitor the status of HPS. Table 3-13 gives the pin assignment of all the LEDs, switches, and push-buttons. Table 3-13 Pin Assignment of LEDs, Switches and Push-buttons Signal Name HPS_KEY HPS_LED FPGA Pin No. PIN_J18 PIN_A20 HPS GPIO GPIO54 GPIO53 Register/bit GPIO1[25] GPIO1[24] Function I/O I/O 3.7.2 Gigabit Ether net The board supports Gigabit Ethernet transfer by an external Micrel KSZ9031RN PHY chip and HPS Ethernet MAC function. The KSZ9031RN chip with integrated 10/100/1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet transceiver also supports RGMII MAC interface. Figure 3-22 shows the connections between the HPS, Gigabit Ethernet PHY, and RJ-45 connector. The pin assignment associated to Gigabit Ethernet interface is listed in Table 3-14. More information about the KSZ9031RN PHY chip and its datasheet, as well as the application notes, which are available on the manufacturer’s website. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 33 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 3-22 Connections between the HPS and Gigabit Ethernet Table 3-14 Pin Assignment of Gigabit Ethernet PHY Signal Name HPS_ENET_TX_EN HPS_ENET_TX_DATA[0] HPS_ENET_TX_DATA[1] HPS_ENET_TX_DATA[2] HPS_ENET_TX_DATA[3] HPS_ENET_RX_DV HPS_ENET_RX_DATA[0] HPS_ENET_RX_DATA[1] HPS_ENET_RX_DATA[2] HPS_ENET_RX_DATA[3] HPS_ENET_RX_CLK HPS_ENET_RESET_N HPS_ENET_MDIO HPS_ENET_MDC HPS_ENET_INT_N HPS_ENET_GTX_CLK FPGA Pin No. PIN_A12 PIN_A16 PIN_J14 PIN_A15 PIN_D17 PIN_J13 PIN_A14 PIN_A11 PIN_C15 PIN_A9 PIN_J12 PIN_B14 PIN_E16 PIN_A13 PIN_B14 PIN_J15 Description GMII and MII transmit enable MII transmit data[0] MII transmit data[1] MII transmit data[2] MII transmit data[3] GMII and MII receive data valid GMII and MII receive data[0] GMII and MII receive data[1] GMII and MII receive data[2] GMII and MII receive data[3] GMII and MII receive clock Hardware Reset Signal Management Data Management Data Clock Reference Interrupt Open Drain Output GMII Transmit Clock I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V There are two LEDs, green LED (LEDG) and yellow LED (LEDY), which represent the status of Ethernet PHY (KSZ9031RN). The LED control signals are connected to the LEDs on the RJ45 connector. The state and definition of LEDG and LEDY are listed in Table 3-15. For instance, the connection from board to Gigabit Ethernet is established once the LEDG lights on. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 34 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Table 3-15 State and Definition of LED Mode Pins LED (State) LEDG H L Toggle H H L Toggle LEDY H H H L Toggle L Toggle LED (Definition) Link /Activity LEDG OFF ON Blinking OFF OFF ON Blinking Link off 1000 Link / No Activity 1000 Link / Activity (RX, TX) 100 Link / No Activity 100 Link / Activity (RX, TX) 10 Link/ No Activity 10 Link / Activity (RX, TX) LEDY OFF OFF OFF ON Blinking ON Blinking 3.7.3 UART The board has one UART interface connected for communication with the HPS. This interface doesn’t support HW flow control signals. The physical interface is implemented by UART-USB onboard bridge from a FT232R chip to the host with an USB Mini-B connector. More information about the chip is available on the manufacturer’s website, or in the directory \Datasheets\UART_TO_USB of DE0-Nano-SoC system CD. Figure 3-23 shows the connections between the HPS, FT232R chip, and the USB Mini-B connector. Table 3-16 lists the pin assignment of UART interface connected to the HPS. Figure 3-23 Connections between the HPS and FT232R Chip DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 35 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Table 3-16 Pin Assignment of UART Interface Signal Name HPS_UART_RX HPS_UART_TX HPS_CONV_USB_N FPGA Pin No. PIN_A22 PIN_B21 PIN_C6 Description HPS UART Receiver HPS UART Transmitter Reserve I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.7.4 DDR3 Memor y The DDR3 devices connected to the HPS are the exact same model as the ones connected to the FPGA. The capacity is 1GB and the data bandwidth is in 32-bit, comprised of two x16 devices with a single address/command bus. The signals are connected to the dedicated Hard Memory Controller for HPS I/O banks and the target speed is 400 MHz. Table 3-17 lists the pin assignment of DDR3 and its description with I/O standard. Table 3-17 Pin Assignment of DDR3 Memory Signal Name HPS_DDR3_A[0] HPS_DDR3_A[1] HPS_DDR3_A[2] HPS_DDR3_A[3] HPS_DDR3_A[4] HPS_DDR3_A[5] HPS_DDR3_A[6] HPS_DDR3_A[7] HPS_DDR3_A[8] HPS_DDR3_A[9] HPS_DDR3_A[10] HPS_DDR3_A[11] HPS_DDR3_A[12] HPS_DDR3_A[13] HPS_DDR3_A[14] HPS_DDR3_BA[0] HPS_DDR3_BA[1] HPS_DDR3_BA[2] HPS_DDR3_CAS_n HPS_DDR3_CKE HPS_DDR3_CK_n HPS_DDR3_CK_p HPS_DDR3_CS_n HPS_DDR3_DM[0] HPS_DDR3_DM[1] HPS_DDR3_DM[2] FPGA Pin No. PIN_C28 PIN_B28 PIN_E26 PIN_D26 PIN_J21 PIN_J20 PIN_C26 PIN_B26 PIN_F26 PIN_F25 PIN_A24 PIN_B24 PIN_D24 PIN_C24 PIN_G23 PIN_A27 PIN_H25 PIN_G25 PIN_A26 PIN_L28 PIN_N20 PIN_N21 PIN_L21 PIN_G28 PIN_P28 PIN_W28 DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual Description HPS DDR3 Address[0] HPS DDR3 Address[1] HPS DDR3 Address[2] HPS DDR3 Address[3] HPS DDR3 Address[4] HPS DDR3 Address[5] HPS DDR3 Address[6] HPS DDR3 Address[7] HPS DDR3 Address[8] HPS DDR3 Address[9] HPS DDR3 Address[10] HPS DDR3 Address[11] HPS DDR3 Address[12] HPS DDR3 Address[13] HPS DDR3 Address[14] HPS DDR3 Bank Address[0] HPS DDR3 Bank Address[1] HPS DDR3 Bank Address[2] DDR3 Column Address Strobe HPS DDR3 Clock Enable HPS DDR3 Clock HPS DDR3 Clock p HPS DDR3 Chip Select HPS DDR3 Data Mask[0] HPS DDR3 Data Mask[1] HPS DDR3 Data Mask[2] 36 I/O Standard SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I Differential 1.5-V SSTL Class I Differential 1.5-V SSTL Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 HPS_DDR3_DM[3] HPS_DDR3_DQ[0] HPS_DDR3_DQ[1] HPS_DDR3_DQ[2] HPS_DDR3_DQ[3] HPS_DDR3_DQ[4] HPS_DDR3_DQ[5] HPS_DDR3_DQ[6] HPS_DDR3_DQ[7] HPS_DDR3_DQ[8] HPS_DDR3_DQ[9] HPS_DDR3_DQ[10] HPS_DDR3_DQ[11] HPS_DDR3_DQ[12] HPS_DDR3_DQ[13] HPS_DDR3_DQ[14] HPS_DDR3_DQ[15] HPS_DDR3_DQ[16] HPS_DDR3_DQ[17] HPS_DDR3_DQ[18] HPS_DDR3_DQ[19] HPS_DDR3_DQ[20] HPS_DDR3_DQ[21] HPS_DDR3_DQ[22] HPS_DDR3_DQ[23] HPS_DDR3_DQ[24] HPS_DDR3_DQ[25] HPS_DDR3_DQ[26] HPS_DDR3_DQ[27] HPS_DDR3_DQ[28] HPS_DDR3_DQ[29] HPS_DDR3_DQ[30] HPS_DDR3_DQ[31] HPS_DDR3_DQS_n[0] HPS_DDR3_DQS_n[1] HPS_DDR3_DQS_n[2] HPS_DDR3_DQS_n[3] HPS_DDR3_DQS_p[0] HPS_DDR3_DQS_p[1] HPS_DDR3_DQS_p[2] HPS_DDR3_DQS_p[3] HPS_DDR3_ODT HPS_DDR3_RAS_n HPS_DDR3_RESET_n PIN_AB28 PIN_J25 PIN_J24 PIN_E28 PIN_D27 PIN_J26 PIN_K26 PIN_G27 PIN_F28 PIN_K25 PIN_L25 PIN_J27 PIN_J28 PIN_M27 PIN_M26 PIN_M28 PIN_N28 PIN_N24 PIN_N25 PIN_T28 PIN_U28 PIN_N26 PIN_N27 PIN_R27 PIN_V27 PIN_R26 PIN_R25 PIN_AA28 PIN_W26 PIN_R24 PIN_T24 PIN_Y27 PIN_AA27 PIN_R16 PIN_R18 PIN_T18 PIN_T20 PIN_R17 PIN_R19 PIN_T19 PIN_U19 PIN_D28 PIN_A25 PIN_V28 DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual HPS DDR3 Data Mask[3] HPS DDR3 Data[0] HPS DDR3 Data[1] HPS DDR3 Data[2] HPS DDR3 Data[3] HPS DDR3 Data[4] HPS DDR3 Data[5] HPS DDR3 Data[6] HPS DDR3 Data[7] HPS DDR3 Data[8] HPS DDR3 Data[9] HPS DDR3 Data[10] HPS DDR3 Data[11] HPS DDR3 Data[12] HPS DDR3 Data[13] HPS DDR3 Data[14] HPS DDR3 Data[15] HPS DDR3 Data[16] HPS DDR3 Data[17] HPS DDR3 Data[18] HPS DDR3 Data[19] HPS DDR3 Data[20] HPS DDR3 Data[21] HPS DDR3 Data[22] HPS DDR3 Data[23] HPS DDR3 Data[24] HPS DDR3 Data[25] HPS DDR3 Data[26] HPS DDR3 Data[27] HPS DDR3 Data[28] HPS DDR3 Data[29] HPS DDR3 Data[30] HPS DDR3 Data[31] HPS DDR3 Data Strobe n[0] HPS DDR3 Data Strobe n[1] HPS DDR3 Data Strobe n[2] HPS DDR3 Data Strobe n[3] HPS DDR3 Data Strobe p[0] HPS DDR3 Data Strobe p[1] HPS DDR3 Data Strobe p[2] HPS DDR3 Data Strobe p[3] HPS DDR3 On-die Termination DDR3 Row Address Strobe HPS DDR3 Reset 37 SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I Differential 1.5-V SSTL Class I Differential 1.5-V SSTL Class I Differential 1.5-V SSTL Class I Differential 1.5-V SSTL Class I Differential 1.5-V SSTL Class I Differential 1.5-V SSTL Class I Differential 1.5-V SSTL Class I Differential 1.5-V SSTL Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I SSTL-15 Class I www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 HPS_DDR3_WE_n HPS_DDR3_RZQ PIN_E25 PIN_D25 HPS DDR3 Write Enable External reference ball for output drive calibration SSTL-15 Class I 1.5 V 3.7.5 Micro SD Card Socket The board supports Micro SD card interface with x4 data lines. It serves not only an external storage for the HPS, but also an alternative boot option for DE0-Nano0-SoC board. Figure 3-24 shows signals connected between the HPS and Micro SD card socket. Table 3-18 lists the pin assignment of Micro SD card socket to the HPS. Figure 3-24 Connections between the FPGA and SD card socket Table 3-18 Pin Assignment of Micro SD Card Socket Signal Name HPS_SD_CLK HPS_SD_CMD HPS_SD_DATA[0] HPS_SD_DATA[1] HPS_SD_DATA[2] HPS_SD_DATA[3] DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual FPGA Pin No. PIN_B8 PIN_D14 PIN_C13 PIN_B6 PIN_B11 PIN_B9 Description HPS SD Clock HPS SD Command Line HPS SD Data[0] HPS SD Data[1] HPS SD Data[2] HPS SD Data[3] 38 I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.7.6 USB 2.0 OTG PHY The board provides USB interfaces using the SMSC USB3300 controller. A SMSC USB3300 device in a 32-pin QFN package device is used to interface to a single Type AB Micro-USB connector. This device supports UTMI+ Low Pin Interface (ULPI) to communicate to USB 2.0 controller in HPS. As defined by OTG mode, the PHY can operate in Host or Device modes. When operating in Host mode, the interface will supply the power to the device through the Micro-USB interface. Figure 3-25 shows the connections of USB PTG PHY to the HPS. Table 3-19 lists the pin assignment of USB OTG PHY to the HPS. Figure 3-25 Connections between the HPS and USB OTG PHY Table 3-19 Pin Assignment of USB OTG PHY Signal Name HPS_USB_CLKOUT HPS_USB_DATA[0] HPS_USB_DATA[1] HPS_USB_DATA[2] HPS_USB_DATA[3] HPS_USB_DATA[4] HPS_USB_DATA[5] HPS_USB_DATA[6] HPS_USB_DATA[7] HPS_USB_DIR HPS_USB_NXT HPS_USB_RESET HPS_USB_STP DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual FPGA Pin No. PIN_G4 PIN_C10 PIN_F5 PIN_C9 PIN_C4 PIN_C8 PIN_D4 PIN_C7 PIN_F4 PIN_E5 PIN_D5 PIN_H12 PIN_C5 Description 60MHz Reference Clock Output HPS USB_DATA[0] HPS USB_DATA[1] HPS USB_DATA[2] HPS USB_DATA[3] HPS USB_DATA[4] HPS USB_DATA[5] HPS USB_DATA[6] HPS USB_DATA[7] Direction of the Data Bus Throttle the Data HPS USB PHY Reset Stop Data Stream on the Bus 39 I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 3.7.7 G-sensor The board comes with a digital accelerometer sensor module (ADXL345), commonly known as G-sensor. This G-sensor is a small, thin, ultralow power assumption 3-axis accelerometer with high-resolution measurement. Digitalized output is formatted as 16-bit in two’s complement and can be accessed through I2C interface. The I2C address of G-sensor is 0xA6/0xA7. More information about this chip can be found in its datasheet, which is available on manufacturer’s website or in the directory \Datasheet\G-Sensor folder of DE0-Nano-SoC system CD. Figure 3-26 shows the connections between the HPS and G-sensor. Table 3-20 lists the pin assignment of G-senor to the HPS. Figure 3-26 Connections between Cyclone V SoC FPGA and G-Sensor Table 3-20 Pin Assignment of G-senor Signal Name HPS_GSENSOR_INT HPS_I2C0_SCLK HPS_I2C0_SDAT FPGA Pin No. PIN_A17 PIN_C18 PIN_A19 Description HPS GSENSOR Interrupt Output HPS I2C0 Clock HPS I2C0 Data I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.7.8 LTC Connector The board has a 14-pin header, which is originally used to communicate with various daughter cards from Linear Technology. It is connected to the SPI Master and I2C ports of HPS. The communication with these two protocols is bi-directional. The 14-pin header can also be used for GPIO, SPI, or I2C based communication with the HPS. Connections between the HPS and LTC DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 40 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 connector are shown in Figure 3-27, and the pin assignment of LTC connector is listed in Table 3-21. Figure 3-27 Connections between the HPS and LTC connector Table 3-21 Pin Assignment of LTC Connector Signal Name HPS_LTC_GPIO HPS_I2C1_SCLK HPS_I2C1_SDAT HPS_SPIM_CLK HPS_SPIM_MISO HPS_SPIM_MOSI HPS_SPIM_SS DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual FPGA Pin No. PIN_H13 PIN_B21 PIN_A21 PIN_C19 PIN_B19 PIN_B16 PIN_C16 Description HPS LTC GPIO HPS I2C1 Clock HPS I2C1 Data SPI Clock SPI Master Input/Slave Output SPI Master Output /Slave Input SPI Slave Select 41 I/O Standard 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Chapter 4 DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder This chapter describes how users can create a custom design project with the tool named DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder. 4.1 Introduction The DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder is a Windows-based utility. It is designed to help users create a Quartus II project for DE0-Nano-SoC within minutes. The generated Quartus II project files include:      Quartus II project file (.qpf) Quartus II setting file (.qsf) Top-level design file (.v) Synopsis design constraints file (.sdc) Pin assignment document (.htm) The above files generated by the DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder can also prevent occurrence of situations that are prone to compilation error when users manually edit the top-level design file or place pin assignment. The common mistakes that users encounter are:  Board is damaged due to incorrect bank voltage setting or pin assignment.  Board is malfunctioned because of wrong device chosen, declaration of pin location or direction is incorrect or forgotten.  Performance degradation due to improper pin assignment. 4.2 Design Flow This section provides an introduction to the design flow of building a Quartus II project for DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 42 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 DE0-Nano-SoC under the DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder. The design flow is illustrated in Figure 4-1. The DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder will generate two major files, a top-level design file (.v) and a Quartus II setting file (.qsf) after users launch the DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder and create a new project according to their design requirements. The top-level design file contains a top-level Verilog HDL wrapper for users to add their own design/logic. The Quartus II setting file contains information such as FPGA device type, top-level pin assignment, and the I/O standard for each user-defined I/O pin. Finally, the Quartus II programmer is used to download .sof file to the development board via JTAG interface. Figure 4-1 Design flow of building a project from the beginning to the end 4.3 Using DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder This section provides the procedures in details on how to use the DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 43 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015  Install and Launch the DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder The DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder is located in the directory: “Tools\SystemBuilder” of the DE0-Nano-SoC System CD. Users can copy the entire folder to a host computer without installing the utility. A window will pop up, as shown in Figure 4-2, after executing the DE0-Nano-SoC SystemBuilder.exe on the host computer. Figure 4-2 The GUI of DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder  Enter Project Name Enter the project name in the circled area, as shown in Figure 4-3. The project name typed in will be assigned automatically as the name of your top-level design entity. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 44 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 4-3 Enter the project name  System Configuration Users are given the flexibility in the System Configuration to include their choice of components in the project, as shown in Figure 4-4. Each component onboard is listed and users can enable or disable one or more components at will. If a component is enabled, the DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder will automatically generate its associated pin assignment, including the pin name, pin location, pin direction, and I/O standard. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 45 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 4-4 System configuration group  GPIO Expansion If users connect any Terasic GPIO-based daughter card to the GPIO connector(s) on DE0-Nano-SoC, the DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder can generate a project that include the corresponding module, as shown in Figure 4-5. It will also generate the associated pin assignment automatically, including pin name, pin location, pin direction, and I/O standard. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 46 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 4-5 GPIO expansion group The “Prefix Name” is an optional feature that denote the pin name of the daughter card assigned in your design. Users may leave this field blank.  Project Setting Management The DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder also provides the option to load a setting or save users’ current board configuration in .cfg file, as shown in Figure 4-6. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 47 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 4-6 Project Settings  Project Generation When users press the Generate button, the DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder will generate the corresponding Quartus II files and documents, as listed in Table 4-1: Table 4-1 Files generated by the DE0-Nano-SoC System Builder No. 1 Filename .v Description Top level Verilog HDL file for Quartus II 2 .qpf Quartus II Project File 3 .qsf Quartus II Setting File 4 .sdc Synopsis Design Constraints file for Quartus II 5 .htm Pin Assignment Document Users can add custom logic into the project in Quartus II and compile the project to generate the SRAM Object File (.sof). DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 48 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Chapter 5 Examples For FPGA This chapter provides examples of advanced designs implemented by RTL or Qsys on the DE0-Nano-SoC board. These reference designs cover the features of peripherals connected to the FPGA, such as A/D Converter. All the associated files can be found in the directory \Demonstrations\FPGA of DE0-Nano-SoC System CD.  Installation of Demonstrations Install the demonstrations on your computer: Copy the folder Demonstrations to a local directory of your choice. It is important to make sure the path to your local directory contains NO space. Otherwise it will lead to error in Nios II. Note Quartus II v14.0 or later is required for all DE0-Nano-SoC demonstrations to support Cyclone V SoC device. 5.1 DE0-Nano-SoC Factor y Configuration The DE0-Nano-SoC board has a default configuration bit-stream pre-programmed, which demonstrates some of the basic features on board. The setup required for this demonstration and the location of its files are shown below.  Demonstration Setup, File Locations, and Instructions  Project directory: DE0_NANO_SOC_Default  Bitstream used: DE0_NANO_SOC_Default.sof or DE0_NANO_SOC_Default.jic  Power on the DE0-Nano-SoC board with the USB cable connected to the USB-Blaster II port. If necessary (that is, if the default factory configuration is not currently stored in the EPCS device), download the bit stream to the board via JTAG interface.  You should now be able to observe the LEDs are blinking.  For the ease of execution, a demo_batch folder is provided in the project. It is able to not only DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 49 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 load the bit stream into the FPGA in command line, but also program or erase .jic file to the EPCS by executing the test.bat file shown in Figure 5-1 If users want to program a new design into the EPCS device, the easiest method is to copy the new .sof file into the demo_batch folder and execute the test.bat. Option “2” will convert the .sof to .jic and option”3” will program .jic file into the EPCS device. Figure 5-1 Command line of the batch file to program the FPGA and EPCS device 5.2 ADC Reading This demonstration illustrates steps to evaluate the performance of the 8-channel 12-bit A/D Converter LTC2308. The DC 5.0V on the 2x5 header is used to drive the analog signals by a trimmer potentiometer. The voltage can be adjusted within the range between 0 and 4.096V. The 12-bit voltage measurement is displayed on the NIOS II console. Figure 5-2 shows the block diagram of this demonstration. If the input voltage is -2.0V ~ 2.0V, a pre-scale circuit can be used to adjust it to 0 ~ 4V. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 50 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 5-2 Block diagram of ADC reading Figure 5-3 depicts the pin arrangement of the 2x5 header. This header is the input source of ADC convertor in this demonstration. Users can connect a trimmer to the specified ADC channel (ADC_IN0 ~ ADC_IN7) that provides voltage to the ADC convert. The FPGA will read the associated register in the convertor via serial interface and translates it to voltage value to be displayed on the Nios II console. Figure 5-3 Pin distribution of the 2x5 Header for the ADC DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 51 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015  System Requirements The following items are required for this demonstration.  DE0-Nano-SoC board x1  Trimmer Potentiometer x1  Wire Strip x3       Demonstration File Locations Hardware project directory: DE0_NANO_SOC_ADC Bitstream used: DE0_NANO_SOC_ADC.sof Software project directory: DE0_NANO_SOC_ADC \software Demo batch file : DE0_NANO_SOC_ADC \demo_batch\ DE0_NANO_SOC_ADC.bat Demonstration Setup and Instructions  Connect the trimmer to corresponding ADC channel on the 2x5 header, as shown in Figure 5-4, as well as the +5V and GND signals. The setup shown above is connected to ADC channel 0.  Execute the demo batch file DE0_NANO_SOC_ADC.bat to load the bitstream and software execution file to the FPGA.  The Nios II console will display the voltage of the specified channel voltage result information Figure 5-4 Hardware setup for the ADC reading demonstration DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 52 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Chapter 6 Examples for HPS SoC This chapter provides several C-code examples based on the Altera SoC Linux built by Yocto project. These examples demonstrate major features of peripherals connected to HPS interface on DE0-Nano-SoC board such as users LED/KEY, I2C interfaced G-sensor. All the associated files can be found in the directory Demonstrations/SOC of the DE0-Nano-SoC System CD. Please refer to Chapter 5 "Running Linux on the DE0-Nano-SoC board" from the DE0-Nano-SoC_Getting_Started_Guide.pdf to run Linux on DE0-Nano-SoC board.  Installation of the Demonstrations To install the demonstrations on the host computer: Copy the directory Demonstrations into a local directory of your choice. Altera SoC EDS v14.0 is required for users to compile the c-code project. 6.1 Hello Program This demonstration shows how to develop first HPS program with Altera SoC EDS tool. Please refer to My_First_HPS.pdf from the system CD for more details. The major procedures to develop and build HPS project are:     Install Altera SoC EDS on the host PC. Create program .c/.h files with a generic text editor Create a "Makefile" with a generic text editor Build the project under Altera SoC EDS DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 53 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015  Program File The main program for the Hello World demonstration is:  Makefile A Makefile is required to compile a project. The Makefile used for this demo is:  Compile Please launch Altera SoC EDS Command Shell to compile a project by executing C:\altera\14.0\embedded\Embedded_Command_Shell.bat The "cd" command can change the current directory to where the Hello World project is located. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 54 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 The "make" command will build the project. The executable file "my_first_hps" will be generated after the compiling process is successful. The "clean all" command removes all temporary files.  Demonstration Source Code       Build tool: Altera SoC EDS v14.0 Project directory: \Demonstration\SoC\my_first_hps Binary file: my_first_hps Build command: make ("make clean" to remove all temporary files) Execute command: ./my_first_hps Demonstration Setup  Connect a USB cable to the USB-to-UART connector (J4) on the DE0-Nano-SoC board and the host PC.  Copy the demo file "my_first_hps" into a microSD card under the "/home/root" folder in Linux.  Insert the booting microSD card into the DE0-Nano-SoC board.  Power on the DE0-Nano-SoC board.  Launch PuTTY and establish connection to the UART port of Putty. Type "root" to login Altera Yocto Linux.  Type "./my_first_hps" in the UART terminal of PuTTY to start the program, and the "Hello World!" message will be displayed in the terminal. 6.2 Users LED and KEY This demonstration shows how to control the users LED and KEY by accessing the register of GPIO controller through the memory-mapped device driver. The memory-mapped device driver allows developer to access the system physical memory.  Function Block Diagram Figure 6-1 shows the function block diagram of this demonstration. The users LED and KEY are connected to the GPIO1 controller in HPS. The behavior of GPIO controller is controlled by the register in GPIO controller. The registers can be accessed by application software through the memory-mapped device driver, which is built into Altera SoC Linux. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 55 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 6-1 Block diagram of GPIO demonstration  Block Diagram of GPIO Interface The HPS provides three general-purpose I/O (GPIO) interface modules. Figure 6-2 shows the block diagram of GPIO Interface. GPIO[28..0] is controlled by the GPIO0 controller and GPIO[57..29] is controlled by the GPIO1 controller. GPIO[70..58] and input-only GPI[13..0] are controlled by the GPIO2 controller. Figure 6-2 Block diagram of GPIO Interface  GPIO Register Block DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 56 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 The behavior of I/O pin is controlled by the registers in the register block. There are three 32-bit registers in the GPIO controller used in this demonstration. The registers are:  gpio_swporta_dr: write output data to output I/O pin  gpio_swporta_ddr: configure the direction of I/O pin  gpio_ext_porta: read input data of I/O input pin The gpio_swporta_ddr configures the LED pin as output pin and drives it high or low by writing data to the gpio_swporta_dr register. The first bit (least significant bit) of gpio_swporta_dr controls the direction of first IO pin in the associated GPIO controller and the second bit controls the direction of second IO pin in the associated GPIO controller and so on. The value "1" in the register bit indicates the I/O direction is output, while the value "0" in the register bit indicates the I/O direction is input. The first bit of gpio_swporta_dr register controls the output value of first I/O pin in the associated GPIO controller, the second bit controls the output value of second I/O pin in the associated GPIO controller and so on. The value "1" in the register bit indicates the output value is high, and the value "0" indicates the output value is low. The status of KEY can be queried by reading the value of gpio_ext_porta register. The first bit represents the input status of first IO pin in the associated GPIO controller, and the second bit represents the input status of second IO pin in the associated GPIO controller and so on. The value "1" in the register bit indicates the input state is high, and the value "0" indicates the input state is low.  GPIO Register Address Mapping The registers of HPS peripherals are mapped to HPS base address space 0xFC000000 with 64KB size. The registers of the GPIO1 controller are mapped to the base address 0xFF708000 with 4KB size, and the registers of the GPIO2 controller are mapped to the base address 0xFF70A000 with 4KB size, as shown in Figure 6-3. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 57 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 6-3 GPIO address map  Software API Developers can use the following software API to access the register of GPIO controller.       open: open memory mapped device driver mmap: map physical memory to user space alt_read_word: read a value from a specified register alt_write_word: write a value into a specified register munmap: clean up memory mapping close: close device driver. Developers can also use the following MACRO to access the register   alt_setbits_word: set specified bit value to one for a specified register alt_clrbits_word: set specified bit value to zero for a specified register The program must include the following header files to use the above API to access the registers of GPIO controller. #include #include #include DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 58 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 #include #include "hwlib.h" #include "socal/socal.h" #include "socal/hps.h" #include "socal/alt_gpio.h"  LED and KEY Control Figure 6-4 shows the HPS users LED and KEY pin assignment for the DE0-NANO-SoC board. The LED is connected to HPS_GPIO53 and the KEY is connected to HPS_GPIO54. They are controlled by the GPIO1 controller, which also controls HPS_GPIO29 ~ HPS_GPIO57. Figure 6-4 Pin assignment of LED and KEY Figure 6-5 shows the gpio_swporta_ddr register of the GPIO1 controller. The bit-0 controls the pin direction of HPS_GPIO29. The bit-24 controls the pin direction of HPS_GPIO53, which connects to HPS_LED, the bit-25 controls the pin direction of HPS_GPIO54, which connects to HPS_KEY , and so on. The pin direction of HPS_LED and HPS_KEY are controlled by the bit-24 and bit-25 in the gpio_swporta_ddr register of the GPIO1 controller, respectively. Similarly, the output status of HPS_LED is controlled by the bit-24 in the gpio_swporta_dr register of the GPIO1 controller. The status of KEY can be queried by reading the value of the bit-24 in the gpio_ext_porta register of the GPIO1 controller. Figure 6-5 gpio_swporta_ddr register in the GPIO1 controller DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 59 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 The following mask is defined in the demo code to control LED and KEY direction and LED’s output value. #define USER_IO_DIR (0x01000000) #define BIT_LED (0x01000000) #define BUTTON_MASK (0x02000000) The following statement is used to configure the LED associated pins as output pins. alt_setbits_word( ( virtual_base + ( ( uint32_t )( ALT_GPIO1_SWPORTA_DDR_ADDR ) & ( uint32_t )( HW_REGS_MASK ) ) ), USER_IO_DIR ); The following statement is used to turn on the LED. alt_setbits_word( ( virtual_base + ( ( uint32_t )( ALT_GPIO1_SWPORTA_DR_ADDR ) & ( uint32_t )( HW_REGS_MASK ) ) ), BIT_LED ); The following statement is used to read the content of gpio_ext_porta register. The bit mask is used to check the status of the key. alt_read_word( ( virtual_base + ( ( uint32_t )( ALT_GPIO1_EXT_PORTA_ADDR ) & ( uint32_t )( HW_REGS_MASK ) ) ) );        Demonstration Source Code Build tool: Altera SoC EDS V14.0 Project directory: \Demonstration\SoC\hps_gpio Binary file: hps_gpio Build command: make ('make clean' to remove all temporal files) Execute command: ./hps_gpio Demonstration Setup  Connect a USB cable to the USB-to-UART connector (J4) on the DE0-Nano-SoC board and the host PC.  Copy the executable file "hps_gpio" into the microSD card under the "/home/root" folder in Linux. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 60 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015  Insert the booting micro SD card into the DE0-Nano-SoC board.  Power on the DE0-Nano-SoC board.  Launch PuTTY and establish connection to the UART port of Putty. Type "root" to login Altera Yocto Linux.  Type "./hps_gpio " in the UART terminal of PuTTY to start the program.  HPS_LED will flash twice and users can control the user LED with push-button.  Press HPS_KEY to light up HPS_LED.  Press "CTRL + C" to terminate the application. 6.3 I2C Interfaced G-sensor This demonstration shows how to control the G-sensor by accessing its registers through the built-in I2C kernel driver in Altera Soc Yocto Powered Embedded Linux.  Function Block Diagram Figure 6-6 shows the function block diagram of this demonstration. The G-sensor on the DE0-Nano-SoC board is connected to the I2C0 controller in HPS. The G-Sensor I2C 7-bit device address is 0x53. The system I2C bus driver is used to access the register files in the G-sensor. The G-sensor interrupt signal is connected to the PIO controller. This demonstration uses polling method to read the register data. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 61 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 6-6 Block diagram of the G-sensor demonstration  I2C Driver The procedures to read a register value from G-sensor register files by the existing I2C bus driver in the system are: 1. Open I2C bus driver "/dev/i2c-0": file = open("/dev/i2c-0", O_RDWR); 2. Specify G-sensor's I2C address 0x53: ioctl(file, I2C_SLAVE, 0x53); 3. Specify desired register index in g-sensor: write(file, &Addr8, sizeof(unsigned char)); 4. Read one-byte register value: read(file, &Data8, sizeof(unsigned char)); The G-sensor I2C bus is connected to the I2C0 controller, as shown in the Figure 6-7. The driver name given is '/dev/i2c-0'. Figure 6-7 Connection of HPS I2C signals The step 4 above can be changed to the following to write a value into a register. write(file, &Data8, sizeof(unsigned char)); The step 4 above can also be changed to the following to read multiple byte values. read(file, &szData8, sizeof(szData8)); // where szData is an array of bytes The step 4 above can be changed to the following to write multiple byte values. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 62 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 write(file, &szData8, sizeof(szData8)); // where szData is an array of bytes  G-sensor Control The ADI ADXL345 provides I2C and SPI interfaces. I2C interface is selected by setting the CS pin to high on the DE0-Nano-SoC board. The ADI ADXL345 G-sensor provides user-selectable resolution up to 13-bit ± 16g. The resolution can be configured through the DATA_FORAMT(0x31) register. The data format in this demonstration is configured as:    Full resolution mode ± 16g range mode Left-justified mode The X/Y/Z data value can be derived from the DATAX0(0x32), DATAX1(0x33), DATAY0(0x34), DATAY1(0x35), DATAZ0(0x36), and DATAX1(0x37) registers. The DATAX0 represents the least significant byte and the DATAX1 represents the most significant byte. It is recommended to perform multiple-byte read of all registers to prevent change in data between sequential registers read. The following statement reads 6 bytes of X, Y, or Z value. read(file, szData8, sizeof(szData8)); // where szData is an array of six-bytes        Demonstration Source Code Build tool: Altera SoC EDS v14.0 Project directory: \Demonstration\SoC\hps_gsensor Binary file: gsensor Build command: make ('make clean' to remove all temporal files) Execute command: ./gsensor [loop count] Demonstration Setup  Connect a USB cable to the USB-to-UART connector (J4) on the DE0-Nano-SoC board and the host PC.  Copy the executable file "gsensor" into the microSD card under the "/home/root" folder in Linux.  Insert the booting microSD card into the DE0-Nano-SoC board.  Power on the DE0-Nano-SoC board. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 63 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015  Launch PuTTY to establish connection to the UART port of DE0-Nano-SoC board. Type "root" to login Yocto Linux.  Execute "./gsensor" in the UART terminal of PuTTY to start the G-sensor polling.  The demo program will show the X, Y, and Z values in the PuTTY, as shown in Figure 6-8. Figure 6-8 Terminal output of the G-sensor demonstration  Press "CTRL + C" to terminate the program. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 64 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Chapter 7 Examples for using both HPS SoC and FGPA Although HPS and FPGA can operate independently, they are tightly coupled via a high-bandwidth system interconnect built from high-performance ARM AMBA® AXITM bus bridges. Both FPGA fabric and HPS can access to each other via these interconnect bridges. This chapter provides demonstrations on how to achieve superior performance and lower latency through these interconnect bridges when comparing to solutions containing a separate FPGA and discrete processor. 7.1 HPS Control FPGA LED This demonstration shows how HPS controls the FPGA LED through Lightweight HPS-to-FPGA Bridge. The FPGA is configured by HPS through FPGA manager in HPS.  A brief view on FPGA manager The FPGA manager in HPS configures the FPGA fabric from HPS. It also monitors the state of FPGA and drives or samples signals to or from the FPGA fabric. The command is provided to configure FPGA through the FPGA manager. The FPGA configuration data is stored in the file with .rbf extension. The MSEL[4:0] must be set to 00000 before executing the command on HPS.  Function Block Diagram Figure 7-1 shows the block diagram of this demonstration. The HPS uses Lightweight HPS-to-FPGA AXI Bridge to communicate with FPGA. The hardware in FPGA part is built into Qsys. The data transferred through Lightweight HPS-to-FPGA Bridge is converted into Avalon-MM DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 65 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 master interface. The PIO Controller works as Avalon-MM slave in the system. They control the associated pins to change the state of LED . This is similar to a system using Nios II processor to control LED. Figure 7-1 FPGA LED are controlled by HPS  LED Control Software Design The Lightweight HPS-to-FPGA Bridge is a peripheral of HPS. The software running on Linux cannot access the physical address of the HPS peripheral. The physical address must be mapped to the user space before the peripheral can be accessed. Alternatively, a customized device driver module can be added to the kernel. The entire CSR span of HPS is mapped to access various registers within that span. The mapping function and the macro defined below can be reused if any other peripherals whose physical address is also in this span. The start address of Lightweight HPS-to-FPGA Bridge after mapping can be retrieved by ALT_LWFPGASLVS_OFST, which is defined in altera_hps hardware library. The slave IP connected to the bridge can then be accessed through the base address and the register offset in these IPs. For instance, the base address of the PIO slave IP in this system is 0x0001_0040, the direction control register offset is 0x01, and the data register offset is 0x00. The following statement is used to retrieve the base address of PIO slave IP. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 66 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 h2p_lw_led_addr=virtual_base+( ( unsigned long )( ALT_LWFPGASLVS_OFST + LED_PIO_BASE ) & ( unsigned long)( HW_REGS_MASK ) ); Considering this demonstration only needs to set the direction of PIO as output, which is the default direction of the PIO IP, the step above can be skipped. The following statement is used to set the output state of the PIO. alt_write_word(h2p_lw_led_addr, Mask ); The Mask in the statement decides which bit in the data register of the PIO IP is high or low. The bits in data register decide the output state of the pins connected to the LED.         Demonstration Source Code Build tool: Altera SoC EDS V14.0 Project directory: \Demonstration\ SoC_FPGA\HPS_CONTROL_FPGA_LED FPGA configuration file : HPS_CONTROL_FPGA_LED.rbf Binary file: HPS_CONTROL_FPGA_LED Build app command: make ('make clean' to remove all temporal files) Execute app command:./ HPS_CONTROL_FPGA_LED Demonstration Setup  Quartus II and SoCEDS must be installed on the host PC.  The MSEL[4:0] is set to 00000.  Connect a USB cable to the USB-to-UART connector (J4) on the DE0-Nano-SoC board and the host PC.  Copy the executable files "HPS_CONTROL_FPGA_LED" and the FPGA configuration file " HPS_CONTROL_FPGA_LED.rbf " into the microSD card under the "/home/root" folder in Linux.  Insert the booting microSD card into the DE0-Nano-SoC board. Please refer to the chapter 5 "Running Linux on the DE0-Nano-SoC board" on DE0-Nano-SoC _Getting_Started_Guide.pdf on how to build a booting microSD card image.  Power on the DE0-Nano-SoC board.  Launch PuTTY to establish connection to the UART port of the DE0-Nano-SoC board. Type "root" to login Altera Yocto Linux.  Execute "dd if= HPS_CONTROL_FPGA_LED.rbf of=/dev/fpga0 bs=1M" in the UART terminal of PuTTY to configure the FPGA through the FPGA manager. After the configuration is successful, the message shown in Figure 7-2 will be displayed in the DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 67 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 terminal. Figure 7-2 Running command to configure the FPGA  Execute "./HPS_CONTROL_FPGA_LED" in the UART terminal of PuTTY to start the program.  The message shown in Figure 7-3, will be displayed in the terminal. The LED[7:0] will be flashing. Figure 7-3 Running result in the terminal of PuTTY  Press "CTRL + C" to terminate the program. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 68 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Chapter 8 Programming the EPCS Device This chapter describes how to program the serial configuration (EPCS) device with Serial Flash Loader (SFL) function via the JTAG interface. Users can program EPCS devices with a JTAG indirect configuration (.jic) file, which is converted from a user-specified SRAM object file (.sof) in Quartus. The .sof file is generated after the project compilation is successful. The steps of converting .sof to .jic in Quartus II are listed below. 8.1 Before Programming Begins The FPGA should be set to AS x1 mode i.e. MSEL[4..0] = “10010” to use the Flash as a FPGA configuration device, as shown in Figure 8-1. Figure 8-1 DIP switch (SW10) setting of Active Serial (AS) mode DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 69 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 8.2 Conver t .SOF File to .JIC File 1. Choose Convert Programming Files from the File menu of Quartus II, as shown in Figure 8-2. Figure 8-2 File menu of Quartus II 2. Select JTAG Indirect Configuration File (.jic) from the Programming file type field in the dialog of Convert Programming Files. 3. Choose EPCS128 from the Configuration device field. 4. Choose Active Serial from the Mode filed. 5. Browse to the target directory from the File name field and specify the name of output file. 6. Click on the SOF data in the section of Input files to convert, as shown in Figure 8-3. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 70 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 8-3 Dialog of “Convert Programming Files” 7. Click Add File. 8. Select the .sof to be converted to a .jic file from the Open File dialog. 9. Click Open. 10. Click on the Flash Loader and click Add Device, as shown in Figure 8-4. 11. Click OK and the Select Devices page will appear. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 71 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 8-4 Click on the “Flash Loader” 12. Select the targeted FPGA to be programed into the EPCS, as shown in Figure 8-5. 13. Click OK and the Convert Programming Files page will appear, as shown in Figure 8-6. 14. Click Generate. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 72 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 8-5 “Select Devices” page Figure 8-6 “Convert Programming Files” page after selecting the device DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 73 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 8.3 Write JIC File into the EPCS Device When the conversion of SOF-to-JIC file is complete, please follow the steps below to program the EPCS device with the .jic file created in Quartus II Programmer. 1. Set MSEL[4..0] = “10010” 2. Choose Programmer from the Tools menu and the Chain.cdf window will appear. 3. Click Auto Detect and then select the correct device(5CSEMA4). Both FPGA device and HPS should be detected, as shown in Figure 8-7. 4. Double click the red rectangle region shown in Figure 8-7 and the Select New Programming File page will appear. Select the .jic file to be programmed. 5. Program the EPCS device by clicking the corresponding Program/Configure box. A factory default SFL image will be loaded, as shown in Figure 8-8. 6. Click Start to program the EPCS device. Figure 8-7 Two devices are detected in the Quartus II Programmer DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 74 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 8-8 Quartus II programmer window with one .jic file 8.4 Erase the EPCS Device The steps to erase the existing file in the EPCS device are: 1. Set MSEL[4..0] = “10010” 2. Choose Programmer from the Tools menu and the Chain.cdf window will appear. 3. Click Auto Detect, and then select correct device, both FPGA device and HPS will detected. (See Figure 8-7) 4. Double click the red rectangle region shown in Figure 8-7, and the Select New Programming File page will appear. Select the correct .jic file. 5. Erase the EPCS device by clicking the corresponding Erase box. A factory default SFL image will be loaded, as shown in Figure 8-9. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 75 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Figure 8-9 Erase the EPCS device in Quartus II Programmer 6. Click Start to erase the EPCS device. 8.5 EPCS Programming via nios-2-flash-programmer Before programming the EPCS via nios-2-flash-programmer, users must add an EPCS patch file nios-flash-override.txt into the Nios II EDS folder. The patch file is available in the folder Demonstation\EPCS_Patch of DE0-Nano-SoC System CD. Please copy this file to the folder [QuartusInstalledFolder]\nios2eds\bin (e.g. C:\altera\14.0\nios2eds\bin) If the patch file is not included into the Nios II EDS folder, an error will occur as shown in Figure 8-10. Figure 8-10 Error Message “No EPCS Layout Data”. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 76 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 8.6 Nios II Boot from EPCS Device in Quar tus II v13.1 or later There is a known problem in Quartus II software that the Quartus Programmer must be used to program the EPCS device on DE0-Nano-SoC board. Please refer to Altera’s website here with details step by step. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 77 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Chapter 9 Appendix A 9.1 W hat's different between the DE0-Nano-SoC kit and the Atlas-SoC kit? The hardware is the same for the DE0-Nano-SoC kit and the Atlas-SoC kit. The only difference is the getting-started process for the two kits. Users can freely use the DE0-Nano-SoC kit resources on the Atlas-SoC kit and vice versa.For more details on the Atlas-SoC kit, please visit: http://www.rocketboards.org/atlas-soc DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 78 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015 Chapter 10 Appendix B 10.1 Revision Histor y Version V1.0 V1.1 V1.2 Change Log Initial Version (Preliminary) Minor corrections: fixing typos and broken links Minor corrections: fixing typos and broken links and adding Altera Atlas kit's description Minor corrections: fixing Table 3-2. Add GPIO pin Arrangement (Figure 3-18) Minor corrections: fixing typos and broken links V1.3 V1.4 V1.5 Copyright © 2015 Terasic Inc. All rights reserved. DE0-Nano-SoC User Manual 79 www.terasic.com December 28, 2015